A special fixture and cutting device for separating and disassembling copper and iron of waste transformer coil

Abstract

This invention provides a special clamp and cutting device for separating and dismantling copper and iron in waste transformer coils, relating to the technical field of transformer coil recycling equipment. It includes a torque distribution component with a connecting seat fixedly installed at the bottom of a workbench. The clamp mechanism can clamp and fix the bottom of the transformer coil, while the platform component can press and fix the top of the transformer coil, achieving double-end fixing. The torque distribution component allows for unified control, enabling simultaneous clamping and pressing without additional operation. Both fixing forces can be independently limited, preventing damage to the transformer coil due to excessive pressure. This solves the problem that clamps in waste transformer coil copper-iron separation devices are generally designed for unidirectional fixing, meaning they can only fix the bottom of the transformer coil, leading to slippage and movement of the coil during cutting operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste transformer recycling and dismantling technology, and in particular to a special clamp and cutting equipment for separating and dismantling the copper and iron coils of waste transformers. Background Technology

[0002] With the upgrading and iteration of the power grid, a large number of obsolete power transformers are being phased out. Their internal coils are composed of high-purity copper windings and silicon steel cores, both of which are high-value renewable resources. Standardized dismantling and separation of copper and iron can achieve resource recycling, fulfill dual carbon goals, and at the same time avoid environmental pollution from harmful substances such as insulating oil. This is the core link in the recycling and processing of obsolete transformers.

[0003] Currently, there are relevant patent documents and products disclosed regarding dismantling equipment for separating copper and iron from the coils of waste transformers. For example, Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN218770184U discloses a coil cutting device for dismantling waste transformers, which uses a single-set cutting mechanism to cut the coil after fixing it with a clamp; Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN216290471U discloses a transformer core and coil separation device, which uses a unidirectional clamp to fix the coil.

[0004] The aforementioned existing technologies have the following core defects in practical use: The clamp adopts a unidirectional fixed design, which can only hold the bottom of the coil. During the cutting process, the coil is prone to slipping and shifting, resulting in poor cutting accuracy. In addition, most clamps use two-jaw clamps, which have low centering accuracy and cannot be adapted to coils with different inner diameter specifications. The clamping mechanism and the pressing mechanism require multiple sets of drive sources to control them separately, making it impossible to achieve single-drive synchronous clamping. The operation is cumbersome, and the clamping force cannot be independently limited, which can easily cause the coil winding to deform and be damaged due to overload of clamping force. Most of them adopt a single-end cutting structure, and the coil needs to be flipped and clamped twice, which results in low disassembly efficiency and positioning errors during the second clamping. Manual cutting cannot accurately control the cutting depth, which can easily damage the internal copper wire winding, causing the complete copper wire to become broken copper, and the recycling value will be greatly reduced. The cutting process lacks effective dust protection, resulting in severe metal dust pollution, and there is no safety interlocking structure, posing a high risk to operational safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention relates to a special clamp and cutting device for separating and dismantling copper and iron in waste transformer coils. It features double-end clamping and simultaneous double-sided cutting. When fixing and positioning the transformer coil, the clamping mechanism can clamp and fix the bottom of the coil, while the platform assembly can press and fix the top of the coil, achieving double-end fixing. Furthermore, a torque distribution component enables unified control, allowing simultaneous clamping and pressing without additional operation. Both fixing forces can be independently limited to prevent damage to the transformer coil due to excessive pressure. The two cutting mechanisms employ a symmetrical double-end synchronous cutting structure, allowing simultaneous cutting of the iron core at both ends of the coil in a single clamping operation without flipping. A pressure sensor enables precise depth cutting, cutting only the silicon steel core and the end insulation layer without damaging the internal copper wire. An integrated dust removal and protection structure ensures both environmental protection and operational safety. It is flexible, convenient, and highly practical.

[0006] This invention provides a special clamp and cutting device for separating and dismantling copper and iron in waste transformer coils, including a worktable, a controller, a clamping mechanism for radially clamping the bottom of the transformer coil, a cutting mechanism for cutting the transformer coil, a pressing mechanism for axially pressing the top of the transformer coil, and a torque distribution drive system for synchronously driving the clamping mechanism and the pressing mechanism. The pressing mechanism includes a track seat, a lifting screw, and a pressing rod. The track seat is fixed to the top of the workbench. The lifting screw is rotatably connected to the inside of the track seat. The pressing rod is slidably inserted into the track seat vertically. The lifting screw is connected to the pressing rod through a threaded rod body and is used to drive the pressing rod to move vertically up and down. The clamping mechanism includes a fixed base, a positioning screw, an axial drive block, and three radial support blocks. The fixed base is fixed to the top of the worktable, the positioning screw is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed base, and the axial drive block is slidably inserted into the fixed base along the axial direction. The positioning screw is connected to the axial drive block through a threaded rod. The three radial support blocks are evenly distributed around the fixed base, with the included angle between the centers of adjacent radial support blocks being 120°. The radial support blocks are slidably inserted into the fixed base along the radial direction. The bottom of the axial drive block is provided with an abutting inclined surface, and the inner side of the radial support block is provided with a linkage inclined surface that slides with the abutting inclined surface. A return spring is provided between the radial support block and the fixed base, with both ends of the return spring abutting against the radial support block and the fixed base, respectively. The torque distribution drive system includes a drive motor, a drive rod, and two sets of torque distribution components. The drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the worktable, and the drive rod is driven by the shaft of the drive motor. A drive gear is fixed on the rod body. Each set of torque distribution components includes a connecting seat, a drive gear, a control gear, a distribution gear, and a pressure plate. The connecting seat is fixed to the bottom of the worktable. The drive gear, control gear, and distribution gear are coaxially rotatably connected inside the connecting seat. The control gear and distribution gear are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drive gear along its axial direction. A connecting gear is rotatably connected to the side of the drive gear. The rotation axis of the connecting gear is radially arranged along the drive gear, and the teeth on both sides of the connecting gear mesh with the control gear and the distribution gear, respectively. The pressure plate is slidably inserted into the connecting seat along its axial direction. A pressure spring is provided between the pressure plate and the connecting seat, and the two ends of the pressure spring abut against the pressure plate and the connecting seat, respectively. The side of the pressure plate facing the control gear has an adaptive protrusion, and the outer wall of the control gear's shaft has an adaptive groove that mates with the adaptive protrusion. The adaptive groove includes a V-shaped groove. The pressure groove is shaped and the idle groove is annular, with the sidewalls of the pressure groove and the idle groove connected. Both sets of torque distribution components have control gears that mesh with drive gears for transmission; the distribution gear of one set of torque distribution components is connected to the bottom of the lifting screw through a first gear set, and the distribution gear of the other set of torque distribution components is connected to the bottom of the positioning screw through a second gear set. The cutting mechanism is provided in two sets, symmetrically arranged on both radial sides of the clamping mechanism. The cutting mechanism includes a lifting push rod, a lifting seat, a displacement push rod, and a cutting machine body. A mounting base is fixed on the top of the worktable. The lifting push rod is fixed to the bottom of the mounting base, and the top end of the lifting push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting seat. The lifting seat is vertically slidably inserted into the mounting base. The displacement push rod is fixed to the side of the lifting seat, and the end of the displacement push rod is fixedly connected to the cutting machine body for driving the cutting machine body to feed radially along the transformer coil. The controller is fixed to the side of the worktable and is electrically connected to the drive motor and the cutting mechanism respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the cutting blade of the cutting machine body is provided with a dust collection cover, and the side wall of the dust collection cover is provided with a collection channel, which is connected to a negative pressure vacuum cleaner through a pipe; a pressure sensor is provided on the inner side of the dust collection cover, and the pressure sensor is located within the cutting range of the cutting machine body and is electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutting blade of the cutting machine body is a 1.2mm thick diamond ultra-thin cutting blade, and an annular nylon protective baffle is coaxially fixed on the side of the cutting blade facing the transformer coil winding. The outer diameter of the nylon protective baffle is 0.5mm smaller than the outer diameter of the cutting edge of the cutting blade, and the pressure sensor is fixed on the back of the nylon protective baffle.

[0009] Furthermore, the dust collection cover is a semi-enclosed transparent cover, and a safety interlock switch is provided on the dust collection cover. The safety interlock switch is electrically connected to the controller. The safety interlock switch is triggered only when the dust collection cover is fully closed, and the controller allows the cutting machine body to start.

[0010] Furthermore, a laser rangefinder is fixed on the lifting seat of one of the cutting mechanisms. The laser rangefinder is electrically connected to the controller. The laser rangefinder is used to scan along the radial direction of the transformer coil and obtain the inner diameter of the coil, the winding thickness, and the outer diameter of the iron core. The controller is used to calculate and lock the maximum feed depth of the cutting machine body based on the scanning parameters.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-section of the pressure plate is a regular polygon, and the interior of the connecting seat is provided with a polygonal groove that matches the shape of the pressure plate. The pressure plate is slidably inserted into the polygonal groove along the axial direction.

[0012] Furthermore, a positioning sensor is installed on the fixed base of the clamping mechanism. The positioning sensor is electrically connected to the controller and is used to detect the clamping status of the transformer coil.

[0013] Furthermore, the controller is a PLC main unit, and the controller is equipped with a touch screen. The workbench is equipped with an emergency stop button, a start button, and a stop button that are electrically connected to the controller.

[0014] This invention provides a special clamp and cutting device for separating and dismantling the copper and iron of waste transformer coils, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention achieves double-end composite fixing of transformer coils by using a three-jaw radial centering clamping mechanism and an axial pressing mechanism. Compared with the existing unidirectional fixing structure, it completely solves the problem of coil slippage and movement during cutting, and greatly improves cutting stability and centering accuracy. The evenly distributed three-jaw structure can be adapted to transformer coils with different inner diameters, making it more versatile.

[0015] This invention utilizes a torque distribution drive system to achieve synchronous driving of the clamping and holding mechanisms from a single drive source, eliminating the need for separate control of multiple drive sources and significantly simplifying the operation process. The core torque distribution component, through the cooperation of a pressure spring, an adaptation groove, and an adaptation protrusion, enables independent limiting of the clamping force of the clamping and holding mechanisms. When either mechanism reaches the set clamping force, the corresponding torque distribution component automatically switches to an idle state, ceasing to apply clamping force. This mechanically avoids the problem of coil winding deformation and damage caused by clamping force overload, greatly improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0016] This invention employs two symmetrically arranged cutting mechanisms, which can simultaneously complete the cutting of the iron core at both ends of the coil in a single clamping operation, eliminating the need for flipping and secondary clamping, thus improving disassembly efficiency by more than 50% and avoiding positioning errors caused by secondary clamping. A laser rangefinder automatically scans the coil size and locks the maximum feed depth, while a pressure sensor inside the cutting blade triggers an emergency stop, achieving dual depth protection. This ensures that only the silicon steel sheet iron core and the end insulation layer are cut, physically eliminating the risk of damaging the internal copper wire winding, guaranteeing the integrity of the copper wire, and significantly increasing its recycling value.

[0017] This invention achieves fully enclosed collection of cutting dust by using a dust collection cover in conjunction with a negative pressure vacuum cleaner, thus avoiding metal dust pollution. It is equipped with multi-dimensional safety interlock logic, such as safety interlock switches, position sensors, and emergency stop buttons, to monitor the entire operation of the equipment in a closed loop. If any abnormality occurs, the machine will stop immediately, greatly improving operational safety and complying with industrial safety production standards. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0019] The accompanying drawings described below are only related to some embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal transmission structure of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is an enlarged structural diagram of part A in Figure 3; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the platform components and the pressure holding mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the cutting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the torque distribution component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention when the coil is initially clamped; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the clamping mechanism after the set clamping force is reached according to the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 is an enlarged structural diagram of part B in Figure 10; Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the clamping mechanism and the pressing mechanism after both reach the set clamping force according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] List of reference numerals 1. Platform components; 101. Workbench; 1011. Track base; 1012. Mounting base; 102. Lifting screw; 103. Holding rod; 104. Drive motor; 105. Drive rod; 1051. Drive gear; 2. Cutting mechanism; 201. Lifting push rod; 202. Lifting base; 203. Displacement push rod; 204. Cutting machine body; 2041. Pressure sensor; 2042. Collection channel; 3. Clamping mechanism; 301. Fixed base; 302. Positioning screw; 303. Adaptive abutment block; 3031. Abutment inclined surface; 304. Inner wall abutment block; 3041. Linkage inclined surface; 3042. Return top spring; 4. Torque distribution assembly; 401. Connecting seat; 402. Drive gear; 4021. Connecting gear; 403. Control gear; 4031. Pressure groove; 4032. Idling groove; 404. Distribution gear; 405. Pressure plate; 4051. Pressure top spring; 4052. Adaptive protrusion; 5. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12 Example 1: This invention proposes a special clamp and cutting device for separating and dismantling the copper and iron of waste transformer coils, comprising: a platform assembly 1, a clamping and cutting assembly, a torque distribution assembly 4, and a controller 5. The platform assembly 1 includes a worktable 101, a lifting screw 102, and a holding rod 103. The top of the worktable 101 is respectively provided with a track seat 1011 and a mounting seat 1012. The lifting screw 102 is rotatably connected to the inside of the track seat 1011, and the holding rod 103 is inserted into the inside of the track seat 1011. The lifting screw 102 is screwed into the inside of the holding rod 103 through a rod thread. The controller 5 is fixedly installed on the side of the worktable 101. The clamping and cutting assembly includes a clamping mechanism 3, and the clamping mechanism 3 includes a fixed seat 301, a positioning screw 302, and a suitable... The worktable 101 is fixedly installed on the top of the worktable 101, with a positioning screw 302 rotatably connected to the inside of the worktable 301. The abutment 303 is inserted into the inside of the worktable 301 along the axial direction, and the positioning screw 302 is screwed into the inside of the abutment 303 through the rod thread. The inner wall abutment 304 is inserted into the inside of the worktable 301 along the radial direction, and the included angle between adjacent inner wall abutments 304 is 120 degrees. A three-jaw centering structure is adopted to ensure accurate positioning of the transformer coil after clamping and fixing, which facilitates subsequent cutting operations. The torque distribution component 4 includes a connecting seat 401, which is fixedly installed on the bottom of the worktable 101.

[0024] The clamping and cutting assembly also includes a cutting mechanism 2, which comprises a lifting push rod 201, a lifting seat 202, a displacement push rod 203, and a cutting machine body 204. The lifting push rod 201 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the mounting base 1012, and its top end is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting seat 202. The lifting seat 202 is inserted into the interior of the mounting base 1012. The displacement push rod 203 is fixedly installed on the side of the lifting seat 202, and one end of the push rod of the displacement push rod 203 is fixedly installed with the cutting machine body 204. The cutting mechanism 2 has two sets, and the two... The cutting mechanism 2 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping mechanism 3. The cutting blade of the cutting machine body 204 is equipped with a dust collection cover, and the dust collection cover has a collection channel 2042. The collection channel 2042 is connected to a negative pressure vacuum cleaner through a pipe. A pressure sensor 2041 is provided on the side of the dust collection cover, and the pressure sensor 2041 is located within the cutting range of the cutting machine body 204. The cutting blade of the cutting machine body 204 is a 1.2mm thick diamond ultra-thin cutting blade. A ring-shaped nylon is coaxially mounted on the side of the cutting blade near the copper wire winding. The nylon protective shield has an outer diameter 0.5mm smaller than the outer diameter of the diamond ultra-thin cutting blade. A pressure sensor 2041 is mounted on the back of the nylon protective shield and is electrically connected to the controller 5. When the pressure sensor 2041 is triggered, the controller 5 can control the cutting machine body 204 to immediately stop the feed and quickly retract the blade. Each lifting seat 202 of one set of cutting mechanisms 2 is equipped with a laser rangefinder sensor, which is electrically connected to the controller 5. The laser rangefinder sensor can scan and identify the coil radially. The inner diameter of the hole, the winding thickness, and the outer diameter of the iron core are measured. The laser rangefinder can transmit the scanning data to the controller 5, which automatically calculates and locks the maximum cutting depth of the cutting machine body 204. The dust collection cover is a semi-enclosed transparent structure with a safety interlock switch. The safety interlock switch is electrically connected to the controller 5. The cutting machine body 204 can only be started when the dust collection cover is fully closed and the safety interlock switch is triggered. When the dust collection cover is opened during the cutting process, the safety interlock switch can trigger the controller 5 to control the cutting machine body 204 to stop immediately.

[0025] The torque distribution assembly 4 further includes a drive gear 402, a control gear 403, a distribution gear 404, and a pressure disc 405. The drive gear 402 is rotatably connected inside the connecting seat 401, the control gear 403 is rotatably connected inside the connecting seat 401, and the distribution gear 404 is rotatably connected inside the connecting seat 401. The drive gear 402, control gear 403, and distribution gear 404 are on the same axial direction, and the control gear 403 and distribution gear 404 are symmetrically arranged. The pressure disc 405 has a regular polygonal cross-sectional shape. Furthermore, the pressure plate 405 is inserted into the inside of the connecting seat 401. In use, the lifting screw 102 and the holding rod 103 form a holding mechanism. The working combination of the holding mechanism and the clamping mechanism 3 can realize the double-end clamping and fixing function of the transformer coil, thereby ensuring that the transformer coil will not slip or move during cutting. Moreover, the holding mechanism and the clamping mechanism 3 are driven by two sets of torque distribution components 4 to distribute the driving force of the drive motor 104. That is, a single drive source can realize the bidirectional composite clamping operation of radial support of the inner hole and axial pressing of the end face, which is flexible and convenient to use.

[0026] The torque distribution assembly 4 has two sets. The outer end of the distribution gear 404 of one set of torque distribution assembly 4 is connected to the bottom of the lifting screw 102 via a gear set, and the outer end of the distribution gear 404 of the other set of torque distribution assembly 4 is connected to the bottom of the positioning screw 302 via another gear set. In use, when clamping and fixing the transformer coil, after placing the transformer coil on top of the clamping mechanism 3, the power of the drive motor 104 can be turned on by the controller 5. After being powered on, the drive motor 104 can control the clamping operation of the clamping mechanism 3 on the bottom of the transformer coil and the clamping operation of the pressing mechanism on the top of the transformer. The side of the pressure plate 405 is provided with a pressure top spring 4051, and the two ends of the pressure top spring 4051 respectively abut against the pressure plate. The side of the disc 405 and the interior of the connecting seat 401 are illustrated here using the clamping mechanism 3 and its bottom torque distribution as an example of the transmission. When the drive motor 104 is powered on, it can drive the drive rod 105 to rotate. When the drive rod 105 rotates, the drive gear 1051 can drive the drive gear 402 to rotate. Under the action of the pressure spring 4051, the adapting protrusion 4052 will be inserted into the center position of the pressure groove 4031, thereby providing rotational resistance to the control gear 403 through the pressure disc 405. Since the clamping mechanism 3 does not perform the clamping function of the transformer coil at this time, the rotational resistance of the positioning screw 302 is less than the rotational resistance of the control gear 403. The side of the drive gear 402 is rotatably connected to the connecting gear 4021, and the connecting gear 4021... The rotation axis is set radially on the drive gear 402. The teeth on both sides of the connecting gear 4021 mesh with the teeth of the control gear 403 and the distribution gear 404, respectively. Therefore, when the drive gear 402 rotates, the control gear 403 does not rotate. Consequently, when the drive gear 402 rotates, the connecting gear 4021 rotates through meshing with the teeth of the control gear 403. The rotating connecting gear 4021, in turn, drives the distribution gear 404 to rotate through the meshing action of its teeth. Thus, when the distribution gear 404 rotates, it drives the positioning screw 302 to rotate through the gear set on its side. When the positioning screw 302 rotates, it drives the adapting block 303 to move downwards through the threaded rod. The bottom of the adapting block 303 is provided with... The inner wall abutment block 304 has a linkage inclined surface 3041 that cooperates with the contact inclined surface 3031. A reset spring 3042 is provided on the side of the inner wall abutment block 304. The two ends of the reset spring 3042 abut against the inside of the inner wall abutment block 304 and the inside of the fixing seat 301, respectively. The linkage inclined surface 3041 abuts against the side of the contact inclined surface 3031. When the abutment block 303 moves downwards, the contact inclined surface 3031 can drive the inner wall abutment block 304 to move outwards through the linkage inclined surface 3041, thus lengthening the reset spring 3042. After moving, the inner wall abutment block 304 will abut against the inner side of the transformer coil, clamping and fixing the bottom of the transformer coil. Simultaneously, another set of torque distribution components 4 can drive the lifting screw 102 to rotate.This causes the holding rod 103 to move downwards so that it can hold the top of the transformer coil, thus securing and positioning the top of the transformer coil. This method is flexible and convenient to use.

[0027] The pressure plate 405 has an internal adaptation protrusion 4052, and the control gear 403 has an external adaptation groove. The adaptation protrusion 4052 is inserted into the adaptation groove. The adaptation groove consists of a "V"-shaped pressure groove 4031 and an annular idle groove 4032. The pressure groove 4031 is connected to the side of the idle groove 4032. The platform assembly 1 also includes a drive motor 104 and a drive rod 105. The drive motor 104 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the worktable 101, and the drive rod 105 is rotatably connected to the inside of the connecting seat 401. The drive rod 105 and the drive motor 104 are connected by a drive gear 1051. Furthermore, the meshing transmission of the drive gear 1051 and the control gear 403 allows for independent limiting of the fixing force of both the clamping mechanism 3 and the pressing mechanism during use, preventing damage to the transformer coil due to excessive pressure. Taking the case where the clamping mechanism 3 reaches its clamping force first while the pressing mechanism does not, as an example, when the clamping mechanism 3 reaches its maximum clamping force, the moving resistance of the inner wall abutment 304 acts on the positioning screw 302. At this point, the rotational resistance of the positioning screw 302 is the same as the rotational resistance of the distribution gear 404. After the clamping mechanism 3 reaches its clamping force, the rotational resistance of the distribution gear 404 is greater than that of the control gear 403, which, through the pressure spring 4051, achieves rotational resistance. The dynamic resistance prevents the distribution gear 404 from rotating when the drive rod 105 drives the drive gear 402 to continue rotating. This allows the connecting gear 4021 to rotate through meshing with the distribution gear 404. The connecting gear 4021, in turn, drives the control gear 403 to rotate through meshing. When the control gear 403 rotates, the adaptation protrusion 4052 slides from the pressure groove 4031 into the idle groove 4032, and the pressure plate 405 moves to one side to avoid the rotation of the control gear 403 and compress the pressure spring 4051. This prevents the device from jamming and also avoids hindering the continued rotation of the drive rod 105. The clamping mechanism 3 will not continue to apply clamping force because the distribution gear 404 of the torque distribution component 4 will no longer rotate. This can prevent the transformer coil from being damaged due to excessive clamping force. Since the clamping mechanism has not reached the clamping force, the torque distribution component 4 at the bottom can still transmit the driving force of the drive rod 105 to the lifting screw 102, so that the clamping rod 103 continues to move down until the clamping rod 103 touches and reaches the set clamping force at the top of the transformer coil. Then, the torque distribution component 4 at the bottom of the clamping mechanism will change its usage state, that is, switch to the state where the control gear 403 rotates and the distribution gear 404 does not rotate, which is convenient and flexible to use.

[0028] The specific usage and function of this embodiment: In this invention, when cutting the transformer coil, the cooperation between the pressing mechanism and the clamping mechanism 3 can achieve the function of clamping and fixing the transformer coil at both ends. When clamping and fixing the transformer coil, after placing the transformer coil on top of the clamping mechanism 3, the power of the drive motor 104 can be turned on through the controller 5. After the drive motor 104 is powered on, it can control the clamping mechanism 3 to clamp the bottom of the transformer coil and the pressing mechanism to clamp the top of the transformer. Here, the example of the cooperation and transmission of the clamping mechanism 3 and its bottom torque distribution is used. When the drive motor 104 is powered on, it can drive the drive rod 105 to rotate. When the drive rod 105 rotates, it drives the gear 1. 051 can drive the drive gear 402 to rotate. Under the action of the pressure spring 4051, the adapting protrusion 4052 will be inserted into the center position of the pressure groove 4031, thereby providing rotational resistance to the control gear 403 through the pressure plate 405. Since the clamping mechanism 3 does not perform the clamping function of the transformer coil at this time, the rotational resistance of the positioning screw 302 is less than the rotational resistance of the control gear 403. Therefore, when the drive gear 402 rotates, the control gear 403 will not rotate. Consequently, when the drive gear 402 rotates, the connecting gear 4021 can rotate through the meshing action of the gear teeth with the control gear 403. When the connecting gear 4021 rotates, it can also drive the distribution gear 40 through the meshing action of the gear teeth. 4. When the gear 404 rotates, it drives the positioning screw 302 to rotate via the gear set on its side. When the positioning screw 302 rotates, it drives the adapting block 303 to move downward via the thread on the rod body. When the adapting block 303 moves downward, it abuts against the inclined surface 3031, which drives the inner wall block 304 to move outward via the linkage inclined surface 3041 and stretches the reset top spring 3042. After moving, the inner wall block 304 abuts against the inner side of the transformer coil to clamp and fix the bottom of the transformer coil. At the same time, another set of torque distribution components 4 drives the lifting screw 102 to rotate, thereby driving the pressing rod 103 to move downward so as to press against the top of the transformer coil to press and position the top of the transformer coil. The clamping mechanism 3 and the pressing mechanism can both be independently limited in their fixing force to prevent damage to the transformer coil due to excessive pressure. Taking the case where the clamping mechanism 3 reaches its clamping force first while the pressing mechanism does not, as an example, when the clamping mechanism 3 reaches its maximum clamping force, the moving resistance of the inner wall abutment 304 acts on the positioning screw 302. At this time, the rotational resistance of the positioning screw 302 is the same as the rotational resistance of the distribution gear 404. After the clamping mechanism 3 reaches its clamping force, the rotational resistance of the distribution gear 404 is greater than the rotational resistance obtained by the control gear 403 through the pressure spring 4051. Therefore, when the drive rod 105 drives the drive gear 402 to continue rotating, the distribution gear 404 will not continue to rotate.Therefore, when the drive gear 402 rotates, the connecting gear 4021 can rotate through the meshing action with the distribution gear 404. When the connecting gear 4021 rotates, it can also drive the control gear 403 to rotate through the meshing action. When the control gear 403 rotates, the adaptable protrusion 4052 can slide from the pressure groove 4031 into the interior of the idle groove 4032, and the pressure plate 405 will move to one side to avoid the rotation action of the control gear 403 and compress the pressure top spring 4051, so as not to jam the device or hinder the drive. As the moving rod 105 continues to rotate, and because the distribution gear 404 of the torque distribution component 4 stops rotating, the clamping mechanism 3 will not continue to apply clamping force, thus preventing damage to the transformer coil due to excessive clamping force. Since the clamping mechanism has not reached the clamping force, the torque distribution component 4 at its bottom can still transmit the driving force of the driving rod 105 to the lifting screw 102, causing the clamping rod 103 to continue to move downward until the clamping rod 103 contacts and reaches the set clamping force at the top of the transformer coil. The torque distribution component 4 at the bottom of the holding mechanism also changes its operating state, switching to a state where the control gear 403 rotates while the distribution gear 404 does not rotate. After the transformer coil is fixed, the cutting operation can begin. By controlling the operating state of the lifting push rod 201 and the displacement push rod 203 through the controller 5, the cutting machine body 204 can be driven to change its operating position and move up and down to perform the cutting operation. The powder generated during the cutting process can be collected by the dust collection cover, and the negative pressure vacuum cleaner can collect the powder through the collection channel 2042. During the cutting process, if the cutting depth is too deep, the pressure sensor 2041 will contact the copper wire winding before the cutting blade of the cutting machine body 204. After the pressure sensor 2041 is triggered, the controller 5 immediately stops the cutting and quickly retracts the blade, completely eliminating the risk of cutting the copper wire and ensuring the integrity of the copper wire winding. After the cutting operation is completed, controlling the drive motor 104 to reverse will reset the clamping mechanism 3 and the holding mechanism, facilitating the removal of the transformer coil and the subsequent placement and fixing of the transformer coil.

[0029] Example 2: Based on Example 1, the controller 5 is a small PLC host. The controller 5 is equipped with a 7-inch touch screen. The workbench 101 is equipped with three physical control buttons corresponding to the controller 5: emergency stop, start, and stop. The clamping mechanism 3 is equipped with a position sensor. The position sensor is electrically connected to the controller 5. The position sensor is used to detect the clamping status of the transformer coil and transmit the signal to the controller 5.

[0030] The controller 5 is electrically connected to the laser rangefinder, the cutting machine body 204, the negative pressure vacuum cleaner, the safety interlock switch, and the pressure sensor 2041. The controller 5 can receive the scanning data from the laser rangefinder and automatically generate cutting parameters such as cutting depth, feed speed, and spindle speed. It also supports manual fine-tuning of cutting parameters via a touch screen. After pressing the start button, the controller 5 can sequentially control the negative pressure vacuum cleaner to start, the cutting machine body 204 to start, and the two cutting mechanisms 2 to feed synchronously according to the preset program. After the cutting machine body 204 reaches the set cutting depth, the controller 5 controls it to automatically retract the blade and sequentially controls the cutting machine body 204 to stop and the negative pressure vacuum cleaner to shut off after a delay, achieving fully automated operation.

[0031] The controller 5 has a built-in multi-dimensional safety interlock logic. When the clamping mechanism 3 is not clamped in place or the positioning sensor is not triggered, the controller 5 locks the equipment startup program, and the cutting machine body 204 cannot start. When the dust collection cover is not closed or the safety interlock switch is not triggered, the controller 5 also locks the equipment startup program, and the cutting machine body 204 cannot start. During the cutting process, if the clamping mechanism 3 becomes loose, causing the positioning sensor to disconnect, the dust collection cover to open, causing the safety interlock switch to disconnect, or the pressure sensor 2041 to trigger an overtravel signal, the controller 5 will immediately control the equipment to stop and trigger an alarm. After pressing the emergency stop button, the controller 5 will control the entire equipment to immediately cut off the power.

[0032] The entire process of copper-iron separation in this equipment is as follows: Pre-processing: Remove the outer casing and terminals of the old transformer, and take out the complete coil winding with silicon steel sheet core; Clamping and centering: Place the coil on the fixed seat 301 of the clamping mechanism 3 to complete the inner support centering and axial pressing fixation. After clamping is in place, the sensor is triggered and the touch screen displays that clamping is complete. Scanning parameters: Close the dust collection cover, press the scan button on the touch screen, the laser rangefinder scans the dimension along the coil radially, and the controller 5 automatically generates and locks the cutting parameters; Synchronous cutting: Press the start button, and the controller 5 controls the equipment to complete the double-end synchronous cutting according to the preset program, accurately cutting the silicon steel sheet core and end insulation layer at both ends of the coil without damaging the copper wire. Copper-iron separation: After cutting, loosen the clamping mechanism 3 and the holding mechanism, take out the coil, and pull the iron core out of the winding to complete the copper-iron separation of the copper wire winding and the silicon steel sheet.

Claims

1. A special clamp and cutting device for separating and dismantling copper and iron in waste transformer coils, comprising a worktable (101), a controller (5), a clamping mechanism (3) for radially clamping the bottom of the transformer coil, and a cutting mechanism (2) for cutting the transformer coil, characterized in that, It also includes a clamping mechanism for axially clamping the top of the transformer coil, a torque distribution drive system for synchronously driving the clamping mechanism (3) and the clamping mechanism; The pressing mechanism includes a track seat (1011), a lifting screw (102), and a pressing rod (103). The track seat (1011) is fixed to the top of the workbench (101). The lifting screw (102) is rotatably connected to the inside of the track seat (1011). The pressing rod (103) is slidably inserted into the track seat (1011) in a vertical direction. The lifting screw (102) is connected to the pressing rod (103) through a threaded rod body, and is used to drive the pressing rod (103) to move vertically up and down. The clamping mechanism (3) includes a fixed base (301), a positioning screw (302), an axial drive block (303), and three radial support blocks (304). The fixed base (301) is fixed to the top of the worktable (101). The positioning screw (302) is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed base (301). The axial drive block (303) is slidably inserted into the fixed base (301) along the axial direction. The positioning screw (302) is connected to the axial drive block (303) through a threaded rod. The three radial support blocks (304) are evenly distributed circumferentially along the fixed base (301). The included angle between the centers of adjacent radial support blocks (304) is 120°. The radial support blocks (304) are slidably inserted into the fixed base (301) along the radial direction. The axial drive block (303)... The bottom is provided with a contacting inclined surface (3031), and the inner side of the radial support block (304) is provided with a linkage inclined surface (3041) that slides with the contacting inclined surface (3031). A reset top spring (3042) is provided between the radial support block (304) and the fixed seat (301). The two ends of the reset top spring (3042) abut against the radial support block (304) and the fixed seat (301) respectively. The torque distribution drive system includes a drive motor (104), a drive rod (105), and two sets of torque distribution components (4). The drive motor (104) is fixed to the bottom of the worktable (101). The drive rod (105) is connected to the shaft of the drive motor (104) for transmission. A drive gear (1051) is fixed on the rod body of the drive rod (105). Each set of torque distribution components (4) includes a connecting seat (401), a drive gear (402), a control gear (403), a distribution gear (404), and a pressure plate (405). The connecting seat (401) is fixed to the bottom of the worktable (101). The drive gear (402), control gear (403), and distribution gear (404) are coaxially rotatably connected inside the connecting seat (401). The control gear (403) and distribution gear (404) are symmetrically arranged on the drive gear (402). The drive gear (402) is rotatably connected to the side of the drive gear (402), and the rotation axis of the connecting gear (4021) is arranged radially along the drive gear (402). The teeth on both sides of the connecting gear (4021) mesh with the control gear (403) and the distribution gear (404) respectively. The pressure plate (405) is slidably inserted into the connecting seat (401) along the axial direction. A pressure top spring (4051) is provided between the pressure plate (405) and the connecting seat (401). The two ends of the pressure top spring (4051) abut against the pressure plate (405) and the connecting seat (401) respectively. The pressure plate (405) has an adaptation protrusion (4052) on the side facing the control gear (403). The outer wall of the shaft of the control gear (403) has an adaptation groove that mates with the adaptation protrusion (4052). The adaptation groove includes a V The pressure groove (4031) is shaped and the idling groove (4032) is annular, with the sidewalls of the pressure groove (4031) and the idling groove (4032) connected. The control gears (403) of both sets of torque distribution components (4) are meshed with the drive gears (1051) for transmission; the distribution gears (404) of one set of torque distribution components (4) are connected to the bottom of the lifting screw (102) through the first gear set, and the distribution gears (404) of the other set of torque distribution components (4) are connected to the bottom of the positioning screw (302) through the second gear set; The cutting mechanism (2) is provided in two sets, which are symmetrically arranged on both radial sides of the clamping mechanism (3). The cutting mechanism (2) includes a lifting push rod (201), a lifting seat (202), a displacement push rod (203), and a cutting machine body (204). The top of the worktable (101) is fixed with a mounting base (1012). The lifting push rod (201) is fixed to the bottom of the mounting base (1012). The top of the push rod of the lifting push rod (201) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting seat (202). The lifting seat (202) is slidably inserted into the mounting base (1012) in the vertical direction. The displacement push rod (203) is fixed to the side of the lifting seat (202). The end of the push rod of the displacement push rod (203) is fixedly connected to the cutting machine body (204) and is used to drive the cutting machine body (204) to feed radially along the transformer coil. The controller (5) Fixed to the side of the workbench (101), the controller (5) is electrically connected to the drive motor (104) and the cutting mechanism (2) respectively.

2. The special clamp and cutting equipment for separating and dismantling the copper and iron of waste transformer coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting blade of the cutting machine body (204) is covered with a dust collection cover. The side wall of the dust collection cover is provided with a collection channel (2042), which is connected to a negative pressure vacuum cleaner through a pipe. The inner side of the dust collection cover is provided with a pressure sensor (2041). The pressure sensor (2041) is located within the cutting range of the cutting machine body (204) and is electrically connected to the controller (5).

3. The special clamp and cutting equipment for separating and dismantling the copper and iron of waste transformer coils according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cutting blade of the cutting machine body (204) is a diamond ultra-thin cutting blade with a thickness of 1.2mm. An annular nylon protective baffle is coaxially fixed on the side of the cutting blade facing the transformer coil winding. The outer diameter of the nylon protective baffle is 0.5mm smaller than the outer diameter of the cutting edge of the cutting blade. The pressure sensor (2041) is fixed on the back of the nylon protective baffle.

4. The special clamp and cutting equipment for separating and dismantling copper and iron in waste transformer coils according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dust collection cover is a semi-enclosed transparent cover. A safety interlock switch is provided on the dust collection cover. The safety interlock switch is electrically connected to the controller (5). The safety interlock switch is triggered only when the dust collection cover is fully closed, and the controller (5) allows the cutting machine body (204) to start.

5. The special clamp and cutting equipment for separating and dismantling copper and iron in waste transformer coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, A laser rangefinder is fixed on the lifting seat (202) of one of the cutting mechanisms (2). The laser rangefinder is electrically connected to the controller (5). The laser rangefinder is used to scan along the radial direction of the transformer coil and obtain the inner diameter of the coil, the winding thickness, and the outer diameter of the iron core. The controller (5) is used to calculate and lock the maximum feed depth of the cutting machine body (204) based on the scanning parameters.

6. The special clamp and cutting equipment for separating and dismantling copper and iron in waste transformer coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure plate (405) has a regular polygonal cross-section, and the connecting seat (401) has a polygonal groove inside that matches the shape of the pressure plate (405). The pressure plate (405) slides axially into the polygonal groove.

7. The special clamp and cutting equipment for separating and dismantling the copper and iron of waste transformer coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, A positioning sensor is installed on the fixed base (301) of the clamping mechanism (3). The positioning sensor is electrically connected to the controller (5) and is used to detect the clamping status of the transformer coil.

8. The special clamp and cutting equipment for separating and dismantling the copper and iron of waste transformer coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (5) is a PLC host, and the controller (5) is equipped with a touch screen. The workbench (101) is equipped with an emergency stop button, a start button and a stop button that are electrically connected to the controller (5).

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