A die forging assembly and a die forging device and method for a hydro-generator main shaft forging

Abstract

The application provides a die forging assembly and a die forging device and method for a water turbine generator main shaft forging, and belongs to the technical field of die forging. The die forging assembly comprises a base, and further comprises: a gantry frame fixedly arranged on the base, a lower die seat fixedly arranged on the lower side of the gantry frame, and an arc-shaped groove for forging the main shaft part arranged on the lower die seat; a rotating assembly arranged on the base and arranged on the two sides of the lower die seat, used for driving the main shaft part to rotate during die forging; and a pushing assembly arranged on one side of the base, used for pushing the main shaft part to feed to the lower die seat. The application realizes efficient, high-precision and high-quality forging of the water turbine generator main shaft forging through automatic rotation feeding, synchronous slag removal and intelligent vibration avoidance, and effectively solves the problems of high labor intensity, low production efficiency, unstable product quality and serious equipment loss in the traditional die forging process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of die forging technology, specifically to a die forging assembly and a die forging device and method for forging a turbine generator main shaft forging. Background Technology

[0002] Die forging refers to a forging method that uses dies to shape a blank on specialized die forging equipment to obtain a forging. Forgings produced by this method have precise dimensions, small machining allowances, and relatively complex structures. It boasts high productivity, low labor intensity, and precise dimensions. The main shaft forgings for hydro turbine generators also require die forging equipment during their manufacturing process.

[0003] In existing die forging equipment, the process of forging a spindle involves first placing a high-temperature baked metal billet into the arc-shaped groove of the die base under the worktable, and then starting the forging hammer to forge the metal billet into the required shape. During the forging process, the operator needs to use a clamping device to hold one end of the spindle and rotate it continuously, so that different surfaces of the spindle come into contact with the forging machine. This is not only labor-intensive, but if the operator is not skilled in clamping the spindle, it will also affect the forging quality and efficiency of the spindle forging. Furthermore, the need to continuously use the clamping device to hold the spindle during forging means that when the pressure seat presses down on the spindle, the clamping device is frequently subjected to vibration, making it prone to damage and affecting its clamping function on the spindle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to propose a die forging assembly and a die forging device and method for turbine generator main shaft forging.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A forging assembly includes a base and further includes: A gantry frame, the gantry frame being fixed on a base, the base having a lower die seat fixed on the lower side of the gantry frame, the lower die seat having an arc-shaped groove for forging the main shaft component; A rotating assembly, wherein two sets of rotating assemblies are provided on the base and respectively disposed on both sides of the lower die base, for driving the main shaft to rotate during die forging; A pushing component is disposed on one side of the base and is used to push the main shaft component downward to the mold base for feeding. The pushing component is connected to the rotating component.

[0006] Preferably, the pushing component includes a support plate fixed on the base, a spiral rod rotatably connected to both sides of the support plate, a drive motor fixed on the support plate for driving the spiral rod to rotate, a first sleeve threadedly connected to the spiral rod, and a pushing member disposed on the first sleeve, wherein the pushing member movably abuts against one end of the main shaft component.

[0007] Preferably, the pushing component includes a gear housing fixed on a first sleeve, a main gear and a secondary gear rotatably connected in the gear housing, a first reciprocating screw fixedly connected to the secondary gear, a second sleeve threadedly connected to the first reciprocating screw, and a material-pushing plate fixedly connected to the second sleeve and movably abutting against the end of the main shaft component. The main gear and the secondary gear are meshed, and the main gear is rotatably connected to the first sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the main gear is slidably connected to the helical rod body, a guide bar is fixedly provided on the inner side wall of the main gear, and a guide groove for sliding of the guide bar is provided on the helical rod body.

[0009] Preferably, each set of rotating components includes a gearbox fixed on both sides of the gantry frame, a second reciprocating screw rotatably connected to the gearbox, a third sleeve threadedly connected to the second reciprocating screw, and an auxiliary rotating component disposed on the third sleeve. The second reciprocating screw is provided with a secondary bevel gear, and the spiral rod body is provided with a main bevel gear meshing with the secondary bevel gear.

[0010] Preferably, the auxiliary rotating component includes a first elastic telescopic rod fixed to the third sleeve, a movable seat fixed to the top of the first elastic telescopic rod and sliding outside the second reciprocating screw, a sliding plate slidably connected to the side of the movable seat, a transverse plate disposed at the end of the sliding plate, and a connecting rod hinged between the transverse plate and the third sleeve, wherein the transverse plate moves against the main shaft component.

[0011] Preferably, a support plate is fixed on the third sleeve, a second elastic telescopic rod is fixed on the support plate, a positioning rod is provided at the bottom of the second elastic telescopic rod, a pressing inclined surface is provided at the bottom of the positioning rod, a positioning hole that cooperates with the positioning rod is provided on the sliding plate, a side plate is also fixed on the positioning rod, and a top rod that moves against the side plate is provided on the base and the gantry frame.

[0012] Preferably, the lower mold base includes a support fixed on the base, a central seat fixed on the top of the support, and movable seats disposed on both sides of the central seat and slidably connected to the support. The helical rod includes a screw rotatably connected to the support plate and a bidirectional reciprocating screw disposed at the end of the screw. A fourth sleeve is threadedly connected to the bidirectional reciprocating screw, and a connecting rod connected to the movable seat is fixed on the fourth sleeve.

[0013] This invention discloses a forging device for a turbine generator main shaft forging, including the forging assembly described above, and a hydraulic cylinder fixed on a gantry frame. The bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a pressure seat, and the base is provided with support seats for supporting the main shaft on both sides of the lower die seat.

[0014] This invention also discloses a die forging method for turbine generator main shaft forgings, which involves processing the forgings using the aforementioned die forging device for turbine generator main shafts, and includes the following steps: S1: The operator places the heated and cylindrical spindle blank on the support seat on one side of the lower die base and the push assembly; S2: Control the operation of the hydraulic cylinder. Its piston rod drives the pressure seat to move down and perform the first forging of the main shaft part placed in the arc groove of the lower die seat. During the forging process, the pressure causes the metal billet to undergo plastic deformation, fill the die cavity, and form a preliminary shape. Subsequently, the hydraulic cylinder drives the pressure seat to return upward, leaving space for subsequent operations; S3: During the upward movement of the pressure seat, the drive motor is started synchronously, and its output shaft drives the screw to rotate. Through the threaded transmission, the first sleeve sleeved on the screw moves along the screw axis, thereby driving the pusher on it to move forward towards the main shaft. The screw drives the main gear to rotate through the guide groove on it. The main gear drives the auxiliary gear that meshes with it. The auxiliary gear drives the first reciprocating screw to rotate. The second sleeve, which is threaded to the first reciprocating screw, moves axially and drives the feeding plate to push the end of the main shaft, so that it is conveyed into the arc groove a predetermined distance. After the second sleeve moves to the other end of the first reciprocating screw, it moves back. As the screw rotates, the main bevel gear fixed on it rotates accordingly and meshes with the secondary bevel gear on the second reciprocating screw, transmitting power to the second reciprocating screw. The rotation of the second reciprocating screw drives the third sleeve and its auxiliary rotating parts to move axially along the second reciprocating screw, causing the two transverse plates of the rotating assembly to approach and contact the upper and lower sides of the main shaft. Subsequently, the connecting rod pushes the transverse plates to produce lateral movement, and the two transverse plates produce relative movement, forcing the main shaft to rotate, thereby exposing a new forging surface to the die cavity. The rotational motion is synchronized with the feeding motion, thereby enabling a comprehensive adjustment of the forging surface of the main spindle component; S4: While the rotating component is working, the screw drives the bidirectional reciprocating screw to rotate. The rotation of the bidirectional reciprocating screw drives the fourth sleeve to pull the movable seat through the connecting rod, causing it to briefly separate from the central seat. This separation action forms a gap on the side of the die cavity. The oxide scale debris generated by the main shaft during rotation and feeding can fall into the collection device at the bottom through the gap under the action of gravity. As the bidirectional reciprocating screw continues to rotate, it drives the movable seat to reset and re-fit tightly with the central seat, ready for the next forging, thus avoiding the accumulation of waste residue that damages the surface quality of the forging. S5: After each component is reset, the cycle of "forging-return-rotary feeding and slag removal" is repeated again until the forging process of the entire spindle is completed.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the automated coordination of the pushing component and the rotating component completely replaces manual operation, solving the problem that in the prior art, operators must use clamping devices (such as clamps or chucks) to manually and frequently flip and feed heavy spindle blanks in high temperature and high vibration environments. This is not only extremely labor-intensive and poses safety hazards, but also requires a high level of skill from the operators. If the timing, angle or speed of flipping is not appropriate, it is very easy to cause defects such as partial incomplete filling, folding or misalignment of the forging. This invention eliminates quality fluctuations caused by human subjective factors and ensures the consistency and reliability of the product. 2. In this invention, since the spindle component that has not yet been forged has an uneven circular shape, using multiple jaws on the chuck to clamp the spindle component may result in ineffective clamping, causing the spindle component to loosen or fall off during clamping. When the rotating assembly is working, two second reciprocating screws rotate simultaneously, and the two second reciprocating screws are respectively located on both sides of the spindle component, one on the upper side and the other on the lower side. The rotation of the second reciprocating screws drives the third sleeve and its auxiliary rotating component to move along the axial direction of the second reciprocating screws, so that the two transverse plates of the rotating assembly approach and contact the upper and lower sides of the spindle component. Subsequently, the connecting rod pushes the transverse plates to generate lateral movement, and the two transverse plates generate relative movement, forcing the spindle component to rotate. This replaces the existing technology of using a chuck to simultaneously clamp the circumference of the spindle component and thus rotate it, ensuring the rotational forging effect of the spindle component. 3. In this invention, by making the auxiliary rotation and feeding actuators (transverse plate, feed plate) contact the main shaft only when action is required, and automatically disengage or release constraints before forging, this replaces the traditional clamping device (such as a large chuck) which usually needs to continuously clamp the billet during the forging process. Continuous clamping of the billet will cause the huge impact vibration generated by the forging hammer to be transmitted to the precision components of the clamping device (such as gears and bearings), resulting in premature wear, loss of precision or even damage. Frequent maintenance and replacement of parts not only increases production costs, but also affects the continuity of production. This invention effectively avoids vibration damage and significantly extends the service life of related mechanisms. 4. In this invention, when the pushing component and the rotating component are working, the rotation of the bidirectional reciprocating screw drives the fourth sleeve to pull the movable seat through the connecting rod, causing it to briefly separate from the central seat. This separation action forms a gap on the side of the die cavity, allowing the oxide scale debris generated by the main shaft during rotation and feeding to leave the lower die seat through the gap under the action of gravity, thereby cleaning the die cavity of the lower die seat. This solves the problem that oxide scale and other impurities are pressed into the surface of the forging during the forging process, which will cause serious surface defects. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the gantry frame; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the gantry frame of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the support plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the first sleeve of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the second reciprocating lead screw of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the lower mold base of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Gantry frame; 3. Lower mold base; 301. Support; 302. Central seat; 303. Movable seat; 4. Main shaft; 401. Arc groove; 5. Rotating assembly; 6. Pushing assembly; 601. Support plate; 602. Helical rod; 6021. Guide groove; 6022. Main bevel gear; 603. Drive motor; 604. First sleeve; 7. Gear housing; 701. Main gear; 7011. Guide bar; 702. Secondary gear; 703. First reciprocating screw; 704. Second sleeve; 70 5. Feeding plate; 8. Gearbox; 801. Second reciprocating screw; 8011. Secondary bevel gear; 802. Third sleeve; 9. First elastic telescopic rod; 902. Moving seat; 903. Slide plate; 9031. Positioning hole; 904. Transverse plate; 905. Connecting rod; 10. Support plate; 1001. Second elastic telescopic rod; 1002. Positioning rod; 11. Top rod; 111. Side plate; 12. Bidirectional reciprocating screw; 121. Fourth sleeve; 122. Connecting rod; 13. Hydraulic cylinder; 131. Pressure seat; 14. Support seat. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 This embodiment provides a forging assembly, including a base 1, which serves as the supporting foundation for the entire equipment, and also includes a gantry frame 2, a rotating assembly 5, and a pushing assembly 6. The gantry frame 2 is fixedly mounted on the base 1, providing a stable support structure for the upper forging structure and ensuring it can withstand enormous forging pressure. A lower die seat 3 is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the gantry frame 2 on the base 1. The lower die seat 3 has an arc-shaped groove 401, i.e., a die cavity, for forging the main shaft component 4. Two sets of rotating assemblies 5 are provided on the base 1 and are respectively located on both sides of the lower die seat 3. They are used to drive the main shaft component 4 to rotate during forging and to precisely flip the main shaft component 4 after each forging to change the forging surface. The pushing assembly 6 is located on one side of the base 1 and is used to push the main shaft component 4 to the lower die seat 3, pushing the heated main shaft component 4 blank to the forging position of the lower die seat 3 in a step-by-step manner. The pushing assembly 6 is connected to the rotating assembly 5. Furthermore, this embodiment also discloses a forging device for a turbine generator main shaft forging, including the aforementioned forging assembly, including a hydraulic cylinder 13 fixed on the gantry frame 2, a pressure seat 131 provided at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 13, and support seats 14 for supporting the main shaft 4 provided on both sides of the base 1 and the lower die seat 3. Specifically, initial preparation: The operator places the spindle blank 4, heated to the forging temperature (usually 1100℃-1200℃), on the lower die base 3 and the support base 14 on one side of the push assembly 6; First forging: The hydraulic cylinder 13 drives the pressure seat 131 to press down, forging the main shaft 4 placed in the arc groove 401 of the lower die seat 3. The billet undergoes plastic deformation, filling the die cavity and forming. Then the hydraulic cylinder 13 controls the pressure seat 131 to return. Automated feeding and rotation: During the return stroke of the upper die, the push component 6 is started synchronously, driving the main spindle 4 to move to the lower die base 3. When the push component 6 is working, it drives the rotation component 4 to move, forcing the main spindle 4 to rotate and exposing a new surface to be forged. Cycle and completion: After the components of the push assembly 6 and the rotating assembly 5 are reset, the hydraulic cylinder 13 drives the pressure seat 131 again to perform the next forging. This cycle of "forging-return-rotation feeding" is repeated until the entire spindle part 5 is forged. This application completely replaces manual operation by automating the collaboration between the pushing component 6 and the rotating component 5. It solves the problem that in the prior art, operators must manually and frequently flip and feed heavy spindle blanks in high-temperature and high-vibration environments using clamping devices (such as clamps or chucks). This is not only extremely labor-intensive and poses safety hazards, but also requires a high level of skill from the operators. If the timing, angle, or speed of flipping is inappropriate, it is easy to cause defects such as partial incomplete filling, folding, or misalignment of the forging. This application eliminates quality fluctuations caused by subjective human factors and ensures the consistency and reliability of the product.

[0022] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the pushing component 6 comprises a support plate 601 fixed on the base 1, a spiral rod 602 rotatably connected to both sides of the support plate 601, a drive motor 603 fixed on the support plate 601 and used to drive the spiral rod 602 to rotate, a first sleeve 604 threadedly connected to the spiral rod 602, and a pushing member disposed on the first sleeve 604. The pushing member movably abuts against one end of the main shaft 4. The support plate 601 forms the foundation of the pushing component 6, providing stable support for the entire pushing component 6. The rod body 602 is rotatably connected to the support plate 601 by a bearing. After the drive motor 603 starts, it drives the spiral rod body 602 to rotate. The first sleeve 604, which is engaged with the spiral rod body 602 through a threaded pair, can be regarded as a nut slider. When the spiral rod body 602 rotates, due to the presence of an anti-rotation guide mechanism (a guide rail or guide rod not shown in the figure), the reciprocating screw and sleeve in the subsequent embodiments operate on the same principle, preventing the first sleeve 604 from rotating with the spiral rod body 602 and allowing it to move linearly along the axial direction of the spiral rod body 602.

[0023] Specifically, at the start of a forging cycle, the drive motor 603 is usually in a stopped state, and the first sleeve 604 and the pusher on it are located at the initial position of the helical rod 602, that is, at the end away from the lower die holder 3; After the pressure seat 131 completes one forging and rises back up, the control system issues a command to start the drive motor 603, and the motor output shaft drives the screw rod 602 to rotate synchronously. The rotational motion of the screw rod 602 is immediately converted into the linear motion of the first sleeve 604 along the axis through the threaded pair. The first sleeve 604 drives the pusher on it to move smoothly towards the main shaft 4. The pusher then contacts and pushes the end of the main shaft 4, forcing the main shaft 4, which is under high temperature, to slide precisely forward in the arc groove 401 of the lower die base 3. This is intended to send a new section of the blank into the forging zone to prepare for the next forging. This application automates the feeding process without manual intervention, which not only reduces the labor intensity and safety hazards of operators, but also matches the overall die forging cycle, significantly improving production efficiency. It is especially suitable for automated production lines and long-term continuous operation.

[0024] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the pushing component includes a gear housing 7 fixed on the first sleeve 604, a main gear 701 and a secondary gear 702 rotatably connected inside the gear housing 7, a first reciprocating screw 703 fixedly connected to the secondary gear 702, a second sleeve 704 threadedly connected to the first reciprocating screw 703, and a material-pushing plate 705 fixedly connected to the second sleeve 704 and movably abutting against the end of the main shaft 4. The main gear 701 and the secondary gear 702 are meshed and connected, and the main gear 701 is rotatably connected to the first sleeve 604. The gear housing 7 provides support and protection for the internal gear and reciprocating screw mechanism. The first reciprocating screw 703 is existing technology and can cause the second sleeve 704 to produce automatic reciprocating linear motion. Furthermore, the main gear 701 is slidably connected to the helical rod body 602. A guide bar 7011 is fixedly provided on the inner side wall of the main gear 701, and a guide groove 6021 for sliding of the guide bar 7011 is provided on the helical rod body 602, so that the main gear 701 can rotate synchronously with the helical rod body 602. Specifically, when the drive motor 603 starts, it drives the screw rod 602 to rotate. Since the main gear 701 is slidably connected to the guide groove 6021 on the screw rod 602 through the guide bar 7011 on its inner side, the rotation of the screw forces the main gear 701 to rotate. The rotating main gear 701 drives the secondary gear 702 that meshes with it to rotate, thereby driving the first reciprocating screw 703 that is fixedly connected to the secondary gear 702 to rotate. When the first reciprocating screw 703 continues to rotate, the second sleeve 704 that is engaged with it through the threaded pair will make continuous and automatic reciprocating linear motion along the axis of the first reciprocating screw 703. When the second sleeve 704 moves along the first reciprocating screw 703 toward the main shaft 4, it drives the feeding plate 705 on it to move forward synchronously. The feeding plate 705 then contacts and pushes the end of the main shaft 4, so that it is accurately conveyed into the lower mold base 3. When the second sleeve 704 moves to the end of the stroke of the first reciprocating screw 703, due to the characteristics of the reciprocating screw, it will automatically move in the opposite direction, driving the pusher plate 705 back to the initial position. During this return stroke, the pusher plate 705 disengages from the main shaft 4 and will not drive the main shaft 4 back, thus preparing for the next push. This application replaces the traditional clamping device (such as a large chuck) that usually needs to continuously clamp the billet during the forging process by making the auxiliary feeding actuator, namely the feed plate 705, only contact the main shaft 4 when it needs to be activated, and automatically disengage or release its constraint before forging. Continuous clamping of the billet will cause the huge impact vibration generated by the forging hammer to be transmitted to the precision components of the clamping device (such as gears and bearings), resulting in premature wear, loss of precision or even damage. Frequent maintenance and replacement of parts not only increases production costs, but also affects the continuity of production. This application effectively avoids vibration damage and significantly extends the service life of related mechanisms.

[0025] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, each set of rotating components 5 includes a gearbox 8 fixed on both sides of the gantry frame 2, a second reciprocating screw 801 rotatably connected to the gearbox 8, a third sleeve 802 threadedly connected to the second reciprocating screw 801, and an auxiliary rotating component set on the third sleeve 802. The gearbox 8 is a sealed box that provides support and protection for the internal transmission components such as the second reciprocating screw 801. The two second reciprocating screws 801 of each set of rotating components 5 are respectively set on both sides of the gantry frame 2, with one located on the upper side of the main shaft component 4 and the other on the lower side of the main shaft component 4. A secondary bevel gear 8011 is provided on the second reciprocating screw 801, and a main bevel gear 6022 that meshes with the secondary bevel gear 8011 is provided on the spiral rod body 602. Furthermore, the auxiliary rotating component includes a first elastic telescopic rod 9 fixed on the third sleeve 802, a movable seat 902 fixed on the top of the first elastic telescopic rod 9 and sliding on the outside of the second reciprocating screw 801, a sliding plate 903 slidably connected to the side of the movable seat 902, a transverse plate 904 disposed at the end of the sliding plate 903, and a connecting rod 905 hinged between the transverse plate 904 and the third sleeve 802. The transverse plate 904 moves against the main shaft component 4. The surface of the transverse plate 904 is usually designed with textures or materials to increase friction, so as to effectively drive the main shaft component 4 to rotate. Specifically, when the drive motor 603 starts and drives the screw rod body 602 to rotate, the main bevel gear 6022 fixed on it rotates accordingly. The main bevel gear 6022 meshes with the secondary bevel gear 8011 at the end of the second reciprocating screw 801, transmitting power to the second reciprocating screw 801, causing it to start rotating. The rotation of the second reciprocating screw 801 drives the third sleeve 802 to move along its axial direction. The third sleeve 802 drives the entire auxiliary rotating component to move linearly towards the main shaft component 4, so that the transverse plates 904 on the upper and lower sides approach and contact the upper and lower surfaces of the main shaft component 4. When the transverse plate 904 contacts the outer wall of the main shaft 4, its linear motion is blocked by the main shaft 4. At this time, the third sleeve 802 continues to move forward under the drive of the second reciprocating screw 801. The continued forward movement of the third sleeve 802 applies a thrust to the transverse plate 904 through the connecting rod 905. Since the linear motion of the transverse plate 904 is restricted, this thrust will be converted into a force that causes the transverse plate 904 to slide laterally along the slide plate 903. The two transverse plates 904 move in opposite directions, thus generating frictional forces in opposite directions on the upper and lower surfaces of the main spindle 4, forming a rotational couple that effectively drives the main spindle 4 to rotate, thereby exposing a new surface to be forged. To adapt to the pushing action of the main spindle 4 in the pushing assembly 6, an auxiliary roller perpendicular to the axis of the main spindle 4 can be set on the transverse plate 904 to avoid affecting the feeding action of the main spindle 4 when the transverse plate 904 contacts the main spindle 4. Multiple circumferential anti-slip patterns can be set on the auxiliary roller to generate friction with it and make it rotate without affecting the transverse movement of the main spindle 4. It should be noted that a support plate 10 is fixed on the third sleeve 802, a second elastic telescopic rod 1001 is fixed on the support plate 10, a positioning rod 1002 is provided at the bottom of the second elastic telescopic rod 1001, a pressing slope is provided at the bottom of the positioning rod 1002, a positioning hole 9031 that cooperates with the positioning rod 1002 is provided on the slide plate 903, a side plate 111 is also fixed on the positioning rod 1002, and a top rod 11 that moves against the side plate 111 is provided on the base 1 and the gantry frame 2. Specifically, after the transverse plate 904 abuts against the side wall of the main shaft 4, the transverse plate 904 cannot move further. As the third sleeve 802 continues to move axially along the second reciprocating screw 801, the third sleeve 802 pushes the transverse plate 904 to move laterally via the connecting rod 905. The transverse plate 904 causes the slide plate 903 to move relative to the moving seat 902. During this period, the transverse plate 904 applies a pushing force to the pressing slope at the bottom of the positioning rod 1002. The positioning rod 1002 avoids the movement of the slide plate 903 and can limit the return movement of the slide plate 903. As the two transverse plates 904 move left and right relative to each other, the main shaft 4 placed between them rotates, changing the position of the lower part. When the third sleeve 802 moves to the other end of the second reciprocating screw 801, the rotation of the main shaft 4 by the rotating assembly 5 ends. The third sleeve 802 drives the auxiliary rotating component to move back. At this time, since the slide plate 903 is restricted by the positioning rod 1002, the transverse plate 904 moves away from the main shaft 4 with the third sleeve 802 instead of driving the main shaft 4 to rotate in the opposite direction. After the third sleeve 802 returns to the initial position, the push rod 11 abuts against the side plate 111, causing the positioning rod 1002 to move away from the positioning hole 9031. At this time, under the elastic force of the first elastic telescopic rod 9, the transverse plate 904 drives the slide plate 903 to return to the original position, preparing for the subsequent rotation of the main shaft 4. This application replaces the traditional clamping device (such as a large chuck) that usually needs to continuously clamp the billet during the forging process by making the auxiliary rotating actuator, namely the transverse plate 904, only contact the main spindle 4 when action is required, and automatically disengage or release the constraint before forging. Continuous clamping of the billet will cause the huge impact vibration generated by the forging hammer to be transmitted to the precision components of the clamping device (such as gears and bearings), resulting in premature wear, loss of precision or even damage. Frequent maintenance and replacement of parts not only increases production costs, but also affects the continuity of production. This application effectively avoids vibration damage and significantly extends the service life of related mechanisms.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 11 As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the lower mold base 3 includes a support 301 fixed on the base 1, a central seat 302 fixed on the top of the support 301, and a movable seat 303 disposed on both sides of the central seat 302 and slidably connected to the support 301. The screw rod 602 includes a screw rotatably connected to the support plate 601 and a bidirectional reciprocating screw 12 disposed at the end of the screw. A fourth sleeve 121 is threadedly connected to the bidirectional reciprocating screw 12, and a connecting rod 122 connected to the movable seat 303 is fixedly disposed on the fourth sleeve 121. Specifically, during the return stroke of the upper mold, the drive motor 603 starts, driving the helical rod 602 to rotate. The rotation of the helical rod 602 is distributed to the rotating component 5 through the meshing of the bevel gear set at its end, namely the main bevel gear 6022 and the secondary bevel gear 8011. At the same time, it also drives the bidirectional reciprocating screw 12 at its end to rotate synchronously. The bidirectional reciprocating screw 12 consists of two reciprocating screw sections. The rotation of the bidirectional reciprocating screw 12 drives the fourth sleeve 121 to move along the screw axis. The fourth sleeve 121 pulls the movable seat 303 through the connecting rod 122, causing it to slide outward on the support 301, thereby separating from the central seat 302 and forming a gap on the side of the mold cavity. At this time, the main shaft 4 rotates under the action of the rotating component 5 and the pushing component 6. The rotating and axially fed main shaft 4 acts like a "scraper," scraping away the oxide scale and debris generated during forging to the edge of the seat. Under gravity, the waste falls through the edges of the movable seat 303 and the central seat 302 into the pre-set collection device (such as a waste cart or conveyor belt), achieving automatic slag removal. As the bidirectional reciprocating screw 12 continues to rotate, the fourth sleeve 121 moves to the end of its stroke and then begins to move in the opposite direction. Through the connecting rod 122, it pushes the movable seat 303 to reset inward, re-fitting tightly with the central seat 302, restoring the complete forging cavity and preparing for the next forging. The slag removal action is synchronized with the "forging-return-rotation feeding" cycle of the main machine, automatically executing in each cycle interval, repeating continuously. This application automatically and promptly cleans impurities such as oxide scale from the arc groove 401, effectively preventing these contaminants from being pressed into the surface of the forging during subsequent forging, thus forming defects such as pits and indentations. This significantly improves the surface quality and yield of the forging. Moreover, this process is completed automatically during forging intervals, eliminating the need for operators to manually clean the mold at high temperatures, thus eliminating safety hazards. At the same time, it reduces manual intervention and improves the automation level and production continuity of the equipment. Meanwhile, the power for slag removal, feeding, and rotation comes from the same motor. The mechanical transmission ensures synchronized actions, eliminating the need for an additional independent power source and complex control system. The structure is compact, highly reliable, and ensures a smooth production rhythm.

[0027] This application also discloses a die forging method for a turbine generator main shaft, which involves processing the main shaft using the aforementioned die forging device, and includes the following steps: S1: The operator places the heated and cylindrical spindle blank 4 onto the support seat 14 on one side of the lower die base 3 and the push assembly 6; S2: Control the operation of hydraulic cylinder 13, its piston rod drives the pressure seat 131 to move down, and performs the first forging of the main shaft part 4 placed in the arc groove 401 of the lower die seat 3. During the forging process, the pressure causes the metal billet to undergo plastic deformation, fill the die cavity, and form a preliminary shape. Subsequently, hydraulic cylinder 13 drives pressure seat 131 to return upward, leaving space for subsequent operations; S3: During the upward movement of the pressure seat 131, the drive motor 603 is started synchronously. Its output shaft drives the screw to rotate. Through the threaded transmission, the first sleeve 604 sleeved on the screw moves along the screw axis, thereby driving the pusher on it to move forward in the direction of the main shaft 4. The screw drives the main gear 701 to rotate through the guide groove 6021 on it. The main gear 701 drives the auxiliary gear 702 that meshes with it. The auxiliary gear 702 drives the first reciprocating screw 703 to rotate. The second sleeve 704, which is threaded to the first reciprocating screw 703, moves axially and drives the feeding plate 705 to push the end of the main shaft 4, so that it is conveyed into the arc groove 401 a predetermined distance. After the second sleeve 704 moves to the other end of the first reciprocating screw 703, it moves back. As the screw rotates, the main bevel gear 6022 fixed on it rotates accordingly and meshes with the secondary bevel gear 8011 on the second reciprocating screw 801, transmitting power to the second reciprocating screw 801. The rotation of the second reciprocating screw 801 drives the third sleeve 802 and its auxiliary rotating parts to move axially along the second reciprocating screw 801, causing the two transverse plates 904 of the rotating assembly 5 to approach and contact the upper and lower sides of the main shaft 4. Subsequently, the transverse plates 904 are pushed by the connecting rod 905 to produce lateral movement. The two transverse plates 904 produce relative movement, forcing the main shaft 4 to rotate, thereby exposing a new forging surface to the die cavity. The rotation and feeding actions are synchronized, thereby making a comprehensive adjustment to the forging surface of the main shaft component 4; S4: While the rotating component 5 is working, the screw drives the bidirectional reciprocating screw 12 to rotate. The rotation of the bidirectional reciprocating screw 12 drives the fourth sleeve 121 to pull the movable seat 303 through the connecting rod 122, causing it to briefly separate from the central seat 302. This separation action forms a gap on the side of the die cavity. The oxide scale debris generated by the main shaft component 4 during rotation and feeding can fall into the collection device at the bottom through the gap under the action of gravity. As the bidirectional reciprocating screw 12 continues to rotate, it drives the movable seat 303 to reset and re-fit tightly with the central seat 302, ready for the next forging, avoiding the accumulation of waste residue that damages the surface quality of the forging. S5: After each component is reset, the cycle of "forging-return-rotary feeding and slag removal" is repeated again until the forging process of the entire spindle 4 is completed.

[0028] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0029] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging assembly, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, Also includes: Gantry frame (2), the gantry frame (2) is fixed on the base (1), the base (1) is fixed on the lower side of the gantry frame (2) with a lower mold seat (3), and the lower mold seat (3) is provided with an arc groove (401) for forging the main shaft (4). Rotating assembly (5), two sets of rotating assembly (5) are provided on the base (1) and respectively on both sides of the lower die base (3), for driving the main shaft (4) to rotate during die forging; Pushing component (6), which is disposed on one side of the base (1) and is used to push the main shaft (4) to feed the material to the mold base (3); The pushing component (6) is connected to the rotating component (5).

2. The forging assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pushing component (6) is fixed on a support plate (601) on a base (1), a spiral rod (602) rotatably connected to both sides of the support plate (601), a drive motor (603) fixed on the support plate (601) and used to drive the spiral rod (602) to rotate, a first sleeve (604) threadedly connected to the spiral rod (602), and a pushing member provided on the first sleeve (604). The pushing member is movably abutted against one end of the main shaft (4).

3. A forging assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pusher includes a gear housing (7) fixed on a first sleeve (604), a main gear (701) and a secondary gear (702) rotatably connected in the gear housing (7), a first reciprocating screw (703) fixedly connected to the secondary gear (702), a second sleeve (704) threadedly connected to the first reciprocating screw (703), and a feed plate (705) fixedly connected to the second sleeve (704) and movably abutting against the end of the main shaft (4). The main gear (701) and the secondary gear (702) are meshed, and the main gear (701) is rotatably connected to the first sleeve (604).

4. A forging assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main gear (701) is slidably connected to the helical rod body (602). A guide bar (7011) is fixedly provided on the inner side wall of the main gear (701), and a guide groove (6021) for sliding of the guide bar (7011) is provided on the helical rod body (602).

5. A forging assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each set of rotating components (5) includes a gearbox (8) fixed on both sides of the gantry frame (2), a second reciprocating screw (801) rotatably connected to the gearbox (8), a third sleeve (802) threadedly connected to the second reciprocating screw (801), and an auxiliary rotating component set on the third sleeve (802). The second reciprocating screw (801) is provided with a secondary bevel gear (8011), and the spiral rod body (602) is provided with a main bevel gear (6022) meshing with the secondary bevel gear (8011).

6. A forging assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The auxiliary rotating component includes a first elastic telescopic rod (9) fixed on the third sleeve (802), a movable seat (902) fixed on the top of the first elastic telescopic rod (9) and sliding outside the second reciprocating screw (801), a sliding plate (903) slidably connected to the side of the movable seat (902), a transverse plate (904) provided at the end of the sliding plate (903), and a connecting rod (905) hinged between the transverse plate (904) and the third sleeve (802). The transverse plate (904) moves against the main shaft component (4).

7. A forging assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, A support plate (10) is fixed on the third sleeve (802), and a second elastic telescopic rod (1001) is fixed on the support plate (10). A positioning rod (1002) is provided at the bottom of the second elastic telescopic rod (1001). A pressing slope is provided at the bottom of the positioning rod (1002). A positioning hole (9031) is provided on the slide plate (903) to cooperate with the positioning rod (1002). A side plate (111) is also fixed on the positioning rod (1002). A top rod (11) is provided on the base (1) and the gantry frame (2) to move against the side plate (111).

8. A forging assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lower mold base (3) includes a support (301) fixed on the base (1), a central seat (302) fixed on the top of the support (301), and a movable seat (303) disposed on both sides of the central seat (302) and slidably connected to the support (301). The screw rod (602) includes a screw rod rotatably connected to the support plate (601) and a bidirectional reciprocating screw (12) disposed at the end of the screw rod. A fourth sleeve (121) is threaded onto the bidirectional reciprocating screw (12), and a connecting rod (122) connected to the movable seat (303) is fixed onto the fourth sleeve (121).

9. A forging device for a turbine generator main shaft, comprising a forging assembly as described in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a hydraulic cylinder (13) fixed on the gantry frame (2), the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder (13) is provided with a pressure seat (131), and the base (1) is also provided with a support seat (14) on both sides of the lower mold base (3) for supporting the main shaft (4).

10. A method for forging a turbine generator main shaft forging, wherein the forging is performed using the forging apparatus for a turbine generator main shaft as described in claim 9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: The operator places the heated and cylindrical spindle blank (4) on the support seat (14) on one side of the lower die base (3) and the push assembly (6); S2: Control the operation of the hydraulic cylinder (13), whose piston rod drives the pressure seat (131) to move down, and performs the first forging of the main shaft (4) placed in the arc groove (401) of the lower die seat (3). During the forging process, the pressure causes the metal billet to undergo plastic deformation, fill the die cavity, and form a preliminary shape. Subsequently, the hydraulic cylinder (13) drives the pressure seat (131) to move upward during the return stroke, leaving space for subsequent operations; S3: During the upward movement of the pressure seat (131), the drive motor (603) is started synchronously, and its output shaft drives the screw to rotate. Through the thread transmission, the first sleeve (604) sleeved on the screw moves along the screw axis, thereby driving the pusher on it to move forward in the direction of the main shaft (4). The screw drives the main gear (701) to rotate through the guide groove (6021) on it. The main gear (701) drives the auxiliary gear (702) that meshes with it. The auxiliary gear (702) drives the first reciprocating screw (703) to rotate. The second sleeve (704) that is threaded to the first reciprocating screw (703) moves axially and drives the feeding plate (705) to push the end of the main shaft (4) so ​​that it is conveyed into the arc groove (401) a predetermined distance. After the second sleeve (704) moves to the other end of the first reciprocating screw (703), it moves back. As the screw rotates, the main bevel gear (6022) fixed on it rotates accordingly and meshes with the secondary bevel gear (8011) on the second reciprocating screw (801), transmitting power to the second reciprocating screw (801). The rotation of the second reciprocating screw (801) drives the third sleeve (802) and its auxiliary rotating parts to move axially along the second reciprocating screw (801), causing the two transverse plates (904) of the rotating assembly (5) to approach and contact the upper and lower sides of the main shaft (4). Subsequently, the transverse plates (904) are pushed to generate lateral movement through the connecting rod (905), and the two transverse plates (904) generate relative movement, forcing the main shaft (4) to rotate, thereby exposing a new forging surface to the die cavity. The rotation action is synchronized with the feeding action, thereby making a comprehensive adjustment to the forging surface of the main shaft (4); S4: While the rotating component (5) is working, the screw drives the bidirectional reciprocating screw (12) to rotate. The rotation of the bidirectional reciprocating screw (12) drives the fourth sleeve (121) to pull the movable seat (303) through the connecting rod (122), causing it to briefly separate from the central seat (302). This separation action forms a gap on the side of the die cavity. The oxide scale debris generated by the main shaft component (4) during rotation and feeding can fall into the collection device at the bottom through the gap under the action of gravity. As the bidirectional reciprocating screw (12) continues to rotate, it drives the movable seat (303) to reset and re-fit tightly with the central seat (302) to prepare for the next forging, avoiding the accumulation of waste residue that damages the surface quality of the forging. S5: After each component is reset, the cycle of "forging-return-rotation feeding and slag removal" is repeated again until the forging process of the entire spindle (4) is completed.

Images