Casement fire rescue window with thermal trigger and mechanical dual mode unlocking and working method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a heat-triggered and mechanically dual-mode unlocked flat-opening fire rescue window and a working method thereof. The flat-opening window is a double-leaf flat-opening window whose window hole size meets the requirement of fire rescue regulations after the vertical mullion is removed. The window has the function of removing the vertical mullion manually and quickly in an emergency and forms a rescue channel meeting the fire rescue regulations instantaneously on the basis of keeping the original performance of the flat-opening window. The upper and lower ends of the mullion are detachably connected with the fixed frame through independent locking members, at least one of which adopts a lever locking mechanism. A heat-sensitive actuating mechanism is configured to automatically act in response to the ambient temperature rising to a set threshold and is connected with the lever locking mechanism to release the locking of the lever locking mechanism. A mechanical operating mechanism is configured to accept external manual operation and drive the lever locking mechanism to release the locking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building door and window technology, specifically relating to a casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Fire rescue windows are crucial access points for firefighters to enter buildings from the outside to conduct firefighting and rescue operations during a fire. According to the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" GB50016, the clear dimensions of a fire rescue window should not be less than 1.0m × 1.0m, and the bottom edge of the window should not be more than 1.2m from the indoor floor. These dimensions ensure that firefighters wearing rescue equipment can pass through smoothly.

[0003] In practical engineering applications, casement windows, as a common type of building window, are generally limited to the fixed sash when used as fire rescue windows. Integrating them into the operable sash presents significant challenges. Due to structural limitations, the width of a single operable sash in a conventional casement window is typically less than 1.0m. Integrating a fire rescue window into the fixed sash, requiring the glass to be broken to create a rescue passage, presents several problems: First, with limited window opening width (e.g., 1.6m or less), the net width of the fixed sash after deducting the window frame is unlikely to reach 1.0m; second, the remaining operable sash width is too small to meet room ventilation requirements; and third, this separation severely impacts the aesthetics and transparency of the building facade. In buildings with numerous constraints limiting window opening size, especially in urban renewal projects, conventional casement window structures are insufficient to meet the requirements for fire rescue windows.

[0004] Currently, there are mullionless casement window solutions on the market. These products are designed to allow both windows to open simultaneously, forming a complete passageway, by eliminating the mullion. However, this solution has significant drawbacks: high manufacturing costs, extremely high requirements for the load-bearing capacity of the hardware, strict requirements for installation precision, and reduced airtightness and watertightness compared to traditional casement windows, resulting in higher maintenance costs in the later stages.

[0005] Therefore, while keeping the cost of conventional casement windows basically unchanged or slightly increased, it is necessary to design and develop a casement fire rescue window that can be widely used in conventional sizes. This window should meet the size requirements of fire rescue windows in the regulations, without affecting daily ventilation functions and building aesthetics. This has important engineering application value and practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a casement fire rescue window with reasonable structural design and simple operation, featuring both thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking, and its working method. For double-leaf casement windows with window opening dimensions that meet fire safety regulations after the vertical mullion is removed, this invention enables the rapid manual removal of the vertical mullion in emergency situations while maintaining the original performance of the casement window, instantly forming a rescue passage that meets fire safety regulations.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a casement fire rescue window with dual-mode unlocking via thermal triggering and mechanical means, comprising a fixed frame, an opening sash, and a mullion, characterized in that: the upper and lower ends of the mullion are detachably connected to the fixed frame via independent locking components, wherein at least one locking component employs a lever-type locking mechanism; it also includes a thermally sensitive actuating mechanism and a mechanical operating mechanism; the thermally sensitive actuating mechanism is configured to automatically actuate in response to an increase in ambient temperature to a set threshold, and connects to the lever-type locking mechanism to release the locking of the lever-type locking mechanism; the mechanical operating mechanism is configured to accept external manual operation to drive the lever-type locking mechanism to release the locking.

[0008] In the locking components at the upper and lower ends of the mullion described in this invention, one is a lever-type locking mechanism and the other is a movable limiting device; or, both the locking components at the upper and lower ends of the mullion adopt lever-type locking mechanisms.

[0009] The lever-type locking mechanism of this invention includes a driving rod, a vertical rod, a driven rod, a locking rod, and a locking seat; the locking seat is fixed to a fixed frame; both the driving rod and the driven rod are rotatably mounted on the central mullion; the input end of the driven rod is connected to the output end of the driving rod through the vertical rod; the locking rod is connected to the output end of the driven rod, and the driven rod and the locking rod form a force-increasing linkage structure. This structure has a dead point position, which achieves mechanical self-locking when in the dead point position. The locking rod and the locking seat are engaged in a disengaging manner. When the locking rod and the locking seat are engaged, they lock the central mullion and the fixed frame, preventing the central mullion from being removed from the fixed frame. When the locking rod and the locking seat are separated, they release the locking of the central mullion and the fixed frame, allowing the central mullion to be removed from the fixed frame.

[0010] The present invention has an input end mounting hole for the vertical rod and an output end mounting hole for the vertical rod. The output end of the driving rod passes through the input end mounting hole of the vertical rod, and the output end of the driving rod is clearance-fitted with the input end mounting hole of the vertical rod. The input end of the driven rod passes through the output end mounting hole of the vertical rod, and the input end of the driven rod is clearance-fitted with the output end mounting hole of the vertical rod.

[0011] The output end of the active rod of the present invention is provided with an active rod elastic fin and an active rod limiting point that cooperates therewith. The input end of the driven rod is provided with a driven rod first elastic fin and a driven rod first limiting point that cooperates therewith. After the output end of the active rod passes through the mounting hole of the vertical rod input end, the input end of the vertical rod is located between the active rod elastic fin and the active rod limiting point. The active rod elastic fin and the active rod limiting point axially float and limit the vertical rod input end, and the active rod elastic fin and the active rod limiting point form a [missing information]. A movable gap allows the driving rod to slide axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the vertical rod. When the input end of the driven rod is inserted into the mounting hole of the output end of the vertical rod, the output end of the vertical rod is located between the first elastic fin of the driven rod and the first limiting point of the driven rod. The first elastic fin of the driven rod and the first limiting point of the driven rod provide axial floating limit to the output end of the vertical rod, and the first elastic fin of the driven rod and the first limiting point of the driven rod form a movable gap, allowing the driven rod to slide axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the vertical rod.

[0012] The driven rod of the present invention includes a driven rod input arm, a driven rod thrust arm, and a driven rod output arm; the driven rod thrust arm and the driven rod output arm are fixedly connected, and the driven rod input arm and the driven rod thrust arm are fixedly connected; the input end of the driven rod is located at the end of the driven rod input arm away from the driven rod thrust arm, and the output end of the driven rod is located at the end of the driven rod output arm away from the driven rod thrust arm.

[0013] The present invention provides a second elastic fin of the driven rod and a second limiting point of the driven rod that cooperates with it at the end of the driven rod input arm near the driven rod thrust arm; a driven rod thrust arm mounting hole is provided at the end of the driven rod thrust arm; the end of the driven rod input arm is inserted into the driven rod thrust arm mounting hole, and the second elastic fin of the driven rod and the second limiting point of the driven rod form a fit, thereby fixing the end of the driven rod thrust arm in the middle.

[0014] The active rod elastic fin and the first elastic fin of the present invention are both provided with guide slopes; the vertical rod input end mounting hole and the vertical rod output end mounting hole are both provided with guide arc surfaces. The guide arc surfaces are configured to interact with the guide slopes of the corresponding elastic fins during assembly, forcing the corresponding elastic fins to deform until they pass through the mounting holes and spring back to their original positions.

[0015] The driven rod second elastic fin of the present invention is provided with a guide slope; the driven rod thrust arm mounting hole is provided with a guide arc surface, which is configured to interact with the guide slope of the driven rod second elastic fin during assembly, forcing the second elastic fin to deform until it passes through the driven rod thrust arm mounting hole and springs back to its original position.

[0016] The invention also includes a resistance spring, one end of which acts on the driven rod and the other end is fixed to the mullion.

[0017] The thermal actuation mechanism described in this invention is a shape memory alloy actuator or a thermal expansion element.

[0018] The mechanical operating mechanism of the present invention is a traction component for operation, which is movably connected to the input end of the drive rod.

[0019] The operating end of the traction component of the present invention is located on the outside of the mullion. The operating end is covered with an anti-misoperation device, which is configured as a cover system that can only be accessed by opening the cover. The cover system includes: a base fixed to the mullion, a cover slidably connected to the base, a flexible toothed belt disposed on the inner top surface of the cover facing the base, and a sound-generating component mounted on the base. The top surface of the base has an opening for the flexible toothed belt to pass through. The sound-generating component includes an elastic paddle and a sound radiation plate. When the cover is pulled, the flexible toothed belt moves relative to the elastic paddle and causes the elastic paddle to vibrate. The vibration is amplified by the sound radiation plate and radiates sound.

[0020] The elastic paddle of the present invention is fixed at its root to the base, and its head extends to the opening on the top surface of the base and contacts the flexible toothed belt; the base has an opening in the area corresponding to the acoustic radiation plate, the acoustic radiation plate covers and is fixed to the opening, and is connected to the root of the elastic paddle.

[0021] The box lid of the present invention is also provided with a protective cover with a guiding function. The protective cover is fixed on the middle mullion. The box lid and the protective cover are slidably engaged, so that the sliding stroke of the box lid is greater than the thickness of the box lid.

[0022] The thermal actuation mechanism of the present invention is further equipped with a state verification mechanism, which is a thermochromic material and is disposed on the side wall of the mullion adjacent to the thermal actuation mechanism.

[0023] The movable limiting device of the present invention is a rotary buckle, a slider, or a pin; wherein, the rotary buckle is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame and engages with the mullion in a clutch-like manner; the slider is slidably mounted on the fixed frame and engages with the mullion in a clutch-like manner; the pin is pluggable mounted on the fixed frame and engages with the mullion in a clutch-like manner.

[0024] The mullion of the present invention cooperates with the fixed frame through the guide structure at its upper and lower ends to limit the displacement of the mullion along the width direction of the window and guide the mullion to move in the direction towards the outside when disassembled.

[0025] The guiding structure described in this invention is characterized by the following: both the upper and lower ends of the mullion on the indoor side are obtuse angle structures, and the fixing frame is provided with grooves that cooperate with the obtuse angle structures. The obtuse angle structures are inserted into the grooves to limit the displacement of the mullion along the width direction of the window; and the upper and lower end faces of the mullion are inclined, with the upper end of the mullion being lower on the indoor side and higher on the outdoor side, and the lower end of the mullion being higher on the indoor side and lower on the outdoor side.

[0026] A method for operating a casement fire rescue window with dual-mode unlocking via thermal triggering and mechanical operation is characterized by providing two independent unlocking triggering modes to release the locking mechanism: Thermal triggering automatic mode: In response to an increase in ambient temperature to a set threshold, the lever-type locking mechanism is automatically released through the operation of the thermal actuation mechanism; Mechanical operation manual mode: The lever-type locking mechanism is released by manually operating the mechanical operation mechanism. After the locking devices at both ends of the mullion are released, the mullion is removed from the fixed frame.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: 1. Significantly Enhanced Flexibility in Fire Rescue Window Installation: This invention innovatively breaks through the limitation of conventional casement windows, which can only achieve fire rescue functions with fixed sashes. Through a unique mullion design, the installation of fire rescue windows is no longer constrained by the fixed sash form, greatly enhancing design flexibility and adaptability, and providing more possibilities for building facade design.

[0028] 2. Innovative Assembly Scheme for Conventional Musker Structures, Achieving Excellent Compatibility and Cost Control: Addressing the common limitation of internal space in conventional casement window mullions, this invention creatively proposes a modular integration concept. The core functional components of the dual-mode unlocking system are disassembled into independent modules suitable for installation and debugging within confined spaces. This design allows the invention to retain most of the common components of conventional casement windows, requiring only targeted improvements to the mullion and connecting mechanisms, achieving high compatibility with existing product systems and production processes. Based on mature technology, this solution is easy to install, significantly reducing the complexity and implementation cost of adding new functions. It effectively breaks through the high cost bottleneck caused by the complex structure of similar high-end solutions, providing a practical path for reliable upgrades and large-scale application of fire safety solutions.

[0029] 3. High adaptability to window opening size and wide applicability: Compared with traditional solutions, this invention effectively reduces the requirements for building window opening size. For standard-sized double-leaf casement windows that meet specifications, after the operable sash is fully opened and the mullion is removed, a passage that meets the net size requirements of fire rescue windows can be formed, greatly expanding the application range of this technology in various types of buildings.

[0030] 4. Dual Optimization of Operation Modes for Rapid and Efficient Rescue Response: This invention innovatively integrates two independent unlocking modes: "thermal trigger automatic" and "mechanical manual," providing optimal operation paths for different fire scenarios and greatly improving rescue efficiency. When the fire reaches a set threshold, the thermal actuator automatically releases the first locking element, putting the window into a ready state. Upon arrival of rescue personnel, the required manual operation steps are minimized: in the ideal situation (if the second locking element has also automatically released), the mullion can be directly moved out; in most cases, only a simple operation (such as flicking) on ​​the operable second locking element is needed to unlock and remove the mullion, quickly creating a rescue passage.

[0031] 5. Dual-mode independent backup for a significant improvement in system reliability: This invention achieves deep system redundancy by constructing two physically and logically independent unlocking channels: "automatic environmental triggering" and "manual triggering." The thermal triggering mode relies on the intrinsic properties of materials to achieve fully automatic response without human intervention or electricity. The manual mechanical mode serves as a completely independent backup operating mechanism, ensuring that all unlocking functions can still be completed independently even if the former fails for any reason. The two modes operate independently and complement each other seamlessly, fundamentally eliminating the risk of single-point failure and enabling the system to maintain extremely high reliability in various complex scenarios, achieving a significant leap in overall system reliability.

[0032] 6. Comprehensive safety protection and excellent anti-misoperation performance: This invention is equipped with a professional anti-misoperation device on the outdoor side, effectively preventing safety issues caused by accidental contact. This device uses a purely mechanical sound-generating structure, does not rely on any power source, and can still operate reliably in extreme environments such as power outages during fires. Its sound generation function is linked to the opening of the lid; a loud, continuous whistling sound is emitted the moment the lid is pulled, providing immediate operational feedback to firefighters, ensuring they can confirm correct operation even in low-visibility conditions, and effectively warning unauthorized personnel against misoperation. This design achieves a perfect balance between daily safety protection and emergency fire rescue.

[0033] 7. Comprehensive Advantages: Through its innovative detachable mullion design, this invention successfully resolves the contradiction between fire rescue windows and daily use needs while maintaining good economic efficiency. It also boasts comprehensive advantages such as flexible installation, strong adaptability, convenient operation, high reliability, and good safety, thus fundamentally realizing a fire rescue window upgrade that is compliant with regulations, practical, and easy to promote. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the interior facade structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the exterior facade structure of the mullion in its partially open state after disassembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section I-I; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section II-II; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section III-III; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the locked structure of section C; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the unlocked structure of section C; Figure 8 for Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of part B in the middle section; Figure 9 for Figure 1 Exploded axonometric view of the outdoor side of section A in the locked state; Figure 10 for Figure 1 An exploded isometric view of the outdoor side of section A in the unlocked state; Figure 11 for Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of section D in the middle; Figure 12 for Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram of section E in the middle; Figure 13 for Figure 9 A magnified structural diagram of section F in the middle; Figure 14 for Figure 10 A magnified structural diagram of section G in the middle; Figure 15 for Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of the back structure of section F in the middle; Figure 16 for Figure 8 A magnified structural diagram of section H in the middle; Figure 17 for Figure 8 A magnified structural diagram of section J in the middle; Figure 18 For Embodiment 2 of the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section III-III.

[0035] In the diagram: 1-Fixed frame, 1-1-Lower part, 1-2-Upper part, 1-3-Groove, 2-Opening fan, 3-Middle mullion, 3-1-First cavity, 3-2-Second cavity, 3-3-Third cavity, 3-4-Limiting ring, 3-5-Obtuous angle structure, 4-Active rod, 4-1-Active rod input end, 4-2-Active rod output end, 4-3-Active rod shaft, 4-4-Active rod elastic fin, 4-5-Active rod limiting point, 4-6-Hanging rope hole, 5-Traction Rope, 5-1-Operating end, 5-2-Hook, 6-Vertical rod, 6-1-Vertical rod input end, 6-1-1-Vertical rod input end mounting hole, 6-2-Vertical rod output end, 6-2-1-Vertical rod output end mounting hole, 7-Driven rod, 7-1-Driven rod input end, 7-2-Driven rod output end, 7-3-Driven rod output arm, 7-4-Driven rod shaft, 7-5-Driven rod first elastic fin, 7-6-Driven rod second elastic fin, 7-7-Driven rod first limit. 7-8-Second limit stop of driven rod, 7-9-Driven rod input arm, 7-10-Driven rod thrust arm, 7-10-1-Driven rod thrust arm mounting hole, 8-Locking rod, 8-1-Limit hinge structure, 9-Locking seat, 9-1-Locking seat screw, 10-Resistance spring, 11-Flexible core, 11-1-Protrusion, 11-2-Core screw, 12-Shape memory alloy, 12-1-Fixed seat, 12-2-Fixed seat screw, 13-Rotating buckle 13-1-Rotating buckle shaft, 13-2-Operating handle, 14-Cover, 14-1-Handle, 14-2-Outer guide rail of cover, 14-3-Inner guide rail of cover, 15-Isolation slide, 16-Base, 16-1-Base guide groove, 17-Protective cover, 17-1-Protective cover guide groove, 17-2-Protective cover folded edge, 17-3-Protective cover mounting ear, 18-Flexible toothed belt, 19-Elastic lever, 20-Sound radiation plate, 21-Fire rescue window sign. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will understand that the various technical features disclosed in this invention (such as "glass fiber reinforced polyester (PBT)" and "stainless steel") encompass a series of equivalent alternatives that achieve the same or similar functions. Conventional substitutions and modifications to these features should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0038] Example 1.

[0039] See Figures 1-17 The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a fixed frame 1, an opening sash 2, and a mullion 3.

[0040] The mullion 3, through its upper and lower guide structures, cooperates with the fixed frame 1 to allow it to be quickly pushed outwards by hand during disassembly. The guide structure is characterized by: obtuse angle structures 3-5 at both the upper and lower interior sides of the mullion 3; grooves 1-3 on the fixed frame 1 that mate with the obtuse angle structures 3-5; the obtuse angle structures 3-5 are inserted into the grooves 1-3 to limit the displacement of the mullion 3 along the width of the window; and the upper and lower end faces of the mullion 3 are inclined, with the upper end lower on the interior side and higher on the exterior side, and the lower end higher on the interior side and lower on the exterior side, resulting in a vertical length on the interior side of the mullion 3 that is less than the vertical length on the exterior side (the difference being the length difference), thus guiding the mullion 3 to move towards the exterior during disassembly. To optimize the installation and disassembly experience of the mullion 3, achieving a smooth and effortless process, and to avoid stress concentration in the fixing frame 1 and control the displacement of the fixing frame 1 along the window width direction, the design angle range of the obtuse angle structure 3-5 is determined to be 158° to 172°, and the design range of the length difference is determined to be 2.5mm to 4.5mm. It is understood that the above ranges are based on a preferred design for specific profiles and working conditions. Those skilled in the art can adaptively adjust and optimize the above parameters based on the actual profile strength, manufacturing tolerances, and usage requirements, under the guidance of the present invention. All such adjustments and optimizations should be considered to fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0041] The upper and lower ends of the mullion 3 are detachably connected to the fixed frame 1 via two independent locking components, allowing the mullion 3 to be removed from the fixed frame 1. In this embodiment, the lower locking component of the mullion 3 employs a lever-type locking mechanism, while the upper locking component employs a movable limiting device. The window also features a thermally sensitive actuating mechanism configured to automatically activate in response to an ambient temperature rise to a set threshold, and is driven to connect with the lever-type locking mechanism at the lower end of the mullion 3 to release the lever-type locking mechanism. The lever-type locking mechanism is equipped with a mechanical operating mechanism configured to accept external manual operation, enabling it to release the lever-type locking mechanism. The thermally sensitive actuating mechanism and the mechanical operating mechanism are independently configured to provide two independent unlocking trigger methods.

[0042] The lever-type locking mechanism is a fundamental component for achieving reliable locking. Its specific composition and working principle are as follows.

[0043] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the lever-type locking mechanism includes an active lever 4 as the active lever arm, a vertical lever 6, a driven lever 7 as the driven lever arm, a locking lever 8, and a locking seat 9.

[0044] The lock seat 9 is fixed to the lower part 1-1 of the fixing frame 1 by lock seat screws 9-1, and its contour is designed to fit the wedge-shaped free end of the lock rod 8. A main guide ramp is provided at the entrance of the lock seat 9, extending to the upper part of the lock groove. A locking surface with a height of 0.2~0.5mm (0.3mm in this embodiment) is machined in the transition area between the guide ramp and the upper part of the lock groove. When the force-enhancing linkage structure passes the dead point, the free end of the lock rod 8 simultaneously contacts both the guide ramp and the locking surface, and the reverse force of the mullion 3 attempting to disengage is borne by both. The installation height of the lock seat 9 must meet the following requirements: its upper surface is not lower than the upper edge of the lower part 1-1 of the fixing frame 1 against the upper edge of the outer side wall of the third cavity 3-3 (in this embodiment, it is 0.15mm higher than the upper edge), and at the same time, it is lower than the upper edge of the lower part 1-1 of the fixing frame 1 against the upper edge of the inner side wall of the third cavity 3-3 (the mullion 3 has multiple cavities inside, see the following text for details). This design prevents interference and ensures reasonable force distribution.

[0045] The active rod 4 is rotatably mounted on the middle mullion 3 via the active rod pivot 4-3.

[0046] The driven rod 7 is rotatably mounted on the mullion 3 via the driven rod pivot 7-4. The driven rod 7 is L-shaped and includes a driven rod input arm 7-9, a driven rod thrust arm 7-10, and a driven rod output arm 7-3. The driven rod thrust arm 7-10 and the driven rod output arm 7-3 are fixedly connected by integral molding, welding, or other methods. The driven rod input arm 7-9 and the driven rod thrust arm 7-10 adopt a split design and are fixedly connected by a structurally interlocking snap-fit ​​mechanism. This method replaces the traditional welding or screw connection, which is convenient for assembly and suitable for narrow spaces. Specifically, at the end of the driven rod input arm 7-9 near the driven rod thrust arm 7-10, a driven rod second elastic fin 7-6 with guide slopes (sloping surfaces are provided on the top, bottom, and sides) and a driven rod second limiting point 7-8 that cooperates with it are integrally formed (in this embodiment, the limiting point is a rectangular shoulder provided on the rod body of the connecting part itself); a driven rod thrust arm mounting hole 7-10-1 is provided at the end of the driven rod thrust arm 7-10, and a guide is machined thereon. The design incorporates a curved surface. During assembly, the end of the driven rod input arm 7-9 is aligned with the driven rod thrust arm mounting hole 7-10-1. The guiding curved surface contacts the guiding inclined surface of the driven rod's second elastic fin 7-6, generating radial compression that forces the elastic fins on the driven rod's second elastic fin 7-6 to elastically deform and retract inwards. When the driven rod input arm 7-9 is inserted to the predetermined depth, the locking part of the elastic fin completely passes through the mounting hole and springs back to its original position due to its own elasticity. At this time, the rear side of the locking part and the front side of the limiting point form a fit, locking the end of the driven rod thrust arm 7-10 in the middle for fixation. Simultaneously, the hole wall of the driven rod thrust arm mounting hole 7-10-1 is tightly fitted with the rod body of the driven rod input arm 7-9. This design ensures that the driven rod input arm 7-9 and the driven rod thrust arm 7-10 are rigidly constrained in the axial, radial, and circumferential directions, preventing relative sliding and rotation, thus forming a solid whole.

[0047] The driven rod 7 has two ends, a driven rod input end 7-1 and a driven rod output end 7-2, respectively. The driven rod input end 7-1 is located on the end of the driven rod input arm 7-9 furthest from the driven rod thrust arm 7-10, and the driven rod output end 7-2 is located on the end of the driven rod output arm 7-3 furthest from the driven rod thrust arm 7-10. The driving rod 4 has two ends, a driving rod input end 4-1 and a driving rod output end 4-2, respectively. The vertical rod 6 has two ends, a vertical rod input end 6-1 and a vertical rod output end 6-2, respectively. Both the vertical rod input end 6-1 and the vertical rod output end 6-2 have two mounting holes: a vertical rod input end mounting hole 6-1-1 and a vertical rod output end mounting hole 6-2-1. A guide arc surface is machined at the entrance of each mounting hole.

[0048] The output end 4-2 of the driving rod passes through the mounting hole 6-1-1 of the input end of the vertical rod, and the output end 4-2 of the driving rod and the mounting hole 6-1-1 of the input end of the vertical rod are in clearance fit; the input end 7-1 of the driven rod passes through the mounting hole 6-2-1 of the output end of the vertical rod, and the input end 7-1 of the driven rod and the mounting hole 6-2-1 of the output end of the vertical rod are in clearance fit; through clearance fit, the driving rod 4 and the driven rod 7 are allowed to slide axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the vertical rod 6 within a small range when subjected to force, thereby ensuring that the entire lever-type locking mechanism moves flexibly and without jamming. To ensure a stable connection while allowing necessary movement margin to compensate for tolerances, an elastic limiting structure is provided on the output end 4-2 of the drive rod. This elastic limiting structure includes an elastic fin 4-4 of the drive rod and two corresponding drive rod limiting points 4-5. Similarly, an elastic limiting structure is provided on the input end 7-1 of the driven rod. This elastic limiting structure includes a first elastic fin 7-5 of the driven rod and two corresponding first limiting points 7-7 of the driven rod. Both the elastic fin 4-4 of the drive rod and the first elastic fin 7-5 of the driven rod have integrally formed guide slopes (slopes on the top, bottom, and sides). The two drive rod limiting points 4-5 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the drive rod 4, and the two first limiting points 7-7 of the driven rod are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the driven rod 7. In this embodiment, the limiting points are rectangular shoulders provided on the rod body of the connecting part itself. When the output end 4-2 of the active rod is inserted into the mounting hole 6-1-1 of the input end of the vertical rod, the input end 6-1 of the vertical rod is located between the elastic fin 4-4 of the active rod and the limiting point 4-5 of the active rod. The elastic fin 4-4 of the active rod and the limiting point 4-5 of the active rod axially float and limit the input end 6-1 of the vertical rod. The elastic fin 4-4 of the active rod and the limiting point 4-5 of the active rod form an active gap within a preset range, allowing the active rod 4 to slide axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the vertical rod 6 within a small range. Similarly, when the driven rod input end 7-1 is inserted into the vertical rod output end mounting hole 6-2-1, the vertical rod output end 6-2 is located between the driven rod first elastic fin 7-5 and the driven rod first limiting point 7-7. The driven rod first elastic fin 7-5 and the driven rod first limiting point 7-7 axially float and limit the vertical rod output end 6-2, and the driven rod first elastic fin 7-5 and the driven rod first limiting point 7-7 form an active gap within a preset range, allowing the driven rod 7 to slide axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the vertical rod 6 within a small range.

[0049] The driven rod output end 7-2 is hinged to one end of the locking rod 8 via a limiting hinge structure 8-1. The other end (i.e., the free end) of the locking rod 8 is a wedge-shaped head that engages and disengages with the locking seat 9. When the locking rod 8 engages with the locking seat 9, it locks the mullion 3 and the fixed frame 1, preventing the mullion 3 from being removed from the fixed frame 1. When the locking rod 8 disengages from the locking seat 9, it releases the lock on the mullion 3 and the fixed frame 1, allowing the mullion 3 to be removed from the fixed frame 1. More specifically, the driven rod 7 and the locking rod 8 together form a force-amplifying linkage structure. This force-amplifying linkage structure is configured to move to or beyond a mechanical dead point position. When in this position, the reaction force acting on the locking seat 9 cannot drive the force-amplifying linkage structure to move on its own, thus achieving mechanical self-locking. The dead point position is the folded position where the driven rod output arm 7-3 and the locking rod 8 are close to or on the same straight line. The dead-point structure can be achieved through the limiting hinge structure 8-1. When the force-increasing link structure moves to the dead-point position, the extension of the driven rod output end 7-2 contacts the locking rod 8, restricting its further rotation and thus maintaining the self-locking state of the dead-point position. Figure 5 When the dead point position is shown or slightly exceeded, the free end of the locking rod 8 engages with the locking seat 9 and is constrained by the guide ramp and locking surface of the locking seat 9. In this configuration, a geometrically statically determinate structure is formed between the driven rod 7, the locking rod 8, and the locking seat 9. The external force attempting to push the mullion 3 from the indoor side acts on the locking rod 8 through the locking seat 9. This force is mainly converted into an internal force that causes the locking rod 8 to be axially compressed and press against the contact surface. The effective component force and its lever arm that can be used to drive the driven rod 7 to rotate around its axis are both extremely small. The lever locking mechanism thus achieves a firm mechanical self-locking. When the lever locking mechanism is in the unlocked state (e.g. Figure 7 , Figure 10 As shown), the other end of the locking rod 8 is separated from the locking seat 9. There is a gap of 0.5~0.8mm (0.6mm in this embodiment) between the lower edge of the locking rod 8 and the upper surface of the locking seat 9, providing operating space for disassembling the middle mullion 3. After the locking parts at both ends of the middle mullion 3 are unlocked, while gently pushing the middle mullion 3 outward, it can be brought as close as possible to the upper part 1-2 of the fixed frame 1, thereby further increasing the gap between the lower end of the middle mullion 3 and the lower part 1-1 of the fixed frame 1, which facilitates disassembly.

[0050] As described above, when the driving lever 4 is driven to rotate by the mechanical operating mechanism, it drives the driven lever 7 to rotate via the vertical lever 6, thereby unlocking the lever-type locking mechanism. When driven by the thermal actuator, the thermal actuator acts directly on the driven lever 7, causing the driven lever 7 to rotate, thereby unlocking the lever-type locking mechanism.

[0051] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, to improve locking stability, a resistance spring 10 is also provided on the driven rod output arm 7-3. One end of the resistance spring 10 acts on the driven rod output arm 7-3, and the other end rests against the inner wall of the mullion 3. When the lever-type locking mechanism is locked, the resistance spring 10 is in a compressed and stored state, and its elastic force further enhances the locking effect and can buffer vibration.

[0052] Furthermore, to optimize the guidance and fatigue life of the resistance spring 10 under long-term complex forces (compression, bending, torsion), the present invention also provides an improved spring assembly. In this assembly, a flexible core 11 is inserted inside the resistance spring 10. As a preferred embodiment, the main body of the flexible core 11 can be made of a high-polymer elastic material with excellent weather resistance, such as medical-grade thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Its design must meet two key geometric constraints: first, the length of the core should be less than the compressed length of the resistance spring 10; second, the outer diameter of the core should be less than the inner diameter of the spring, thereby forming the necessary radial clearance. To prevent the spring from becoming unstable or falling off during reciprocating motion, a special anti-dislodgement protrusion 11-1 is provided on the upper edge of the flexible core 11 near the fixed end. The radial dimension of the protrusion 11-1 is precisely calculated and must simultaneously meet two conditions: it must ensure that the spring can be smoothly inserted and installed, and it must form a reliable axial limit after assembly without interfering with the normal movement of the spring. In one specific embodiment, the sleeve length is designed to be 7.5mm, the outer diameter to be 4.5mm, forming a single-sided gap of approximately 0.7mm between it and the inner wall of the resistance spring 10. In this example, the protrusion 11-1 can be designed as a cylindrical structure with a diameter of approximately 0.5mm and a height of approximately 1mm. To ensure that this tiny protrusion 11-1 maintains stable dimensions and mechanical limiting function throughout its decades-long service life, matching the overall lifespan of the lever-type locking mechanism, a composite manufacturing process is recommended: the flexible sleeve 11 body retains the elastic advantages of the TPU material, while the key anti-detachment protrusion 11-1 uses a stainless steel insert. This design, through localized material reinforcement, fundamentally solves the potential risks of creep, aging, or fatigue fracture in pure polymer components, ensuring ultimate long-term reliability. One end of the flexible sleeve 11 is fixed, which, as one implementation, can be achieved by using a connector, such as a sleeve screw 11-2, to fix it to the inner wall of the mullion 3, while the other end remains free. Its functions are threefold: first, to provide internal guidance and prevent the resistance spring 10 from becoming unstable; second, to absorb and release the torsional stress caused by the lever rotation using the material's elasticity, thus avoiding stress concentration; and third, its weather resistance ensures long-term reliability in conjunction with the resistance spring 10. Through this design, the service life of the spring assembly can be significantly extended, matching the decades-long design life of the lever-type locking mechanism.

[0053] The thermal actuation mechanism is connected to the lever-type locking mechanism. In this embodiment, the thermal actuation mechanism specifically adopts a shape memory alloy actuator. The core component of this shape memory alloy actuator is a shape memory alloy 12 that has undergone specific heat treatment. Its phase transition temperature (Af point) is set according to fire protection regulations and the principle of avoiding false triggering due to high ambient temperatures. For example, it can be set above 85°C, preferably 90°C ± 5°C, to ensure reliable activation in a real fire environment, while avoiding false activation caused by non-fire high temperatures such as summer sun exposure. The shape memory alloy 12 is fixed in the profile cavity of the mullion 3 by a fixing seat 12-1 and fixing seat screws 12-2. Its output end is driven and connected to the driven rod output arm 7-3 of the lever-type locking mechanism by direct pushing. When the ambient temperature does not reach the threshold, the shape memory alloy 12 is in the martensitic state, maintaining its initial shape and not affecting the locking. When the fire causes the ambient temperature to rise and exceed its set threshold, the shape memory alloy 12 undergoes an austenitic phase transformation, generating a significant shape recovery force or displacement, thereby driving the lever-type locking mechanism to move, releasing its engagement with the corresponding lock seat 9 on the fixed frame 1, and completing the automatic unlocking of the first locking element.

[0054] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, to further provide intuitive fire alarm and status indication, and to verify the status of the thermal triggering function, the present invention also integrates a status verification mechanism on the left and right side walls of the mullion 3 where the thermal actuation mechanism (in this embodiment, a shape memory alloy actuator) is located. In this embodiment, the status verification mechanism is specifically a piece of thermochromic material with a specific response temperature. Its color-changing response temperature matches the action threshold of the thermal actuation mechanism. The thermochromic material can be a plastic component modified by thermochromic masterbatch (such as a marker block), or a firmly adhered thermochromic label. When the ambient temperature rises to the action threshold due to a fire, the thermochromic material synchronously undergoes an irreversible, high-contrast color change (e.g., from silver to black, or from green to red). This change provides firefighters with clear and intuitive visual evidence that the thermal actuation mechanism has been successfully triggered and the window has entered the automatic unlocking preparation state, thus allowing for safe and efficient subsequent manual operation. At the same time, this permanent color marking preserves key evidence for post-fire cause investigation and process analysis.

[0055] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, to achieve excellent compatibility with the conventional mullion 3 structure of a casement window, the lever-type locking mechanism and thermal actuation mechanism of this invention adopt an innovative modular spatial layout. The mullion 3 typically consists of multiple independent cavities; this invention cleverly utilizes this existing structure. First cavity 3-1: Primarily houses the vertical rod 6 and the connecting sections of the output arm of the driving rod 4 and the input arm of the driven rod 7-9. This layout fully utilizes the advantages of the limited number of components in the first cavity 3-1. Second cavity 3-2: Primarily houses the driving rod shaft 4-3. This cavity provides the necessary space for the core swing of the lever. Third cavity 3-3: As the core functional integrated module compartment, it centrally houses most of the components of the locking and triggering mechanism, including: the driven rod thrust arm 7-10, the driven rod output arm 7-3, the driven rod shaft 7-4, the locking rod 8, the limiting hinge structure 8-1, the resistance spring 10 and its flexible sleeve 11, the lock seat 9, and the shape memory alloy actuator. The driven rod input arm 7-9 is fixedly connected to the driven rod thrust arm 7-10 within this cavity.

[0056] The driving rod 4 and the driven rod input arm 7-9 serve as the transmission hub, laterally penetrating the first to third cavities 3-3, organically connecting the modular sections into a complete power transmission system. Correspondingly, through holes are provided on the side walls between the first cavity 3-1 and the second cavity 3-2, and on the side walls between the second cavity 3-2 and the third cavity 3-3. The width and height of these through holes are configured to match the range reached by the driving rod 4 and the driven rod input arm 7-9 and their movement trajectories, thus avoiding the risk of motion interference.

[0057] This "functional partitioning and interconnected transmission" layout has the following significant advantages: 1) It maximizes the utilization of the inherent, underutilized narrow cavity space of the mullion 3, eliminating the need for large-scale redesign of the profile cross-section; 2) It integrates the core locking and triggering components into the third cavity 3-3, forming a pre-installable and debuggable independent functional module, greatly simplifying the on-site installation and maintenance process; 3) The clear partitioning reduces the risk of motion interference between components within a limited space, improving reliability. This is the core structural foundation for achieving the invention's goals of "high compatibility with existing product systems, easy installation, and controllable cost."

[0058] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, the mechanical operating mechanism for releasing the locking lever-type locking mechanism includes a traction component. The front end of the traction component has a hook 5-2, which is movably connected to a rope-hanging hole 4-6 on the input end 4-1 of the drive rod inside the mullion 3 via the hook 5-2. The rear end of the traction component has an operating end 5-1 for direct user operation, located on the outside of the mullion 3. In this embodiment, the traction component uses a traction rope 5, whose core is made of multi-strand stainless steel wire and whose outer layer is coated with a polymer coating, providing both strength and corrosion resistance. The contact area between the movable end of the traction rope 5 and the mullion 3 is isolated by an isolation groove 15 made of glass fiber reinforced polyester (PBT) fixed to the mullion 3 to prevent direct contact and wear or electrochemical corrosion. In addition, the rear end of the traction rope 5 passes through a hole in a limiting ring 3-4 fixed on the mullion 3 and then connects to the operating end 5-1. The horizontal cross-sectional dimension of the operating end 5-1 is larger than the horizontal cross-sectional dimension of the hole in the limiting ring 3-4, which can effectively prevent the traction rope 5 from accidentally coming loose from the rope hanging hole 4-6 and falling into the third cavity 3-3 due to improper operation or other reasons, thus ensuring the long-term stability of the lever-type locking mechanism.

[0059] To effectively prevent accidental operation, the operating end 5-1 is protected by an anti-misoperation device. This anti-misoperation device is a cover system configured to require opening before access to the internal operating end 5-1. This cover system not only provides physical protection but also integrates a purely mechanical audible warning device that emits a clear sound when the cover 14 is opened.

[0060] like Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 As shown, the box cover system includes: a base 16 fixed to the mullion 3, a box cover 14 slidably connected to the base 16, a flexible toothed belt 18 disposed on the inner top surface of the box cover 14 facing the base 16, and a sound-generating component mounted on the base 16; wherein, the top surface of the base 16 has an opening for the flexible toothed belt 18 to pass through. The sound-generating component includes an elastic paddle 19 and a sound radiation plate 20; when the box cover 14 is pulled, the flexible toothed belt 18 and the elastic paddle 19 move relative to each other and periodically tug the elastic paddle 19 to vibrate, and the vibration is amplified by the sound radiation plate 20 and radiates sound.

[0061] The base 16, as a fixed part, is made of weather-resistant engineering plastic glass fiber reinforced polyester (such as PBT) and is firmly fixed to the mullion 3 at a predetermined position through a connecting structure on its back (such as riveting). The cover 14, as a movable part, has an inner guide rail 14-3 on its inner side, which cooperates with the base guide groove 16-1 on the base, so that the cover 14 and the base 16 are slidably connected. The user can open the cover 14 by directly pulling it. To further guide the sliding and achieve a longer opening stroke and sound production time, a protective cover 17 fixed to the mullion 3 is also provided above the cover 14. The protective cover 17 is fixedly connected to the mullion 3 by riveting through the protective cover folded edge 17-2 and the mounting holes on the protective cover mounting ears 17-3. The inner side of the protective cover 17 is provided with a protective cover guide groove 17-1, and the upper part of the box cover 14 is slidably nested within the protective cover 17 via the outer guide rail 14-2 of the box cover; this structure allows the actual sliding stroke of the box cover 14 to be much greater than the thickness of its own cover body. The top surface of the protective cover 17 is inclined outward, which also serves to protect against rain and facilitate rapid drainage. In this embodiment, the box cover 14 and the protective cover 17 are made of aluminum alloy profiles.

[0062] The sound-generating component is the core functional part of the lid system, and it is housed in the internal space formed by the lid 14 and the base 16 when they are fastened together. The sound-generating component consists of an elastic paddle 19 and a sound radiation plate 20, and it vibrates to generate sound in conjunction with the flexible toothed belt 18.

[0063] Specifically, a flexible toothed strip 18 with precision serrations is bonded and fixed to the top surface of the inner side of the cover 14 using weather-resistant high-strength epoxy resin structural adhesive. The toothed strip is preferably made of polyimide (PI) film or reinforced polyester (PET) film, with a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm. Such materials are excellent insulators, which can prevent electrochemical corrosion between the material and the metal parts from the source. At the same time, its excellent flexibility and resistance to bending fatigue can fully adapt to repeated bending during the sliding process of the cover 14, ensuring long-term reliability. The tooth pitch of the toothed strip is preferably 2 mm, and the tooth height is preferably 0.5 mm.

[0064] like Figure 12 As shown, the elastic lever 19 is made of spring steel sheet and is L-shaped. To obtain a sensitive high-frequency vibration response, its thickness is small; for example, it can be made of SK7 high-carbon spring steel strip with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The root of the elastic lever 19 is fixed (e.g., by riveting) to the vertical surface of the base 16, and its head extends upward, just passing through the strip opening on the top surface of the base 16, so that when the lid 14 is closed, the head can maintain contact with the flexible toothed band 18 on the inside of the lid 14.

[0065] To achieve highly reliable installation and efficient sound energy conduction, the sound radiation panel 20 employs an integrated installation structure. Specifically, the sound radiation panel 20 is integrally formed from a single piece of 304 stainless steel or 60Si2Mn spring steel plate with a thickness of approximately 0.25mm using a precision stamping process. Both its upper and lower edges are provided with tenons that fold inwards (i.e., first towards the mullion 3, then bent upwards / downwards), and these tenons are the same thickness as the main body of the sound radiation panel 20. Correspondingly, the upper and lower edges of the installation opening on the back of the base 16 are precision injection molded with mortises that match the aforementioned tenons. During installation, the tenons of the sound radiation panel 20 are slid into the corresponding mortises in a direction parallel to the surface of the base 16, forming a tight mortise and tenon joint. This structure precisely positions and securely installs the sound radiation panel 20 at the center of the thickness of the back plate of the base 16. The key to this design lies in the fact that the main body of the acoustic radiation plate 20 completely covers the opening on the back after installation, allowing its inner and outer sides to be exposed to the air, forming a back cavity conducive to sound radiation. Simultaneously, the root of the elastic lever 19 is pre-positioned, ensuring that the root forms a stable and direct rigid contact with the upper edge of the acoustic radiation plate 20 the instant it is inserted and installed. This automatically establishes an efficient vibration transmission path while completing the precision mechanical installation. This integrated design, through the combination of precision stamping and injection molding processes, achieves high reliability while ensuring excellent acoustic performance.

[0066] like Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 As shown, to optimize the outdoor operating experience and improve waterproof performance, the front of the lid 14 is equipped with a handle 14-1 for easy application of force, and its bottom edge is also provided with a drip edge, allowing users to easily apply force to the lid 14 (e.g., by pinching the handle 14-1 and the drip edge). When the user pulls the lid 14, the flexible toothed band 18 on its inner side moves accordingly, and the serrations on the flexible toothed band 18 begin to periodically poke the head of the stationary elastic paddle 19. The elastic paddle 19 thus generates high-frequency vibration. This vibration achieves efficient coupling and transmission of vibrational energy through direct rigid contact between its root and the sound radiation plate 20. The sound radiation plate 20, through its thin profile and open back cavity design, is easy to drive and forms effective sound radiation. As a result, the sound radiation plate 20 is excited to generate strong vibration, thereby converting mechanical energy into a loud, continuous whistling sound that radiates outward. This process occurs instantly the moment the lid 14 begins to slide, providing immediate audible feedback for operation, thus serving as an effective warning.

[0067] like Figure 11As shown, in this embodiment, the upper locking component of the mullion 3 adopts a movable limiting device, which is specifically a manually operable rotating buckle 13. The rotating buckle 13 engages with the mullion 3 in a disengaging manner. The rotating buckle 13 is installed on the outdoor side of the upper part 1-2 of the fixed frame 1 via a rotating buckle shaft 13-1. The rotating buckle 13 is provided with an operating handle 13-2 for easy application of force. In the normally locked state of the window, the rotating buckle 13 is engaged with the mullion 3, and the two are in the locked position. When it is necessary to release the lock, the operator can directly turn the operating handle 13-2 by hand without the need for tools, so that the rotating buckle 13 rotates around the rotating buckle shaft 13-1, thereby disengaging its end from the mullion 3. Figure 11 (As shown by the dotted line), the rotating buckle 13 separates from the mullion 3, enabling manual unlocking. In the thermal triggering mode described in this invention, after the lower locking member (lever-type locking mechanism) of the mullion 3 is automatically unlocked by the shape memory alloy actuator, the mullion 3 becomes initially loose. At this time, although the rotating buckle 13 is still in the locked state, the shear constraint it is subjected to has been partially released, and it is in a state that can be safely and effortlessly released manually.

[0068] As a further extension or variation of Embodiment 1, the spatial arrangement of the two locking components in this invention can be adjusted according to specific needs. For example, the movable limiting device can be located at the lower end of the mullion 3, while the lever-type locking mechanism connected to the thermal actuation mechanism can be located at the upper end of the mullion 3. In this variation, to ensure consistent and reliable sealing and waterproofing performance of the anti-misoperation device, the structural form, installation position, and cooperation relationship between the anti-misoperation device and the mullion 3 are all the same as those described in Embodiment 1 (i.e., they are arranged in the same direction relative to the mullion 3, forming a copy relationship). All unlocking logic, operating steps, and technical effects are equivalent to those in Embodiment 1.

[0069] Example 2.

[0070] like Figure 18 As shown, this embodiment provides another specific implementation method, the core of which is that: the two locking parts at the upper and lower ends of the middle mullion 3 are both lever-type locking mechanisms, and each is connected to an independent thermal actuation mechanism.

[0071] Specifically, the lever-type locking mechanism located at the upper end of the mullion 3 is driven and connected to its equipped thermal actuation mechanism; the lever-type locking mechanism located at the lower end of the mullion 3 is driven and connected to its equipped thermal actuation mechanism. The two thermal actuation mechanisms have the same structure and action threshold, as described in Example 1 (for example, using a shape memory alloy actuator, with the threshold set above 85°C).

[0072] In the heat-triggered automatic mode, when the ambient temperature exceeds the set threshold, the lever-type locking mechanisms at the top and bottom ends can be released synchronously or nearly synchronously under the drive of their respective thermally sensitive actuators, allowing the mullion 3 to quickly and completely enter the detachable state, achieving a higher degree of automation and faster emergency response.

[0073] In the manual mode of mechanical operation, the mechanical operating mechanism can be configured to include independent operating components that act on the upper and lower lever-type locking mechanisms respectively (for example, a traction component and its operating end 5-1 are provided at the upper and lower ends), thereby providing a complete manual backup unlocking scheme.

[0074] Regarding the anti-misoperation device, in this embodiment, to maintain consistency in product appearance, sealing performance, and operating logic, and to facilitate mass production, the anti-misoperation devices installed at the upper and lower parts of the exterior of the mullion 3 have identical structures, installation orientations, and operating methods. That is, they are oriented in the same direction relative to the mullion 3, forming a standard copy relationship. Regardless of changes in the type and layout of the locking components, this anti-misoperation device module remains uniform.

[0075] This embodiment further improves the reliability of the system's automatic unlocking through dual-point hot triggering, and optimizes production and maintenance through standardized component design.

[0076] Other implementation methods and variations.

[0077] The above embodiments mainly describe preferred forms of specific components. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the core concept of this invention (i.e., "thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking"), modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the following aspects, for example: (1) Regarding the selection of specific functional components: Thermosensitive actuators: Their core function is to "generate mechanical action in response to a temperature threshold". Therefore, in addition to the shape memory alloy actuators described in the embodiments, other thermo-mechanical conversion elements can also be used, such as thermal fuses (releasing constraints by melting) and wax thermal expansion elements (generating thrust by expansion).

[0078] Movable limiting device: Other mechanical structures with similar manual direct operation functions can be used, such as a pin or slider that slides in a straight line to replace the rotary buckle 13, which can be locked and released by direct pulling or flicking. The slider is slidably mounted on the fixed frame 1 and engages with the mullion 3 in a clutch-like manner; the pin is pluggable mounted on the fixed frame 1 and engages with the mullion 3 in a clutch-like manner.

[0079] (2) Regarding variations in system configuration: Based on the above components, the system configuration of the present invention can also be flexibly adjusted. For example: In the configuration of the dual-lever locking mechanism, the thermal actuation mechanism can be connected to only one of the levers to form a "single-point automatic triggering" configuration.

[0080] Similarly, mechanical operating mechanisms can also be designed to simultaneously drive two levers through linkage mechanisms (such as linkages or transmission components) to achieve linkage unlocking in a single manual operation.

[0081] The casement fire rescue window with dual-mode unlocking and mechanical deactivation disclosed in the embodiments and variations of this invention includes the following two triggering modes that can independently achieve unlocking and disassembly: (a) Thermally Triggered Automatic Mode. When the ambient temperature rises to a set threshold of the thermally actuated mechanism (e.g., the shape memory alloy actuator used in this embodiment), the mechanism automatically actuates. Depending on the specific configuration of the window, this actuation may drive one or both locking elements to unlock.

[0082] Therefore, after this mode is triggered, depending on the specific design, the two locking components will be in one of the following two states: both have been released; or one locking component has been released while the other locking component is put into a standby state.

[0083] (ii) Manual mode for mechanical operation.

[0084] This mode is initiated by manually operating the mechanical operating mechanism (e.g., the traction element and its operating end 5-1 described in the embodiment). Depending on the type of locking element and its connection to the mechanical operating mechanism, there are two typical implementation paths: Path 1 (Step-by-step operation): After the mechanical operating mechanism releases the lock of one locking element (e.g., the lever-type locking mechanism in Embodiment 1), the other locking element (e.g., the rotating buckle 13 in Embodiment 1) needs to be operated independently by direct manual operation (e.g., rotation, tossing), or the mechanical operating mechanism can be used to release the lock of another locking element (e.g., another independent lever-type locking mechanism in Embodiment 2).

[0085] Path 2 (Linked Operation): As described in the "Other Implementation Methods and Variations" section, when the mechanical operating mechanism is designed to be linked with two locking elements, a single operation can simultaneously release the locking of the two locking elements.

[0086] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications, additions, or equivalent substitutions to the above embodiments, but all such changes should fall within the scope derived from the inventive concept. The scope of protection of this invention is determined by the claims; any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the spirit and essence of this invention should be covered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A casement fire rescue window with both thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking, comprising a fixed frame, an operable sash, and a mullion, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the mullion are detachably connected to the fixed frame via independent locking components, at least one of which employs a lever-type locking mechanism. The mullion also includes a thermal actuation mechanism and a mechanical operating mechanism. The thermal actuation mechanism is configured to automatically activate in response to an ambient temperature rise to a set threshold and connect to the lever-type locking mechanism to release its locking action. The mechanical operating mechanism is configured to accept external manual operation to drive the lever-type locking mechanism to release its locking action.

2. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Of the locking components at the upper and lower ends of the mullion, one is a lever-type locking mechanism and the other is a movable limiting device; or, both the locking components at the upper and lower ends of the mullion are lever-type locking mechanisms.

3. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lever-type locking mechanism includes a driving rod, a vertical rod, a driven rod, a locking rod, and a locking seat; the locking seat is fixed to the fixed frame; both the driving rod and the driven rod are rotatably mounted on the central mullion; the input end of the driven rod is connected to the output end of the driving rod through the vertical rod; the locking rod is connected to the output end of the driven rod, and the driven rod and the locking rod form a force-increasing linkage structure. This structure has a dead point position, which achieves mechanical self-locking when in the dead point position. The locking rod and the locking seat are engaged in a disengaging manner. When the locking rod and the locking seat are engaged, they lock the central mullion and the fixed frame, preventing the central mullion from being removed from the fixed frame. When the locking rod and the locking seat are separated, they release the locking of the central mullion and the fixed frame, allowing the central mullion to be removed from the fixed frame.

4. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The input end of the vertical rod is provided with a vertical rod input end mounting hole, and the output end of the vertical rod is provided with a vertical rod output end mounting hole; the output end of the driving rod passes through the vertical rod input end mounting hole, and the output end of the driving rod and the vertical rod input end mounting hole are clearance-fitted; the input end of the driven rod passes through the vertical rod output end mounting hole, and the input end of the driven rod and the vertical rod output end mounting hole are clearance-fitted.

5. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the driving rod is provided with a driving rod elastic fin and a driving rod limiting point that cooperates with it. The input end of the driven rod is provided with a driven rod first elastic fin and a driven rod first limiting point that cooperates with it. After the output end of the driving rod passes through the mounting hole of the vertical rod input end, the input end of the vertical rod is located between the driving rod elastic fin and the driving rod limiting point. The driving rod elastic fin and the driving rod limiting point axially float and limit the vertical rod input end, and the driving rod elastic fin and the driving rod limiting point form a... The movable gap allows the driving rod to slide axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the vertical rod. When the input end of the driven rod is inserted into the mounting hole of the output end of the vertical rod, the output end of the vertical rod is located between the first elastic fin of the driven rod and the first limiting point of the driven rod. The first elastic fin of the driven rod and the first limiting point of the driven rod provide axial floating limit to the output end of the vertical rod, and the first elastic fin of the driven rod and the first limiting point of the driven rod form a movable gap, allowing the driven rod to slide axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the vertical rod.

6. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The driven rod includes a driven rod input arm, a driven rod thrust arm, and a driven rod output arm; the driven rod thrust arm and the driven rod output arm are fixedly connected, and the driven rod input arm and the driven rod thrust arm are fixedly connected; the input end of the driven rod is located on the end of the driven rod input arm away from the driven rod thrust arm, and the output end of the driven rod is located on the end of the driven rod output arm away from the driven rod thrust arm.

7. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 6, characterized in that: A second elastic fin of the driven rod and a second limiting point of the driven rod are provided at the end of the driven rod input arm near the driven rod thrust arm; a driven rod thrust arm mounting hole is provided at the end of the driven rod thrust arm; the end of the driven rod input arm is inserted into the driven rod thrust arm mounting hole, and the second elastic fin of the driven rod and the second limiting point of the driven rod form a fit, which locks the end of the driven rod thrust arm in the middle for fixation.

8. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Both the active rod elastic fin and the first elastic fin are provided with guide slopes; both the vertical rod input end mounting hole and the vertical rod output end mounting hole are provided with guide arc surfaces. The guide arc surfaces are configured to interact with the guide slopes of the corresponding elastic fins during assembly, forcing the corresponding elastic fins to deform until they pass through the mounting holes and spring back to their original positions.

9. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The driven rod's second elastic fin is provided with a guide slope; the driven rod's thrust arm mounting hole is provided with a guide arc surface, which is configured to interact with the guide slope of the driven rod's second elastic fin during assembly, forcing the second elastic fin to deform until it passes through the driven rod's thrust arm mounting hole and springs back to its original position.

10. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a resistance spring, one end of which acts on the driven rod and the other end is fixed to the mullion.

11. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal actuation mechanism is a shape memory alloy actuator or a thermal expansion element.

12. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical operating mechanism is a traction component used for operation, and it is movably connected to the input end of the drive rod.

13. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 12, characterized in that: The operating end of the traction component is located on the outside of the mullion. The operating end is covered with an anti-misoperation device, which is configured as a cover system that can only be accessed by opening the cover. The cover system includes: a base fixed to the mullion, a cover slidably connected to the base, a flexible toothed belt disposed on the inner top surface of the cover facing the base, and a sound-generating component mounted on the base. The top surface of the base has an opening for the flexible toothed belt to pass through. The sound-generating component includes an elastic paddle and a sound radiation plate. When the cover is pulled, the flexible toothed belt moves relative to the elastic paddle and causes the elastic paddle to vibrate. The vibration is amplified by the sound radiation plate and radiates sound.

14. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 13, characterized in that: The root of the elastic paddle is fixed to the base, and its head extends to the opening on the top surface of the base and contacts the flexible toothed belt. The base has an opening in the area corresponding to the acoustic radiation plate, the acoustic radiation plate covers and is fixed to the opening, and is connected to the root of the elastic lever.

15. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 13, characterized in that: A protective cover with a guiding function is also provided above the box cover. The protective cover is fixed to the mullion. The box cover and the protective cover are slidably engaged, so that the sliding stroke of the box cover is greater than the thickness of the box cover.

16. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal actuation mechanism is also equipped with a state verification mechanism, which is a thermochromic material and is disposed on the side wall of the mullion adjacent to the thermal actuation mechanism.

17. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The movable limiting device is a rotating buckle, a slider, or a pin; wherein, the rotating buckle is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame and engages with the mullion in a clutch-like manner; the slider is slidably mounted on the fixed frame and engages with the mullion in a clutch-like manner; the pin is pluggable mounted on the fixed frame and engages with the mullion in a clutch-like manner.

18. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mullion, through its guide structures at its upper and lower ends, cooperates with the fixed frame to limit the displacement of the mullion along the width of the window and guide the mullion to move towards the outside side during disassembly.

19. The casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in claim 18, characterized in that: The guiding structure is characterized by the following: both the upper and lower ends of the mullion on the indoor side are obtuse angle structures, and the fixing frame is provided with grooves that cooperate with the obtuse angle structures. The obtuse angle structures are inserted into the grooves to limit the displacement of the mullion along the width direction of the window; and the upper and lower end faces of the mullion are inclined, with the upper end of the mullion lower on the indoor side and higher on the outdoor side, and the lower end of the mullion higher on the indoor side and lower on the outdoor side.

20. The working method of the casement fire rescue window with thermal triggering and mechanical dual-mode unlocking as described in any one of claims 1-19, characterized in that, The method provides two independent unlocking trigger modes to release the locking element: Thermal trigger automatic mode: In response to the ambient temperature rising to a set threshold, the lever-type locking mechanism is released through the automatic action of the thermal actuator. Manual operation mode: The lever-type locking mechanism can be released by manually operating the mechanical operating mechanism; After the locking devices at both ends of the mullion are released, the mullion is removed from the fixed frame.

Images