Water electrolysis hydrogen production system

Abstract

The invention discloses a water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises an electrolytic cell, the electrolytic cell comprises a first exhaust port, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system further comprises a dynamic pressure regulating structure and a gas-liquid separation structure, and the dynamic pressure regulating structure is in sealed connection with the gas-liquid separation structure; the dynamic pressure regulating structure and the gas-liquid separation structure are communicated with a first exhaust port of the electrolytic bath; the dynamic pressure regulating structure is used for performing dynamic pressure relief on the electrolytic cell; the gas-liquid separation structure comprises a structure main body, a multi-stage separator arranged in the structure main body, a second exhaust port formed in the upper end of the structure main body and a liquid discharge port formed in the lower end of the structure main body; the multi-stage separator is used for receiving a gas-liquid mixture conveyed by the electrolytic bath and condensing liquid in the gas-liquid mixture; the second exhaust port is used for exhausting gas separated by the multi-stage separator; and the liquid outlet is used for discharging liquid condensed by the multi-stage separator. According to the safety protection mechanism, multi-stage pressure relief is performed on the electrolytic cell, and the safety of the electrolytic cell can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a water electrolysis hydrogen production system. Background Technology

[0002] For high-pressure electrolyzers in water electrolysis hydrogen production systems, pressure relief valves are typically installed to mitigate high-pressure risks. On one hand, existing pressure relief valves generally operate based on a single pressure threshold; that is, they open to release pressure when the electrolyzer pressure exceeds a certain threshold. However, in situations where the pressure inside the electrolyzer rises sharply, these existing valves may not release pressure in a timely manner, posing a safety hazard. On the other hand, for water electrolysis hydrogen production systems, the pressure relief process can lead to the simultaneous discharge of gas and liquid, resulting in the waste of reactants. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, particularly a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a safety protection mechanism. The safety protection mechanism of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, through the cooperation of a dynamic pressure regulating structure and a gas-liquid separation structure, can not only dynamically adjust the pressure in the electrolyzer and eliminate the safety hazards of the electrolyzer, but also realize gas-liquid separation and recover reactants.

[0004] Specifically, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, including an electrolyzer, the electrolyzer including a first exhaust port, and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system further including a safety protection mechanism, the safety protection mechanism including a dynamic pressure regulating structure and a gas-liquid separation structure, wherein... The dynamic pressure regulating structure is sealed to the gas-liquid separation structure; The dynamic pressure regulating structure and the gas-liquid separation structure are connected to the first exhaust port of the electrolytic cell; The dynamic pressure regulating structure is used to dynamically depressurize the electrolytic cell; The gas-liquid separation structure includes: a main body, a multi-stage separator disposed within the main body, a second exhaust port disposed at the upper end of the main body, and a liquid discharge port disposed at the lower end of the main body; The multi-stage separator is used to receive the gas-liquid mixture conveyed by the electrolytic cell and to condense the liquid in the gas-liquid mixture; The second exhaust port is used to discharge the gas separated by the multi-stage separator; The drain port is used to discharge the liquid condensed by the multi-stage separator.

[0005] Optionally, the safety protection mechanism further includes: a short section having three communication ports; The dynamic pressure regulating structure includes: a pressure relief body and a first air inlet; The gas-liquid separation structure includes: a second air inlet; The first air inlet, the second air inlet, and the first exhaust outlet are respectively sealed and connected to the three connecting ports of the short section.

[0006] Optionally, the dynamic pressure regulating structure includes: a pressure relief body and a first air inlet; The gas-liquid separation structure includes: a second air inlet; The second air inlet is sealed to the first exhaust outlet; The second exhaust port is sealed to the first air inlet.

[0007] Optionally, the dynamic pressure regulating structure further includes: an elastic preload element and a sealing cap, wherein, The elastic preload is embedded in the pressure relief body, and one end of it is fixedly connected to the pressure relief body; The sealing cap covers the pressure relief vent of the pressure relief body; The compression of the elastic preload changes dynamically according to the pressure change within the pressure relief body, thereby adjusting the opening degree of the sealing cover.

[0008] Optionally, the dynamic pressure regulating structure further includes: a pressure regulating structure disposed on the sealing cover; The pressure regulating structure is used to adjust the opening pressure of the sealing cover.

[0009] Optionally, the dynamic pressure regulating structure further includes: a manual adjustment structure disposed on the sealing cover. The manual adjustment mechanism allows the user to open the sealing cover.

[0010] The elastic preload includes: a spring and a guide rod extending axially along the spring; One end of the spring is fixed to the end of the pressure relief body near the first air inlet, or one end of the spring is fixed to the short section connected to the pressure relief body; the other end of the spring is fixed to the sealing cover. One end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the spring, and the other end of the guide rod extends out of the sealing cover and is connected to the manual adjustment structure.

[0011] Optionally, the manual adjustment structure includes: an n-shaped fixing bracket, an adjusting rod, and an adjusting handle disposed above the sealing cover, wherein, The two ends of the n-type fixing bracket are respectively located on both sides of the top of the sealing cover in a radial direction; The guide rod passes through the adjusting rod; One end of the adjusting rod is rotatably connected to one side of the n-type fixed bracket, and one end of the adjusting handle is rotatably connected to the other side of the n-type fixed bracket. The rotatable connection position of the other side of the n-type fixed bracket is lower than the rotatable connection position of one side of the n-type fixed bracket. The other end of the adjusting rod extends out from the other side of the n-shaped fixed bracket and abuts against the adjusting handle.

[0012] Optionally, the safety protection mechanism further includes: a primary pressure regulating component, wherein, The primary pressure regulating component is disposed between the first exhaust port of the electrolytic cell and the dynamic pressure regulating structure; The primary voltage regulator works in conjunction with the dynamic voltage regulator structure to provide multi-stage pressure relief for the electrolytic cell.

[0013] Optionally, the primary pressure regulating element is a single-layer pressure relief film layer; The single-layer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first exhaust port, and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first exhaust port.

[0014] Optionally, the single-layer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first air inlet of the dynamic pressure regulating structure, and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first air inlet.

[0015] Optionally, the primary pressure regulating component is a multi-layered pressure relief membrane layer, with the multiple pressure relief membrane layers spaced apart. Each layer of the multi-layer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first exhaust port, and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first exhaust port.

[0016] Optionally, each layer of the multi-layer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first air inlet of the dynamic pressure regulating structure, and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first air inlet.

[0017] Optionally, the top of the main structure is a hemispherical head.

[0018] Optionally, the multi-stage separator includes: a perforated plate with guide holes arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the main structure, wherein, The outer periphery of the perforated plate abuts against the inner wall of the main structure.

[0019] Optionally, the inner sidewall of the main structure is provided with fasteners arranged at intervals in both the circumferential and axial directions; The perforated plate is engaged with the fixing component.

[0020] Optionally, the multi-stage separator further includes: a combined separator with distributed guide holes disposed within the main body of the structure; The combined separator corresponds to the second air inlet of the gas-liquid separation structure and / or the second exhaust port of the main body of the structure. The upper and lower ends of the combined separator abut against their corresponding perforated plates or are connected to the side walls of the main structure, respectively.

[0021] Optionally, the combined separator includes: an upper support plate, a lower support plate, and a plurality of separation blades with guide holes distributed thereon; The plurality of the separating blades are arranged at intervals between the upper support plate and the lower support plate; The lower ends of the plurality of separating blades are detachably connected to the lower support plate; The upper ends of the plurality of separating blades are detachably connected to the upper support plate.

[0022] Optionally, the separating blade includes: a first arc surface and a second arc surface with guide holes distributed thereon, and two engaging surfaces, wherein, The two engagement surfaces are respectively located on both sides of the arcuate direction of the first arcuate surface; One side of the second arc surface is located on the outer side of the first arc surface, and the other side of the second arc surface is away from the outer side of the first arc surface.

[0023] Optionally, the arc length of the second arc surface is greater than or equal to one-quarter of the arc length of the first arc surface and less than or equal to one-third of the arc length of the first arc surface.

[0024] Optionally, one side of the second arc surface is located within one-quarter to one-third of the arc direction of the outer side of the first arc surface.

[0025] Optionally, the other side of the arcuate direction of the second arcuate surface corresponds to the region of one-half to two-thirds of the arcuate direction of the outer side of the first arcuate surface.

[0026] Optionally, the first arc surface is a hollow structure. Preferably, the first arc surface of the hollow structure is formed by splicing together multiple guide plates with guide holes.

[0027] Optionally, the separating blades may also have protruding structures.

[0028] Optionally, the combined separator further includes: an upper locking device fixed to the upper support plate and a lower locking device fixed to the lower support plate, wherein, The upper locking device corresponds to the lower locking device; The upper locking device engages with the upper ends of the plurality of separating blades; The lower locking device engages the lower ends of the multiple separating blades.

[0029] Optionally, the first exhaust port is the main exhaust port of the electrolytic cell or the pressure relief port of the electrolytic cell.

[0030] The technical solution of the first aspect of the above invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a safety protection mechanism connected to the first exhaust port of the electrolyzer, comprising a dynamic pressure regulating structure and a gas-liquid separation structure. Through the cooperation of the dynamic pressure regulating structure and the gas-liquid separation structure, not only can the pressure of the electrolyzer be dynamically adjusted, but the gas-liquid separation structure can also be used for pressure relief. Combined with the dynamic pressure regulating structure, multi-stage pressure relief is achieved, allowing for rapid pressure equalization even if the pressure inside the electrolyzer rises sharply, effectively addressing potential safety hazards. Furthermore, the multi-stage separator of the gas-liquid separation structure utilizes the differential density and viscosity characteristics of gas and liquid to achieve gas-liquid separation and recover reactants. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the relative positional relationship between the safety protection mechanism and the electrolytic cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a safety protection mechanism provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separation structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the perforated plate in the gas-liquid separation structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separating blade provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separating blade provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic voltage regulation structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the elastic preload member, the pressure adjustment structure, and the manual adjustment structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a corresponding embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of aa in the diagram; Figure 10 This is a corresponding embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the bb cross-sectional structure.

[0032] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 10-Dynamic pressure regulating structure; 11-Pressure relief body; 111-Pressure relief exhaust port; 12-First air inlet; 13-Elastic pre-tightening element; 131-Spring; 132-Guide rod; 14-Sealing cover; 15-Pressure regulating structure; 151-Main pressure regulating structure; 152-Micro pressure regulating structure; 16-Manual adjustment structure; 161-N-type fixed bracket; 162-Adjusting rod; 163-Adjusting handle; 20-Gas-liquid separation structure; 21-Structural body; 211-Hemispherical end cap; 22-Multi-stage separation Separator; 221-Perforated plate; 222-Combined separator; 2221-Upper support plate; 2222-Lower support plate; 2223-Separation blade; 22231-First arc surface; 22232-Second arc surface; 22233-Matching surface; 22234-Protruding structure; 2224-Upper locking device; 2225-Lower locking device; 23-Second exhaust port; 24-Drain port; 25-Second air inlet; 50-Short section; 100-Electrolytic cell; 101-First exhaust port; A-Guide plate; B-Cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The electrolyzers used in water electrolysis hydrogen production systems are typically high-pressure gas-producing electrolyzers. During the water electrolysis hydrogen production process, the accumulation of gas within the electrolyzer can easily lead to excessively high pressure, posing a safety hazard. Therefore, safety valves are required to release pressure when the pressure inside the electrolyzer becomes too high. Currently, in megawatt-level high-pressure electrolyzers, the dynamic coupling between the chemical reactions in the anode and cathode chambers and the alkali circulation system significantly increases the risk of high-pressure explosion. Currently, pressure management in water electrolysis hydrogen production systems largely relies on indirect pressure management through power control. On the one hand, existing pressure relief methods rely on slow-release rather than emergency pressure relief; on the other hand, the inherent hysteresis of electrochemical reactions, coupled with the lack of a coordinated protection mechanism with the physical structure of the electrolysis chamber, results in a delay in pressure relief, failing to meet the need for rapid pressure relief. Furthermore, in the two-phase flow medium (gas phase and liquid phase) of water electrolysis hydrogen production, gas-liquid separation is not achieved during the pressure relief process. The directly ejected hydrogen or oxygen will carry a large amount of alkaline solution, which not only leads to waste of reaction liquid, but also causes equipment corrosion and short circuits due to alkaline splashing, and can easily ignite hydrogen and cause an explosion. Therefore, the high-pressure electrolyzers in existing water electrolysis hydrogen production systems suffer from problems such as limited pressure relief response speed and low gas-liquid separation efficiency.

[0034] To address the aforementioned problems with high-pressure electrolyzers in existing water electrolysis hydrogen production systems, this invention provides a water electrolysis hydrogen production system equipped with a safety protection mechanism.

[0035] The connection between the two structures involved in the embodiments of the present invention generally refers to the ability of gas to enter from one structure to another. This connection can be a direct connection between the two structures, or it can be achieved by setting other structures between the two structures.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positional relationship between the safety protection mechanism and the electrolytic cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the structure of the safety protection mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the structure of the gas-liquid separation structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the structure of the perforated plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The following are schematic diagrams of the structure of the separating blades provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the dynamic voltage regulation structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes an electrolyzer 100, and the electrolyzer 100 includes a first exhaust port 101. Additionally, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes a safety protection mechanism. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a safety protection mechanism that may include: a dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and a gas-liquid separation structure 20, wherein the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20 are sealed together; the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20 are connected to the first exhaust port 101 of the electrolyzer 100; the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 is used to dynamically depressurize the electrolyzer 100; the gas-liquid separation structure 20 may include: a structural body 21, a multi-stage separator 22 disposed within the structural body 21, a second exhaust port 23 disposed at the upper end of the structural body 21, and a liquid discharge port 24 disposed at the lower end of the structural body 21; the multi-stage separator 22 is used to receive the gas-liquid mixture transported by the electrolyzer 100 and condense the liquid in the gas-liquid mixture; the second exhaust port 23 is used to discharge the gas separated by the multi-stage separator 22; and the liquid discharge port 24 is used to discharge the liquid condensed by the multi-stage separator 22.

[0039] It is worth noting that there can be multiple connection relationships between the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10, the gas-liquid separation structure 20, and the electrolytic cell 100. Specifically, the first connection relationship is that both the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20 are connected to the first exhaust port 101 of the electrolytic cell 100; the second connection relationship is that the second air inlet 25 of the gas-liquid separation structure 20 is sealed to the first exhaust port 101 of the electrolytic cell 100, and the first air inlet 12 of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 is sealed to the second exhaust port 23 of the gas-liquid separation structure 20. That is, the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 includes: a pressure relief body 11 and a first air inlet 12; the gas-liquid separation structure 20 includes: a second air inlet 25; the second air inlet 25 is sealed to the first exhaust port 101; and the second exhaust port 23 is sealed to the first air inlet 12.

[0040] Regarding the first type of connection relationship between the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10, the gas-liquid separation structure 20, and the electrolytic cell 100, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the safety protection mechanism may further include: a short section 50 with three connecting ports; a dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 including: a pressure relief body 11 and a first air inlet 12; a gas-liquid separation structure 20 including: a second air inlet 25; the first air inlet 12, the second air inlet 25, and the first exhaust port 101 are respectively sealed and connected to the three connecting ports of the short section 50. It is understood that... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diagram only illustrates one possible relative positional relationship between the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20 and the short section 50. The connection positions between the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the short section 50, and between the gas-liquid separation structure 20 and the short section 50, can be interchanged. By adding the short section 50, the reliability and sealing of the connection between the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20 and the electrolytic cell 100 can be ensured.

[0041] Additionally, the first exhaust port 101 of the electrolytic cell 100 can be an exhaust port for collecting hydrogen or oxygen, or a safety exhaust port for installing a pressure relief valve / safety valve. For the first connection relationship between the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10, the gas-liquid separation structure 20, and the electrolytic cell 100, the first exhaust port 101 connecting the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20 can be a safety exhaust port or an exhaust port for collecting gas. For the second connection relationship between the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10, the gas-liquid separation structure 20, and the electrolytic cell 100, the first exhaust port 101 connecting the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20 is generally a safety exhaust port.

[0042] The dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 involved in the embodiments of the present invention dynamically relieves pressure, which generally means that the user can dynamically adjust the pressure relief threshold of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 according to the needs, so as to meet the different pressures of different electrolytic cells 100.

[0043] It should be noted that the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 only starts to release pressure after the pressure inside the electrolytic cell 100 reaches the pressure relief threshold of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10. The gas-liquid separation structure 20, on the other hand, performs gas-liquid separation on the gas discharged from the first exhaust port 101 as soon as gas is discharged. Thus, the gas-liquid separation structure 20 can also release pressure while performing gas-liquid separation, reducing the pressure accumulation inside the electrolytic cell 100 and preventing the pressure inside the electrolytic cell 100 from rising suddenly. In addition, the gas-liquid separation structure 20 can also assist the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 in releasing pressure, achieving multi-stage pressure relief.

[0044] In addition, the drain port 24 can be equipped with a handle for adjusting the liquid flow rate. It supports multiple modes of operation, including manual knob, mechanical linkage or solenoid valve drive, and can adjust the liquid discharge rate as needed to avoid pressure oscillation and equipment impact caused by instantaneous discharge.

[0045] The water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided in this embodiment of the invention, through the cooperation of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20 included in the safety protection mechanism, can not only dynamically adjust the pressure of the electrolyzer 100, but the gas-liquid separation structure 20 can also be used as a pressure relief mechanism. Combined with the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10, it achieves multi-stage pressure relief, so even if the pressure inside the electrolyzer 100 rises sharply, the pressure inside the electrolyzer 100 can be quickly equalized, effectively solving the safety hazards of the electrolyzer 100. Furthermore, through the multi-stage separator 22 of the gas-liquid separation structure 20, gas-liquid separation is achieved by utilizing the differential density and viscosity characteristics of gas and liquid, allowing for the recovery of reactants.

[0046] In addition, this safety protection mechanism can effectively improve the overall pressure resistance and service life of the electrolytic cell. Furthermore, the aforementioned safety protection mechanism also has advantages such as compact structure and long maintenance-free period.

[0047] Furthermore, to further achieve stepped pressure relief of the safety protection mechanism, prevent the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20 from being subjected to instantaneous high-pressure impacts, and extend the service life of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20, the aforementioned safety protection mechanism may also include: a primary pressure regulating component (not shown in the figure), wherein the primary pressure regulating component is disposed between the first exhaust port 101 of the electrolytic cell 100 and the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10; the primary pressure regulating component cooperates with the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 to perform multi-stage pressure relief of the electrolytic cell 100. After the pressure in the electrolytic cell 100 reaches a certain pressure threshold, the primary pressure regulating component ruptures, allowing gas to enter the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10. Generally speaking, the pressure threshold that the primary pressure regulating component can withstand is less than the pressure threshold that the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 can withstand, that is, by first-stage pressure relief through the primary pressure regulating component, the pressure in the electrolytic cell 100 is reduced, while the gas impact on the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 is also reduced. That is, by adding a primary pressure regulating component, a three-stage pressure relief mechanism is achieved: a primary pressure relief component, a secondary pressure relief structure, and a tertiary pressure relief structure, thereby achieving rapid overpressure response and safe separation of the medium.

[0048] It is worth noting that the primary pressure regulating component (not shown in the figure) is generally installed in the safety protection mechanism connected to the safety vent for pressure relief of the electrolytic cell 100, while the safety protection mechanism connected to the vent for gas collection of the electrolytic cell 100 generally does not have a primary pressure regulating component.

[0049] The primary pressure regulating component can be a single-layer pressure relief membrane or a multi-layer pressure relief membrane.

[0050] The pressure relief membrane is generally a disposable, non-self-closing membrane. When the pressure inside the electrolytic cell 100 rises abnormally, the membrane ruptures along a pre-set weak area to protect the safety of the electrolytic cell 100. The material of the pressure relief membrane can be a metallic material (such as stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, or titanium), a non-metallic material (such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, plexiglass, or ceramics), or a composite material of metallic and non-metallic materials.

[0051] Specifically, the single-layer pressure relief membrane can be positioned at any location on the first exhaust port 101, and its outer periphery is sealed to the side wall of the first exhaust port 101. Here, "any location" refers to any position along the axial direction of the first exhaust port 101. Alternatively, the single-layer pressure relief membrane can also be positioned at any location on the first air inlet 12 of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10, and its outer periphery is sealed to the side wall of the first air inlet 12. Furthermore, for the structure with the short section 50, the single-layer pressure relief membrane can also be positioned between the first exhaust port 101 and the air inlet of the short section 50, or inside the air inlet of the short section 50.

[0052] The multi-layer pressure relief membrane is spaced apart. Each layer of the multi-layer pressure relief membrane is located at any position on the first exhaust port 101, and the outer periphery of each layer is sealed to the side wall of the first exhaust port 101. Alternatively, each layer of the multi-layer pressure relief membrane can also be located at any position on the first air inlet 12 of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10, and the outer periphery of each layer is sealed to the side wall of the first air inlet 12. Furthermore, for the structure with the short section 50, each layer of the multi-layer pressure relief membrane can also be located between the first exhaust port 101 and the air inlet of the short section 50, or within the air inlet of the short section 50.

[0053] Different pressure relief membrane layers with different pressure relief thresholds can be selected according to the different pressure relief requirements of different electrolytic cells 100.

[0054] The aforementioned primary pressure regulating components can effectively shorten the pressure relief response time of the safety protection mechanism.

[0055] Furthermore, when the safety protection mechanism with a primary pressure regulator is applied to the high-voltage electrolyzer of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the primary pressure regulator responds quickly to rupture, preventing damage to the electrode electric field distribution of the high-voltage electrolyzer and avoiding structural damage to the electrolyzer body caused by a sudden pressure surge, while also suppressing the potential for flammable gas explosions. Moreover, the primary pressure regulator, in conjunction with the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20, helps extend the service life of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20, reducing operation and maintenance costs. While comprehensively improving the pressure resistance and safety redundancy of the electrolyzer, it also balances efficiency and economy, providing a reliable guarantee for the safe operation of large and ultra-large water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment.

[0056] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 may further include: an elastic pre-tightening member 13 and a sealing cover 14. The elastic pre-tightening member 13 is embedded in the pressure relief body 11, and one end of it is fixedly connected to the pressure relief body 11. The sealing cover 14 covers the pressure relief and exhaust port 111 of the pressure relief body 11. According to the pressure change in the pressure relief body 11, the compression amount of the elastic pre-tightening member 13 changes dynamically to adjust the opening degree of the sealing cover 14. That is, the greater the pressure in the electrolytic cell 100, the greater the pressure in the pressure relief body 11, and the greater the upward force applied to the sealing cover 14, making the opening degree of the sealing cover 14 greater. Conversely, the pressure in the electrolytic cell 100 decreases, and the pressure in the pressure relief body 11 also decreases, reducing the upward force applied to the sealing cover 14, thereby reducing the opening degree of the sealing cover 14. This achieves dynamic pressure relief. By ensuring precise control of the gas release flow rate, the pressure stability during the pressure relief process is ensured, and the drastic fluctuations in the release flow rate are effectively suppressed.

[0057] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7and Figure 8 As shown, the elastic preload 13 may include: a spring 131 and a guide rod 132 extending axially along the spring 131; one end of the spring 131 is fixed to the end of the pressure relief body 11 near the first air inlet 12 or one end of the spring 131 is fixed inside the short section 50 connected to the pressure relief body 11; the other end of the spring 131 is fixed to the sealing cover 14; one end of the guide rod 132 is fixedly connected to the spring 131, and the other end of the guide rod 132 extends out of the sealing cover 14. Through the linear deformation characteristics of the spring 131, continuous adjustment of the pressure relief is achieved. In particular, for the high-pressure electrolyzer of the current water electrolysis hydrogen production system, this elastic preload 13 can prevent damage to the electrolyzer diaphragm caused by instantaneous pressure loss in the high-pressure electrolyzer.

[0058] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 may further include: a pressure regulating structure 15 disposed on the sealing cover 14; the pressure regulating structure 15 is used to regulate the opening pressure of the sealing cover 14. The minimum opening pressure of the sealing cover 14 can be adjusted through this pressure regulating structure 15, meaning that the minimum opening pressure of the sealing cover 14 of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 can be adjusted differentially according to different electrolytic cells 100 to meet the needs of different electrolytic cells 100.

[0059] The pressure regulating structure 15 includes a main pressure regulating structure 151 and a micro pressure regulating structure 152. The main pressure regulating structure 151 abuts against the sealing cover 14 and can quickly adjust the minimum opening pressure of the sealing cover 14. The micro pressure regulating structure 152 is located at one end of the extension of the guide rod 132 to the pressure relief body 11. The micro pressure regulating structure 152 cooperates with the manual regulating structure 16 to fine-tune the minimum opening pressure of the sealing cover 14, so as to accurately control the opening pressure of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10.

[0060] Optionally, in this embodiment of the invention, the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 may further include a manual adjustment structure 16 disposed on the sealing cover 14, the manual adjustment structure 16 being operated by a user to open the sealing cover 14. The manual adjustment structure 16 is connected to the other end of the guide rod 132 extending from the sealing cover 14.

[0061] Specifically, the manual adjustment structure 16 may include: an n-shaped fixing bracket 161, an adjusting rod 162, and an adjusting handle 163 disposed above the sealing cover 14, wherein the two ends of the n-shaped fixing bracket 161 are respectively disposed on both sides of the top radial of the sealing cover 14; a guide rod 132 passes through the adjusting rod 162; one end of the adjusting rod 162 is rotatably connected to one side of the n-shaped fixing bracket 161, and one end of the adjusting handle 163 is rotatably connected to the other side of the n-shaped fixing bracket 161, the rotatable connection position of the other side of the n-shaped fixing bracket 161 is lower than the rotatable connection position of one side of the n-shaped fixing bracket 161; the other end of the adjusting rod 162 extends out of the other side of the n-shaped fixing bracket 161 and abuts against the adjusting handle 163. The n-type fixed bracket 161, adjusting rod 162, and adjusting handle 163 work together with the micro-pressure adjusting structure 152 to achieve precise control of the opening pressure of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10. At the same time, the n-type fixed bracket 161, adjusting rod 162, and adjusting handle 163 work together to facilitate the user's operation of the adjusting handle 163 to open the sealing cover 14 and facilitate the maintenance of the elastic preload 13.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, the top of the main body 21 of the gas-liquid separation structure 20 is a hemispherical end cap 211, which facilitates the dripping of liquid mixed in the gas and disperses the pressure impact of the gas, thus preventing damage to the gas-liquid separation structure 20.

[0063] Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3As shown, the gas-liquid separation structure 20 includes a multi-stage separator 22, which may include: a perforated plate 221 with guide holes spaced apart along the axial direction of the main body 21, wherein the outer periphery of the perforated plate 221 abuts against the inner sidewall of the main body 21 or is connected to the sidewall of the main body 21. In this embodiment, the outer periphery of the perforated plate 221 abutting against the inner sidewall of the main body 21 means that the outer periphery of the perforated plate 221 and the inner sidewall of the main body 21 are in contact with each other and have an interaction force, which fixes the perforated plate 221 relative to the main body 21. The connection between the outer periphery of the perforated plate 221 and the sidewall of the main body 21 means that the perforated plate 221 is fixed relative to the main body 21 by means of a connecting structure or connecting means (such as bolts, welding, bonding, or riveting). Based on the outer periphery of the perforated plate 221 abutting or connecting with the inner wall of the main structure 21, the liquid is condensed through the perforated plate 221 by utilizing the density difference and viscous resistance difference between gas and liquid, and the gas can pass through the perforated plate 221 and be discharged from the second exhaust port 23, thereby achieving the purpose of separating gas and liquid and recovering liquid. For example, for the high-voltage electrolyzer of the electrolytic cell 100 as a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the density difference and viscous resistance difference between hydrogen and alkaline solution are utilized to achieve directional flow of hydrogen and gravity sedimentation of alkaline solution. The perforated plate 221 can collect the alkaline solution (such as NaOH solution) carried by the gas (hydrogen or oxygen). It can be understood that... Figure 3 The two perforated plates 221 shown are merely examples. More perforated plates 221 can be provided along the axial direction of the main structure 21 to further improve the gas-liquid separation effect. The perforated plates 221 can be high-strength steel structures, which guide the liquid to flow directionally along a preset path to the drain port while maintaining the overall mechanical strength, thereby achieving controllable collection of the liquid.

[0064] More specifically, regarding the specific structure for connecting the outer periphery of the perforated plate 221 to the side wall of the main body 21: the inner side wall of the main body 21 is provided with fasteners (not shown in the figure) arranged at intervals in both the circumferential and axial directions; the perforated plate 221 is engaged with the fasteners to facilitate the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the perforated plate 221.

[0065] Furthermore, in order to further improve the gas-liquid separation effect, in the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the multi-stage separator 22 may further include: a combined separator 222 with distributed guide holes disposed within the main body 21; the combined separator 222 corresponds to the second air inlet 25 of the gas-liquid separation structure 20 and / or the second exhaust port 23 of the main body 21; the upper and lower ends of the combined separator 222 abut against their corresponding perforated plates 221 or are connected to the sidewall of the main body 21. This combined separator 222 enables better separation of gas and liquid and guides the gas.

[0066] More specifically, to facilitate the maintenance of the combined separator 222, such as Figure 4 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the combined separator 222 may include: an upper support plate 2221, a lower support plate 2222, and a plurality of separation blades 2223 with guide holes distributed thereon; the plurality of separation blades 2223 are arranged at intervals between the upper support plate 2221 and the lower support plate 2222; the lower ends of the plurality of separation blades 2223 are detachably connected to the lower support plate 2222; and the upper ends of the plurality of separation blades 2223 are detachably connected to the upper support plate 2221.

[0067] Among them, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the separating blade 2223 may include: a first arc surface 22231 with guide holes, a second arc surface 22232, and two engaging surfaces 22233. The two engaging surfaces 22233 are respectively located on both sides of the arc direction of the first arc surface 22231; one side of the arc direction of the second arc surface 22232 is located on the outer side of the first arc surface 22231, and the other side of the arc direction of the second arc surface 22232 is away from the outer side of the first arc surface 22231. Both the first arc surface 22231 and the second arc surface 22232 are part of a cylindrical surface, such as a semi-cylindrical surface. Generally, the central angle corresponding to the first arc surface 22231 and the central angle corresponding to the second arc surface 22232 are both less than 180°. By providing the engaging surfaces 22233, it is convenient to engage the separating blade 2223 between the upper support plate 2221 and the lower support plate 2222.

[0068] Furthermore, the outer surface of the first arc surface 22231 refers to the surface facing away from the axial direction of the first arc surface 22231, and the inner surface of the first arc surface 22231 refers to the surface facing the axial direction of the first arc surface 22231. By designing the first arc surface 22231 to cooperate with the second arc surface 22232, which corresponds to the gap between adjacent first arc surfaces 22231, the second arc surface 22232 can intercept part of the gas passing between two adjacent first arc surfaces 22231, causing the gas to swirl back through the first arc surface 22231, thereby achieving the purpose of further separating gas and liquid.

[0069] Optionally, the arc length of the second arc surface 22232 is greater than or equal to one-quarter of the arc length of the first arc surface 22231 and less than or equal to one-third of the arc length of the first arc surface 22231, so as to ensure that the second arc surface 22232 can guide the intercepted gas flow through the first arc surface 22231 and avoid airflow congestion.

[0070] In addition, by designing the second arc surface 22232 and the first arc surface 22231, the airflow can be guided better, so that the gas intercepted by the second arc surface 22232 and the first arc surface 22231 can rotate and flow back in the inner side area of ​​the first arc surface 22231, reducing gas convection, thereby reducing the impact on the electrolytic cell 100 and ensuring that the first exhaust port 101 of the electrolytic cell 100 can exhaust smoothly.

[0071] Preferably, one side of the arcuate direction of the second arcuate surface 22232 is located in one-quarter to one-third of the arcuate direction of the outer side of the first arcuate surface 22231, and the other side of the arcuate direction of the second arcuate surface 22232 corresponds to one-half to two-thirds of the arcuate direction of the outer side of the first arcuate surface 22231.

[0072] The first arc surface 22231 is a hollow structure. Preferably, the hollow first arc surface 22231 is formed by splicing together multiple guide plates A with guide holes. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the first arc surface 22231 formed by splicing together the various guide plates A has a cavity B in the middle. Through this hollow structure, the gas turbulence channel formed generates a vortex damping effect during the gas rise, completely blocking the gas return path.

[0073] The spacing between the separating blades 2223 is matched with the gas flow rate discharged from the electrolytic cell to ensure that the mixed fluid passes through uniformly without local blockage.

[0074] Furthermore, the separating blade 2223 is also provided with protruding structures 22234. Preferably, as shown in the figure... Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 10 As shown, a protruding structure 22234 is provided on the guide hole provided on the first arc surface 22231. The protruding structure 22234 can increase the contact area and improve the viscous resistance to better intercept the liquid and further improve the gas-liquid separation.

[0075] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the aforementioned combined separator 221 may further include: an upper clamping device 2224 fixed to the upper support plate 2211 and a lower clamping device 2225 fixed to the lower support plate 2222, wherein the upper clamping device 2224 corresponds to the lower clamping device 2225; the upper clamping device 2224 engages the upper ends of multiple separation blades 2223; the lower clamping device 2225 engages the lower ends of multiple separation blades 2223, so as to facilitate the disassembly and installation of the separation blades 2223. By cooperating with the upper clamping device 2224 and the lower clamping device 2225 with the separation blades 2223, the angle of the separation blades 2223 can be adjusted, thereby changing the fluid channel and adapting to different working conditions.

[0076] In addition, the gas-liquid separation structure described above can effectively improve the gas-liquid separation efficiency. In particular, for the high-pressure electrolyzer of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the gas-liquid separation structure can block the backflow of hydrogen or oxygen while realizing the directional collection and safe discharge of alkaline solution, eliminating the risk of equipment corrosion and deflagration caused by the mixing and spraying of media.

[0077] In addition, the safety protection mechanism provided in this embodiment of the invention modularizes each part, greatly reducing the size of the safety protection mechanism, making it easy to integrate into existing electrolyzers such as the high-pressure electrolyzers in current water electrolysis hydrogen production systems, and eliminating the need for frequent maintenance.

[0078] Furthermore, in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided in this embodiment of the invention, the safety protection mechanism is sealed to the first exhaust port 101 of the electrolyzer 100. The first exhaust port 101 can be the main exhaust port of the electrolyzer 100, or it can be a pressure relief port of the electrolyzer 100. The main exhaust port of the electrolyzer 100 is generally connected to the gas storage tank of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and this main exhaust port is used to discharge the gas generated by the electrolyzer 100 into the gas storage tank. The pressure relief port of the electrolyzer 100 is generally connected to a pressure relief valve. When the pressure inside the electrolyzer 100 reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief valve opens, relieving pressure in the electrolyzer 100 through the pressure relief port and the pressure relief valve.

[0079] In cases where the safety protection mechanism is connected to the main exhaust port, the safety protection mechanism discharges the gas that has been filtered of liquid into the gas storage tank, thereby improving the gas purity and enabling the recovery and reuse of the liquid.

[0080] For cases where the safety protection mechanism is connected to the pressure relief port, the safety protection mechanism can provide pressure relief for the electrolytic cell at more than 100 levels while also recovering and reusing the liquid.

[0081] Electrolyzer 100 is a water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzer. In particular, the electrolyzer 100 can be a water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzer with a working pressure range from atmospheric pressure to 10.0 MPa.

[0082] It is worth noting that the connections between the aforementioned safety protection mechanisms and various components of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (such as between the first air inlet 12 of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the short section 50, and between the second air inlet 25 of the gas-liquid separation structure 20 and the short section 50) can be sealed using flanges and sealing rings to ensure sealing reliability under high pressure conditions.

[0083] In summary, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: 1. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system, comprising an electrolyzer 100, the electrolyzer 100 including a first exhaust port 101, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system further comprising: a safety protection mechanism; The safety protection mechanism includes: a dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and a gas-liquid separation structure 20, wherein, The dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 is sealed to the gas-liquid separation structure 20; The dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 and the gas-liquid separation structure 20 are connected to the first exhaust port 101 of the electrolytic cell 100. The dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 is used to dynamically depressurize the electrolytic cell 100; The gas-liquid separation structure 20 includes: a structural body 21, a multi-stage separator 22 disposed within the structural body 21, a second exhaust port 23 disposed at the upper end of the structural body 21, and a liquid discharge port 24 disposed at the lower end of the structural body 21; The multi-stage separator 22 is used to receive the gas-liquid mixture delivered by the electrolytic cell 100 and to condense the liquid in the gas-liquid mixture. The second exhaust port 23 is used to discharge the gas separated by the multi-stage separator 22; The drain port 24 is used to discharge the liquid condensed by the multi-stage separator 22.

[0084] 2. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to technical solution 1, The safety protection mechanism also includes: a short section 50 with three communication ports; The dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 includes: a pressure relief body 11 and a first air inlet 12; The gas-liquid separation structure 20 includes: a second air inlet 25; The first air inlet 12, the second air inlet 25 and the first exhaust outlet 101 are respectively sealed and connected to the three connecting ports of the short section 50; or, The dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 includes: a pressure relief body 11 and a first air inlet 12. The gas-liquid separation structure 20 includes: a second air inlet 25; The second air inlet 25 is sealed to the first exhaust outlet 101; The second exhaust port 23 is sealed to the first air inlet 12.

[0085] 3. According to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system described in technical solution 2, the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 further includes: an elastic pre-tightening member 13 and a sealing cover 14, wherein, The elastic pretensioner 13 is embedded in the pressure relief body 11, and one end of it is fixedly connected to the pressure relief body 11; The sealing cap 14 covers the pressure relief vent 111 of the pressure relief body 11; According to the change in pressure inside the pressure relief body 11, the compression amount of the elastic preload 13 changes dynamically to adjust the opening degree of the sealing cover 14. Optionally, the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 further includes a pressure regulating structure 15 disposed on the sealing cover 14; The pressure regulating structure 15 is used to regulate the opening pressure of the sealing cover 14; Optionally, the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 further includes a manual adjustment structure 16 disposed on the sealing cover 14. The manual adjustment structure 16 allows the user to open the sealing cover 14.

[0086] 4. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to technical solution 3, The elastic preload 13 includes: a spring 131 and a guide rod 132 extending axially along the spring 131; One end of the spring 131 is fixed to the end of the pressure relief body 11 near the first air inlet 12, or one end of the spring 131 is fixed inside the short section 50 connected to the pressure relief body 11; the other end of the spring 131 is fixed to the sealing cover 14. One end of the guide rod 132 is fixedly connected to the spring 131, and the other end of the guide rod 132 extends out of the sealing cover 14 and is connected to the manual adjustment structure 16; Optionally, the manual adjustment structure 16 includes: an n-shaped fixing bracket 161 disposed above the sealing cover 14, an adjusting rod 162, and an adjusting handle 163, wherein, The two ends of the n-type fixing bracket 161 are respectively located on both sides of the top radial direction of the sealing cover 14; The guide rod 132 passes through the adjusting rod 162; One end of the adjusting rod 162 is rotatably connected to one side of the n-type fixed bracket 161, and one end of the adjusting handle 163 is rotatably connected to the other side of the n-type fixed bracket 161. The rotatable connection position of the other side of the n-type fixed bracket 161 is lower than the rotatable connection position of one side of the n-type fixed bracket 161. The other end of the adjusting rod 162 extends out of the other side of the n-shaped fixed bracket 161 and abuts against the adjusting handle 163.

[0087] 5. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to any one of technical solutions 1 to 4 further includes: a primary pressure regulating component, wherein, The primary pressure regulating component is disposed between the first exhaust port 101 of the electrolytic cell 100 and the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10; The primary pressure regulating component works in conjunction with the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10 to perform multi-stage pressure relief on the electrolytic cell 100.

[0088] 6. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to technical solution 5, The primary pressure regulating component is a single-layer pressure relief membrane layer; The single-layer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first exhaust port 101, and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first exhaust port 101. or, The single-layer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first air inlet 12 of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10, and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first air inlet 12.

[0089] 7. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to technical solution 5, The primary pressure regulating component is a multi-layered pressure relief membrane layer, with the multiple pressure relief membrane layers spaced apart. Each layer of the multi-layer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first exhaust port 101, and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first exhaust port 101. And / or, Each layer of the multi-layer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first air inlet 12 of the dynamic pressure regulating structure 10, and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first air inlet 12.

[0090] 8. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to any one of technical solutions 1 to 3, 6 and 7, The top of the main body 21 is a hemispherical end cap 211.

[0091] 9. According to any one of technical solutions 1 to 3, 6, and 7, the multi-stage separator 22 comprises: a perforated plate 221 with guide holes spaced apart along the axial direction of the main structural body 21, wherein... The outer periphery of the perforated plate 221 abuts against the inner sidewall of the main structural body 21 or is connected to the sidewall of the main structural body 21.

[0092] 10. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to technical solution 9, The inner wall of the main structure 21 is provided with fasteners arranged at intervals in both the circumferential and axial directions; The perforated plate 221 is engaged with the fixing member.

[0093] 11. According to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system of technical solution 8, the multi-stage separator 22 further includes: a combined separator 222 with flow guide holes distributed in the main body of the structure 21; The combined separator 222 corresponds to the second air inlet 25 of the gas-liquid separation structure 20 and / or the second exhaust outlet 23 of the main body 21 of the structure. The upper and lower ends of the combined separator 222 abut against the corresponding perforated plates 221, respectively.

[0094] 12. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to technical solution 11, wherein the combined separator 222 includes: an upper support plate 2221, a lower support plate 2222, and a plurality of separation blades 2223 with guide holes distributed thereon; The plurality of the separating blades 2223 are arranged at intervals between the upper support plate 2221 and the lower support plate 2222; The lower ends of the plurality of separating blades 2223 are detachably connected to the lower support plate 2222; The upper ends of the plurality of separating blades 2223 are detachably connected to the upper support plate 2221.

[0095] 13. In the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to technical solution 11 or 12, the separating blade 2223 includes: a first arc surface 22231 with guide holes, a second arc surface 22232, and two engaging surfaces 22233, wherein, The two engagement surfaces 22233 are respectively located on both sides of the arcuate direction of the first arcuate surface 22231; One side of the arcuate direction of the second arcuate surface 22232 is disposed on the outer side of the first arcuate surface 22231, and the other side of the arcuate direction of the second arcuate surface 22232 is away from the outer side of the first arcuate surface 22231; Optionally, the arc length of the second arc surface 22232 is greater than or equal to one-quarter of the arc length of the first arc surface 22231 and less than or equal to one-third of the arc length of the first arc surface 22231.

[0096] 14. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to technical solution 13, One side of the second arc surface 22232 is located in one-quarter to one-third of the arc direction of the outer side surface of the first arc surface 22231; And / or, The other side of the arcuate direction of the second arcuate surface 22232 corresponds to the area of ​​one-half to two-thirds of the arcuate direction of the outer side of the first arcuate surface 22231; And / or, The first arc surface 22231 is a hollow structure. Preferably, the first arc surface 22231 of the hollow structure is formed by splicing together multiple guide plates A with guide holes.

[0097] 15. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to any one of technical solutions 11, 12 and 14, The separating blade 2223 is also provided with protruding structures 22234.

[0098] 16. According to any one of technical solutions 11, 12, and 14, the combined separator 221 further includes: an upper clamping device 2224 fixed to the upper support plate 2211 and a lower clamping device 2225 fixed to the lower support plate 2222, wherein, The upper locking device 2224 corresponds to the lower locking device 2225; The upper locking device 2224 engages with the upper ends of the plurality of separating blades 2223; The lower locking device 2225 engages with the lower ends of the plurality of separating blades 2223.

[0099] 17. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to any one of technical solutions 1 to 4, 6, 7, 10 to 12 and 14, The first exhaust port 101 is either the main exhaust port of the electrolytic cell 100 or the pressure relief port of the electrolytic cell 100.

[0100] The above steps are provided only to help understand the method, structure, and core ideas of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system, comprising an electrolyzer (100), the electrolyzer (100) including a first exhaust port (101), characterized in that, The water electrolysis hydrogen production system also includes: a safety protection mechanism; The safety protection mechanism includes: a dynamic pressure regulating structure (10) and a gas-liquid separation structure (20), wherein, The dynamic pressure regulating structure (10) is sealed to the gas-liquid separation structure (20); The dynamic pressure regulating structure (10) and the gas-liquid separation structure (20) are connected to the first exhaust port (101) of the electrolytic cell (100); The dynamic pressure regulating structure (10) is used to dynamically depressurize the electrolytic cell (100); The gas-liquid separation structure (20) includes: a main body (21), a multi-stage separator (22) disposed in the main body (21), a second exhaust port (23) disposed at the upper end of the main body (21), and a liquid discharge port (24) disposed at the lower end of the main body (21). The multi-stage separator (22) is used to receive the gas-liquid mixture delivered by the electrolytic cell (100) and to condense the liquid in the gas-liquid mixture; The second exhaust port (23) is used to discharge the gas separated by the multi-stage separator (22); The drain port (24) is used to discharge the liquid condensed by the multi-stage separator (22).

2. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety protection mechanism also includes: a short section (50) with three communication ports; The dynamic pressure regulating structure (10) includes: a pressure relief body (11) and a first air inlet (12); The gas-liquid separation structure (20) includes: a second air inlet (25); The first air inlet (12), the second air inlet (25) and the first exhaust outlet (101) are respectively sealed and connected to the three connecting ports of the short section (50); or, The dynamic pressure regulating structure (10) includes: a pressure relief body (11) and a first air inlet (12); The gas-liquid separation structure (20) includes: a second air inlet (25); The second air inlet (25) is sealed to the first exhaust outlet (101); The second exhaust port (23) is sealed to the first air inlet (12).

3. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Primary pressure regulating components, among which, The primary pressure regulating component is disposed between the first exhaust port (101) of the electrolytic cell (100) and the dynamic pressure regulating structure (10); The primary pressure regulating component works in conjunction with the dynamic pressure regulating structure (10) to perform multi-stage pressure relief on the electrolytic cell (100).

4. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The primary pressure regulating component is a single-layer pressure relief membrane layer; The single-layer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first exhaust port (101), and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first exhaust port (101). or, The single-layer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first air inlet (12) of the dynamic pressure regulating structure (10), and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first air inlet (12).

5. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The primary pressure regulating component is a multi-layered pressure relief membrane layer, with the multiple pressure relief membrane layers spaced apart. Each layer of the multilayer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first exhaust port (101), and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first exhaust port (101). And / or, Each layer of the multi-layer pressure relief membrane is disposed at any position of the first air inlet (12) of the dynamic pressure regulating structure (10), and the outer periphery of the pressure relief membrane is sealed to the side wall of the first air inlet (12).

6. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 12, 4 and 5, characterized in that, The multi-stage separator (22) includes: a perforated plate (221) with guide holes arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the main body (21), wherein, The outer periphery of the perforated plate (221) abuts against the inner sidewall of the main structure (21) or is connected to the sidewall of the main structure (21); Optionally, The inner wall of the main structure (21) is provided with fasteners arranged at intervals in both the circumferential and axial directions; The perforated plate (221) is engaged with the fastener.

7. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage separator (22) further includes a combined separator (222) with flow guide holes disposed within the main body of the structure (21). The combined separator (222) corresponds to the second air inlet (25) of the gas-liquid separation structure (20) and / or the second exhaust port (23) of the main body of the structure (21). The upper and lower ends of the combined separator (222) abut against the corresponding perforated plate (221).

8. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The combined separator (222) includes: an upper support plate (2221), a lower support plate (2222), and a plurality of separation blades (2223) with guide holes distributed thereon. The plurality of the separating blades (2223) are arranged at intervals between the upper support plate (2221) and the lower support plate (2222); The lower ends of the plurality of separating blades (2223) are detachably connected to the lower support plate (2222); The upper ends of the plurality of separation blades (2223) are detachably connected to the upper support plate (2221).

9. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The separating blade (2223) includes: a first arc surface (22231) and a second arc surface (22232) with guide holes distributed thereon, and two engaging surfaces (22233), wherein, The two engagement surfaces (22233) are respectively located on both sides of the arcuate direction of the first arcuate surface (22231); One side of the arc direction of the second arc surface (22232) is disposed on the outer side of the first arc surface (22231), and the other side of the arc direction of the second arc surface (22232) is away from the outer side of the first arc surface (22231); Optionally, the arc length of the second arc surface (22232) is greater than or equal to one-quarter of the arc length of the first arc surface (22231) and less than or equal to one-third of the arc length of the first arc surface (22231).

10. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 9, characterized in that, One side of the second arc surface (22232) is located in one-quarter to one-third of the arc direction of the outer side of the first arc surface (22231); And / or, The other side of the arc direction of the second arc surface (22232) corresponds to the area of ​​one-half to two-thirds of the arc direction of the outer side of the first arc surface (22231); And / or, The first arc surface (22231) is a hollow structure. Preferably, the first arc surface (22231) of the hollow structure is formed by splicing together multiple guide plates (A) with guide holes.

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