A ginseng hydroponics special nutrient solution and a preparation method thereof
By using nano-cerium dioxide to catalyze the decomposition of root exudates, compound acids to enhance the availability of phosphorus and potassium, fulvic acid to promote lateral root development, and active bacterial communities to work synergistically, the problems of nutrient solution pollution and nutrient precipitation in ginseng hydroponics are solved, thereby improving the drought resistance and saponin content of ginseng and achieving efficient and high-quality hydroponic cultivation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGZHOU YINGFA TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution is easily contaminated by green algae, resulting in decreased light transmittance and reduced oxygen content, which affects root respiration and nutrient absorption. Nutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, and potassium are easily precipitated or lost, resulting in low bioavailability. Traditional nutrient solutions affect growth under adverse conditions, leading to a decrease in photosynthetic rate and insufficient saponin synthesis.
It uses nano-cerium dioxide to catalyze the decomposition of root exudates, compound acids to enhance the availability of phosphorus and potassium, fulvic acid to promote lateral root development, and active microbial communities to form a decomposition-chelation-absorption cycle, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers. Combined with growth stimulants and organic additives, it forms a virtuous cycle.
Extending the nutrient solution replacement cycle improves ginseng's drought resistance, increases root weight and saponin content, and achieves high-yield and high-quality cultivation, meeting green and organic planting standards.
Smart Images
Figure CN122102773A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution production technology, specifically to a ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution is a liquid fertilizer specifically designed for ginseng hydroponic cultivation systems, aiming to provide hydroponic ginseng with all the essential nutrients it needs. These nutrient solutions typically contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, trace elements, and other minerals beneficial to ginseng growth. Since hydroponics does not use soil, all nutrients must be provided through the nutrient solution dissolved in water to ensure the plant's roots can absorb and fully utilize them. Ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution not only meets the plant's basic growth needs but can also be formulated according to the characteristics of ginseng, optimizing root development and disease resistance to ensure healthy growth in the hydroponic environment.
[0003] During ginseng hydroponics, the nutrient solution is easily contaminated by green algae, leading to decreased light transmittance and reduced oxygen content in the water. This affects the respiration and nutrient absorption of ginseng roots, necessitating frequent nutrient solution replacements. Furthermore, nutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, and potassium in traditional nutrient solutions tend to precipitate or be lost, resulting in low bioavailability and increasing the frequency and cost of fertilization. When ginseng encounters adverse conditions such as drought or high temperatures, the plant is prone to wilting, and the photosynthetic rate decreases, leading to slow growth and reduced yield. Iron and zinc in traditional nutrient solutions easily form insoluble precipitates with phosphate and sulfate, resulting in a deficiency of these elements. Additionally, low chlorophyll content and poor photosynthetic efficiency limit the accumulation of dry matter in ginseng, further affecting saponin synthesis.
[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a special nutrient solution for hydroponic ginseng cultivation and its preparation method, which is used to solve the related technical problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a special nutrient solution for hydroponic ginseng and its preparation method. The prepared nutrient solution for hydroponic ginseng uses nano-cerium dioxide to catalyze the decomposition of root exudates, reducing nutrient solution pollution and extending the replacement cycle. Its stress-resistance enhancement effect improves the drought resistance of ginseng. The compound acid enhances the availability of phosphorus and potassium through the silicon bridge structure, and the bioactivity of fulvic acid promotes lateral root development, increases root weight, and increases saponin content. Both of these, together with active bacteria, form a virtuous cycle of decomposition-chelation-absorption, reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer used, meeting the standards of green organic planting, and achieving high-yield and high-quality ginseng cultivation.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A nutrient solution specifically for hydroponic ginseng cultivation, wherein the nutrient solution is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of main element agent, 0.025-0.3 parts of trace element agent, 0.2-0.3 parts of organic additive, 8-10 parts of active bacteria, 70-80 parts of deionized water, 0.5-1 parts of growth aid, and 0.01-0.02 parts of auxiliary ingredients; The main element agent is prepared by mixing calcium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and potassium nitrate in a mass ratio of 3.8-4.2:1.1-1.3:1:1.8-2.2. The trace element agent is prepared by mixing ferrous sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 10:2-3:1-2:1:0.08-0.12.
[0007] The auxiliary components include potassium hydroxide and 8-12 parts of photocatalyst. The potassium hydroxide is used to adjust the pH to 5.8-6.2, and the photocatalyst is selected from Shanghai Hanluo New Materials Co., Ltd.
[0008] Furthermore, the preparation method of the growth aid includes the following steps: A1: Prepare an aqueous solution and an oil solution. Add the aqueous solution dropwise to the oil solution, maintaining the ratio of the aqueous solution to the oil solution at 1:4.8-5.2. Stir for 1.5-2.5 hours to obtain a microemulsion. A2: Transfer the microemulsion to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, maintain the hydrothermal temperature at 170-190℃ for 23-25 hours, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature, add acetone to break the emulsion, centrifuge at 8000 r / min for 10-20 minutes to form a precipitate, wash the precipitate 2-4 times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, and dry it under vacuum at 25-35℃ for 4-6 hours to obtain the cerium dioxide precursor; It should be noted that the PTFE-lined high-pressure reactor is a device used for chemical reactions under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Its inner liner is covered with a layer of PTFE material, which has excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. It can effectively prevent reactants from contacting the metal parts of the reactor, avoiding corrosion and pollution. Moreover, the filling volume of the microemulsion is 80% of that of the high-pressure reactor.
[0009] A3: The cerium dioxide precursor is calcined in a muffle furnace at 400-500℃ for 1.5-2.5h to convert it into cerium dioxide nanoparticles. The cerium dioxide nanoparticles are then modified to obtain a growth aid.
[0010] Furthermore, the aqueous solution in step A1 is prepared by mixing cerium nitrate solution, sodium hydroxide solution, and methanol in a mass ratio of 4-4.5:1:4-5.
[0011] Furthermore, the method for preparing the oil phase solution in step A1 is as follows: Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, n-hexanol, and cyclohexane were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.3–1.7, and the mixture was stirred at a temperature of 23–27°C for 25–35 minutes to obtain an oil phase solution.
[0012] Furthermore, the specific steps for modifying the cerium dioxide nanoparticles are as follows: Prepare sodium dodecyl sulfate with a concentration of 0.05–0.07 g / mL, and adjust the pH to 9–11 by adding sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the modifier; Sodium dodecyl sulfate was purchased from Suzhou Xinshengyuan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
[0013] The modifier and cerium dioxide nanoparticles were mixed at a mass ratio of 2.5–3.5:24–26 and stirred at 24.5–25.5°C for 3.5–4.5 h to obtain the growth aid.
[0014] It should be noted that the growth aid can be used as a sample to obtain a growth aid solution. The particle size distribution of the modified solution can be detected by a particle size analyzer, and the solution can be left to stand for 24 hours to observe whether there is precipitation, stratification or flocculation.
[0015] Furthermore, the organic additive is prepared by mixing compound acid, seaweed extract and amino acid compound liquid in a mass ratio of 1:0.4-0.6:0.7-0.9.
[0016] The seaweed extract was purchased from Shanyang Lianfeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., while the amino acid complex was prepared by mixing glycine, proline, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamic acid, histidine, aspartic acid, cysteine, tryptophan and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of 23:15:10:11:10:10:6:6:4:5.
[0017] Furthermore, the preparation method of the composite acid includes the following steps: Tetraethyl orthosilicate and ethanol were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:3.5-4.5, and nitric acid solution was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 3-4. The mixture was stirred in a water bath at 55-65℃ for 1.5-2.5 hours to form a sol. After aging for 23-25 hours, the mixture was centrifuged for 10-20 minutes and washed 2-4 times with anhydrous ethanol. After washing, the mixture was dried under vacuum at 55-65℃ for 4.5-5.5 hours to obtain nano-silicon powder. Nanoparticle silica and fulvic acid solution are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:0.5 to 0.7 and ultrasonically treated for 25 to 35 minutes to obtain composite acid.
[0018] Furthermore, the method for preparing the fulvic acid solution is as follows: The humic acid raw material is soaked in 0.4-0.6 mol / L nitric acid solution and ultrasonically treated for 25-35 min to release active functional groups. Then, it is separated by ultrafiltration membrane to obtain a high-purity fulvic acid solution. The concentration of the high-purity fulvic acid solution is adjusted to 0.02-0.04 g / mL to obtain the fulvic acid solution.
[0019] It should be added that the humic acid raw material was purchased from Jinan Hongbo Chemical Co., Ltd.
[0020] Furthermore, the active bacterial flora is Bacillus subtilis, which is selected from Shandong Dehe Mingxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
[0021] A method for preparing a nutrient solution specifically for hydroponic ginseng cultivation includes the following steps: Step 1: Accurately weigh the main element agent into deionized water, stir at 20-25℃ until completely dissolved, add the trace element agent, and continue stirring to obtain a mixed solution; Step 2: Add the compound acid, seaweed extract and amino acid compound solution to the mixed solution obtained in Step 1, disperse using ultrasound to form a nutrient solution, and slowly add the growth aid while stirring until homogeneous. Step 3: After stirring evenly, add the active bacteria, adjust the pH to 5.8-6.2, add auxiliary ingredients, and filter through a 0.4-0.5μm filter membrane to finally obtain the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, modified cerium dioxide nanoparticles catalyze the decomposition of organic matter in root exudates through surface oxygen vacancies, thereby inhibiting the growth of green algae. Their nanoscale structure enhances the adsorption and slow release capacity of nutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, and potassium, improving bioavailability. The composite acid forms a silicon-humic acid hybrid structure through chemical grafting. The nano-silicon forms hydrogen bonds / chemical bonds with the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in fulvic acid, enhancing the chelation capacity for iron and zinc. At the same time, silicon participates in chlorophyll synthesis, and fulvic acid activates the auxin signaling pathway, synergistically promoting the accumulation of ginsenosides.
[0023] Nano-cerium dioxide catalyzes the decomposition of root exudates, reducing nutrient solution pollution and extending the replacement cycle; its stress-enhancing effect improves ginseng's drought resistance; the compound acid enhances the availability of phosphorus and potassium through the silicon bridge structure, and the bioactivity of fulvic acid promotes lateral root development, increasing root weight and saponin content; both, in synergy with active bacteria, form a virtuous cycle of decomposition-chelation-absorption, reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer used, meeting green organic planting standards, and achieving high-yield and high-quality ginseng cultivation. Attached Figure Description
[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation of a growth aid for ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation of compound acid for ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0027] Example 1 A nutrient solution specifically for hydroponic ginseng cultivation, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of main element agent, 0.025 parts of trace element agent, 0.2 parts of organic additive, 8 parts of active bacteria, 70 parts of deionized water, 0.5 parts of growth aid and 0.01 parts of auxiliary ingredients; The main element agent is prepared by mixing calcium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and potassium nitrate in a mass ratio of 3.8:1.1:1:1.8; The trace element agent is prepared by mixing ferrous sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 10:2:1:1:0.08.
[0028] The auxiliary components include potassium hydroxide and 8 parts of photocatalyst. The potassium hydroxide is used to adjust the pH to 5.8, and the photocatalyst is selected from Shanghai Hanluo New Materials Co., Ltd.
[0029] Furthermore, the preparation method of the growth aid includes the following steps: A1: Prepare an aqueous solution and an oil solution. Add the aqueous solution dropwise to the oil solution, maintaining the ratio of the aqueous solution to the oil solution at 1:4.8. Stir for 1.5 hours to obtain a microemulsion. A2: The microemulsion was transferred to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene. The hydrothermal temperature was 170℃, and the mixture was kept at this temperature for 23 hours. After naturally cooling to room temperature, acetone was added to break the emulsion. The mixture was centrifuged at 8000 r / min for 10 minutes to form a precipitate. The precipitate was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water alternately. The mixture was then dried under vacuum at 25℃ for 4 hours to obtain the cerium dioxide precursor. It should be noted that the PTFE-lined high-pressure reactor is a device used for chemical reactions under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Its inner liner is covered with a layer of PTFE material, which has excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. It can effectively prevent reactants from contacting the metal parts of the reactor, avoiding corrosion and pollution. Moreover, the filling volume of the microemulsion is 80% of that of the high-pressure reactor.
[0030] A3: The cerium dioxide precursor was calcined in a muffle furnace at 400℃ for 1.5h to convert it into cerium dioxide nanoparticles. The cerium dioxide nanoparticles were then modified to obtain a growth aid.
[0031] Furthermore, the aqueous solution in step A1 is prepared by mixing cerium nitrate solution, sodium hydroxide solution, and methanol in a mass ratio of 4:1:4.
[0032] Furthermore, the method for preparing the oil phase solution in step A1 is as follows: Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, n-hexanol, and cyclohexane were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.3, and the mixture was stirred at 23°C for 25 minutes to obtain an oil phase solution.
[0033] Furthermore, the specific steps for modifying the cerium dioxide nanoparticles are as follows: A 0.05 g / mL sodium dodecyl sulfate solution was prepared, and the pH was adjusted to 9 by adding sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the modifier; Sodium dodecyl sulfate was purchased from Suzhou Xinshengyuan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
[0034] The modifier and cerium dioxide nanoparticles were mixed at a mass ratio of 2.5:24 and stirred at 24.5℃ for 3.5 h to obtain the growth aid.
[0035] It should be noted that the growth aid can be used as a sample to obtain a growth aid solution. The particle size distribution of the modified solution can be detected by a particle size analyzer, and the solution can be left to stand for 24 hours to observe whether there is precipitation, stratification or flocculation.
[0036] Furthermore, the organic additive is prepared by mixing a compound acid, seaweed extract, and amino acid compound liquid in a mass ratio of 1:0.4:0.7.
[0037] The seaweed extract was purchased from Shanyang Lianfeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., while the amino acid complex was prepared by mixing glycine, proline, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamic acid, histidine, aspartic acid, cysteine, tryptophan and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of 23:15:10:11:10:10:6:6:4:5.
[0038] Furthermore, the preparation method of the composite acid includes the following steps: Tetraethyl orthosilicate and ethanol were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:3.5, and nitric acid solution was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 3. The mixture was stirred in a water bath at 55°C for 1.5 h to form a sol. After aging for 23 h, the mixture was centrifuged for 10 min and washed twice with anhydrous ethanol. After washing, the mixture was dried under vacuum at 55°C for 4.5 h to obtain nano-silicon powder. Nanoparticle silica and humic acid solution were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:0.5 and ultrasonically treated for 25 minutes to obtain composite acid.
[0039] Furthermore, the method for preparing the fulvic acid solution is as follows: The humic acid raw material was soaked in 0.4 mol / L nitric acid solution and ultrasonically treated for 25 min to release its active functional groups. Then, it was separated by ultrafiltration membrane to obtain a high-purity fulvic acid solution. The concentration of the high-purity fulvic acid solution was adjusted to 0.02 g / mL to obtain the fulvic acid solution.
[0040] It should be added that the humic acid raw material was purchased from Jinan Hongbo Chemical Co., Ltd.
[0041] Furthermore, the active bacterial flora is Bacillus subtilis, which is selected from Shandong Dehe Mingxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
[0042] A method for preparing a nutrient solution specifically for hydroponic ginseng cultivation includes the following steps: Step 1: Accurately weigh the main element agent into deionized water, stir at 20°C until completely dissolved, add the trace element agent, and continue stirring to obtain a mixed solution; Step 2: Add the compound acid, seaweed extract and amino acid compound solution to the mixed solution obtained in Step 1, disperse using ultrasound to form a nutrient solution, and slowly add the growth aid while stirring until homogeneous. Step 3: After stirring evenly, add the active bacteria, adjust the pH to 6, add auxiliary ingredients, and filter through a 0.45μm filter membrane to finally obtain the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution.
[0043] Example 2 The preparation method of the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1. The main difference between the two lies in the specific composition and ratio of the raw materials used. The specific composition of the raw materials used in this embodiment is as follows: 25 parts of main element agent, 0.028 parts of trace element agent, 0.25 parts of organic additive, 9 parts of active bacteria, 75 parts of deionized water, 0.8 parts of growth aid and 0.015 parts of auxiliary ingredients; The main element agent is prepared by mixing calcium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and potassium nitrate in a mass ratio of 4:1.2:1:2; The trace element agent is prepared by mixing ferrous sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 10:2.5:1.5:1:0.1.
[0044] The auxiliary components include potassium hydroxide and 9 parts of photocatalyst. The potassium hydroxide is used to adjust the pH to 6, and the photocatalyst is selected from Shanghai Hanluo New Materials Co., Ltd.
[0045] Furthermore, the preparation method of the growth aid includes the following steps: A1: Prepare an aqueous solution and an oil solution. Add the aqueous solution dropwise to the oil solution, keeping the ratio of the aqueous solution to the oil solution at 1:5. Stir for 2 hours to obtain a microemulsion. A2: The microemulsion was transferred to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene. The hydrothermal temperature was 180℃, and the mixture was kept at this temperature for 24 hours. After naturally cooling to room temperature, acetone was added to break the emulsion. The mixture was centrifuged at 8000 r / min for 15 minutes to form a precipitate. The precipitate was washed three times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water. The mixture was then dried under vacuum at 30℃ for 5 hours to obtain the cerium dioxide precursor. It should be noted that the PTFE-lined high-pressure reactor is a device used for chemical reactions under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Its inner liner is covered with a layer of PTFE material, which has excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. It can effectively prevent reactants from contacting the metal parts of the reactor, avoiding corrosion and pollution. Moreover, the filling volume of the microemulsion is 80% of that of the high-pressure reactor.
[0046] A3: The cerium dioxide precursor was calcined in a muffle furnace at 450°C for 2 hours to convert it into cerium dioxide nanoparticles. The cerium dioxide nanoparticles were then modified to obtain a growth aid.
[0047] Furthermore, the aqueous solution in step A1 is prepared by mixing cerium nitrate solution, sodium hydroxide solution, and methanol in a mass ratio of 4.3:1:4.5.
[0048] Furthermore, the method for preparing the oil phase solution in step A1 is as follows: Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, n-hexanol, and cyclohexane were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.5, and the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 30 minutes to obtain an oil phase solution.
[0049] Furthermore, the specific steps for modifying the cerium dioxide nanoparticles are as follows: A 0.06 g / mL sodium dodecyl sulfate solution was prepared, and the pH was adjusted to 10 by adding sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the modifier; Sodium dodecyl sulfate was purchased from Suzhou Xinshengyuan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
[0050] The modifier and cerium dioxide nanoparticles were mixed at a mass ratio of 3:25 and stirred at 25°C for 4 hours to obtain the growth aid.
[0051] It should be noted that the growth aid can be used as a sample to obtain a growth aid solution. The particle size distribution of the modified solution can be detected by a particle size analyzer, and the solution can be left to stand for 24 hours to observe whether there is precipitation, stratification or flocculation.
[0052] Furthermore, the organic additive is prepared by mixing a compound acid, seaweed extract, and amino acid compound liquid in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.8.
[0053] The seaweed extract was purchased from Shanyang Lianfeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., while the amino acid complex was prepared by mixing glycine, proline, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamic acid, histidine, aspartic acid, cysteine, tryptophan and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of 23:15:10:11:10:10:6:6:4:5.
[0054] Furthermore, the preparation method of the composite acid includes the following steps: Tetraethyl orthosilicate and ethanol were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:4, and nitric acid solution was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 3.5. The mixture was stirred in a water bath at 60°C for 2 hours to form a sol. After aging for 24 hours, the mixture was centrifuged for 15 minutes and washed three times with anhydrous ethanol. After washing, the mixture was dried under vacuum at 60°C for 5 hours to obtain nano-silicon powder. Nanoparticle silica and humic acid solution were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:0.6 and ultrasonically treated for 30 minutes to obtain composite acid.
[0055] Furthermore, the method for preparing the fulvic acid solution is as follows: The humic acid raw material was soaked in 0.5 mol / L nitric acid solution and ultrasonically treated for 30 min to release its active functional groups. Then, it was separated by ultrafiltration membrane to obtain a high-purity fulvic acid solution. The concentration of the high-purity fulvic acid solution was adjusted to 0.03 g / mL to obtain the fulvic acid solution.
[0056] It should be added that the humic acid raw material was purchased from Jinan Hongbo Chemical Co., Ltd.
[0057] Furthermore, the active bacterial flora is Bacillus subtilis, which is selected from Shandong Dehe Mingxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
[0058] Example 3 The preparation method of the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1. The main difference between the two lies in the specific composition and ratio of the raw materials used. The specific composition of the raw materials used in this embodiment is as follows: 30 parts of main element agent, 0.3 parts of trace element agent, 0.3 parts of organic additive, 10 parts of active bacteria, 80 parts of deionized water, 1 part of growth aid and 0.02 parts of auxiliary ingredients; The main element agent is prepared by mixing calcium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, and potassium nitrate in a mass ratio of 4.2:1.3:1:2.2. The trace element agent is prepared by mixing ferrous sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 10:3:2:1:0.12.
[0059] The auxiliary components include potassium hydroxide and 12 parts of photocatalyst. The potassium hydroxide is used to adjust the pH to 6.2, and the photocatalyst is selected from Shanghai Hanluo New Materials Co., Ltd.
[0060] Furthermore, the preparation method of the growth aid includes the following steps: A1: Prepare an aqueous solution and an oil solution. Add the aqueous solution dropwise to the oil solution, maintaining the ratio of the aqueous solution to the oil solution at 1:5.2. Stir for 2.5 hours to obtain a microemulsion. A2: The microemulsion was transferred to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene. The hydrothermal temperature was 190℃, and the mixture was kept at this temperature for 25 hours. After naturally cooling to room temperature, acetone was added to break the emulsion. The mixture was centrifuged at 8000 r / min for 20 minutes to form a precipitate. The precipitate was washed four times with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water alternately. The mixture was then dried under vacuum at 35℃ for 6 hours to obtain the cerium dioxide precursor. It should be noted that the PTFE-lined high-pressure reactor is a device used for chemical reactions under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Its inner liner is covered with a layer of PTFE material, which has excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. It can effectively prevent reactants from contacting the metal parts of the reactor, avoiding corrosion and pollution. Moreover, the filling volume of the microemulsion is 80% of that of the high-pressure reactor.
[0061] A3: The cerium dioxide precursor was calcined in a muffle furnace at 500℃ for 2.5h to convert it into cerium dioxide nanoparticles. The cerium dioxide nanoparticles were then modified to obtain a growth aid.
[0062] Furthermore, the aqueous solution in step A1 is prepared by mixing cerium nitrate solution, sodium hydroxide solution, and methanol in a mass ratio of 4.5:1:5.
[0063] Furthermore, the method for preparing the oil phase solution in step A1 is as follows: Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, n-hexanol, and cyclohexane were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.7, and the mixture was stirred at 27°C for 35 minutes to obtain an oil phase solution.
[0064] Furthermore, the specific steps for modifying the cerium dioxide nanoparticles are as follows: A sodium dodecyl sulfate solution with a concentration of 0.07 g / mL was prepared, and the pH was adjusted to 11 by adding sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the modifier; Sodium dodecyl sulfate was purchased from Suzhou Xinshengyuan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
[0065] The modifier and cerium dioxide nanoparticles were mixed at a mass ratio of 3.5:26 and stirred at 25.5℃ for 4.5 h to obtain the growth aid.
[0066] It should be noted that the growth aid can be used as a sample to obtain a growth aid solution. The particle size distribution of the modified solution can be detected by a particle size analyzer, and the solution can be left to stand for 24 hours to observe whether there is precipitation, stratification or flocculation.
[0067] Furthermore, the organic additive is prepared by mixing a compound acid, seaweed extract, and amino acid compound liquid in a mass ratio of 1:0.6:0.9.
[0068] The seaweed extract was purchased from Shanyang Lianfeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., while the amino acid complex was prepared by mixing glycine, proline, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamic acid, histidine, aspartic acid, cysteine, tryptophan and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of 23:15:10:11:10:10:6:6:4:5.
[0069] Furthermore, the preparation method of the composite acid includes the following steps: Tetraethyl orthosilicate and ethanol were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:4.5, and nitric acid solution was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 4. The mixture was stirred in a water bath at 65°C for 2.5 hours to form a sol. After aging for 25 hours, the mixture was centrifuged for 20 minutes and washed four times with anhydrous ethanol. After washing, the mixture was dried under vacuum at 65°C for 5.5 hours to obtain nano-silicon powder. Nanoparticle silica and humic acid solution were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:0.7 and ultrasonically treated for 35 minutes to obtain composite acid.
[0070] Furthermore, the method for preparing the fulvic acid solution is as follows: The humic acid raw material was soaked in a 0.6 mol / L nitric acid solution and ultrasonically treated for 35 min to release its active functional groups. Then, it was separated by ultrafiltration membrane to obtain a high-purity fulvic acid solution. The concentration of the high-purity fulvic acid solution was adjusted to 0.04 g / mL to obtain the fulvic acid solution.
[0071] It should be added that the humic acid raw material was purchased from Jinan Hongbo Chemical Co., Ltd.
[0072] Furthermore, the active bacterial flora is Bacillus subtilis, which is selected from Shandong Dehe Mingxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
[0073] Comparative Example 1: The preparation method and specific ratio of raw materials for the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution provided in this example are roughly the same as those in Example 1. The main difference is that this example does not contain growth accelerators.
[0074] Comparative Example 2: The preparation method and specific ratio of raw materials of the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution provided in this example are roughly the same as those in Example 1. The main difference is that this example does not contain active bacteria.
[0075] Comparative Example 3: The preparation method and specific ratio of raw materials of the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution provided in this example are roughly the same as those in Example 1. The main difference is that humic acid is used instead of compound acid in the organic additives. Comparative Example 4: The preparation method and specific ratio of raw materials of the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution provided in this example are roughly the same as those in Example 1. The main difference is that this example does not contain organic additives.
[0076] Effect test The ginseng hydroponic nutrient solutions prepared by Examples 1 to 3 of this invention are designated as Experimental Examples 1 to 3; the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solutions prepared by Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are designated as Comparative Examples 1 to 4; and then the performance of each group of equal amounts of ginseng hydroponic nutrient solutions is tested.
[0077] Experimental setup: Each treatment group (Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-4) was set up with 3 replicates, and the hydroponic cycle was 180 days; Cultivation environment: temperature 20-25℃, humidity 60%-70%, light cycle 12h / day, pH value strictly controlled according to the requirements of the example; The test indicators cover biomass, physiological indicators, active ingredients, and stress resistance.
[0078] The reference standard is: GB / T17419-2018: Used for the detection of trace element content and heavy metal limits (such as arsenic, cadmium, lead). NY1106-2010: Used to evaluate the effects of organic additives containing humic acid; Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition): Refer to the method for determining the content of ginsenosides; Root rot resistance: The incidence rate and disease index were statistically analyzed by artificially inoculating pathogens.
[0079] Experimental results: For details of the tests in Examples 1-3, please refer to Table 1: Table 1: Data Table As shown in Table 1, with the increase of the proportion of active ingredients (such as growth aids and organic additives) in the formula, the biomass, saponin content and disease resistance are significantly improved.
[0080] After the growth cycle was completed, the experimental results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are detailed in Table 2: Table 2: Based on Table 2, the three example groups were significantly better than all comparative groups in all growth and yield indicators, indicating that the complete formulation had the best synergistic effect. Comparative Example 1 lacked growth promoters, resulting in a loss of their antioxidant and photosynthetic-promoting effects, leading to insufficient biomass accumulation. Comparative Example 2 lacked Bacillus subtilis, resulting in root microecological imbalance, decreased nutrient absorption and disease resistance, and inhibited growth; In Comparative Example 3, ordinary humic acid was used instead of compound acid, which resulted in the loss of the latter's advantages in promoting silicon absorption and improving utilization efficiency, thus diminishing its effectiveness. Comparative Example 4, which completely lacked organic additives, had the weakest soil structure improvement and stimulating effect, and exhibited the worst growth performance.
[0081] The quality indicator, namely the total content of ginsenosides, is shown in Table 3: Table 3: Quality Indicators As shown in Table 3, the saponin content is basically consistent with the growth trend. The saponin content in the example group was the highest, indicating that the complete nutrient solution formula can effectively promote the synthesis of secondary metabolites.
[0082] Growth accelerators and active microbial communities make significant contributions to improving quality (comparison examples 1 and 2), while compound acids are superior to ordinary humic acids in improving quality (comparison example 3).
[0083] For resistance to root rot, as determined 14 days after inoculation with the pathogen, please refer to Table 4: Table 4: Resistance to Root Rot Analysis of Table 4 shows that the example group exhibited extremely strong disease resistance, which is attributed to the biological antagonism of the active bacterial flora (Bacillus subtilis), the systemic resistance induced by the compound acid, and the overall health level of the plants improved by the growth promoters.
[0084] Comparative Example 2 (sterile) and Comparative Example 4 (no organic additives) showed the worst disease resistance, indicating that microbial flora and organic active substances are key to disease resistance.
[0085] Comparative Example 1 lacked growth promoters, resulting in weakened plant resistance and increased disease incidence. Comparative Example 3 showed better disease resistance than Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 4, but not as good as the Example 1, indicating that nano-composite acid is more effective than ordinary humic acid in inducing disease resistance.
[0086] All nutrient solution products were tested, and the results all met the limits of GB / T17419~2018 (as shown in the table below), proving that all formulas meet the safety standards for heavy metals. See Table 5 for details: Table 5: Safety Table In summary, the experimental results are summarized in Table 6: Table 6: Experiment Summary Table in conclusion: The comparative experiments fully demonstrate that the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution provided in Examples 1-3 constitutes a highly efficient and synergistic system composed of main element agents, trace element agents, organic additives, active bacteria, and growth promoters. This formula not only significantly promotes ginseng growth, increases yield and quality, but also greatly enhances its resistance to root rot. Furthermore, the product is safe and reliable, meeting relevant national standards. The test results of each comparative example also verify the indispensable role of each functional component in the overall formula.
[0087] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0088] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims
1. A nutrient solution specifically for hydroponic ginseng cultivation, characterized in that: The ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of main element agent, 0.025-0.3 parts of trace element agent, 0.2-0.3 parts of organic additive, 8-10 parts of active bacteria, 70-80 parts of deionized water, 0.5-1 parts of growth aid, and 0.01-0.02 parts of auxiliary ingredients; The main element agent is prepared by mixing calcium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and potassium nitrate in a mass ratio of 3.8-4.2:1.1-1.3:1:1.8-2.
2. The trace element agent is prepared by mixing ferrous sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 10:2-3:1-2:1:0.08-0.
12.
2. The ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the growth aid includes the following steps: A1: Prepare an aqueous solution and an oil solution. Add the aqueous solution dropwise to the oil solution, maintaining the ratio of the aqueous solution to the oil solution at 1:4.8-5.
2. Stir for 1.5-2.5 hours to obtain a microemulsion. A2: Transfer the microemulsion to a high-pressure reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, maintain the hydrothermal temperature at 170-190℃ for 23-25 hours, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature, add acetone to break the emulsion, centrifuge at 8000 r / min for 10-20 minutes to form a precipitate, wash the precipitate 2-4 times alternately with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, and dry it under vacuum at 25-35℃ for 4-6 hours to obtain the cerium dioxide precursor; A3: The cerium dioxide precursor is calcined in a muffle furnace at 400-500℃ for 1.5-2.5h to convert it into cerium dioxide nanoparticles. The cerium dioxide nanoparticles are then modified to obtain a growth aid.
3. The ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aqueous solution in step A1 is prepared by mixing cerium nitrate solution, sodium hydroxide solution and methanol in a mass ratio of 4-4.5:1:4-5.
4. The ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for preparing the oil phase solution in step A1 is as follows: Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, n-hexanol, and cyclohexane were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.3–1.7, and the mixture was stirred at a temperature of 23–27°C for 25–35 minutes to obtain an oil phase solution.
5. The nutrient solution for ginseng hydroponics as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps for modifying cerium dioxide nanoparticles are as follows: Prepare sodium dodecyl sulfate with a concentration of 0.05–0.07 g / mL, and adjust the pH to 9–11 by adding sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the modifier; The modifier and cerium dioxide nanoparticles were mixed at a mass ratio of 2.5–3.5:24–26 and stirred at 24.5–25.5°C for 3.5–4.5 h to obtain the growth aid.
6. The nutrient solution for ginseng hydroponics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The organic additive is prepared by mixing compound acid, seaweed extract and amino acid compound liquid in a mass ratio of 1:0.4-0.6:0.7-0.
9.
7. The ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preparation method of the composite acid includes the following steps: Tetraethyl orthosilicate and ethanol were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:3.5-4.5, and nitric acid solution was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 3-4. The mixture was stirred in a water bath at 55-65℃ for 1.5-2.5 hours to form a sol. After aging for 23-25 hours, the mixture was centrifuged for 10-20 minutes and washed 2-4 times with anhydrous ethanol. After washing, the mixture was dried under vacuum at 55-65℃ for 4.5-5.5 hours to obtain nano-silicon powder. Nanoparticle silica and fulvic acid solution are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:0.5 to 0.7 and ultrasonically treated for 25 to 35 minutes to obtain composite acid.
8. The ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for preparing the humic acid solution is as follows: The humic acid raw material is soaked in 0.4-0.6 mol / L nitric acid solution and ultrasonically treated for 25-35 min to release active functional groups. Then, it is separated by ultrafiltration membrane to obtain a high-purity fulvic acid solution. The concentration of the high-purity fulvic acid solution is adjusted to 0.02-0.04 g / mL to obtain the fulvic acid solution.
9. The nutrient solution for ginseng hydroponics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The active bacterial group is Bacillus subtilis.
10. A method for preparing a ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Accurately weigh the main element agent into deionized water, stir at 20-25℃ until completely dissolved, add the trace element agent, and continue stirring to obtain a mixed solution; Step 2: Add the compound acid, seaweed extract and amino acid compound solution to the mixed solution obtained in Step 1, disperse using ultrasound to form a nutrient solution, and slowly add the growth aid while stirring until homogeneous. Step 3: After stirring evenly, add the active bacteria, adjust the pH to 5.8-6.2, add auxiliary ingredients, and filter through a 0.4-0.5μm filter membrane to finally obtain the ginseng hydroponic nutrient solution.