Diesel vehicle high-precision emission and control evaluation system based on internet of things big data

Abstract

The application discloses a diesel vehicle high-precision emission and management and control evaluation system based on Internet of Things big data, relates to the technical field of diesel vehicles and comprises a monitoring module, an exhaust emission module, an early warning terminal and a database. At each monitoring moment, the position of the diesel vehicle is acquired, the area where the diesel vehicle is located is acquired according to the position of the diesel vehicle, other diesel vehicle information and air quality in the area where the diesel vehicle is located are acquired, and it is judged whether the diesel vehicle can continue the first emission mode; if not, the driving mode of the diesel vehicle is changed to the second emission mode; if yes, the exhaust emission amount of the diesel vehicle is acquired; in the exhaust emission process, the concentration of pollution gas in the exhaust is monitored, and it is judged whether the aftertreatment system of the diesel vehicle is healthy; if not, early warning is performed; if yes, the health grade of the aftertreatment system of the diesel vehicle is acquired, the preventive maintenance of the aftertreatment system of the diesel vehicle can be performed, and the air quality is ensured in the exhaust emission process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of diesel vehicle technology, and more specifically to a high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data. Background Technology

[0002] Diesel vehicle exhaust emissions are the gas mixture emitted from the exhaust pipe after diesel fuel is burned in the engine. This gas mixture contains pollutants that can affect air quality and pollute the atmosphere. Therefore, diesel vehicle exhaust is a key target for air pollution control and vehicle compliance supervision.

[0003] The prior art publication number CN116127616A discloses a method and system for real-time monitoring of nitrogen oxide emissions from diesel vehicles. The method acquires the driving status of the tested diesel vehicle and the road conditions of the road in which it is located. The driving status includes both normal and unconventional states, and the road conditions include congested and uncongested states. A strategy for selecting emission calculation methods is set, dynamically selecting the emission calculation method based on the driving status and road conditions, and calculating the nitrogen oxide emissions of the tested diesel vehicle under the corresponding emission calculation method. The emission calculation methods include a power-based window method and a NTE-based method. The method acquires emission images of the tested diesel vehicle under its driving status and for each road condition, annotates the emission images according to Ringelmann blackness, generates an image, sets a Ringelmann blackness image optimization model, and optimizes the Ringelmann blackness image by combining the nitrogen oxide emissions calculated using the power-based window method and the NTE-based method.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned solutions, the applicant of this invention has found that the above-mentioned technology has at least the following technical problems: 1. The existing technology performs real-time emission, but during the emission process, it ignores the capacity of the environment where the diesel vehicle is located to accommodate the pollutants in the exhaust gas. When the amount of pollutants emitted in the exhaust gas exceeds the capacity of the environment to accommodate the pollutants in the exhaust gas, the air quality deteriorates. Therefore, air quality cannot be guaranteed during the exhaust gas emission process.

[0005] 2. Existing technology ignores changes in the health status of diesel vehicle aftertreatment systems and cannot perform preventative maintenance on diesel vehicle aftertreatment systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the present invention aims to provide a high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data, including: a monitoring module, an exhaust emission module, an early warning terminal, and a database.

[0008] The monitoring module is used to set each monitoring time according to a preset time interval, and monitor the amount of exhaust gas produced by the diesel vehicle through sensors at each monitoring time.

[0009] The exhaust emission module includes an exhaust emission control unit and a control and assessment unit.

[0010] The exhaust emission control unit is used to obtain the amount of exhaust gas produced by the diesel vehicle and the location of the diesel vehicle at each monitoring time, and to analyze the amount and time of exhaust gas emissions from the diesel vehicle.

[0011] The control and assessment unit is used to monitor the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas of a diesel vehicle when the vehicle is emitting exhaust gas, and to determine whether the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is healthy. If it is unhealthy, an early warning is issued; if it is healthy, the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is analyzed.

[0012] The warning terminal is used to issue a warning when the exhaust emissions of a diesel vehicle fail to meet the standards.

[0013] The database is used to store information about other diesel vehicles in the area where the diesel vehicle is located, the diesel vehicle's number and pollutant concentration limits, as well as the air quality, air parameters, total diesel vehicle exhaust emissions, and pollutant concentrations in the exhaust gas in the area where the diesel vehicle is located during each historical monitoring period.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention provides a high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data. At each monitoring moment, the location of the diesel vehicle is obtained, the area where the diesel vehicle is located is obtained based on the location of the diesel vehicle, and information on other diesel vehicles and air quality in the area where the diesel vehicle is located is obtained. It is determined whether the diesel vehicle can continue to operate in the first emission mode. If not, the driving mode of the diesel vehicle is changed to the second emission mode. If it can, the exhaust emission of the diesel vehicle is obtained. During the exhaust emission process, the concentration of pollutant gases in the exhaust gas is monitored to determine whether the after-treatment system of the diesel vehicle is healthy. If it is unhealthy, an early warning is issued. If it is healthy, the health level of the after-treatment system of the diesel vehicle is obtained, which enables preventive maintenance of the after-treatment system of the diesel vehicle and ensures air quality during the exhaust emission process.

[0015] 2. At each monitoring moment, the exhaust gas storage volume of the diesel vehicle's exhaust gas treatment device and the location of the diesel vehicle are obtained to determine whether the diesel vehicle can continue to operate in the first emission mode. If not, the driving mode of the diesel vehicle is changed to the second emission mode. If it can, the exhaust gas emission threshold of the diesel vehicle is obtained. When the diesel vehicle is emitting exhaust gas, the exhaust gas emission of the diesel vehicle is monitored in real time. When the exhaust gas emission of the diesel vehicle reaches the exhaust gas emission threshold of the diesel vehicle, the valve of the exhaust gas treatment device of the diesel vehicle is closed, thus ensuring air quality during the exhaust gas emission process.

[0016] 3. When a diesel vehicle emits exhaust gas, the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas is monitored, and the concentration limits of pollutants are obtained from the database. The concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas is compared with the concentration limits to determine whether the diesel vehicle's exhaust emissions are up to standard. If they are not up to standard, an early warning is issued. If they are up to standard, monitoring continues. After a preset monitoring period, the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas during each exhaust emission within that monitoring period is obtained to determine whether the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is healthy. If healthy, the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is obtained, and it is determined whether the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is Level 3. If the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is Level 3, the vehicle's serial number is obtained from the database and sent to the manufacturer of the diesel vehicle for recycling and repair. This enables preventative maintenance of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure connection of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data, including: a monitoring module, an exhaust emission module, an early warning terminal, and a database.

[0021] The monitoring module is connected to the exhaust emission module, the exhaust emission module is connected to the early warning terminal, and the database is connected to the exhaust emission module.

[0022] The monitoring module is used to set each monitoring time according to a preset time interval, and monitor the amount of exhaust gas produced by the diesel vehicle through sensors at each monitoring time.

[0023] It should be noted that the preset time intervals are used to set the monitoring times and are set by the relevant staff.

[0024] It should also be noted that the amount of exhaust gas produced by diesel vehicles is monitored through gas sensors.

[0025] Among them, exhaust gas production is the amount of exhaust gas generated during the operation of a diesel vehicle, while emissions refer to the amount of exhaust gas emitted after the exhaust gas passes through the aftertreatment system. Emissions = Production × Treatment efficiency.

[0026] It should be explained that the exhaust gas storage device is used to store the exhaust gas produced when a diesel vehicle generates exhaust gas, and the aftertreatment system is used to treat the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas storage device and then discharge the treated exhaust gas.

[0027] The exhaust emission module includes an exhaust emission control unit and a control and assessment unit.

[0028] The exhaust emission control unit is used to obtain the amount of exhaust gas produced by the diesel vehicle and the location of the diesel vehicle at each monitoring time, and to analyze the amount and time of exhaust gas emissions from the diesel vehicle.

[0029] It should be noted that the exhaust emission control unit adjusts the emission threshold based on regional environmental parameters and controls the emission time and emission amount.

[0030] It should also be noted that the location of the diesel vehicle was obtained through the BeiDou positioning system.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the exhaust emission control unit operates as follows: at each monitoring time, the location of the diesel vehicle is obtained, and the area where the diesel vehicle is located is obtained based on the location of the diesel vehicle and is referred to as the marked area. The exhaust emission priority of each diesel vehicle and the capacity of the marked area for pollutants are analyzed to determine whether the diesel vehicle can continue to operate in the first emission mode. If not, the diesel vehicle's operating mode is changed to the second emission mode. If it can, the exhaust emission threshold of the diesel vehicle is obtained. When the diesel vehicle is emitting exhaust gases, the exhaust emission of the diesel vehicle is monitored in real time. When the exhaust emission of the diesel vehicle reaches the exhaust emission threshold of the diesel vehicle, the operating mode of the diesel vehicle is changed to low emission driving. This method is used to determine whether the diesel vehicle can continue to operate in the first emission mode at each monitoring time and to obtain the exhaust emission threshold of the diesel vehicle.

[0032] It should be noted that the first emission mode is when the generator operates at high power, and the second emission mode is when the aftertreatment system operates at full load.

[0033] The process involves retrieving a regional distribution map of the city where the diesel vehicle is located from the database, extracting the various regions of the city from the map, comparing the location of the diesel vehicle with the coverage of each region, and identifying the region where the diesel vehicle is located if it falls within the coverage of a certain region.

[0034] It should also be noted that the city's regional distribution map includes the city's regional divisions. Taking Hangzhou as an example, the regional distribution map divides Hangzhou into Yuhang District, Xihu District, and Xiaoshan District, etc. This example is for illustrative purposes only and is not the only limitation.

[0035] It should be noted that the exhaust emissions of diesel vehicles are monitored using gas sensors.

[0036] It should also be noted that, following the method for obtaining the exhaust emissions of each secondary-labeled diesel vehicle, the first emission of the diesel vehicle is obtained, along with the exhaust emissions and pollutant content in the exhaust of each secondary-labeled diesel vehicle. Based on the exhaust emissions and pollutant content of each secondary-labeled diesel vehicle, the pollutant emissions of each secondary-labeled diesel vehicle are calculated. The pollutant emissions of each secondary-labeled diesel vehicle are then added together to obtain the total pollutant emissions. The capacity of the labeled area for pollutant emissions is obtained, and the difference between the capacity of the labeled area for pollutant emissions and the total pollutant emissions is calculated. The concentration of pollutant emissions in the exhaust of the diesel vehicle is then obtained. Based on the difference between the capacity of the labeled area for pollutant emissions and the total pollutant emissions, and the concentration of pollutant emissions in the exhaust of the diesel vehicle, the second emission of the diesel vehicle is calculated. The first emission and the second emission are compared, and the minimum emission is selected as the threshold for the exhaust emissions of the diesel vehicle.

[0037] The specific process for determining whether the diesel vehicle can continue in the first emission mode is as follows: The air quality of the marked area is obtained. If the air quality in the marked area is poor, the diesel vehicle cannot continue in the first emission mode. If the air quality in the marked area is good, other diesel vehicles in the marked area are retrieved from the database and referred to as "marked diesel vehicles." Information about each marked diesel vehicle is also retrieved from the database. The diesel vehicle and all marked diesel vehicles are collectively referred to as "each diesel vehicle." The exhaust emission priority of each diesel vehicle and the capacity of the marked area for pollutants are obtained. Based on the exhaust emission priority of each diesel vehicle and the capacity of the marked area for exhaust gases, the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is obtained. If the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is 0, it means that the diesel vehicle cannot continue in the first emission mode. If the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is 1, it means that the diesel vehicle can continue in the first emission mode.

[0038] The capacity of the marked area to hold pollutants refers to the upper limit of the marked area's capacity to hold pollutants.

[0039] It should be explained that this system is connected to the local environmental management system to obtain the air quality of the area where the diesel vehicle is located. When AQI ≤ 100, it means that the air quality is good.

[0040] It should be noted that the information for diesel vehicles includes the storage capacity threshold of the exhaust gas storage device and the exhaust gas storage capacity of each diesel vehicle's exhaust gas storage device.

[0041] It should also be noted that air quality parameters for the area where the diesel vehicle is located are obtained from the local environmental management system.

[0042] The air parameters include temperature, humidity, wind speed, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and sulfur oxides.

[0043] It is important to know that the pollutants in exhaust gas include nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and sulfur oxides.

[0044] It needs to be explained that when multiple diesel vehicles are emitting exhaust gases, the remaining capacity of the exhaust gas storage device in each diesel vehicle is obtained, and the diesel vehicle with the smaller remaining capacity is given priority in emitting exhaust gases.

[0045] The specific process for obtaining the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is as follows: obtain the exhaust emission priority of the diesel vehicle and the exhaust emission priority of each marked diesel vehicle, compare them, and refer to each marked diesel vehicle whose exhaust emission priority is higher than that of the diesel vehicle as each secondary marked diesel vehicle.

[0046] Analyze the exhaust emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle and obtain the pollutant gas concentration in the exhaust gas storage device of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle. Calculate the pollutant gas emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle and add the pollutant gas emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle to obtain the total pollutant gas emission. If the total pollutant gas emission is greater than the capacity of the marked area for pollutant gas, the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is 0; otherwise, it means that the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is 1.

[0047] It should be noted that the concentration of pollutant gases in each secondary-labeled diesel vehicle exhaust gas storage device is obtained from the database.

[0048] It should also be noted that the method for calculating the pollutant emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle is the same as the method for calculating the total amount of pollutant emissions emitted into the marked area during the historical monitoring of each mark.

[0049] The above-mentioned process for analyzing the exhaust emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle is as follows: obtain the running time of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle in the marking area, and calculate the remaining storage capacity of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle's exhaust gas storage device based on the storage capacity threshold and exhaust gas storage capacity of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle's exhaust gas storage device.

[0050] It should be noted that the running time of the diesel vehicle is obtained through satellites, traffic navigation systems, and vehicle GPS, etc. In this embodiment, the running time of the diesel vehicle is obtained through a traffic navigation system.

[0051] It should also be noted that the remaining storage capacity of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle exhaust gas storage device is obtained by subtracting the exhaust gas storage capacity of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle exhaust gas storage device from its storage capacity threshold.

[0052] The system acquires the monitoring times for each secondary-marked diesel vehicle, obtains the exhaust gas generation rate of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle based on the exhaust gas generation amount at each monitoring time, calculates the total exhaust gas generation of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle in the marked area based on the exhaust gas generation rate and the running time in the marked area, and calculates the exhaust gas emission of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle based on the total exhaust gas generation of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle in the marked area and the remaining storage capacity of the exhaust gas storage device.

[0053] It should be noted that, for a certain secondary-marked diesel vehicle, the difference in exhaust gas production and the interval between each adjacent mark monitoring time are calculated. Based on the difference in exhaust gas production and the interval between each adjacent mark monitoring time, the exhaust gas production rate at each adjacent mark monitoring time is calculated, and the average value of the exhaust gas production rate at each adjacent mark monitoring time is calculated. This average value is taken as the exhaust gas production rate of the secondary-marked diesel vehicle.

[0054] It should also be noted that the total exhaust emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle are obtained by multiplying the exhaust emission rate of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle by the operating time of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle in the marked area.

[0055] The exhaust emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle are obtained by subtracting the remaining storage capacity of the exhaust gas storage device of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle from the total exhaust gas generated in the marking area.

[0056] The above-mentioned analysis of the exhaust emission priority of each diesel vehicle is specifically carried out as follows: The storage capacity threshold of each diesel vehicle's exhaust gas storage device, the exhaust gas storage capacity of each diesel vehicle's exhaust gas storage device, and the exhaust gas generation of each diesel vehicle at each monitoring time are obtained from the database. The monitoring time of each monitoring time is compared with the current time, and each monitoring time shorter than the current time is called a marked monitoring time. Based on the storage capacity threshold of each diesel vehicle's exhaust gas storage device, the exhaust gas storage capacity of each diesel vehicle's exhaust gas storage device, and the exhaust gas generation of each diesel vehicle at each marked monitoring time, the emission coefficient of each diesel vehicle is obtained. The ascending and descending order of the emission coefficients of each diesel vehicle is the ascending and descending order of the diesel exhaust emission priority.

[0057] It should be noted that, based on the exhaust emission levels of each diesel vehicle at each monitoring point, an exhaust emission curve is constructed for each diesel vehicle. The x-axis of the exhaust emission curve represents the time at each monitoring point, and the y-axis represents the exhaust emission level at each monitoring point. The overall slope of the exhaust emission curve for each diesel vehicle is calculated. The storage threshold of each diesel vehicle's exhaust emission storage device, the exhaust emission storage capacity of each diesel vehicle's exhaust emission storage device, and the overall slope of the exhaust emission curve are then normalized according to the formula: Get the first Emission coefficient of diesel vehicles In the formula Representing the The exhaust gas storage capacity of a diesel vehicle exhaust gas storage device Representing the The storage capacity threshold for a diesel vehicle exhaust gas storage device Representing the The overall slope of the exhaust emission curves for a diesel vehicle. The serial number representing each diesel vehicle. It is a positive integer.

[0058] The normalization formula is: $Norm(X)=\frac{X-X_{min}}{X_{max}-X_{min}}$, which maps it to the interval [0,1]. X_{min} represents the historical minimum value of data X, and X_{max} represents the historical extreme value of data X.

[0059] It should also be noted that, in the exhaust emission curve of a certain diesel vehicle, the coordinates of the leftmost point in the curve are obtained. and the coordinates of the rightmost point The overall slope of the exhaust gas curve of the diesel vehicle is then... The overall slope of the exhaust gas curves for each diesel vehicle is calculated using this method.

[0060] It should be explained that when multiple diesel vehicles have the same emission coefficient, emissions are carried out in ascending order of the remaining amount in the exhaust gas storage devices of each diesel vehicle.

[0061] The above analysis of the capacity of the marked area to contain pollutants involves the following steps: obtaining the air parameters of the current marked area and the air parameter characteristics of the current marked area; obtaining the air quality and air parameters of the marked area during each historical monitoring session from the database, and simultaneously obtaining the air parameter characteristics of the marked area during each historical monitoring session; and obtaining the historical monitoring data for each marked area based on the air parameter characteristics of the current marked area and the air quality and air parameter characteristics of the marked area during each historical monitoring session.

[0062] It should be noted that the air parameter features are obtained through convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which are existing technologies. The specific process is as follows: the air parameters are formatted and normalized, and then the processed air parameters are input into the CNN. Each convolutional kernel in the convolutional layer performs convolution processing on the parameter features to obtain high-dimensional features. The high-dimensional features are then reduced and compressed through pooling layers to extract core features. Finally, the core features are mapped to low-dimensional features through fully connected layers to obtain the air parameter features.

[0063] It should also be noted that the air parameter characteristics of the marked area during each historical monitoring are compared with the air parameter characteristics of the current marked area. If the air parameter characteristics of the marked area during a certain historical monitoring are the same as those of the current marked area, then that historical monitoring is called a similar historical monitoring. This method is used to obtain each similar historical monitoring, and the air quality at each similar historical monitoring time is obtained. Each similar historical monitoring with good air quality is called a marked historical monitoring.

[0064] The total diesel vehicle exhaust emissions and pollutant concentrations in the exhaust gas within the marked area during the historical monitoring of each marker are obtained from the database. The total amount of pollutant gas emitted into the marked area during the historical monitoring of each marker is calculated. The total amount of pollutant gas emitted into the marked area during the historical monitoring of each marker is compared, and the largest total amount of pollutant gas is selected. The total amount of pollutant gas is then the capacity of the marked area to contain pollutant gas.

[0065] It should be noted that in a certain historical monitoring of a marker, the total amount of diesel vehicle exhaust emissions in the marked area is multiplied by the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas to obtain the total amount of pollutants emitted into the marked area. The total amount of pollutants emitted into the marked area during each historical monitoring of a marker is calculated using this method.

[0066] The specific process for obtaining the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is as follows: obtain the exhaust emission priority of the diesel vehicle and the exhaust emission priority of each marked diesel vehicle, compare them, and refer to each marked diesel vehicle whose exhaust emission priority is higher than that of the diesel vehicle as each secondary marked diesel vehicle.

[0067] Analyze the exhaust emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle and obtain the pollutant gas concentration in the exhaust gas storage device of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle. Calculate the pollutant gas emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle and add the pollutant gas emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle to obtain the total pollutant gas emission. If the total pollutant gas emission is greater than the capacity of the marked area for pollutant gas, the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is 0; otherwise, it means that the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is 1.

[0068] It should be noted that the concentration of pollutant gases in each secondary-labeled diesel vehicle exhaust gas storage device is obtained from the database.

[0069] It should also be noted that the method for calculating the pollutant emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle is the same as the method for calculating the total amount of pollutant emissions emitted into the marked area during the historical monitoring of each mark.

[0070] The above-mentioned process for analyzing the exhaust emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle is as follows: the running time of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle in the marked area is obtained from the traffic navigation system, and the remaining storage capacity of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle's exhaust gas storage device is calculated based on the storage capacity threshold and exhaust gas storage capacity of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle's exhaust gas storage device.

[0071] It should be noted that the remaining storage capacity of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle exhaust gas storage device is obtained by subtracting the exhaust gas storage capacity of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle exhaust gas storage device from its storage capacity threshold.

[0072] The system acquires the monitoring times for each secondary-marked diesel vehicle, obtains the exhaust gas generation rate of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle based on the exhaust gas generation amount at each monitoring time, calculates the total exhaust gas generation of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle in the marked area based on the exhaust gas generation rate and the running time in the marked area, and calculates the exhaust gas emission of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle based on the total exhaust gas generation of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle in the marked area and the remaining storage capacity of the exhaust gas storage device.

[0073] It should be noted that, for a certain secondary-marked diesel vehicle, the difference in exhaust gas production and the interval between each adjacent mark monitoring time are calculated. Based on the difference in exhaust gas production and the interval between each adjacent mark monitoring time, the exhaust gas production rate at each adjacent mark monitoring time is calculated, and the average value of the exhaust gas production rate at each adjacent mark monitoring time is calculated. This average value is taken as the exhaust gas production rate of the secondary-marked diesel vehicle.

[0074] It should also be noted that the total exhaust emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle are obtained by multiplying the exhaust emission rate of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle by the operating time of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle in the marked area.

[0075] The exhaust emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle are obtained by subtracting the remaining storage capacity of the exhaust gas storage device of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle from the total exhaust gas generated in the marking area.

[0076] The control and assessment unit is used to monitor the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas of a diesel vehicle when the vehicle is emitting exhaust gas, and to determine whether the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is healthy. If it is unhealthy, an early warning is issued; if it is healthy, the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is analyzed.

[0077] It should be noted that the concentration of polluting gases in the exhaust gas is monitored through an OBD integrated sensor.

[0078] It should also be noted that the after-treatment system specifically refers to the collective term for specialized equipment and supporting control units used to purify the exhaust gas temporarily stored in the exhaust gas storage device and to discharge the treated exhaust gas that meets emission standards in a targeted manner. Its core function is to use catalytic conversion and filtration technologies to reduce the concentration of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide contained in the exhaust gas produced by diesel vehicle combustion, so as to ensure that the exhaust gas emissions meet the relevant limit requirements of the National VI Motor Vehicle Pollutant Emission Standard and reduce pollution to the atmospheric environment.

[0079] In a specific embodiment, the control and evaluation unit operates as follows: When a diesel vehicle emits exhaust gas, the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas is monitored, and the concentration limit of pollutants is obtained from the database. The concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas is compared with the concentration limit of pollutants to determine whether the exhaust gas emission of the diesel vehicle is qualified. If it is not qualified, an early warning is issued. If it is qualified, monitoring continues. After a preset monitoring period, the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas during each exhaust emission of the diesel vehicle within the monitoring period is obtained to determine whether the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is healthy. If it is healthy, the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is obtained, and it is determined whether the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is Level 3. If the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is Level 3, the serial number of the diesel vehicle is obtained from the database and sent to the manufacturer of the diesel vehicle for recycling and repair.

[0080] It should be noted that the limits for pollutant gas concentrations are set in accordance with the National VI emission standards for motor vehicles.

[0081] It should also be noted that when the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas is greater than the limit, it means that the diesel vehicle's exhaust emissions are not up to standard; when the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas is less than the limit, it means that the diesel vehicle's exhaust emissions are up to standard.

[0082] The specific process for determining the health of a diesel vehicle's aftertreatment system, as described above, is as follows: The concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas emitted by the diesel vehicle during each emission within the monitoring period is obtained. A pollutant concentration curve is constructed using the emission time of each exhaust gas emission within the monitoring period as the x-axis and the pollutant concentration in the exhaust gas as the y-axis. The overall slope of the curve is then obtained. If the overall slope of the curve is greater than zero, the diesel vehicle's aftertreatment system is unhealthy. If the overall slope of the curve is less than zero, the diesel vehicle's aftertreatment system is healthy. If the overall slope of the curve is equal to zero, the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas emitted by the diesel vehicle during the monitoring period is obtained and compared with the pollutant concentration limit. If the concentration is lower than the pollutant concentration limit, the diesel vehicle's aftertreatment system is healthy; otherwise, it indicates that the diesel vehicle's aftertreatment system is unhealthy.

[0083] It should be noted that the overall slope of the curve in the pollutant gas concentration curve is obtained by using the same method as that used to obtain the overall slope of the curve in the exhaust gas curve.

[0084] It should also be noted that the lower the concentration of pollutant gas, the better the after-treatment system treats the pollutant gas in the exhaust gas, and the healthier the after-treatment system is.

[0085] The specific process for obtaining the health level of the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system described above is as follows: When the concentration of pollutants in the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system is high, the slope of each point in the pollutant gas concentration curve is obtained, and the rate of change of the slope is calculated. Simultaneously, these slopes are compared sequentially from left to right in the pollutant gas concentration curve. If the slope of each point in the pollutant gas concentration curve gradually decreases, and the rate of change of the slope is greater than a preset rate of change threshold, then the health level of the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system is Level 1. If the slope of each point in the pollutant gas concentration curve gradually decreases, and the rate of change of the slope is less than a preset rate of change threshold, then the health level of the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system is Level 2. If the slope of each point in the pollutant gas concentration curve gradually increases or the slope of each point remains unchanged, then the health level of the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system is Level 3. This describes the method for obtaining the health level of the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system.

[0086] It should be noted that, following the method for calculating the exhaust emission rate of each secondary-labeled diesel vehicle, the slope change rate is calculated as follows: The slope of a point on the left side of the pollutant gas concentration curve is denoted as... The slope of the rightmost point is denoted as The rate of change of the slope is .

[0087] It should also be noted that the preset rate of change threshold is a critical value used to judge whether the slope of the pollutant gas concentration curve changes too quickly. It is set by relevant staff and the preset rate of change threshold is 0.05 (ppm / s) / km.

[0088] The warning terminal is used to issue a warning when the exhaust emissions of a diesel vehicle fail to meet the standards.

[0089] The database is used to store information about other diesel vehicles in the area where the diesel vehicle is located, the diesel vehicle's number and pollutant concentration limits, as well as the air quality, air parameters, total diesel vehicle exhaust emissions, and pollutant concentrations in the exhaust gas in the area where the diesel vehicle is located during each historical monitoring period.

[0090] It should be noted that the database synchronizes data from the traffic navigation system and environmental monitoring stations every hour to ensure real-time performance.

[0091] It should also be noted that a diesel vehicle emission control system based on Internet of Things big data includes an exhaust gas sensor, a positioning module, an environmental parameter acquisition module, an on-board controller, and a communication module; wherein the on-board controller is connected to the engine control unit and the exhaust gas aftertreatment actuator, and the on-board controller determines the emission status based on exhaust gas concentration, environmental parameters, and historical data, and controls the engine / aftertreatment actuator to switch operating modes.

[0092] In a specific scenario, assuming the target diesel vehicle is numbered 1, the exhaust gas storage device has a storage threshold of 5L, a current storage capacity of 3L, an air quality index (AQI) of 92, a temperature of 28°C, and a humidity of 55%, analysis reveals a pollutant gas capacity of 3ppm.L. Other diesel vehicles are numbered 2 and 3. The database is retrieved to show the exhaust gas storage device thresholds and current storage capacities for vehicles numbered 2 and 3 as 5L and 3.5L, and 5L and 2.5L, respectively, as well as the exhaust gas emissions from the last three monitoring sessions. The exhaust emission curves of diesel vehicles numbered 1, 2, and 3 are constructed, and the overall slope of the exhaust emission curves of diesel vehicles numbered 1, 2, and 3 is calculated. Assuming that the overall slopes of the exhaust emission curves of diesel vehicles numbered 1, 2, and 3 are 0.015, 0.02, and 0.01, respectively, the emission coefficients of diesel vehicles numbered 1, 2, and 3 are calculated according to the emission coefficient calculation formula as 0.615, 0.72, and 0.505, respectively. Then, the priority order is diesel vehicle numbered 2, diesel vehicle numbered 1, and diesel vehicle numbered 3.

[0093] The diesel vehicle numbered 2 operated in the marked area for 1 hour, with a remaining storage capacity of 1.5L. Based on historical data, the exhaust gas production rate of the diesel vehicle numbered 2 was 0.25L / min, the total production was 15L, and the exhaust gas emission was 13.5L. The concentration of pollutant gas in the exhaust gas of the diesel vehicle numbered 2 was obtained from the database as 0.04ppm, and the emission amount was 0.54ppm.L. Since 0.54ppm.L is less than 3ppm.L, the emission return value of the diesel vehicle numbered 1 was 1.

[0094] The exhaust emission rate of diesel vehicle No. 1 is 0.3L / min, the running time is 1.5 hours, the total emission is 27L, the first emission is 25L, and the second emission is 70.29L. Therefore, the emission threshold of diesel vehicle No. 1 is 25L.

[0095] The OBD integrated sensor monitored the exhaust gas concentration of diesel vehicle number 1 and found it to be 0.035 ppm, which is lower than the National VI emission standard limit of 0.06 ppm. Therefore, the emissions were deemed compliant, and no warning was triggered. The preset monitoring time was 30 minutes, and the exhaust gas emission concentration and time were recorded three times: 0.035 ppm at 14:40, 0.032 ppm at 14:50, and 0.029 ppm at 15:00. The overall slope was -0.0002, which is less than 0, indicating that the aftertreatment system was healthy.

[0096] The monitoring duration was set to 30 minutes. The exhaust gas emission concentration and time were recorded three times, which were 0.035ppm at 14:40, 0.032ppm at 14:50, and 0.029ppm at 15:00. The slope change rate was 0, which was less than the preset 0.05. The maintenance level was determined to be Level 2, and no maintenance was required.

[0097] In this embodiment of the invention, at each monitoring time, the location of the diesel vehicle is obtained, the area where the diesel vehicle is located is obtained based on the location, and information on other diesel vehicles and air quality in the area is also obtained. It is determined whether the diesel vehicle can continue to operate in the first emission mode. If not, the driving mode of the diesel vehicle is changed to the second emission mode. If it can, the exhaust emission of the diesel vehicle is obtained. During the exhaust emission process, the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas is monitored to determine whether the after-treatment system of the diesel vehicle is healthy. If it is unhealthy, an early warning is issued. If it is healthy, the health level of the after-treatment system of the diesel vehicle is obtained, enabling preventive maintenance of the after-treatment system of the diesel vehicle and ensuring air quality during the exhaust emission process.

[0098] The examples described in this invention are not limited to the specific embodiments listed above. The examples are merely illustrative to facilitate understanding of the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection.

[0099] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined in this specification, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data, characterized in that, Includes the following modules: The monitoring module is used to set monitoring times according to preset time intervals, and monitor the amount of exhaust gas produced by the diesel vehicle through sensors at each monitoring time. The exhaust emission module includes an exhaust emission control unit and a control and assessment unit: The exhaust emission control unit is used to obtain the amount of exhaust gas produced by the diesel vehicle and the location of the diesel vehicle at each monitoring time, and to analyze the amount and time of exhaust gas emissions from the diesel vehicle. The control and assessment unit is used to monitor the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas of a diesel vehicle when the diesel vehicle emits exhaust gas, and to determine whether the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is healthy. If it is unhealthy, an early warning is issued; if it is healthy, the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is analyzed. The early warning terminal is used to issue warnings when the exhaust emissions of diesel vehicles fail to meet standards. The database is used to store information about other diesel vehicles in the area where the diesel vehicle is located, the diesel vehicle's number and pollutant concentration limits, as well as the air quality, air parameters, total diesel vehicle exhaust emissions, and pollutant concentrations in exhaust gases in the area where the diesel vehicle was located during each historical monitoring period.

2. The high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust emission control unit operates as follows: At each monitoring time, the location of the diesel vehicle is obtained, and the area where the diesel vehicle is located is obtained based on the location and is called the marked area. The exhaust emission priority of each diesel vehicle and the capacity of the marked area for pollutants are analyzed to determine whether the diesel vehicle can continue to operate in the first emission mode. If not, the diesel vehicle's operating mode is changed to the second emission mode. If it can, the exhaust emission threshold of the diesel vehicle is obtained. When the diesel vehicle is emitting exhaust gases, the exhaust emission of the diesel vehicle is monitored in real time. When the exhaust emission of the diesel vehicle reaches the exhaust emission threshold of the diesel vehicle, the operating mode of the diesel vehicle is changed to low emission driving. In this way, it is determined whether the diesel vehicle can continue to operate in the first emission mode at each monitoring time and the exhaust emission threshold of the diesel vehicle is obtained.

3. The high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The specific process for determining whether the diesel vehicle can continue in the first emission mode is as follows: The system obtains the air quality of the marked area. When the air quality in the marked area is poor, the diesel vehicle cannot continue to operate in the first emission mode. When the air quality in the marked area is good, other diesel vehicles in the marked area are retrieved from the database and referred to as "marked diesel vehicles." Information about each marked diesel vehicle is also retrieved from the database and collectively referred to as "each diesel vehicle." The system obtains the exhaust emission priority of each diesel vehicle and the capacity of the marked area for pollutants. Based on the exhaust emission priority of each diesel vehicle and the capacity of the marked area for exhaust gases, the system obtains the exhaust emission return value of each diesel vehicle. If the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is 0, it means that the diesel vehicle cannot continue to operate in the first emission mode. If the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is 1, it means that the diesel vehicle can continue to operate in the first emission mode.

4. The high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific process for obtaining the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is as follows: Obtain the exhaust emission priority of the diesel vehicle and the exhaust emission priority of each marked diesel vehicle, and compare them. Marked diesel vehicles with an exhaust emission priority higher than that of the diesel vehicle are called secondary marked diesel vehicles. Analyze the exhaust emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle and obtain the pollutant gas concentration in the exhaust gas storage device of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle. Calculate the pollutant gas emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle and add the pollutant gas emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle to obtain the total pollutant gas emission. If the total pollutant gas emission is greater than the capacity of the marked area for pollutant gas, the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is 0; otherwise, it means that the exhaust emission return value of the diesel vehicle is 1.

5. The high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific process for analyzing the exhaust emissions of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle is as follows: Obtain the running time of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle in the marked area, and calculate the remaining storage capacity of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle's exhaust gas storage device based on the storage capacity threshold and exhaust gas storage capacity of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle's exhaust gas storage device. The system acquires the monitoring times for each secondary-marked diesel vehicle, obtains the exhaust gas generation rate of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle based on the exhaust gas generation amount at each monitoring time, calculates the total exhaust gas generation of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle in the marked area based on the exhaust gas generation rate and the running time in the marked area, and calculates the exhaust gas emission of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle based on the total exhaust gas generation of each secondary-marked diesel vehicle in the marked area and the remaining storage capacity of the exhaust gas storage device.

6. The high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific process for analyzing the exhaust emission priorities of various diesel vehicles is as follows: The storage threshold, exhaust gas storage capacity, and exhaust gas generation of each diesel vehicle at each monitoring time are obtained from the database. The monitoring time of each monitoring time is compared with the current time. The monitoring times that are shorter than the current time are called the marked monitoring times. Based on the storage threshold, exhaust gas storage capacity, and exhaust gas generation of each diesel vehicle at each marked monitoring time, the emission coefficient of each diesel vehicle is obtained. The ranking of the emission coefficients of each diesel vehicle is the ranking of the emission priority of each diesel vehicle.

7. The high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data according to claim 2, characterized in that, The capacity of the marked area to hold polluting gases was analyzed, and the specific process is as follows: Obtain the air parameters of the current marked area and the air parameter characteristics of the current marked area. Retrieve the air quality and air parameters of the marked area from the database for each historical monitoring time. At the same time, obtain the air parameter characteristics of the marked area for each historical monitoring time. Based on the air parameter characteristics of the current marked area and the air quality and air parameter characteristics of the marked area for each historical monitoring time, obtain the historical monitoring data for each marked area. The total diesel vehicle exhaust emissions and pollutant concentrations in the exhaust gas within the marked area during the historical monitoring of each marker are obtained from the database. The total amount of pollutant gas emitted into the marked area during the historical monitoring of each marker is calculated. The total amount of pollutant gas emitted into the marked area during the historical monitoring of each marker is compared, and the largest total amount of pollutant gas is selected. The total amount of pollutant gas is then the capacity of the marked area to contain pollutant gas.

8. The high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of the control and assessment unit is as follows: When a diesel vehicle emits exhaust gas, the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas is monitored, and the concentration limits of pollutants are retrieved from the database. The concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas is compared with the concentration limits to determine whether the diesel vehicle's exhaust emissions are up to standard. If they are not up to standard, an early warning is issued. If they are up to standard, monitoring continues. After a preset monitoring period, the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas during each exhaust emission within that monitoring period is obtained to determine whether the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is healthy. If healthy, the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is obtained, and it is determined whether the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is Level 3. If the health level of the diesel vehicle's after-treatment system is Level 3, the diesel vehicle's serial number is retrieved from the database and sent to the manufacturer of the diesel vehicle for recycling and repair.

9. The high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific process for determining whether a diesel vehicle's aftertreatment system is healthy is as follows: The concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas emitted by the diesel vehicle during each emission within the monitoring period is obtained. A pollutant concentration curve is constructed with the emission time of each emission as the x-axis and the pollutant concentration in the exhaust gas as the y-axis. The overall slope of the curve is obtained. If the overall slope of the curve is greater than zero, the diesel vehicle's aftertreatment system is unhealthy. If the overall slope of the curve is less than zero, the diesel vehicle's aftertreatment system is healthy. If the overall slope of the curve is equal to zero, the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas emitted by the diesel vehicle during the monitoring period is obtained and compared with the pollutant concentration limit. If it is lower than the pollutant concentration limit, the diesel vehicle's aftertreatment system is healthy; otherwise, it indicates that the diesel vehicle's aftertreatment system is unhealthy.

10. The high-precision emission and control assessment system for diesel vehicles based on Internet of Things big data according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific process for obtaining the health level of the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system is as follows: When the concentration of pollutants in the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system is high, the slope of each point in the pollutant concentration curve is obtained, and the rate of change of the slope is calculated. Simultaneously, these slopes are compared sequentially from left to right in the pollutant concentration curve. If the slope of each point in the pollutant concentration curve gradually decreases, and the rate of change of the slope is greater than a preset threshold, the health level of the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system is Level 1. If the slope of each point in the pollutant concentration curve gradually decreases, and the rate of change of the slope is less than a preset threshold, the health level of the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system is Level 2. If the slope of each point in the pollutant concentration curve gradually increases or the slope remains unchanged, the health level of the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system is Level 3. The method for obtaining the health level of the diesel vehicle aftertreatment system is also described.

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