A method for preparing an electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst
High-entropy pyrochlore nanoparticles were prepared by treating SRIO films with an electrical pulse activation method, which solved the problem of insufficient activity and stability of oxygen evolution reaction in water electrolysis in acidic media. This method enables the efficient synthesis and purification of noble metal-based perovskite catalysts, which are suitable for oxygen evolution reaction in acidic electrolytes.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NANJING UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction in water electrolysis in acidic media have insufficient activity and stability, require large amounts of precious metals and are costly, have limited effectiveness of conventional improvement methods, and are difficult to control during catalyst synthesis and are prone to impurity phases.
SRIO thin films were treated using an electro-pulse activation method. Thin films prepared with strontium nitrate, ruthenium oxide, and iridium oxide were subjected to electro-pulse treatment by an external voltage source. Combined with high-temperature sintering and ball milling, perovskite nanoparticles of multi-metal composite material were prepared, forming high-entropy pyrochlore nanoparticles.
It improves the activity and stability of the catalyst in the oxygen evolution reaction in acidic media, reduces the amount of precious metals used, simplifies the synthesis process, and improves purity, making it suitable for industrial production.
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Figure CN122081995A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrochemical energy conversion technology, specifically relating to a method for preparing an electropulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst. Background Technology
[0002] Electrocatalytic water splitting has been widely studied as a highly efficient and sustainable hydrogen synthesis pathway. Water electrolysis consists of two half-reactions (HER at the cathode and OER at the anode). HER is a two-electron transfer reaction, while OER is a four-electron-proton coupling reaction requiring higher energy input. Therefore, the anode OER reaction rate limits the overall efficiency of the water electrolysis reaction. Thus, the design and synthesis of efficient OER catalysts are crucial for improving hydrogen production from water electrolysis. Furthermore, compared to water electrolysis in alkaline media, clean energy production technologies in acidic media offer advantages such as higher reaction rates, greater tolerance to operating conditions, and more application scenarios. Therefore, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic media has attracted more attention. Currently, electrocatalysts used for OER in acidic media are typically compounds containing noble metals such as ruthenium and iridium. However, catalyst activity still needs improvement, and the stability of the OER is poor. Therefore, researchers are attempting to improve the OER performance (including activity and stability) of noble metal-based electrocatalysts through methods such as doping, reducing catalyst size, and constructing heterostructures. However, these methods have limited effectiveness in improving catalysts, and there is still considerable room for improvement. For example, (1) the methods mentioned above can generally improve the activity of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), but the control of stability is usually limited, and catalyst design is often constrained by the balance between reactivity and stability; (2) to simultaneously improve the activity and acid corrosion resistance of the catalyst, excessive amounts of precious metal elements are implanted into the catalyst, especially iridium, which is relatively stable but more expensive, and this significantly increases the operating cost of the OER; (3) the conventional methods mentioned above usually cause significant damage to the catalyst during the catalyst improvement process, and the catalyst synthesis process is usually difficult to control, often resulting in unpredictable impurity phases. In view of this, we urgently need to develop a new method to simultaneously improve the activity and stability of the catalyst, with a simple and highly adjustable operation process. Summary of the Invention
[0003] One objective of this invention is to provide a preparation method for preparing a multi-metal composite material with high oxygen evolution activity and stability in acidic media.
[0004] The objective is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention discloses a method for preparing an electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst, comprising overlapping electrodes on both sides of an SRIO thin film prepared from strontium nitrate, ruthenium oxide, and iridium oxide, and subjecting the SRIO thin film to electrical pulse treatment by an external voltage source under argon atmosphere protection.
[0005] Furthermore, the SRIO film was subjected to a 2-second electrical pulse treatment using an external voltage source, with an electric field strength of 40V / cm.
[0006] Furthermore, the method for preparing SRIO thin films includes the following steps: Step 1: Dissolve strontium nitrate, ruthenium oxide, and iridium oxide in nitric acid to obtain metal ion solution A; Step 2: Prepare complexing agent solution B using citric acid monohydrate and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Step 3: Under argon protection, complexing agent solution B is added dropwise to metal ion solution A to obtain a precursor solution for multi-metal element complexation; Step 4: The precursor liquid described in Step 3 is rotary evaporated at 80°C under argon protection to obtain the colloidal precursor. Step 5: Vacuum dry the colloidal precursor from step 4 to obtain a dehydrated solid precursor. Step 6: The dehydrated solid precursor from step 5 is subjected to high-temperature sintering to obtain a multi-metal element composite precursor. Step 7: Ball mill the precursor from step 6 to obtain precursor powder; Step 8: The powder from step 7 is sintered at high temperature to obtain ruthenium-iridium based perovskite nanoparticles SRIO. Step 9: Take the SRIO nanoparticles obtained in Step 8 and disperse them ultrasonically in deionized water to obtain an SRIO suspension. Step 10: Prepare a flat, dense SRIO film with controllable thickness on an inert substrate by spin coating.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment, a method for preparing an electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst includes the following steps: Step 1: Dissolve 0.5 mmol strontium nitrate, 0.4 mmol ruthenium oxide, and 0.1 mmol iridium oxide in 20 mL of deionized water and sonicate at 40 °C for 1 hour. During this time, add 10 mL of HNO3 dropwise to the solution to obtain solution A. Traditional metallic raw materials RuCl3 and IrCl3 introduce Cl... - Impurity ions require additional steps to remove Cl. - This will affect the purity of the product.
[0008] Ruthenium oxide and iridium oxide undergo an oxidative dissolution reaction in concentrated nitric acid, especially under heating (40°C) and ultrasonic conditions (increased contact, particle breakage), and are converted into soluble nitrate complexes.
[0009] Step 2: Dissolve 2 mmol of citric acid monohydrate and 1 mmol of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in 20 mL of deionized water as a complexing agent for metal ions, and stir thoroughly to obtain solution B. 1. The main functions of citric acid monohydrate (CA): Key complexing agent and polymerization precursor: Multiple functional groups of citric acid (CA) can simultaneously coordinate with multiple metal ions to form a three-dimensional "metal-citric acid" polymer network. When the solution is heated and evaporated, this network cross-links and solidifies, fixing the metal ions in specific locations.
[0010] Fuel and pore-forming agent: During the subsequent high-temperature calcination process, CA, as an organic fuel, will undergo vigorous combustion and decomposition, producing a large amount of gas (CO2, H2O). This process can: Provides heat to promote crystallization.
[0011] The formation of porous structures increases the specific surface area of the final product, which is crucial for electrocatalytic applications because a higher surface area means more active sites.
[0012] Adjusting pH and viscosity: helps maintain the solution within a suitable range of weak acidity for complexation and increases the solution viscosity, which is beneficial for the formation of a uniform gel.
[0013] 2. Main functions of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA): Powerful chelating and stabilizing agent: EDTA possesses extremely strong chelating ability for most metal ions, especially transition metal ions like Ru and Ir (forming highly stable hexadecanthal chelates). Its primary function is to ensure the chelation of all metal ions, especially high-valence, easily hydrolyzed Ru. 4+ and Ir 4+ It remains in a dissolved state throughout the solution mixing and evaporation process, without undergoing any form of separate precipitation or hydrolysis.
[0014] Overcoming hydrolysis differences: Different metal ions begin to precipitate at different pH values. EDTA, through strong complexation, significantly smooths out the inherent hydrolysis and precipitation tendencies of different metal ions, allowing them to act synchronously and consistently during subsequent alkali addition (if pH adjustment is required) or concentration. This is key to obtaining a perfectly homogeneous solid solution.
[0015] CA helps form a more uniform network: EDTA forms stable units with metal ions, and these units are then connected by CA to form a denser and more uniform polymer precursor.
[0016] Step 3: Transfer solution A from step 1 to a stirring table and stir at 800 rpm. Add solution B prepared in step 2 dropwise to solution A and stir continuously for 1 hour under argon atmosphere protection to obtain a precursor solution with multi-metal element complex. The purpose of this step is: Complexation reaction: The carboxyl and amino groups on the citric acid and EDTA molecules in solution B will react with Sr in solution A. 2+ Ru 4 + Ir 4+ Plasma coordinates to form stable, soluble organometallic complexes. This step is the chemical guarantee for achieving atomically homogeneous mixing. Stirring ensures the uniformity of the mixture.
[0017] Argon protection: Ru and Ir (especially lower valence states) are very sensitive to air (oxygen). During stirring and subsequent processes, if exposed to air, they may be oxidized to higher valence states (such as Ru). 6 ⁺、Ir 6 (⁺), or uncontrolled hydrolysis and precipitation may occur, disrupting homogeneity and potentially generating non-target impurity phases. An argon atmosphere creates an inert environment, ensuring that all metal ions remain in their designed state for complexation.
[0018] Step 4: Transfer the precursor liquid from Step 3 to a rotary evaporator. Under the protection of argon gas flow (20 sccm), control the rotation speed at 1000 rpm and the evaporation temperature at 80℃. After evaporation is completed, the colloidal precursor is obtained. The purpose of this step is: Temperature selection (80℃): This is a mild heating temperature. It is sufficient to accelerate the evaporation of water molecules, but not high enough to cause violent decomposition of complexes, precipitation of metal ions, or carbonization of organic matter.
[0019] Rotary evaporation: This process forms a large-area thin film, uniformly and controllably removing the solvent. As the water content decreases, the solution viscosity gradually increases, causing the dissolved metal-organic complex molecules to approach each other and undergo further cross-linking polymerization through the remaining functional groups.
[0020] Result: A viscous, non-flowing "wet gel" or paste, i.e., a "colloidal precursor," is finally obtained. At this point, the metal ions have been immobilized within the forming three-dimensional organic polymer network.
[0021] Step 5: Transfer the colloidal precursor from Step 4 to a vacuum drying oven at 120°C for 10 hours to obtain a dehydrated solid precursor. The purpose of this step: The vacuum environment lowers the boiling point of water, making it easier to remove bound water. The purpose of setting the drying temperature to 120°C is to provide sufficient heat energy to efficiently break the strong binding force between water molecules and the gel network.
[0022] Step 6: Transfer the dehydrated solid precursor from Step 5 to a muffle furnace and sinter at 400°C for 6 hours in air to remove excess organic complexes and obtain a multi-metal element composite precursor. The purpose of this step: This step requires oxygen to completely oxidize the organic matter (C, H, O, N) into CO2, H2O, and NO. x After the gaseous products are discharged, citric acid and EDTA will burn completely at 400℃, which is a violent combustion process.
[0023] Step 7: Place the precursor from Step 6 into a ball mill and ball mill for 30 minutes at a speed of 600 rpm to obtain a precursor powder with uniform particle size. The purpose of this step is as follows: After sintering at 400℃, the precursor is loose but may agglomerate. Ball milling uses the impact and shearing force of the grinding balls to break down large particles and agglomerates, resulting in finer powder with a narrower and more uniform particle size distribution. This ensures that the powder has a higher specific surface area and better reactivity during the next high-temperature sintering step, allowing for a more complete and uniform solid-phase reaction, which is beneficial for obtaining a product with uniform grain size.
[0024] Step 8: Place the powder from Step 7 into a muffle furnace and sinter at 1000℃ for 12 hours in air to obtain noble metal Ru-Ir based perovskite nanoparticles: SrRu 0.8 Ir 0.2 O3 (labeled as SRIO); The purpose of this step is as follows: sintering at 400℃ removes only the organic matter, resulting in an amorphous or microcrystalline mixture. The high temperature of 1000℃ provides sufficient diffusion kinetic energy for the atoms to rearrange and form a thermodynamically stable, well-crystallized perovskite phase (SRIO). The long sintering time (12 hours) ensures complete reaction and sufficient grain growth.
[0025] Step 9: Take the SRIO nanoparticles obtained in Step 8, disperse them evenly in 10 mL of deionized water, and sonicate for 30 minutes to obtain a uniformly dispersed SRIO suspension. The purpose of this step is to utilize the cavitation effect of ultrasound to effectively deagglomerate the secondary agglomerates formed by nanoparticles in the dry state, making them monodisperse or form a stable suspension, thus preparing raw materials for the subsequent preparation of uniform films.
[0026] Step 10: Use a pipette to take the suspension from step 9 and drop it onto a pre-cleaned quartz substrate. Place the quartz substrate on a spin coater, control the rotation speed to 1000 rpm, and spin coat for 2 seconds. Repeat this operation 20 times to obtain a smooth and dense SRIO film. The purpose of this step is to allow centrifugal force during spin coating to spread the droplets evenly, rapidly evaporate the solvent, and leave behind a thin film formed by the accumulation of particles. Repeating this process 20 times, i.e., layer by layer, allows for precise increases in film thickness while avoiding problems such as cracking and unevenness caused by excessive coating in a single coat, ultimately resulting in a high-quality film sample.
[0027] Step 11: Overlap electrodes are attached to both sides of the SRIO film obtained in step 10. Under the protection of argon atmosphere, the SRIO film is subjected to an electric pulse treatment for 2 seconds by an external voltage source, wherein the electric field strength is 40V / cm. The purpose of this step: High electric field (40 V / cm): Much higher than the normal operating potential, it will generate an extremely strong electric field force inside the material.
[0028] Instantaneous pulse (2 seconds): A short-duration action to avoid overall structural damage caused by thermal effects, designed to induce a rapid, dynamic response on the surface.
[0029] This creates oxygen vacancies within the material, altering its electronic structure and catalytically active sites.
[0030] Step 12: Place the thin film substrate after the electrical pulse treatment in step (11) into an ultrasonic machine for ultrasonic treatment to peel the sample off the quartz substrate. Wash it three times alternately with deionized water and ethanol, and then vacuum dry it to obtain the high-entropy pyrochlore nanoparticles after electrical treatment (labeled as: SRIO@E).
[0031] The purpose of this step is to recover the active material after electrical pulse treatment from the inert substrate and purify it to obtain the final product. The role of ultrasonic exfoliation is to gently dislodge the modified film from the quartz substrate, yielding nanosheets or nanoparticles.
[0032] The purpose of washing: Washing with deionized water and ethanol alternately removes trace impurities or adsorbates that may be generated by the electrochemical process.
[0033] The purpose of vacuum drying is to obtain dry powder while avoiding secondary oxidation.
[0034] One objective of this invention is to provide an electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst, prepared by the method described above.
[0035] One object of the present invention is to provide the application of the aforementioned pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst in the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction.
[0036] One object of the present invention is to provide an application of the electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst as an oxygen evolution reaction electrode catalyst in an acidic electrolyte.
[0037] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention facilitates the production of high-purity SRIO@E catalysts by using ruthenium oxide and iridium oxide powders as ruthenium and iridium sources. It provides particularly significant guidance for the synthesis of noble metal-based perovskite materials.
[0038] This invention employs a simple and easy-to-implement electrical pulse treatment strategy to remove some oxygen atoms from the catalyst, increasing the number of unpaired electrons available for the catalytic reaction and thus improving reaction activity. Furthermore, this electrical pulse treatment strategy is simple and controllable to operate, has broad applicability, and is expected to meet the needs of industrial production. Attached Figure Description
[0039] Figure 1 The XRD patterns of the catalyst before and after electro-pulse treatment are shown. Figure 2 The electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of the catalyst before and after electrical pulse treatment are shown. Figure 3 The electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity of different catalysts in acidic medium (pH=1) is shown. Figure 4 The electrocatalytic oxygen evolution stability diagrams of different catalysts in acidic media (pH=1) are shown. Detailed Implementation
[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0041] Example 1: A method for preparing an electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Dissolve 0.5 mmol strontium nitrate, 0.4 mmol ruthenium oxide, and 0.1 mmol iridium oxide in 20 mL of deionized water and sonicate at 40 °C for 1 hour. During this time, add 10 mL of HNO3 dropwise to the solution to obtain solution A. Step 2: Dissolve 2 mmol of citric acid monohydrate and 1 mmol of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in 20 mL of deionized water as a complexing agent for metal ions, and stir thoroughly to obtain solution B. Step 3: Transfer solution A from step (1) to a stirring table and stir at 800 rpm. Add pre-prepared solution B dropwise to solution A and stir continuously for 1 hour under argon atmosphere protection to obtain a precursor solution with multi-metal complex. Step 4: Transfer the precursor liquid from step (3) to a rotary evaporator. Under the protection of argon gas flow (20 sccm), control the rotation speed at 1000 rpm and the evaporation temperature at 80°C. After evaporation is completed, obtain the colloidal precursor. Step 5: Transfer the colloidal precursor from step (4) to a vacuum drying oven at 120°C for 10 hours to obtain a dehydrated solid precursor. Step 6: Transfer the dried precursor from step (5) to a muffle furnace and sinter at 400°C for 6 hours in air to remove excess organic complexes and obtain a multi-metal element composite precursor. Step 7: Place the precursor from step (6) into a ball mill and ball mill for 30 minutes at a speed of 600 rpm to obtain a precursor powder with uniform particle size. Step 8: Place the powder from step (7) into a muffle furnace and sinter at 1000℃ for 12 hours in air to obtain noble metal Ru-Ir based perovskite nanoparticles: SrRu 0.8 Ir 0.2 O3 (labeled as SRIO); Step 9: Take 20 mg of SRIO nanoparticles obtained in step (8), disperse them evenly in 10 mL of deionized water, and sonicate for 30 minutes to obtain a uniformly dispersed SRIO suspension. Step 10: Use a pipette to take 100 μL of the suspension from step (9) and drop it onto a pre-cleaned quartz substrate (1 cm * 2 cm). Place the quartz substrate on a spin coater and control the rotation speed to 1000 rpm for 2 seconds. Repeat this operation 20 times to obtain a smooth and dense SRIO film.
[0042] Example 2: Based on Example 1, this example involves attaching electrodes to both sides of the catalyst film on a quartz substrate, and applying an external voltage source to perform electrical pulse treatment on the film. The specific steps are as follows: Step 11: Electrodes are attached to both sides of the SRIO film obtained in step (10). Under the protection of argon atmosphere, the SRIO film is subjected to an electric pulse treatment for 2 seconds by an external voltage source, wherein the electric field strength is 40V / cm. Step 12: Place the thin film substrate after the electrical pulse treatment in step (11) into an ultrasonic machine for ultrasonic treatment to peel the sample off the quartz substrate. Wash it three times alternately with deionized water and ethanol, and then vacuum dry it to obtain the high-entropy pyrochlore nanoparticles after electrical treatment (labeled as: SRIO@E).
[0043] Figure 1 The XRD patterns of the products prepared in Examples 1 and 2 of this invention show that the structure of the catalyst did not change significantly under the electrical pulse treatment of this intensity.
[0044] Figure 2 The signal difference in the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of the products prepared in Examples 1 and 2 of this invention shows that the g value mainly affected by the electrical pulse stimulation is around 2.003. This indicates that the detected signal difference originates from the increase in the number of unpaired electrons caused by the loss of oxygen atoms in the catalyst. Furthermore, since the intensity of the ESR signal difference is proportional to the number of oxygen atoms lost, it can be seen that electrical pulse treatment (SRIO@E) on the original catalyst (SRIO) induces the loss of some oxygen atoms and an increase in the number of unpaired electrons, which will be beneficial to improving the catalytic activity.
[0045] Figure 3 The graphs show the oxygen evolution activity of the products prepared in Examples 1 and 2 of this invention in 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte. It can be seen that, compared to Example 1, when the current density is 10 mA / cm², the oxygen evolution activity is significantly higher. 2 In Example 2, the overpotential decreased from 300 mV to 245 mV. This indicates that with the partial loss of oxygen atoms, the number of free electrons increases, the carrier transport efficiency between the reaction intermediates and the reactive sites improves, and the oxygen evolution reaction kinetics accelerates. Furthermore, when the current density is 10 mA / cm²... 2 At that time, the overpotentials of both Example 1 and Example 2 were lower than those of commercial IrO2 catalysts (400mV), indicating that the two catalysts prepared in this invention have high oxygen evolution activity.
[0046] Figure 4 The graphs show the stability of oxygen evolution during water electrolysis in 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte for Examples 1 and 2 prepared according to this invention. It can be seen that, compared to Example 1, when the maintaining current density is 10 mA / cm², the stability is significantly improved. 2 During continuous reaction, Example 2 showed no significant degradation after 100 hours, demonstrating excellent stability in the acidic oxygen evolution reaction. This indicates that in Example 2 prepared in this invention, although some oxygen atoms are missing, the remaining metal-oxygen covalent bonds can still maintain the stability of the catalyst crystal structure, thus Example 2 has the potential for industrial application.
[0047] In summary, the novel catalyst obtained through simple electrical pulse treatment in noble metal-based perovskite catalysts used in the oxygen evolution reaction of acidic water electrolysis exhibits considerable improvements in oxygen evolution reaction activity and stability.
Claims
1. A method for preparing an electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst, characterized in that, The method involves attaching electrodes to both sides of an SRIO thin film prepared from strontium nitrate, ruthenium oxide, and iridium oxide, and then subjecting the SRIO thin film to electrical pulse treatment via an external voltage source under argon atmosphere protection.
2. The method for preparing an electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that, The SRIO film was subjected to a 2-second electrical pulse treatment using an external voltage source, with an electric field strength of 40V / cm.
3. The method for preparing an electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing SRIO thin films includes the following steps: Step 1: Dissolve strontium nitrate, ruthenium oxide, and iridium oxide in nitric acid to obtain metal ion solution A; Step 2: Prepare complexing agent solution B using citric acid monohydrate and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Step 3: Under argon protection, complexing agent solution B is added dropwise to metal ion solution A to obtain a precursor solution for multi-metal element complexation; Step 4: The precursor liquid described in Step 3 is rotary evaporated at 80°C under argon protection to obtain the colloidal precursor. Step 5: Vacuum dry the colloidal precursor from step 4 to obtain a dehydrated solid precursor. Step 6: The dehydrated solid precursor from step 5 is subjected to high-temperature sintering to obtain a multi-metal element composite precursor. Step 7: Ball mill the precursor from step 6 to obtain precursor powder; Step 8: The powder from step 7 is sintered at high temperature to obtain ruthenium-iridium based perovskite nanoparticles SRIO. Step 9: Take the SRIO nanoparticles obtained in Step 8 and disperse them ultrasonically in deionized water to obtain an SRIO suspension. Step 10: Prepare SRIO thin films on inert substrates using spin coating.
4. A method for preparing an electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Dissolve 0.5 mmol strontium nitrate, 0.4 mmol ruthenium oxide, and 0.1 mmol iridium oxide in 20 mL of deionized water and sonicate at 40 °C for 1 hour. During this time, add 10 mL of HNO3 dropwise to the solution to obtain solution A. Step 2: Dissolve 2 mmol of citric acid monohydrate and 1 mmol of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in 20 mL of deionized water as a complexing agent for metal ions, and stir thoroughly to obtain solution B. Step 3: Transfer solution A from step 1 to a stirring table and stir at 800 rpm. Add solution B prepared in step 2 dropwise to solution A and stir continuously for 1 hour under argon atmosphere protection to obtain a precursor solution with multi-metal element complex. Step 4: Transfer the precursor liquid from Step 3 to a rotary evaporator. Under the protection of argon gas flow, control the rotation speed at 1000 rpm and the evaporation temperature at 80°C. After evaporation is completed, the colloidal precursor is obtained. Step 5: Transfer the colloidal precursor from Step 4 to a vacuum drying oven at 120°C for 10 hours to obtain a dehydrated solid precursor. Step 6: Transfer the dehydrated solid precursor from Step 5 to a muffle furnace and sinter at 400°C for 6 hours in air to remove excess organic complexes and obtain a multi-metal element composite precursor. Step 7: Place the precursor from Step 6 into a ball mill and ball mill for 30 minutes at a speed of 600 rpm to obtain a precursor powder with uniform particle size. Step 8: Place the powder from Step 7 into a muffle furnace and sinter at 1000°C for 12 hours in air to obtain ruthenium-iridium based perovskite nanoparticles SRIO. Step 9: Take the SRIO nanoparticles obtained in Step 8, disperse them evenly in 10 mL of deionized water, and sonicate for 30 minutes to obtain a uniformly dispersed SRIO suspension. Step 10: Use a pipette to take the suspension from step 9 and drop it onto a pre-cleaned quartz substrate. Place the quartz substrate on a spin coater, control the rotation speed to 1000 rpm, and spin coat for 2 seconds. Repeat this operation 20 times to obtain a smooth and dense SRIO film. Step 11: Overlap electrodes are attached to both sides of the SRIO film obtained in step 10. Under the protection of argon atmosphere, the SRIO film is subjected to an electric pulse treatment for 2 seconds by an external voltage source, wherein the electric field strength is 40V / cm. Step 12: Place the thin film substrate after the electrical pulse treatment in step 11 into an ultrasonic machine for ultrasonic treatment to peel the sample off the quartz substrate. Wash it three times alternately with deionized water and ethanol, and then vacuum dry it to obtain the high-entropy pyrochlore nanoparticles SRIO@E after electrical treatment.
5. An electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst, characterized in that, It is prepared by the method described in claim 4.
6. An application of the electropulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst as described in claim 5, wherein the application is in the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction.
7. An application of the electrically pulse-activated perovskite oxygen evolution reaction catalyst as described in claim 5, wherein the application is as an electrode catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction in an acidic electrolyte.