Energy-saving heat exchanger with flow splitting structure

Abstract

The application discloses an energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow distribution structure, relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and aims to solve the technical problem of thermal segregation caused by uneven flow distribution in a traditional heat exchanger, comprising a shell, end caps arranged at both ends of the shell, and a plurality of guide plates arranged inside the shell, wherein the interiors of the two end caps are each divided into a flow distribution cavity by a flow distribution plate. The application realizes active flow field regulation of fluid entering each heat exchange pipe by integrating a slow flow mechanism with a movable conical cylinder and a waist-shaped sliding groove. The beneficial effect of the application is that, in the "gathered" state, strong vortexes are generated by the tangential convergence of tangential and axial fluid, significantly enhancing turbulence and mixing, and the application is suitable for working conditions requiring intensified heat exchange or broken bubbles; in the "unfolded" state, a Venturi flow channel is formed, realizing stable delivery with low resistance and high flow rate, and the application is suitable for large-flow efficient operation; and the technical problem that a traditional fixed flow channel heat exchanger is difficult to consider high heat transfer intensity is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, and more specifically, to an energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow splitting structure. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional shell-and-tube heat exchangers have a fixed structure and lack an active flow regulation mechanism. Due to manufacturing tolerances, differences in pipe layout, and natural imbalances in flow resistance among the parallel heat exchange tube bundles, the fluid tends to concentrate on the path of least resistance. This "flow deviation" phenomenon results in some heat exchange tubes having excessively high flow rates and insufficient heat exchange, while others have excessively low flow rates, making them prone to overheating or scaling. As a result, the actual heat exchange efficiency of the entire heat exchanger is far lower than the theoretical design value, causing significant energy waste and reducing the operational reliability and lifespan of the equipment due to localized thermal stress concentration. This technical solution introduces an intelligent distribution system composed of a flow divider and a flow slowing mechanism to fundamentally solve this passive and static distribution problem.

[0003] Existing technologies use fixed geometry for flow channels (both tube-side and shell-side); this "one-size-fits-all" design means that the equipment can only achieve optimal performance near specific design operating points. When system load, fluid flow rate, or medium characteristics change, the fixed flow channel cannot make corresponding adjustments: effective turbulence cannot be maintained at low flow rates, leading to deterioration in heat transfer. Therefore, we propose an energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow-splitting structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow distribution structure to solve the problem of thermal segregation caused by uneven flow distribution in traditional heat exchangers.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow splitting structure, comprising a shell, end caps arranged at both ends of the shell, and a plurality of flow guide plates arranged inside the shell, wherein the interior of each of the two end caps is divided into flow splitting chambers by the flow splitting plates;

[0006] The shell contains several tube bundle process modules, each of which consists of several heat exchange tubes, and each heat exchange tube has a flow slowing mechanism at its inlet end.

[0007] The two shunt cavities on the two end caps are connected through a tube bundle process module;

[0008] Each of the aforementioned flow-slowing mechanisms includes a set of receiving modules and a set of driving modules;

[0009] Any of the receiving modules includes:

[0010] The outer cylinder is connected to the inlet end of the heat exchange tube;

[0011] A flared tube fitted inside the outer cylinder;

[0012] An inner cylinder is fitted onto the end of the horn tube, and an interface gap is formed between the inner cylinder and the horn tube;

[0013] A conical cylinder capable of moving along the axis of the inner cylinder, the conical cylinder being composed of a section of conical cylinder and a section of straight cylinder, the straight cylinder being inserted into the interface gap;

[0014] Several waist-shaped grooves are formed in a ring array on the surface of the straight cylinder;

[0015] When the conical cylinder moves toward the trumpet cylinder, it converges with the trumpet cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the cold fluid can flow from the waist-shaped groove into the straight cylinder at a tangential angle and merge tangentially with the fluid that flows directly into the conical cylinder axially.

[0016] When the conical cylinder moves in the opposite direction to the horn-shaped cylinder, it expands with the horn-shaped cylinder and the inner cylinder to form a Venturi tube channel, which can accelerate the fluid velocity and decelerate the fluid through the gradually expanding structure. This invention achieves active flow field control of the fluid entering each heat exchange tube by integrating a flow-slowing mechanism with a movable conical cylinder and a waist-shaped groove. Its beneficial effects are that, in the "converging" state, strong vortices are generated by the tangential and axial fluid convergence, which significantly enhances turbulence and mixing, and is suitable for working conditions that require enhanced heat exchange or bubble breaking; in the "expanding" state, a Venturi tube flow channel is formed, which realizes stable delivery with low resistance and high flow velocity, and is suitable for high-flow-rate and high-efficiency operation. This fundamentally solves the technical problems of traditional fixed-channel heat exchangers that cannot adapt to changing working conditions and are difficult to balance high heat transfer intensity and low flow resistance, thereby broadening the working condition range of efficient and stable operation of the equipment and improving the overall energy efficiency and adaptability.

[0017] Preferably, cover plates are fixedly connected to both ends of the housing, and the diverter plate is fixedly connected to the cover plates.

[0018] Preferably, two heat insulation plates are sleeved inside the housing between the two end caps, and a plurality of the tube bundle process modules are arranged between the two heat insulation plates.

[0019] Preferably, each of the diversion cavities is provided with a guide cylinder, and a float is slidably fitted inside the guide cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, any one of the receiving modules further includes several limiting hubs, which are located inside the interface gap and fixedly connected between the inner cylinder and the horn cylinder, and the horn cylinder is sleeved in the hole arranged on the cover plate.

[0021] Preferably, the surface of the straight cylinder is provided with a plurality of waist-shaped grooves in a circular array, and the limiting pivot is slidably adapted to the inside of the waist-shaped grooves.

[0022] Preferably, the inner cylinder is connected to a valve body shell with a spherical cavity, and a spherical valve is rotatably mounted inside the valve body shell, with the insertion rod on the spherical valve passing through the valve body shell, the inner cylinder, one of the limiting pivots, and the horn in sequence.

[0023] Preferably, a spiral blade is fixedly connected to the surface of the upper rod of the ball valve, and a propelling blade is rotatably connected inside the ball valve.

[0024] Preferably, any one of the drive modules includes an annular frame, which is located inside the outer cylinder and sealed to the surface of the horn tube. An air pressure groove is integrally arranged on the annular frame, and an air inlet arranged on the outer cylinder is connected to the air pressure groove. A notch is opened on one side of the inner wall of the air pressure groove, and a drive block is sealed and slidably inside the air pressure groove. The drive block moves downward, so that a gap is left between the upper surface of the drive block and the notch.

[0025] Preferably, the upper surface of the drive block is provided with a spiral hole, and the spiral blade is adapted to rotate inside the spiral hole. The annular frame is fixedly connected to the air cylinder in a ring array near the conical cylinder side, and each air cylinder is sealed and slidably adapted to a push rod inside.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. This invention achieves active flow field control of the fluid entering each heat exchange tube by integrating a flow-slowing mechanism with a movable conical cylinder and a waist-shaped chute. Its beneficial effects are that, in the "converging" state, strong vortices are generated by the tangential and axial fluid convergence, significantly enhancing turbulence and mixing, which is suitable for working conditions that require enhanced heat exchange or bubble breaking; in the "unfolding" state, a Venturi tube flow channel is formed, achieving stable delivery with low resistance and high flow velocity, which is suitable for high-flow-rate and high-efficiency operation. This fundamentally solves the technical problems of traditional fixed-channel heat exchangers being unable to adapt to changing working conditions and struggling to balance high heat transfer intensity and low flow resistance, thereby broadening the range of working conditions for efficient and stable operation of the equipment and improving overall energy efficiency and adaptability.

[0028] 2. This invention adaptively distributes fluid to each tube bundle in an optimal ratio, completely solving the problems of "flow deviation" and "thermal segregation" caused by uneven manufacturing, installation, or flow in traditional heat exchangers. This ensures uniform heat load on all heat exchange tubes, improving heat exchange efficiency and equipment reliability. The three switchable operating modes provided by the flow stabilization mechanism 2 (strong vortex flow stabilization, intelligent mixing and throttling, and Venturi low-resistance transport) can be intelligently switched according to flow rate, medium characteristics, and process requirements. The beneficial effect is that this system achieves a leap from "single fixed flow channel" to "multi-modal optimized flow channel," solving the technical problems of traditional heat exchangers that cannot simultaneously achieve high turbulence enhancement and low flow resistance, cannot suppress fluid pulsation, and cannot adapt to various fluid properties (such as high viscosity and gas content) under varying operating conditions, thus broadening the operating range of the equipment for efficient and stable operation.

[0029] 3. The "fluid sensing-flow field shaping" of the slow-flow mechanism and float triggering structure in this invention enables the equipment to not only passively adapt to working conditions, but also actively manage the physical state of the fluid (such as shearing and thinning high-viscosity fluids, breaking up air masses, and scouring the wall surface). It can even generate advanced functions such as fault warning and health management. Ultimately, it fundamentally solves the systemic technical problems of traditional heat exchangers in the face of complex media, extreme working conditions and long-term reliable operation requirements, such as poor adaptability, low level of intelligence and difficulty in continuously optimizing comprehensive energy efficiency. It provides an innovative solution for high-end processes and harsh application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the flow-slowing mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the receiving module of the present invention, illustrating the conical cylinder in its converging and usable state.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the receiving module of the present invention, showing the structure of the conical cylinder in its unfolded and usable state;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the receiving module of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the receiving module of the present invention, to show the converging state structure of the conical cylinder;

[0037] Figure 8This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the receiving module of the present invention, showing the structure of the conical cylinder in its unfolded state;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the conical cylinder of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the horn tube of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the drive module of the present invention.

[0041] The following are the labeling instructions in the diagram: 1. Shell; 11. End cap; 12. Cover plate; 13. Diverter plate; 14. Insulation plate; 15. Tube bundle flow module; 16. Guide plate; 17. Guide cylinder; 18. Float; 2. Flow control mechanism; 21. Receiving module; 211. Outer cylinder; 212. Horn cylinder; 213. Inner cylinder; 214. Limiting hub; 215. Conical cylinder; 2151. Waist-shaped slide groove; 216. Valve body shell; 217. Ball valve; 2171. Spiral blade; 2172. Propeller blade; 22. Drive module; 221. Ring frame; 2211. Air pressure groove; 222. Drive block; 2221. Spiral hole; 223. Air cylinder; 224. Push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0042] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention relates to an energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow splitting structure, comprising a housing 1 and end caps 11 arranged at both ends of the housing 1.

[0043] Specifically, the surface of the housing 1 is provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, as well as a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and the side surface of one of the end caps 11 is provided with a cold flow inlet and a cold flow outlet; the two ends of the housing 1 are respectively fixedly connected with cover plates 12, which can separate the housing 1 and the two end caps 11 into independent cavities; the interior of the two end caps 11 is divided into flow chambers by flow dividers 13, and the flow dividers 13 are fixedly connected to the cover plates 12.

[0044] Inside the casing 1, two heat insulation plates 14 are fitted between two end caps 11. Several tube bundle flow modules 15 are arranged between the two heat insulation plates 14. Each tube bundle flow module 15 includes several heat exchange tubes. The flow distribution chambers on the two end caps 11 are connected through the tube bundle flow modules 15. A flow-slowing mechanism 2 is arranged at the inlet end of each heat exchange tube, and several flow-slowing mechanisms 2 are located between the heat insulation plates 14 and the cover plate 12. Specifically, cold fluid enters through the cold flow inlet of the end cap 11, passes through one of the tube bundle flow modules 15, and enters the other end cap 11, forming a flow path (i.e., fluid flows from one end cap 11 into the other end cap 11, such as...). Figure 1 (A)

[0045] Inside the shell 1, between two heat insulation plates 14, several guide plates 16 are fitted together. The guide plates 16 are used to guide the shell-side fluid, hot fluid, or auxiliary gas to flow along a predetermined path (i.e., Figure 1 (B) Enhance turbulent heat transfer and reduce flow dead zones.

[0046] Each flow distribution chamber is equipped with a guide cylinder 17, and a float 18 is slidably fitted inside the guide cylinder 17. Specifically, when the fluid enters the flow distribution chamber, the float 18 rises in the guide cylinder 17 with the liquid level or flow rate. When the float 18 rises to contact a specific position inside the guide cylinder 17, its position signal is transmitted to the control system, which triggers the valve structure in the corresponding flow control mechanism 2 to open or close. This enables dynamic distribution and adjustment of the fluid entering each heat exchange tube according to the real-time flow status, thereby optimizing heat exchange uniformity and energy efficiency.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the several flow-slowing mechanisms 2 in this embodiment are completely identical in structure and function. Therefore, we will take any one of the flow-slowing mechanisms 2 as an example for specific description, as follows: The flow-slowing mechanism 2 includes a set of receiving modules 21 and a set of driving modules 22.

[0048] Combination Figure 3-10 As shown, in this embodiment, the receiving module 21 includes an outer cylinder 211, which is fixedly connected between the heat insulation plate 14 and the cover plate 12. The outer cylinder 211 is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the heat exchange tube. A horn tube 212 is sleeved inside the outer cylinder 211, and the horn tube 212 is sleeved in a hole arranged on the cover plate 12. An inner cylinder 213 is sleeved at the end of the horn tube 212, and an interface gap is formed between the inner cylinder 213 and the horn tube 212. Several limiting pivots 214 are fixedly connected between the inner cylinder 213 and the horn tube 212. A conical cylinder 215 is slidably adapted to the surface of the inner cylinder 213. The conical cylinder 215 is composed of a section of conical cylinder and a section of straight cylinder. The straight cylinder on 215 is inserted into the interface gap. The surface of the straight cylinder on the conical cylinder 215 is provided with several waist-shaped grooves 2151 in a ring array. The limiting hub 214 slides to fit inside the waist-shaped grooves 2151. The inner cylinder 213 is connected to the valve body shell 216 with a spherical cavity. The ball valve 217 is rotatably sleeved inside the valve body shell 216. The insertion rod on the ball valve 217 passes through the valve body shell 216, the inner cylinder 213, one of the limiting hubs 214 and the horn cylinder 212 in sequence. The surface of the insertion rod on the ball valve 217 is fixedly connected with a spiral blade 2171. The ball valve 217 is rotatably connected with a propellant blade 2172 inside the ball valve 217.

[0049] Specifically, the conical cylinder 215 slides within the interface gap, causing the conical cylinder 215 to converge or expand with the trumpet cylinder 212 and the inner cylinder 213 (i.e., the distance between the conical cylinder 215 and the inner cylinder 213 shortens or increases). When converged and the ball valve 217 is closed, cold fluid flows in from the trumpet cylinder 212. Due to the narrowing gap between the conical cylinder 215 and the trumpet cylinder 212, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel decreases, and the fluid accelerates. Part of the cold fluid flows tangentially from the waist-shaped groove 2151 into the straight cylinder on the conical cylinder 215, while the other part flows axially directly into the interior of the conical cylinder 215. The flow directions of these two fluids are tangential at the inlet of the conical cylinder 215. This creates a strong vortex flow inside the conical cylinder 215, significantly enhancing fluid turbulence, mixing, and momentum exchange. This actively stabilizes the flow, suppresses pulsations, and initially homogenizes the fluid state. Simultaneously, it actively breaks up large air masses entering the heat exchanger tube inlet from the distribution chamber, cutting them into dispersed microbubbles that flow smoothly through the heat exchanger tubes with the liquid, preventing air blockage. This state is particularly suitable for system startup, low flow rates, or conditions requiring enhanced turbulence to improve subsequent heat exchange efficiency. When the fluid converges and the ball valve 217 is open, the cold fluid mainly flows axially into the conical cylinder 215, passes through the open ball valve 217, enters the inner cylinder 213, and then flows into the heat exchanger tubes. During this process, the cold fluid impacts and flows through the propellant plate 2172 inside the ball valve 217. This propellant plate 2172 can adaptively deflect according to the local pressure and velocity differences of the fluid. Its function is to impact, divide, and guide the high-speed core fluid, while simultaneously promoting mixing with the low-speed boundary layer fluid, thereby achieving velocity field homogenization, avoiding uneven heat transfer caused by "piston flow," and precisely throttling the flow through the valve opening to dynamically match the optimal flow rate of the heat exchange tubes, achieving energy efficiency optimization. When the ball valve 217 is in the open state, the straight cylinder on the conical cylinder 215 matches and merges with the inner cylinder 213, causing the conical cylinder 215 and the inner cylinder... A Venturi tube channel is formed within 213 and the bell-shaped tube 212. The cold fluid flows in from the bell-shaped tube 212, passes through the ball valve 217 and the straight tube on the conical tube 215, and finally flows into the heat exchange tube from the conical tube 215. During this process, the gradually narrowing structure of the Venturi tube channel accelerates the fluid and reduces the pressure, while the gradually expanding structure decelerates the fluid and restores the pressure. This pressure difference helps to stabilize the flow rate, eliminate flow pulsation, and enable the fluid to achieve further momentum and energy exchange within the channel, achieving efficient and stable flow and low-resistance transport. At the same time, combined with the opening state of the ball valve 217, precise flow control and energy-saving operation can be achieved under high flow conditions.

[0050] Combination Figure 11As shown, in this embodiment, the drive module 22 includes an annular frame 221, which is located inside the outer cylinder 211 and sealed to the surface of the horn tube 212. An air pressure groove 2211 is integrally arranged on the annular frame 221, and the air inlet arranged on the outer cylinder 211 is connected to the air pressure groove 2211. A notch is opened on one side of the inner wall of the air pressure groove 2211. A drive block 222 is sealed and slidably inside the air pressure groove 2211. The drive block 222 moves downward, so that a gap is left between the upper surface of the drive block 222 and the notch. A spiral hole 2221 is opened on the upper surface of the drive block 222, and the spiral blade 2171 is rotatably adapted to the inside of the spiral hole 2221. An air cylinder 223 is fixedly connected in an annular array on the side of the annular frame 221 near the conical tube 215. A push rod 224 is sealed and slidably adapted inside each air cylinder 223.

[0051] Specifically, during use, gas is filled into the air pressure groove 2211 through the air inlet, causing the drive block 222 to move downward. The downward movement of the drive block 222 is limited by the spiral hole 2221, causing the spiral blade 2171 to drive the ball valve 217 to rotate, thereby opening or closing the ball valve 217. At the same time, when the ball valve 217 is open, a gap is left between the upper surface of the drive block 222 and the notch, and gas flows into the annular frame 221 from the gap, making the several air cylinders 223 in a positive pressure state. The push rod 224 moves, thereby driving the conical cylinder 215 to move.

[0052] This invention adaptively distributes fluid to each tube bundle in an optimal ratio, completely solving the problems of "flow deviation" and "thermal segregation" caused by uneven manufacturing, installation, or flow in traditional heat exchangers. This ensures uniform heat load on all heat exchange tubes, improving heat exchange efficiency and equipment reliability. The three switchable operating modes provided by the flow stabilization mechanism 2 (strong vortex flow stabilization, intelligent mixing and throttling, and Venturi low-resistance transport) can be intelligently switched according to flow rate, medium characteristics, and process requirements. The beneficial effect is that this system achieves a leap from "single fixed flow channel" to "multi-modal optimized flow channel," solving the technical problems of traditional heat exchangers that cannot simultaneously achieve high turbulence enhancement and low flow resistance, cannot suppress fluid pulsation, and cannot adapt to various fluid properties such as high viscosity and gas content under varying operating conditions. This broadens the operating range for efficient and stable equipment operation.

[0053] Working principle: This embodiment provides an energy-saving heat exchanger with a diversion structure. After the cold fluid enters the diversion chamber, the float 18 is driven to rise and fall by buoyancy. Its position signal is received by the control system as real-time feedback of the total flow. The control system then sends a command to the slow flow mechanism 2 at the inlet of each heat exchange tube according to the preset algorithm. The external air supply system sends gas from the air inlet arranged on the surface of the outer cylinder 211 into the interior of the annular frame 221, so that the interior of the pressure groove 2211 is under positive pressure, which can drive the drive block 222 to move. Since the spiral hole 2221 limits the spiral blade 2171, the ball valve 217 with the spiral blade 2171 installed rotates inside the valve body shell 216, which causes the horn 212, the inner cylinder 213 and the limiting hub 214 to connect, allowing the cold fluid to flow.

[0054] Driven by a gas-operated push rod 224, the conical cylinder 215 slides within the interface gap, causing it to converge or expand with the horn-shaped cylinder 212 and the inner cylinder 213. When converged and the ball valve 217 is closed, cold fluid flows in from the horn-shaped cylinder 212. Due to the narrowing gap between the conical cylinder 215 and the horn-shaped cylinder 212, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel decreases, and the fluid accelerates. Part of the cold fluid flows tangentially into the straight section on the conical cylinder 215 from the waist-shaped groove 2151, while the other part flows axially directly into the interior of the conical cylinder 215. The flow directions of these two fluids are tangential at the inlet of the conical cylinder 215, thus forming a strong vortex flow inside the conical cylinder 215, significantly enhancing fluid disturbance, mixing, and momentum exchange. It plays a role in actively stabilizing the flow, suppressing pulsation, and initially homogenizing the fluid state. At the same time, it can actively break up the large air mass entering the heat exchange tube inlet from the diversion cavity, cutting it into dispersed microbubbles, allowing it to pass smoothly through the heat exchange tube with the liquid and avoiding air blockage. This state is particularly suitable for system startup, low flow rate, or conditions where turbulence needs to be enhanced to improve subsequent heat exchange efficiency. Meanwhile, when the ball valve 217 is in the open state, the cold fluid mainly flows into the conical cylinder 215 axially, enters the inner cylinder 213 after passing through the opened ball valve 217, and then flows into the interior of the heat exchange tube. During this process, the cold fluid will impact and flow through the deflector 2172 inside the ball valve 217. The deflector 2172 can adaptively deflect according to the local pressure and velocity differences of the fluid.

[0055] When the conical tube 215, the bell tube 212, and the inner tube 213 are expanded and the ball valve 217 is in the flow state, the straight tube on the conical tube 215 matches and merges with the inner tube 213, causing a Venturi tube channel to be formed in the conical tube 215, the inner tube 213, and the bell tube 212. The cold fluid flows in from the bell tube 212, passes through the ball valve 217 and the straight tube on the conical tube 215, and finally flows into the heat exchange tube from the conical tube 215 on the conical tube 215. During this process, the gradually narrowing structure of the Venturi tube channel accelerates the fluid and reduces the pressure, while the gradually expanding structure decelerates the fluid and restores the pressure. This pressure difference change helps to stabilize the flow rate, eliminate flow pulsation, and enable the fluid to achieve further momentum and energy exchange in the channel, achieving the effect of efficient and stable flow and low-resistance transport.

[0056] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow-dividing structure, comprising a shell (1), end caps (11) arranged at both ends of the shell (1), and a plurality of guide plates (16) arranged inside the shell (1), characterized in that, Both end caps (11) are divided into flow chambers by flow dividers (13); The shell (1) is equipped with several tube bundle process modules (15), each of which consists of several heat exchange tubes, and each heat exchange tube has a flow slowing mechanism (2) at its inlet end. The two shunt cavities on the end caps (11) are connected through the tube bundle process module (15); Each of the slowing mechanisms (2) includes a set of receiving modules (21) and a set of driving modules (22). Any of the receiving modules (21) includes: The outer cylinder (211) is connected to the inlet end of the heat exchange tube. A bell-shaped tube (212) fitted inside the outer tube (211); An inner cylinder (213) is fitted onto the end of the horn tube (212), and an interface gap is formed between the inner cylinder (213) and the horn tube (212); A conical cylinder (215) capable of moving along the axis of the inner cylinder (213), the conical cylinder (215) being composed of a section of conical cylinder and a section of straight cylinder, the straight cylinder being inserted into the interface gap; Several waist-shaped grooves (2151) are formed in a ring array on the surface of the straight cylinder. When the conical cylinder (215) moves toward the horn cylinder (212), it converges with the horn cylinder (212) and the inner cylinder (213), and the cold fluid can flow into the straight cylinder at a tangential angle from the waist-shaped chute (2151) and merge tangentially with the fluid that flows directly into the conical cylinder (215) axially. When the conical cylinder (215) moves in the opposite direction to the horn cylinder (212), it expands with the horn cylinder (212) and the inner cylinder (213) to form a Venturi tube channel, which can accelerate the fluid speed and decelerate the fluid through the gradually expanding structure.

2. The energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow-diverting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is fixedly connected to cover plates (12) at both ends, and the diverter plate (13) is fixedly connected to the cover plates (12).

3. The energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow-diverting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Inside the housing (1), there are two heat insulation plates (14) between two end caps (11), and several of the tube bundle process modules (15) are arranged between the two heat insulation plates (14).

4. The energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow-diverting structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the diversion cavities is provided with a guide cylinder (17), and a float (18) is slidably fitted inside the guide cylinder (17).

5. An energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow-diverting structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the receiving modules (21) further includes several limiting hubs (214), which are located inside the interface gap and fixedly connected between the inner cylinder (213) and the horn cylinder (212), and the horn cylinder (212) is sleeved in the hole arranged on the cover plate (12).

6. An energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow-diverting structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surface of the straight cylinder is provided with several waist-shaped grooves (2151) arranged in a ring array, and the limiting hub (214) slides to fit inside the waist-shaped grooves (2151).

7. An energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow-diverting structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner cylinder (213) is connected to the valve body shell (216) with a spherical cavity. A ball valve (217) is rotatably sleeved inside the valve body shell (216), and the insert rod on the ball valve (217) passes through the valve body shell (216), the inner cylinder (213), one of the limiting hubs (214) and the horn (212) in sequence.

8. An energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow-diverting structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, A spiral blade (2171) is fixedly connected to the surface of the upper rod of the ball valve (217), and a propelling blade (2172) is rotatably connected inside the ball valve (217).

9. An energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow-diverting structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the drive modules (22) includes an annular frame (221), which is located inside the outer cylinder (211) and sealed to the surface of the horn tube (212). An air pressure groove (2211) is integrally arranged on the annular frame (2211), and the air inlet arranged on the outer cylinder (211) is connected to the air pressure groove (2211). A notch is opened on one side of the inner wall of the air pressure groove (2211). A drive block (222) is sealed and slidably inside the air pressure groove (2211). The drive block (222) moves downward, so that a gap is left between the upper surface of the drive block (222) and the notch.

10. An energy-saving heat exchanger with a flow-diverting structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The upper surface of the drive block (222) is provided with a spiral hole (2221), and the spiral blade (2171) is adapted to rotate inside the spiral hole (2221). The ring frame (221) is fixedly connected to the air cylinder (223) in a ring array near the conical cylinder (215). Each air cylinder (223) is sealed and slidably adapted to the push rod (224).

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