A catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention discloses a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst, its preparation method, and its application. The hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst comprises the following steps: S1: Dissolving an amine compound in a solvent, adding a transition metal salt, and after the transition metal salt dissolves, adding a platinum source and stirring to disperse it evenly to obtain a mixed solution; S2: Heating the mixed solution to dryness, and grinding the dried powder evenly in a mortar to obtain a precursor powder; S3: Calcining the precursor powder in an inert gas atmosphere, then soaking the calcined product in acid, washing until neutral, and drying to obtain the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst. Due to its unique structure, the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst of this invention exhibits excellent stability under strong acid and high voltage conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of catalysts, and specifically relates to a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the large-scale exploitation and utilization of fossil fuels has led to their depletion and environmental pollution. Developing clean energy can effectively alleviate environmental pollution and the energy crisis. Hydrogen has a high energy density (120 kJ / g). -1 Hydrogen is considered one of the most important clean energy sources for alleviating the energy crisis and environmental problems. For large-scale hydrogen production, water electrolysis may be a green and efficient alternative, as it can be driven by wind, solar, and tidal energy, achieving near-zero emissions. However, water electrolysis technology typically requires high overpotentials, leading to excessive consumption of resources and energy, and faces the challenge of using high doses of precious metal electrocatalysts to effectively reduce battery voltage. The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), as the cathode reaction in water electrolysis, is typically catalyzed by precious metal electrocatalysts such as platinum (Pt), palladium, ruthenium, and iridium. Therefore, developing high-performance, low-cost HER electrocatalysts is crucial for the efficient commercialization of water electrolysis technology.

[0003] Single-atom electrocatalysts, which minimize metal nanoparticles to single atoms and serve as active sites exposed to active species, have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent catalytic activity resulting from maximizing the utilization of metals and tunable unsaturated coordination environments. In this regard, platinum single-atom (Pt-SAs) electrocatalysts have been extensively studied and are considered promising. However, most Pt-SAs electrocatalysts only exhibit superior acidic HER catalysis, while their performance in basic HER catalysis remains to be improved. Unlike acidic HER, water dissociation is the dominant step in basic HER catalysis. Therefore, anchoring Pt-SAs on a matrix with high water dissociation capacity may be an effective method for constructing Pt-SAs electrocatalysts that exhibit high HER catalytic efficiency in electrolytes with a wide pH range (1-14). Furthermore, the combination of electron-metal-support interactions with orbital rehybridization and charge transfer through the metal-support heterointerface effectively modulates the electrochemical adsorption / desorption of reaction intermediates and regulates the d-band structure of the metal atoms. Therefore, developing efficient, low-loading Pt-based single-atom catalysts can provide direction for the rational design of excellent hydrogen production electrocatalysts.

[0004] Therefore, given the technical deficiencies of the catalysts currently used in the hydrogen evolution reaction, it is necessary to improve and enhance them. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and to provide a method for preparing hydrogen evolution catalysts by anchoring Pt atoms to transition metals.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention to achieve the above objective is: a method for preparing a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Dissolve an amine compound in a solvent, add a transition metal salt, and after the transition metal salt dissolves, add a platinum source and stir to disperse evenly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0008] S2. Heat the mixed solution to dryness, and grind the dried powder evenly in a mortar and pestle to obtain precursor powder;

[0009] S3. The precursor powder is calcined in an inert gas atmosphere, the calcined product is then soaked in acid, washed until neutral, and dried to obtain the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst.

[0010] Furthermore, the amine compound is one or a mixture of more of the following: cyanamide, dicyandiamide, melamine, and urea.

[0011] Furthermore, the transition metal salt is a nickel salt, an iron salt, or a cobalt salt, wherein the nickel salt is nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate, or nickel sulfate; the iron salt is ferric nitrate, ferric chloride, ferric acetate, or ferric sulfate; and the cobalt salt is cobalt nitrate, cobalt chloride, cobalt acetate, or cobalt sulfate.

[0012] Furthermore, the platinum source is chloroplatinic acid, potassium chloroplatinate, or cisplatin.

[0013] Furthermore, the molar ratio of the platinum source, transition metal salt, and amine compound is 0.01-0.1:1-10:10-100.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific calcination conditions in S3 are as follows: calcination at 300-500℃ for 1-3 hours at a rate of 1-10℃ / min, followed by calcination at 600-1000℃ for 1-6 hours at a rate of 1-10℃ / min.

[0015] Furthermore, in S2, the temperature at which the mixed solution is evaporated to dryness is 50-120℃.

[0016] Furthermore, the acid washing in S3 utilizes 0.5-2 mol L... -1 Wash with hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid solution.

[0017] The present invention also provides a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst prepared by the preparation method described above.

[0018] The present invention also provides the application of the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst described above in acidic and basic electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

[0019] The key features of this invention are as follows: During the preparation of the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst, the precursor is first heated at a low temperature. The organic precursor containing carbon and nitrogen undergoes violent decomposition into organic vapor, which is readily embedded in the transition metal (iron, cobalt, and nickel) structure anchored by Pt single atoms obtained from the pyrolysis of a platinum source. These transition metal nanoparticles can serve as catalysts for the growth of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes at higher temperatures (600-1000℃), catalyzing the growth of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes while simultaneously achieving nitrogen doping of the nitrogen source organic precursor. Furthermore, a morphology is formed where nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes coat Pt single atoms anchored on the transition metal nanoparticles. Because nitrogen doping alters the complete structure of the carbon nanotubes, creating defects, these defects become active sites for the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst, facilitating the hydrogen evolution reaction. Nitrogen doping also benefits the loading of Pt single atoms, altering the outer electron configuration of Pt, thereby reducing its adsorption of active species and promoting the reaction rate. Simultaneously, the use of a single-atom engineering design strategy reduces the amount of precious metal Pt. The content of Pt reduces costs, and the Pt single atom anchoring on a matrix with high water dissociation ability further improves the catalytic performance and stability of the hydrogen evolution reaction. The catalyst preparation process of this invention has the advantages of simple method, easy operation and control, relatively low catalyst price, and green environmental protection.

[0020] The hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst of this invention exhibits excellent stability under strong acid and high voltage conditions due to its unique structure. This is because the Pt single-atom-anchored transition metal nanoparticles are well protected by nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes, preventing nanoparticle aggregation and external corrosion. Furthermore, the nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube structure enhances the catalyst's electron transport rate, accelerating the reaction. The resulting hollow tube structure also increases the catalyst's specific surface area, exposing more active sites and significantly improving the catalyst's hydrogen evolution reaction catalytic performance.

[0021] This invention provides a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst with high Pt atom utilization. It utilizes nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as a substrate and encapsulates Pt single-atom-anchored transition metals as an excellent wide-pH HER catalyst, exhibiting good HER performance and stability across a wide pH range. For example, the prepared Pt single-atom-anchored catalyst on nickel nanoparticles demonstrates excellent HER performance, with mass activities in acidic and alkaline media increasing by approximately two orders of magnitude compared to commercial Pt / C catalysts, by 146 times and 70 times, respectively. In acidic media, the surface-anchored platinum single atoms not only act as highly active HER catalytic sites due to the downward shift of the d-band center but also protect the nickel nanoparticle support from corrosion at -10 mA cm⁻¹. -2 and -100mA cm -2It operates stably for 50 hours at current density, demonstrating excellent stability. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 The images are scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts prepared in Examples 1 and 2 of this application.

[0023] Figure 2 The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts prepared in Examples 1 and 2 of this application are shown.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst prepared in Example 1 of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 An annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope (AC-STEM) of the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst prepared in Example 1 of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) elemental mapping analysis diagram of the catalyst prepared in Example 1 of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 The hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts prepared in Examples 1 and 2, the commercial 20wt% Pt / CB catalyst, and the prepared Pt3Ni alloy supported carbon black catalyst are shown in the hydrogen evolution reaction curves and stability diagrams under 0.5M sulfuric acid electrolyte.

[0028] Figure 7 The hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts prepared in Examples 1 and 2, the commercial 20wt% Pt / CB catalyst, and the prepared Pt3Ni alloy supported carbon black catalyst are shown in the hydrogen evolution reaction curves and stability diagrams under 1M potassium hydroxide electrolyte. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] This invention discloses a method for preparing a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1: Dissolve an amine compound in a solvent, add a transition metal salt, and after the transition metal salt dissolves, add a platinum source and stir to disperse evenly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0032] S2. Heat the mixed solution to dryness, and grind the dried powder evenly in a mortar and pestle to obtain precursor powder;

[0033] S3. The precursor powder is calcined in an inert gas atmosphere, the calcined product is then soaked in acid, washed with deionized water and ethanol until neutral, and dried to obtain the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst.

[0034] The amine compound is one or a mixture of more than one of cyanamide, dicyandiamide, melamine, and urea; the transition metal salt is a nickel salt, iron salt, or cobalt salt, wherein the nickel salt is nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate, or nickel sulfate; the iron salt is ferric nitrate, ferric chloride, ferric acetate, or ferric sulfate; the cobalt salt is cobalt nitrate, cobalt chloride, cobalt acetate, or cobalt sulfate; the platinum source is chloroplatinic acid, potassium chloroplatinate, or cisplatin; the molar ratio of the platinum source, transition metal salt, and amine compound is 0.01-0.1:1-10:10-100; the calcination conditions in S3 are as follows: heating to 300-500℃ at a rate of 1-10℃ / min and calcining for 1-3 hours, then heating to 600-1000℃ at a rate of 1-10℃ / min and calcining for 1-6 hours; the temperature at which the mixed solution is evaporated to dryness in S2 is 50-120℃; the acid washing in S3 is performed using 0.5-2 mol L... -1 Wash with hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid solution.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This invention provides a method for preparing a catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1. Dissolve 0.05g chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6), 3g nickel chloride (NiCl2·6H2O), and 3g dicyandiamide in 300mL of methanol and disperse by ultrasonication for 2h to obtain a mixed solution.

[0038] S2. The mixed solution is continuously stirred and evaporated to dryness at 80℃, and then the powder is ground evenly with a mortar and pestle to obtain a uniform precursor powder.

[0039] S3. The obtained precursor powder was placed in a high-temperature furnace and calcined at 5℃ / min from room temperature to 500℃ for 2 hours in an argon atmosphere, followed by further heating to 800℃ at 5℃ / min and calcining for 2 hours to obtain a black powder; the black powder was then treated with a 1 mol / L solution. -1 The sample was washed with hydrochloric acid solution and then washed with deionized water until the filtrate was neutral. Then, it was vacuum dried at 80°C to obtain the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst (Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT) with nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes coated with Pt single atoms anchored on nickel nanoparticles.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Based on Example 1, a nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube-coated nickel nanoparticle catalyst (Ni / NCNT) was prepared without the addition of a platinum source (chloroplatinic acid).

[0042] Comparative Example 1

[0043] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a Pt3Ni alloy-supported catalyst (Pt3Ni / C) on carbon black. Specifically, 0.3 g of Vulcan XC 72 carbon black sample (purchased from Cabot Corporation, USA) is weighed and added to a three-necked flask. 240 mL of ethylene glycol and 160 mL of deionized water are added, and the mixture is sonicated for 6 h to ensure uniform dispersion. Then, 14.3 mL of H2PtCl6 aqueous solution (10 mg / mL) is added. -1 The catalyst was prepared by sonication with 0.03 g NiCl2·6H2O for 2 h. Then, the flask was placed in a silicone oil bath, refluxed, protected with nitrogen, stirred and heated to 140 °C for 6 h. After the reaction was completed, the catalyst was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain the comparative sample Pt3Ni / C catalyst.

[0044] Figure 1 The images shown are SEM images of the hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts prepared in Examples 1 and 2 of this application. Figure 1 As can be seen from Example 1 of this application, the nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube-coated Pt single-atom anchored on nickel nanoparticles is a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst; it can be seen that Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT ( Figure 1 a) and Ni / NCNT ( Figure 1 b) The sample has a uniform nanotube structure and is evenly dispersed with a diameter of about 50-100 nm, indicating that the addition of nickel nanoparticles effectively catalyzes the carbonization of dicyandiamide into carbon nanotube structure.

[0045] The X-ray diffraction patterns of the hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts prepared in Examples 1 and 2 of this application were tested, and the results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, Ni / NCNT and Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT exhibit the same diffraction peaks. The peak at 26.5° can be attributed to the (002) plane of graphite carbon, while the diffraction peaks at 44.5°, 51.8°, and 76.4° are characteristic peaks of metallic nickel (PDF#04-0850), corresponding to the (111), (200), and (220) planes of metallic nickel. The metallic nickel nanoparticles are formed by reducing the nickel precursor with dicyandiamide at high temperature. No Pt diffraction peaks were observed in the XRD pattern of Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT, preliminarily indicating that Pt exists in the Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT electrocatalyst in an atomically dispersed form.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a TEM image of the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst prepared in Example 1 of this application; by Figure 3 This indicates that the introduction of Pt single atoms has no significant impact on the structure of Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT catalyst nanotubes. The formed Pt single atoms are anchored on nickel nanoparticles inside the carbon nanotubes, and no other nanoparticles are attached to the outer surface.

[0047] Figure 4 The AC-STEM image of the Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT catalyst prepared in Example 1 of this application also confirmed the formation of metallic nickel nanoparticles with a lattice spacing of 0.21 nm. Notably, the presence of Pt single atoms was clearly observed within the nickel nanoparticles.

[0048] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The TEM images show elemental mapping analysis; where a is a high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF-STEM) image; figures be and b are the elemental distribution maps of C, N, Ni, and Pt, respectively; and figure f is the elemental distribution map of different element combinations. As can be seen from the figures, Pt single atoms anchored on nickel nanoparticles are clearly present within the internal structure of carbon nanotubes. Carbon and nitrogen elements are uniformly distributed on the carbon nanotubes, while Pt and Ni elements are also uniformly distributed on the internal nanoparticles. Figure 5 The distribution of different elements in f clearly shows that Pt single atoms are anchored on nickel nanoparticles and confined inside carbon nanotubes.

[0049] Electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) tests were conducted on the Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT and Ni / NCNT catalysts prepared in Examples 1 and 2 of this application, the Pt3Ni / C catalyst prepared in Comparative Example 1, and a commercial 20 wt% Pt / CB catalyst (purchased from Alfa Aesar). The specific experimental procedures are as follows: The electrochemical tests were performed using a Shanghai Chenhua CHI 760e electrochemical workstation in a standard three-electrode system. A glassy carbon electrode (3 mm in diameter) was used as the working electrode, a graphite rod as the counter electrode, and a saturated calomel electrode and a mercury / mercury oxide electrode as the acidic and basic reference electrodes, respectively. The electrolytes were 0.5 M sulfuric acid solution and 1 M potassium hydroxide solution. Weigh 4.0 mg of the catalyst to be tested and add it to 1 mL of a mixed solution containing 0.8 mL of deionized water, 0.18 mL of isopropanol, and 0.02 mL of Nafion solution (5 wt%). Then sonicate for 0.5 h to obtain a uniform dispersion. Add 5 μL of the dispersion evenly to a glassy carbon electrode and allow it to air dry. The loading is 0.285 mg / cm³. -2For the hydrogen evolution reaction test, nitrogen gas was first purged into the 0.5M sulfuric acid solution and 1M potassium hydroxide solution for 30 minutes to purge air from the electrolyte. Then, the electrolyte was assembled and subjected to cyclic voltammetry (CV) testing at 50 mV / s. -1 The scan rate was from 0 to 1.2 V relative to a standard hydrogen electrode, and the cycle was repeated 15 times to activate the catalyst working electrode. Then, the scan rate was increased to 5 mV / s. -1 Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) curves were performed on different catalysts at sweep rates from 0 to -0.5 V relative to a standard hydrogen electrode, and the LSV experimental data were recorded. Stability was evaluated by cycling the voltammetric potentials relative to the standard hydrogen electrode from -0.4 V to 0.1 V. The results are as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown.

[0050] The catalytic activity of HER was evaluated in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ solution. Figure 6 As shown in figure a, commercial 20% Pt / C exhibits fairly excellent HER activity, -1 mA cm⁻¹. -2 and -10mA cm -2 The overpotentials at the current densities are 8 mV and 36 mV. The Pt3Ni / C catalyst requires overpotentials of 10 mV and 43 mV to reach -1 mA cm⁻¹. -2 and -10mA cm -2 Current density. In contrast, Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT only requires 6mV and 24mV overpotentials to achieve -1mA cm⁻¹. -2 and -10mA cm -2 Current density. Furthermore, at high current densities (>100 mA cm⁻¹) -2 At high current densities, the Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT catalyst exhibits excellent HER catalytic activity, while the Ni / NCNT catalyst shows little activity. Furthermore, the low overpotential of Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT at high current densities indicates that even when Pt-SAs are embedded within NCNTs, reactants can effectively diffuse to the active sites. Reaction kinetics were analyzed... Figure 6 The Tafel slope obtained in b was evaluated, and the Tafel slope of Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT was as low as 19.8 mV dec. -1 It is lower than Pt / C (30.7mVdec) -1 ) and Pt3Ni / C (34.6mV dec -1 This demonstrates that faster proton-coupled electron transfer occurs in Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT, following a different HER mechanism (Volmer-Tafel) than in Pt / C and Pt3Ni / C. Figure 6As shown in Figure c, stability was evaluated by cyclic voltammetric potential cycling. After 10,000 potential cycles, the catalytic activity of the Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT catalyst did not show a significant decrease. Figure 6 As shown in d, Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT can operate at -10 mA cm -2 and -100mA cm -2 The HER performance maintained at the current density for 50 hours highlights its excellent stability in the hydrogen evolution reaction under strongly acidic conditions.

[0051] Meanwhile, the activity of the HER catalyst was tested in 1M KOH solution. Figure 7 As shown in a, commercial Pt / C at -1 mAcm -2 and -10mA cm -2 The overpotentials at current densities were 16 mV and 52 mV, exhibiting good basic HER activity; Pt3Ni / C showed better basic HER catalytic activity than commercial Pt / C, requiring only 9 mV and 38 mV overpotentials to reach -1 mA cm⁻¹. -2 and -10mA cm -2 The current density is due to the introduction of nickel atoms for effective water dissociation. In particular, the Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT catalyst exhibits excellent HER catalytic activity, requiring only 2mV and 23mV to reach -1mA cm⁻¹. -2 and -10mA cm -2 The current density is attributed to the presence of atomically dispersed Pt and nickel nanoparticles, while the HER performance in Ni / NCNT is almost negligible. Figure 7 b. Tafel slopes representing reaction kinetics were plotted, with Tafel slopes of 30.8, 31.5, and 35.3 mV for Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT, Pt3Ni / C, and Pt / C, respectively. -1 The relatively low Tafel slope of Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT indicates a similar Volmer-Heyrovsky mechanism in its alkaline hydrogen evolution catalysis, resulting in faster hydrogen evolution reaction kinetics. This is because nickel nanoparticles are key to the efficient catalysis of HER in alkaline media. Simultaneously, the lifetime of the hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalyst was evaluated through cyclic voltammetry. Figure 7 As shown in Figure c, after 10,000 potential cycles, Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT showed almost no performance degradation. Furthermore, as... Figure 7 As shown in d, the Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT catalyst at -10 mA cm⁻¹ -2 and -100mAcm -2The fact that the current density remained stable after 50 hours of continuous operation demonstrates its excellent stability even under strongly alkaline conditions.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Dissolve an amine compound in a solvent, add a transition metal salt, and after the transition metal salt dissolves, add a platinum source and stir to disperse evenly to obtain a mixed solution; S2: Heat the mixed solution to dryness, and grind the dried powder evenly in a mortar to obtain precursor powder; S3: The precursor powder was calcined in an inert gas atmosphere, and the calcined product was soaked in acid, then washed until neutral, and dried to obtain the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst Pt-SAs@Ni / NCNT, which is a nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube-coated Pt single atom anchored on nickel nanoparticles. The molar ratio of the platinum source, transition metal salt, and amine compound is 0.01-0.1:1-10:10-100; The transition metal salt is a nickel salt, an iron salt, or a cobalt salt, wherein the nickel salt is nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate, or nickel sulfate, the iron salt is ferric nitrate, ferric chloride, ferric acetate, or ferric sulfate, and the cobalt salt is cobalt nitrate, cobalt chloride, cobalt acetate, or cobalt sulfate. The platinum source is chloroplatinic acid, potassium chloroplatinate, or cisplatin. The amine compound is one or a mixture of more than one of cyanamide, dicyandiamide, melamine and urea; The specific calcination conditions in S3 are as follows: calcination at 300-500℃ for 1-3 hours at a rate of 1-10℃ / min, followed by calcination at 600-1000℃ for 1-6 hours at a rate of 1-10℃ / min.

2. The method for preparing a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the temperature at which the mixed solution is evaporated to dryness is 50-120℃.

3. The method for preparing a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The acid washing in S3 uses 0.5-2 mol L... -1 Wash with hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid solution.

4. A hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-3.

5. The application of the hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst as described in claim 4 in acidic and basic electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

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