A driving method and system for a transparent LCD display based on local dimming

Abstract

This invention discloses a driving method and system for a transparent LCD display based on local dimming, relating to the field of local dimming technology for transparent LCD displays. The method includes: dividing the transparent LCD display into multiple driving zones and collecting the ambient light intensity of each driving zone; establishing a transparent display optical perception model; extracting a set of perception indicators; performing driving solution and outputting a combination of driving parameters for each driving zone; and executing a fusion drive of the transparent LCD display according to the multiple driving parameter combinations. This invention solves the technical problem in existing technologies where the driving of a transparent LCD display is difficult to adapt to the differences in ambient light and dynamic changes in image perception, resulting in poor coordination of display brightness, transparency, and local contrast, and insufficient driving accuracy. It achieves precise driving of each driving zone of the transparent LCD display to adapt to the needs of ambient light and image perception, improving the synergistic optimization effect of display brightness, transparency, and local contrast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of local dimming technology for transparent LCD displays, and specifically to a driving method and system for transparent LCD displays based on local dimming. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, transparent LCD displays are increasingly widely used in automotive displays, smart shop windows, and other scenarios. However, existing driving technologies mostly adopt a uniform dimming mode across the entire area, which does not fully consider the differences in ambient light intensity in different areas. Furthermore, they lack the ability to dynamically adapt to perceived indicators such as brightness requirements, transparency, and local contrast in the displayed image. Traditional driving methods have not established a coupling model for liquid crystal light transmission, backlight emission, and ambient light penetration, making it difficult to balance the transparency effect and image display quality of transparent displays. At the same time, when facing dynamically changing display scenarios, the driving response speed and parameter coordination are insufficient, which can easily lead to problems such as uneven brightness in different areas, conflicts between transparency and contrast, and image synchronization deviations. These issues cannot meet users' display needs for high precision and high adaptability of transparent displays.

[0003] In existing technologies, the driving mechanism for transparent LCD displays is difficult to adapt to the differences in ambient light in different zones and the dynamic changes in the perceived image, resulting in poor coordination of display brightness, transparency, and local contrast, as well as insufficient driving accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a driving method and system for a transparent LCD display based on local dimming, which addresses the technical problem in the prior art where the driving of a transparent LCD display is difficult to adapt to the differences in ambient light and dynamic changes in image perception, resulting in poor coordination of display brightness, transparency and local contrast, and insufficient driving accuracy.

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides a driving method and system for an LCD transparent display screen based on local dimming.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a driving method for a transparent LCD display screen based on local dimming, the method comprising: The transparent LCD display is divided into multiple driving zones, and the ambient light intensity of each driving zone is collected. A transparent display optical perception model is established, which includes coupled modeling of liquid crystal transmittance and backlight brightness, and ambient light and ambient transmission coefficient. A set of perception indicators is extracted, which includes display brightness requirements, transparency indicators, and local contrast ratios obtained by perceiving the display screen. Based on the set of perception indicators, the transparent display optical perception model is solved to output the driving parameter combination for each driving zone, including the liquid crystal driving voltage matrix and the backlight PWM matrix. The fusion driving of the transparent LCD display is executed according to the multiple driving parameter combinations corresponding to the multiple driving zones.

[0007] A second aspect of this application provides a driving system for a transparent LCD display based on local dimming, the system comprising: An ambient light intensity acquisition module is used to divide the transparent LCD display screen into multiple driving zones and acquire the ambient light intensity of each driving zone; a perception model establishment module is used to establish a transparent display optical perception model, which includes coupled modeling of liquid crystal transmittance and backlight brightness, and ambient light and ambient transmission coefficient; a perception index set extraction module is used to extract a set of perception indicators, which includes display brightness requirements, transparency index, and local contrast ratio obtained from perceiving the display screen; a driving parameter combination output module is used to solve the transparent display optical perception model based on the set of perception indicators and output the driving parameter combination for each driving zone, including the liquid crystal driving voltage matrix and the backlight PWM matrix; a fusion driving module is used to execute the fusion driving of the transparent LCD display screen according to the multiple driving parameter combinations corresponding to the multiple driving zones.

[0008] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The transparent LCD display is divided into multiple driving zones, and the ambient light intensity of each driving zone is collected. A transparent display optical perception model is established; a set of perception indicators is extracted; the transparent display optical perception model is solved based on the set of perception indicators, and the driving parameter combination for each driving zone is output; the fusion driving of the transparent LCD display is executed according to the multiple driving parameter combinations corresponding to the multiple driving zones. This achieves precise driving of each driving zone of the transparent LCD display to adapt to the ambient light and image perception requirements, and improves the synergistic optimization effect of display brightness, transparency, and local contrast. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of a driving method for an LCD transparent display screen based on local dimming, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a driving system for an LCD transparent display screen based on local dimming, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0011] Figure labeling: Ambient light intensity acquisition module 10, perception model establishment module 20, perception index set extraction module 30, driving parameter combination output module 40, fusion driving module 50. Detailed Implementation

[0012] This application provides a driving method and system for a transparent LCD display based on local dimming, which addresses the technical problem in the prior art where the driving of a transparent LCD display is difficult to adapt to the differences in ambient light and dynamic changes in image perception, resulting in poor coordination of display brightness, transparency and local contrast, and insufficient driving accuracy.

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0014] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a driving method for an LCD transparent display screen based on local dimming, the method comprising: Step S100: Divide the LCD transparent display screen into multiple driving zones and collect the ambient light intensity of each driving zone.

[0015] Specifically, based on the physical size, pixel distribution density, and regional perception requirements of the LCD transparent display screen, a uniform grid division or adaptive dynamic division strategy is adopted to divide the display screen into several independent and continuous driving zones, ensuring that the boundaries of each zone are clear, the coverage is complete, and the size of the zone is adapted to the optical perception accuracy. Then, through an ambient light sensor array deployed on the edge or back of the display screen, ambient light intensity is collected for each driving zone. During the collection process, the zone position coordinates and collection timestamp are recorded simultaneously to ensure that the collected data is accurately associated with the corresponding driving zone, and finally, the real-time ambient light intensity data of each driving zone in the current environment is obtained.

[0016] Step S200: Establish a transparent display optical perception model, which includes the coupled modeling of liquid crystal transmittance and backlight brightness, and ambient light and ambient transmission coefficient.

[0017] Specifically, when establishing the optical perception model for transparent displays, the core focus is on the three light fields of the LCD transparent display screen: ambient light transmission, liquid crystal transmission, and backlight emission coupling characteristics. A multi-physical quantity correlation modeling approach is employed: First, the transmittance curve of the liquid crystal panel is measured using an optical characteristic testing system to establish a nonlinear mapping relationship between liquid crystal transmittance and driving voltage and backlight brightness, constructing a T=f(V, B) function model, where T is the liquid crystal transmittance, V is the driving voltage, and B is the backlight brightness. Temperature compensation calibration is then performed using transmittance offset data at different temperatures. Simultaneously, an ambient light sensor array is used to collect ambient light data under different light intensities and incident angles. A ray tracing algorithm is used to simulate the propagation path of ambient light penetrating the liquid crystal panel, establishing the ambient light intensity L... env The dynamic correlation model with the environmental transmittance coefficient τ is τ=g(L env θ), where θ is the incident angle of ambient light. Finally, based on the principle of light field superposition, the above sub-models are coupled and integrated to construct a complete transparent display optical perception model. This model can be expressed by formula L. perceived =T×B+τ×L env Quantifying the brightness perceived by the human eye, L perceived To ultimately perceive brightness, dynamic coupling calculations of liquid crystal transmittance, backlight brightness, ambient light, and ambient transmission coefficient are achieved, providing accurate optical theoretical support for subsequent driving parameter solutions.

[0018] Step S300: Extract a set of perception indicators, which includes display brightness requirements, perspective indicators, and local contrast ratios obtained by perceiving the display screen.

[0019] Specifically, the process begins by capturing the entire display screen of the LCD transparent display, obtaining the actual display brightness of each driving zone through a brightness sensing component, and determining the display brightness requirement based on the grayscale level requirements of the displayed content. Based on the coupling relationship between ambient light and ambient transmission coefficient in the transparent display optical perception model, the image clarity after ambient light penetration is quantified, and the transparency index of each driving zone is extracted. Local contrast is obtained by calculating the brightness difference and ratio between the target area and the background area within each driving zone. Subsequently, the brightness perception dynamic rate (the average grayscale value change rate between the current frame and historical frames), the transparency perception dynamic rate (the unit change amplitude of ambient light), and the contrast perception dynamic rate (the brightness change between adjacent zone frames) are calculated to form a set of perception dynamic rates. This set is compared with a dynamically configured preset dynamic rate threshold, assigning a slow perception label or a fast perception label to each perception index. Finally, a complete set of perception indicators, including labeled display brightness requirements, transparency index, and local contrast, is formed.

[0020] Step S400: Based on the set of perception indicators, drive the solution of the transparent display optical perception model and output the driving parameter combination of each driving zone, including the liquid crystal driving voltage matrix and the backlight PWM matrix.

[0021] Specifically, a dual-channel model architecture including a slow channel, a fast channel, and a dual-channel fusion layer is first constructed. For perception indicators carrying the slow perception label, the reference brightness of each driving zone is calculated using a transparent display optical perception model. Then, the first set of driving solution sequences containing transmittance and backlight brightness is obtained by solving the global optimization objective function of the slow channel. For perception indicators carrying the fast perception label, the display error and local contrast requirement indicators are analyzed, and the second set of driving solution sequences is obtained by solving the perturbation correction function of the fast channel. Subsequently, the first fusion coefficient and the second fusion coefficient are obtained. The transmittance parameters of each driving zone are calculated by combining the transmittance and fusion coefficient of the two sets of sequences, and the backlight brightness parameters are calculated by combining the backlight brightness of the two sets of sequences and the fusion coefficient. Finally, through liquid crystal driving voltage mapping and backlight PWM mapping, the driving parameter combination of each driving zone containing the liquid crystal driving voltage matrix and the backlight PWM matrix is ​​output.

[0022] Step S500: Execute the fusion drive of the LCD transparent display screen according to the combination of multiple drive parameters corresponding to the multiple drive partitions.

[0023] Specifically, the driving parameter combinations output by each driving zone, including the liquid crystal driving voltage matrix and the backlight PWM matrix, are first synchronously controlled and fused. The execution time nodes of the parameters of each zone are aligned through a timing calibration algorithm to avoid display deviations caused by driving delays, and multiple driving parameter combinations after synchronous control are output. Then, the synchronized driving parameter combinations are precisely allocated according to the spatial index coordinates of each driving zone. The liquid crystal driving voltage matrix is ​​transmitted to the liquid crystal control unit of the corresponding zone and the backlight PWM matrix is ​​transmitted to the backlight driving unit of the corresponding zone through the zone driving interface of the display screen. The liquid crystal light transmittance regulation and backlight brightness adjustment of each driving zone are executed synchronously to realize the full-domain fusion driving of the LCD transparent display screen and ensure the consistency and stability of the display screen.

[0024] In one possible implementation, step S300 further includes: Step S310: Calculate the perceived dynamic rate for the display brightness requirement, transparency index, and local contrast ratio respectively, and obtain a set of perceived dynamic rates.

[0025] Step S320: Compare the set of perceived dynamic rates with the preset dynamic rate threshold to obtain the slow perception label and fast perception label of each driving partition, and drive the solution of the transparent display optical perception model according to the set of perception indicators carrying the slow perception label and fast perception label.

[0026] Specifically, precise perceptual dynamic rate calculations are performed for the three core perceptual metrics of each driving partition to construct a complete perceptual dynamic rate set: For display brightness requirements, grayscale data of the current frame and N consecutive historical frames (N≥3) of each driving partition are extracted using a frame buffer reading tool. After calculating the average grayscale value of each frame, the brightness perceptual dynamic rate is obtained using the formula (average grayscale value of the current frame - average grayscale value of historical frames) / average grayscale value of historical frames; For the perspective metric, the change in ambient light intensity per unit time (e.g., 100ms) is calculated by combining the real-time ambient light intensity acquisition data of each driving partition, and this is used as the perspective perceptual dynamic rate; For local contrast, the target area and background area of ​​each driving partition are extracted using an image segmentation algorithm. After calculating the brightness difference between the two, the average inter-frame brightness change of this partition and the four adjacent driving partitions is further obtained, and this is used as the contrast perceptual dynamic rate. Finally, the three types of dynamic rates are integrated to form a perceptual dynamic rate set.

[0027] First, by traversing the perceived dynamic rate data of all driving zones of the display screen, the average of the three types of perceived dynamic rates of each zone is calculated and the global average is taken, and a preset dynamic rate threshold is dynamically configured. Then, the perceived dynamic rate of brightness, perceived dynamic rate of transparency, and perceived dynamic rate of contrast of each driving zone are compared with the preset threshold. Perception indicators with values ​​less than the threshold are marked with a slow perception label, and those greater than or equal to the threshold are marked with a fast perception label. Next, a dual-channel model architecture containing a slow channel, a fast channel, and a dual-channel fusion layer is constructed. The slow channel calls the global optimization objective function to calculate the reference brightness of the indicators with slow perception labels based on the transparent display optical perception model and solves to obtain the first set of driving solution sequences. The fast channel analyzes the display error and local contrast requirements of the indicators with fast perception labels through a perturbation correction function and solves to obtain the second set of driving solution sequences. Finally, the first fusion coefficient and the second fusion coefficient are obtained, and the final parameters are calculated by combining the transmittance and backlight brightness of the two sets of sequences. After liquid crystal driving voltage mapping and backlight PWM mapping, the driving solution of the transparent display optical perception model is completed and the driving parameter combination of each zone is output.

[0028] In one possible implementation, step S320 further includes: Step S321: Construct a dual-channel model architecture, which includes a slow channel, a fast channel, and a dual-channel fusion layer.

[0029] Step S322: The slow channel analyzes the perception indicators carrying the slow perception label in the perception indicator set to obtain the first set of driving solution sequences.

[0030] Step S323: The fast channel analyzes the perception indicators carrying the fast perception label in the perception indicator set to obtain the second set of driving solution sequences.

[0031] Step S324: The dual-channel fusion layer fuses the first set of driver solution sequences and the second set of driver solution sequences to output the driver parameter combination for each driver partition.

[0032] Specifically, a dual-channel model architecture with classification adaptation and precise fusion as its core logic is constructed. This architecture consists of a slow channel, a fast channel, and a dual-channel fusion layer. The slow channel has a built-in global optimization objective function, which focuses on handling slow-sensing label indicators with smooth dynamic changes and high requirements for baseline stability. The global optimal solution logic ensures the basic reliability of the driving parameters. The fast channel integrates a fast-channel perturbation correction function, which is specifically adapted to fast-sensing label indicators with rapid dynamic changes and real-time response. It relies on a fast perturbation correction algorithm to achieve timely compensation for dynamic errors. The dual-channel fusion layer is equipped with a two-dimensional weighted fusion mechanism and a timing calibration unit. It reserves configurable interfaces for the first fusion coefficient, which adapts to the transmittance parameter, and the second fusion coefficient, which adapts to the backlight brightness parameter. It also has the ability to convert data formats and synchronize the solution sequence. It can accurately integrate the output results of the slow channel and the fast channel to form a unified and adapted driving parameter basis, providing architectural support for the parameter output of each driving partition.

[0033] The slow channel first calls the pre-built transparent display optical perception model, taking the display brightness requirement, transmittance index, and local contrast carrying the slow perception tag from the perception index set as input. Combined with the real-time ambient light intensity data of each driving zone, the model accurately calculates the reference brightness of each driving zone in a stable state through the coupling relationship between liquid crystal transmittance and backlight brightness, and ambient light and ambient transmission coefficient. Then, the global optimization objective function of the slow channel is started, with the maximization of human eye perceived contrast as the core optimization direction. The reference brightness of each driving zone is solved iteratively across the entire domain, and the initial transmittance value and reference backlight brightness value of each driving zone are output simultaneously. The two together constitute the first set of driving solution sequences to ensure display stability and basic adaptability.

[0034] The fast track first conducts targeted analysis on the display brightness requirements, transparency indicators, and local contrast ratios carrying the fast perception tag in the perception indicator set. By comparing the real-time perception indicators of the current driving partition with the theoretical adaptation values ​​output by the transparent display optical perception model, the display error indicators of each partition are quantitatively calculated. At the same time, the actual requirements of local contrast ratio are decomposed in combination with the characteristics of human visual perception to determine the local contrast ratio requirements of each driving partition. Then, the perturbation correction function built into the fast track is called to dynamically perturb and iteratively correct the display parameters of each driving partition with the goal of minimizing display error and optimizing local contrast ratio. The adjusted transmittance and corrected backlight brightness adapted to rapidly changing scenes are obtained. The two together constitute the second set of driving solution sequences to ensure dynamic responsiveness and local display effect.

[0035] The dual-channel fusion layer first obtains a preset first fusion coefficient and a second fusion coefficient, where the fusion coefficient is pre-calibrated based on the dynamic characteristics of the perception index and the display effect requirements. Then, through a weighted fusion algorithm, the transmittance in the first set of driving solution sequences and the transmittance in the second set of driving solution sequences are calculated according to the logic of first set transmittance × first fusion coefficient + second set transmittance × (1 - first fusion coefficient) to obtain the final transmittance parameter of each driving partition. Similarly, by combining the backlight brightness in the two sets of sequences with the second fusion coefficient, the final backlight brightness parameter of each driving partition is obtained. Finally, the liquid crystal driving voltage mapping model is called to convert the transmittance parameter into the corresponding liquid crystal driving voltage matrix. At the same time, through the backlight PWM mapping rule, the backlight brightness parameter is converted into the matching backlight PWM matrix. Finally, the complete driving parameter combination of each driving partition, including the liquid crystal driving voltage matrix and the backlight PWM matrix, is output to ensure that the parameters are adapted to the driving requirements of the transparent display optical perception model.

[0036] In one possible implementation, step S310 further includes: The set of perceived dynamic rates includes luminance perceived dynamic rate, perspective perceived dynamic rate, and contrast perceived dynamic rate.

[0037] The brightness perception dynamic rate is obtained by calculating the rate of change of the average gray value of each driving partition between the current frame and historical frames. The perspective perception dynamic rate is obtained by calculating the unit change amplitude of the ambient light corresponding to each driving partition. The contrast perception dynamic rate is obtained by calculating the inter-frame brightness change between each driving partition and adjacent driving partitions.

[0038] Specifically, the perception dynamic rate set includes three types of dynamic rate parameters that specifically characterize the changes in perception indicators: brightness perception dynamic rate, perspective perception dynamic rate, and contrast perception dynamic rate. Brightness perception dynamic rate is obtained by extracting the current frame grayscale value data and historical multi-frame grayscale value data of each driving partition using frame data parsing technology. After calculating the average grayscale value of each frame, it is obtained using the calculation logic of (current frame average grayscale value - historical frame average grayscale value) / historical frame average grayscale value, accurately reflecting the temporal change in the brightness of the partition display. Perspective perception dynamic rate is based on real-time ambient light intensity data collected from each driving partition, obtained by statistically analyzing the change in ambient light intensity per unit time, intuitively reflecting the impact of ambient light fluctuations on the perspective effect. Contrast perception dynamic rate first acquires the inter-frame brightness data of each driving partition and its adjacent driving partitions, and determines it by calculating the average brightness difference between the target partition and its adjacent partitions, effectively characterizing the dynamic changes in contrast between the partition and its surrounding area. These three types of dynamic rates together constitute a comprehensive perception dynamic rate set that reflects the changing state of perception indicators.

[0039] In one possible implementation, step S310 further includes: The set of perceived dynamic rates is compared with a preset dynamic rate threshold to obtain slow perception tags that are less than the preset dynamic rate threshold and fast perception tags that are greater than or equal to the preset dynamic rate threshold in each driving partition.

[0040] The preset dynamic rate threshold is configured by dynamically calculating the average dynamic rate of the displayed image.

[0041] Specifically, the process begins by traversing the set of perceived dynamic rates for all driving zones of the LCD transparent display, including brightness, perspective, and contrast. The average of these three dynamic rates for all zones is calculated and taken as the global average. This average is then used to dynamically configure a preset dynamic rate threshold that adapts to the current display scenario, ensuring that the threshold closely matches the actual changes in the image. Subsequently, the brightness, perspective, and contrast dynamic rates for each driving zone are compared with the preset dynamic rate threshold. Perception indicators with dynamic rate values ​​less than the preset threshold are labeled as slow perception indicators, indicating that the indicator changes gradually and requires stable processing. Perception indicators with dynamic rate values ​​greater than or equal to the preset threshold are labeled as fast perception indicators, indicating that the indicator changes rapidly and requires real-time response. Finally, the labeling of various perception indicators within each driving zone is completed, providing a basis for the subsequent classification processing of the dual-channel model architecture.

[0042] In one possible implementation, step S322 further includes: The transparent display optical perception model is used to calculate the perception index of the slow perception tag to obtain the reference brightness of each driving zone.

[0043] The baseline brightness of each driving partition is solved using the global optimization objective function of the slow channel to obtain the first set of driving solution sequences.

[0044] Specifically, in the slow-channel processing flow, the pre-built transparent display optical perception model is first invoked, using the display brightness requirement, transparency index, and local contrast ratio carrying the slow-perception tag in each driving zone as the core input parameters. At the same time, the real-time ambient light intensity obtained by the ambient light acquisition module of that zone is imported. Based on the model's built-in coupling logic between liquid crystal transmittance and backlight brightness, and between ambient light and ambient transmittance coefficient, a reference brightness calculation formula is used. Complete accurate calculations, including This represents the initial transmittance value for the slow channel. This is the initial backlight brightness value for the slow channel. This represents the ambient light transmittance coefficient for that partition. During the calculation, the model takes into account the gradual changes in the slow-perception label index, prioritizing the adaptability of the baseline brightness to ambient light conditions and the perspective requirements of transparent displays. Ultimately, it outputs the baseline brightness for each driving partition under stable display conditions. This provides an initial brightness basis for solving the global optimization objective function of the slow channel.

[0045] In the slow channel's analysis of perception indicators carrying slow-sensing tags, the reference brightness of each driving zone needs to be calculated using a transparent display optical sensing model. Then, the global optimization objective function for the slow channel is initiated to achieve an accurate solution for the baseline brightness. This objective function focuses on minimizing the overall global cost, and its expression is as follows: in These represent the power consumption parameters for each driver partition. The target brightness value preset for each zone, It is a zoning perspective indicator. Weighting coefficients are pre-configured based on display scenario requirements to balance power consumption control, brightness accuracy, and perspective effect. During the solution process, starting with the initial reference brightness of each zone, and combining the coupling relationship between liquid crystal transmittance and backlight brightness in the transparent display optical perception model, the transmittance and backlight brightness parameters of each zone are adjusted through iterative calculations until the objective function reaches its minimum optimal solution. The final output is the first set of driver solution sequences containing the optimal transmittance value and reference backlight brightness value for each driver zone, providing stable reference parameter support for subsequent dual-channel fusion processing.

[0046] In one possible implementation, step S323 further includes: The display error and local contrast requirement analysis are performed on the perception indicators carrying the fast perception tag to obtain the display error index and local contrast requirement index for each driving partition.

[0047] The fast-channel perturbation correction function is used to correct the brightness of the display error index and local contrast requirement index of each driving partition, and a second set of driving solution sequences is obtained.

[0048] Specifically, when analyzing the display brightness requirements, transparency index, and local contrast ratio of displays carrying the fast-sensing tag, the display error index of each driving partition is first obtained through the display error calculation logic. Ideal reference brightness output by transparent display optical sensing model For reference, combined with the current actual display brightness of the driver partition. According to the formula The difference between the two values ​​is quantified to accurately reflect the deviation between the current display effect and the ideal state. Subsequently, a local contrast ratio requirement analysis is conducted. Referring to the WCAG2.1AA standard's basic requirement of at least 4.5:1 contrast ratio between text and background, and combining the local contrast ratio calculation logic of the AC algorithm in visual saliency detection, in the Lab color space, using the driving partition pixel block as the perceptual unit, the feature distance between it and its neighboring regions is calculated. Simultaneously, in accordance with the definition of intra-frame contrast ratio as the ratio of the sum of white and black brightness in the same frame of the image in immersive terminal technology requirements, the local contrast ratio requirements that each driving partition must meet in rapidly changing scenarios are determined. This ultimately forms the display error index for each driver partition. Local contrast requirement index This provides precise input parameters for subsequent fast lane disturbance correction.

[0049] When using the fast-channel perturbation correction function to solve for corrected brightness, the display error index of each driving partition is first calculated. Local contrast requirement index As the core input parameter, relying on the built-in perturbation correction logic of the fast channel, and through the preset fast channel gain coefficient... A precise correction calculation model was constructed. For dynamic correction of backlight brightness, a formula was used. To solve, where This item is used to linearly compensate for backlight brightness deviation based on the sign and magnitude of the display error. The method dynamically enhances the gradient difference in backlight brightness based on local contrast requirements; for dynamic correction of liquid crystal transmittance, it uses a formula... Achievement, that is, based on the degree to which the local contrast requirement index is not met. Using gain coefficient The transmittance parameter is adjusted in reverse to improve the distinction between light and dark details in the image. During the solution process, the aforementioned backlight brightness correction amount is applied. With transmittance correction amount The adjusted backlight brightness and transmittance values ​​are superimposed on the reference backlight brightness and reference transmittance output by the slow channel, respectively, to obtain the adjusted backlight brightness and transmittance values ​​for each driving partition adapted to the fast-perceived scene. Together, they constitute the second set of driving solution sequences that can quickly respond to dynamic changes and compensate for display deviations.

[0050] In one possible implementation, step S324 further includes: Obtain the first fusion coefficient and the second fusion coefficient.

[0051] Based on the transmittance of the first set of driving solution sequences, the transmittance of the second set of driving solution sequences, and the first fusion coefficient, the transmittance parameter of each driving partition is obtained.

[0052] Based on the backlight brightness of the first set of driving solution sequences, the backlight brightness of the second set of driving solution sequences, and the second fusion coefficient, the backlight brightness parameters of each driving partition are obtained.

[0053] Based on the transmittance parameter and the backlight brightness parameter, liquid crystal driving voltage mapping and backlight PWM mapping are performed respectively, and the driving parameter combination for each driving zone is output.

[0054] Specifically, when obtaining the first and second fusion coefficients, it is necessary to combine the display scene characteristics of the LCD transparent display, the dynamic attributes of the perception indicators, and the multi-dimensional optimization goals to construct the coefficient determination logic: First, refer to the scene type to preset the basic coefficient range. If the current scene is static, such as document browsing or image viewing, the stability of the baseline transmittance and backlight brightness of the slow channel output needs to be guaranteed. The basic range of the first fusion coefficient is set to 0.7~0.9, and the second fusion coefficient is set to 0.6~0.8. If the scene is dynamic, such as video playback or real-time interactive interface, the basic range of the first fusion coefficient is adjusted to 0.3~0.5, and the second fusion coefficient is adjusted to 0.2~0.4, because the dynamic correction parameters of the fast channel need to respond to changes first. Meanwhile, a dynamic feedback mechanism for perception indicators is introduced to optimize the accuracy of the coefficients: by calculating the fluctuation range of the perception dynamic rate set of each driving zone in real time, namely the standard deviation of the brightness perception dynamic rate, the perspective perception dynamic rate, and the contrast perception dynamic rate, if the fluctuation range is lower than the preset threshold, such as 5%, it indicates that the scene changes smoothly, and the weight of the slow channel is increased on the basis of the basic coefficient, such as increasing the first fusion coefficient by 0.1~0.2; if the fluctuation range is higher than the threshold, it indicates that the scene is dynamic, and the weight of the slow channel is reduced, such as decreasing the second fusion coefficient by 0.1~0.2.

[0055] When processing transmittance parameters in the dual-channel fusion layer, the slow-channel baseline transmittance output from the first set of driving solution sequences is used, adapted to the slow-sensing label index, and obtained through calculation by the transparent display optical sensing model and the global optimization objective function of the slow channel, ensuring a stable display foundation. The fast-channel dynamically adjusted transmittance output from the second set of driving solution sequences is used, adapted to the fast-sensing label index, and obtained through analysis of display error and local contrast requirements and the fast-channel perturbation correction function, responding to dynamic changes. This transmittance serves as the core input and is combined with the first fusion coefficient for weighted fusion calculation. Specifically, referring to the preset transmittance fusion logic, the formula is used... Perform the operation, where The final transmittance parameter for each drive zone, The slow channel reference transmittance, The first fusion coefficient, This represents the transmittance adjustment amount for the fast channel relative to the slow channel. During the calculation, the value of the first fusion coefficient is dynamically adapted to the characteristics of the current display scene. If the scene is mainly static display, such as document browsing, the coefficient value is biased towards 0.7~0.9 to prioritize preserving the stability of the slow channel's baseline transmittance. If the scene contains fast-moving images, such as video playback, the coefficient value is adjusted to 0.3~0.5 to enhance the dynamic transmittance response capability of the fast channel. Finally, through this fusion method, the transmittance parameters of each driving zone are obtained, balancing stable baseline and dynamic adaptation, providing accurate input for subsequent LCD driving voltage mapping.

[0056] When processing backlight brightness parameters in the dual-channel fusion layer, the slow-channel baseline backlight brightness output from the first set of driver solution sequences is obtained through calculation using the transparent display optical perception model and the slow-channel global optimization objective function. This adapts to the slow-perception label index, ensuring brightness stability in static scenes. The fast-channel corrected backlight brightness output from the second set of driver solution sequences is obtained through display error and local contrast requirement analysis and the fast-channel perturbation correction function, adapting to the fast-perception label index and responding to brightness adjustment requirements in dynamic scenes. This serves as the core input, combined with the second fusion coefficient for weighted fusion calculation. Specifically, referring to the preset backlight brightness fusion logic, the formula is used... Perform the operation, where The final backlight brightness parameters for each drive zone, This is the reference backlight brightness for the slow channel. The second fusion coefficient, This represents the backlight brightness correction amount for the fast channel relative to the slow channel. During the calculation, the value of the second fusion coefficient is dynamically adapted to the dynamic characteristics of the current display scene. If the scene is mainly static, such as document browsing or image viewing, the coefficient value is biased towards 0.6~0.8 to prioritize preserving the smoothness of the slow channel's baseline backlight brightness and avoid frequent brightness fluctuations. If the scene contains fast-moving scenes, such as video playback or real-time interactive interfaces, the coefficient value is adjusted to 0.2~0.4 to enhance the dynamic response capability of the fast channel's backlight brightness correction, ensuring that the screen brightness adapts to changes in the scene in a timely manner. Finally, through this fusion method, the backlight brightness parameters of each driver partition are obtained, taking into account both stable baseline and dynamic adaptability, providing accurate input for subsequent backlight PWM mapping.

[0057] After obtaining the final transmittance and backlight brightness parameters for each driving zone, the parameters are converted into actual driving signals through liquid crystal driving voltage mapping and backlight PWM mapping, respectively. For liquid crystal driving voltage mapping, based on the coupling relationship between liquid crystal transmittance and driving voltage in the transparent display optical perception model, and combined with the liquid crystal molecule electric field response characteristic matrix constructed in the factory pre-calibration stage (i.e., storing the voltage values ​​corresponding to different transmittances), the final transmittance parameter is used as an index to find and match the corresponding liquid crystal driving voltage. If the transmittance parameter is between two adjacent calibration values ​​in the characteristic matrix, the accurate voltage value is calculated through cubic spline interpolation. At the same time, the nonlinear characteristics of the liquid crystal electro-optic response, such as the S-shaped transmittance-voltage curve of TN liquid crystal, are referenced for gamma correction to ensure that the mapping between transmittance and voltage conforms to the visual perception law of the human eye, thus forming the liquid crystal driving voltage matrix for each driving zone. For backlight PWM mapping, based on the backlight brightness parameter, the corresponding duty cycle is calculated according to the PWM dimming principle to first determine the maximum brightness of the backlight module. Through formula To obtain the final backlight brightness parameters, an initial duty cycle value is obtained. Then, combining the cumulative operating time and real-time temperature of the backlight module, an attenuation coefficient is extracted from a pre-stored backlight attenuation parameter library to compensate and correct the duty cycle, preventing the actual brightness from deviating from the target value due to backlight aging. Simultaneously, the PWM frequency is set to 5~20kHz to avoid visible flicker. Finally, a backlight PWM matrix for each driving zone is generated. The aforementioned liquid crystal driving voltage matrix and backlight PWM matrix together constitute a complete driving parameter combination for each driving zone, providing signal input for the precise driving of the LCD transparent display.

[0058] In one possible implementation, step S500 further includes: Step S510: Synchronously control and fuse the multiple drive parameter combinations to output the multiple drive parameter combinations of synchronous control.

[0059] Step S520: Assign multiple drive parameters of the synchronous control to the multiple drive partitions to execute the synchronous drive of the LCD transparent display screen.

[0060] Specifically, the parameter consistency verification unit verifies the legality of all driving parameter combinations for all driving zones, including the LCD driving voltage matrix and the backlight PWM matrix, eliminating abnormal parameters that exceed the hardware driving threshold. Based on the ambient light intensity and transparency of adjacent zones, a spatial smoothing algorithm corrects parameter abrupt changes at zone boundaries. For example, when the difference in backlight PWM duty cycle between adjacent zones exceeds 10%, gradient compensation is applied to edge parameters to prevent screen distortion. Subsequently, a timing synchronization mechanism is activated, generating a unified synchronization clock signal based on the LCD display frame rate, such as 60Hz, using a double-buffered approach. The storage architecture temporarily stores the verified drive parameters of each partition in an independent buffer unit. After all partition parameters are ready, synchronous loading is triggered by a hardware latch signal to ensure that all parameters are updated within the same frame period, eliminating timing deviations caused by transmission delays. At the same time, combined with the coupling relationship between liquid crystal light transmission and backlight emission in the transparent display optical perception model, the backlight brightness and transmittance parameters of cross partitions are calibrated collaboratively to make the light field superposition effect of adjacent partitions conform to the goal of maximizing the contrast perceived by the human eye. Finally, it outputs a combination of multiple drive parameters that are synchronously controlled with unified timing, coordinated parameters, and adapted to the characteristics of transparent displays.

[0061] Based on the partitioning logic of the transparent LCD display and the preset partition-parameter mapping relationship, multiple driving parameters after synchronous control are combined, including the liquid crystal driving voltage matrix and backlight PWM matrix corresponding to each driving partition, and accurately allocated to the corresponding driving partition. Using the main control unit as the data distribution core, a high-speed parallel transmission bus, such as LVDS or MIPIDSI, is employed to achieve low-latency parameter transmission. Simultaneously, differential signal transmission is used to suppress electromagnetic interference caused by PCB layout, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of parameter transmission. During parameter allocation, the ambient light intensity data and ambient transmission coefficient of each partition in the transparent display optical perception model are combined to perform final adaptation and verification of the driving parameters for each partition, avoiding driving deviations caused by differences in partition hardware characteristics. After all partitions have completed parameter reception and buffering, the main control unit outputs a unified hardware execution trigger signal to control all driving partitions to synchronously start the liquid crystal driving voltage output and backlight PWM dimming, ensuring that each partition completes the display state update within the same frame cycle. This achieves time-coordinated driving of the entire transparent LCD display, ultimately presenting a transparent display image with uniform brightness, consistent perspective, and no synchronization deviation.

[0062] Example 2 is based on the same inventive concept as the LCD transparent display driving method based on local dimming in the previous examples, such as... Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a driving system for a transparent LCD display based on local dimming. The system and method embodiments in this application are based on the same inventive concept. The system includes: The ambient light intensity acquisition module 10 is used to divide the LCD transparent display screen into multiple driving zones and acquire the ambient light intensity of each driving zone.

[0063] The perception model establishment module 20 is used to establish a transparent display optical perception model, which includes the coupled modeling of liquid crystal transmittance and backlight brightness, and ambient light and ambient transmission coefficient.

[0064] The perception index set extraction module 30 is used to extract the perception index set, which includes the display brightness requirement, perspective index and local contrast obtained by perceiving the display screen.

[0065] The driving parameter combination output module 40 is used to drive the solution of the transparent display optical perception model based on the set of perception indicators, and output the driving parameter combination of each driving partition, including the liquid crystal driving voltage matrix and the backlight PWM matrix.

[0066] The fusion driver module 50 is used to execute the fusion driver of the LCD transparent display screen according to the combination of multiple driver parameters corresponding to the multiple driver partitions.

[0067] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The perceived dynamic rate is calculated for the display brightness requirement, transparency index, and local contrast ratio to obtain a set of perceived dynamic rates. The set of perceived dynamic rates is compared with a preset dynamic rate threshold to obtain the slow perception label and fast perception label for each driving partition. The transparent display optical perception model is driven and solved based on the set of perception indexes carrying the slow perception label and fast perception label.

[0068] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: A dual-channel model architecture is constructed, comprising a slow channel, a fast channel, and a dual-channel fusion layer. The slow channel analyzes the perception indicators carrying the slow perception label in the perception indicator set to obtain a first set of driving solution sequences. The fast channel analyzes the perception indicators carrying the fast perception label in the perception indicator set to obtain a second set of driving solution sequences. The dual-channel fusion layer fuses the first set of driving solution sequences and the second set of driving solution sequences to output the driving parameter combination for each driving partition.

[0069] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The set of perceived dynamic rates includes luminance perceived dynamic rate, perspective perceived dynamic rate, and contrast perceived dynamic rate; wherein, the luminance perceived dynamic rate is obtained by calculating the rate of change of the average gray value of each driving partition between the current frame and historical frames, the perspective perceived dynamic rate is obtained by calculating the unit change amplitude of the ambient light corresponding to each driving partition, and the contrast perceived dynamic rate is obtained by calculating the inter-frame luminance change between each driving partition and adjacent driving partitions.

[0070] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The set of perceived dynamic rates is compared with a preset dynamic rate threshold to obtain slow perception tags that are less than the preset dynamic rate threshold and fast perception tags that are greater than or equal to the preset dynamic rate threshold in each driving partition; wherein, the preset dynamic rate threshold is configured by dynamically calculating the average dynamic rate of the display screen.

[0071] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The transparent display optical sensing model is used to calculate the sensing index carrying the slow sensing tag to obtain the reference brightness of each driving partition; the slow channel global optimization objective function is used to solve for the reference brightness of each driving partition to obtain the first set of driving solution sequences.

[0072] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The display error and local contrast requirement are analyzed for the perception indicators carrying the fast perception tag to obtain the display error index and local contrast requirement index for each driving partition; the fast channel perturbation correction function is used to correct the brightness of the display error index and local contrast requirement index of each driving partition to obtain the second set of driving solution sequences.

[0073] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: Obtain the first fusion coefficient and the second fusion coefficient; based on the transmittance of the first set of driving solution sequences, the transmittance of the second set of driving solution sequences, and the first fusion coefficient, obtain the transmittance parameter of each driving partition; based on the backlight brightness of the first set of driving solution sequences, the backlight brightness of the second set of driving solution sequences, and the second fusion coefficient, obtain the backlight brightness parameter of each driving partition; perform liquid crystal driving voltage mapping and backlight PWM mapping based on the transmittance parameter and the backlight brightness parameter, respectively, and output the driving parameter combination of each driving partition.

[0074] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The multiple driving parameter combinations are synchronously controlled and fused to output multiple driving parameter combinations for synchronous control; the multiple driving parameter combinations for synchronous control are then distributed to the multiple driving partitions to execute the synchronous driving of the LCD transparent display screen.

[0075] It should be noted that the order of the embodiments described above is for descriptive purposes only and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Specific embodiments of this specification have been described above. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0077] This specification and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of this application and are intended to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from its scope. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents, this application intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A driving method for a transparent LCD display screen based on local dimming, characterized in that, The method includes: The LCD transparent display screen is divided into multiple driving zones, and the ambient light intensity of each driving zone is collected. A transparent display optical perception model is established, which includes the coupled modeling of liquid crystal transmittance and backlight brightness, and ambient light and ambient transmission coefficient. Extract a set of perception indicators, which includes display brightness requirements, perspective indicators, and local contrast ratios obtained by perceiving the display screen. Based on the set of perception indicators, the transparent display optical perception model is driven and solved, and the driving parameter combination of each driving partition is output, including the liquid crystal driving voltage matrix and the backlight PWM matrix. The LCD transparent display screen is driven by a combination of multiple driving parameters corresponding to the multiple driving partitions.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for extracting a set of perception indicators include: The perceptual dynamic rate is calculated for the display brightness requirement, transparency index, and local contrast ratio respectively to obtain a perceptual dynamic rate set. The set of perceived dynamic rates is compared with a preset dynamic rate threshold to obtain the slow perception label and fast perception label of each driving partition. The transparent display optical perception model is then driven and solved based on the set of perception indicators carrying the slow perception label and fast perception label.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The transparent display optical perception model is solved by driving the solution based on a set of perception indicators carrying the slow-sensing label and the fast-sensing label. The method includes: A dual-channel model architecture is constructed, which includes a slow channel, a fast channel, and a dual-channel fusion layer; The slow channel analyzes the perception indicators carrying the slow perception label in the perception indicator set to obtain the first set of driving solution sequences; The fast channel analyzes the perception indicators carrying fast perception tags in the perception indicator set to obtain a second set of driving solution sequences; The dual-channel fusion layer fuses the first set of driver solution sequences and the second set of driver solution sequences to output the driver parameter combination for each driver partition.

4. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method involves calculating the perceptual dynamic rate for the display brightness requirement, transparency index, and local contrast ratio to obtain a set of perceptual dynamic rates. The set of perceived dynamic rates includes luminance perceived dynamic rate, perspective perceived dynamic rate, and contrast perceived dynamic rate. The brightness perception dynamic rate is obtained by calculating the rate of change of the average gray value of each driving partition between the current frame and historical frames. The perspective perception dynamic rate is obtained by calculating the unit change amplitude of the ambient light corresponding to each driving partition. The contrast perception dynamic rate is obtained by calculating the inter-frame brightness change between each driving partition and adjacent driving partitions.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The set of perceived dynamic rates is compared with a preset dynamic rate threshold to obtain slow perception tags that are less than the preset dynamic rate threshold and fast perception tags that are greater than or equal to the preset dynamic rate threshold in each driving partition. The preset dynamic rate threshold is configured by dynamically calculating the average dynamic rate of the displayed image.

6. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The slow channel analyzes the perception indicators carrying slow perception labels in the perception indicator set. The slow channel includes a global optimization objective function, and the method includes: The transparent display optical perception model is used to calculate the perception index carrying the slow perception tag to obtain the reference brightness of each driving zone; The baseline brightness of each driving partition is solved using the global optimization objective function of the slow channel to obtain the first set of driving solution sequences.

7. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The fast channel analyzes the sensing indicators carrying fast sensing labels in the sensing indicator set, wherein the fast channel includes a fast channel perturbation correction function, and the method includes: Perform display error and local contrast requirement analysis on the perception indicators carrying the fast perception tag to obtain the display error index and local contrast requirement index for each driving partition. The fast-channel perturbation correction function is used to correct the brightness of the display error index and local contrast requirement index of each driving partition, and a second set of driving solution sequences is obtained.

8. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The dual-channel fusion layer fuses the first set of driver solution sequences and the second set of driver solution sequences to output the driver parameter combination for each driver partition. The method includes: Obtain the first fusion coefficient and the second fusion coefficient; Based on the transmittance of the first set of driving solution sequences, the transmittance of the second set of driving solution sequences, and the first fusion coefficient, the transmittance parameter of each driving partition is obtained. Based on the backlight brightness of the first set of driving solution sequences, the backlight brightness of the second set of driving solution sequences, and the second fusion coefficient, the backlight brightness parameters of each driving partition are obtained. Based on the transmittance parameter and the backlight brightness parameter, liquid crystal driving voltage mapping and backlight PWM mapping are performed respectively, and the driving parameter combination for each driving zone is output.

9. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method involves executing the fusion drive of the LCD transparent display screen according to multiple combinations of drive parameters corresponding to the multiple drive partitions, including: The multiple driving parameter combinations are synchronously controlled and fused to output the multiple driving parameter combinations of synchronous control. Multiple drive parameters for synchronous control are combined and distributed to the multiple drive partitions to execute the synchronous drive of the LCD transparent display screen.

10. A driving system for a transparent LCD display screen based on local dimming, characterized in that, The system is used to implement the LCD transparent display driving method based on local dimming as described in any one of claims 1-9, the system comprising: The ambient light intensity acquisition module is used to divide the LCD transparent display screen into multiple driving zones and acquire the ambient light intensity of each driving zone; The perception model building module is used to build a transparent display optical perception model, which includes the coupled modeling of liquid crystal transmittance and backlight brightness, and ambient light and ambient transmission coefficient. The perceptual indicator set extraction module is used to extract the perceptual indicator set, which includes display brightness requirements, perspective indicators, and local contrast ratios obtained by perceiving the display screen. The driving parameter combination output module is used to drive the solution of the transparent display optical perception model based on the set of perception indicators, and output the driving parameter combination of each driving partition, including the liquid crystal driving voltage matrix and the backlight PWM matrix. The fusion driver module is used to execute the fusion driver of the LCD transparent display screen according to the combination of multiple driver parameters corresponding to the multiple driver partitions.

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