Construction method and device for flexible photovoltaic on high and steep slope

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of high steep slope flexible photovoltaic construction method and device, comprising the following steps: S1, setting material hub platform;S2, a plurality of temporary cable racks are set, to connect each temporary cable rack with the conveyer cable, and the conveyer cable passes each material hub platform;S3, material conveying trolley is provided on the conveyer cable, and the material conveying trolley is conveyed to each material hub platform from the top of the conveyer cable, and the material conveying trolley is supported by the way of leg change from the top and over the temporary cable rack;Solve the problem that high steep slope flexible photovoltaic construction material conveying is difficult. The material hub platform and the top conveying conveyer cable are set, which can convey the material for flexible photovoltaic system construction to the position of each flexible photovoltaic unit, greatly reduce the influence of high steep slope and the terrain with deep scouring ditch on flexible photovoltaic system construction, greatly reduce the length of excavation and laying construction road, save cost and construction time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flexible photovoltaic construction technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for flexible photovoltaic construction on steep slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power stations in mountainous areas often have complex terrain, typically situated on steep slopes with inclinations exceeding 45° in many locations. Numerous scour gullies, often exceeding 1 meter in depth and sometimes surpassing 3 meters, further complicate construction. This makes it difficult for cranes and excavators to access the site, significantly increasing construction complexity and the high cost of excavating and laying access roads for each flexible photovoltaic unit. The transportation and management of materials related to flexible photovoltaic systems, including photovoltaic panels, connectors, cable frames, anchors, and concrete, are also challenging. Existing photovoltaic panels are relatively thin and easily damaged under uneven stress and bumpy transport conditions. Due to the complex terrain, manual handling, hoisting, and installation are necessary, increasing the risk of errors in material quantity. CN116404957A describes a flexible photovoltaic support system and its construction method, representing a common approach for flexible photovoltaic systems. However, this method requires the assistance of construction equipment when used in mountainous areas. CN117155222A describes a construction method for a large-span flexible photovoltaic system, which involves using a hoisting cage and a carrying pole to provide an installation platform and transport photovoltaic modules. However, when encountering steep slopes and erosion gullies, it is necessary to move the photovoltaic modules section by section. Without the assistance of large construction equipment, the labor intensity of transportation is high, and the damage rate of photovoltaic modules is high. At one project site, damage due to transportation reached as high as 10%. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for constructing flexible photovoltaic systems on steep slopes. This method and apparatus can conveniently transport materials for flexible photovoltaic systems on steep slopes and terrain with deep scour gullies, significantly reducing the impact of terrain on the flexible photovoltaic system, greatly improving construction efficiency, and significantly reducing construction costs compared to construction schemes that require multiple access roads. Furthermore, it can improve the level of intelligent management and reduce material losses during construction.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a flexible photovoltaic construction method for steep slopes, comprising the following steps: S1. Based on the layout of the construction access road and the design of the flexible photovoltaic system, set up a material hub platform. The initial material hub platform is located near the construction access road, and the remaining material hub platforms are located near each group of flexible photovoltaic systems. S2. Set up multiple temporary cable frames, and connect each temporary cable frame with a conveyor cableway. The conveyor cableway passes through each material hub platform. S3. A material transport trolley is provided on the conveyor cableway. The material transport trolley transports materials from the top of the conveyor cableway to each material hub platform. At the location of the temporary cable frame, the material transport trolley crosses the temporary cable frame from the top by changing the leg support. The above steps solve the problem of difficult material transportation during flexible photovoltaic construction on steep slopes.

[0005] In the preferred embodiment, the material hub platform adopts a truss splicing structure, and independent adjustable legs are set at the bottom of the material hub platform to keep the top of the material hub platform level. Diagonal bracing is provided between the adjustable legs and the material hub platform. Data collection devices are installed near each material hub platform to collect material data. Internet of Things (IoT) base stations are also installed to process and transmit the data collected by the data collection devices.

[0006] In the preferred embodiment, a mobile cantilever crane is provided on the material hub platform to assist in lifting or transferring materials and material conveying trolleys.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment, the temporary cable frame adopts the side support of a flexible photovoltaic system; Priority will be given to transporting and constructing flexible photovoltaic systems that are further away from the construction access road. As the task of transporting the cableway is completed, the temporary cable frame and the cableway will be gradually dismantled. The dismantled temporary cable frames were reused in the subsequent flexible photovoltaic system.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, each cableway has at least two parallel steel cables; Both ends of the cableway are fixedly connected to and tensioned by temporary anchor bolts buried underground; Guy ropes are installed between the two temporary cable frames. One end of the guy rope is connected to the conveyor cableway, and the other end is connected to a temporary anchor buried in the ground to suppress the swaying of the conveyor cableway.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, the bottom of the material conveying trolley is equipped with three sets of independently lifting and driving walking legs. The bottom of the walking legs is equipped with walking wheels, which rest on the conveying cableway and facilitate crossing the temporary cable frame by changing the legs for support. Two sets of walking legs are closer to one end of the vehicle body, and one set of walking legs is closer to the other end of the vehicle body; The traveling wheels are provided with "V"-shaped grooves, and the conveyor cable is located within the "V"-shaped grooves; The top of the vehicle body is equipped with multiple lifting lugs.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the material conveying trolley is structured such that each wheel is directly connected to the drive motor. The walking leg located on one side is hinged to the walking seat at the bottom of the vehicle body, and one end of the walking lifting push rod is hinged to the bottom of the vehicle body, while the other end is hinged to the middle of the walking leg. The traveling leg and traveling lifting push rod located on the other side are hinged to the traveling slide. A slide groove is provided at the bottom of the vehicle body, and the traveling slide is slidably installed in the slide groove. A width adaptive push rod is provided on one side of the slide groove. The width adaptive push rod is connected to the traveling slide to drive the traveling wheel to move laterally along the vehicle body to adapt to the width changes between the steel cables of the conveyor cableway.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a counterweight structure that can be raised, lowered, and swayed laterally and longitudinally is also provided at the bottom of the vehicle body; The counterweight is connected to the longitudinal swing shaft via a horizontal swing shaft, and the longitudinal swing shaft is connected to the liftable frame structure. The frame structure is lifted and lowered by the counterweight lifting push rod.

[0012] An apparatus for the above-mentioned high and steep slope flexible photovoltaic construction method includes a material conveying trolley placed on two steel cables of a conveying cableway. The material conveying trolley has the following structure: the bottom of the walking legs is provided with walking wheels, and each walking wheel is directly connected to a walking drive motor. The walking leg located on one side is hinged to the walking seat at the bottom of the vehicle body, and one end of the walking lifting push rod is hinged to the bottom of the vehicle body, while the other end is hinged to the middle of the walking leg. The traveling leg and traveling lifting push rod located on the other side are hinged to the traveling slide. A slide groove is provided at the bottom of the vehicle body, and the traveling slide is slidably installed in the slide groove. A width adaptive push rod is provided on one side of the slide groove. The width adaptive push rod is connected to the traveling slide to drive the traveling wheel to move laterally along the vehicle body to adapt to the width changes between the steel cables of the conveyor cableway.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, there are three sets of walking legs, each of which can be raised, lowered, and driven independently. The walking wheels rest on the conveyor cableway and can easily cross the temporary cable frame by changing the leg support. Two sets of walking legs are closer to one end of the vehicle body, and one set of walking legs is closer to the other end of the vehicle body; The traveling wheels are provided with "V"-shaped grooves, and the conveyor cable is located within the "V"-shaped grooves; The bottom of the vehicle body is also equipped with a counterweight structure that can be raised, lowered, and swayed laterally and longitudinally; The counterweight is connected to the longitudinal swing axis via a transverse swing axis, and the longitudinal swing axis is connected to the liftable frame structure. The frame structure is lifted by the counterweight lifting push rod so that the counterweight can pass over the temporary cable frame. The top of the vehicle body is equipped with multiple lifting lugs.

[0014] This invention provides a method and apparatus for constructing flexible photovoltaic systems on steep slopes. The material hub platform and top-mounted conveyor cableway enable the transport of materials for flexible photovoltaic system construction to the locations of individual flexible photovoltaic units, significantly reducing the impact of steep slopes and deep scour gullies on the construction of flexible photovoltaic systems. It also significantly reduces the length of excavation and construction access roads, saving costs and construction time. The use of a top-mounted obstacle-crossing material transport trolley saves labor costs and construction risks associated with transferring materials at each cableway location, and significantly reduces material loss. Furthermore, the materials used for the cableway can ultimately be transferred to the flexible photovoltaic units, further saving material costs. The material transport trolley of this invention, with its independently lifting and driving legs, can easily cross obstacles on temporary cableways by changing leg supports, and can also adaptively adjust its height to keep the trolley body roughly horizontal. The combination of a chute, a traveling slide, and a width-adaptive push rod allows for adaptive adjustment of the distance between the traveling wheels on both sides of the trolley to accommodate changes in the distance between the conveyor cableways caused by the terrain. The adjustable and lateral / longitudinal swing counterweight structure serves three purposes: first, it lowers the center of gravity of the entire material transport trolley and the materials on it; second, it facilitates crossing obstacles formed by temporary cable frames; and third, the lateral and longitudinal swing of the counterweight overcomes the impact of sudden crosswinds and longitudinal winds generated in mountainous areas on the material transport trolley. The installed data acquisition device and IoT base station enable data-driven management of on-site materials, significantly reducing material loss. This construction method was applied at a project site in a mountainous area, and compared to the control group, efficiency was increased by more than 30%, material loss was reduced by approximately 80%, and construction costs were reduced by approximately 28%. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a top-down view of some of the sites of this invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic elevation view of the cableway of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the material conveying trolley of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the material conveying trolley of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the counterweight structure of the material conveying trolley of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a topographic map of the high and steep slope construction site for the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. IoT base station; 2. Material hub platform; 3. Temporary cable frame; 4. Conveying cableway; 5. Construction access road; 6. Data acquisition device; 7. Material platform; 8. Pile foundation; 9. Material conveying trolley; 901. Car body; 902. Lifting lug; 903. Traveling lifting push rod; 904. Traveling leg; 905. Traveling wheel; 906. Traveling drive motor; 907. Second counterweight; 908. Second transverse swing shaft; 909. Traveling seat; 910. Slide; 911. Width adaptive push rod; 912. Counterweight lifting push rod; 913. Counterweight lifting rod; 914. Synchronization rod; 915. Swing rod; 916. Counterweight seat; 917. First counterweight; 918. First transverse swing shaft; 919. Longitudinal swing shaft; 920. Camera; 921. Flexible photovoltaic system; 10. Side frame; 11. Contour line; 12. Temporary anchor; 13. Guy rope; 14. Material. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Example 1: like Figure 1 , 2 A flexible photovoltaic construction method for steep slopes includes the following steps: S1. According to the layout of the construction access road 5 and the design of the flexible photovoltaic system 10, a material hub platform 2 is set up. The initial material hub platform 2 is located near the construction access road 5, and the remaining material hub platforms 2 are located near each group of flexible photovoltaic systems 10. The material hub platform 2 is mainly used to place the components for installing the flexible photovoltaic system 10, and the concrete and other materials used for pouring. After being mixed, the materials are transported and used as needed.

[0023] S2, such as Figure 1 As shown, multiple temporary cable frames 3 are set up, connected by a conveyor cableway 4. The conveyor cableway 4 passes through various material hub platforms 2. The temporary cable frames 3 adopt a steel gantry structure. The bottom of the temporary cable frames 3 is driven into the soil and rock. Temporary anchor bolts 13 are installed at both ends of the conveyor cableway 4 to fix it and tension it. The conveyor cableway 4 passes through the material hub platforms 2 of multiple flexible photovoltaic systems 10. The conveyor cableway 4 does not have a turning structure and is roughly straight. For areas involving multiple flexible photovoltaic systems 10, multiple conveyor cableways 4 can be set up, thereby covering more than 70% of the area of ​​the photovoltaic power station in mountainous areas. At other locations where turning is required, a light crane, such as a mobile mast crane with a lifting capacity of 5 tons, is set up at the material hub platform 2 at the turning node to transfer materials 15, i.e., from one temporary cable frame 3 to another turning temporary cable frame 3. This structure basically covers more than 90% of the photovoltaic power station area. Other discrete areas are installed in a traditional way.

[0024] Preferred solutions include Figure 2In this example, the material hub platform 2 adopts a truss splicing structure. Independent adjustable legs are installed at the bottom of the material hub platform 2 to keep the top of the platform level. Diagonal bracing is provided between the adjustable legs and the material hub platform 2. The adjustable legs in this example are truss-type adjustable legs, including multi-segment truss columns of different lengths. It also includes at least one segment of adjustable truss column. This structure allows for adjustment of the levelness of the material hub platform 2 according to the different lengths of the scour trench. The adjustable truss column refers to two interlocking truss sleeves, with an electric actuator or screw jack installed between the sleeves. In this example, the electric actuator is a 5-ton electric actuator purchased from Guangdong Lianhua Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd.

[0025] Near each material hub platform 2, a data acquisition device 6 is installed. This device includes a handheld laser scanner and a mobile phone. The mobile phone app scans the code of material 15. Upon outbound shipment, the current code is bound to the outbound material package. A single scan reveals the location of all materials in the package at the current material hub platform 2. During installation, a second scan of the unpacked materials reveals the package's opening, the specific installation location of the corresponding materials, and the installation time. This enables precise material management. The materials here primarily refer to photovoltaic modules and large steel structures; smaller components, such as screws, are not limited to reduce on-site workload. An IoT base station 1 is also installed. The IoT base station 1 processes and transmits data collected by the acquisition device 6. The IoT base station 1 is purchased from Renwei Electronics' RW series Bluetooth positioning base station, featuring long-range WiFi signal coverage, mini-program interaction, and 4G full network compatibility.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, a mobile cantilever crane, such as a mobile mast crane, is provided on the material hub platform 2 to assist in lifting or transferring materials 15 and material transport trolleys 9. This structure is primarily used on the material hub platform 2 where materials 15 need to be transferred via two turning conveyor cables 4. In this example, the number of turning conveyor cables 4 does not exceed 20% of the total site construction volume.

[0027] In the preferred embodiment, the temporary cable frame 3 adopts the side support of the flexible photovoltaic system 10; thus, after dismantling, the temporary cable frame 3 can be reused in the subsequent construction of the flexible photovoltaic system 10, thereby reducing construction costs. The conveyor cableway 4 is usually not reused due to wear caused by the traveling wheels 905 of the material conveying trolley 9.

[0028] Prioritize the transport and construction of flexible photovoltaic systems 10 located further from the construction access road 5. As the task of the transport cableway 4 is completed, the temporary cable frame 3 and the transport cableway 4 are gradually dismantled. This structure allows the flexible photovoltaic systems 10 located further from the construction access road 5 to be built first, meaning the corresponding transport cableway 4 can be dismantled first and used in the subsequent construction of the flexible photovoltaic systems 10. This also allows the dismantled temporary cable frame 3 to be reused in the later-constructed flexible photovoltaic systems 10.

[0029] Preferred solutions include Figure 1 In this system, each of the four conveyor cables has at least two parallel steel cables. Both ends of the conveyor cableway 4 are fixedly connected to and tensioned by temporary anchor bolts 13 buried underground; the sag of the tensioned conveyor cableway 4 is no more than 5°, where sag refers to the angle between the tangent at the measurement position and the horizontal line. The design load-bearing capacity of the conveyor cableway 4 is 3 tons, and the safety factor is 1.6.

[0030] A guy rope 14 is installed between the two temporary cable frames 3. One end of the guy rope 14 is connected to the conveyor cableway 4, and the other end is connected to a temporary anchor bolt buried in the ground to suppress the swaying of the conveyor cableway 4. Preferably, the guy rope 14 is connected to the temporary cable frame 3 by a "U" shaped clamp. The wall thickness of the "U" shaped clamp does not exceed 3mm to avoid affecting the traveling wheel 905.

[0031] S3, such as Figure 2 , 3 In this invention, a material transport trolley 9 is installed on the conveyor cableway 4. The material transport trolley 9 transports material 15 from the top of the conveyor cableway 4 to various material hub platforms 2. At the temporary cable frame 3, the material transport trolley 9 crosses the temporary cable frame 3 from the top using a leg-changing support method. With this structure, the invention can transport material 15 from beginning to end along a conveyor cableway 4 without needing to transfer it at the temporary cable frame 3. The biggest advantage of this structure is in transporting poured concrete. Traditionally, a loader is used to load a bucket of concrete and then move it to the corresponding site for pouring. However, due to terrain limitations, much of the poured concrete either begins to harden or spills excessively after being transported to the site, resulting in significant waste. In this invention, however, with a 0.5M... 3 The tank can carry about 1.3 tons of concrete at a time to the site for pouring. The material is quickly transported to the pouring site by the material transport trolley 9 via the transport cableway 4 to ensure the quality of concrete pouring.

[0032] Preferred solutions include Figure 2 , 3 In the middle, the bottom of the body 901 of the material conveying trolley 9 is equipped with three sets of independent lifting and driving walking legs 904. The bottom of the walking legs 904 is equipped with walking wheels 905. The walking wheels 905 rest on the conveying cableway 4 and can easily cross the temporary cable frame 3 by changing the leg support. Two sets of walking legs 904 are close to one end of the vehicle body 901, and one set of walking legs 904 is close to the other end of the vehicle body 901; The traveling wheel 905 is provided with a "V"-shaped groove, and the conveyor cable 4 is located in the "V"-shaped groove; The top of the vehicle body 901 is equipped with multiple lifting lugs 902. The lifting lugs 902 are used to lift the entire material conveying trolley 9; the lifting lugs 902 are also used to fix the material 15.

[0033] The movement steps of the material conveying trolley 9 are as follows: S01. A gyroscope is installed on the vehicle body 901 to detect the attitude of the vehicle body 901. The raising and lowering of the walking legs 904, i.e., the raising and lowering of the walking wheels 905, is controlled by independently adjusting each walking lifting push rod 903, so that the upper surface of the vehicle body 901 remains horizontal. In this example, the horizontal tilt angle of the vehicle body 901 is controlled to not exceed 5°. The horizontal tilt angle refers to the angle between the upper surface of the vehicle body 901 and the horizontal plane.

[0034] S02. Control the travel drive motor 906 corresponding to each traveling wheel 905. The travel drive motor 906 adopts a servo motor and reducer integrated structure, with a speed of 20~360 rpm. The main control system controls the synchronous movement of each traveling wheel 905 based on the feedback of the turning angle. Preferably, a speed following mode is adopted. In this example, a front-drive structure is used, that is, one of the travel drive motors 906 in the front group is used as the main drive, and the other one in the front group is used as the slave drive, following the travel drive motor 906 used as the main drive. The other travel drive motors 906 then follow the intermediate value of the speed of the travel drive motors 906 in the front group. This structure avoids skew caused by system delay.

[0035] If the difference between the speed of any one of the travel drive motors 906 and the speed of the other travel drive motors 906 exceeds a preset value, it indicates that the travel wheel 905 is slipping, i.e., a stop alarm is triggered, and the operator is required to handle the situation.

[0036] The specific steps for crossing temporary cableway 3 are as follows: S11. A camera 921 is installed on the vehicle body 901. When the vehicle body 901 is detected to be approaching the temporary cable frame 3, it will start to decelerate in preparation for the crossing operation. S12. The middle walking leg 904 extends out, and the walking wheel 905 of the walking leg 904 rests on the conveyor cableway 4. After reliable support, the walking leg 904 that needs to cross the span retracts to reach the span height. The aforementioned overspan height refers to the state where the traveling wheel 905 can land on the temporary cable frame 3 to provide certain support, but the conveyor cableway 4 is not fully inserted into the "V" shaped groove of the traveling wheel 905. At this time, the conveyor cableway 4 can provide certain travel guidance for the traveling wheel 905 to avoid deviation. S13, the vehicle body 901 moves forward until the front traveling wheel 905 crosses the temporary cable frame 3, and the traveling leg 904 extends to prevent the conveyor cableway 4 from falling into the "V" shaped groove of the traveling wheel 905. S14, the middle walking leg 904 retracts and crosses the hip; S15. When the rear walking leg 904 crosses the span, the walking leg 904 retracts to reach the span height. At this time, the four parts of the conveyor cableway fall into the "V" groove of the walking wheel 905 of the rear walking leg 904 and cross the span directly. At this time, the first two sets of walking wheels 905 provide the traction force for walking. S16. After the entire stride is completed, the middle walking leg 904 retracts and no longer provides support. Further preferred options include Figure 4 In the process, the material conveying trolley 9 has the following structure: each walking wheel 905 is directly connected to the walking drive motor 906; The walking leg 904 located on one side is hinged to the walking seat 909 at the bottom of the vehicle body 901. One end of the walking lifting push rod 903 is hinged to the bottom of the vehicle body, and the other end is hinged to the middle of the walking leg 904. On the other side, the walking leg 904 and the walking lifting push rod 903 are hinged to the walking slide 911. A groove 910 is provided at the bottom of the vehicle body 901, and the walking slide 911 is slidably installed in the groove 910. A width adaptive push rod 912 is provided on one side of the groove 910. The width adaptive push rod 912 is connected to the walking slide 911. The extension and retraction of the width adaptive push rod 912 drives the walking wheel 905 to move laterally along the vehicle body 901 to adapt to the width changes between the steel cables of the conveyor cableway 4. Due to the influence of turns and changes in terrain height, the spacing between the two parallel conveyor cableways 4 may change accordingly, and the spacing may be different within the vehicle body 901. Therefore, based on the detection results of the camera 921, the spacing between the laterally corresponding walking wheels 905 is dynamically adjusted to ensure safety and significantly reduce the wear of the walking wheels 905 and the conveyor cableway 4.

[0037] In mountainous areas, winds with unpredictable direction often occur, affecting the safe transport of materials by the material conveying trolley 9. To solve this problem, in the preferred solution, a counterweight structure that can be raised, lowered, and swayed laterally and longitudinally is also provided at the bottom of the trolley body 901. The counterweight is connected to the longitudinal swing axis 920 via a transverse swing axis. The longitudinal swing axis 920 is connected to a liftable frame structure, which is driven to rise and fall by the counterweight lifting push rod 913. With this structure, when crosswinds occur, the counterweight's swing around the transverse swing axis can suppress the effects of crosswinds; when longitudinal winds occur, the counterweight's swing around the longitudinal swing axis can suppress the effects of longitudinal winds. The counterweight can also swing around both the transverse and longitudinal swing axes simultaneously to cope with more complex wind directions.

[0038] The above steps solve the problem of difficult material transportation during flexible photovoltaic construction on steep slopes.

[0039] Example 2: It should be recognized that the material conveying trolley 9 of the present invention is a product that can be sold separately. It provides good auxiliary construction effects in the present invention. For example... Figures 3-5 In the above-mentioned flexible photovoltaic construction method for steep slopes, an apparatus includes a material conveying trolley 9 placed on two steel cables of a conveying cableway 4. The material conveying trolley 9 has the following structure: the bottom of the walking legs 904 is provided with walking wheels 905, and the walking wheels 905 are provided with "V"-shaped grooves. The conveying cableway 4 is located in the "V"-shaped grooves; each walking wheel 905 is directly connected to a walking drive motor 906. The walking leg 904 located on one side is hinged to the walking seat 909 at the bottom of the vehicle body 901. One end of the walking lifting push rod 903 is hinged to the bottom of the vehicle body, and the other end is hinged to the middle of the walking leg 904. The walking lifting push rod 903 adopts a commercially available electric push rod with a thrust of 3t, and there are many models to choose from.

[0040] In this example, the walking leg 904 adopts an "H"-shaped structure, which is simple and easy to install and process. Another advantage is that this structure has relatively large clearance, allowing the walking wheel 905 to better adapt to changes in the height and spacing of the conveyor cableway 4. Preferably, the hinge pin of the walking leg 904 is equipped with a spherical bearing, which adapts to changes in the height and spacing of the conveyor cableway 4 through constrained angular changes totaling less than 3°.

[0041] The traveling leg 904 and the traveling lifting push rod 903, located on the other side, are hinged to the traveling slide 911. A groove 910 is provided at the bottom of the vehicle body 901, and the traveling slide 911 is slidably installed in the groove 910. A width adaptive push rod 912 is provided on one side of the groove 910, and the width adaptive push rod 912 is connected to the traveling slide 911 to drive the traveling wheel 905 to move laterally along the vehicle body 901, adapting to the width changes between the steel cables of the conveyor cableway 4. Preferably, a constraint structure guiding the sliding direction is provided between the traveling slide 911 and the groove 910 to serve as a guide and prevent the traveling slide 911 from falling off the groove 910 during operation. The constraint structure includes a dovetail groove or a guide rod, as well as other similar structures.

[0042] Preferred solutions include Figure 4 , 5 In the middle, the walking legs 904 are in three groups, each walking leg 904 can be raised and lowered independently and driven independently, the walking wheels 905 rest on the conveyor cableway 4, and can easily cross the temporary cable frame 3 by changing the leg support; Two sets of walking legs 904 are located near one end of the vehicle body 901, and one set of walking legs 904 is located near the other end of the vehicle body 901; optionally, three sets of walking legs 904 are evenly distributed along the length direction. In this example, the walking legs 904 at both ends face different directions.

[0043] In mountainous areas, wind direction and speed vary significantly, which may cause the material conveying trolley 9 to sway or vibrate during transportation, posing a construction safety risk. The preferred solution is as follows: Figure 4 , 5 In the middle, a counterweight structure that can be raised and lowered and can swing laterally and longitudinally is also provided at the bottom of the vehicle body 901; The counterweight is connected to the longitudinal swing shaft 920 via a transverse swing shaft. The longitudinal swing shaft 920 is connected to the liftable frame structure. The frame structure is driven to lift by the counterweight lifting push rod 913 so that the counterweight can pass over the temporary cable frame 3. Specific examples Figure 4 , 5 In this structure, one end of each of the four swing arms 916 is hinged to a counterweight seat 917 at the bottom of the vehicle body 901, and the other end of every two swing arms 916 is hinged to a synchronizing rod 915. The swing arms 916, the synchronizing rod 915, and the vehicle body 901 form a parallelogram mechanism. The two synchronizing rods 915 are connected by a longitudinal swing shaft 920. The longitudinal swing shaft 920 is connected to a first transverse swing shaft 919 and a second transverse swing shaft 908 via bearings, so that the first transverse swing shaft 919 and the second transverse swing shaft 908 can swing around the longitudinal swing shaft 920. The first counterweight 918 is connected to the first transverse swing shaft 919 via a bearing, so that the first counterweight 918 can swing around the first transverse swing shaft 919. The second counterweight 907 is connected to the second transverse swing shaft 908 via a bearing, so that the second counterweight 907 can swing around the second transverse swing shaft 908. Between the two horizontally corresponding swing rods 916, there is a counterweight lifting rod 914. The counterweight lifting rod 914 is connected to one end of the counterweight lifting push rod 913, and the other end of the counterweight lifting push rod 913 is hinged to the bottom of the vehicle body 901.

[0044] When the material conveying trolley 9 moves, the entire first counterweight 918 and second counterweight 907 are lowered, reducing the center of gravity of the entire trolley 9. When encountering crosswinds, the trolley body sways laterally, but the first counterweight 918 and second counterweight 907 remain stationary under the bearings; that is, the first counterweight 918 and second counterweight 907 sway relative to the trolley body, thus suppressing the lateral sway of the entire trolley body. Conversely, when encountering longitudinal winds, the trolley body sways longitudinally, but the first counterweight 918 and second counterweight 907 remain stationary under the bearings; that is, the first counterweight 918 and second counterweight 907 sway relative to the trolley body along the longitudinal swing axis 920, thus suppressing the longitudinal sway of the entire trolley body. By lowering the center of gravity and suppressing sway, the safety of the material conveying trolley 9 is improved. When the entire vehicle body 901 crosses the span, the counterweight lifting push rod 913 retracts, and the swing rod 916 and the synchronizing rod 915 drive the first counterweight 918 and the second counterweight 907 to press against the bottom of the vehicle body 901, thus realizing the crossing operation.

[0045] The top of the vehicle body 901 is equipped with multiple lifting lugs 902.

[0046] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be arbitrarily combined without conflict. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible photovoltaic construction method for steep slopes, characterized by: Includes the following steps: S1. Based on the layout of the construction access road (5) and the design of the flexible photovoltaic system (10), a material hub platform (2) is set up. The initial material hub platform (2) is located near the construction access road (5), and the remaining material hub platforms (2) are located near each group of flexible photovoltaic systems (10). S2. Set up multiple temporary cable frames (3) and connect each temporary cable frame (3) with a conveyor cableway (4). The conveyor cableway (4) passes through each material hub platform (2). S3. A material conveying trolley (9) is provided on the conveying cableway (4). The material conveying trolley (9) transports the material (15) from the top of the conveying cableway (4) to each material hub platform (2). At the position of the temporary cable frame (3), the material conveying trolley (9) crosses the temporary cable frame (3) from the top by changing the leg support. The above steps solve the problem of difficult material transportation during flexible photovoltaic construction on steep slopes.

2. The method for constructing flexible photovoltaic systems on steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material hub platform (2) adopts a truss splicing structure. Independent adjustable legs are set at the bottom of the material hub platform (2) to keep the top of the material hub platform (2) horizontal. Diagonal bracing is provided between the adjustable legs and the material hub platform (2). A data acquisition device (6) is installed near each material hub platform (2) to collect data of the material (15). An Internet of Things (IoT) base station (1) is also installed to process and transmit data collected by the data acquisition device (6).

3. The method for constructing flexible photovoltaic systems on steep slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that: in The material hub platform (2) is equipped with a mobile cantilever crane for assisting in lifting or transferring materials (15) and material conveying trolleys (9).

4. The method for constructing flexible photovoltaic systems on steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temporary cable frame (3) adopts the side support of the flexible photovoltaic system (10); Prioritize the transport and construction of flexible photovoltaic systems (10) that are further away from the construction access road (5). As the task of the transport cableway (4) is completed, the temporary cable frame (3) and the transport cableway (4) will be gradually dismantled. The dismantled temporary cable frame (3) was reused in the later-constructed flexible photovoltaic system (10).

5. The method for constructing flexible photovoltaic systems on steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each cableway (4) shall have at least two parallel steel cables; The two ends of the conveyor cableway (4) are fixedly connected to and tensioned by temporary anchors (13) buried underground; A guy rope (14) is provided between the two temporary cable frames (3). One end of the guy rope (14) is connected to the conveyor cableway (4), and the other end is connected to the temporary anchor rod buried in the ground to suppress the swaying of the conveyor cableway (4).

6. A flexible photovoltaic construction method for steep slopes according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the body (901) of the material conveying trolley (9) is provided with three sets of walking legs (904) that can be lifted and driven independently. The bottom of the walking legs (904) is provided with walking wheels (905). The walking wheels (905) rest on the conveying cableway (4) and can easily cross the temporary cable frame (3) by changing the legs. Two sets of walking legs (904) are close to one end of the vehicle body (901), and one set of walking legs (904) is close to the other end of the vehicle body (901); The traveling wheel (905) is provided with a "V" shaped groove, and the conveyor cable (4) is located in the "V" shaped groove; The top of the vehicle body (901) is equipped with multiple lifting lugs (902).

7. The method for constructing flexible photovoltaic systems on steep slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material conveying trolley (9) has the following structure: each walking wheel (905) is directly connected to the walking drive motor (906); The walking leg (904) located on one side is hinged to the walking seat (909) at the bottom of the vehicle body (901). One end of the walking lifting push rod (903) is hinged to the bottom of the vehicle body, and the other end is hinged to the middle of the walking leg (904). The walking leg (904) and the walking lifting push rod (903) located on the other side are hinged to the walking slide (911). A slide groove (910) is provided at the bottom of the vehicle body (901). The walking slide (911) is slidably installed in the slide groove (910). A width adaptive push rod (912) is provided on one side of the slide groove (910). The width adaptive push rod (912) is connected to the walking slide (911) to drive the walking wheel (905) to move laterally along the vehicle body (901) to adapt to the width changes between the steel cables of the conveyor cableway (4).

8. The method for constructing flexible photovoltaic systems on steep slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the vehicle body (901) is also equipped with a counterweight structure that can be raised, lowered, and swung laterally and longitudinally; The counterweight is connected to the longitudinal swing shaft (920) via a transverse swing shaft. The longitudinal swing shaft (920) is connected to a liftable frame structure, which is driven to lift by the counterweight lifting push rod (913).

9. An apparatus for the high-slope flexible photovoltaic construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Includes a material conveying trolley (9) for placement on two steel cables of a conveying cableway (4). The material conveying trolley (9) has the following structure: the bottom of the walking leg (904) is provided with a walking wheel (905), and each walking wheel (905) is directly connected to the walking drive motor (906); The walking leg (904) located on one side is hinged to the walking seat (909) at the bottom of the vehicle body (901). One end of the walking lifting push rod (903) is hinged to the bottom of the vehicle body, and the other end is hinged to the middle of the walking leg (904). The walking leg (904) and the walking lifting push rod (903) located on the other side are hinged to the walking slide (911). A slide groove (910) is provided at the bottom of the vehicle body (901). The walking slide (911) is slidably installed in the slide groove (910). A width adaptive push rod (912) is provided on one side of the slide groove (910). The width adaptive push rod (912) is connected to the walking slide (911) to drive the walking wheel (905) to move laterally along the vehicle body (901) to adapt to the width changes between the steel cables of the conveyor cableway (4).

10. The apparatus for a flexible photovoltaic construction method on steep slopes according to claim 9, characterized in that: The walking legs (904) are in three groups. Each walking leg (904) can be raised and lowered independently and driven independently. The walking wheels (905) rest on the conveyor cableway (4) and can easily cross the temporary cable frame (3) by changing the leg support. Two sets of walking legs (904) are close to one end of the vehicle body (901), and one set of walking legs (904) is close to the other end of the vehicle body (901); The traveling wheel (905) is provided with a "V" shaped groove, and the conveyor cable (4) is located in the "V" shaped groove; The bottom of the vehicle body (901) is also equipped with a counterweight structure that can be raised, lowered, and swung laterally and longitudinally; The counterweight is connected to the longitudinal swing shaft (920) via a transverse swing shaft. The longitudinal swing shaft (920) is connected to a liftable frame structure. The frame structure is driven to lift by the counterweight lifting push rod (913) so that the counterweight can pass over the temporary cable frame (3). The top of the vehicle body (901) is equipped with multiple lifting lugs (902).

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