Fluid self-excited vibration anti-blocking chest drainage tube and anti-blocking drainage method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to a fluid self-excited vibration anti-blockage chest drainage tube and an anti-blockage drainage method. It includes a drainage tube body made of medical flexible material; 3-5 chamfered drainage holes are evenly distributed circumferentially at the distal end of the drainage tube body, with rounded edges at the holes having a radius of 0.3-0.5 mm; a threaded connector for quick connection with an external drainage device is fixedly provided at the proximal end of the drainage tube body. The core of this invention, the turbulence section and the variable cross-section oscillation section, are independently arranged along the tube axis, completely avoiding the low vibration efficiency and easy jamming problems caused by the simultaneous placement of the vibrating component and the variable cross-section structure in the prior art. The self-excited vibration generating cavity formed relies solely on the fluid kinetic energy of the pleural effusion or gas to drive the vibration, requiring no external power, significantly reducing equipment complexity and infection risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to a fluid self-excited vibration anti-blockage chest drainage tube and an anti-blockage drainage method. Background Technology

[0002] Thoracic drainage is a core treatment for thoracic surgical diseases such as pleural effusion and pneumothorax. The patency of the drainage tube directly determines the treatment effect and patient safety. Traditional thoracic drainage tubes are mostly smooth straight tubes, which are prone to blockage in clinical applications due to the deposition and adhesion of blood clots, fibrin clots, and tissue debris on the inner wall of the tube or at the drainage hole. This not only leads to decreased drainage efficiency and intrathoracic pressure imbalance, but in severe cases, it may also cause complications such as mediastinal shift and poor lung re-expansion, threatening the patient's life. To solve the above problems, existing technologies have developed anti-blockage drainage tubes with vibration functions. However, such products generally rely on external motors or air pumps to drive the vibration, which not only increases the complexity of the equipment and the cost of clinical use, but also poses the risk of loose tube interfaces and increased infection risk. At the same time, some solutions integrate the vibration component with the variable cross-section turbulence structure in the same location, resulting in increased flow resistance and serious vibration energy loss, which reduces the anti-blockage efficiency and is prone to secondary blockage due to structural jamming. Another core flaw of existing anti-clogging drainage tubes lies in the insufficient synergy between anti-sticking and turbulence design; Traditional drainage tubes rely on a common anti-stick coating to reduce adhesion, but this coating is prone to wear and failure over time. Furthermore, the drainage holes are often designed with straight edges, which can leave solid particles and cause deposits. Some turbulence structures use rigid blades or fixed baffles, which cannot adaptively adjust the turbulence intensity according to the fluid velocity, resulting in unstable turbulence and difficulty in continuously breaking up blood clots and tissue debris. These shortcomings lead to a persistently high clogging rate in existing anti-clogging drainage tubes, requiring frequent tube replacements in clinical practice. This not only increases patient suffering and the medical burden but also raises the workload of healthcare workers. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of chest drainage tube that requires no external power, provides stable anti-clogging performance, and is suitable for clinical needs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fluid self-excited vibration anti-blockage chest drainage tube and an anti-blockage drainage method, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A fluid self-excited vibration anti-blockage chest drainage tube includes a drainage tube body, which is made of a medical flexible material. The distal end of the drainage tube body has 3-5 chamfered drainage holes evenly distributed circumferentially, with rounded edges at the holes having a radius of 0.3-0.5 mm. The proximal end of the drainage tube body is fixedly provided with a threaded connector for quick connection to an external drainage device, the threaded connector being integrally formed with the drainage tube body. The drainage tube body is sequentially divided into a turbulence section and a variable cross-section oscillation section along the fluid flow direction. The turbulence section is located in the front middle section of the drainage tube body, and the variable cross-section oscillation section is located downstream of the turbulence section. The turbulence section and the variable cross-section oscillation section are arranged independently along the axis of the drainage tube body, with an axial spacing of 15-25 mm. The variable cross-section oscillation section and the turbulence section together form a self-excited vibration generating cavity. Three airfoil-shaped turbulence elements arranged in a 120° annular array are fixedly installed inside the turbulence section. The airfoil-shaped turbulence elements are made of medical-grade silicone. The frontal surface of the airfoil-shaped turbulence elements has a rounded convex structure, and the backal surface has a smooth concave structure. The wingspan is 1 / 3 of the inner diameter of the drainage tube body, and the chord length is 2 / 3 of the inner diameter. 3. The fixed end of the airfoil-shaped flow disruptor is integrally formed with the inner wall of the drainage tube body, and the free end is tilted backward at 15° along the fluid flow direction; the variable cross-section oscillation section is alternately arranged with three sets of contraction sub-segments and expansion sub-segments along the fluid flow direction. The contraction sub-segments and expansion sub-segments form a periodic variable cross-section flow channel. The cross-sectional diameter of each set of contraction sub-segments smoothly shrinks from 1D to 0.5D from the inner diameter of the drainage tube body, with a contraction length of 1.2D. The cross-sectional diameter of each set of expansion sub-segments smoothly expands from 0.5D to 1.2D, with an expansion length of 1.5D. The connection between adjacent contraction sub-segments and expansion sub-segments is made with a rounded transition; the inner wall of the drainage tube body is coated with a medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating with a thickness of 5-10μm around its entire circumference.

[0005] Preferably, a gap is left between the free end of the airfoil spoiler and the inner wall of the main body of the drainage pipe, the gap width is 1 / 6 of the inner diameter of the main body of the drainage pipe, and the edge of the free end is provided with a smooth transition surface.

[0006] Preferably, the radius of the circular arc transition between the contraction segment and the expansion segment in the variable cross-section oscillation segment is 0.2-0.4D, and the contraction rate of the contraction segment and the expansion rate of the expansion segment change linearly.

[0007] Preferably, the medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating is a polyethylene glycol modified polyurethane coating with a water contact angle ≤15° on the coating surface.

[0008] Preferably, the number of drainage holes is at least four, which are evenly distributed around the distal end of the drainage tube body, and the axis of the holes is inclined outward at a 30° angle to the axis of the drainage tube body.

[0009] A method for preventing clogging of a fluid self-excited vibration-based chest drainage tube as described above includes the following steps: S1: Insert the distal end of the drainage tube into the patient's affected area through the clinical puncture channel, so that the drainage hole is completely in the area of ​​pleural effusion or pneumothorax, and seal it with the external drainage device through the proximal threaded connector. S2: Under the influence of the internal pressure and the negative pressure difference between the external drainage device and the accumulated fluid or gas in the affected area, it enters the body of the drainage tube through the drainage hole, forming a fluid that flows along the axial direction of the tube. S3: The fluid flows along the axial direction of the main body of the diversion pipe to the turbulence section, and after being disturbed by three airfoil turbulent elements arranged in a 120° annular array, it forms a stable turbulence; S4: The turbulent fluid continues to flow downstream and enters the variable cross-section oscillation section. Under the action of the periodically alternating contraction and expansion sub-segments, the fluid velocity and pressure change alternately, forming periodic pressure fluctuations. S5: The superposition of periodic pressure fluctuations and turbulent disturbances generates a resonance effect, driving the main body of the drainage tube to generate high-frequency self-excited vibration of 50-200Hz. The vibration energy is transferred to the inner wall of the main body of the drainage tube and the area around the drainage hole, breaking up the solid particles that are about to be deposited and preventing them from adhering and condensing. At the same time, the vibration wave propagates radially along the tube body to clear the initially slightly blocked tube section. Combined with the medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating, it achieves anti-blockage drainage.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, the insertion depth of the main body of the drainage tube is 3-4 cm, and the distance between the drainage hole and the inner wall of the chest cavity is ≥1 cm, so as to avoid the drainage hole from adhering to the inner wall of the chest cavity.

[0011] Preferably, in step S3, the fluid velocity range is 50-200 mL / min, corresponding to a turbulent Reynolds number of 2000-5000, and the disturbance intensity of the airfoil-shaped turbulence element increases linearly with the increase of fluid velocity.

[0012] Preferably, in step S5, the frequency of the high-frequency self-excited vibration is adaptively adjusted according to the fluid flow rate. When the fluid flow rate is 50 mL / min, the vibration frequency is 50 Hz; when the flow rate is 100 mL / min, the vibration frequency is 125 Hz; and when the flow rate is 200 mL / min, the vibration frequency is 200 Hz. The frequency adjustment follows a linear increasing pattern.

[0013] Preferably, in step S5, the propagation range of the vibration wave covers a 12-15cm section of the drainage tube body, and the vibration energy is concentrated around the drainage hole and in the turbulence section and variable cross-section oscillation section. The medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating reduces the adhesion between solid particles and the tube wall, and works synergistically with the vibration to improve the anti-clogging effect.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1) The main body of the drainage tube of the present invention is made of medical flexible material to ensure the comfort of clinical insertion. The chamfering and rounding of the distal drainage hole reduces the debris residue at the edge of the hole. The one-piece molding design of the proximal threaded connector improves the sealing performance of the connection with the external drainage device. The core turbulence section and the variable cross-section oscillation section are arranged independently along the tube axis, which completely avoids the problems of low vibration efficiency and easy jamming caused by the vibration component and the variable cross-section structure being set in the same position in the prior art. The self-excited vibration generation chamber formed can drive vibration by relying only on the fluid kinetic energy of pleural effusion or gas, without the need for external power, which greatly reduces the complexity of the equipment and the risk of infection. 2) The three airfoil-shaped turbulence components arranged in a 120° annular array within the turbulence section of this invention, with their streamlined design of a convex arc structure on the front and a smooth concave structure on the back, can form stable turbulence when the fluid flows through. Furthermore, the 15° tilt angle at the free end and the 1 / 6 gap design of the inner diameter further enhance the adaptive adjustment capability of the disturbance intensity. The three sets of contraction and expansion sub-segments of the variable cross-section oscillation section form a periodic flow channel, causing the turbulent fluid to generate periodic pressure fluctuations. After being superimposed with the turbulent disturbance, it drives the main body of the drainage tube to generate high-frequency self-excited vibration of 50-200Hz. The vibration energy is concentrated around the drainage hole and in the self-excited vibration generation cavity area, continuously breaking up solid particles and preventing adhesion. Combined with the medical hydrophilic anti-adhesion coating that is fully coated on the inner wall of the drainage tube, the adhesion force between solid particles and the tube wall is further reduced, achieving a positive correlation between the anti-blocking effect and the drainage efficiency, significantly extending the service life of the drainage tube, and improving the safety and reliability of thoracic drainage treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the airfoil spoiler structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0016] Among them: 100, main body of drainage tube; 110, drainage hole; 120, threaded joint; 200, turbulence section; 210, airfoil turbulence component; 211, arc-shaped protrusion structure; 212, smooth concave structure; 300, variable cross-section oscillation section; 310, contraction sub-section; 320, expansion sub-section; 400, medical hydrophilic non-stick coating. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0018] The following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further detailed explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terminology used in this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. It should be noted in the description of this invention that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] Example like Figures 1-6As shown, a fluid self-excited vibration anti-blockage chest drainage tube includes a drainage tube body 100, which is made of medical flexible material. The distal end of the drainage tube body 100 has 3-5 chamfered drainage holes 110 evenly distributed circumferentially, with rounded edges at the openings of the drainage holes 110, the radius of which is 0.3-0.5 mm. The proximal end of the drainage tube body 100 is fixedly provided with a threaded connector 120 for quick connection with an external drainage device, the threaded connector 120 being integrally formed with the drainage tube body 100. The main body 100 of the drainage tube is divided into two sections along the fluid flow direction: a turbulence section 200 and a variable cross-section oscillation section 300. The turbulence section 200 is located in the front middle section of the main body 100, and the variable cross-section oscillation section 300 is located downstream of the turbulence section 200. The turbulence section 200 and the variable cross-section oscillation section 300 are arranged independently along the axis of the main body 100, with an axial spacing of 15-25 mm. The variable cross-section oscillation section 300 and the turbulence section 200 together form a self-excited vibration generating cavity. Three airfoil-shaped turbulence elements 210 arranged in a 120° annular array are fixedly installed inside the turbulence section 200. The airfoil-shaped turbulence elements 210 are made of medical-grade silicone. The frontal surface of the airfoil-shaped turbulence elements 210 has a rounded convex structure 211, and the backal surface has a smooth concave structure 212. The wingspan is 1 / 3 of the inner diameter of the main body 100 of the drainage tube, and the chord length is... Two-thirds of the inner diameter, the fixed end of the airfoil-shaped flow spoiler 210 is integrally formed with the inner wall of the drainage tube body 100, and the free end is inclined backward at 15° along the fluid flow direction; the variable cross-section oscillation section 300 is alternately provided with three sets of contraction sub-segments 310 and expansion sub-segments 320 along the fluid flow direction. The contraction sub-segments 310 and expansion sub-segments 320 form a periodic variable cross-section flow channel. The cross-sectional diameter of each set of contraction sub-segments 310 smoothly shrinks from the inner diameter 1D of the drainage tube body 100 to 0.5D, and the contraction length is 1.2D. The cross-sectional diameter of each set of expansion sub-segments 320 smoothly expands from 0.5D to 1.2D, and the expansion length is 1.5D. The connection between adjacent contraction sub-segments 310 and expansion sub-segments 320 adopts an arc transition; the inner wall of the drainage tube body 100 is coated with a medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating 400 with a thickness of 5-10μm around its entire circumference.

[0022] Specifically, in clinical use, the distal end of the drainage tube body 100 is inserted into the patient's pleural cavity, and the threaded connector 120 at the proximal end is sealed to the external drainage device. Under the action of pressure difference, the pleural effusion or gas enters the lumen through the drainage hole 110 at the distal end of the drainage tube body 100. The chamfered and rounded corner structure of the drainage hole 110 can reduce the resistance when the fluid enters and prevent particles from remaining at the edge of the hole. The fluid flows axially along the main body 100 of the diversion pipe and first reaches the turbulence section 200 in the middle front section. When it flows through the three airfoil turbulence elements 210 arranged in a 120° annular array, the arc-shaped convex structure 211 on the front side of the airfoil turbulence element 210 diverts the fluid, and the smooth concave structure 212 on the back side forms a low-pressure area. Combined with the 15° tilt angle at the free end, the fluid forms a stable turbulence. The turbulent fluid continues to flow downstream to the variable cross-section oscillation section 300. In the periodic flow channel formed by three sets of alternating contraction sub-sections 310 and expansion sub-sections 320, the flow velocity and pressure change alternately, generating periodic pressure fluctuations. After the pressure fluctuations and turbulent disturbances are superimposed, they drive the drainage tube body 100 to generate high-frequency self-excited vibrations. The vibration energy is transferred to the tube wall and the area around the drainage hole 110. At the same time, the medical hydrophilic anti-adhesion coating 400 on the inner wall of the drainage tube body 100 reduces the adhesion of particles, effectively preventing the deposition of blood clots and tissue debris, and achieving anti-blockage drainage without external power.

[0023] In this embodiment, a gap is left between the free end of the airfoil spoiler 210 and the inner wall of the drainage tube body 100. The gap width is 1 / 6 of the inner diameter of the drainage tube body 100, and a smooth transition surface 212 is provided at the edge of the free end.

[0024] Specifically, the 1 / 6 inner diameter gap reserved between the free end of the airfoil spoiler 210 and the inner wall of the main body 100 of the drainage pipe can prevent the fluid from forming a stagnation zone when it flows through the spoiler section 200, reduce the accumulation of solid particles at the connection between the airfoil spoiler 210 and the pipe wall, and at the same time provide slight deformation space for the airfoil spoiler 210, improving its adaptability to fluids with different flow velocities. The smooth transition surface 212 at the edge of the free end can reduce the local resistance when the fluid is flushed, prevent turbulent eddies from being generated, and ensure that the fluid forms a uniform and stable turbulent state after being disturbed by the airfoil spoiler 210. When the fluid velocity changes, the streamlined structure of the gap and the smooth transition surface 212, combined with the airfoil-shaped turbulence-inducing component 210, allows the turbulence intensity to adaptively adjust with the flow velocity. This ensures effective disturbance at low flow velocities while avoiding excessive flow channel resistance at high flow velocities. The airfoil-shaped turbulence-inducing component 210 works in synergy with the turbulence-inducing section 200 and the main body of the guide pipe 100 to lay the foundation for stable pressure fluctuations in the subsequent variable cross-section oscillation section 300. This further enhances the regularity of self-excited vibration, improves the dispersion effect on solid particles, and reduces the risk of clogging.

[0025] In this embodiment: the arc transition radius between the contraction segment 310 and the expansion segment 320 in the variable cross-section oscillation segment 300 is 0.2-0.4D, and the contraction rate of the contraction segment 310 and the expansion rate of the expansion segment 320 change linearly.

[0026] Specifically, the 0.2-0.4D circular arc transition radius between the contraction segment 310 and the expansion segment 320 in the variable cross-section oscillation section 300 can prevent the fluid from generating vortices and losing energy at the abrupt change in the flow channel cross-section, ensuring a smooth transition of fluid velocity and pressure. The linear contraction rate of the contraction segment 310 and the linear expansion rate of the expansion segment 320 work together to make the pressure fluctuation of the turbulent fluid exhibit regular periodic changes when flowing through the variable cross-section oscillation section 300, avoiding the vibration frequency disorder caused by abrupt changes in velocity. When the turbulent fluid flows from the turbulence section 200 into the variable cross-section oscillation section 300, it is accelerated and pressurized in the contraction section 310, and decelerated and depressurized after entering the expansion section 320. The linear rate change makes this process continuous and controllable. The resulting pressure fluctuations and the frequency of turbulent disturbances are more likely to superimpose and resonate, driving the main body of the drainage pipe 100 to generate stable 50-200Hz high-frequency vibrations. The vibration energy is more concentrated and can act more precisely on the pipe wall and the area around the drainage hole 110, effectively dispersing particles that are about to be deposited and improving the stability of anti-clogging.

[0027] In this embodiment: the medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating 400 is a polyethylene glycol modified polyurethane coating with a water contact angle of ≤15° on the coating surface.

[0028] Specifically, the medical hydrophilic anti-adhesive coating 400 is made of polyethylene glycol modified polyurethane. Its surface water contact angle of ≤15° makes the inner wall of the drainage tube body 100 form a super-hydrophilic interface. When the fluid flows through, a uniform water film is formed on the coating surface, which greatly reduces the adhesion of solid particles such as blood clots and tissue debris to the inner wall of the drainage tube body 100. Under the high-frequency self-excited vibration generated by the main body 100 of the drainage tube, even if a small number of particles come into contact with the tube wall, they will be peeled off by the combined action of vibration energy and water film, preventing the particles from gradually depositing and forming blockages. The coating is applied to the inner wall of the main body 100 of the drainage tube around the entire circumference. It works in conjunction with the vibration of the turbulence section 200 and the variable cross-section oscillation section 300. The vibration energy is responsible for breaking up large particles, while the medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating 400 is responsible for preventing small particles from adhering. The two complement each other. At the same time, the polyethylene glycol modified polyurethane material has good biocompatibility and wear resistance, and can remain effective for a long time during the drainage process. Combined with the flexible material of the main body 100 of the drainage tube, it does not affect the insertion of the tube and the transmission of vibration, and can extend the service life of the drainage tube, ensuring the continuous and stable anti-blockage effect.

[0029] In this embodiment, there are at least four drainage holes 110, which are evenly distributed around the distal end of the drainage tube body 100, and the axis of the holes is inclined outward at a 30° angle to the axis of the drainage tube body 100.

[0030] Specifically, at least four drainage holes 110 are provided and evenly distributed around the distal end of the drainage tube body 100. This expands the fluid aspiration range, prevents overall drainage failure due to blockage of a single drainage hole 110, and improves drainage redundancy. The design of the hole axis tilting outward at a 30° angle to the axis of the drainage tube body 100 allows the drainage hole 110 to open towards different areas of the pleural cavity, while reducing the probability of the drainage hole 110 adhering to the inner wall of the pleural cavity after the drainage tube body 100 is inserted, ensuring that effusion or gas can smoothly enter the lumen. The combination of the numerous drainage holes 110 and their tilt angles makes the fluid flow into the main body 100 of the drainage pipe more uniform, providing sufficient and continuous fluid power for the airfoil-shaped turbulent component 210 of the turbulence section 200 to generate stable turbulence. When the main body 100 of the drainage pipe generates high-frequency vibration, the vibration energy is transmitted through the far end of the main body 100 of the drainage pipe to the area around each drainage hole 110. With the rounded corner structure of the orifice, it can effectively disperse the particles that are about to be deposited near the orifice, and prevent the drainage holes 110 from being blocked. Together with the turbulence disturbance and anti-stick coating in the pipe, it forms a full-process anti-blocking system from the inlet to the pipe cavity.

[0031] A method for preventing clogging of a chest drainage tube using fluid self-excited vibration as described above includes the following steps: S1: Insert the distal end of the drainage tube body 100 into the patient's affected area through the clinical puncture channel, so that the drainage hole 110 is completely in the area of ​​pleural effusion or pneumothorax, and seal it with the external drainage device through the proximal threaded connector 120. S2: Under the action of the internal pressure and the negative pressure difference of the external drainage device, the accumulated fluid or gas in the affected area enters the body of the drainage tube 100 through the drainage hole 110, forming a fluid flowing along the axial direction of the tube. S3: The fluid flows axially along the main body 100 of the diversion pipe to the turbulence section 200, and after being disturbed by three airfoil turbulent elements 210 arranged in a 120° annular array, it forms a stable turbulence. S4: The turbulent fluid continues to flow downstream and enters the variable cross-section oscillation section 300. Under the action of the periodically alternating contraction section 310 and expansion section 320, the fluid velocity and pressure change alternately, forming periodic pressure fluctuations. S5: The superposition of periodic pressure fluctuations and turbulent disturbances generates a resonance effect, driving the main body of the drainage tube 100 to generate high-frequency self-excited vibration of 50-200Hz. The vibration energy is transferred to the inner wall of the main body of the drainage tube 100 and the area around the drainage hole 110, breaking up the solid particles that are about to be deposited and preventing them from adhering and condensing. At the same time, the vibration wave propagates radially along the tube body to clear the initially slightly blocked tube section. Combined with the medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating 400, it achieves anti-blockage drainage.

[0032] Specifically, during drainage, in step S1, the distal end of the drainage tube body 100 is inserted into the affected area through the puncture channel, ensuring that the drainage hole 110 is completely within the fluid or gas accumulation area. The threaded connector 120 is sealed to the external drainage device, providing a stable pressure environment for drainage. In step S2, the internal pressure and the negative pressure difference of the external device create a driving force, causing fluid to enter the drainage tube body 100 through the drainage hole 110, forming an axially flowing fluid bundle. In step S3, when the fluid flows through the turbulence section 200, the special structure of the three airfoil-shaped turbulence elements 210 breaks the laminar flow state of the fluid, utilizing the pressure difference between the front and back surfaces to form stable turbulence, thus providing a stable pressure environment for drainage. Subsequent vibrations provide the basic disturbance. In step S4, the turbulent fluid enters the variable cross-section oscillation section 300. Under the alternating action of the contraction section 310 and the expansion section 320, the flow velocity and pressure change periodically, generating regular pressure fluctuations. In step S5, the pressure fluctuations and turbulent disturbances resonate, driving the drainage tube body 100 to generate a high-frequency vibration of 50-200Hz. The vibration energy is transferred to the tube wall and drainage hole 110, breaking up solid particles and preventing adhesion. At the same time, the medical hydrophilic anti-adhesion coating 400 reduces particle adhesion. The entire process does not require external power. Through the synergy of fluid kinetic energy and structural design, simultaneous and efficient anti-blocking and drainage are achieved.

[0033] In this embodiment: In step S1, the insertion depth of the drainage tube body 100 is 3-4cm, and the distance between the area where the drainage hole 110 is located and the inner wall of the chest cavity is ≥1cm, so as to avoid the drainage hole 110 from adhering to the inner wall of the chest cavity.

[0034] Specifically, in step S1, the insertion depth of the drainage tube body 100 is 3-4 cm, which ensures that the drainage hole 110 is completely submerged in the area of ​​fluid or gas accumulation. This avoids the drainage hole 110 being exposed to gas due to shallow insertion or touching the thoracic organs due to excessive depth. At the same time, the distance between the area where the drainage hole 110 is located and the inner wall of the thoracic cavity is ≥1 cm. Combined with the 30° outward tilt angle of the drainage hole 110, this effectively prevents the drainage hole 110 from adhering to the inner wall and causing drainage obstruction. This ensures that the fluid can continuously and stably enter the drainage tube body 100, which not only ensures the safety of clinical use but also provides a stable entry condition for subsequent fluid flow. Sufficient fluid flow allows the airfoil-shaped baffle 210 of the turbulence section 200 to generate turbulence of sufficient intensity, which provides a guarantee for the formation of effective pressure fluctuations in the variable cross-section oscillation section 300. This ensures the strength and stability of the self-excited vibration, avoids the decrease in anti-blocking effect due to insufficient fluid supply, and reduces frictional damage between the distal end of the drainage tube body 100 and the inner wall of the thoracic cavity.

[0035] In this embodiment: In step S3, the fluid velocity range is 50-200 mL / min, the corresponding turbulent Reynolds number is 2000-5000, and the disturbance intensity of the airfoil turbulence element 210 increases linearly with the increase of fluid velocity.

[0036] Specifically, in step S3, the fluid velocity range of 50-200 mL / min is matched with the turbulent Reynolds number of 2000-5000, ensuring that the fluid can form stable and sufficiently strong turbulence when it flows through the turbulence section 200. When the fluid velocity is in this range, the arc-shaped protrusion structure 211 on the front side and the smooth concave structure 212 on the back side of the airfoil turbulence component 210 can fully exert the turbulence effect. When the velocity increases, the impact force of the fluid on the airfoil turbulence component 210 is enhanced, the turbulence intensity is linearly increased, and the degree of turbulence and energy increase synchronously. The adaptive disturbance regulation and the flow channel design of the variable cross-section oscillation section 300 work together to generate stronger turbulence at high flow rates, which, combined with the contraction section 310 and the expansion section 320, produce greater pressure fluctuations. These fluctuations, when superimposed, drive the main body of the drainage pipe 100 to generate higher frequency vibrations, which can efficiently disperse a large number of flowing solid particles. At low flow rates, moderate turbulence and pressure fluctuations can also maintain the basic vibration and prevent initial minor blockages.

[0037] In this embodiment: In step S5, the frequency of the high-frequency self-excited vibration is adaptively adjusted according to the fluid flow rate. When the fluid flow rate is 50 mL / min, the vibration frequency is 50 Hz; when the flow rate is 100 mL / min, the vibration frequency is 125 Hz; and when the flow rate is 200 mL / min, the vibration frequency is 200 Hz. The frequency adjustment follows a linear increasing law.

[0038] Specifically, in step S5, the frequency of high-frequency self-excited vibration increases linearly with the fluid velocity. When the fluid velocity is 50 mL / min, the turbulence intensity generated by the airfoil turbulence component 210 is moderate, and the pressure fluctuation frequency formed by the contraction section 310 and expansion section 320 of the variable cross section oscillation section 300 is low. After superposition, the main body 100 of the drainage tube generates 50 Hz vibration, which can effectively prevent the deposition of a small amount of particles. When the flow rate increases to 100 mL / min, the turbulence intensity increases, and the pressure fluctuation amplitude and frequency increase synchronously, with the vibration frequency increasing to 125 Hz. This can break up more particles in the flow. When the flow rate reaches 200 mL / min, the strong turbulence and high-frequency pressure fluctuations superimpose, and the vibration frequency increases to 200 Hz, which can meet the anti-clogging requirements of a large number of particles under high flow rates. The linearly increasing frequency adjustment mechanism allows the vibration energy of the drainage tube body 100 to be precisely matched with the number and flow state of solid particles in the fluid. This avoids the waste of vibration energy at low flow rates and ensures sufficient anti-clogging effect at high flow rates. Combined with the effect of the medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating 400, it achieves efficient anti-clogging across the entire flow rate range.

[0039] In this embodiment: In step S5, the propagation range of the vibration wave covers the 12-15cm distal section of the drainage tube body 100, and the vibration energy is concentrated around the drainage hole 110 and in the areas of the turbulence section 200 and the variable cross-section oscillation section 300. The medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating 400 reduces the adhesion force between solid particles and the tube wall, and works synergistically with the vibration to improve the anti-blocking effect.

[0040] Specifically, in step S5, the vibration wave covers the 12-15cm section of the drainage tube body 100 at the far end, so that the vibration energy is concentrated on the core part where particles are easy to deposit. The vibration energy forms energy focus in these areas, which can not only continuously disperse the particles that are about to be deposited on the edge of the drainage hole 110, but also shake the particles attached to the tube wall of the turbulence section 200 and the variable cross-section oscillation section 300. At the same time, the vibration wave propagates radially along the tube body, which can actively clear the tube section that is slightly blocked in the early stage. The medical hydrophilic anti-adhesion coating 400 reduces the adhesion between solid particles and the inner wall of the drainage tube body 100, making it easier for vibration energy to peel off the particles. Vibration further reduces the contact time between the particles and the coating, which not only effectively prevents blockage but also actively clears minor blockages, greatly improving the reliability of the drainage tube body 100, extending its service life, ensuring the continuity and safety of thoracic drainage treatment, and adapting to complex clinical drainage scenarios.

[0041] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0042] As is known from common technical knowledge, this invention can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this invention or its equivalents are included in this invention.

Claims

1. A fluid self-excited vibration anti-blockage chest drainage tube, characterized in that, It includes a drainage tube body (100), wherein the drainage tube body (100) is a medical flexible material tube body; The distal end of the main body (100) of the drainage tube is uniformly provided with 3-5 chamfered drainage holes (110), and the edges of the drainage holes (110) are rounded. The proximal end of the drainage tube body (100) is fixedly provided with a threaded connector (120) for quick connection with an external drainage device, and the threaded connector (120) is integrally formed with the drainage tube body (100). The main body (100) of the drainage tube is provided with a turbulence section (200) and a variable cross-section oscillation section (300) in sequence along the fluid flow direction. The turbulence section (200) is located in the middle front section of the main body (100), and the variable cross-section oscillation section (300) is located downstream of the turbulence section (200). The turbulence section (200) and the variable cross-section oscillation section (300) are arranged independently front and back along the axis of the main body (100), and the variable cross-section oscillation section (300) and the turbulence section (200) together constitute a self-excited vibration generating cavity. The turbulence section (200) is internally fixed with three airfoil turbulence components (210) arranged in a 120° annular array. The airfoil turbulence components (210) are made of medical silicone. The airfoil turbulence component (210) has a circular arc protrusion structure (211) on the front side and a smooth concave structure (212) on the back side. The fixed end of the airfoil turbulence component (210) is integrally formed with the inner wall of the drainage tube body (100). The variable cross-section oscillation section (300) is provided with three sets of contraction sub-sections (310) and expansion sub-sections (320) alternately arranged along the fluid flow direction. The contraction sub-sections (310) and expansion sub-sections (320) constitute a periodic variable cross-section flow channel. The cross-sectional diameter of each set of contraction sub-sections (310) is smoothly reduced from 1D to 0.5D from the inner diameter of the main body of the drainage pipe (100), and the contraction length is 1.2D. The cross-sectional diameter of each set of expansion sub-sections (320) is smoothly expanded from 0.5D to 1.2D, and the expansion length is 1.5D. The connection between adjacent contraction sub-sections (310) and expansion sub-sections (320) adopts a rounded transition. The inner wall of the drainage tube body (100) is coated with a medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating (400) around its entire circumference.

2. The fluid self-excited vibration anti-blockage chest drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The free end of the airfoil spoiler (210) is separated from the inner wall of the main body of the drainage pipe (100), and the edge of the free end is provided with a smooth transition surface (212).

3. The fluid self-excited vibration anti-blockage chest drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of the circular arc transition between the contraction segment (310) and the expansion segment (320) in the variable cross-section oscillation segment (300) is 0.2-0.4D, and the contraction rate of the contraction segment (310) and the expansion rate of the expansion segment (320) change linearly.

4. The fluid self-excited vibration anti-blockage chest drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating (400) is a polyethylene glycol modified polyurethane coating.

5. A fluid self-excited vibration anti-blockage chest drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of drainage holes (110) is at least 4, and they are evenly distributed around the far end of the drainage tube body (100). The axis of the holes is inclined outward at a 30° angle to the axis of the drainage tube body (100).

6. A method for preventing blockage of a fluid self-excited vibration-based chest drainage tube as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Insert the distal end of the drainage tube body (100) into the patient's affected area through the clinical puncture channel, so that the drainage hole (110) is completely in the area of ​​pleural effusion or pneumothorax, and seal it with the external drainage device through the proximal threaded connector (120); S2: Under the action of the internal pressure and the negative pressure difference of the external drainage device, the accumulated fluid or gas in the affected area enters the body of the drainage tube (100) through the drainage hole (110) and forms a fluid flowing along the tube axis; S3: The fluid flows axially along the main body (100) of the diversion pipe to the turbulence section (200), and after being disturbed by three airfoil turbulent elements (210) arranged in a 120° annular array, it forms a stable turbulence; S4: The turbulent fluid continues to flow downstream and enters the variable cross-section oscillation section (300). Under the action of the periodically alternating contraction sub-section (310) and expansion sub-section (320), the fluid velocity and pressure change alternately, forming periodic pressure fluctuations. S5: The periodic pressure fluctuation and turbulent disturbance superimpose to generate a resonance effect, driving the main body of the drainage tube (100) to generate a high-frequency self-excited vibration of 50-200Hz. The vibration energy is transmitted to the inner wall of the main body of the drainage tube (100) and the area around the drainage hole (110), which disperses the solid particles that are about to be deposited and prevents them from adhering and condensing. At the same time, the vibration wave propagates along the radial direction of the tube body to clear the initially slightly blocked tube section. Combined with the medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating (400), it achieves anti-blockage drainage.

7. The anti-blockage drainage method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the insertion depth of the drainage tube body (100) is 3-4cm, and the distance between the drainage hole (110) and the inner wall of the chest cavity is ≥1cm, so as to avoid the drainage hole (110) from adhering to the inner wall of the chest cavity.

8. The anti-blockage drainage method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the fluid velocity ranges from 50 to 200 mL / min, and the corresponding turbulent Reynolds number is 2000 to 5000. The disturbance intensity of the airfoil turbulence element (210) increases linearly with the increase of fluid velocity.

9. The anti-blockage drainage method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S5, the frequency of the high-frequency self-excited vibration is adaptively adjusted according to the fluid flow rate. When the fluid flow rate is 50 mL / min, the vibration frequency is 50 Hz; when the flow rate is 100 mL / min, the vibration frequency is 125 Hz; and when the flow rate is 200 mL / min, the vibration frequency is 200 Hz. The frequency adjustment follows a linear increasing pattern.

10. The anti-blockage drainage method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S5, the propagation range of the vibration wave covers a 12-15cm section of the drainage tube body (100) at the distal end, and the vibration energy is concentrated around the drainage hole (110) and in the turbulence section (200) and the variable cross-section oscillation section (300). The medical hydrophilic anti-stick coating (400) reduces the adhesion force between solid particles and the tube wall, and works synergistically with the vibration to improve the anti-blocking effect.

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