A spiral sand washing machine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of mining machinery and equipment technology, specifically to a spiral sand washing machine. It includes a support frame, on which a water tank for injecting mixed mortar is fixedly installed. An auger is rotatably installed inside a transmission trough on the upper part of the support frame. The output end of a drive assembly fixedly installed on one side of the support frame is fixedly connected to one end of the auger. An overflow pipe, including a transmission pipe, is fixedly installed at the overflow hole of the water tank. A collection assembly fixed to one side of the water tank includes a collection disc rotatably installed outside the transmission pipe. The collection disc rotates to switch the position of the collection trough, and when it rotates to the discharge position, fine sand is discharged. This invention achieves efficient fine sand interception and periodic discharge, sand-water separation and recirculation, automatic backwashing cleaning of the filter screen, and reliable transmission support, improving the finished sand recovery rate, reducing wastewater treatment pressure, and ensuring continuous and stable equipment operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining machinery and equipment technology, specifically to a spiral sand washing machine. Background Technology

[0002] As an important component in the field of mining machinery and equipment and liquid separation and purification equipment, the spiral sand washing machine is an energy-saving washing and beneficiation equipment that separates sand and slurry based on the principle of gravity sedimentation and water flushing. It drives the material to roll forward by rotating the spiral blades at low speed, so that the sand particles can complete continuous operations such as desliming, grading and conveying in the washing tank. It is suitable for solid-liquid separation in the production line of manufactured sand and the ore washing and beneficiation process.

[0003] Traditional spiral sand washing machines rely mainly on spiral blades to propel sand and gravel forward in the water tank and discharge mud and water through the overflow port. However, due to the large water flow disturbance during the washing process and the lack of an effective fine particle interception structure, small-sized fine sand is easily discharged from the overflow port along with the mud and water, resulting in a large amount of fine sand loss. This not only reduces the output of finished sand but also increases the burden of subsequent sedimentation and sewage treatment. Specific examples include the following: In a manufactured sand production line, when the raw sand contains a large number of fine particles with a diameter of less than 0.16mm, some of the fine sand will be carried directly out of the equipment and into the drainage system by the water flow during the sand washing process. Long-term operation will result in a significant loss of usable sand, thereby affecting the overall production efficiency and resource utilization rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spiral sand washing machine to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A spiral sand washing machine includes a support frame for installation at a ore washing site. A water tank for injecting mixed mortar is fixedly installed on the support frame. An auger for sand and gravel transport, sand washing, and sand-water separation is rotatably installed inside a transmission trough on the upper part of the support frame. A drive assembly is fixedly installed on one side of the support frame, and the output end of the drive assembly is fixedly connected to one end of the auger for driving the auger to rotate. An overflow pipe is fixedly installed at the overflow hole of the water tank. The overflow pipe includes a transmission pipe. A collection assembly fixed on one side of the water tank includes a collection tray rotatably installed outside the transmission pipe. The collection tray has a hollow channel inside and a collection trough communicating with the hollow channel. The collection trough communicates with the opening of the transmission pipe. A filter screen is fixed in the collection trough of the collection tray for filtering and collecting fine sand from the liquid entering the transmission pipe. The collection tray rotates to switch the position of the collection trough, and when it rotates to the discharge position, the fine sand is discharged.

[0006] Preferably, the overflow pipe further includes a first overflow pipe fixed to the overflow hole of the water tank, a guide pipe fixed at the lower part of the first overflow pipe rotating and fitting with the collection tray, the overflow channel of the first overflow pipe being connected to the transmission pipe through a second overflow pipe for drainage in the case of blockage of the collection tray, and the second overflow pipe being tortuous, with a float sensor for communicating with a computer fixedly installed at the bend of the second overflow pipe, the float sensor sending a blockage signal to the computer when there is water flow in the second overflow pipe.

[0007] Preferably, a transmission plate is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission pipe. The transmission plate is used to connect to the wastewater recycling and purification pipeline. The collection tray rotates through a transmission assembly integrated on the overflow pipe. The transmission assembly includes a waterwheel rotatably mounted in the middle of the transmission plate. A cover plate for gear transmission and dust prevention is fixedly mounted on one side of the transmission plate. A shaft on one side of the waterwheel passes through the transmission plate and is fixedly connected to a first small gear. A first large gear rotatably mounted on one side of the transmission plate meshes with the first small gear. A second small gear fixed on the first large gear meshes with a second large gear rotatably mounted inside the cover plate. A drive rod fixed on one side of the second large gear passes through the cover plate and is fixedly connected to a push wheel. A lever fixed on one side of the collection tray is driven by the push wheel to realize the rotation of the collection tray. A clearance is provided between the lever and the push wheel.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission tube has an air chamber inside and an air jet outlet on it. The air jet outlet communicates with the air chamber for pneumatic backwash cleaning of the filter bag. An air seat fixed outside the transmission tube communicates with the air chamber for supplying air to the air chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the support frame is further provided with a pneumatic assembly for supplying air to the air chamber. The pneumatic assembly includes an air cylinder assembly, which is provided with an inlet one-way valve and an outlet one-way valve. A slide rod is fixedly connected to a turntable rotatably mounted at the end of the auger. A grooved plate fixed on the piston rod of the air cylinder is slidably connected to the slide rod. When the auger is rotating, it drives the air cylinder assembly to discharge air. The outlet one-way valve of the air cylinder assembly is connected to the air seat of the transmission pipe through a hose.

[0010] Preferably, the air cylinder is provided with a valve plate inside, and each air cylinder group is provided with a valve plate inside. The piston rod is a rod body fixedly connected to the corresponding valve plate. The air cylinder group includes a first air cylinder and a second air cylinder. The inlet one-way valve and the outlet one-way valve of the first air cylinder are located on the upper part of the valve plate inside the first air cylinder, and the inlet one-way valve and the outlet one-way valve of the second air cylinder are located on the lower part of the valve plate inside the second air cylinder, so as to realize the alternating air supply of the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder to the air chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the support frame includes a main support, the top of which has a channel for material feeding. An auxiliary support for center alignment between the drive assembly and the auger is rotatably mounted on a rotating rod fixed to the main support. A support base is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support. The drive assembly includes a motor fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the input end of a gearbox fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support. The output end of the gearbox is fixedly connected to one end of a coupling rotatably mounted on the support base. The other end of the coupling serves as the output end of the drive assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the auger includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the main support, one end of the rotating shaft passing through the main support and fixedly connected to the other end of the coupling, a support plate fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft, the support plate being evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft, a bearing plate fixedly mounted on the support plate, and a spiral plate fixedly mounted on the outside of the bearing plate.

[0013] Preferably, the spiral plate includes a first spiral plate and a second spiral plate fixed on both sides of the bearing plate, with the first spiral plate and the second spiral plate spaced apart. The first spiral plate is located on one side of the second spiral plate. A channel for fine mortar to pass through is also provided between the support plate and the bearing plate for the backflow of fine mortar. A backwash paddle is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft to accelerate the backflow of fine mortar.

[0014] Preferably, a tapered roller bearing for primarily supporting the rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the lowest point of the main support. The inner ring of the tapered roller bearing is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. Auxiliary bearings for assisting in supporting the rotating shaft are also rotatably installed inside both sides of the main support. Each auxiliary bearing is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a labyrinth sealing channel is provided between the outer and inner rings of each auxiliary bearing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By adding a rotatable collection plate and an overflow pipe with an internal filter screen to the traditional spiral blade conveying and sand washing structure, fine sand particles that are easy to be discharged with mud and water are effectively intercepted and periodically discharged and recycled before entering the drainage system. This greatly reduces the loss of fine sand, improves the recovery rate of finished sand, and at the same time reduces the content of solid particles entering the subsequent sedimentation tank, reduces the burden of sewage treatment, and improves resource utilization efficiency. 2. The auger shaft drives the spiral plate and backwash paddle to form a comprehensive operation of upward conveying of sand and gravel, sand-water stratification, and fine sand return. At the same time, the intermittent air jet backwash cleaning mechanism keeps the filter screen unobstructed, so that the sand and gravel can be fully tumbled and mud and impurities can be effectively separated during the washing process. The automatic discharge of the collection tray and the fault-tolerant design of the lever ensure that the mechanism is not prone to jamming in the mud environment. With the support of roller tapered bearings, auxiliary bearings and labyrinth sealed channels, the auger operates smoothly, the sand-water separation is efficient and the fine sand recovery is continuous and reliable, thereby improving the stability and production efficiency of the overall sand washing operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another angle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overflow pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first overflow pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the collection component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the collection tray of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission tube structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the transmission pipe of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic component structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tapered roller bearing of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the actuating wheel structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the transmission plate of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the small waterwheel structure of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the drive rod structure of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission auger structure of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary bearing structure of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component structure of the present invention.

[0017] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 100. Support frame; 110. Main support; 120. Rotating rod; 130. Auxiliary support; 140. Support base; 150. Tapered roller bearing; 160. Auxiliary bearing; 170. Labyrinth seal channel; 200. Drive assembly; 210. Motor; 220. Gearbox; 230. Coupling; 300. Screwdriver; 310. Shaft; 320. Support plate; 330. Bearing plate; 340. First helical plate; 350. Second helical plate; 360. Reverse propeller; 400. Water tank; 500. Collection component; 510. Collection tray; 520. Filter mesh bag; 600, Overflow pipe; 610, First overflow pipe; 620, Guide pipe; 630, Transmission pipe; 631, Air seat; 632, Air nozzle; 633, Air chamber; 634, Hose; 635, Overflow channel; 640, Second overflow pipe; 650, Transmission plate; 700. Transmission assembly; 710. Cover plate; 720. Waterwheel; 730. First pinion; 740. First large gear; 750. Second pinion; 760. Second large gear; 770. Drive rod; 780. Actuating wheel; 790. Lever; 800. Pneumatic assembly; 810. First air cylinder; 820. Second air cylinder; 830. Slot plate; 840. Turntable; 850. Slide rod; 900. Float sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: Refer to Figure 1 - Figure 17A spiral sand washing machine includes a support frame 100 for installation at a ore washing site. A water tank 400 for injecting mixed mortar is fixedly installed at the lower part of the support frame 100. An auger 300 for sand and gravel transportation, sand washing, and sand-water separation is rotatably installed inside the transmission trough at the upper part of the support frame 100. The output end of a drive assembly 200 fixedly installed on one side of the support frame 100 is fixedly connected to one end of the auger 300 for driving the rotation of the auger 300 to realize the upward transmission of coarse sand. An overflow pipe 600 is fixedly installed at the overflow hole of the water tank 400. 600 includes a transmission pipe 630, and a collection assembly 500 fixed to one side of the water tank 400 includes a collection tray 510 rotatably installed outside the transmission pipe 630. The collection tray 510 has a hollow channel inside and a collection trough that communicates with the hollow channel. The collection trough communicates with the opening of the transmission pipe 630. A filter screen 520 fixed in the collection trough of the collection tray 510 is used to filter and collect fine sand from the liquid entering the transmission pipe 630. The collection tray 510 rotates to switch the position of the collection trough and discharges fine sand when it is rotated to the discharge position.

[0020] When the spiral sand washing machine is working, the raw material slurry containing mud and particles of different sizes is first injected into the water tank 400 set at the bottom of the support frame 100. Driven by the drive component 200, the auger 300 rotates continuously in the transmission trough. The spiral blades push the sand and gravel to roll in the water and gradually transport them from low to high. During the transportation and tumbling process, the mud on the surface of the sand and gravel is dispersed by the water flow to form a mud-water mixture. The coarse sand with larger particle size rises along the trough under the pushing action of the spiral blades and is gradually dehydrated and discharged. The mud-water and fine sand with smaller particle size in the mixture enter the overflow pipe 600 from the overflow hole of the water tank 400 with the water flow. When the muddy water flows into the transmission pipe 630, it first enters the hollow channel of the collection tray 510 that is connected to it, and then flows into the filter screen 520 fixed inside the collection tank. The filter screen 520 intercepts the fine sand particles in the liquid, causing the fine sand to remain in the screen while the water continues to enter the transmission pipe 630 through the mesh and is discharged, thereby achieving the interception and recovery of fine sand. As the equipment continues to operate, fine sand gradually accumulates in the filter screen 520. When the fine sand in the filter screen 520 accumulates to a set amount, the collection tray 510 is driven to rotate, causing the collection tank, which was originally in the filtration position, to leave the opening end of the transmission pipe 630 and turn to the discharge position. At this time, the fine sand accumulated in the filter screen 520 is automatically discharged or falls into the recovery container under the action of gravity. At the same time, another empty collection tank turns to the opening of the transmission pipe 630 to continue the filtration operation, so that the equipment can achieve continuous fine sand collection without interrupting the drainage. This structure adds a switchable filter collection unit to the overflow drainage path of the traditional spiral sand washing machine, which effectively intercepts and periodically discharges fine sand particles that are easily discharged with mud and water before entering the drainage system. This reduces the loss of fine sand, increases the recovery rate of finished sand, and reduces the content of solid particles entering the subsequent sedimentation tank, alleviating the burden on wastewater treatment and thus improving the overall resource utilization efficiency and production stability of the sand washing operation.

[0021] In this embodiment, the overflow pipe 600 also includes a first overflow pipe 610 fixed on the overflow hole of the water tank 400. A guide pipe 620 fixed at the lower part of the first overflow pipe 610 rotates and fits against the collection tray 510. The overflow channel 635 of the first overflow pipe 610 is connected to the transmission pipe 630 through the second overflow pipe 640 for drainage in the case of blockage of the collection tray 510. The second overflow pipe 640 is arranged in a tortuous shape. A float sensor 900 for communicating with a computer is fixedly installed at the bend of the second overflow pipe 640. When there is water flow in the second overflow pipe 640, the float sensor 900 sends a blockage signal to the computer.

[0022] When the equipment is washing sand, the mud-water mixture in the water tank 400 first enters the first overflow pipe 610 through the overflow hole of the water tank 400 after reaching the set liquid level. Under the guidance of the guide pipe 620, it flows preferentially to the collection plate 510 that rotates and fits with it. The fine sand in the mud-water is filtered and intercepted through the collection tank and filter screen 520 inside the collection plate 510, thereby realizing the recovery of fine sand particles. Under normal filtration conditions, most of the water enters the transmission pipe 630 and is discharged after filtration. However, when too much fine sand accumulates in the filter screen 520 or when impurities cause blockage, the amount of water flowing through the collection tray 510 gradually decreases or even cannot pass through smoothly. At this time, the water flow inside the first overflow pipe 610 will enter the second overflow pipe 640 connected to it through the backup channel. Since the second overflow pipe 640 is set in a tortuous shape, a local water level accumulation area can be formed at its bend. When there is a continuous water flow, it will cause the float sensor 900 installed at the bend to float. After the float sensor 900 detects the water level change or water flow status, it sends a signal to the computer to determine that the current collection tank of the collection tray 510 or the filter screen 520 is blocked or the filtration capacity has decreased. Once the control system receives the signal, it can prompt maintenance personnel to flip the collection tray 510 to discharge material or clean the filter structure, so that the equipment can be monitored and dealt with in a timely manner when there is a tendency to blockage. This avoids affecting the overall drainage and operational stability of the sand washing machine due to complete blockage of the filter components, while ensuring the continuity of the overflow drainage process and the reliability of equipment operation.

[0023] In this embodiment, a transmission plate 650 is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission pipe 630. The transmission plate 650 is used to connect to the wastewater recycling and purification pipe. The collection tray 510 rotates via a transmission assembly 700 integrated on the overflow pipe 600. The transmission assembly 700 includes a waterwheel 720 rotatably mounted in the middle of the transmission plate 650. A cover plate 710 for gear transmission dust prevention is fixedly mounted on one side of the transmission plate 650. A shaft on one side of the waterwheel 720 passes through the transmission plate 650 and is fixedly connected to a first small gear 730. A first large gear 740 is rotatably mounted on one side of the transmission plate 650. The first pinion 730 is meshed with the second pinion 750, which is fixed on the first large gear 740. The second pinion 750 is meshed with the second large gear 760, which is rotatably mounted inside the cover plate 710. The drive rod 770, which is fixed on one side of the second large gear 760, passes through the cover plate 710 and is fixedly connected to the actuating wheel 780. The lever 790, which is fixed on one side of the collection tray 510, is connected to the actuating wheel 780 to realize the rotation of the collection tray 510. A clearance is reserved between the lever 790 and the actuating wheel 780 to avoid sand particles or impurities falling and causing the mechanism to jam.

[0024] When the sand washing machine is running, the muddy water overflowing from the water tank 400 flows to the end through the transmission pipe 630 and enters the transmission plate 650 connected to the wastewater recycling and purification pipe. During the continuous flow of water, the water wheel 720 set in the middle of the transmission plate 650 is impacted by the water flow and rotates, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the water into mechanical rotational power. The rotating shaft 310 of the water wheel 720 drives the fixedly connected first small gear 730 to rotate synchronously. The first small gear 730 meshes with the first large gear 740 installed on one side of the transmission plate 650, so that the first large gear 740 obtains stable rotational power after deceleration and torque increase. The second small gear 750 fixed on the first large gear 740 continues to mesh with the second large gear 760 located inside the cover plate 710, thereby further transmitting the rotational power of the water wheel 720 and adjusting the speed and torque through multi-stage gear transmission, so that the second large gear 760 drives the drive rod 770 fixedly connected to its side to rotate. After the drive rod 770 passes through the cover plate 710, it drives the external actuating wheel 780 to rotate. During the rotation, the actuating wheel 780 periodically pushes the lever 790 fixed on one side of the collection tray 510, thereby driving the collection tray 510 to rotate gradually, realizing the switching of different collection tank positions and the automatic discharge of fine sand in the filter bag 520, so that the filtration and discharge actions can be carried out automatically with the operation of the equipment without the need for an additional power device. Meanwhile, since the lever 790 and the actuating wheel 780 are not completely fitted together, but have a certain tolerance gap, when small ore or impurities fall into the actuating area during the sand washing process, the particles can automatically slide off or be squeezed out through the gap, and will not be stuck between the actuating parts for a long time. In addition, the lever 790 and the actuating wheel 780 are both exposed to the air environment and are not in the mud accumulation area, so ore and mud are difficult to adhere and accumulate on their surface. This effectively avoids the problem of transmission obstruction or mechanism failure caused by impurities, ensuring the continuous and reliable rotation of the collection disc 510 and realizing the stable operation of the fine sand filtration collection and automatic discharge process.

[0025] In this embodiment, an air chamber 633 is provided inside the transmission pipe 630, and an air jet port 632 is provided on the transmission pipe 630. The air jet port 632 communicates with the air chamber 633 and is used for pneumatic backwash cleaning of the filter bag 520. An air seat 631 fixed outside the transmission pipe 630 communicates with the air chamber 633 and is used for air supply connection to the air chamber 633. The support frame 100 is also provided with a pneumatic assembly 800 for air supply to the air chamber 633. The pneumatic assembly 800 includes an air cylinder group. The air cylinder group is provided with an inlet one-way valve and an outlet one-way valve. A slide rod 850 is fixedly connected to a turntable 840 rotatably mounted at the end of the auger 300. A groove plate 830 fixed on the piston rod of the air cylinder group is slidably connected to the slide rod 850. When the auger 300 is rotating, it drives the air cylinder group to output air. The outlet one-way valve of the air cylinder group is connected to the air seat 631 of the transmission pipe 630 through a hose 634.

[0026] When the spiral sand washing machine is working, the drive component 200 drives the auger 300 to rotate continuously to transport and wash the sand and gravel. The turntable 840, which rotates synchronously at the end of the auger 300, drives the slide rod 850 fixed on it to make a circular motion. During the motion, the slide rod 850 periodically pushes the trough plate 830 that is slidably connected to it, thereby driving the piston rod in the air cylinder group to reciprocate, so that the air cylinder group forms an alternating air intake process and a compression and exhaust process. When the piston returns, the outside air enters the air cylinder through the intake one-way valve, and when the piston is pushed to compress, the air is compressed and discharged through the exhaust one-way valve to form an airflow. The airflow is delivered through the hose 634 to the air seat 631 fixed outside the transmission pipe 630, and enters the air cavity 633 set inside the transmission pipe 630 for storage and conduction. Since the lower part of the transmission pipe 630 has an air jet port 632 that communicates with the air cavity 633, when the air pressure inside the air cavity 633 reaches a certain level, the compressed air is ejected from the air jet port 632 and acts on the bottom of the filter screen 520 located above it, generating an upward aerodynamic impact on the fine sand particles and mud impurities attached to the surface of the filter screen 520, thereby flushing the particles blocking the mesh away from the filter surface, causing the fine sand to loosen again and fall back into the collection area or be separated from the impurities again with the water flow. Since the gas generation of the air cylinder assembly depends on the mechanical reciprocating motion driven by the rotation of the auger 300, the air jet action will be generated periodically with the reciprocating piston during the continuous operation of the equipment. This causes the air jet port 632 to form an intermittent pulse airflow, which continuously backwashes and cleans the filter screen 520, preventing the filter structure from being blocked by the long-term accumulation of fine sand. This ensures the smooth passage of overflow liquid and the stable operation of the fine sand filtration and collection function. At the same time, it can achieve automated cleaning without an additional power source, improving the reliability of the whole machine and the convenience of maintenance.

[0027] In this embodiment, the support frame 100 includes a main support 110, the top of which has a channel for material feeding. An auxiliary support 130 for center alignment between the drive assembly 200 and the auger 300 is rotatably mounted on a rotating rod 120 fixed to the main support 110. A support base 140 is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support 130. The drive assembly 200 includes a motor 210 fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support 130. The output end of the motor 210 is fixedly connected to the input end of a gearbox 220 fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support 130. The output end of the 20 is fixedly connected to one end of the coupling 230 rotatably mounted on the support base 140. The other end of the coupling 230 serves as the output end of the drive assembly 200. The auger 300 includes a rotating shaft 310 rotatably mounted on the main support 110. One end of the rotating shaft 310 passes through the main support 110 and is fixedly connected to the other end of the coupling 230. Several support plates 320 are fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft 310. Several bearing plates 330 are evenly fixedly mounted on the several support plates 320 in a circumferential direction. Spiral plates are fixedly mounted on the outside of the several bearing plates 330.

[0028] After the equipment is installed at the ore washing site, the raw material slurry enters from above through the feeding channel opened at the top of the main support 110 and falls into the internal transmission area. When the drive assembly 200 is working, the motor 210 mounted on the auxiliary bracket 130 first outputs power and transmits it to the gearbox 220. After the gearbox 220 adjusts the speed and torque, it transmits the rotational power stably to the shaft 310 of the auger 300 through the coupling 230 connected to it, thereby driving the shaft 310 to rotate continuously on the main bracket 110. Since the auxiliary bracket 130 is rotatably mounted on the main bracket 110 through the rotating rod 120, the center position between the drive assembly 200 and the auger 300 can be appropriately adjusted during installation or operation, so that the coupling 230 and the shaft 310 always maintain a good coaxial state, ensuring smooth and reliable power transmission. As the shaft 310 rotates, several support plates 320 fixed to its exterior rotate accordingly. The support plates 320, the bearing plates 330 that are uniformly fixed around the circumference, and the spiral plates on its exterior together form a spiral conveying structure. During the rotation, the spiral plates continuously push the sand and gravel falling into the tank to move from low to high along the conveying direction. During the propulsion process, the sand and gravel are constantly turned over and rolled in the water, causing the mud and impurities attached to the surface of the sand particles to be dispersed by the water flow and suspended in the water, thereby achieving the cleaning of the sand and gravel. Meanwhile, due to the significant density difference between sand and water, the heavier coarse sand is gradually conveyed towards the discharge direction under the propulsion of the spiral plate, while the mud and finer particles gradually separate from the sand under the disturbance of the water flow and move towards lower or overflow areas. This forms a stratified movement process in which sand and gravel are conveyed upwards, while water and fine particles sink or overflow. Thus, the integrated operation of sand conveying, tumbling and washing, and preliminary sand-water separation is achieved within the same equipment, improving the efficiency of the sand washing process and providing stable fluid conditions for subsequent fine sand recovery and wastewater treatment.

[0029] Example 2: In this example, each air cylinder assembly is equipped with a valve plate inside. The piston rod is a rod body fixedly connected to the corresponding valve plate. The air cylinder assembly includes a first air cylinder 810 and a second air cylinder 820. The inlet check valve and outlet check valve of the first air cylinder 810 are located on the upper part of the valve plate inside the first air cylinder 810. The inlet check valve and outlet check valve of the second air cylinder 820 are located on the lower part of the valve plate inside the second air cylinder 820, so as to realize the alternating air supply of the first air cylinder 810 and the second air cylinder 820 to the air chamber 633.

[0030] The pneumatic assembly 800 consists of a first air cylinder 810 and a second air cylinder 820. Both air cylinders are equipped with valve plates and are connected to the external drive structure through the rod on the piston rod. When the auger 300 rotates and drives the piston rod to reciprocate, the gas compression and intake processes inside the first air cylinder 810 and the second air cylinder 820 are carried out in a phase-shifted manner. Since the inlet and outlet check valves of the first air cylinder 810 are located on the upper part of the valve plate, while the inlet and outlet check valves of the second air cylinder 820 are located on the lower part of the valve plate, when the piston rod moves in one direction, the first air cylinder 810 is in a compression and exhaust state, and the compressed air is delivered to the air chamber 633 of the transmission pipe 630 through the outlet check valve, while the second air cylinder 820 is in a return and intake state, and the external air is drawn in through the inlet check valve; when the piston rod moves in the opposite direction, the working states of the first air cylinder 810 and the second air cylinder 820 are interchanged, so that the second air cylinder 820 starts to compress and exhaust, while the first air cylinder 810, which was originally exhausting, turns into intake to replenish air; This creates an alternating air supply mode during continuous operation of the equipment, allowing the air chamber 633 to continuously receive a relatively stable and continuous airflow supply. Furthermore, it works in conjunction with the jet nozzle 632 to create a periodic pneumatic backwash effect, ensuring that the filter structure is not easily clogged by fine sand deposits during operation.

[0031] Example 3: In this example, the spiral plate includes a first spiral plate 340 and a second spiral plate 350 fixed on both sides of the bearing plate 330. The first spiral plate 340 and the second spiral plate 350 are spaced apart. The first spiral plate 340 is located above the second spiral plate 350. A channel for fine mortar to pass through is also provided between the support plate 320 and the bearing plate 330 for the return of fine mortar. A backwash paddle 360 ​​is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft 310 to accelerate the return of fine mortar. A roller cone bearing 150 for mainly supporting the rotating shaft 310 is fixedly installed at the lowest point of the main support 110. The inner ring of the roller cone bearing 150 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 310. Auxiliary bearings 160 for auxiliary supporting the rotating shaft 310 are also rotatably installed inside both sides of the main support 110. Each auxiliary bearing 160 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 310, and a labyrinth sealing channel 170 is provided between the outer ring and the inner ring of each auxiliary bearing 160.

[0032] The auger 300 of the spiral sand washing machine drives the first spiral plate 340 and the second spiral plate 350 fixed on both sides of the bearing plate 330 to rotate synchronously through the rotating shaft 310. A certain interval is maintained between the two spiral plates to form a spiral channel, so that the coarse sand is lifted from bottom to top along the spiral plate and fully rolled by the water flow during the transmission process, realizing the stratification and preliminary cleaning of sand and gravel. At the same time, the fine sand slurry return channel reserved between the support plate 320 and the bearing plate 330 can allow the fine sand particles to flow back from the upper layer to the lower water tank 400 under the push of the spiral blades, realizing the circulation sedimentation and recycling of fine sand, and further reducing the loss of fine sand. The externally mounted backwash paddle 360 ​​on the rotating shaft 310 generates liquid disturbance during rotation, enhancing the return speed of fine sand slurry and promoting sand-water separation, allowing fine sand to concentrate and enter the collection component 500. To ensure the smooth operation and durability of the rotating shaft 310, a tapered roller bearing 150 is installed at the lowest point of the main support 110 to bear the main load. The inner ring of the tapered roller bearing 150 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 310 to achieve rotational support. Auxiliary bearings 160 are also installed on both sides of the main support 110 to assist in bearing the rotating shaft 310. The inner ring of the auxiliary bearings 160 is also fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 310 to distribute the load. A labyrinth sealing channel 170 is designed between the outer and inner rings of each auxiliary bearing 160. The complex channel and sealing cavity prevent slurry and water from seeping into the bearing. Thus, during continuous operation, the auger 300 is driven smoothly, sand-water separation is efficient, and fine sand return is sufficient. At the same time, the bearing life is extended and the equipment maintenance frequency is reduced. Overall, the sand washing machine is guaranteed to work continuously and stably in sand and gravel washing, transmission, and fine sand recovery.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A spiral sand washing machine, characterized in that, Includes a support frame (100) for installation at the ore washing site, on which a water tank (400) for injecting mixed mortar is fixedly installed, and an auger (300) for sand and gravel transportation, sand washing and sand-water separation is rotatably installed inside the transmission trough on the upper part of the support frame (100). A drive assembly (200) is fixedly installed on one side of the support frame (100). The output end of the drive assembly (200) is fixedly connected to one end of the auger (300) for driving the rotation of the auger (300). An overflow pipe (600) is fixedly installed at the overflow hole of the water tank (400). The overflow pipe (600) includes a transmission pipe (630). A collection assembly (500) fixed on one side of the water tank (400) includes a collection tray (510) rotatably installed outside the transmission pipe (630). The collection tray (510) has a hollow channel inside. The collection tray (510) has a collection groove that communicates with the hollow channel. The collection groove communicates with the opening of the transmission pipe (630). A filter screen (520) is fixed in the collection groove of the collection tray (510) for fine sand filtration and collection of the liquid entering the transmission pipe (630). The collection tray (510) can switch the position of the collection groove by rotating, and the fine sand can be discharged when it is rotated to the discharge position.

2. The spiral sand washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overflow pipe (600) also includes a first overflow pipe (610) fixed on the overflow hole of the water tank (400), a guide pipe (620) fixed at the lower part of the first overflow pipe (610) and rotatingly fitting with the collection tray (510), the overflow channel (635) of the first overflow pipe (610) is connected to the transmission pipe (630) through the second overflow pipe (640) for drainage in the state of blockage of the collection tray (510), and the second overflow pipe (640) is arranged in a tortuous shape. A float sensor (900) for communicating with a computer is fixedly installed at the bend of the second overflow pipe (640). When there is water flow in the second overflow pipe (640), the float sensor (900) sends a blockage signal of the collection tank to the computer.

3. The spiral sand washing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, A transmission plate (650) is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission pipe (630). The transmission plate (650) is used to connect to the wastewater recycling and purification pipe. The collection tray (510) rotates via a transmission assembly (700) integrated on the overflow pipe (600). The transmission assembly (700) includes a waterwheel (720) rotatably mounted in the middle of the transmission plate (650). A cover plate (710) for gear transmission dust prevention is fixedly mounted on one side of the transmission plate (650). A shaft on one side of the waterwheel (720) passes through the transmission plate (650) and is fixedly connected to a first pinion (730), which is rotatably mounted on one side of the transmission plate (650). The first large gear (740) meshes with the first small gear (730). The second small gear (750) fixed on the first large gear (740) meshes with the second large gear (760) rotatably mounted on the inner side of the cover plate (710). The drive rod (770) fixed on one side of the second large gear (760) passes through the cover plate (710) and is fixedly connected to the actuating wheel (780). The lever (790) fixed on one side of the collection tray (510) is connected to the actuating wheel (780) to realize the rotation of the collection tray (510). A tolerance gap is left between the lever (790) and the actuating wheel (780).

4. The spiral sand washing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, An air chamber (633) is provided inside the transmission pipe (630), and an air jet (632) is provided on the transmission pipe (630). The air jet (632) is connected to the air chamber (633) and is used for pneumatic backwash cleaning of the filter bag (520). An air seat (631) fixed outside the transmission pipe (630) is connected to the air chamber (633) and is used for air supply connection to the air chamber (633).

5. The spiral sand washing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support frame (100) is also provided with a pneumatic assembly (800) for supplying air to the air chamber (633). The pneumatic assembly (800) includes an air cylinder assembly. The air cylinder assembly is provided with an inlet one-way valve and an outlet one-way valve. A slide rod (850) is fixedly connected to a turntable (840) rotatably mounted at the end of the auger (300). A groove plate (830) fixed on the piston rod of the air cylinder is slidably connected to the slide rod (850). When the auger (300) is rotating, it drives the air cylinder assembly to discharge air. The outlet one-way valve of the air cylinder assembly is connected to the air seat (631) of the transmission pipe (630) through a hose (634).

6. The spiral sand washing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The air cylinder is equipped with a valve plate inside, and each air cylinder group is equipped with a valve plate inside. The piston rod is a rod body fixedly connected to the corresponding valve plate. The air cylinder group includes a first air cylinder (810) and a second air cylinder (820). The inlet one-way valve and the outlet one-way valve of the first air cylinder (810) are located on the upper part of the valve plate inside the first air cylinder (810), and the inlet one-way valve and the outlet one-way valve of the second air cylinder (820) are located on the lower part of the valve plate inside the second air cylinder (820), so as to realize the alternating air supply of the first air cylinder (810) and the second air cylinder (820) to the air chamber (633).

7. The spiral sand washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (100) includes a main support (110), the top of which has a channel for unloading. An auxiliary support (130) for center alignment between the drive assembly (200) and the auger (300) is rotatably mounted on a rotating rod (120) fixed on the main support (110). A support base (140) is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support (130). The drive assembly (200) includes a motor (210) fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support (130). The output end of the motor (210) is fixedly connected to the input end of a gearbox (220) fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support (130). The output end of the gearbox (220) is fixedly connected to one end of a coupling (230) rotatably mounted on the support base (140). The other end of the coupling (230) serves as the output end of the drive assembly (200).

8. The spiral sand washing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The auger (300) includes a rotating shaft (310) rotatably mounted on the main support (110). One end of the rotating shaft (310) passes through the main support (110) and is fixedly connected to the other end of the coupling (230). A support plate (320) is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft (310). The support plate (320) is evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotating shaft (310). A bearing plate (330) is fixedly mounted on the support plate (320). A spiral plate is fixedly mounted on the outside of the bearing plate (330).

9. The spiral sand washing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The spiral plate includes a first spiral plate (340) and a second spiral plate (350) fixed on both sides of the bearing plate (330). The first spiral plate (340) and the second spiral plate (350) are spaced apart. The first spiral plate (340) is located on one side of the second spiral plate (350). A channel for fine mortar to pass through is also provided between the support plate (320) and the bearing plate (330) for the return of fine mortar. A backwash paddle (360) is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft (310) to accelerate the return of fine mortar.

10. The spiral sand washing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The main support (110) is fixedly installed at its lowest point with a tapered roller bearing (150) for mainly supporting the rotating shaft (310). The inner ring of the tapered roller bearing (150) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (310). The main support (110) is also rotatably installed on both sides with auxiliary bearings (160) for assisting in supporting the rotating shaft (310). Each auxiliary bearing (160) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (310) and a labyrinth sealing channel (170) is provided between the outer ring and the inner ring of each auxiliary bearing (160).

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