A three-dimensional design system for overhead power transmission lines

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of computer-aided design, in particular to a kind of three-dimensional design system of overhead transmission line, the system can realize the following steps by the mutual cooperation between multiple modules: construct the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each to-be-designed tower leg;Determine the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to to-be-designed tower leg;Determine the foundation pit solid model of to-be-designed tower leg under the candidate long-short leg configuration scheme;Construct three-dimensional terrain solid model, and determine the excavation amount prediction value of each to-be-designed tower leg under each candidate long-short leg configuration scheme;Filter out target long-short leg configuration scheme, and the excavation amount prediction value of to-be-designed tower leg under target long-short leg configuration scheme is determined as target excavation amount, wherein target excavation amount represents earthwork estimation.The present application improves the rationality of long-short leg configuration and earthwork estimation to a certain extent by objectively quantifying slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of computer-aided design technology, and more specifically to a three-dimensional design system for overhead power transmission lines. Background Technology

[0002] Overhead transmission line projects typically traverse mountainous terrain with complex topography, posing significant challenges to tower foundation design in adapting to micro-topography. In conventional design processes, although the center pile location is determined, the four legs of the same tower often sit on micro-topographic units with vastly different elevations and varied surface morphologies. Existing design methods often rely on two-dimensional cross-sectional views or low-precision digital elevation models (DEMs), which can only reflect the macroscopic topographic undulations along the line centerline and often fail to provide a detailed description of the local surface fragmentation characteristics at each tower leg.

[0003] When designers calculate the length and width of the slope and estimate earthwork, they typically assume a uniform slope at the tower site and use a single empirical slope coefficient. However, in actual engineering, the more fractured and rugged the surface (e.g., a heavily weathered and eroded ridge or a loose deposit area), the stronger the heterogeneity of the soil and rock mass, and the worse the slope stability during construction excavation. To prevent slope collapse during construction, on-site construction often requires a gentler slope angle than the design value, which often results in the actual excavation volume being far greater than the design estimate. This implicit deviation in engineering quantities caused by ignoring the microscopic ruggedness of the surface not only leads to poor accuracy in estimating earthwork quantities but also often results in poor rationality of the length and width of the slope configuration, leading to frequent design changes during on-site construction and seriously affecting the economy and safety of the project. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems of poor rationality in the configuration of long and short legs and earthwork estimation, this invention proposes a three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines, the system comprising: The point cloud block construction module is used to construct the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed based on the center position of each tower leg to be designed on the overhead transmission line in the mountainous area and the preset standard width of the foundation plate. The dual-index determination module is used to determine the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient for each tower leg to be designed based on the elevation distribution of ground points within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed. The model determination module is used to determine the foundation pit entity model of each leg of the tower to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme based on the slope angle correction value and each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme of the pre-generated tower to be designed. The construction and determination module is used to construct a three-dimensional terrain entity model and, based on the foundation pit entity model and the three-dimensional terrain entity model, determine the predicted excavation volume of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme. The filtering and determination module is used to filter out the target long and short leg configuration scheme from all candidate long and short leg configuration schemes based on the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to the tower leg to be designed and its excavation volume prediction value under the candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and determine the excavation volume prediction value of the tower leg to be designed under the target long and short leg configuration scheme as the target excavation volume.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, the step of constructing a local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed based on the center position of each tower leg to be designed on the overhead transmission line in the mountainous area and the preset standard width of the foundation plate includes: Any one of the tower legs to be designed is identified as the marked tower leg, and the global point cloud corresponding to the overhead transmission line in the mountainous area is obtained. Based on the preset standard width of the foundation plate and the construction reserved width, a target sampling radius is set, and a cylinder is constructed with the center position of the marked tower leg as the center point and the target sampling radius as the radius, which serves as the marking cylinder; Points belonging to the marked cylinder are selected from the global point cloud to form the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg; Vegetation points and ground points are identified from the initial local point cloud blocks corresponding to the marked tower legs; Delete vegetation points in the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg, retain ground points in the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg, update the initial local point cloud block, and record the updated initial local point cloud block as the local terrain point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, identifying vegetation points and ground points from the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg includes: The initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg is flipped. The cloth simulation filtering algorithm is used to simulate the cloth covering the surface of the initial local point cloud block after the point cloud flip, and to simulate the falling process of the cloth under the action of gravity. The final position of the cloth is recorded as the ground point, and the protruding points that fail to contact the cloth are recorded as vegetation points.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, determining the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient for each tower leg to be designed, based on the elevation distribution of ground points within the local topographic point cloud corresponding to each tower leg to be designed, includes: Any one of the tower legs to be designed is identified as the marked tower leg, and the least squares method is performed on the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg to construct the local reference plane corresponding to the marked tower leg. Based on the local reference plane corresponding to the marked tower leg, the fitted elevation of each ground point within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg is obtained; Based on the fitted elevation of the ground points within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg, the target sub-grid set corresponding to the marked tower leg and the recursion depth of each target sub-grid within it are determined through recursive splitting. The terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the marker tower leg is determined based on the sum of the areas of all target subgrids in the target subgrid set corresponding to the marker tower leg, as well as the area and recursion depth of each target subgrid in the target subgrid set corresponding to the marker tower leg. Based on the pre-obtained benchmark slope angle and regional sensitivity coefficient, as well as the terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the marked tower leg, the slope angle correction value corresponding to the marked tower leg is determined; Based on the pre-obtained construction efficiency reduction factor and the terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the marked tower leg, the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to the marked tower leg is determined.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, the step of determining the target sub-grid set corresponding to the marked tower leg and the recursive depth of each target sub-grid within it through recursive splitting, based on the fitted elevation of the ground points within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg, includes: Project the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg onto the horizontal plane to construct an initial two-dimensional root node mesh covering its planar range; Based on the difference between the actual elevation and the fitted elevation of each ground point in the grid to be segmented, the degree of terrain undulation corresponding to the grid to be segmented is determined. The grid to be segmented is the initial two-dimensional root node grid or the grid obtained from the previous split. If the terrain undulation of the grid to be segmented is greater than the preset undulation threshold, and the number of splits of the grid to be segmented is less than the preset split limit, then the grid to be segmented is divided into four sub-grids to achieve the splitting of the grid to be segmented. If the terrain undulation degree corresponding to the grid to be segmented is less than or equal to the preset undulation threshold, or the number of splits corresponding to the grid to be segmented reaches the preset split limit, then the splitting of the grid to be segmented is stopped. Each sub-mesh obtained from the final split is determined as the target sub-mesh, and the number of splits of each target sub-mesh is determined as the recursion depth of each target sub-mesh; All target sub-mesh are combined to form the target sub-mesh set corresponding to the marked tower leg.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, determining the foundation pit entity model for each leg of the tower to be designed under each candidate long / short leg configuration scheme, based on the slope angle correction value and each pre-generated candidate long / short leg configuration scheme of the tower to be designed, includes: Based on the preset length adjustment value set, multiple initial long and short leg configuration schemes are generated through repeatable permutation. The preset length adjustment values ​​in the preset length adjustment value set are candidate length adjustment values ​​for the tower legs to be designed. Based on all initial long and short leg configuration schemes, determine the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes and their corresponding foundation top surface elevations; Based on the length adjustment value of each tower leg to be designed in each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, the foundation top surface elevation corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and the pre-obtained foundation design burial depth, construct the three-dimensional center coordinates of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme; Determine the bottom dimensions based on the pre-set standard width of the foundation slab and the width reserved for construction; Based on the bottom dimensions, the three-dimensional center coordinates of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and the slope angle correction value corresponding to each tower leg to be designed, a foundation pit solid model of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme is constructed.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, determining candidate long / short leg configuration schemes and their corresponding foundation top surface elevations based on all initial long / short leg configuration schemes includes: Any initial long and short leg configuration scheme is determined as the marked long and short leg configuration scheme. Based on the length adjustment values ​​of the four tower legs to be designed in the marked long and short leg configuration scheme and the preset allowable range of exposed foundation height, a set of inequalities corresponding to the marked long and short leg configuration scheme is constructed. Solve the system of inequalities corresponding to the long and short leg configuration scheme to obtain the solution set interval corresponding to the long and short leg configuration scheme. If the solution set interval corresponding to the marked long and short leg configuration scheme is not empty, then the marked long and short leg configuration scheme is determined as a candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and the maximum value of the solution set interval corresponding to the marked long and short leg configuration scheme is determined as the foundation top surface elevation corresponding to the marked long and short leg configuration scheme, thereby obtaining the foundation top surface elevation corresponding to the candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, the construction of the three-dimensional terrain entity model includes: Based on the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed, the local irregular triangular mesh surface corresponding to each tower leg to be designed is constructed through Deloitte triangulation. Based on the basic top surface elevation corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, construct the auxiliary horizontal plane corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme; The boundary of the local irregular triangular mesh surface corresponding to each tower leg to be designed is vertically projected downwards onto the auxiliary horizontal plane corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and the side and bottom surfaces are constructed to obtain the three-dimensional terrain solid model of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, determining the predicted excavation volume for each leg to be designed under each candidate long / short leg configuration based on the foundation pit entity model and the three-dimensional terrain entity model includes: Based on the Boolean intersection operation between the foundation pit entity model and the 3D terrain entity model of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, the predicted excavation volume of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme is obtained.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, the step of selecting the target long / short leg configuration scheme from all candidate long / short leg configuration schemes based on the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to the tower leg to be designed and its predicted excavation volume under the candidate long / short leg configuration schemes includes: Based on the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to each tower leg to be designed and the pre-obtained benchmark unit price of construction difficulty, determine the target comprehensive unit price corresponding to each tower leg to be designed; Based on the target comprehensive unit price of all tower legs to be designed and the predicted excavation volume under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, determine the total earthwork operation cost corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme. Based on the pre-obtained concrete volume and steel reinforcement weight of each tower leg to be designed in each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, as well as the pre-obtained concrete unit price and steel reinforcement unit price, determine the basic material cost corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme; Based on the total earthwork cost and foundation material cost corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, determine the estimated comprehensive construction cost for each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme. From all candidate long / short leg configuration schemes, the candidate long / short leg configuration scheme with the lowest corresponding comprehensive construction cost estimate is selected as the target long / short leg configuration scheme.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides a three-dimensional design method for overhead transmission lines implemented by a three-dimensional design system, the method comprising: Based on the center position of each tower leg to be designed on the overhead transmission line in the mountainous area, and the preset standard width of the foundation plate, construct the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed; Based on the elevation distribution of ground points within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed, determine the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to each tower leg to be designed; Based on the slope angle correction value and each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme of the tower to be designed in advance, determine the foundation pit entity model of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme; Construct a three-dimensional terrain entity model, and based on the foundation pit entity model and the three-dimensional terrain entity model, determine the predicted excavation volume of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme; Based on the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to the tower leg to be designed and its excavation volume prediction under the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes, the target long and short leg configuration scheme is selected from all the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes, and the excavation volume prediction of the tower leg to be designed under the target long and short leg configuration scheme is determined as the target excavation volume.

[0016] Thirdly, a server is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory is used to store executable program code, and the processor is used to call and run the executable program code from the memory, causing the device to execute the aforementioned three-dimensional design method for overhead transmission lines.

[0017] Fourthly, a computer program product is provided, comprising: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the aforementioned three-dimensional design method for overhead transmission lines.

[0018] Fifthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer program code that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the aforementioned three-dimensional design method for overhead transmission lines.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines. By objectively quantifying the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient, it solves the technical problem of poor rationality in long / short leg configuration and earthwork estimation, thus improving the rationality of these configurations to a certain extent. Specifically, based on the elevation distribution of ground points within the local topographic point cloud corresponding to each tower leg to be designed, this invention quantifies the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient for each tower leg. Furthermore, based on the foundation pit entity model and the three-dimensional terrain entity model, it quantifies the predicted excavation volume representing earthwork estimation for each tower leg under each candidate long / short leg configuration scheme. This allows for the selection of a target long / short leg configuration scheme from all candidate schemes, and the predicted excavation volume of the tower leg under the target scheme is determined as the target excavation volume representing the final earthwork estimation, thereby improving the rationality of long / short leg configuration and earthwork estimation to a certain extent. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional design system for an overhead transmission line according to the present invention; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a three-dimensional design method for overhead transmission lines according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the technical solution proposed according to the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0024] refer to Figure 1A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional design system for an overhead transmission line according to the present invention is shown. The three-dimensional design system for the overhead transmission line includes: The point cloud block construction module 101 is used to construct the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed based on the center position of each tower leg to be designed on the overhead transmission line in the mountainous area and the preset standard width of the foundation plate.

[0025] Among them, mountainous overhead transmission lines can be power transmission lines built in mountainous areas with large elevation differences and complex terrain, consisting of cables, towers, insulators, etc. The base tower to be designed can be the base tower to be designed. The base tower can be a tower structure supporting the transmission conductors, which often has four legs. The tower leg to be designed can be the leg that constitutes the base tower. The tower leg can represent the supporting unit connecting the base tower's bottom to the ground foundation. The preset standard width of the foundation slab can be the standard width of the foundation slab pre-set according to the actual situation, representing the side length of the square base of the cement pier (foundation) buried in the ground. In simple terms: the tower leg often cannot be directly inserted into the ground; a pit must first be dug, a cement base poured, and then the tower leg welded to the base. This base is a square pier, and its side length is the standard width of the foundation slab.

[0026] As an example, constructing the local topographic point cloud for each tower leg to be designed may include the following steps: The first step is to designate any one of the tower legs to be designed as the marked tower leg and obtain the global point cloud corresponding to the overhead transmission line in the mountainous area.

[0027] The global point cloud corresponding to the overhead transmission line in the mountainous area can be all three-dimensional point cloud data within the entire transmission line corridor, which can be obtained through airborne lidar scanning. The transmission line corridor can include a range of preset widths covering both sides of the line centerline. The preset width can be a width pre-set according to the actual situation, and its value can be between 50 and 100 meters, for example, the preset width can be 100 meters.

[0028] For example, a drone equipped with a lidar device can fly along the power transmission line corridor to scan, covering 100 meters on both sides of the centerline of the line. All the point cloud data obtained from the scan can then form a global point cloud.

[0029] The second step involves setting the target sampling radius based on the preset standard width of the foundation slab and the construction allowance. Using the center point of the marked tower leg as the center point and the target sampling radius as the radius, a cylinder is constructed. This marked cylinder may include the following sub-steps: The first sub-step involves setting the target sampling radius based on the preset standard width of the foundation slab and the reserved width for construction.

[0030] The construction allowance width can be determined manually based on geological conditions and foundation depth; for example, a construction allowance width of 3 meters can be used. Specifically, if the soil quality is good, slope excavation is often unnecessary, allowing for straight-wall excavation. In this case, the construction allowance width can often be smaller, such as 1.5 meters. If the soil quality is poor, a large slope is often required, resulting in a large pit opening. In this case, the construction allowance width can often be larger, such as 3 meters or even more.

[0031] For example, the formula for determining the target sampling radius can be: ; in, R It is the target sampling radius. B It is the preset standard width of the base plate. It is the width reserved for construction. It is the maximum design burial depth set in advance based on the actual situation, for example, it can be 60 meters. It is the cotangent function. It is a lower limit of the slope angle that is set in advance based on the actual situation, such as 20°.

[0032] It should be noted that, It can represent half the dimensions of the bottom of the foundation pit. It can represent half of the maximum size of the top surface of the foundation pit. The size of the top surface of the foundation pit is often larger than that of the bottom surface. In order to make the marked cylinder completely cover the foundation pit as much as possible, half of the maximum size of the top surface of the foundation pit can be used as the target sampling radius.

[0033] The second sub-step involves constructing a cylinder, using the center position of the aforementioned marker tower leg as the center point and the aforementioned target sampling radius as the radius, as the marker cylinder.

[0034] Among them, the i The coordinates of the center position of each tower leg to be designed can be used as follows: , ) characterization. It is the first i The x-coordinate of the center position of each tower leg to be designed. It is the first i The ordinate of the center position of each tower leg to be designed. i These are the serial numbers of the tower legs to be designed. , The coordinates of the tower site can be in a local Cartesian coordinate system on the ground, with the center of the tower site as the origin, the perpendicular direction of the railway line as the horizontal axis, and the direction of the railway line as the vertical axis. The center of the tower site can be the projection of the geometric center of the tower (the intersection of the lines connecting the centers of the four tower legs) onto the ground. The coordinates of the center of the tower site can be expressed using (…). , ) characterization. and These are the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of the center of the tower site to be designed, respectively.

[0035] For example, a cylinder can be constructed with the center of the marker tower leg as the center point and the target sampling radius as the radius. This cylinder can be used as a marker cylinder, and its height can be extended indefinitely. The main purpose is to filter out all points in the vertical direction around the marker tower leg to form the initial local point cloud blocks for subsequent use.

[0036] The third step is to select points belonging to the marked cylinder from the global point cloud to form the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg.

[0037] The fourth step is to identify vegetation points and ground points from the initial local point cloud blocks corresponding to the marked tower legs.

[0038] For example, the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg can be flipped. The Cloth Simulation Filter (CSF) algorithm can be used to simulate the cloth covering the surface of the initial local point cloud block after the point cloud flip, and to simulate the falling process of the cloth under the action of gravity. The final position of the cloth is recorded as the ground point, and the protruding points that fail to contact the cloth are recorded as vegetation points.

[0039] Fifth step: Delete the vegetation points in the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg, retain the ground points in the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg, update the initial local point cloud block, and record the updated initial local point cloud block as the local terrain point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg.

[0040] It should be noted that removing points marked as vegetation and generating pure local topographic point clouds can, to some extent, facilitate subsequent analysis of surface geometry.

[0041] The dual-index determination module 102 is used to determine the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient for each tower leg to be designed based on the elevation distribution of ground points within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed.

[0042] As an example, determining the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction factor for each tower leg to be designed may include the following steps: The first step is to designate any one of the tower legs of the aforementioned base tower as the marker tower leg, and then perform least squares fitting on the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marker tower leg to construct the local reference plane corresponding to the marker tower leg.

[0043] For example, the equation corresponding to the local reference plane of the marker tower leg can be: ; in, The coordinates are ( x , y The fitted elevation corresponding to the ground point is represented by the fitted value of altitude. x and y These are the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of the ground point, respectively. a , b and c These are the fitting coefficients.

[0044] The second step is to obtain the fitted elevation of each ground point within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg, based on the local reference plane corresponding to the marked tower leg.

[0045] The third step involves determining the target subgrid set corresponding to the marked tower leg and the recursion depth of each target subgrid within it through recursive splitting, based on the fitted elevation of the ground points within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg.

[0046] Recursive splitting can be achieved using a grid subdivision algorithm based on a quadtree structure.

[0047] For example, determining the set of target sub-grids corresponding to the marked tower legs and the recursion depth of each target sub-grid within them may include the following sub-steps: The first sub-step involves projecting the local terrain point cloud blocks corresponding to the marked tower legs onto the horizontal plane to construct an initial two-dimensional root node mesh covering its planar range.

[0048] The second sub-step involves determining the degree of terrain undulation corresponding to the grid to be segmented based on the difference between the actual elevation and the fitted elevation of each ground point within the grid to be segmented.

[0049] The actual elevation represents the true altitude and can be obtained using an airborne lidar system. The mesh to be segmented can be either the initial two-dimensional root node mesh or the mesh obtained from the previous split.

[0050] It should be noted that the mesh to be divided in the first split can be the initial two-dimensional root node mesh, and the mesh to be divided in each subsequent split can be the mesh obtained from the previous split.

[0051] For example, the formula for determining the degree of terrain undulation corresponding to the grid to be segmented can be: ; in, It represents the degree of terrain undulation corresponding to the grid to be segmented.M This represents the number of ground points within the grid to be segmented. j It is the index of the ground point within the grid to be segmented. It is the first in the grid to be segmented j The actual elevation corresponding to each ground point. It is the first in the grid to be segmented j The fitted elevations corresponding to each ground point.

[0052] It should be noted that, This reflects the flatness of the surface within the grid to be segmented; a larger value generally indicates more dramatic surface undulations and a more fragmented terrain. Secondly, if... M A value of 0 usually indicates that the grid to be segmented represents filtered-out vegetation, and there are often no ground point residues. It can be determined that the grid to be segmented does not have surface features, and can be directly set to 0. A value of 0 indicates that the splitting process has stopped.

[0053] In the third sub-step, if the terrain undulation degree corresponding to the grid to be segmented is greater than the preset undulation threshold and the number of splits corresponding to the grid to be segmented is less than the preset split upper limit, then it is determined that the grid to be segmented does not meet the flatness assumption, and the grid to be segmented is divided into four sub-grids to realize the splitting of the grid to be segmented. The areas of these four sub-grids can be the same.

[0054] The preset fluctuation threshold can be a threshold set in advance based on the actual situation, such as 0.2 meters. The preset splitting upper limit can be the maximum number of splits set in advance based on the actual situation, such as 4.

[0055] The number of splits for the mesh to be divided can be the number of splits required to obtain the mesh. For example, the initial 2D root node mesh is the initial mesh, which is obtained directly without splitting. Therefore, the number of splits for the initial 2D root node mesh can be 0. Splitting the initial 2D root node mesh yields four sub-mesh meshes, and the number of splits for these four sub-mesh meshes can be 1. Any sub-mesh with a split count of 1 is designated as a temporary mesh. Splitting the temporary mesh yields four sub-mesh meshes, and the number of splits for these four newly obtained sub-mesh meshes can be 2. And so on, the number of splits for all sub-mesh meshes can be obtained.

[0056] The fourth sub-step is to stop splitting the grid if the terrain undulation degree corresponding to the grid to be segmented is less than or equal to the preset undulation threshold, or if the number of splits corresponding to the grid to be segmented reaches the preset split limit.

[0057] It should be noted that the adaptive splitting process based on terrain undulation and the number of splits in the third and fourth sub-steps can continue until all sub-networks meet the conditions. The final generated mesh structure has a larger mesh (shallow depth) in flat areas and a finer mesh (deep depth) in rugged areas.

[0058] The fifth sub-step involves determining each sub-grid obtained from the final split as the target sub-grid, and determining the number of splits for each target sub-grid as the recursion depth for that target sub-grid.

[0059] The sixth sub-step involves constructing a set of target sub-grids corresponding to the marked tower legs from all the target sub-grids.

[0060] The fourth step is to determine the terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the above-mentioned marker tower leg based on the cumulative area of ​​all target subgrids in the target subgrid set corresponding to the above-mentioned marker tower leg, as well as the area and recursion depth of each target subgrid in the target subgrid set corresponding to the above-mentioned marker tower leg.

[0061] For example, the formula for determining the terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the marked tower leg can be: ; in, A It is the terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the tower leg. S It is the sum of the areas of all target subgrids within the target subgrid set corresponding to the marked tower leg. N It represents the number of target subgrids within the target subgrid set corresponding to the marker tower leg. m It is the index of the target sub-grid within the target sub-grid set corresponding to the marker tower leg. It is the first target sub-mesh set corresponding to the marked tower leg. m The area of ​​each target subgrid. It is based on 2 The logarithm of . It is the first target sub-mesh set corresponding to the marked tower leg. m The recursion depth of each target subgrid.

[0062] It should be noted that when A A higher value often indicates that the algorithm has performed deeper subdivisions to fit the high-frequency undulations of the ground surface, suggesting that the micro-topography of the area where the marker tower leg is located may be extremely fragmented. In engineering, this high-frequency fragmentation usually corresponds to severely weathered and eroded rock masses or loose deposits, which have poor slope stability.

[0063] The fifth step is to determine the slope angle correction value corresponding to the above-mentioned marker tower leg based on the pre-obtained benchmark slope angle and regional sensitivity coefficient, as well as the terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the above-mentioned marker tower leg.

[0064] The benchmark slope angle represents the allowable excavation slope angle under standard geological conditions and without terrain fracturing. It can also represent the theoretical maximum safe slope angle under flat terrain and homogeneous soil and rock conditions, serving as a benchmark value for adaptive correction of the slope angle. It is related to the main soil and rock type of the tower site area and the designed excavation depth of the foundation pit. It can be obtained through national / industry design specifications, geotechnical engineering investigation reports, or human experience. For example, the benchmark slope angle could be 45°. The regional sensitivity coefficient can be obtained through human experience, and a larger value generally indicates that the soil and rock in the area where the tower leg is located are more sensitive to terrain fracturing, resulting in a stronger correction force. For example, in weathered granite areas, due to the high strength of the rock mass itself, the impact of terrain fracturing on slope stability is relatively small, and a regional sensitivity coefficient of 0.45 can be used. However, in the Loess Plateau or loose deposit areas, terrain fracturing often means that the soil is extremely unstable, requiring a smaller regional sensitivity coefficient, such as 0.2, to enhance the correction force for the safe slope angle.

[0065] For example, the formula for determining the slope angle correction value corresponding to the marked tower leg can be: ; in, It is the correction value for the slope angle corresponding to the tower leg. Representative take and The maximum value in. It is a lower limit of the slope angle that is set in advance based on the actual situation. For example, it can be 20°, which can prevent the calculated slope angle from being too small due to extremely fragmented terrain. It is the inverse cotangent function. It is the cotangent function. It is the reference slope angle. It is the regional sensitivity coefficient. A It is the terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the tower leg.

[0066] It should be noted that, It is primarily used as a reference constant. When A larger value often indicates that the soil and rock in the area where the marker tower leg is located may be more sensitive to topographical fracturing, and the correction force may be stronger. When A A larger value often indicates that the algorithm has performed deeper subdivisions to fit the high-frequency undulations of the ground surface, suggesting that the micro-topography of the area where the marker tower leg belongs may be extremely fragmented. Therefore, when and A The larger the angle, the more accurate the calculated slope angle. The smaller the value, the more this mechanism ensures that a more conservative slope design is automatically adopted in fractured terrain, thereby reducing the risk of landslides. This aligns to some extent with the engineering experience that the more fractured the surface, the gentler the slope needs to be.

[0067] The sixth step is to determine the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to the marked tower legs based on the pre-obtained construction efficiency reduction factor and the terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the marked tower legs.

[0068] The construction efficiency reduction factor can be calibrated by local construction quotas or historical project cost data to characterize the sensitivity of the construction team's mechanization level to adverse terrain. For example, it can be 0.5. A higher construction efficiency reduction factor often indicates a more severe decline in construction efficiency and a faster increase in hidden costs under the same broken terrain. For example, a high value is taken for the construction efficiency reduction factor in areas where manual handling is used, while a low value is taken for areas accessible by heavy machinery.

[0069] For example, the formula for determining the construction difficulty correction factor corresponding to the marked tower leg can be: ; in, F It is the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to the marked tower leg. It is a factor that reduces the efficiency of construction. A It is the terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the tower leg.

[0070] It should be noted that, F It is used to reflect the hidden costs such as difficulties in mechanical operation and increased manual assistance caused by rugged terrain. A higher value often indicates a more severe decline in construction efficiency and a faster increase in hidden costs under the same fragmented terrain. A The higher the coefficient, the greater the construction difficulty, and the higher the subsequent comprehensive unit price. This correction, to some extent, avoids the cost underestimation caused by traditional quotas that only price according to soil type.

[0071] The model determination module 103 is used to determine the foundation pit entity model of each leg of the tower to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme based on the slope angle correction value and each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme of the pre-generated tower to be designed.

[0072] As an example, determining the foundation pit solid model for each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long / short leg configuration may include the following steps: The first step is to generate multiple initial long / short leg configuration schemes by repeating the preset length adjustment value set.

[0073] The preset length adjustment values ​​in the preset length adjustment value set can be candidate length adjustment values ​​for the tower leg to be designed, i.e., selectable length adjustment values. The preset length adjustment values ​​in the preset length adjustment value set can be preset according to the actual situation, such as -1 meter, 0 meter, and 1 meter.

[0074] For example, if the preset length adjustment value set includes -1 meter, 0 meter and 1 meter, then each tower leg to be designed can have three possible length adjustment values: -1 meter, 0 meter and 1 meter. The four tower legs to be designed can be combined together to have a total of 3×3×3×3 possible combinations. Each possible combination is an initial long and short leg configuration scheme, so 3×3×3×3 initial long and short leg configuration schemes can be obtained.

[0075] It should be noted that before constructing a three-dimensional entity, it is often necessary to determine the precise vertical positioning of the foundation. Since the four legs of the tower are often located on micro-topographic units at different elevations, and the length of the foundation legs can often only be adjusted discretely (e.g., -1 meter, 0 meter, +1 meter), it is often necessary to traverse all possible combinations of leg lengths and shortnesses to select a solution that meets the exposed soil height specifications.

[0076] The second step, based on all initial long / short leg configuration schemes, is to determine candidate long / short leg configuration schemes and their corresponding foundation top surface elevations. This may include the following sub-steps: The first sub-step involves determining any initial long / short leg configuration scheme as the marked long / short leg configuration scheme, and constructing a set of inequalities corresponding to the marked long / short leg configuration scheme based on the length adjustment values ​​of the four tower legs to be designed in the marked long / short leg configuration scheme and the preset allowable range of exposed foundation height.

[0077] The preset allowable range for exposed foundation height can be based on actual conditions and pre-set according to the allowable range for exposed foundation height in the design specifications. For example, the preset allowable range for exposed foundation height can be [0.2, 0.6] meters.

[0078] For example, the system of inequalities corresponding to the configuration scheme for marking long and short legs can be expressed as: ; ; ; ; in, It is the minimum value within the preset allowable range of exposed soil height. It is the maximum value of the preset allowable range of exposed soil height. H It is the elevation of the top surface of the foundation to be solved. , , and It refers to the length adjustment values ​​of the four tower legs to be designed in the long and short leg configuration scheme, that is, the length adjustment values ​​of the four tower legs to be designed recorded in the long and short leg configuration scheme. It is the fitted elevation corresponding to the center position of the first tower leg to be designed in the base tower. It is the fitted elevation corresponding to the center position of the second tower leg to be designed in the base tower. It is the fitted elevation corresponding to the center position of the third leg of the tower to be designed. This is the fitted elevation corresponding to the center position of the fourth leg of the tower to be designed. In practice, the fitted elevation corresponding to the center position of the leg to be designed can represent the local topographic benchmark elevation. It can be used as the vertical reference zero point for calculating the elevation of the top surface of the foundation. Compared with using the average elevation, using the center point elevation correction can effectively avoid the calculation error of exposed soil height caused by the terrain tilt to a certain extent, and ensure that the foundation design meets the specifications.

[0079] It should be noted that, H The solution is the elevation of the foundation top surface (uniform datum plane). This inequality requires that, for the marked long and short leg configuration scheme, the actual exposed soil height of all four tower legs must simultaneously fall within the range allowed by the specification. If the solution set is empty, it often indicates that the marked long and short leg configuration scheme may not meet the exposed soil requirement, and the marked long and short leg configuration scheme is not feasible.

[0080] The second sub-step involves solving the system of inequalities corresponding to the above-mentioned long and short leg configuration scheme to obtain the solution set interval corresponding to the above-mentioned long and short leg configuration scheme.

[0081] In the third sub-step, if the solution set interval corresponding to the above-mentioned marked long and short leg configuration scheme is not empty, then the above-mentioned marked long and short leg configuration scheme is determined as a candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and the maximum value of the solution set interval corresponding to the above-mentioned marked long and short leg configuration scheme is determined as the foundation top surface elevation corresponding to the above-mentioned marked long and short leg configuration scheme, thereby obtaining the foundation top surface elevation corresponding to the candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.

[0082] It should be noted that if the solution set interval corresponding to the long and short leg configuration scheme is not empty, the upper limit of the interval can be selected as the foundation top elevation. The purpose of selecting the upper limit is to raise the foundation position as much as possible while meeting the specifications, thereby reducing the excavation depth of the foundation pit and optimizing the workload.

[0083] The third step is to construct the three-dimensional center coordinates of each tower leg under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme based on the length adjustment value of each tower leg to be designed in each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, the foundation top surface elevation corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and the foundation design burial depth obtained in advance.

[0084] The foundation design depth can be the vertical distance between the bottom of the foundation slab and the top surface of the foundation (the exposed soil part). In layman's terms, it is how many meters to dig down from the top surface of the foundation to bury the foundation.

[0085] For example, the three-dimensional center coordinates of the tower leg to be designed under the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes are represented as: ( , , ).in, It is the first i The x-coordinate of the center position of each tower leg to be designed. It is the first i The ordinate of the center position of each tower leg to be designed. i This is the serial number of the tower leg to be designed. It is the first k The corresponding top surface elevations of the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes. k It is the serial number of the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes. It is the first i The tower leg to be designed is in the first k The length adjustment value in the candidate long / short leg configuration scheme. E It refers to the burial depth of the basic design. It can characterize the bottom elevation of the foundation pit.

[0086] The fourth step is to determine the bottom dimensions based on the pre-set standard width of the foundation slab and the width reserved for construction.

[0087] The base dimension, also known as the base side length, means that the base can be a square.

[0088] For example, twice the construction allowance width can be determined as the total allowance width on both sides, and the sum of the standard width of the pre-set foundation plate and the total allowance width on both sides can be determined as the bottom dimension.

[0089] The fifth step is to construct the foundation pit entity model of each tower leg under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme based on the bottom surface dimensions, the three-dimensional center coordinates of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and the slope angle correction value corresponding to each tower leg to be designed.

[0090] For example, the coordinates of the center point ( , , At point ), construct a square with a side length equal to the base dimension (bottom of the foundation pit). "Extrude" four sides from this square. The tilt angle of the sides is the slope angle correction value. Seal this shape to form a closed polyhedron (like an inverted frustum), which is denoted as the foundation pit solid model. The method for obtaining the top surface of the foundation pit solid model is as follows: stretch the bottom of the foundation pit upward along the slope direction of the slope angle correction value until the height of the side boundary reaches the highest ground point in the local topographic point cloud. An additional 1 meter margin can be added, and a closed top surface is constructed at this height as the top surface of the foundation pit solid model.

[0091] It should be noted that if the terrain ruggedness index at the tower leg to be designed is high, the corresponding slope angle correction value will be small (the slope will be gentler). The generated foundation pit entity sidewalls will often automatically become gentler, thus occupying more horizontal space geometrically. This mechanism, to a certain extent, ensures that the model can adaptively reflect the additional excavation space required to prevent collapse under fractured terrain.

[0092] The construction and determination module 104 is used to construct a three-dimensional terrain entity model and, based on the foundation pit entity model and the three-dimensional terrain entity model, determine the predicted excavation volume of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.

[0093] As an example, constructing and defining module 104 can be achieved by the following steps: The first step is to construct a local irregular triangular network (TIN) surface for each tower leg to be designed, based on the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed, through Delaunay triangulation.

[0094] The second step is to construct an auxiliary horizontal plane corresponding to each candidate long / short leg configuration scheme based on the basic top surface elevation corresponding to each candidate long / short leg configuration scheme.

[0095] For example, the auxiliary horizontal plane corresponding to the candidate long / short leg configuration scheme can be a plane with a height equal to a preset height. The preset height can be set in advance based on actual conditions, and can be equal to the foundation top elevation corresponding to the candidate long / short leg configuration scheme minus 20 meters.

[0096] The third step is to project the boundary of the local irregular triangular mesh surface corresponding to each tower leg to be designed vertically downwards onto the auxiliary horizontal plane corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and construct the side and bottom surfaces, thereby obtaining the three-dimensional terrain entity model of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.

[0097] The fourth step involves performing a Boolean intersection operation between the foundation pit entity model and the three-dimensional terrain entity model for each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme to obtain the predicted excavation volume for each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.

[0098] For example, the formula for determining the predicted excavation volume of the tower leg under the candidate long / short leg configuration scheme can be: ; in, It is the first i The tower leg to be designed is in the first k Predicted excavation volume under each candidate long / short leg configuration. i This is the serial number of the tower leg to be designed. k It is the serial number of the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes. It is a function for determining volume. It is the first i The tower leg to be designed is in the first k The foundation pit entity model under the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes. It is the first i The tower leg to be designed is in the first k Three-dimensional terrain entity models under candidate long and short leg configuration schemes. yes and Boolean intersection operation between them.

[0099] It should be noted that the calculated volume It can characterize the first k The first candidate long / short leg configuration scheme i The actual excavation volume of earth and rock for the tower legs to be designed. Due to the foundation pit entity The shape has been corrected (made gentler) according to the slope angle correction value, therefore, It can include the incremental volume of rugged terrain that is often overlooked in traditional designs.

[0100] The screening and determination module 105 is used to select the target long and short leg configuration scheme from all candidate long and short leg configuration schemes based on the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to the tower leg to be designed and its excavation volume prediction value under the candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and determine the excavation volume prediction value of the tower leg to be designed under the target long and short leg configuration scheme as the target excavation volume.

[0101] It should be noted that the output predicted excavation volume representing the single-leg earthwork volume aims to select the final design scheme with the best economic benefits from all technically feasible configuration options by combining the engineering cost quota and the construction difficulty coefficient. Addressing the issue that traditional designs ignore the impact of terrain ruggedness on the unit price of construction, a pricing method based on a construction difficulty correction coefficient is creatively introduced, achieving a certain degree of accurate comparison of all factor costs.

[0102] As an example, the filtering and determination module 105 can specifically implement the following steps: The first step is to determine the target comprehensive unit price for each tower leg to be designed, based on the construction difficulty correction coefficient for each tower leg to be designed and the pre-obtained benchmark unit price for construction difficulty.

[0103] The benchmark unit price for construction difficulty can be the unit price for basic earthwork excavation determined according to local quota standards, such as 50 yuan per cubic meter.

[0104] For example, the formula for determining the target comprehensive unit price for the tower leg to be designed can be: ; in, It is the first i The target comprehensive unit price corresponding to each tower leg to be designed. i This is the serial number of the tower leg to be designed. P It is the benchmark unit price for construction difficulty. It is the first i The value corresponding to the construction difficulty correction coefficient for each tower leg to be designed.

[0105] It should be noted that, It is often determined by the terrain ruggedness index. When the terrain ruggedness index increases (the terrain becomes more rugged), It often increases with time, often leading to the calculated The price is significantly higher than the benchmark unit price. This mechanism mathematically simulates the hidden costs in actual engineering projects, such as difficulties in mechanical operations and increased manual labor due to fragmented terrain.

[0106] The second step is to determine the total earthwork operation cost for each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme based on the target comprehensive unit price of all tower legs to be designed and the predicted excavation volume under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.

[0107] For example, the formula for determining the total earthwork cost corresponding to the candidate long / short leg configuration scheme can be: ; in, It is the first k The total earthwork operation cost corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.k It is the serial number of the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes. i This is the serial number of the tower leg to be designed. It is the first i The tower leg to be designed is in the first k Predicted excavation volume under each candidate long / short leg configuration. It is the first i The target comprehensive unit price corresponding to each tower leg to be designed.

[0108] It should be noted that, The increase in quantity is often taken into account (due to the gradual decrease in slope). Increased size) and rising prices (due to increased construction difficulty) The increase in cost (which, to some extent, achieves cost assessment that is both quantitative and price-based, and avoids the risk of underestimating construction costs in rugged areas by only considering geometric volume) has been achieved.

[0109] The third step is to determine the basic material cost corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme based on the pre-obtained concrete volume and steel reinforcement weight of each tower leg to be designed in each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, as well as the pre-obtained concrete unit price and steel reinforcement unit price.

[0110] The concrete volume and steel reinforcement weight of the tower leg to be designed in the candidate long / short leg configuration scheme can be the concrete volume and steel reinforcement weight required for the tower leg to be designed in that candidate long / short leg configuration scheme. The concrete unit price and steel reinforcement unit price can be the local concrete unit price and steel reinforcement unit price.

[0111] For example, the formula for determining the basic material cost corresponding to the candidate long / short leg configuration scheme can be: ; in, It is the first k The basic material costs corresponding to each candidate long / short leg configuration. k It is the serial number of the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes. i This is the serial number of the tower leg to be designed. It is the first i The tower leg to be designed is in the first k The concrete volume of each candidate long and short leg configuration. It is the first i The tower leg to be designed is in the first k The weight of steel bars in the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes. That is the unit price of concrete. That's the unit price of steel bars.

[0112] It should be noted that, To a certain extent, it reflects the first kThe consumable costs of each candidate long and short leg configuration.

[0113] The fourth step is to determine the estimated comprehensive construction cost for each candidate long / short leg configuration based on the total earthwork cost and foundation material cost.

[0114] For example, the formula for determining the comprehensive construction cost estimate corresponding to the candidate long and short leg configuration scheme can be: ; in, It is the first k Estimated comprehensive construction costs for each candidate long / short leg configuration. k It is the serial number of the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes. It is the first k The total earthwork operation cost corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme. It is the first k The basic material costs corresponding to each candidate long / short leg configuration.

[0115] It should be noted that, It can characterize the overall construction cost, including earthwork operation costs and foundation material costs.

[0116] The fifth step is to select the candidate long / short leg configuration scheme with the lowest estimated overall construction cost from all candidate long / short leg configuration schemes, and use it as the target long / short leg configuration scheme.

[0117] It should be noted that selecting the candidate long-short leg configuration scheme with the lowest estimated comprehensive construction cost from all candidate long-short leg configuration schemes automatically penalizes, to some extent, those schemes that have a small geometric excavation volume (such as using short leg foundations) but are located in high and rugged areas, resulting in extremely high construction unit prices (such as requiring blasting or manual excavation), thus guiding the selection of the balance point with the best comprehensive benefits.

[0118] The sixth step is to determine the predicted excavation volume of each tower leg under the target length and short leg configuration scheme, and then determine the target excavation volume corresponding to each tower leg.

[0119] Optionally, the final output can be a complete set of parameters representing the optimal target leg length and length configuration scheme, including: foundation configuration instructions, positioning and elevation instructions, and asymmetric slope instructions. Specifically, the foundation configuration instructions specify the final length adjustment values ​​for the four legs and the selected foundation model. The positioning and elevation instructions specify the coordinates of the foundation's center pile and determine the elevation of the foundation's top surface. The asymmetric slope instructions specifically output the safety slope angle obtained after differentiated correction for the four legs, i.e., the slope angle correction value. This parameter guides construction personnel to use a standard slope on relatively flat legs to save excavation, while using a gentler slope on broken legs to prevent collapse, thus achieving a balance between construction safety and economy at the micro level.

[0120] refer to Figure 2 Based on the same inventive concept as the above-described method embodiments, this invention provides a three-dimensional design method for overhead transmission lines, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Based on the center position of each tower leg to be designed on the overhead transmission line in the mountainous area and the preset standard width of the foundation plate, construct the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed.

[0121] Step S2: Based on the elevation distribution of ground points within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed, determine the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to each tower leg to be designed.

[0122] Step S3: Based on the slope angle correction value and each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme of the tower to be designed in advance, determine the foundation pit entity model of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.

[0123] Step S4: Construct a three-dimensional terrain entity model, and based on the foundation pit entity model and the three-dimensional terrain entity model, determine the predicted excavation volume of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.

[0124] Step S5: Based on the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to the tower leg to be designed and its excavation volume prediction value under the candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, select the target long and short leg configuration scheme from all candidate long and short leg configuration schemes, and determine the excavation volume prediction value of the tower leg to be designed under the target long and short leg configuration scheme as the target excavation volume.

[0125] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. For example, as shown... Figure 3As shown, the computer device 300 includes: a memory 301, a processor 302, and a computer program 303 stored in the memory 301 and running on the processor 302. When the processor 302 executes the computer program 303, the computer device can execute the aforementioned three-dimensional design method for overhead transmission lines.

[0126] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-described method embodiments, the present invention provides a server, including a memory and a processor. The memory is used to store executable program code, and the processor is used to call and run the executable program code from the memory, causing the device to execute the above-described three-dimensional design method for overhead transmission lines.

[0127] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-described method embodiments, the present invention provides a computer program product comprising: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-described three-dimensional design method for overhead transmission lines.

[0128] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-described method embodiments, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-described three-dimensional design method for overhead transmission lines.

[0129] In summary, this invention quantifies the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient for each tower leg based on the elevation distribution of ground points within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed. Based on the foundation pit entity model and the three-dimensional terrain entity model, it quantifies the predicted excavation volume of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme. Thus, it selects the target long and short leg configuration scheme that represents the better long and short leg configuration from all candidate long and short leg configuration schemes, and determines the predicted excavation volume of the tower leg to be designed under the target long and short leg configuration scheme as the target excavation volume representing the final earthwork estimation, thereby improving the rationality of long and short leg configuration and earthwork estimation to a certain extent.

[0130] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines, characterized in that, The system includes: The point cloud block construction module is used to construct the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed based on the center position of each tower leg to be designed on the overhead transmission line in the mountainous area and the preset standard width of the foundation plate. The dual-index determination module is used to determine the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient for each tower leg to be designed based on the elevation distribution of ground points within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed. The model determination module is used to determine the foundation pit entity model of each leg of the tower to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme based on the slope angle correction value and each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme of the pre-generated tower to be designed. The construction and determination module is used to construct a three-dimensional terrain entity model and, based on the foundation pit entity model and the three-dimensional terrain entity model, determine the predicted excavation volume of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme. The filtering and determination module is used to filter out the target long and short leg configuration scheme from all candidate long and short leg configuration schemes based on the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to the tower leg to be designed and its excavation volume prediction value under the candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and determine the excavation volume prediction value of the tower leg to be designed under the target long and short leg configuration scheme as the target excavation volume.

2. The three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of constructing a local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed based on the center position of each tower leg to be designed on the overhead transmission line in the mountainous area and the preset standard width of the foundation plate includes: Any one of the tower legs to be designed is designated as the marked tower leg, and the global point cloud corresponding to the overhead transmission line in the mountainous area is obtained. Based on the preset standard width of the foundation plate and the construction reserved width, a target sampling radius is set, and a cylinder is constructed with the center position of the marked tower leg as the center point and the target sampling radius as the radius, which serves as the marking cylinder; Points belonging to the marked cylinder are selected from the global point cloud to form the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg; Vegetation points and ground points are identified from the initial local point cloud blocks corresponding to the marked tower legs; Delete vegetation points in the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg, retain ground points in the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg, update the initial local point cloud block, and record the updated initial local point cloud block as the local terrain point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg.

3. The three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of identifying vegetation points and ground points from the initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg includes: The initial local point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg is flipped. The cloth simulation filtering algorithm is used to simulate the cloth covering the surface of the initial local point cloud block after the point cloud flip, and to simulate the falling process of the cloth under the action of gravity. The final position of the cloth is recorded as the ground point, and the protruding points that fail to contact the cloth are recorded as vegetation points.

4. The three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves determining the slope angle correction value and construction difficulty correction coefficient for each tower leg based on the elevation distribution of ground points within the local topographic point cloud corresponding to each tower leg to be designed, including: Any one of the tower legs to be designed is identified as the marked tower leg, and the least squares method is performed on the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg to construct the local reference plane corresponding to the marked tower leg. Based on the local reference plane corresponding to the marked tower leg, the fitted elevation of each ground point within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg is obtained; Based on the fitted elevation of the ground points within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg, the target sub-grid set corresponding to the marked tower leg and the recursion depth of each target sub-grid within it are determined through recursive splitting. The terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the marker tower leg is determined based on the sum of the areas of all target subgrids in the target subgrid set corresponding to the marker tower leg, as well as the area and recursion depth of each target subgrid in the target subgrid set corresponding to the marker tower leg. Based on the pre-obtained benchmark slope angle and regional sensitivity coefficient, as well as the terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the marked tower leg, the slope angle correction value corresponding to the marked tower leg is determined; Based on the pre-obtained construction efficiency reduction factor and the terrain ruggedness index corresponding to the marked tower leg, the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to the marked tower leg is determined.

5. The three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the target sub-mesh set corresponding to the marked tower leg and the recursion depth of each target sub-mesh within it through recursive splitting, based on the fitted elevation of the ground points within the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg, includes: Project the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to the marked tower leg onto the horizontal plane to construct an initial two-dimensional root node mesh covering its planar range; Based on the difference between the actual elevation and the fitted elevation of each ground point in the grid to be segmented, the degree of terrain undulation corresponding to the grid to be segmented is determined. The grid to be segmented is the initial two-dimensional root node grid or the grid obtained from the previous split. If the terrain undulation of the grid to be segmented is greater than the preset undulation threshold, and the number of splits of the grid to be segmented is less than the preset split limit, then the grid to be segmented is divided into four sub-grids to achieve the splitting of the grid to be segmented. If the terrain undulation degree corresponding to the grid to be segmented is less than or equal to the preset undulation threshold, or the number of splits corresponding to the grid to be segmented reaches the preset split limit, then the splitting of the grid to be segmented is stopped. Each sub-mesh obtained from the final split is determined as the target sub-mesh, and the number of splits of each target sub-mesh is determined as the recursion depth of each target sub-mesh; All target sub-mesh are combined to form the target sub-mesh set corresponding to the marked tower leg.

6. The three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the foundation pit entity model for each leg of the tower to be designed under each candidate long / short leg configuration scheme based on the slope angle correction value and each pre-generated candidate long / short leg configuration scheme of the tower to be designed includes: Based on the preset length adjustment value set, multiple initial long and short leg configuration schemes are generated through repeatable permutation. The preset length adjustment values ​​in the preset length adjustment value set are candidate length adjustment values ​​for the tower legs to be designed. Based on all initial long and short leg configuration schemes, determine the candidate long and short leg configuration schemes and their corresponding foundation top surface elevations; Based on the length adjustment value of each tower leg to be designed in each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, the foundation top surface elevation corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and the pre-obtained foundation design burial depth, construct the three-dimensional center coordinates of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme; Determine the bottom dimensions based on the pre-set standard width of the foundation slab and the width reserved for construction; Based on the bottom dimensions, the three-dimensional center coordinates of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and the slope angle correction value corresponding to each tower leg to be designed, a foundation pit solid model of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme is constructed.

7. The three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of determining candidate long / short leg configuration schemes and their corresponding foundation top surface elevations based on all initial long / short leg configuration schemes includes: Any initial long and short leg configuration scheme is determined as the marked long and short leg configuration scheme. Based on the length adjustment values ​​of the four tower legs to be designed in the marked long and short leg configuration scheme and the preset allowable range of exposed foundation height, a set of inequalities corresponding to the marked long and short leg configuration scheme is constructed. Solve the system of inequalities corresponding to the long and short leg configuration scheme to obtain the solution set interval corresponding to the long and short leg configuration scheme. If the solution set interval corresponding to the marked long and short leg configuration scheme is not empty, then the marked long and short leg configuration scheme is determined as a candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and the maximum value of the solution set interval corresponding to the marked long and short leg configuration scheme is determined as the foundation top surface elevation corresponding to the marked long and short leg configuration scheme, thereby obtaining the foundation top surface elevation corresponding to the candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.

8. The three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines according to claim 6, characterized in that, The construction of the three-dimensional terrain entity model includes: Based on the local topographic point cloud block corresponding to each tower leg to be designed, the local irregular triangular mesh surface corresponding to each tower leg to be designed is constructed through Deloitte triangulation. Based on the basic top surface elevation corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, construct the auxiliary horizontal plane corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme; The boundary of the local irregular triangular mesh surface corresponding to each tower leg to be designed is vertically projected downwards onto the auxiliary horizontal plane corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, and the side and bottom surfaces are constructed to obtain the three-dimensional terrain solid model of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme.

9. A three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method for determining the predicted excavation volume for each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long / short leg configuration scheme, based on the foundation pit entity model and the three-dimensional terrain entity model, includes: Based on the Boolean intersection operation between the foundation pit entity model and the 3D terrain entity model of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, the predicted excavation volume of each tower leg to be designed under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme is obtained.

10. A three-dimensional design system for overhead transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of selecting the target long / short leg configuration scheme from all candidate long / short leg configuration schemes based on the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to the tower leg to be designed and its predicted excavation volume under the candidate long / short leg configuration schemes includes: Based on the construction difficulty correction coefficient corresponding to each tower leg to be designed and the pre-obtained benchmark unit price of construction difficulty, determine the target comprehensive unit price corresponding to each tower leg to be designed; Based on the target comprehensive unit price of all tower legs to be designed and the predicted excavation volume under each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, determine the total earthwork operation cost corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme. Based on the pre-obtained concrete volume and steel reinforcement weight of each tower leg to be designed in each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, as well as the pre-obtained concrete unit price and steel reinforcement unit price, determine the basic material cost corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme. Based on the total earthwork cost and foundation material cost corresponding to each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme, determine the estimated comprehensive construction cost for each candidate long and short leg configuration scheme. From all candidate long / short leg configuration schemes, the candidate long / short leg configuration scheme with the lowest corresponding comprehensive construction cost estimate is selected as the target long / short leg configuration scheme.

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