Solar cell conductive paste preparation device and preparation method

Abstract

The application discloses a solar cell conductive paste preparation device and a preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic production. The solar cell conductive paste preparation device comprises a base, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and a lifting dispersion mechanism. A control panel is arranged on the base. The outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the base, and a discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer cylinder. A grinding cavity is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. A grinding block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the grinding block is located in the grinding cavity. The application can integrally complete the stirring and grinding of the paste. Different height stirring and dispersion can be carried out in the stirring stage, so that the aluminum powder and the solvent can be efficiently mixed, the preparation time of the paste is shortened, the paste is further refined through grinding, the fineness and gloss of the paste are increased, and the paste quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic production technology, specifically relating to a device and method for preparing conductive paste for solar cells. Background Technology

[0002] In the development of the solar energy industry, solar cells are a crucial component. Solar cells convert sunlight into electrical energy, and their efficiency directly affects the promotion and widespread adoption of solar energy applications. To improve the power generation efficiency of solar cells, the preparation of conductive pastes becomes paramount. Conductive pastes are mainly used for coating the front and back electrodes of solar cells, and their performance directly affects the optical and electrical performance of the solar cells. Currently, silver-coated copper paste is used for printing the conductive layer, which is costly. Using aluminum paste retains the function of collecting and conducting current while reducing the amount of silver and copper used in the conductive layer, significantly lowering production costs. With technological advancements, higher requirements are being placed on the preparation equipment and methods for aluminum conductive pastes.

[0003] Most existing conductive paste preparation devices employ traditional mechanical stirring methods. While simple, this method suffers from low preparation efficiency, poor paste uniformity, and insufficient fineness and gloss. Therefore, to address these technical problems, it is necessary to provide a device and method for preparing conductive paste for solar cells.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for preparing conductive paste for solar cells, which can solve the problems of low preparation efficiency, poor uniformity, and low fineness and gloss of aluminum paste.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A device for preparing conductive paste for solar cells, comprising a base, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, and a lifting and dispersing mechanism;

[0008] The base is equipped with a control panel;

[0009] The outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the machine base, and a discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder;

[0010] The inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer cylinder, and a grinding chamber is provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. A grinding block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the grinding block is located inside the grinding chamber.

[0011] Multiple sets of material discharge ports are provided on the side wall of the inner cylinder. Each set of material discharge ports is equipped with a limit sealing component. The limit sealing component is used to block and seal the material discharge port and restrict the rotation of the inner cylinder.

[0012] The lifting and dispersing mechanism includes a lifting support and a variable frequency stirring mechanism. The variable frequency stirring mechanism is mounted on the lifting support, and its lower end is located inside the inner cylinder. A connecting component is provided between the variable frequency stirring mechanism and the inner cylinder. The variable frequency stirring mechanism can drive the inner cylinder to rotate through the connecting component to grind the slurry.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the limiting sealing assembly includes an electric push rod and a sealing block, wherein the telescopic end of the electric push rod extends into the interior of the grinding chamber and is fixed to the sealing block, and the sealing block is matched with the material discharge port.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the lifting support includes a frame, blades formed on the frame, a lead screw rotatably connected inside the blades, and a lifting slider slidably connected inside the blades. The lifting slider is threadedly connected to the lead screw. A second motor is fixedly connected to the top of the frame. The output end of the second motor is fixed to one end of the lead screw. A crossbeam is fixedly connected to the lifting slider.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the variable frequency stirring mechanism includes a first motor and a stirring rod, the stirring rod being rotatably connected to the bottom of a crossbeam, the first motor being fixedly connected to the top of the crossbeam, and the output end of the first motor being fixed to one end of the stirring rod;

[0016] The bottom of the stirring rod is fixedly connected to a fixing head, and multiple sets of fixing heads are fixedly connected to the fixing head.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the connecting assembly includes a spline groove disposed on the lower end face of the fixing head and a spline head fixedly connected to the interior of the inner cylinder, wherein the spline head matches the spline groove.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, an environmentally friendly dust removal mechanism is further included, which is disposed between the base and the crossbeam and is used to collect dust that overflows during the mixing process.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the environmental protection dust removal mechanism includes a collection chamber disposed inside the base, a dust collection component disposed on the crossbeam, and a fan. A filter component is fixedly installed inside the collection chamber, and an air outlet is opened at the bottom of the collection chamber. The air outlet is directly opposite the discharge pipe, and the fan is fixedly installed inside the air outlet. An exhaust pipe is disposed between the dust collection component and the collection chamber.

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the dust collection assembly includes an air collection chamber and an air extraction port. The air collection chamber is disposed inside the crossbeam, and the air extraction port is opened on the lower end face of the crossbeam. The air extraction port is connected to the interior of the air collection chamber.

[0021] One end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the inside of the air collection chamber, and the other end is connected to the inside of the collection chamber.

[0022] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the filtration assembly includes multiple sets of air filter elements, the pore size of the multiple sets of air filter elements decreasing progressively, and all the multiple sets of air filter elements are designed with an inclined shape.

[0023] A method for preparing conductive paste for solar cells, using the aforementioned apparatus, includes the following steps:

[0024] S1: Feeding and Premixing

[0025] Aluminum powder, organic carrier, glass powder and additives are added into the inner cylinder according to the ratio. The process parameters are set through the control panel. The lifting and dispersing mechanism is started to lower the variable frequency stirring mechanism to the preset initial height in the inner cylinder. At the same time, the electric push rod in the limit sealing assembly is extended to block the material discharge port with the sealing block. Then the variable frequency stirring mechanism is started to run at low speed to perform preliminary mixing of the materials.

[0026] S2: Lifting and variable frequency stirring and dispersing

[0027] During the mixing process, the lifting bracket drives the variable frequency mixing mechanism to move up and down in the vertical direction to achieve uniform dispersion of different height layers; at the same time, the mixing speed is automatically adjusted according to the change of slurry viscosity to ensure that the aluminum powder and solvent are fully mixed to form a uniform slurry.

[0028] S3: Material feeding and grinding preparation

[0029] After the stirring and dispersion reaches the set time, the electric push rod is retracted, which drives the sealing block to disengage from the discharge port, allowing the slurry in the inner cylinder to flow into the grinding chamber between the outer and inner cylinders through the discharge port; at the same time, the spline groove at the bottom of the variable frequency stirring mechanism is engaged with the spline head in the inner cylinder through the connecting component, so as to drive the inner cylinder to rotate.

[0030] S4: Dynamic grinding and refining

[0031] Start the variable frequency stirring mechanism, which drives the inner cylinder to rotate through the connecting components. The grinding blocks at the bottom of the inner cylinder move relative to the inner wall of the grinding chamber and the slurry, thus shearing and grinding the slurry.

[0032] S5: Discharge

[0033] After grinding, the prepared conductive aluminum paste is discharged through the discharge pipe and then subjected to subsequent degassing and packaging processes.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] This invention can integrate the mixing and grinding of slurry, and the mixing stage can be carried out at different heights to disperse the mixture, so that aluminum powder and solvent can be mixed efficiently, shortening the slurry preparation time. Furthermore, the grinding process further refines the slurry, increasing its fineness and gloss, and improving its quality. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 The structure of a solar cell conductive paste preparation device in one embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional view of a solar cell conductive paste preparation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is an embodiment of the apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells according to the present invention. Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 4 The structure of a solar cell conductive paste preparation device in one embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 2 ;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a side cross-sectional view of the solar cell conductive paste preparation apparatus in its first usage state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a side cross-sectional view of the solar cell conductive paste preparation apparatus in a second usage state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is an embodiment of the apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells according to the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a top view of a solar cell conductive paste preparation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9This is a structural diagram of the stirring rod of a solar cell conductive paste preparation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 This is a spline head structure diagram of a solar cell conductive paste preparation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0048] 10. Base; 11. Collection chamber; 12. Filter assembly; 13. Fan; 14. Air outlet; 20. Control panel; 30. Outer cylinder; 31. Discharge pipe; 40. Inner cylinder; 41. Grinding block; 42. Spline head; 43. Discharge port; 50. Lifting and dispersing mechanism; 51. Frame; 52. Sliding groove; 53. Crossbeam; 531. Exhaust pipe; 532. Air collection chamber; 533. Exhaust port; 54. First motor; 55. Stirring rod; 56. Fixed head; 561. Spline groove; 52. Blade; 57. Second motor; 58. Lead screw; 59. Lifting slider; 60. Electric push rod; 61. Sealing block. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0050] Please see Figures 1-10 A specific embodiment of the present invention provides a solar cell conductive paste preparation apparatus, mainly used for preparing aluminum conductive paste. The apparatus includes a base 10, an outer cylinder 30, an inner cylinder 40, and a lifting and dispersing mechanism 50.

[0051] The base 10 serves as the mounting foundation for the entire device, and a control panel 20 is provided on one side of it for setting and displaying process parameters and controlling the actions of each actuator.

[0052] The outer cylinder 30 is fixedly connected to the base 10 and is cylindrical. A discharge pipe 31 is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the outer cylinder 30 for discharging the final prepared slurry.

[0053] like Figure 2As shown, the inner cylinder 40 is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer cylinder 30. Specifically, the top and bottom of the inner cylinder 40 are rotatably engaged with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 30 via bearings. A gap is left between the outer wall of the inner cylinder 40 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 30, which forms a grinding cavity. A grinding block 41 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer edge of the inner cylinder 40. The grinding block 41 is located inside the grinding cavity, and its outer surface can be designed as a rough surface or have a specific texture to enhance the grinding effect.

[0054] like Figures 5-8 As shown, three sets of discharge ports 43 are provided circumferentially on the side wall of the inner cylinder 40, which serve as channels for the stirred slurry to flow from the inside of the inner cylinder 40 to the grinding chamber.

[0055] To prevent slurry leakage from the discharge port 43 during the mixing stage and to limit the inner cylinder 40 using this structure, a limit sealing component is provided inside each discharge port 43.

[0056] like Figure 7 And compare Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the limiting and sealing assembly includes an electric push rod 60 and a sealing block 61. The electric push rod 60 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the outer cylinder 30 or the base 10, and its telescopic end penetrates through the side wall of the outer cylinder 30 and extends into the grinding chamber, where it is fixedly connected to the sealing block 61. The shape of the sealing block 61 matches the material discharge port 43, and is typically a conical or circular block slightly larger than the material discharge port. When the telescopic end of the electric push rod 60 extends, the sealing block 61 is pushed into the material discharge port 43, achieving a seal; simultaneously, since all the sealing blocks 61 are simultaneously engaged with the side wall of the inner cylinder 40, they act as a lock for the inner cylinder 40, restricting its circumferential rotation. When the electric push rod 60 retracts, the sealing block 61 disengages from the material discharge port 43, releasing the limiting effect on the inner cylinder 40.

[0057] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the lifting and dispersing mechanism 50 is used to realize the lifting and variable frequency mixing of the slurry and the connection drive with the inner cylinder 40. It includes a lifting support and a variable frequency mixing mechanism.

[0058] Specifically, the lifting support includes a vertical frame 51, a second motor 57, a lead screw 58, and a lifting slider 59. The vertical frame 51 is fixedly mounted on the base 10, and a sliding groove 52 is vertically formed on the side facing the inner cylinder 40. The lead screw 58 is rotatably connected in the sliding groove 52, and its upper and lower ends are connected to the vertical frame 51 through bearings. The second motor 57 is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical frame 51, and its output end is fixed to the upper end of the lead screw 58 through a coupling. The lifting slider 59 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 52 and threadedly connected to the lead screw 58, forming a lead screw and nut pair. A crossbeam 53 is fixedly connected to the lifting slider 59, and the crossbeam 53 extends horizontally above the inner cylinder 40.

[0059] The variable frequency stirring mechanism includes a first motor 54 and a stirring rod 55. The stirring rod 55 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the crossbeam 53 via bearings and extends vertically downward into the interior of the inner cylinder 40. The first motor 54 is fixedly connected to the top of the crossbeam 53, and its output end is fixed to the upper end of the stirring rod 55 via a coupling, driving the stirring rod 55 to rotate. A fixed head 56 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the stirring rod 55, and multiple sets of stirring blades 562 are fixedly connected to the fixed head 56. The stirring blades 562 can be paddle type, dispersion disc type, or a combination thereof, used for efficient mixing and dispersion of materials.

[0060] To enable the variable frequency stirring mechanism to drive the inner cylinder 40, a connecting component is provided between the two. For example... Figure 9 and Figure 10 and combined Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the connecting assembly includes a spline groove 561 disposed on the lower end face of the fixed head 56 and a spline head 42 fixedly connected to the bottom surface inside the inner cylinder 40. The spline head 42 extends vertically upward, its position corresponding to the spline groove 561, and their shapes are matched. When the lifting and dispersing mechanism 50 drives the frequency conversion stirring mechanism to descend to the lowest working position, the spline groove 561 on the lower end face of the fixed head 56 engages precisely with the spline head 42 at the bottom of the inner cylinder 40, so that the torque of the first motor 54 can be transmitted to the inner cylinder 40 through the stirring rod 55 and the fixed head 56, driving it to rotate inside the outer cylinder 30.

[0061] In addition, to improve the working environment and prevent the spillage of fine dust generated during mixing and grinding, this device also includes an environmentally friendly dust removal mechanism. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the environmental protection dust removal mechanism is located between the base 10 and the crossbeam 53. Specifically, a sealed collection chamber 11 is provided inside the base 10, and a filter assembly 12 is fixedly installed inside the collection chamber 11.

[0062] In this embodiment, the filter assembly 12 includes multiple layers of air filter elements, the pore size of which decreases progressively along the airflow direction to achieve graded filtration. Simultaneously, multiple filter elements are designed with an inclined profile, which facilitates the falling of captured dust under gravity, concentrating it in the dust collection area and reducing clogging on the filter element surface. A blower 14 is provided at the bottom of the collection chamber 11, and a fan 13 is fixedly installed inside the blower 14 to provide negative pressure suction and back-blowing cleaning functions for the entire dust removal system.

[0063] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the dust collection assembly is mounted on the crossbeam 53 and includes an air collection chamber 532 and an air extraction port 533. The air collection chamber 532 is a hollow cavity located inside the crossbeam 53. The air extraction port 533 is located on the lower end face of the crossbeam 53, directly above the opening of the inner cylinder 40, and communicates with the interior of the air collection chamber 532.

[0064] One end of the exhaust pipe 531 is connected to the inside of the air collection chamber 532, and the other end extends downward and connects to the collection chamber 11 inside the base 10. Thus, when the fan 13 operates, a negative pressure is generated in the collection chamber 11, which draws dust-laden air from above the mixing container into the collection chamber 11 through the exhaust pipe 531, the air collection chamber 532, and the exhaust port 533. After being filtered by the filter assembly 12, clean air is discharged from the air outlet 14. The design of the air outlet 14 also allows for periodic reverse air blowing by the fan 13 to clean the dust adhering to the filter element.

[0065] It is worth noting that, as the temperature of the slurry will continue to rise during the high-speed stirring and grinding process, it needs to be allowed to cool naturally before it can be discharged directly and then proceed to the next process. Therefore, the air outlet 14 is designed to face the discharge pipe 31. During the process of the prepared slurry being discharged through the discharge pipe 31, the slurry can be indirectly cooled by blowing air to facilitate subsequent processing.

[0066] The method for preparing the conductive paste for solar cells according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the above-described apparatus. The method includes the following steps:

[0067] S1: Feeding and Premixing

[0068] First, set the various process parameters, such as stirring speed, lifting frequency, and grinding time, through the control panel 20. Then, add the weighed aluminum powder, organic carrier, glass powder, and various additives into the inner cylinder 40 through the top opening. Next, start the second motor 57, driving the lead screw 58 to rotate, which in turn lowers the lifting slider 59 and crossbeam 53, causing the stirring rod 55 and stirring blades 562 to descend to the preset initial height inside the inner cylinder 40. At the same time, the control panel 20 instructs all electric push rods 60 to extend, pushing the sealing blocks 61 to tightly seal their respective material inlets 43. At this point, the inner cylinder 40 is locked by the sealing blocks 61 and cannot rotate. Finally, start the first motor 54 at low speed, driving the stirring blades 562 to perform preliminary mixing and wetting of the materials.

[0069] S2: Lifting and variable frequency stirring and dispersing

[0070] After initial mixing, the process enters the fine mixing and dispersion stage. During this stage, the second motor 57, based on a preset program or real-time feedback, drives the crossbeam 53 and the entire variable frequency mixing mechanism in a slow, continuous, or intermittent up-and-down reciprocating motion in the vertical direction via the lead screw 58 and lifting slider 59. This allows the mixing blades 562 to sweep across material layers of different heights within the inner cylinder 40, effectively preventing aluminum powder from settling at the bottom due to its high density and achieving uniform dispersion throughout the entire area. Simultaneously, the control system, based on current or torque feedback from the first motor 54, judges the viscosity changes of the slurry in real time. When the slurry viscosity increases, the mixing speed is automatically increased to increase shear force; when the viscosity decreases, the speed is appropriately reduced to prevent over-shearing. Through this lifting and variable frequency mixing, the aluminum powder is thoroughly mixed with the solvent and additives, forming a macroscopically uniform slurry.

[0071] S3: Material feeding and grinding preparation

[0072] After the set time for stirring and dispersion is reached, the stirring process stops. The control system first instructs the electric push rod 60 to retract, causing the sealing block 61 to disengage from the discharge port 43. At this time, the limit of the inner cylinder 40 is released, and the discharge port 43 is fully open. Under the action of gravity, the slurry inside the inner cylinder 40 flows into the annular grinding chamber between the outer cylinder 30 and the inner cylinder 40 through multiple sets of discharge ports 43 on the side wall. Subsequently, the second motor 57 starts again, driving the entire variable frequency stirring mechanism to continue to descend until the spline groove 561 on the lower end face of the fixed head 56 is fully engaged with the spline head 42 at the bottom of the inner cylinder 40, preparing for the rotation of the inner cylinder.

[0073] S4: Dynamic grinding and refining

[0074] The first motor 54 is started, and the variable frequency stirring mechanism begins to rotate. Due to the engagement of the spline groove 561 and the spline head 42, the inner cylinder 40 is synchronously driven and begins to rotate at a low or medium speed inside the outer cylinder 30. As the inner cylinder 40 rotates, the grinding block 41 fixed at its bottom generates intense relative motion and shearing action with the inner wall of the grinding chamber and the slurry filling the chamber, efficiently grinding and refining the particles in the slurry. By controlling parameters such as grinding time and inner cylinder rotation speed, the slurry achieves the required fineness and uniformity.

[0075] S5: Discharge

[0076] After grinding, the prepared fine and uniform conductive aluminum paste flows out from the discharge pipe 31 under gravity and is collected in a container. The collected paste can then enter a vacuum degassing machine for degassing to remove air bubbles mixed in during stirring and grinding, and finally be packaged to obtain the final product.

[0077] Throughout the entire preparation process, the environmental dust removal mechanism remains operational. The fan 13 operates continuously, creating negative pressure at the exhaust port 533. This draws in air containing aluminum dust that may escape from the container opening during feeding, mixing, and grinding, and sends it through the exhaust pipe 531 into the collection chamber 11. As the air passes through the tilted multi-stage filter assembly 12, dust is progressively trapped, and clean air is finally discharged from the blower port 14. Periodically activating the back-flushing function of the fan 13 cleans the filter element, maintains its permeability, and ensures sustained and effective dust removal.

[0078] This invention can integrate the mixing and grinding of slurry, and the mixing stage can be carried out at different heights to disperse the mixture, so that aluminum powder and solvent can be mixed efficiently, shortening the slurry preparation time. Furthermore, the grinding process further refines the slurry, increasing its fineness and gloss, and improving its quality.

[0079] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this disclosure is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this disclosure can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this disclosure. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0080] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells, characterized in that, include: A base, on which a control panel is provided; The outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the machine base, and a discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder; An inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the inside of an outer cylinder. A grinding chamber is provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. A grinding block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder and is located inside the grinding chamber. Multiple sets of material discharge ports are provided on the side wall of the inner cylinder. Each set of material discharge ports is equipped with a limit sealing component. The limit sealing component is used to block and seal the material discharge port and restrict the rotation of the inner cylinder. The lifting and dispersing mechanism includes a lifting support and a variable frequency stirring mechanism. The variable frequency stirring mechanism is mounted on the lifting support, and its lower end is located inside the inner cylinder. A connecting component is provided between the variable frequency stirring mechanism and the inner cylinder. The variable frequency stirring mechanism can drive the inner cylinder to rotate through the connecting component to grind the slurry.

2. The apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting sealing assembly includes an electric push rod and a sealing block. The telescopic end of the electric push rod extends into the interior of the grinding chamber and is fixed to the sealing block. The sealing block is matched with the material discharge port.

3. The apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting support includes a frame, blades formed on the frame, a lead screw rotatably connected inside the blades, and a lifting slider slidably connected inside the blades. The lifting slider is threadedly connected to the lead screw. A second motor is fixedly connected to the top of the frame. The output end of the second motor is fixed to one end of the lead screw. A crossbeam is fixedly connected to the lifting slider.

4. The apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells according to claim 3, characterized in that, The variable frequency stirring mechanism includes a first motor and a stirring rod. The stirring rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the crossbeam, and the first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the crossbeam. The output end of the first motor is fixed to one end of the stirring rod. The bottom of the stirring rod is fixedly connected to a fixing head, and multiple sets of fixing heads are fixedly connected to the fixing head.

5. The apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting assembly includes a spline groove disposed on the lower end face of the fixed head and a spline head fixedly connected to the inside of the inner cylinder, wherein the spline head matches the spline groove.

6. The apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an environmentally friendly dust removal mechanism, which is located between the base and the crossbeam to collect dust that overflows during the mixing process.

7. The apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells according to claim 6, characterized in that, The environmental protection dust removal mechanism includes a collection chamber inside the base, a dust collection component on the crossbeam, and a fan. A filter component is fixedly installed inside the collection chamber. An air outlet is opened at the bottom of the collection chamber and faces the discharge pipe. The fan is fixedly installed inside the air outlet. An exhaust pipe is provided between the dust collection component and the collection chamber.

8. The apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dust collection assembly includes an air collection chamber and an air extraction port. The air collection chamber is located inside the crossbeam, and the air extraction port is located on the lower end face of the crossbeam. The air extraction port is connected to the interior of the air collection chamber. One end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the inside of the air collection chamber, and the other end is connected to the inside of the collection chamber.

9. The apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells according to claim 8, characterized in that, The filtration assembly includes multiple air filter elements, with the pore size of each air filter element decreasing progressively, and all air filter elements are designed to be inclined.

10. A method for preparing conductive paste for solar cells, using the apparatus for preparing conductive paste for solar cells as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Feeding and Premixing Aluminum powder, organic carrier, glass powder and additives are added into the inner cylinder according to the ratio. The process parameters are set through the control panel. The lifting and dispersing mechanism is started to lower the variable frequency stirring mechanism to the preset initial height in the inner cylinder. At the same time, the electric push rod in the limit sealing assembly is extended to block the material discharge port with the sealing block. Then the variable frequency stirring mechanism is started to run at low speed to perform preliminary mixing of the materials. S2: Lifting and variable frequency stirring and dispersing During the mixing process, the lifting bracket drives the variable frequency mixing mechanism to move up and down in the vertical direction to achieve uniform dispersion of different height layers; at the same time, the mixing speed is automatically adjusted according to the change of slurry viscosity to ensure that the aluminum powder and solvent are fully mixed to form a uniform slurry. S3: Material feeding and grinding preparation After the stirring and dispersion reaches the set time, the electric push rod is retracted, which drives the sealing block to disengage from the discharge port, allowing the slurry in the inner cylinder to flow into the grinding chamber between the outer and inner cylinders through the discharge port; at the same time, the spline groove at the bottom of the variable frequency stirring mechanism is engaged with the spline head in the inner cylinder through the connecting component, so as to drive the inner cylinder to rotate. S4: Dynamic grinding and refining Start the variable frequency stirring mechanism, which drives the inner cylinder to rotate through the connecting components. The grinding blocks at the bottom of the inner cylinder move relative to the inner wall of the grinding chamber and the slurry, thus shearing and grinding the slurry. S5: Discharge After grinding, the prepared conductive aluminum paste is discharged through the discharge pipe and then subjected to subsequent degassing and packaging processes.

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