Space-adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic-static universal testing machine

Abstract

The application relates to a space-adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic-static universal testing machine, and relates to the technical field of mechanical property testing, which comprises a base, the upper surface of the base is provided with a lifting device, the lifting device comprises a lifting cylinder, a lifting block and a supporting column, the inside of the lifting block is provided with a No.1 hydraulic cylinder, the lower end of the No.1 hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a force sensor, positioning devices symmetrically distributed upwards and downwards are arranged between the base and the force sensor, and the positioning devices comprise hydraulic clamping mechanisms, tensioning mechanisms and automatic alignment mechanisms. Through the cooperative matching of the lifting device, the fixing mechanism, the hydraulic clamping mechanism and the straightening mechanism, the efficient adaptation of the testing machine to workpieces of different sizes and the stable clamping effect are realized, the spacing of the upper and lower positioning devices can be flexibly adjusted, the diversified testing requirements from small test pieces to large workpieces can be adapted, and the limitation of the fixed testing space of the traditional equipment is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical performance testing technology, and in particular to a spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, materials mechanical property testing is a crucial aspect of scientific research and industrial production, especially in aerospace and automotive manufacturing, where the demand for static and dynamic performance testing of materials is increasing. While traditional universal testing machines can meet some testing needs, they have limitations in areas such as test space adjustment and dynamic loading accuracy. With the development of materials science, higher demands are being placed on the multifunctionality, high precision, and flexibility of testing machines. In recent years, electro-hydraulic servo technology has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of testing machines due to its high precision and high response speed. Currently, conventional universal testing machines mainly include three types: mechanical, hydraulic, and electro-hydraulic servo. Mechanical testing machines have a simple structure but limited loading range and accuracy; hydraulic testing machines have a large loading range but a slow dynamic response speed; electro-hydraulic servo testing machines combine the advantages of hydraulic and servo control, possessing high dynamic response accuracy, but the test space of existing electro-hydraulic servo testing machines is fixed, making it difficult to adapt to the testing needs of samples of different sizes. Furthermore, some testing machines achieve space adjustment through mechanical adjustment mechanisms, but the adjustment process is cumbersome and can easily affect testing accuracy. However, the main drawback of existing electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machines is that the test space is fixed or inconvenient to adjust, and cannot flexibly adapt to the testing needs of samples of different sizes. At the same time, the existing space adjustment mechanism is often complex in structure, and errors are easily introduced during the adjustment process, affecting the test accuracy. Furthermore, during dynamic loading, the rigidity and stability of the space adjustment mechanism are insufficient, which may lead to the distortion of test data. To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine, which solves the problems of low adaptability to different workpieces and insufficient testing accuracy of traditional electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machines.

[0004] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic-static universal testing machine, comprising a base, a lifting device provided on the upper surface of the base, the lifting device comprising a lifting cylinder, a lifting block, and a support column, the lower end of the lifting cylinder being fixedly connected to the base, the upper end of the lifting cylinder contacting the lifting block, the support column passing through the interior of the lifting block, the lower end of the support column being fixedly connected to the base, a first hydraulic cylinder being provided inside the lifting block, the lower end of the first hydraulic cylinder being fixedly connected to a force sensor, the base... A positioning device is symmetrically distributed between the seat and the force sensor. The positioning device includes a hydraulic clamping mechanism, a tensioning mechanism, and an automatic alignment mechanism. The hydraulic clamping mechanism includes a limiting shell, a second hydraulic cylinder, a top plate, and wedge-shaped clamping blocks. One end of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the limiting shell, and the end of the second hydraulic cylinder away from the limiting shell is fixedly connected to the top plate. A transverse groove is provided on the upper surface of the top plate. The lower end of the wedge-shaped clamping block is slidably connected to the transverse groove. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped clamping block abuts against the limiting shell. There are two wedge-shaped clamping blocks, which are symmetrically distributed. A tension spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate. The end of the tension spring away from the top plate is fixedly connected to a wedge-shaped clamping block. The tension spring is inclined at an angle of 30°.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, the lifting cylinder raises the lifting block to the required height and then fixes it. Then, the two No. 2 hydraulic cylinders are activated. The No. 2 hydraulic cylinder pushes the top plate, and the top plate drives the wedge-shaped clamping block to rise. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped clamping block abuts against the inner wall of the limiting shell, so it moves horizontally towards each other along the transverse groove. After the two wedge-shaped clamping blocks come close together, they clamp the workpiece. The No. 1 hydraulic cylinder is activated to perform a tension test on the workpiece. The data is transmitted to the background through the force sensor. After the test is completed, the No. 2 hydraulic cylinder releases the force, and the wedge-shaped clamping block is reset under the action of the tension spring.

[0006] Preferably, the lifting block is provided with symmetrically distributed fixing mechanisms, the fixing mechanisms including a third hydraulic cylinder and a clamping block, the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder being fixedly connected to the clamping block, and the other end of the third hydraulic cylinder being fixedly connected to the lifting block.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution and setting a fixing mechanism, when the lifting cylinder pushes the lifting block to the required height, the No. 3 hydraulic cylinder is activated to drive the clamping block to retract, the gap between the clamping block and the lifting block is reduced, and the support column is clamped, thereby locking the height of the lifting block.

[0008] Preferably, the tensioning mechanism includes a first inclined plate, a second inclined plate, and a first bolt. The upper surface of the first inclined plate is fixedly connected to the limiting shell. The first bolt passes through the interior of the first and second inclined plates. The contact surface of the first and second inclined plates is an inclined surface. The first and second inclined plates are fitted together.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution and setting a tensioning mechanism, since the contact surface of the first inclined plate and the second inclined plate is an inclined asymptote, and they are squeezed together by the first bolt, the gap between the two surfaces is tightened and the upper and lower surfaces are pressed together. The tighter the first bolt is screwed, the more stable the first inclined plate and the second inclined plate can be.

[0010] Preferably, the automatic alignment mechanism includes a hollow bolt, an arc-shaped concave sleeve, and an arc-shaped convex sleeve. The upper end of the hollow bolt is threaded to a second inclined plate, and the lower end of the first bolt is threaded to the hollow bolt. The inner wall of the arc-shaped concave sleeve is threaded to the hollow bolt. The arc-shaped convex sleeve is fitted over the arc-shaped concave sleeve, and a 2mm gap is provided between the arc-shaped convex sleeve and the arc-shaped concave sleeve. The concave surface of the arc-shaped concave sleeve fits against the convex surface of the arc-shaped convex sleeve.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution and setting up an automatic alignment mechanism, since the two arc-shaped concave sleeves are clamped and fitted onto the upper and lower convex surfaces of the arc-shaped convex sleeve by hollow bolts, and at the same time, a lifting cylinder with a gap of mm is set between the arc-shaped convex sleeve and the arc-shaped concave sleeve, the arc-shaped concave sleeve can automatically adjust its coaxiality when it is pulled. When the workpiece is pulled, it will adjust by 3-5°, thereby ensuring that the force of the workpiece after being tightened is in a straight line with the upper structure, making the force more uniform and improving the test accuracy.

[0012] Preferably, there are two arc-shaped convex sleeves, which are distributed vertically, and the two arc-shaped convex sleeves are fixedly connected to the base and the force sensor, respectively.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, two symmetrical arc-shaped convex sleeves are set up, which facilitates the installation of the positioning device.

[0014] Preferably, the upper surface of the top plate is provided with a symmetrically distributed straightening mechanism. The straightening mechanism includes rollers, vertical moving blocks, guide rods and abutment blocks. Both ends of the rollers are rotatably connected to the vertical moving blocks. The vertical moving blocks are sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rods. The upper end of the guide rods is slidably connected to the vertical moving blocks. The abutment blocks are inserted into the inside of the wedge-shaped clamps. Both sides of the vertical moving blocks abut against the abutment blocks.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution and setting up a straightening mechanism, when the abutment block follows the wedge-shaped clamping block to approach and clamp the workpiece, the inclined surface of the abutment block pushes the vertical moving block to slide upward. The vertical moving block drives the roller to roll over both sides of the workpiece, thereby initially straightening the verticality of the workpiece and achieving the dual effect of clamping and straightening.

[0016] Preferably, the guide rod is internally threaded with a threaded rod, and a nut is fitted and threaded onto the side surface of the threaded rod. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate, and the interior of the limit plate is rotatably connected to the threaded rod.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution and setting a threaded rod, the guide rod can be pushed to slide horizontally when the threaded rod is rotated, thereby expanding or reducing the distance between the two rollers, and thus adapting to workpieces of different widths.

[0018] Preferably, the upper surface of the top plate is fixedly connected to two symmetrically distributed guide rails, and both sides of the guide rod are in contact with the guide rails.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution and setting two guide rails, the guide rod can slide along the direction of the guide rails, making its sliding more stable.

[0020] (III) Beneficial Effects In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. A space-adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine, through the coordinated operation of a lifting device, a fixing mechanism, a hydraulic clamping mechanism, and a straightening mechanism, achieves efficient adaptation and stable clamping effect for the testing machine and workpieces of different sizes. The lifting device's lifting cylinder can precisely drive the lifting block to rise and fall along the support column, flexibly adjusting the distance between the upper and lower positioning devices to adapt to diverse testing needs from small specimens to large workpieces, solving the limitations of fixed testing space in traditional equipment. The fixing mechanism uses a third hydraulic cylinder to drive the clamping block to clamp the support column, locking the lifting block at the target height. To avoid displacement errors during dynamic loading, the hydraulic clamping mechanism uses a second hydraulic cylinder to push the top plate, causing the wedge-shaped clamping blocks to move towards each other along the transverse groove. Combined with the reset effect of the tension spring, this enables rapid clamping and unloading of the workpiece. The clamping process is stable and the force is controllable. When the wedge-shaped clamping blocks approach the workpiece, the straightening mechanism pushes the vertical moving block through the abutment block, causing the rollers to roll over both sides of the workpiece, completing the initial verticality straightening of the workpiece. At the same time, the threaded rod can adjust the roller spacing to adapt to workpieces of different widths, ensuring clamping stability and laying a precise initial posture foundation for subsequent testing.

[0021] 2. A spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine, through the linkage design of the tensioning mechanism and the automatic alignment mechanism, coupled with the precise data acquisition of the force sensor, effectively avoids errors during the testing process and significantly improves the testing accuracy. In the tensioning mechanism, the first and second inclined plates are squeezed and fitted together by the first bolt, and the asymptotic inclined plate structure is used to eliminate the gap between the contact surfaces, tightening the upper and lower positioning devices to avoid vibration interference caused by gaps during dynamic loading. The automatic alignment mechanism, with the fitting design of the arc-shaped concave sleeve and the arc-shaped convex shell, and the 2mm gap allowance, can automatically adjust 3-5° when the workpiece is pulled, ensuring that the workpiece and the direction of the loading force remain coaxial, forming a linear force state, which solves the data distortion problem caused by force offset in traditional equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic alignment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped convex shell structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the tensioning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning device structure of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Base; 2. Lifting cylinder; 3. Lifting block; 4. Support column; 5. Hydraulic cylinder No. 1; 6. Force sensor; 7. Limiting shell; 8. Hydraulic cylinder No. 2; 9. Top plate; 10. Wedge-shaped clamping block; 11. Tension spring; 12. Hydraulic cylinder No. 3; 13. Clamping block; 14. Inclined plate No. 1; 15. Inclined plate No. 2; 16. Bolt No. 1; 17. Hollow bolt; 18. Arc-shaped concave sleeve; 19. Arc-shaped convex sleeve; 20. Roller; 21. Vertical moving block; 22. Guide rod; 23. Abutment block; 24. Threaded rod; 25. Nut; 26. Limiting plate; 27. Guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 7 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0025] Example: A spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine, referring to... Figure 1The system includes a base 1, with a lifting device on its upper surface. The lifting device includes a lifting cylinder 2, a lifting block 3, and a support column 4. The lower end of the lifting cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the base 1, and the upper end of the lifting cylinder 2 contacts the lifting block 3. The support column 4 passes through the interior of the lifting block 3, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the base 1. A first hydraulic cylinder 5 is installed inside the lifting block 3, and a force sensor 6 is fixedly connected to its lower end. A positioning device symmetrically distributed between the base 1 and the force sensor 6 is provided. The positioning device includes a hydraulic clamping mechanism, a tensioning mechanism, and an automatic alignment mechanism. The hydraulic clamping mechanism includes a limiting shell 7, a second hydraulic cylinder 8, a top plate 9, and a wedge-shaped clamping block 10. One end of the second hydraulic cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to the limiting shell 7, and the end of the second hydraulic cylinder 8 away from the limiting shell 7 is fixedly connected to the top plate 9. A transverse groove is provided on the upper surface of the top plate 9. The lower end of the wedge-shaped clamping block 10 is slidably connected to the transverse groove. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped clamping block 10 abuts against the limiting shell 7. There are two wedge-shaped clamping blocks 10, which are symmetrically distributed. A tension spring 11 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate 9. The end of the tension spring 11 away from the top plate 9 is fixedly connected to the wedge-shaped clamping block 10. The tension spring 11 is inclined at an angle of 30°. After the lifting block 3 is lifted to the required height by the lifting cylinder 2, it is fixed. Then, the two second hydraulic cylinders 8 are activated. The second hydraulic cylinder 8 pushes the top plate 9, and the top plate 9 drives the wedge-shaped clamping block 10 to rise. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped clamping block 10 abuts against the inner wall of the limiting shell 7, so it moves horizontally towards each other along the transverse groove. After the two wedge-shaped clamping blocks 10 come close, they clamp the workpiece. The first hydraulic cylinder 5 is activated to perform a tension test on the workpiece. The data is transmitted to the background through the force sensor 6. After the test, the second hydraulic cylinder 8 releases the force, and the wedge-shaped clamping block 10 is reset under the action of the tension spring 11.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 The lifting block 3 is equipped with symmetrically distributed fixing mechanisms, including a third hydraulic cylinder 12 and a clamping block 13. The output end of the third hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 13, and the other end of the third hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the lifting block 3. By setting the fixing mechanism, when the lifting cylinder 2 pushes the lifting block 3 to the required height, the third hydraulic cylinder 12 is activated to drive the clamping block 13 to retract, the gap between the clamping block 13 and the lifting block 3 is reduced, and the support column 4 is clamped, thereby locking the height of the lifting block 3.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5The tensioning mechanism includes a first inclined plate 14, a second inclined plate 15, and a first bolt 16. The upper surface of the first inclined plate 14 is fixedly connected to the limiting shell 7. The first bolt 16 passes through the interior of the first inclined plate 14 and the second inclined plate 15. The contact surfaces of the first inclined plate 14 and the second inclined plate 15 are inclined surfaces. The first inclined plate 14 and the second inclined plate 15 are fitted together. By setting the tensioning mechanism, since the contact surfaces of the first inclined plate 14 and the second inclined plate 15 are inclined asymptotes, and are pressed together by the first bolt 16, the gap between the two surfaces is closed, and the upper and lower surfaces are tightened. The tighter the first bolt 16 is screwed, the more stable the first inclined plate 14 and the second inclined plate 15 can be fitted together.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The automatic alignment mechanism includes a hollow bolt 17, an arc-shaped concave sleeve 18, and an arc-shaped convex sleeve 19. The upper end of the hollow bolt 17 is threadedly connected to the second inclined plate 15, and the lower end of the first bolt 16 is threadedly connected to the hollow bolt 17. The inner wall of the arc-shaped concave sleeve 18 is threadedly connected to the hollow bolt 17. The arc-shaped convex sleeve 19 is fitted over the arc-shaped concave sleeve 18, with a 2mm gap between them. The concave surface of the arc-shaped concave sleeve 18 fits against the convex surface of the arc-shaped convex sleeve 19. By setting up the automatic alignment mechanism, the two arc-shaped concave sleeves 18 are aligned by the hollow bolt 17. The limiting clamp fits against the upper and lower convex surfaces of the arc-shaped convex sleeve 19. At the same time, a 2mm gap is provided between the arc-shaped convex sleeve 19 and the arc-shaped concave sleeve 18, so that the arc-shaped concave sleeve 18 can automatically adjust its coaxiality when it is pulled. When the workpiece is pulled, it will adjust by 3-5°, thereby ensuring that the workpiece is in a straight line with the upper structure after being tightened, making the force more uniform and improving the test accuracy. There are two arc-shaped convex sleeves 19, which are distributed vertically. The two arc-shaped convex sleeves 19 are fixedly connected to the base 1 and the force sensor 6, respectively. By setting two symmetrical arc-shaped convex sleeves 19, the installation of the positioning device is facilitated.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The upper surface of the top plate 9 is provided with a symmetrically distributed straightening mechanism. The straightening mechanism includes a roller 20, a vertical moving block 21, a guide rod 22 and an abutment block 23. Both ends of the roller 20 are rotatably connected to the vertical moving block 21. The vertical moving block 21 is sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod 22. The upper end of the guide rod 22 is slidably connected to the vertical moving block 21. The abutment block 23 is inserted into the wedge-shaped clamp 10. Both sides of the vertical moving block 21 abut against the abutment block 23. By setting a straightening mechanism, when the abutment block 23 follows the wedge-shaped clamping block 10 close to the workpiece, the inclined surface of the abutment block 23 pushes the vertical moving block 21 to slide upward. The vertical moving block 21 drives the rollers 20 to roll over both sides of the workpiece, thereby initially straightening the perpendicularity of the workpiece and achieving the dual effect of clamping and straightening. The guide rod 22 is internally threaded with a threaded rod 24, and a nut 25 is fitted and threaded onto the side surface of the threaded rod 24. A limit plate 26 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate 9, and the interior of the limit plate 26 is rotatably connected to the threaded rod 24. By setting the threaded rod 24, rotating the threaded rod 24 can push the guide rod 22 to slide horizontally, thereby expanding or reducing the distance between the two rollers 20, thus adapting to workpieces of different widths. Two symmetrically distributed guide rails 27 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate 9, and both sides of the guide rod 22 are in contact with the guide rails 27. By setting two guide rails 27, the guide rod 22 can slide along the direction of the guide rails 27, making its sliding more stable.

[0030] The implementation principle of this invention is as follows: Before testing, the test space needs to be adjusted according to the workpiece size. The lifting cylinder 2 in the lifting device is started, and its lower end is fixed to the base 1. The upper end pushes the lifting block 3 to move upward along the support column 4 passing through the inside of the lifting block 3 until the lifting block 3 reaches the target height that matches the length of the workpiece. Then, the fixing mechanism symmetrically distributed on the lifting block 3 is started. The output end of the third hydraulic cylinder 12 of the fixing mechanism drives the clamping block 13 to retract, so that the gap between the clamping block 13 and the lifting block 3 is reduced, and the support column 4 is tightly clamped, thereby locking and fixing the height of the lifting block 3 to avoid displacement during the test.

[0031] The workpiece is then placed between the upper and lower hydraulic clamping mechanisms. The second hydraulic cylinder 8 of the hydraulic clamping mechanism is activated, with one end fixed to the limiting housing 7 and the other end pushing the top plate 9 upwards. The transverse groove on the upper surface of the top plate 9 causes the wedge-shaped clamping blocks 10 to slide. The inclined surfaces of the wedge-shaped clamping blocks 10 abut against the limiting housing 7 and move horizontally towards each other along the transverse groove. After the two wedge-shaped clamping blocks 10 approach each other, they clamp the workpiece. A tension spring 11, inclined at 30° on the upper surface of the top plate 9, is fixed at one end to the top plate 9 and connected to the wedge-shaped clamping blocks 10 at the other end, providing power for subsequent resetting. During the clamping process, the straightening mechanism works synchronously. The abutment block 23, which is inserted inside the wedge-shaped clamping block 10, moves with the wedge-shaped clamping block 10. Its inclined surface pushes the vertical moving block 21 to slide upward along the guide rod 22. The rollers 20, which are rotatably connected at both ends of the vertical moving block 21, roll over both sides of the workpiece to achieve initial straightening of the workpiece's verticality. If the workpiece width is different, the threaded rod 24 inside the limiting plate 26 can be rotated. The threaded rod 24 is threadedly connected to the guide rod 22, which drives the guide rod 22 to slide horizontally along the guide rail 27 on the top plate 9. The distance between the two rollers 20 is adjusted to fit the workpiece.

[0032] During the testing phase, hydraulic cylinder 5 is activated to perform a tensioning test on the workpiece. When the workpiece is pulled, the arc-shaped concave sleeve 18 of the automatic alignment mechanism automatically adjusts 3-5° within a 2mm gap range to ensure that the workpiece and the upper structure are in a straight force state. Force sensor 6 collects the loading force data in real time and transmits it to the background. After the test, hydraulic cylinder 5 stops loading, hydraulic cylinder 8 unloads the force, wedge clamp 10 resets and releases the workpiece under the action of tension spring 11, hydraulic cylinder 12 drives clamp 13 to reset, and lifting cylinder 2 retracts to drive lifting block 3 back to the initial position, completing one test process.

[0033] The embodiments described in the specific implementations of this invention are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A lifting device is provided on the upper surface of the base (1). The lifting device includes a lifting cylinder (2), a lifting block (3), and a support column (4). The lower end of the lifting cylinder (2) is fixedly connected to the base (1), and the upper end of the lifting cylinder (2) is in contact with the lifting block (3). The support column (4) passes through the interior of the lifting block (3), and the lower end of the support column (4) is fixedly connected to the base (1). A first hydraulic cylinder (5) is provided inside the lifting block (3). A force sensor (6) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first hydraulic cylinder (5). A symmetrically distributed positioning device is provided between the base (1) and the force sensor (6). The positioning device includes a hydraulic clamping mechanism, a tensioning mechanism and an automatic alignment mechanism. The hydraulic clamping mechanism includes a limiting shell (7), a second hydraulic cylinder (8), a top plate (9) and a wedge-shaped clamping block (10). One end of the second hydraulic cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to the limiting shell (7), and the end of the second hydraulic cylinder (8) away from the limiting shell (7) is fixedly connected to the top plate (9). The upper surface of the top plate (9) is provided with a transverse groove. The lower end of the wedge-shaped clamping block (10) is slidably connected to the transverse groove. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped clamping block (10) abuts against the limiting shell (7). There are two wedge-shaped clamping blocks (10) and they are symmetrically distributed. A tension spring (11) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate (9). The end of the tension spring (11) away from the top plate (9) is fixedly connected to the wedge-shaped clamp (10). The tension spring (11) is inclined with an inclination angle of 30°.

2. The spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting block (3) is provided with symmetrically distributed fixing mechanisms, which include a third hydraulic cylinder (12) and a clamping block (13). The output end of the third hydraulic cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the clamping block (13), and the other end of the third hydraulic cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the lifting block (3).

3. The spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning mechanism includes a first inclined plate (14), a second inclined plate (15), and a first bolt (16). The upper surface of the first inclined plate (14) is fixedly connected to the limiting shell (7). The first bolt (16) passes through the interior of the first inclined plate (14) and the second inclined plate (15). The contact surface of the first inclined plate (14) and the second inclined plate (15) is an inclined surface. The first inclined plate (14) and the second inclined plate (15) are fitted together.

4. The spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The automatic alignment mechanism includes a hollow bolt (17), an arc-shaped concave sleeve (18), and an arc-shaped convex sleeve (19). The upper end of the hollow bolt (17) is threaded to the second inclined plate (15), and the lower end of the first bolt (16) is threaded to the hollow bolt (17). The inner wall of the arc-shaped concave sleeve (18) is threaded to the hollow bolt (17). The arc-shaped convex sleeve (19) is fitted on the outside of the arc-shaped concave sleeve (18). A lifting cylinder (2) mm gap is provided between the arc-shaped convex sleeve (19) and the arc-shaped concave sleeve (18). The concave surface of the arc-shaped concave sleeve (18) fits against the convex surface of the arc-shaped convex sleeve (19).

5. The spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two arc-shaped convex shells (19) distributed vertically, and the two arc-shaped convex shells (19) are fixedly connected to the base (1) and the force sensor (6) respectively.

6. The spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate (9) is provided with a symmetrically distributed straightening mechanism. The straightening mechanism includes a roller (20), a vertical moving block (21), a guide rod (22), and an abutment block (23). Both ends of the roller (20) are rotatably connected to the vertical moving block (21). The vertical moving block (21) is sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod (22). The upper end of the guide rod (22) is slidably connected to the vertical moving block (21). The abutment block (23) is inserted inside the wedge-shaped clamp (10). Both sides of the vertical moving block (21) abut against the abutment block (23).

7. The spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide rod (22) is internally threaded with a threaded rod (24), and a nut (25) is fitted and threaded onto the side surface of the threaded rod (24). A limiting plate (26) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate (9), and the interior of the limiting plate (26) is rotatably connected to the threaded rod (24).

8. The spatially adjustable electro-hydraulic servo dynamic and static universal testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top plate (9) has two symmetrically distributed guide rails (27) fixedly connected to its upper surface, and both sides of the guide rod (22) are in contact with the guide rails (27).

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