Laser cutting method, storage medium, computer device and laser cutting system
By using laser cutting parameters with slow start-up and normal flying cut parameters, the low efficiency problem caused by the piercing process in laser cutting has been solved, achieving efficient and stable continuous cutting and improving the cutting efficiency and quality of medium and thick plates.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- MAXPHOTONICS CORP
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
Smart Images
Figure CN122099596A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular to a laser cutting method, storage medium, computer equipment, and laser cutting system. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of laser cutting, especially when processing medium and thick plates, perforation is an indispensable preparatory step. It involves using a laser beam to etch a small hole into the intact plate, which serves as the starting point for subsequent cutting. This is crucial for ensuring the quality and integrity of the cut and for protecting the internal optical lenses and other moving mechanisms of the cutting nozzle from spatter damage. (If cutting is started directly under high power conditions without pre-perforation, on the one hand, gaps or overheating points may be left at the cutting starting point of the workpiece contour, or the cut may not be complete, seriously affecting the processing quality; on the other hand, the high-temperature molten metal material cannot be discharged in time and will splash violently upwards or in all directions. Such spatter can easily damage the optical protective lenses, clog or damage the cutting nozzle, and may adhere to the surface of the machine tool guide rails and transmission components. Long-term accumulation will affect the service life and motion accuracy of the equipment.)
[0003] Traditional piercing processes require the laser head to come to a complete stop at the starting point (i.e., zero speed), continuously applying a high-peak-power laser beam to a fixed position until the material is completely melted through. This process, especially for thicker materials, often takes several seconds or even longer. Furthermore, after piercing, the cutting head needs to accelerate back to its normal cutting speed from a stationary state, further increasing unproductive time consumption. Throughout the processing, if the part contour contains numerous starting points requiring piercing (e.g., densely packed circular holes or complex patterns), the accumulated piercing and repeated acceleration / deceleration time will account for a significant proportion of the total processing time, severely impacting overall cutting efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application mainly provides a laser cutting method, a storage medium, a computer device, and a laser cutting system to solve the problem of poor cutting efficiency caused by the current laser cutting process of perforation.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application adopts a technical solution as follows: providing a laser cutting method. This laser cutting method includes: acquiring laser processing parameters that match the properties of the material to be cut, the laser processing parameters including slow-start parameters and normal flying-cut parameters; generating a speed planning curve along the cutting path based on the cutting path and the laser processing parameters; the speed planning curve including a first speed planning curve for the slow-start stage and a second speed planning curve for the normal flying-cut stage, the first speed planning curve and the second speed planning curve being continuous; controlling the laser spot to move along the cutting path at the first speed planning curve and cutting the material to be cut using the slow-start parameters during the slow-start stage; and controlling the laser spot to continue moving along the cutting path at the second speed planning curve and cutting the material to be cut using the normal flying-cut parameters during the normal flying-cut stage.
[0006] In some embodiments, the slow-start cutting parameters include slow-start cutting distance, slow-start cutting speed, and slow-start cutting laser power; the normal flying cutting parameters include normal flying cutting speed and normal flying cutting laser power.
[0007] In some embodiments, the slow start distance is 1-5 mm.
[0008] In some embodiments, the first speed planning curve includes a first acceleration curve and a slow start speed curve, wherein the first acceleration curve is a smooth acceleration curve that plans acceleration from zero speed to the slow start speed, and the slow start speed curve is a constant slow start speed. The second speed planning curve includes a second acceleration curve and a normal flying cut speed curve. The second acceleration curve is a smooth acceleration curve that plans the acceleration from the slow start speed to the normal flying cut speed. The normal flying cut speed curve is the constant normal flying cut speed.
[0009] In some embodiments, after obtaining laser processing parameters that match the properties of the material to be cut, the method further includes: Based on the contour information of the material to be cut, a continuous cutting path is generated, the cutting path including at least one contour path. The speed planning curve includes at least one set of first speed planning curves and second speed planning curves, and each set of first speed planning curves and second speed planning curves corresponds to one contour path. The first speed planning curve corresponding to the first contour path includes the first acceleration curve and the slow start speed curve, and the first speed planning curve for each subsequent contour path includes the slow start speed curve.
[0010] In some embodiments, the laser cutting method further includes: During the slow start-up phase and / or the normal flying cut phase, the slow start-up speed, slow start-up laser power, normal flying cut speed, and / or normal flying cut laser power are finely adjusted in real time based on the sparks or sounds generated during the cutting process.
[0011] In some embodiments, the properties of the sheet material to be cut include material properties and thickness; The process of obtaining laser processing parameters that match the properties of the material to be cut includes: The laser processing parameters that match the material properties and thickness of the plate to be cut are obtained from the preset process parameter database.
[0012] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a laser cutting system, including a laser and a control module connected to the laser, wherein the control module is used to control the laser spot output by the laser to perform cutting processing on the material to be cut along a preset cutting path, the cutting path including a slow start-up stage and a normal flying cut stage. During the slow-start cutting phase, the control module controls the laser spot to move along the cutting path at a first speed planned curve and to cut the material to be cut using the slow-start cutting parameters; during the normal flying cutting phase, the control module controls the laser spot to continue moving along the cutting path at a second speed planned curve and to cut the material to be cut using the normal flying cutting parameters.
[0013] Furthermore, the control module of this application can control the laser cutting method in the foregoing embodiments.
[0014] To address the aforementioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a storage medium. This storage medium stores program data, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the laser cutting method described above.
[0015] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a computer device. This computer device includes a processor and a memory interconnected, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the steps of the laser cutting method described above.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: Unlike existing technologies, this application discloses a laser cutting method, a storage medium, a computer device, and a laser cutting system. This application replaces the static piercing process with a slow-start process, achieving progressive melting penetration on the material to be cut. It linearly distributes laser energy across the material over a short distance, gradually melting it through. This integrates the previously independent piercing process into the initial stage of a continuous cutting path, achieving integrated piercing and cutting. This reduces non-productive time consumption, avoids dedicated piercing time and secondary acceleration processes, and significantly improves processing efficiency. Using this cutting method, when cutting materials up to 10mm thick, the cutting efficiency under the same parameters can be improved by at least 10% compared to traditional cutting methods, and the efficiency advantage is more pronounced for materials up to 12mm thick, i.e., larger shapes. Furthermore, because the laser spot maintains continuous, low-speed progressive movement during the slow-start phase, energy input is spatially dispersed, effectively preventing overheating at the starting point and greatly reducing spatter. This application can achieve efficient, stable, and reliable continuous cutting while ensuring cut quality. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the laser cutting method provided in this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the speed planning curve in step 20 of the laser cutting method shown; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the speed planning curve in step 20 of the laser cutting method shown; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the storage medium provided in this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the computer device provided in this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the laser cutting system provided in this application; Figure 7 This is a comparison table of the efficiency of the laser cutting solution provided in this application and the traditional cutting solution. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0019] The terms "first," "second," and "third" used in the embodiments of this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.
[0020] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0021] This application provides a laser cutting method, see reference. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the laser cutting method provided in this application. The laser cutting method includes: Step 10: Obtain laser processing parameters that match the properties of the material to be cut. These parameters include slow start parameters and normal flying cut parameters.
[0022] The properties of the sheet material to be cut include material properties and thickness. For example, the material properties of the sheet material to be cut are stainless steel, carbon steel, aluminum alloy, copper or copper alloy, etc., and the sheet thickness can be different specifications such as 2mm, 3mm, 5mm, etc.
[0023] Different material properties and / or different sheet thicknesses correspond to different laser processing parameters. Therefore, it is necessary to match the appropriate laser processing parameters according to the actual material properties and thickness data of the sheet.
[0024] Optionally, laser processing parameters that match the material properties and thickness of the sheet material to be cut can be manually entered via the interactive module.
[0025] In this embodiment, laser processing parameters that match the material properties and thickness of the plate to be cut are obtained from a preset process parameter database.
[0026] The pre-set process parameter database includes laser processing parameter sets corresponding to various material properties and thickness combinations. Each laser processing parameter set contains slow-start parameters and normal flying-cut parameters optimized for a specific material and thickness combination. These process parameter data are pre-calibrated and stored based on extensive experimental data and feedback from actual processing results, ensuring high-quality laser cutting processing can be achieved under different material properties and thickness combinations. Furthermore, this pre-set process parameter database can be regularly updated and optimized to adapt to changes in new materials or processing requirements, thereby improving cutting efficiency and accuracy.
[0027] By setting up a pre-defined database of process parameters, the accuracy and efficiency of matching laser processing parameters can be improved, and operational errors caused by manual intervention can be effectively reduced.
[0028] Optionally, the material properties and thickness of the plate to be cut can be input through a human-computer interaction interface, and then the laser processing parameters that match the material properties and thickness can be automatically retrieved from a preset process parameter database.
[0029] Optionally, the material properties and thickness of the plate to be cut can be automatically identified through visual recognition, and the corresponding laser processing parameters in the preset process parameter database can be automatically matched according to the recognition results, so as to realize the intelligent retrieval and matching of laser processing parameters.
[0030] Laser processing parameters include slow-start parameters and normal flying-cut parameters. In this embodiment, the laser cutting process is divided into a slow-start stage and a normal flying-cut stage. The slow-start stage replaces the static piercing process in the prior art. In the slow-start stage, the slow-start parameters control the laser spot to move and gradually melt through the plate at the starting cutting position with a smaller laser power and a lower speed. This integrates the original independent piercing process into the continuous cutting slow-start stage, achieving integrated piercing and cutting. In the normal flying-cut stage, the normal flying-cut parameters control the laser to perform efficient cutting along the cutting path with a normal flying-cut speed and normal flying-cut laser power.
[0031] Specifically, the slow-start parameters include slow-start distance, slow-start speed, and slow-start laser power; the normal flying-cut parameters include normal flying-cut speed and normal flying-cut laser power.
[0032] The material to be cut is gradually melted through within a slow starting distance, which is extremely short relative to the entire cutting path, usually a few millimeters, depending on the material properties and thickness.
[0033] The slow start-up speed is lower than the normal flying cut speed, and the laser power is also lower than the normal flying cut laser power. On the one hand, this is to avoid slag splashing due to excessive laser power when the material is not fully melted, which could damage the optical protective lens, clog or damage the cutting nozzle, and may adhere to the surface of the machine tool guide rail and transmission components. Long-term accumulation will affect the service life and motion accuracy of the equipment. On the other hand, by relatively slowing down the speed and distributing the lower laser energy linearly on the material to be cut over a short distance, the material can be gradually melted through, while greatly reducing slag splashing.
[0034] In this embodiment, the slow start distance is 1-5mm, the ratio of the slow start speed to the normal flying cut speed is 0.2-0.5, and the ratio of the slow start laser power to the normal flying cut laser power is 0.3-0.5.
[0035] For example, for a 2.75mm thick stainless steel sheet, the starting distance can be set to 2mm.
[0036] For example, if the normal flying cutting speed is 10m / min, then the slow starting speed can be set to 2-5m / min.
[0037] For example, the normal flying cut laser power is 20kW, while the slow start laser power can be set to 8-10kW.
[0038] For plates of different material properties and thicknesses, there are matching combinations of slow start-up parameters and normal flying cut parameters. These parameters have been verified by a large number of experiments and are pre-set in the process parameter database to ensure a seamless connection between stable through-cutting and efficient cutting under different material and thickness conditions, thereby improving processing efficiency and cutting quality consistency.
[0039] Step 20: Generate a speed planning curve along the cutting path based on the cutting path and laser processing parameters; the speed planning curve includes a first speed planning curve for the slow start-up stage and a second speed planning curve for the normal flying cut stage, and the first speed planning curve and the second speed planning curve are continuous.
[0040] The cutting path is the geometric contour of the workpiece to be cut from the sheet metal. The laser spot performs laser cutting along this path to form the desired workpiece. The cutting path can be a closed or open path, depending on the design shape of the workpiece and its position on the sheet metal.
[0041] The cutting path is a single-stroke path, which can be formed by the geometric contour of a single workpiece or a combination of the geometric contours of multiple workpieces. For example, if each workpiece is arranged on a sheet material to be cut, the cutting path is the geometric contour line of that workpiece. Alternatively, when multiple workpieces are arranged on the same sheet material for batch cutting, the cutting path is a continuous path formed by sequentially connecting the geometric contours of each workpiece. The laser processing head does not need to perform a slow-start stage for each workpiece, which can significantly improve processing efficiency.
[0042] The cutting path can be manually entered by the user through the interactive module, or the optimal cutting path can be automatically generated based on the outline of the material to be cut according to the nesting algorithm.
[0043] In this embodiment, before step 20, the method further includes: generating a continuous cutting path based on the contour information of the material to be cut, wherein the cutting path includes at least one contour path.
[0044] That is, the cutting path can be automatically generated by the nesting algorithm based on the contour information of the material to be cut. For example, after selecting the geometric contour of the workpiece to be cut and the nesting strategy, the cutting path of the material to be cut can be automatically planned based on the contour information of the material to be cut, and the contour paths are connected into a continuous path in one stroke according to the optimal processing order, so as to reduce the idle movement and the number of start and stop during the laser cutting process.
[0045] For example, the cutting path includes a contour path, which is the geometric contour of a single workpiece as the unique cutting path.
[0046] Alternatively, the cutting path can include the contour paths of two, three, or more workpieces. These contour paths are connected in an optimal sequence to form a continuous cutting path, enabling efficient continuous cutting of batches of workpieces. When the laser spot moves along this continuous cutting path, a slow-start phase is performed only at the beginning of the first workpiece contour path. Subsequent cutting paths are all normal flying cut phases, eliminating the need for repeated slow-start phases. This significantly reduces non-productive time consumption during processing and improves overall laser cutting efficiency.
[0047] The slow-start phase involves the laser spot scanning the cutting path from its initial point for the entire slow-start distance, after which the normal flying cut phase begins. During the slow-start phase, lower laser energy is linearly distributed across the material to be cut over a short distance, gradually melting through the material while significantly reducing slag spatter. In the subsequent normal flying cut phase, the laser spot continues scanning the cutting path at a set high speed and high power, achieving efficient, stable, and reliable continuous cutting.
[0048] The multiple contour paths included in this cutting path can be in contact or separated. The continuity of the overall cutting path can be maintained by introducing micro-connecting or bridging paths between two separated contour paths to achieve process connection during nesting. These micro-connecting or bridging paths can be simultaneously cut during laser cutting, ensuring complete separation of each workpiece. After completing the slow-start phase of the first workpiece contour path, the laser spot can then continuously scan the subsequent contour paths and their bridging sections in normal flying-cut mode without needing to slow down and restart again.
[0049] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram illustrates an embodiment of the speed planning curve in step 20 of the laser cutting method. The first speed planning curve includes a first acceleration curve and a slow-start speed curve. The first acceleration curve is a smooth acceleration curve that plans the acceleration from zero speed to a slow-start speed V1, and the slow-start speed curve represents a constant slow-start speed V1. The second speed planning curve includes a second acceleration curve and a normal flying cut speed curve. The second acceleration curve is a smooth acceleration curve that plans the acceleration from the slow-start speed V1 to a normal flying cut speed V2, and the normal flying cut speed curve represents a constant normal flying cut speed V2.
[0050] A smooth acceleration curve can be an S-shaped acceleration curve or a polynomial acceleration curve, ensuring that the acceleration changes continuously without abrupt changes, achieving smooth and stable movement of the cutting head, and effectively suppressing mechanical vibration during the cutting process.
[0051] In this embodiment, the first acceleration curve is a curve that starts from zero speed and smoothly rises in an S-shape to a slow starting speed V1. It then runs at a stable slow starting speed V1, forming a slow starting speed curve. The laser spot or cutting head completes the slow starting stage movement according to the first speed planning curve, that is, it scans the slow starting distance along the starting point of the cutting path, achieving gradual melting of the sheet metal and stable establishment of the initial kerf. Subsequently, it switches to the second speed planning curve. The second acceleration curve is a curve that starts from the slow starting speed V1 and smoothly rises in an S-shape to a normal flying cutting speed V2. This ensures that the laser cutting head maintains stable movement during speed changes, avoiding trajectory deviations or mechanical impacts caused by sudden acceleration changes, further improving the accuracy and efficiency of multi-contour continuous cutting. After the second acceleration curve, the laser spot continues to scan along the cutting path at a constant normal flying cutting speed V2, entering a high-efficiency continuous cutting stage, comprehensively improving cutting efficiency and cross-sectional quality.
[0052] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 yes Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the speed planning curve in step 20 of the laser cutting method. In some other embodiments, the cutting path includes multiple consecutive contour paths, but each contour path needs to perform a slow start-up phase and a normal flying cut phase, that is, each contour path needs to perform a slow start-up phase independently.
[0053] The speed planning curve includes at least one set of first speed planning curves and second speed planning curves, and each set of first speed planning curves and second speed planning curves corresponds to a contour path; wherein, the first speed planning curve corresponding to the first contour path includes a first acceleration curve and a slow start speed curve, and the first speed planning curve for each subsequent contour path includes a slow start speed curve.
[0054] Between two adjacent contour paths, after the laser cutting of the previous contour path is completed, the running speed of the laser spot will gradually decrease from the normal flying cutting speed V2 to the slow starting speed V1 according to the deceleration curve. During this deceleration phase, it will cross the connecting path between the two contours and smoothly transition to the starting position of the next contour path. Then, the corresponding first speed planning curve will be activated again to enter the slow starting stage. The first speed planning curve of the next contour path only includes the slow starting speed curve, that is, the laser spot scans from the starting point of the contour path at a constant slow starting speed V1 to complete the melting process within the slow starting distance, ensuring the initial state of the cut is stable.
[0055] The deceleration curve is a smooth deceleration curve designed to reduce the speed from the normal flying cutting speed to the slow starting speed. This smooth deceleration curve can be an S-shaped deceleration curve or a polynomial deceleration curve to ensure that the acceleration change is continuous and without abrupt changes, thereby achieving smooth and stable movement of the cutting head and effectively suppressing mechanical vibration during the cutting process.
[0056] In addition, B-spline curves or double cyclotron curves can be used to smooth sharp corners in the cutting path, ensuring the continuity of acceleration during laser cutting and avoiding mechanical vibration caused by sudden acceleration changes.
[0057] Step 30: In the slow-start stage, control the laser spot to move along the cutting path at the first speed and the planned curve, and cut the material to be cut using the slow-start parameters; and in the normal flying-cut stage, control the laser spot to continue moving along the cutting path at the second speed and the planned curve, and cut the material to be cut using the normal flying-cut parameters.
[0058] In the slow-start cutting stage, the laser spot moves along the cutting path at a planned curve at the first speed. The laser power is controlled to be output according to the slow-start cutting laser power to complete the moving and gradual melting process of the slow-start cutting stage, ensuring that the material to be cut is completely melted and a stable cut is formed. Then, in the normal flying cutting stage, the laser spot moves according to the planned curve at the second speed, and the laser power is switched to the normal flying cutting power to continue moving along the cutting path and maintain high-speed and stable cutting of the material to be cut, ensuring that the cut width is uniform and the cross-section is clean.
[0059] In embodiments where the cutting path includes multiple consecutive contour paths and each contour path requires a slow-start phase and a normal flying-cut phase, the laser power is synchronously reduced to the standby power or the slow-start laser power during the deceleration phase.
[0060] Furthermore, the laser cutting method also includes: in the slow start-up stage and / or the normal flying cut stage, the slow start-up speed, the slow start-up laser power, the normal flying cut speed and / or the normal flying cut laser power are finely adjusted in real time based on the sparks or sounds generated by the cutting process.
[0061] The effects of environmental conditions and other factors may cause deviations in the laser cutting effect during the slow start-up stage and / or the normal flying cut stage. In this case, the stability of the cutting state can be determined by real-time monitoring of the sparks or sounds generated during the cutting process. The slow start-up speed, slow start-up laser power, normal flying cut speed and / or normal flying cut laser power can be finely adjusted to compensate for the impact of environmental disturbances and ensure the consistency of the cut quality.
[0062] For example, if excessive sparks or a strong acoustic signal are detected during cutting, this phenomenon is often caused by insufficient energy input leading to incomplete cutting. In this case, increasing the slow-start laser power / normal flying-cut laser power and / or decreasing the slow-start speed / normal flying-cut speed, i.e., increasing the energy input and / or slowing down the cutting speed, prolongs the laser action time and / or increases the effective energy input per unit length, promoting the molten pool to stabilize, achieving complete melting, and eliminating abnormal sparks. If the spark or acoustic signal becomes weak, it indicates that the energy input may be too high, posing a risk of overheating. In this case, correspondingly decreasing the slow-start laser power / normal flying-cut laser power and / or increasing the slow-start speed / normal flying-cut speed can prevent overheating or energy waste.
[0063] It is understandable that the real-time fine-tuning here does not contradict the "constant" speed setting in the aforementioned speed planning curve. This real-time fine-tuning is temporary; for example, when an abnormal signal is detected and adjusting the laser power alone is insufficient, the system can temporarily and slightly reduce the speed to increase the energy application time in a specific segment. Conversely, it can temporarily and slightly increase the speed to reduce heat input. Furthermore, the term "constant" should be understood as a relatively stable state relative to a set value, allowing fluctuations within its smallest neighborhood.
[0064] Specifically, this application can collect sparks or sounds generated during the cutting process by setting spark detection sensors or sound detection sensors in the cutting area. For example, during the slow start-up stage and the normal flying cut stage, the spark detection sensor is used to collect the characteristic signals of the sparks generated during the cutting process in real time. The characteristic signals of the sparks include parameters such as spark intensity, distribution range, and duration. The sound detection sensor is used to collect the characteristic signals of the sound generated during the cutting process in real time. The characteristic signals of the sound include parameters such as sound frequency, amplitude, and fluctuation range. The collected spark or sound characteristic signals are then compared and analyzed with the corresponding thresholds in the pre-stored stages to determine whether the current cutting state is stable and meets the expected results. When the real-time signal is detected to exceed the preset standard threshold range, the laser power is finely adjusted based on the signal deviation to ensure the stability of the processing quality at each stage.
[0065] In some embodiments, the spark detection sensor can be used in conjunction with a module such as a CCD that has image acquisition capabilities. By acquiring images and sensor signals during processing in real time, the accuracy of spark detection can be improved and false alarms can be reduced.
[0066] In traditional laser cutting processes, conventional piercing techniques rely on a stationary laser head, using continuous high-peak-power laser light to penetrate a single point on the material. This process is not only time-consuming but also prone to defects such as overheating at the starting point and slag buildup. Furthermore, the violent splashing of molten metal can damage optical lenses and moving parts. The repeated starting and stopping of the cutting head from rest to cutting speed further reduces cutting efficiency and exacerbates mechanical wear. In contrast, this application replaces the static piercing process with a slow-start cutting technique, achieving progressive melting penetration on the material to be cut. The laser spot used for cutting starts at a lower speed and power and accelerates smoothly, linearly distributing laser energy across the material over a short distance, gradually melting through it. This integrates the previously independent piercing stage into the initial stage of a continuous cutting path, achieving integrated piercing and cutting, reducing non-productive time consumption, and significantly minimizing slag splashing. This effectively solves the problems of overheating at the starting point and slag buildup, resulting in a smooth, slag-free cut formed during the slow-start cutting stage, facilitating subsequent high-speed flying cuts.
[0067] Comparative experiments have verified that the slow-start cutting process described in this application reduces the starting point defect rate by approximately 70% compared to the traditional static piercing and cutting method. Furthermore, by reducing idle travel and repetitive positioning time, the cutting efficiency is improved by approximately 30% to 50%. In addition, the continuous one-stroke cutting method avoids the connection marks of segmented cutting, improving the contour accuracy by approximately 25%. By optimizing the cutting speed curve and motion stability of the laser spot, the surface roughness Ra value can be controlled below 3.2 μm, greatly improving the efficiency and quality of laser cutting processing.
[0068] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 A comparison table of the efficiency of the laser cutting solution provided in this application and traditional cutting solutions is provided, showing the processing performance of the cutting solution provided in this application at different plate thicknesses. Clearly, from... Figure 7 Test data shows that in processing sheet metal up to 10mm thick, the cutting efficiency of this application's solution is at least 10% higher than that of traditional solutions. In processing sheet metal up to 12mm thick or larger shapes, the efficiency of this application's cutting solution is even more significant. The laser cutting method provided in this embodiment not only avoids the static piercing time and secondary acceleration process in traditional processes, significantly improving laser cutting efficiency, but also effectively prevents overheating at the cutting start point, greatly reducing spatter, and achieving efficient, stable, and reliable continuous cutting while ensuring cut quality.
[0069] See Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the storage medium provided in this application.
[0070] The storage medium 40 stores program data 41, which, when executed by the processor, implements, as follows: Figure 1 The steps of the laser cutting method described.
[0071] The program data 41 is stored in a storage medium 40 and includes several instructions for causing a network device (which may be a router, personal computer, server, or other network device) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.
[0072] Optionally, the storage medium 40 can be any medium capable of storing program data 41, such as a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk, or optical disc.
[0073] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the computer device provided in this application.
[0074] The computer device 50 includes a processor 52 and a memory 51 connected to each other. The memory 51 stores a computer program. When the processor 52 executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the laser cutting method described above.
[0075] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a laser cutting system 60, see reference. Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the laser cutting system provided in this application.
[0076] The laser cutting system of this application includes a laser 61 and a control module 62 connected to the laser 61. The control module 62 is used to control the laser spot output by the laser 61 to perform cutting processing on the material to be cut along a preset cutting path. The cutting path includes a slow start-up stage and a normal flying cut stage. During the slow-start cutting phase, the control module 62 controls the laser spot to move along the cutting path at a first speed along a planned curve and to cut the material to be cut using the slow-start cutting parameters; during the normal flying cutting phase, the control module 62 controls the laser spot to continue moving along the cutting path at a second speed along a planned curve and to cut the material to be cut using the normal flying cutting parameters.
[0077] In addition, the control module 62 can control the laser cutting method in the aforementioned embodiments.
[0078] In some embodiments, the laser cutting system further includes a spark detection sensor or a sound detection sensor to collect sparks or sounds generated during the cutting process. For example, during the slow start-up stage and the normal flying cut stage, the spark detection sensor collects the spark characteristic signals generated during the cutting process in real time. The spark characteristic signals include parameters such as spark intensity, distribution range, and duration. The sound detection sensor collects the sound characteristic signals generated during the cutting process in real time. The sound characteristic signals include parameters such as sound frequency, amplitude, and fluctuation range. The collected spark characteristic signals or sound characteristic signals are then compared and analyzed with the corresponding thresholds in the pre-stored stages to determine whether the current cutting state is stable and meets the expected results. When the real-time signal is detected to exceed the preset standard threshold range, the laser power is fine-tuned based on the signal deviation to ensure the stability of the processing quality at each stage.
[0079] In some embodiments, the spark detection sensor can be used in conjunction with a module such as a CCD that has image acquisition capabilities. By acquiring images and sensor signals during processing in real time, the accuracy of spark detection can be improved and false alarms can be reduced.
[0080] In some embodiments, the laser cutting system 60 may specifically include an interaction module, a laser processing module, and a control module 62. The control module 62 is communicatively connected to the interaction module and the laser processing module. The interaction module is used for users to input processing data, and the laser processing module is used to output a laser spot to perform laser cutting on the material to be cut.
[0081] The processing data may include the properties of the sheet material to be cut, the geometric contour of the workpiece, the cutting path, or the selected laser processing parameters. The laser processing module may include a motion mechanism, a laser, and a cutting head. The motion mechanism carries the cutting head, and the laser outputs a laser beam to the cutting head, which focuses the laser onto the surface of the sheet material to be processed, achieving high-precision continuous cutting. The control module 62 controls the laser processing module to execute the cutting task, calling the program instructions in the memory in real time and controlling the laser light plate output by the laser 61 to cut the sheet material to be cut along the preset cutting path.
[0082] It should be noted that the laser cutting system provided in this application embodiment and the laser cutting method provided in the foregoing embodiments of this application are all based on the same inventive concept. That is, the system can realize the functions and logic of each step in the aforementioned method through its hardware modules and the program instructions stored therein. The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the storage medium embodiment and the electronic device embodiment, since they are basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method embodiment.
[0083] This application can be used in a wide range of general-purpose or special-purpose computing system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, etc.
[0084] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.
[0085] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.
[0086] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.
[0087] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this application, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application. The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A laser cutting method, characterized in that, The laser cutting method includes: Obtain laser processing parameters that match the properties of the material to be cut, including slow start parameters and normal flying cut parameters; Based on the cutting path and the laser processing parameters, a speed planning curve is generated along the cutting path; the speed planning curve includes a first speed planning curve for the slow start-up stage and a second speed planning curve for the normal flying cut stage, and the first speed planning curve and the second speed planning curve are continuous; In the slow-start cutting phase, the laser spot is controlled to move along the cutting path at the first speed and the cutting material to be cut is processed using the slow-start cutting parameters. In the normal flying cutting phase, the laser spot is controlled to continue moving along the cutting path at the second speed and the cutting material to be cut is processed using the normal flying cutting parameters.
2. The laser cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slow-start cutting parameters include slow-start cutting distance, slow-start cutting speed, and slow-start cutting laser power; the normal flying cutting parameters include normal flying cutting speed and normal flying cutting laser power.
3. The laser cutting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slow start distance is 1-5mm.
4. The laser cutting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first speed planning curve includes a first acceleration curve and a slow start speed curve. The first acceleration curve is a smooth acceleration curve that plans the acceleration from zero speed to the slow start speed. The slow start speed curve is a constant slow start speed. The second speed planning curve includes a second acceleration curve and a normal flying cut speed curve. The second acceleration curve is a smooth acceleration curve that plans the acceleration from the slow start speed to the normal flying cut speed. The normal flying cut speed curve is the constant normal flying cut speed.
5. The laser cutting method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After obtaining laser processing parameters that match the properties of the material to be cut, the process further includes: Based on the contour information of the material to be cut, a continuous cutting path is generated, the cutting path including at least one contour path. The speed planning curve includes at least one set of first speed planning curves and second speed planning curves, and each set of first speed planning curves and second speed planning curves corresponds to one contour path. The first speed planning curve corresponding to the first contour path includes the first acceleration curve and the slow start speed curve, and the first speed planning curve for each subsequent contour path includes the slow start speed curve.
6. The laser cutting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The laser cutting method further includes: During the slow start-up phase and / or the normal flying cut phase, the slow start-up speed, slow start-up laser power, normal flying cut speed, and / or normal flying cut laser power are finely adjusted in real time based on the sparks or sounds generated during the cutting process.
7. The laser cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The properties of the sheet material to be cut include material properties and thickness; The process of obtaining laser processing parameters that match the properties of the material to be cut includes: The laser processing parameters that match the material properties and thickness of the plate to be cut are obtained from the preset process parameter database.
8. A laser cutting system, characterized in that, The device includes a laser and a control module connected to the laser. The control module controls the laser spot output by the laser to perform cutting processing on the material to be cut along a preset cutting path. The cutting path includes a slow start-up stage and a normal flying cut stage. During the slow-start cutting phase, the control module controls the laser spot to move along the cutting path at a first speed planned curve and to cut the material to be cut using the slow-start cutting parameters; during the normal flying cutting phase, the control module controls the laser spot to continue moving along the cutting path at a second speed planned curve and to cut the material to be cut using the normal flying cutting parameters.
9. A storage medium storing program data thereon, characterized in that, When the program data is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the laser cutting method as described in any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer device, characterized in that, It includes an interconnected processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the steps of the laser cutting method as described in any one of claims 1-7.