A fertilizer coating device

Abstract

This invention discloses a fertilizer coating device, belonging to the field of fertilizer coating technology. It includes a fluidizing chamber with a discharge port at the bottom, providing a coating area; a discharge chamber located at the bottom of the fluidizing chamber, with at least a portion of the fluidizing chamber located inside the discharge chamber; and a spraying element rotatably disposed inside the discharge chamber, comprising a conical surface; a first spray groove on the conical surface; and a second spray groove on the radial outer wall of the spraying element. When the conical surface blocks the discharge port, the spraying element sprays gas into the bottom of the fluidizing chamber through the first spray groove and into the side walls of the fluidizing chamber through the second spray groove. This invention utilizes a double-groove spraying element with a circulating airflow path to construct a three-dimensional fluidization field, combined with multi-nozzle atomization spraying at the top, resulting in uniform coating thickness and no missed spraying. The conical surface also functions as a sealing and guiding element. Precise cylinder lifting and positioning, reliable gear transmission, and a combination of rail groove fitting and elastic sealing structure ensure smooth, uninterrupted movement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizer coating technology, specifically a fertilizer coating device. Background Technology

[0002] Fertilizer coating involves wrapping a semi-permeable or insoluble film, such as sulfur, resin, or paraffin, around the surface of granular fertilizer. The film controls the slow release of nutrients through permeation, diffusion, or degradation, reducing leaching and volatilization and improving fertilizer utilization. Granular fertilizers such as urea and compound fertilizers are selected, and coating materials are chosen according to requirements. A coating solution or molten material is prepared. Molten sulfur or the coating solution is atomized through nozzles and sprayed evenly onto the surface of suspended granules, forming a continuous film layer. After cooling, the coated granules are sieved to remove agglomerates and defective products, yielding the coated fertilizer.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN108358698A discloses a segmented fluidized bed coating device, coating process, and coated green slow-release fertilizer. The coating device separates the coating section from the film-forming section based on existing fluidized bed coating processes. The coating section uses a fully enclosed Worcester fluidized bed with airflow circulation, operating at room temperature; the film-forming section uses a boiling fluidized bed, operating at high temperature, where solvent evaporation and drying of the coated particles take place. Pneumatic conveying is used between the coating and film-forming sections, reducing the probability and time of contact between particles, thereby reducing adhesion between coated particles. This device can improve coating uniformity and coating utilization rate, and reduce particle adhesion.

[0004] However, the spraying and cooling effects of the fluidized bed coating devices disclosed above are generally poor. During operation, they cannot efficiently spray the raw materials or cool down the coated fertilizer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fertilizer coating device to address the problems of mediocre spraying and cooling effects in existing fluidized bed coating devices, which cannot efficiently spray raw materials and cool the coated fertilizer during operation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a fertilizer coating device, comprising:

[0007] The fluidizing chamber has a discharge port at the bottom; the fluidizing chamber is used to provide a coating area.

[0008] A feeding hopper is located at the bottom of the fluidizing chamber, and at least part of the fluidizing chamber is located inside the feeding hopper;

[0009] A spraying element, rotatably disposed inside the feeding hopper, includes a conical surface; a first spraying groove is formed on the conical surface; a second spraying groove is formed on the radial outer wall of the spraying element; when the conical surface blocks the feeding port, the spraying element sprays gas into the bottom of the fluidizing hopper through the first spraying groove, and sprays gas into the side wall of the fluidizing hopper through the second spraying groove; when the conical surface moves downward away from the feeding port, the fertilizer coated inside the fluidizing hopper falls into the feeding hopper through the conical surface, and is cooled by the first and second spraying grooves.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the fluidizing chamber further includes an air outlet ring plate; the air outlet ring plate is disposed on the outer wall of the fluidizing chamber; a reflux section is formed between the feeding hopper and the fluidizing chamber; the reflux section is connected to the interior of the fluidizing chamber through the air outlet ring plate;

[0011] When the conical surface blocks the discharge port, the sprayer sprays gas onto the side wall of the fluidization chamber through the air outlet ring plate; when the conical surface moves downward away from the discharge port, the sprayer cools the fertilizer through the second spray groove and sprays gas onto the fertilizer attached to the side wall of the fluidization chamber through the air outlet ring plate.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: a supporting protrusion is provided on the bottom inner wall of the feeding hopper; a rubber sleeve is provided on the supporting protrusion, and the rubber sleeve abuts against the bottom of the spraying component; when the spraying component reciprocates in the vertical direction relative to the feeding hopper, the rubber sleeve always abuts against the bottom of the spraying component to improve the sealing performance.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a feeding section is formed between the supporting convex ring and the radial inner wall of the feeding bin; a plurality of feeding nozzles are provided on the feeding section, and feeding valves are provided on the feeding nozzles; a driving section is formed between the supporting convex ring and the bottom inner wall of the feeding bin, and the driving section is used to provide a place for driving the spraying component to rotate and lift.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a plurality of cylinders are installed on the bottom inner wall of the feeding hopper, and the output end of the cylinder is connected to a rotating ring; the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the bottom of the spraying component; when the cylinder drives the spraying component to be lifted, the spraying component rotates relative to the rotating ring.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: an air inlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the spraying component, the air inlet pipe passes through the feeding bin, and the air inlet pipe is used to supply air to the interior of the spraying component; a limit block is provided on the outer wall of the air inlet pipe; the fertilizer coating device further includes a linkage gear; the linkage gear is rotatably disposed on the bottom outer wall of the feeding bin, and a linkage cavity and a limit groove are opened in the middle of the linkage gear; the air inlet pipe is slidably disposed in the linkage cavity, and the limit block is slidably disposed in the limit groove; when the cylinder drives the spraying component to lift, the linkage gear is always linked and engaged with the air inlet pipe.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the air inlet pipe is connected to an external air supply device; the air outlet end of the air supply device is provided with an air outlet hose, and a connecting sleeve is rotatably provided at the end of the air outlet hose; the air inlet pipe is rotatably connected to the air outlet hose through the connecting sleeve.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a first mounting rail is provided on the rotating ring; a first mounting groove is provided at the bottom of the spraying component; the rotating ring is rotatably disposed in the first mounting groove via the first mounting rail; a second mounting rail is provided on the outer wall of the linkage gear facing the feeding bin, a second mounting groove is provided on the bottom outer wall of the feeding bin, and the linkage gear is rotatably disposed in the second mounting groove via the second mounting rail.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the fluidization chamber further includes a feeding pipe; the fertilizer coating device feeds the fertilizer to be coated into the fluidization chamber through the feeding pipe; the top of the fluidization chamber is provided with an arc-shaped part to guide the splashed fertilizer.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the fluidization chamber further includes a spray pipe; the spray pipe is located at the top of the fluidization chamber and is provided with multiple nozzles; the spray pipe is connected to an external liquid supply device; and an observation window is also provided on the outer wall of the fluidization chamber.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] This invention achieves highly efficient collaboration across the entire process of coating, cooling, and discharging through an integrated silo and multi-functional spraying components. The dual-groove spraying components, combined with a circulating airflow path, create a three-dimensional fluidization field, ensuring uniform tumbling of fertilizer granules. Combined with top-mounted multi-nozzle atomization spraying, the coating thickness is uniform and leak-proof, improving finished product quality. The conical surface serves both sealing and guiding functions, ensuring smooth discharge without material accumulation or clogging. Precise cylinder lifting and positioning, reliable gear transmission, and a combination of track groove fitting and elastic sealing structure ensure smooth, jam-free movement while isolating material and air interference, preventing wear and tear on drive components, and extending equipment lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0023] Figure 1 This is the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 2 This is the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fluidization chamber in this invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the feeding hopper and the spraying component in this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is the three-dimensional structure of the jetting component in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 7 This is the three-dimensional structure of the jetting component in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle component in this invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating ring in this invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the linkage gear in this invention.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1. Fluidized bed;

[0035] 101. Curved section; 102. Spray pipe; 103. Nozzle; 104. Feed pipe; 105. Observation window; 106. Air outlet ring plate; 107. Material outlet;

[0036] 2. Feeding hopper;

[0037] 201. Reflux section; 202. Feed nozzle; 203. Feed valve; 204. Support ring; 205. Feed section; 206. Drive section; 207. Rubber sleeve;

[0038] 3. Sprayed parts;

[0039] 301. Conical surface; 302. First injection groove; 303. Second injection groove; 304. Cylinder; 305. Rotating ring; 306. First mounting rail; 307. First mounting groove; 308. Intake pipe; 309. Connecting sleeve; 310. Limiting block; 311. Second mounting groove;

[0040] 4. Linkage gears;

[0041] 401. Linkage cavity; 402. Limiting groove; 403. Second mounting rail. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following will be combined with the appendix Figures 1 to 10 The technical solutions of the present invention have been clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0044] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] This invention provides a fertilizer coating device through improvements, such as... Figures 1-10 As shown, including;

[0047] Fluidization chamber 1 has a discharge port 107 at the bottom; fluidization chamber 1 is used to provide a coating area;

[0048] The feeding hopper 2 is located at the bottom of the fluidization hopper 1, and at least part of the fluidization hopper 1 is located inside the feeding hopper 2;

[0049] The spraying element 3 is rotatably disposed inside the feeding hopper 2, and includes a conical surface 301; a first spraying groove 302 is provided on the conical surface 301; a second spraying groove 303 is provided on the radial outer wall of the spraying element 3; when the conical surface 301 blocks the feeding port 107, the spraying element 3 sprays gas into the bottom of the fluidizing chamber 1 through the first spraying groove 302, and sprays gas into the side wall of the fluidizing chamber 1 through the second spraying groove 303; when the conical surface 301 moves downward away from the feeding port 107, the fertilizer coated inside the fluidizing chamber 1 falls into the feeding hopper 2 through the conical surface 301, and is cooled by the first spraying groove 302 and the second spraying groove 303.

[0050] The core of this fertilizer coating device consists of three main parts: a fluidization chamber 1, a feeding chamber 2, and an injection component 3. The fluidization chamber 1 has a feeding port 107 at its bottom, serving as a sealed coating operation chamber to provide space for fertilizer coating. The feeding chamber 2 is located directly below the fluidization chamber 1, with a portion of the fluidization chamber 1 nested inside the feeding chamber 2, forming a vertically connected, integrated chamber structure. The injection component 3 is rotatably mounted inside the feeding chamber 2, with a conical surface 301 at its top. A first injection groove 302 is formed in the area of ​​the conical surface 301, and a second injection groove 303 is formed on the radial outer wall of the injection component 3. Both grooves are connected to the internal air passage.

[0051] The device operates in two alternating modes: coating and cooling / discharging. In the coating mode, the spray nozzle 3 moves upwards, and the conical surface 301 tightly seals the discharge port 107 of the fluidized bed 1, creating a closed space. Gas is diverted through the internal gas path. The first spray nozzle 302 sprays air upwards towards the bottom of the fluidized bed 1, generating fluidization force that suspends and tumbles the fertilizer particles. The second spray nozzle 303 sprays air towards the side wall of the bed, assisting in creating a circulating flow field, which, in conjunction with the spraying components, completes the coating process. In the cooling / discharging mode, the spray nozzle 3 moves downwards, and the conical surface 301 disengages from the discharge port 107, opening the discharge channel. The coated fertilizer smoothly slides down the conical surface 301 into the discharge hopper 2. Simultaneously, the first and second spray nozzles continuously spray cold air, purging and cooling the falling fertilizer from all directions.

[0052] See appendix Figure 3 -Appendix Figure 4 The fluidization chamber 1 also includes an air outlet ring plate 106; the air outlet ring plate 106 is disposed on the outer wall of the fluidization chamber 1; a return flow section 201 is formed between the feeding bin 2 and the fluidization chamber 1; the return flow section 201 is connected to the interior of the fluidization chamber 1 through the air outlet ring plate 106.

[0053] When the conical surface 301 blocks the discharge port 107, the sprayer 3 sprays gas onto the side wall of the fluidization chamber 1 through the air outlet ring plate 106; when the conical surface 301 moves downward away from the discharge port 107, the sprayer 3 cools the fertilizer through the second spray groove 303, and sprays gas onto the fertilizer attached to the side wall of the fluidization chamber 1 through the air outlet ring plate 106.

[0054] In this embodiment: An annular air outlet plate 106 is fixed to the outer wall of the fluidization chamber 1, and the inside of the plate is provided with air guide holes to achieve the connection between the internal and external air paths. The feeding chamber 2 is nested and spliced ​​with the fluidization chamber 1, and the gap between the two forms a closed loop return section 201. One end of the return section 201 is connected to the air supply channel of the injection component 3, and the other end is connected to the inner cavity of the fluidization chamber 1 through the air outlet plate 106, forming a complete circulating air path.

[0055] In this embodiment: the conical surface 301 blocks the discharge port 107, and the inside of the chamber is in a sealed coating state. The airflow delivered by the spraying component 3 is split into two paths. One path flows upward through the first spraying groove 302 to form fluidization power, and the other path flows into the return section 201. It is directionally sprayed along the side wall of the fluidization chamber 1 through the air outlet ring plate 106. It forms a three-dimensional circulating field with the bottom fluidization airflow, which drives the fertilizer particles to tumble in all directions. With the top nozzle 103 atomizing the coating liquid, the particles are uniformly coated.

[0056] In this embodiment: the cylinder 304 drives the spraying element 3 to move downward, the conical surface 301 disengages from the discharge port 107, and the coated fertilizer slides down along the conical surface 301. At this time, the spraying element 3 supplies air continuously, and the second spraying groove 303 sprays cold air directly onto the falling fertilizer to quickly cool it down. At the same time, the airflow continuously passes through the return section 201 and the air outlet ring plate 106 and sprays towards the silo wall, using high-pressure airflow to blow away the residual fertilizer adhering to the side wall and prevent the material from accumulating and clumping.

[0057] See appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 5 A support ring 204 is provided on the bottom inner wall of the feeding bin 2; a rubber sleeve 207 is provided on the support ring 204, and the rubber sleeve 207 abuts against the bottom of the spraying part 3; when the spraying part 3 reciprocates in the vertical direction relative to the feeding bin 2, the rubber sleeve 207 always abuts against the bottom of the spraying part 3 to improve the airtightness.

[0058] In this embodiment: The bottom inner wall of the feeding bin 2 is provided with a support protrusion ring 204 as an annular support base. An elastic rubber sleeve 207 is installed on the support protrusion ring 204. The rubber sleeve 207 forms an axial abutment fit with the bottom end face of the spraying part 3. This structure cooperates with the lifting movement of the spraying part 3, the circulating air path of the return part 201, and the power space of the drive part 206 to form a sealed separation structure.

[0059] In this embodiment: the support ring 204 fixes the installation position of the rubber sleeve 207. The rubber sleeve 207 relies on its own elastic deformation ability to always be in close contact with the bottom of the spraying part 3 when the spraying part 3 is driven by the cylinder 304 to perform vertical reciprocating motion, dynamically compensating for the axial fit clearance and preventing gas leakage and material from entering the driving area.

[0060] See appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 5 A feeding section 205 is formed between the supporting convex ring 204 and the radial inner wall of the feeding bin 2; a plurality of feeding nozzles 202 are provided on the feeding section 205, and feeding valves 203 are provided on the feeding nozzles 202; a driving section 206 is formed between the supporting convex ring 204 and the bottom inner wall of the feeding bin 2, and the driving section 206 is used to provide a place for driving the spraying component 3 to rotate and lift.

[0061] In this embodiment: the material feeding bin 2 is divided into sections based on the supporting protruding ring 204 inside the material feeding bin 2. The protruding ring and the inner wall of the bin form an annular feeding section 205. Multiple sets of feeding nozzles 202 are arranged circumferentially in the feeding section 205, and each set of nozzles is equipped with an independent feeding valve 203.

[0062] During the coating operation, the discharge valve 203 closes and seals the discharge nozzle 202. The drive unit 206, as a sealed and independent space, provides an interference-free operating environment for the lifting of the cylinder 304 and the rotation of the spraying component 3. Combined with the sealing of the rubber sleeve 207, it completely isolates the material path, air path, and drive mechanism. During the cooling and discharge stage, the discharge valve 203 opens, and the coated fertilizer is collected by the discharge unit 205 and evenly discharged through multiple discharge nozzles 202. The drive unit 206 remains closed, ensuring the normal operation of the drive components.

[0063] See appendix Figure 5 -Appendix Figure 9 Multiple cylinders 304 are installed on the bottom inner wall of the feeding hopper 2. The output end of the cylinder 304 is connected to a rotating ring 305. The rotating ring 305 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the spraying component 3. When the cylinder 304 drives the spraying component 3 to be lifted, the spraying component 3 rotates relative to the rotating ring 305.

[0064] In this embodiment, multiple cylinders 304 are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the feeding hopper 2 and the inner circumference of the drive unit 206. The output end of the cylinders 304 is connected to a rotating ring 305. The rotating ring 305 rotates by engaging with the first mounting groove 307 at the bottom of the spraying component 3 via the first mounting rail 306. Together with the supporting convex ring 204, the sealing structure of the rubber sleeve 207, and the transmission structure of the air inlet pipe 308 and the linkage gear 4, it constitutes a dual-power assembly for lifting and rotating.

[0065] The cylinder 304 lifts synchronously, causing the rotating ring 305 and the spraying component 3 to move upward, so that the conical surface 301 blocks the discharge port 107 of the fluidization chamber 1, forming a sealed coating cavity. At this time, the linkage gear 4 drives the spraying component 3 to rotate through the limit block 310 and the air inlet pipe 308. The spraying component can rotate independently relative to the rotating ring 305, which does not affect the cylinder lifting and positioning, and can cooperate with the first and second spraying slots and the air outlet ring plate 106 to form a circulating fluidization field, ensuring uniform spraying of particles.

[0066] In this embodiment: when the cylinder 304 retracts synchronously, it drives the spray element 3 to move downward, and the conical surface 301 disengages from the discharge port 107, opening the discharge channel. The rotating ring 305 moves synchronously with the cylinder, still maintaining rotational cooperation with the spray element 3. The spray element continues to rotate, cooperating with the second spray groove and the air outlet ring plate 106 to achieve cooling and purging. The lifting and lowering action does not interfere with the rotational air supply, and the airflow is stable throughout the process.

[0067] See appendix Figure 5 -Appendix Figure 8The bottom of the spraying component 3 is provided with an air inlet pipe 308, which passes through the feeding bin 2 and is used to supply air to the interior of the spraying component 3. A limit block 310 is provided on the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 308. The fertilizer coating device also includes a linkage gear 4. The linkage gear 4 is rotatably mounted on the bottom outer wall of the feeding bin 2. A linkage cavity 401 and a limit groove 402 are opened in the middle of the linkage gear 4. The air inlet pipe 308 is slidably mounted in the linkage cavity 401, and the limit block 310 is slidably mounted in the limit groove 402. When the cylinder 304 drives the spraying component 3 to lift, the linkage gear 4 is always linked and engaged with the air inlet pipe 308.

[0068] In this embodiment: the bottom of the spray component 3 is coaxially fixed with an air inlet pipe 308, which vertically penetrates the bottom of the feeding bin 2 and is connected to an external air supply device, responsible for supplying fluidizing and cooling gas to the inside of the spray component. A limiting block 310 protrudes radially from the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 308. The device is equipped with a linkage gear 4, which is rotatably mounted on the bottom outer wall of the feeding bin 2. A linkage cavity 401 and a matching limiting groove 402 are opened in the middle of the gear. The air inlet pipe 308 is clearance-fitted into the linkage cavity 401, and the limiting block 310 is slidably engaged in the limiting groove 402, forming a composite fit structure of sliding and linkage.

[0069] In this embodiment, when the cylinder 304 drives the injector 3 and the intake pipe 308 to perform a vertical reciprocating lifting motion, the limiting block 310 slides axially along the limiting groove 402 and never disengages from the groove. The linkage gear 4 receives external rotational power and transmits torque to the intake pipe 308 through the circumferential engagement of the limiting groove 402 and the limiting block 310, thereby driving the injector 3 to rotate synchronously. This structure achieves complete decoupling between the axial lifting freedom and the circumferential rotation torque transmission. Even if the injector is at any position within the lifting stroke, the linkage gear 4 can maintain stable linkage engagement with the intake pipe 308, and the air supply channel is not disturbed by the lifting and rotation movements.

[0070] In this embodiment, the linkage gear 4 serves as a rotary power terminal component. Its outer teeth mesh with external power sources, such as motors and reduction gear sets, to achieve directional power input. Together with the linkage cavity 401, the limiting groove 402, the limiting block 310, and the air intake pipe 308, it forms a complete transmission link.

[0071] See appendix Figure 5 -Appendix Figure 8 The air inlet pipe 308 is connected to an external air supply device; the air outlet end of the air supply device is equipped with an air outlet hose, and the end of the air outlet hose is rotatably equipped with a connecting sleeve 309; the air inlet pipe 308 is rotatably connected to the air outlet hose through the connecting sleeve 309.

[0072] In this embodiment: the air inlet pipe 308 is connected to an external air supply device, the air outlet end of the air supply device is provided with a flexible air outlet hose, and the end of the hose is rotatably installed with a connecting sleeve 309. The air inlet pipe 308 and the connecting sleeve 309 are rotatably engaged to form a dynamic rotating air supply connector.

[0073] The exhaust hose adapts to the vertical reciprocating motion of the intake pipe 308 through its own flexible deformation. The connecting sleeve 309 realizes the relative rotation between the intake pipe 308 and the exhaust hose, while maintaining the air passage sealed and connected. When the injection component 3 rotates and rises and falls, the air supply channel is always unobstructed.

[0074] See appendix Figure 5 -Appendix Figure 9 A first mounting rail 306 is provided on the rotating ring 305; a first mounting groove 307 is provided at the bottom of the spraying component 3; the rotating ring 305 is rotatably mounted in the first mounting groove 307 via the first mounting rail 306; a second mounting rail 403 is provided on the outer wall of the linkage gear 4 facing the material hopper 2; a second mounting groove 311 is provided on the bottom outer wall of the material hopper 2; the linkage gear 4 is rotatably mounted in the second mounting groove 311 via the second mounting rail 403.

[0075] In this embodiment: This part includes two sets of matching rail groove rotating pairs. One is an annular first mounting rail 306 integrally formed on the top surface of the rotating ring 305, and an annular first mounting groove 307 correspondingly opened at the bottom of the spraying part 3. The first mounting rail 306 is embedded in the first mounting groove 307 to form a rotational fit.

[0076] Secondly, the linkage gear 4 is integrally formed with an annular second mounting rail 403 on the side wall of the feeding bin 2, and an annular second mounting groove 311 is opened on the bottom outer wall of the feeding bin 2. The second mounting rail 403 is engaged in the second mounting groove 311 to realize the rotational installation of the linkage gear 4.

[0077] In this embodiment, the first mounting rail 306 and the first mounting groove 307 are engaged in a ring-shaped fit, which not only bears the axial lifting force of the cylinder 304 and drives the injection component 3 to rise and fall synchronously, but also allows the injection component 3 to rotate autonomously relative to the rotating ring 305 under the drive of the linkage gear 4 and the air intake pipe 308, thereby decoupling the lifting and rotation actions.

[0078] The second mounting rail 403 engages and limits the second mounting groove 311, restricting the axial and radial displacement of the linkage gear 4, while retaining only the circumferential rotational degree of freedom. This ensures that the meshing transmission between the linkage gear 4 and the external power source and the intake pipe 308 is precise and stable, without any lateral movement or deviation.

[0079] See appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 2The fluidization chamber 1 also includes a feeding pipe 104; the fertilizer coating device feeds the fertilizer to be coated into the fluidization chamber 1 through the feeding pipe 104; the top of the fluidization chamber 1 is provided with an arc-shaped part 101 to guide the splashed fertilizer.

[0080] In this embodiment: the fluidization chamber 1 is equipped with a dedicated feeding pipe 104, which runs through the chamber body and connects to the internal fluidization area, serving as a directional feeding channel for the fertilizer to be coated. The top of the fluidization chamber 1 has an integrally formed arc-shaped part 101, which adopts a smooth and continuous arc-shaped surface structure, without sharp corners or dead angles, and covers the entire top area of ​​the chamber.

[0081] In this embodiment: During the feeding stage, the fertilizer to be coated is precisely conveyed to the central area of ​​the fluidization chamber 1 through the feeding pipe 104, avoiding material spillage and overflow, and realizing closed-loop quantitative feeding. During the coating operation, fertilizer particles are impacted by the bottom airflow and splash upwards. The arc-shaped part 101 uses the arc guiding characteristics to change the trajectory of the particles and bounce the splashed particles back into the fluidization field inside the chamber, preventing particles from sticking to the top of the chamber and accumulating in dead corners.

[0082] See appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 3 The fluidization chamber 1 also includes a spray pipe 102; the spray pipe 102 is located at the top of the fluidization chamber 1, and multiple nozzles 103 are provided on the spray pipe 102; the spray pipe 102 is connected to an external liquid supply device; an observation window 105 is also provided on the outer wall of the fluidization chamber 1.

[0083] In this embodiment: a spray pipe 102 is built into the top of the fluidization chamber 1. The pipe is arranged horizontally or in a ring along the chamber body, and multiple atomizing nozzles 103 are evenly arranged on the pipe body. The spray pipe 102 is connected to a liquid supply device to form a closed-loop coating liquid delivery system. A sealed observation window 105 is embedded in the outer wall of the fluidization chamber 1. It is made of transparent and pressure-resistant material and is seamlessly spliced ​​with the chamber body without compromising the internal airtightness.

[0084] An external liquid supply device pressurizes and delivers the coating liquid into the spray pipe 102, which is atomized into fine droplets through multiple nozzles 103 and sprayed vertically from top to bottom onto the surface of the fertilizer granules suspended and tumbling below, achieving all-round coating. Operators can directly observe the working conditions inside the chamber in real time through the observation window 105, and intuitively check the fluidization state of the granules, the atomization effect of the nozzles, the coating thickness, and whether there is any blockage or adhesion to the walls.

[0085] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and inventive features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A fertilizer coating device, characterized in that, include: The fluidization chamber (1) has a discharge port (107) at the bottom; the fluidization chamber (1) is used to provide a coating site; A feeding hopper (2) is located at the bottom of the fluidizing hopper (1), and at least part of the fluidizing hopper (1) is located inside the feeding hopper (2); The spraying element (3) is rotatably disposed inside the feeding hopper (2) and includes a conical surface (301); a first spraying groove (302) is provided on the conical surface (301); a second spraying groove (303) is provided on the radial outer wall of the spraying element (3); when the conical surface (301) blocks the feeding port (107), the spraying element (3) sprays gas into the bottom of the fluidizing hopper (1) through the first spraying groove (302) and sprays gas into the side wall of the fluidizing hopper (1) through the second spraying groove (303); when the conical surface (301) moves downward away from the feeding port (107), the fertilizer coated inside the fluidizing hopper (1) falls into the feeding hopper (2) through the conical surface (301) and is cooled by the first spraying groove (302) and the second spraying groove (303).

2. The fertilizer coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluidization chamber (1) also includes an air outlet ring plate (106); The air outlet ring plate (106) is disposed on the outer wall of the fluidizing chamber (1); a return flow section (201) is formed between the feeding chamber (2) and the fluidizing chamber (1); the return flow section (201) is connected to the interior of the fluidizing chamber (1) through the air outlet ring plate (106); When the conical surface (301) blocks the discharge port (107), the spraying element (3) sprays gas onto the side wall of the fluidization chamber (1) through the air outlet ring plate (106); when the conical surface (301) moves downward away from the discharge port (107), the spraying element (3) cools the fertilizer through the second spray groove (303) and sprays gas onto the fertilizer attached to the side wall of the fluidization chamber (1) through the air outlet ring plate (106).

3. The fertilizer coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support protrusion ring (204) is provided on the bottom inner wall of the feeding bin (2). A rubber sleeve (207) is provided on the supporting protruding ring (204), and the rubber sleeve (207) abuts against the bottom of the spraying component (3); when the spraying component (3) reciprocates in the vertical direction relative to the feeding bin (2), the rubber sleeve (207) always abuts against the bottom of the spraying component (3) to improve the airtightness.

4. A fertilizer coating device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supporting protruding ring (204) forms a feeding part (205) between the radial inner wall of the feeding bin (2). The feeding section (205) is provided with a plurality of feeding nozzles (202), and the feeding nozzles (202) are provided with feeding valves (203); a driving section (206) is formed between the supporting convex ring (204) and the bottom inner wall of the feeding bin (2), and the driving section (206) is used to provide a place for driving the spraying part (3) to rotate and lift.

5. A fertilizer coating device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Multiple cylinders (304) are installed on the bottom inner wall of the feeding bin (2), and the output end of the cylinder (304) is connected to a rotating ring (305). The rotating ring (305) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the spray member (3); when the cylinder (304) drives the spray member (3) to be lifted, the spray member (3) rotates relative to the rotating ring (305).

6. A fertilizer coating device according to claim 5, characterized in that, An air inlet pipe (308) is provided at the bottom of the spraying component (3), the air inlet pipe (308) passes through the feeding bin (2), and the air inlet pipe (308) is used to supply air to the interior of the spraying component (3); The outer wall of the air inlet pipe (308) is provided with a limiting block (310); the fertilizer coating device also includes a linkage gear (4); the linkage gear (4) is rotatably disposed on the bottom outer wall of the feeding bin (2), and the linkage gear (4) has a linkage cavity (401) and a limiting groove (402) in the middle; the air inlet pipe (308) is slidably disposed in the linkage cavity (401), and the limiting block (310) is slidably disposed in the limiting groove (402); When the cylinder (304) drives the injection component (3) to lift, the linkage gear (4) is always engaged with the air intake pipe (308).

7. A fertilizer coating device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air intake pipe (308) is connected to an external air supply device; The gas supply device is provided with a gas outlet hose at the gas outlet end, and a connecting sleeve (309) is rotatably provided at the end of the gas outlet hose; the gas inlet pipe (308) is rotatably connected to the gas outlet hose through the connecting sleeve (309).

8. A fertilizer coating device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating ring (305) is provided with a first mounting rail (306); the bottom of the spraying component (3) is provided with a first mounting groove (307); the rotating ring (305) is rotatably mounted in the first mounting groove (307) via the first mounting rail (306); And / or, the linkage gear (4) is provided with a second mounting rail (403) on the outer wall facing the feeding bin (2), and a second mounting groove (311) is provided on the bottom outer wall of the feeding bin (2). The linkage gear (4) is rotatably mounted in the second mounting groove (311) through the second mounting rail (403).

9. A fertilizer coating device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The fluidization chamber (1) also includes a feeding pipe (104); the fertilizer coating device feeds the fertilizer to be coated into the fluidization chamber (1) through the feeding pipe (104); And / or, the top of the fluidization chamber (1) is provided with an arc-shaped portion (101) to guide the splashed fertilizer.

10. A fertilizer coating device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The fluidization chamber (1) also includes a spray pipe (102); the spray pipe (102) is located at the top of the fluidization chamber (1), and a plurality of nozzles (103) are provided on the spray pipe (102); the spray pipe (102) is connected to an external liquid supply device; And / or, an observation window (105) is also provided on the outer wall of the fluidization chamber (1).

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