Intelligent panel based on metal shell grounding electrostatic protection

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of wisdom panel based on metal shell grounding electrostatic protection, comprising: printed circuit board, setting with ground layer, multiple functional areas are centrally arranged on the printed circuit board, and the printed circuit board is provided with several conductive connecting strips at its edge;Metal shielding cover, the metal shielding cover is covered on the top of multiple functional areas, forms several mutually isolated isolated warehouses;Metal shell;Multiple conductive connecting pieces, distributed and arranged in the gap between the printed circuit board and the metal shell, each conductive connecting strip is distributed and arranged with several conductive connecting pieces, and each conductive connecting strip is correspondingly provided with adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly selectively conducts different number of conductive connecting pieces, to change the equivalent ground impedance of each isolated warehouse to the metal shell, to control electrostatic discharge path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrostatic discharge protection, specifically to a smart panel based on electrostatic discharge protection using a metal casing grounded. Background Technology

[0002] Smart panels serve as the central control unit for smart homes, connecting to and controlling various smart devices via a network. They are typically fixed in a specific area and increasingly utilize metal casings for improved appearance and feel. However, these metal casings also present significant challenges related to electrostatic discharge (ESD). The energy released by a human body directly onto a metal panel is substantial, and traditional solutions offer limited protection. This is because, firstly, the location of human contact with the smart panel is not fixed, and high-frequency operations may occur in certain areas, increasing the probability of static electricity accumulation. Secondly, different batches and models of smart panels use different electronic components on their printed circuit boards, resulting in varying functional areas with different tolerances to static electricity. Existing solutions typically employ fixed or uniform connections to evenly discharge static electricity from the printed circuit board. However, due to the varying tolerances of different functional areas and the different discharge paths, uniform discharge methods cannot optimize the flow path of the static current, thus preventing further interference during the discharge process.

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to design a smart panel with grounded electrostatic protection based on a metal casing to address the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a smart panel based on grounding electrostatic protection of a metal shell, which can effectively solve at least one of the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: A smart panel based on grounded electrostatic protection with a metal casing includes: A printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board is provided with a ground layer, and multiple functional areas are centrally arranged on the printed circuit board, each functional area is provided with corresponding electronic devices, and a number of conductive connecting strips are provided on the edge of the printed circuit board, each conductive connecting strip corresponding to one of the functional areas, and the conductive connecting strips are electrically connected to the ground layer. A metal shielding cover covers the multiple functional areas. The interior and edges of the metal shielding cover form several mutually isolated isolation chambers around each functional area through an isolation structure. Each isolation chamber is electrically connected to the grounding layer. A metal housing houses the printed circuit board, with a gap between the printed circuit board and the metal housing; Multiple conductive connectors are distributed in the gap between the printed circuit board and the metal housing. Each conductive connector has several conductive connectors distributed in it. Each conductive connector has an adjustment component. The adjustment component selectively conducts different numbers of conductive connectors, thereby changing the equivalent grounding impedance from each isolation chamber to the metal housing, thereby controlling the electrostatic discharge path.

[0006] Furthermore, the conductive connector is a metal spring or conductive foam, one end of the conductive connector is fixedly connected to the metal housing, and the other end of the conductive connector can contact the conductive connecting strip.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjustment component includes a movable component, which drives a plurality of insulating sheets. The movable component causes the insulating sheets to insert or retract between the conductive connector and the conductive connecting strip. When the insulating sheet is inserted between the conductive connector and the conductive connecting strip, the conductive connecting unit is electrically isolated from the conductive connecting strip. When the insulating sheet retracts from the conductive connector and the conductive connecting strip, the conductive connecting unit is electrically connected to the conductive connecting strip.

[0008] Furthermore, the movable component includes several sequentially driven rotating wheels with different transmission ratios among adjacent wheels. One of the rotating wheels is driven by a rotating motor. The movable component is located below the conductive connecting strip. Each rotating wheel has an insulating sheet on its axial outer edge. When the insulating sheet is driven to a preset angle range, it inserts into the conductive connector and the conductive connecting strip. Through mechanical linkage between the rotating wheels with different transmission ratios, the connection state of multiple conductive connectors and the conductive connecting strip is controlled.

[0009] Furthermore, the surface of the insulating sheet is coated with a wear-resistant material.

[0010] Furthermore, the functional area includes several of the following: power supply area, radio frequency area, analog area, and digital processing area. The printed circuit board has conductive pads at the edges of each functional area. The conductive pads are connected to the ground layer. After the metal shielding cover covers the functional area, the isolation structure and the conductive pads are electrically connected.

[0011] Furthermore, the conductive connecting strips are respectively disposed near the shortest electrical connection path from the power supply area, the radio frequency area, the analog area, and the digital processing area to the edge of the printed circuit board.

[0012] Furthermore, the system includes a control system that records the locations of the power supply area, the radio frequency area, the analog area, and the digital processing area. The control system accumulates user experience regarding the distribution of frequently used areas, as well as experience regarding the external exposure level, device sensitivity, and abnormal impact level of each functional area. It then performs weighted scoring to obtain the electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection requirement score for each functional area, determines the target equivalent grounding impedance level for the corresponding functional area, and adjusts the equivalent grounding impedance of each functional area through the corresponding isolation chamber to the metal casing by controlling the number of conductive connectors connected to each conductive connector strip, so that different functional areas form ESD discharge paths of different strengths.

[0013] Furthermore, the control system accumulates user experience regarding the distribution of frequently used areas, as well as experience on the external exposure level, device sensitivity, and abnormal impact level of each functional area. It then performs weighted scoring to obtain the electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection requirement score for each functional area, determines the target equivalent grounding impedance level for the corresponding functional area, and adjusts the equivalent grounding impedance of each functional area through the corresponding isolation chamber to the metal casing by controlling the number of conductive connectors connected to each conductive connecting strip. This ensures that different functional areas form ESD discharge paths of varying strengths, including: The electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection requirement score Qi for each functional zone is calculated using the following formula: Where Hi represents the user’s experience of the correlation between the frequently pressed area and the corresponding functional area, Mi represents the user’s experience of the external exposure of the corresponding functional area, Ei represents the user’s experience of the device sensitivity of the corresponding functional area, Si represents the user’s experience of the abnormal impact of the corresponding functional area after being disturbed, and a, b, c, and d represent the weight coefficients of the corresponding functional areas respectively. The electrostatic protection requirement score Qi is linearly normalized to obtain Qj; The target equivalent grounding impedance level of the corresponding functional area is determined based on Qj. By controlling the number of conductive connectors connected to each conductive connector strip, the equivalent grounding impedance of each functional area through the corresponding isolation compartment to the metal shell is adjusted so that different functional areas form electrostatic discharge paths of different strengths. Among them, the functional area with a higher Qj is connected to a larger number of conductive connectors.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention provides the following effects and / or advantages: The metal shielding cover of this application forms a Faraday cage, which can preferentially discharge static electricity received by each functional area in the corresponding compartment. At the same time, the metal shell is connected to the grounding layer of the printed circuit board through the cooperation of multiple conductive connectors and conductive connecting strips. The number of conductive connectors can be adjusted to change the equivalent grounding impedance of different functional areas and optimize the static discharge path.

[0015] This application adjusts the equivalent grounding impedance from each functional area to the metal casing by setting different numbers of conductive connectors in the power supply area, radio frequency area, analog area, and digital processing area, thereby creating electrostatic discharge paths of varying strengths in each functional area. Specifically, adjusting the number of conductive connectors according to the calculated levels allows the digital processing area to form a priority electrostatic discharge path, reducing electrostatic interference to the core control circuit; the power supply area forms an auxiliary discharge path to share electrostatic current and reduce its impact on the power supply network; the radio frequency area forms a controlled discharge path while ensuring radio frequency performance, reducing the impact of electrostatic interference on radio frequency signals; and the analog area maintains a high equivalent grounding impedance to prevent electrostatic current from flowing through sensitive analog circuits, thus improving the overall electrostatic discharge immunity of the system.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings.

[0017] It should be understood that the above summary and the following detailed description of the invention are exemplary and explanatory, and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a metal shielding cover.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment component. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the structure of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: refer to Figure 1-3 A smart panel based on metal casing grounding electrostatic protection includes: Printed circuit board 1, the printed circuit board 1 is provided with a ground layer (not shown), the printed circuit board 1 is provided with multiple functional areas, each functional area is provided with corresponding electronic devices, the printed circuit board 1 is provided with a number of conductive connecting strips 11 on its edge, each conductive connecting strip 11 corresponds to one of the functional areas, and the conductive connecting strip 11 is electrically connected to the ground layer. A metal shield 2 covers the multiple functional areas. The interior and edges of the metal shield 2 form several mutually isolated isolation chambers around each functional area through an isolation structure 21. Each isolation chamber is electrically connected to the grounding layer. A metal housing 3 houses the printed circuit board 1, with a gap between the printed circuit board 1 and the metal housing 3; In this embodiment, the multiple functional areas centrally located on the printed circuit board 1 refer to the concentration of electronic devices with corresponding functions in a certain area. For example, the control unit and its peripheral circuits are centrally located to form an arithmetic area, or audio processing, audio input, audio output, and other related circuits are centrally located to form an analog area. By centrally arranging these functional areas, and then covering them with a metal shield 2 and its isolation structure 21, a relatively isolated Faraday cage structure is formed. When a functional area is subjected to external electrostatic interference, the static electricity is concentrated and discharged to the grounding layer through the Faraday cage structure of the corresponding isolation chamber, thereby reducing the impact of static electricity on other functional areas. The metal casing 3 serves as a connection channel between the printed circuit board 1 and the outside world, enabling the rapid conduction of static electricity to the outside.

[0022] Multiple conductive connectors 4 are distributed in the gap between the printed circuit board 1 and the metal housing 3. Each conductive connecting strip 11 is provided with a number of conductive connectors 4. Each conductive connecting strip 11 is provided with an adjustment component 5. The adjustment component 5 selectively conducts different numbers of conductive connectors 4, thereby changing the equivalent grounding impedance from each isolation chamber to the metal housing 3, thereby controlling the electrostatic discharge path.

[0023] The conductive connector 4, the adjusting component 5, and the conductive connecting strip 11 are among the core improvements of this embodiment. The conductive connector 4 can be connected to the conductive connecting strip 11 to form a path for electrostatic discharge. The conductive connecting strip 11 is provided with multiple conductive connectors 4. The adjusting component 5 controls the number of conductive connectors 4 electrically connected to the conductive connecting strip 11. By varying the number of connected conductive connectors 4, the number of conductive connectors 4 connected to the conductive connecting strip 11 corresponding to each functional area is changed. When the number of connected conductive connectors 4 differs for each functional area, the equivalent grounding impedance between each functional area and the metal casing 3 is different. It can be understood that the more conductive connectors 4 connected, the lower the equivalent grounding impedance.

[0024] Furthermore, the design direction of the equivalent grounding impedance for electrostatic interference differs for each functional area, rather than reducing the equivalent grounding impedance across all areas. For example: The number of conductive connectors required in the power supply area is relatively limited, thus forming a strong discharge area with the shortest path and the densest vias. The main control area only needs to have a small number of conductive connectors connected, and it is not used as the main discharge outlet; The radio frequency (RF) region emphasizes continuous ground reference and gap control; The audio zone entrance is protected first, and the interior is kept clean and simulated, without bearing the main outflow.

[0025] Therefore, based on the characteristics of these different functional areas, the different functional areas set by different circuit boards, and the different positions of the conductive connecting strips 11, the static discharge paths are also different, thereby adjusting the number of corresponding conductive connecting parts 4 to form the corresponding optimal equivalent grounding impedance.

[0026] Furthermore, the conductive connector 4 is a metal spring or conductive foam, one end of the conductive connector 4 is fixedly connected to the metal housing, and the other end of the conductive connector 4 can contact the conductive connecting strip 11.

[0027] Furthermore, the adjustment component 5 includes a movable component, which drives a plurality of insulating sheets. The movable component drives the insulating sheets 51 to insert or retract between the conductive connector 4 and the conductive connecting strip 11. When the insulating sheet is inserted between the conductive connector 4 and the conductive connecting strip 11, the conductive connecting unit is electrically isolated from the conductive connecting strip 11. When the insulating sheet retracts from the conductive connector 4 and the conductive connecting strip 11, the conductive connecting unit is electrically connected to the conductive connecting strip 11.

[0028] Furthermore, the movable component includes several sequentially driven rotating wheels 52, with adjacent rotating wheels 52 having different transmission ratios. One of the rotating wheels 52 is driven by a rotating motor 53. The movable component is located below the conductive connecting strip 11. Each rotating wheel 52 has an insulating sheet 51 on its axial outer edge. When the insulating sheet 51 is driven to a preset angle range, the insulating sheet 51 is inserted into the conductive connector 4 and the conductive connecting strip 11. Through the mechanical linkage between the rotating wheels with different transmission ratios, the connection state of multiple conductive connectors 4 and conductive connecting strips 11 is controlled.

[0029] In this embodiment, you can refer to Figure 3Each rotating wheel 52 includes a large rotating wheel and a small rotating wheel on the same axis. The small transmission wheel on the left is connected to the large transmission wheel on the right, thereby reducing the transmission ratio. For example, for every 4 revolutions of the transmission wheel on the left, the rotating wheel on its right rotates once. Therefore, the rotation speed of the transmission wheels gradually decreases from left to right, which can drive the insulating sheet 51 to achieve multiple connections. At the same time, the conductive connector 4 is a metal spring or conductive foam, which is connected to the conductive connecting strip 11 by abutment. The insulating sheet 51 rotates below the hole between the conductive connector 4 and the conductive connecting strip 11. When the insulating sheet 51 rotates to the top, it can be inserted into the gap between the two to achieve a disconnection effect.

[0030] Furthermore, the surface of the insulating sheet 51 is coated with a wear-resistant material. This structure allows the surface of the insulating sheet 51 to have a low coefficient of friction, making it easier to insert into the pores between the conductive connector 4 and the conductive connecting strip 11.

[0031] Furthermore, the functional area includes several of the following: power supply area, radio frequency area, analog area, and digital processing area. The printed circuit board 1 has conductive pads on the edges of each functional area. The conductive pads are connected to the ground layer. After the metal shielding cover covers the functional area, the isolation structure and the conductive pads are electrically connected.

[0032] In this embodiment, the functions of the power supply area, radio frequency area, analog area, and digital processing area, as well as the corresponding electrostatic shielding strategies, have been described above. The conductive disk is a structure with a central perforation and exposed metal. After the metal shielding cover covers the functional areas, the isolation structure is inserted into the conductive disk and then fixed by welding or other methods, thereby achieving the fixation of the metal shielding cover and the connection of the isolation chambers to the grounding layer.

[0033] Furthermore, the conductive connecting strips 11 are respectively disposed near the shortest electrical connection path from the power supply area, the radio frequency area, the analog area, the digital processing area to the edge of the printed circuit board.

[0034] In this embodiment, the shortest electrical connection path to the edge of the printed circuit board can be understood as the shortest path from the center of the functional area to the edge of the printed circuit board. For example, this embodiment includes three functional areas, and their corresponding metal shields are as follows: Figure 2As shown, the left side has two functional areas at the top and bottom, and the right side has one functional area. Therefore, the shortest electrical connection path for the upper left functional area is near the upper edge of the printed circuit board, the shortest electrical connection path for the lower left functional area is near the lower edge of the printed circuit board, and the shortest electrical connection path for the right functional area is near the right edge of the printed circuit board. The conductive connecting strip 11 is respectively set at these three positions. In this case, a priority channel for electrostatic discharge can be formed. Based on the disturbance characteristics of each area, the number of conductive connecting parts connected to the board is adjusted to reconfigure the grounding capability of each area differently, so that different functional areas obtain different anti-static redundancy strategies, rather than uniform grounding of the entire board.

[0035] Furthermore, the system includes a control system that records the locations of the power supply area, the radio frequency area, the analog area, and the digital processing area. The control system accumulates user experience regarding the distribution of frequently used areas, as well as experience regarding the external exposure level, device sensitivity, and abnormal impact level of each functional area. It then performs weighted scoring to obtain the electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection requirement score for each functional area, determines the target equivalent grounding impedance level for the corresponding functional area, and adjusts the equivalent grounding impedance of each functional area through the corresponding isolation chamber to the metal shell by controlling the number of conductive connectors 4 connected to each conductive connector 11, so that different functional areas form ESD discharge paths of different strengths.

[0036] Furthermore, the control system accumulates user experience regarding the distribution of frequently used areas, as well as experience on the external exposure level, device sensitivity, and abnormal impact level of each functional area. It then performs weighted scoring to obtain the electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection requirement score for each functional area, determines the target equivalent grounding impedance level for the corresponding functional area, and adjusts the equivalent grounding impedance of each functional area through the corresponding isolation chamber to the metal casing by controlling the number of conductive connectors 4 connected to each conductive connecting strip 11. This ensures that different functional areas form ESD discharge paths of varying strengths, including: The electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection requirement score Qi for each functional zone is calculated using the following formula: Where Hi represents the user’s experience of the correlation between the frequently pressed area and the corresponding functional area, Mi represents the user’s experience of the external exposure of the corresponding functional area, Ei represents the user’s experience of the device sensitivity of the corresponding functional area, Si represents the user’s experience of the abnormal impact of the corresponding functional area after being disturbed, and a, b, c, and d represent the weight coefficients of the corresponding functional areas respectively. The electrostatic protection requirement score Qi is normalized to obtain Qj; The target equivalent grounding impedance level of the corresponding functional area is determined according to Qj. By controlling the number of conductive connectors 4 connected to each conductive connector 11, the equivalent grounding impedance of each functional area through the corresponding isolation chamber to the metal shell is adjusted so that different functional areas form electrostatic discharge paths of different strengths. Among them, the functional area with higher Qj is connected to a larger number of conductive connectors 4.

[0037] In this embodiment, instead of adjusting the number of conductive connectors 4 connected to each functional area before each electrostatic discharge (ESD) event, the system relies on long-term experience to determine which areas are more susceptible to ESD and which areas have more sensitive devices. This comprehensive assessment of the ESD protection requirements for each functional area allows for the matching of the equivalent grounding impedance for each functional area. The details are as follows.

[0038] User experience with frequently pressed areas refers to the distribution of areas that a user's fingers touch for extended periods or with high frequency during use. For example, in smart panels with touchscreens or buttons, certain areas may be frequently pressed, such as "back" or "unlock." These areas have high touch frequency and are prone to static electricity buildup. Experience with frequently pressed areas can be rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with higher ratings for areas closer to the user's touch location.

[0039] External exposure refers to the degree to which a functional area is physically exposed to the external environment. For example, if this area contains USB ports, microphone jacks, etc., how easily external static electricity can directly affect this area. External exposure can be assessed on a scale of 1 to 5, where 5 indicates the area has multiple ports or openings, and 1 indicates the area has no openings or ports. These scores can be automatically assigned based on image recognition from pre-stored circuit board images.

[0040] Device sensitivity refers to the susceptibility of electronic components within a functional area to electrostatic discharge (ESD). For example, ADC inputs are highly sensitive, while power supplies are relatively less so. Device sensitivity can be empirically represented by fixed ratings: 4-5 points for digital processing areas, 4-5 points for analog areas, 3-4 points for RF areas, and 2-3 points for power supplies. These ratings can be pre-set based on the corresponding functions of each functional area.

[0041] The degree of impact of an anomaly refers to the severity of the effect on the entire machine once a functional area is subjected to electrostatic interference. For example, electrostatic interference in the analog area can easily cause snow-like interference in the playback sound. Accumulating this experience allows for an assessment of the situation of each functional area. The experience of the degree of impact of an anomaly can be represented by a score of 5 for overall machine crash, reset, black screen, and loss of control; 3 for network drop, lockout, and link interruption; and 1 for short-term anomaly of a local function. These scores can be pre-set according to the functions corresponding to the functional areas.

[0042] Next, the accumulated experience is weighted and scored. a, b, c, and d can be set to 0.25, 0.15, 0.15, and 0.2 respectively. This is because the degree of abnormal impact after the corresponding functional area is disturbed indicates the severity of the systemic consequences. Users often prioritize parameters based on the correlation between a region and its corresponding functional area, which represents the probability of static electricity entering that region. Other parameters, representing the circuit board's inherent fault tolerance after being subjected to static interference (e.g., filtering, software fault tolerance), can be set lower.

[0043] These cases are then weighted and scored to obtain the corresponding electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection requirement score Qi. For example, let Q1~Q4 represent the corresponding scores for the power supply area, radio frequency area, analog area, and digital processing area, respectively. According to the above formula, the scores are Q1=2.95, Q2=2.55, Q3=2.45, and Q4=2.15. After linear normalization, the corresponding Qj for Q1~Q4 are: 1, 0.5, 0.375, and 0.

[0044] Next, based on Qj, the target equivalent grounding impedance level for the corresponding functional area can be set according to the specified range: 0~0.25 is designated as Level 1, corresponding to one conductive connector; 0.25~0.5 is designated as Level 2, corresponding to two conductive connectors; 0.5~0.75 is designated as Level 1, corresponding to three conductive connectors; and 0.75~1 is designated as Level 4, corresponding to four conductive connectors. This allows for different numbers of conductive connectors to be connected, achieving different target equivalent grounding impedances. At this point, controlling the insertion or withdrawal of the insulating sheet by controlling the moving component allows for the control of the corresponding number of connectors.

[0045] In summary, by setting different numbers of conductive connectors in the power supply area, radio frequency area, analog area, and digital processing area, the equivalent grounding impedance from each functional area to the metal casing is adjusted, thus creating electrostatic discharge paths of varying strengths in each functional area. Specifically, adjusting the number of conductive connectors according to the levels calculated by the above formula allows the digital processing area to form a priority electrostatic discharge path to reduce electrostatic interference to the core control circuit; the power supply area forms an auxiliary discharge path to share the electrostatic current and reduce its impact on the power supply network; the radio frequency area forms a controlled discharge path while ensuring radio frequency performance to reduce the impact of electrostatics on radio frequency signals; and the analog area maintains a high equivalent grounding impedance to prevent electrostatic current from flowing through sensitive analog circuits, thereby improving the overall electrostatic immunity of the system.

[0046] It should be noted that any reference signs placed between parentheses in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of components or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding a component does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such components. The invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different components and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

[0047] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms should not be construed as necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A smart panel based on grounded electrostatic protection with a metal casing, characterized in that: include: A printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board is provided with a ground layer, and multiple functional areas are centrally arranged on the printed circuit board, each functional area is provided with corresponding electronic devices, and a number of conductive connecting strips are provided on the edge of the printed circuit board, each conductive connecting strip corresponding to one of the functional areas, and the conductive connecting strips are electrically connected to the ground layer. A metal shielding cover covers the multiple functional areas. The interior and edges of the metal shielding cover form several mutually isolated isolation chambers around each functional area through an isolation structure. Each isolation chamber is electrically connected to the grounding layer. A metal housing houses the printed circuit board, with a gap between the printed circuit board and the metal housing; Multiple conductive connectors are distributed in the gap between the printed circuit board and the metal housing. Each conductive connector has several conductive connectors distributed in it. Each conductive connector has an adjustment component. The adjustment component selectively conducts different numbers of conductive connectors, thereby changing the equivalent grounding impedance from each isolation chamber to the metal housing, thereby controlling the electrostatic discharge path.

2. The smart panel based on metal casing grounding electrostatic protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive connector is a metal spring or conductive foam. One end of the conductive connector is fixedly connected to the metal housing, and the other end of the conductive connector can contact the conductive connecting strip.

3. A smart panel based on grounded electrostatic protection of a metal casing as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The adjustment component includes a movable component, which drives a plurality of insulating sheets. The movable component causes the insulating sheets to insert or retract between the conductive connector and the conductive connecting strip. When the insulating sheet is inserted between the conductive connector and the conductive connecting strip, the conductive connecting unit is electrically isolated from the conductive connecting strip. When the insulating sheet retracts from the conductive connector and the conductive connecting strip, the conductive connecting unit is electrically connected to the conductive connecting strip.

4. A smart panel based on grounded electrostatic protection of a metal casing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable component includes several sequentially driven rotating wheels with different transmission ratios. One of the rotating wheels is driven by a rotating motor. The movable component is located below the conductive connecting strip. Each rotating wheel has an insulating sheet on its axial outer edge. When the insulating sheet is driven to a preset angle range, it inserts into the conductive connector and the conductive connecting strip. Through the mechanical linkage between the rotating wheels with different transmission ratios, the connection state of multiple conductive connectors and the conductive connecting strip is controlled.

5. A smart panel based on grounded electrostatic protection of a metal casing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the insulating sheet is coated with a wear-resistant material.

6. A smart panel based on grounded electrostatic protection of a metal casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional areas include several of the following: power supply area, radio frequency area, analog area, and digital processing area. The printed circuit board has conductive pads at the edges of each functional area. The conductive pads are connected to the ground layer. After the metal shielding cover covers the functional areas, the isolation structure and the conductive pads are electrically connected.

7. A smart panel based on grounded electrostatic protection of a metal casing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conductive connecting strips are respectively disposed near the shortest electrical connection path from the power supply area, the radio frequency area, the analog area, and the digital processing area to the edge of the printed circuit board.

8. A smart panel based on grounded electrostatic protection of a metal casing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The system includes a control system that records the locations of the power supply area, the radio frequency area, the analog area, and the digital processing area. The control system accumulates user experience regarding the distribution of frequently used areas, as well as experience regarding the external exposure, device sensitivity, and abnormal impact of each functional area. It then performs weighted scoring to obtain the electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection requirement score for each functional area, determines the target equivalent grounding impedance level for the corresponding functional area, and adjusts the equivalent grounding impedance of each functional area through the corresponding isolation chamber to the metal casing by controlling the number of conductive connectors connected to each conductive connector, so that different functional areas form ESD discharge paths of different strengths.

9. A smart panel based on grounded electrostatic protection of a metal casing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control system accumulates user experience regarding the distribution of frequently used areas, as well as experience on the external exposure, device sensitivity, and abnormal impact levels of each functional area. It then performs weighted scoring to obtain the electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection requirement score for each functional zone, determines the target equivalent grounding impedance level for each functional zone, and adjusts the equivalent grounding impedance of each functional zone through the corresponding isolation chamber to the metal casing by controlling the number of conductive connectors connected to each conductive strip. This ensures that different functional zones form ESD discharge paths of varying strengths, including: The electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection requirement score Qi for each functional zone is calculated using the following formula: Where Hi represents the user’s experience of the correlation between the frequently pressed area and the corresponding functional area, Mi represents the user’s experience of the external exposure of the corresponding functional area, Ei represents the user’s experience of the device sensitivity of the corresponding functional area, Si represents the user’s experience of the abnormal impact of the corresponding functional area after being disturbed, and a, b, c, and d represent the weight coefficients of the corresponding functional areas respectively. The electrostatic protection requirement score Qi is linearly normalized to obtain Qj; The target equivalent grounding impedance level of the corresponding functional area is determined based on Qj. By controlling the number of conductive connectors connected to each conductive connector strip, the equivalent grounding impedance of each functional area through the corresponding isolation compartment to the metal shell is adjusted so that different functional areas form electrostatic discharge paths of different strengths. Among them, the functional area with a higher Qj is connected to a larger number of conductive connectors.

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