A boring and milling processing device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of boring and milling technology, specifically to a boring and milling apparatus and method, comprising a support, multiple clamping units, and a boring and milling assembly. The boring and milling assembly includes two boring and milling moving units, a tool head exchange unit, two boring cutters, and two milling cutters. The boring and milling moving units move the boring cutters and milling cutters into the tool head exchange unit. The upper large-diameter boring cutter and the lower small-diameter milling cutter are both stored in the tool head exchange unit, which then exchanges their positions. After the exchange, the two boring cutters are remounted on their respective boring and milling moving units. The milling cutter exchange operation is performed according to the above operation. Using the tool heads with exchanged diameters, boring and milling of different diameters is completed on the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing. Thus, by quickly exchanging tool heads of different diameters, there is no need to flip the machining housing or perform secondary clamping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of boring and milling technology, and more particularly to a boring and milling apparatus and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of boring and milling machining of automotive parts, existing technologies typically clamp and fix the automotive body parts to be machined on a machining table, and complete the boring of the hole system of the parts through a boring and milling mechanism arranged on one side. For through stepped holes of different diameters that are large at both ends and small in the middle of the body parts, existing technologies require first completing the machining of the hole on one side of the part, and then flipping the part over for secondary clamping to complete the machining of the hole on the other side of the part.

[0003] In the aforementioned prior art, the secondary clamping process after the part is flipped is prone to positioning datum offset, making it impossible to guarantee that the positioning datum of the secondary clamping is completely coincident with that of the initial clamping. This results in excessive coaxiality and positional deviations of the upper and lower double-sided holes after machining, making it difficult to stably control the hole diameter accuracy and geometric tolerances. This fails to meet the high-precision machining requirements of the automotive parts industry, and the pass rate of mass-produced parts is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a boring and milling machining device that can avoid secondary clamping of parts and stably guarantee machining accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a boring and milling machining device and method to solve the problem that in the prior art, the positioning reference is easily offset during the secondary clamping process after the part is flipped, and it is impossible to ensure that the positioning reference of the secondary clamping is completely coincident with that of the first clamping. This results in the coaxiality and positional deviation of the upper and lower double-sided holes after machining exceeding the standard, and the hole diameter accuracy and geometric tolerance are difficult to control stably. This makes it impossible to meet the high-precision machining requirements of the automotive parts industry, and the pass rate of mass-produced parts is difficult to guarantee.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a boring and milling machining apparatus, including a support, multiple clamping units and a boring and milling assembly, wherein the multiple clamping units are sequentially arranged inside the support; The boring and milling assembly includes two boring and milling moving units, a tool head exchange unit, two boring tools, and two milling cutters. The two boring and milling moving units are respectively disposed on the inner top wall and inner bottom wall of the bracket. The tool head exchange unit is disposed on the inner side wall of the bracket. The two boring tools and the two milling cutters are respectively disposed on the corresponding boring and milling moving units. A machining housing is installed between the plurality of clamping units.

[0006] The boring and milling moving unit includes two longitudinal moving parts, a transverse moving part, a lifting part, a rotary machining part, a rotary chamber, and a boring and milling switching mechanism. The two longitudinal moving parts are sequentially arranged on the inner bottom wall of the support. The output ends of the two longitudinal moving parts are fixedly connected to the transverse moving part. The output end of the transverse moving part is fixedly connected to the lifting part. The output end of the lifting part is fixedly connected to the rotary machining part. The output end of the rotary machining part is fixedly connected to the rotary chamber. The boring and milling switching mechanism is located inside the rotary chamber.

[0007] The boring-milling switching mechanism includes a boring-milling switching component, an annular groove, two sliders, an internal connecting block, a boring cutter, and a milling cutter. The boring-milling switching component is disposed on one side of the rotating chamber. The annular groove is rotatably connected to the interior of the rotating chamber. The output end of the boring-milling switching component passes through the rotating chamber and is fixedly connected to the annular groove. The internal connecting block is located inside the annular groove. One end of each of the two sliders is slidably connected to the annular groove, and the other end of each of the two sliders is fixedly connected to the internal connecting block. The boring cutter and the milling cutter are symmetrically mounted at both ends of the internal connecting block.

[0008] The boring and milling switching mechanism further includes two mounting sub-mechanisms and a locking sub-mechanism. The boring cutter and the milling cutter are respectively fixed to the internal connecting block through the corresponding mounting sub-mechanisms, and the locking sub-mechanism is located inside the rotating chamber.

[0009] The mounting sub-mechanism includes a mounting block, multiple fixed electromagnets, multiple movable electromagnets, multiple telescopic rods, and multiple springs. The mounting block has multiple mounting slots, and one end of the mounting block is inserted into the interior of the internal connecting block. The multiple fixed electromagnets are sequentially arranged on the inner sidewall of the internal connecting block. The multiple movable electromagnets are respectively adapted to the corresponding mounting slots. The two ends of the multiple telescopic rods are respectively fixedly connected to the movable electromagnets and the inner sidewall of the internal connecting block. The two ends of the multiple springs are respectively movably connected to the movable electromagnets and the inner sidewall of the internal connecting block. The springs are sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rods.

[0010] The locking sub-mechanism includes two locking moving parts, a locking shell, multiple locking components, and multiple locking blocks. The mounting block also has multiple locking slots. The two locking moving parts are symmetrically arranged inside the rotating chamber. The output ends of the two locking moving parts are fixedly connected to the locking shell. The locking shell is sleeved on the outside of the mounting block. The multiple locking components are sequentially arranged on the outside of the locking shell. The output ends of the multiple locking components pass through the locking shell and are fixedly connected to the corresponding locking blocks. The locking blocks and the locking slots are mutually compatible.

[0011] The blade exchange unit includes a flipping exchange mechanism and two flipping locking mechanisms. The two flipping locking mechanisms have the same structure as the locking sub-mechanism. The flipping exchange mechanism is mounted on the bracket, and the two flipping locking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the flipping exchange mechanism.

[0012] The flipping and exchanging mechanism includes a U-shaped plate, a flipping component, and a flipping plate. The U-shaped plate is disposed on the inner side wall of the bracket, and the flipping plate is rotatably connected to the U-shaped plate. The flipping component is disposed on one side of the U-shaped plate, and the output end of the flipping component passes through the U-shaped plate and is fixedly connected to the flipping plate. Two flipping locking mechanisms are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the flipping plate.

[0013] The clamping unit includes a clamping component and a clamping member. The clamping component is disposed inside the bracket, and the output end of the clamping component is provided with the clamping member. The processing housing is clamped between multiple clamping members.

[0014] The present invention also provides a boring and milling machining method, which uses the boring and milling machining apparatus described above and includes the following steps: The processing housing is fixed between the plurality of clamping units; The two boring and milling moving units respectively drive the boring bar and the milling cutter to perform boring and milling on the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing; After the machining of the large or small diameter of one side of the housing is completed, the boring and milling moving unit drives the boring tool and the milling cutter to move into the tool head exchange unit; The upper large-diameter boring tool and the lower small-diameter milling cutter are both stored in the tool head exchange unit, which then swaps their positions. After the exchange is completed, the two boring tools are remounted on their respective boring and milling moving units; Perform the milling cutter exchange operation according to the above steps; Using the tool head with the changed diameter, boring and milling of different diameters are performed on the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing.

[0015] This invention discloses a boring and milling machining apparatus and method, in which a machining housing is fixedly placed between multiple clamping units; two boring and milling moving units respectively drive the boring cutter and the milling cutter to perform boring and milling machining on the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing; after the machining of the large or small diameter on one side of the machining housing is completed, the boring and milling moving units drive the boring cutter and the milling cutter to move into the tool head exchange unit; the upper large-diameter boring cutter and the lower small-diameter milling cutter are both stored in the tool head exchange unit, and the tool head exchange unit exchanges their positions; after the exchange, the two boring cutters are reinstalled on their respective boring and milling moving units; the milling cutter exchange operation is performed according to the above operation; using the tool head with the exchanged diameter, the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing are boring and milled with different diameters; thus, by quickly exchanging tool heads with different diameters, the machining housing does not need to be flipped or clamped twice, improving machining accuracy and making it easier to machine variable diameter holes in automotive parts. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the boring and milling processing device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the boring and milling apparatus of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 2 A sectional view along line AA.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the bracket of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating chamber of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotating chamber of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting block of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is the invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of the local structure at point B.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the internal structure of the rotating chamber of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the blade exchange unit of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the boring and milling machining method of the present invention.

[0028] 1-Bracket, 2-Bore boring tool, 3-Milling cutter, 4-Machining housing, 5-Longitudinal moving component, 6-Transverse moving component, 7-Lifting component, 8-Rotary machining component, 9-Rotary chamber, 10-Bore / milling switching component, 11-Annular groove, 12-Slider, 13-Internal connecting block, 14-Clamping component, 15-Clamping piece, 16-Mounting block, 17-Fixed electromagnet, 18-Movable electromagnet, 19-Telescopic rod, 20-Spring, 21-Mounting groove, 22-Locking moving component, 23-Locking housing, 24-Locking component, 25-Locking block, 26-Locking groove, 27-U-shaped plate, 28-Flipping component, 29-Flipping plate, 30-Flipping locking mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides a boring and milling machining device, including a bracket 1, multiple clamping units and a boring and milling assembly, wherein the multiple clamping units are sequentially arranged inside the bracket 1; The boring and milling assembly includes two boring and milling moving units, a tool head exchange unit, two boring tools 2 and two milling cutters 3. The two boring and milling moving units are respectively disposed on the inner top wall and inner bottom wall of the bracket 1. The tool head exchange unit is disposed on the inner side wall of the bracket 1. The two boring tools 2 and the two milling cutters 3 are respectively disposed on the corresponding boring and milling moving units. A machining housing 4 is installed between the multiple clamping units.

[0031] In this embodiment, the bracket 1 provides a stable mounting foundation for the entire boring and milling machining device, and provides a closed mounting space for each machining component and clamping component, ensuring the structural stability of the device during machining. Multiple clamping units can form a multi-directional stable clamping and fixing of the machining housing 4 to be machined, allowing for the completion of the entire subsequent machining process with a single clamping, eliminating the need for secondary clamping and preventing positioning reference offset issues caused by secondary clamping, thus ensuring machining accuracy. Two boring and milling moving units are symmetrically arranged on the inner top and bottom walls of the bracket 1, respectively, and can drive the boring bar 2 and milling cutter 3 to complete multi-dimensional positional movement and rotation machining, achieving synchronous or step-by-step boring and milling of the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing 4 without the need for flipping. The workpiece can be machined with double-sided holes. The tool exchange unit can realize the rapid and automated exchange of boring tools 2 and milling cutters 3 with different diameters, which can meet the boring and milling needs of different hole diameters on the housing 4. There is no need for manual tool changing, which greatly improves the processing efficiency. The two boring tools 2 are boring tools with different machining diameters, which can be adapted to boring of large-diameter and small-diameter hole systems respectively. The two milling cutters 3 are milling tools of different specifications, which can complete end milling, beveling and other processes. Through the cooperation of boring tools 2 and milling cutters 3, multiple processes of boring and milling can be completed in one clamping. It perfectly meets the high-precision machining needs of through-hole stepped holes of different diameters in automotive housing parts, effectively ensuring the coaxiality and positional accuracy of the upper and lower double-sided holes, and improving the qualification rate of parts in mass production.

[0032] Furthermore, the boring and milling moving unit includes two longitudinal moving parts 5, a transverse moving part 6, a lifting part 7, a rotary machining part 8, a rotary chamber 9, and a boring and milling switching mechanism. The two longitudinal moving parts 5 are sequentially arranged on the inner bottom wall of the support 1. The output ends of the two longitudinal moving parts 5 are fixedly connected to the transverse moving part 6. The output end of the transverse moving part 6 is fixedly connected to the lifting part 7. The output end of the lifting part 7 is fixedly connected to the rotary machining part 8. The output end of the rotary machining part 8 is fixedly connected to the rotary chamber 9. The boring and milling switching mechanism is located inside the rotary chamber 9.

[0033] In this embodiment, the two longitudinal moving parts 5 are high-precision servo linear guides, which can drive the transverse moving part 6 to perform linear reciprocating motion along the longitudinal direction of the bracket 1, adjusting the longitudinal machining position of the tool; the transverse moving part 6 is a high-precision servo linear guide, which can drive the lifting part 7 to perform linear reciprocating motion along the transverse direction, adjusting the transverse machining position of the tool; the lifting part 7 is a high-precision servo electric cylinder, which can drive the rotary machining part 8 to perform vertical lifting motion, adjusting the machining depth of the tool to adapt to the machining requirements of machining housings 4 of different thicknesses; through the three-axis coordinated drive of the longitudinal moving part 5, the transverse moving part 6, and the lifting part 7... The rotating mechanism allows the cutting tool to move to any position in three-dimensional space, precisely aligning with the machining points and ensuring machining position accuracy. The rotating machining component 8 is a high-precision servo spindle motor, which drives the rotating chamber 9 to rotate at high speed, thereby driving the boring tool 2 or the milling cutter 3 to rotate at high speed, completing the rotary cutting machining of boring and milling. The rotating chamber 9 provides a sealed installation and protection space for the boring-milling switching mechanism, and at the same time provides a supporting foundation for the installation and switching of the cutting tools. The boring-milling switching mechanism can realize the rapid switching of the boring tool 2 and the milling cutter 3, and can complete the rapid switching of boring and milling processes without manual tool changing, further improving machining efficiency and reducing the auxiliary time for process switching.

[0034] Furthermore, the boring and milling switching mechanism includes a boring and milling switching component 10, an annular groove 11, two sliders 12, an internal connecting block 13, a boring cutter 2, and a milling cutter 3. The boring and milling switching component 10 is disposed on one side of the rotating chamber 9. The annular groove 11 is rotatably connected to the interior of the rotating chamber 9. The output end of the boring and milling switching component 10 passes through the rotating chamber 9 and is fixedly connected to the annular groove 11. The internal connecting block 13 is located inside the annular groove 11. One end of each of the two sliders 12 is slidably connected to the annular groove 11, and the other end of each of the two sliders 12 is fixedly connected to the internal connecting block 13. The boring cutter 2 and the milling cutter 3 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the internal connecting block 13.

[0035] In this embodiment, the boring-milling switching component 10 is a high-precision servo rotary motor, which can drive the annular groove 11 to rotate precisely 180° inside the rotating chamber 9, providing rotational driving power for the switching of the boring cutter 2 and the milling cutter 3. The annular groove 11 provides sliding guidance and rotational transmission foundation for the two sliders 12, which can drive the internal connecting block 13 to rotate synchronously, realizing the switching of the boring cutter 2 and the milling cutter 3. The two sliders 12 can slide and adjust along the internal groove of the annular groove 11 to adapt to the fine adjustment of the position of the internal connecting block 13, and at the same time, can stably transmit the rotational torque of the annular groove 11 to the internal connecting block 13, ensuring the structural stability during the rotation process. The internal connecting block 13 provides symmetrical mounting support for the boring cutter 2 and the milling cutter 3. The 180° rotation can realize the rapid switching between the boring and milling positions. After the switching, the rotation center of the tool is completely coincident with the rotation center of the spindle, ensuring the machining accuracy after the switching, eliminating the need for repeated tool setting, and greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of process switching.

[0036] Furthermore, the boring and milling switching mechanism also includes two mounting sub-mechanisms and a locking sub-mechanism. The boring cutter 2 and the milling cutter 3 are respectively fixed to the internal connecting block 13 through the corresponding mounting sub-mechanisms, and the locking sub-mechanism is located inside the rotating chamber 9.

[0037] In this embodiment, the two mounting sub-mechanisms provide quick installation and disassembly connection structures for the boring bar 2 and the milling cutter 3, respectively. This enables quick locking and quick unlocking of the cutting tools and the internal connecting block 13, providing a structural basis for subsequent automatic tool head exchange. It eliminates the need for manual tool disassembly and assembly, adapting to the operational requirements of automated tool head exchange. The locking sub-mechanism can form a secondary locking limit for the installed cutting tool, further improving the structural stability of the tool after installation and preventing the tool from loosening or falling off during high-speed rotation machining, thus ensuring safety and machining accuracy during high-speed cutting.

[0038] Further, the mounting sub-mechanism includes a mounting block 16, a plurality of fixed electromagnets 17, a plurality of movable electromagnets 18, a plurality of telescopic rods 19, and a plurality of springs 20. The mounting block 16 has a plurality of mounting slots 21. One end of the mounting block 16 is inserted into the interior of the internal connecting block 13. The plurality of fixed electromagnets 17 are sequentially arranged on the inner sidewall of the internal connecting block 13. The plurality of movable electromagnets 18 are respectively adapted to the corresponding mounting slots 21. The two ends of the plurality of telescopic rods 19 are respectively fixedly connected to the movable electromagnets 18 and the inner sidewall of the internal connecting block 13. The two ends of the plurality of springs 20 are respectively movably connected to the movable electromagnets 18 and the inner sidewall of the internal connecting block 13. The springs 20 are sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rods 19.

[0039] In this embodiment, the mounting block 16 is fixedly connected to the shank of the boring bar 2 and the milling cutter 3, providing a docking base for the connection between the tool and the internal connecting block 13. Multiple mounting slots 21 on the mounting block 16 correspond one-to-one with the movable electromagnets 18, providing suitable space for the electromagnets to engage and lock. The multiple fixed electromagnets 17 and movable electromagnets 18 form an electromagnetic adsorption locking structure. When energized, they generate opposite magnetic fields, forming a mutual attraction locking force. When de-energized, the magnetism disappears, releasing the attraction and locking. When installing the tool, the mounting block 16 is inserted into the corresponding mounting cavity of the internal connecting block 13. When the fixed electromagnets 17 and movable electromagnets 18 are energized, the movable electromagnet 18, under the action of magnetic attraction, overcomes the spring force of the spring 20 and inserts into the mounting slot 21 of the mounting block 16 along the guide of the telescopic rod 19, tightly adsorbing and fitting with the fixed electromagnet 17. This completes the rapid locking and fixing of the mounting block 16 and the internal connecting block 13, achieving rapid tool installation. Quick installation; when the tool needs to be disassembled, the fixed electromagnet 17 and the movable electromagnet 18 are energized in opposite directions, so that they generate the same magnetism and form a repulsive force. Under the repulsive force and the rebound action of the spring 20, the movable electromagnet 18 retracts from the mounting groove 21, releasing the lock, and the mounting block 16 and the tool can be removed from the internal connecting block 13, completing the quick disassembly of the tool; the multiple telescopic rods 19 provide precise guidance for the telescopic movement of the movable electromagnet 18, avoiding positional deviation during the telescopic process and ensuring the accuracy of the locking; the multiple springs 20 can provide the movable electromagnet 18 with the spring force for rebound and reset, and at the same time provide auxiliary pre-tightening force in the locked state, further improving the stability of the locking and avoiding the problem of accidental loosening after power failure; through the electromagnetic adsorption type mounting sub-mechanism, the tool can be automatically and quickly disassembled and assembled without manual operation, perfectly adapting to the automated tool changing requirements of the tool head exchange unit, with fast tool changing speed and high locking reliability.

[0040] Furthermore, the locking sub-mechanism includes two locking moving parts 22, a locking shell 23, multiple locking parts 24, and multiple locking blocks 25. The mounting block 16 also has multiple locking slots 26. The two locking moving parts 22 are symmetrically arranged inside the rotating chamber 9. The output ends of the two locking moving parts 22 are fixedly connected to the locking shell 23. The locking shell 23 is sleeved on the outside of the mounting block 16. The multiple locking parts 24 are sequentially arranged on the outside of the locking shell 23. The output ends of the multiple locking parts 24 all penetrate the locking shell 23 and are fixedly connected to the corresponding locking blocks 25. The locking blocks 25 and the locking slots 26 are mutually adapted.

[0041] In this embodiment, the two locking moving parts 22 are high-precision self-locking electric push rods, which can drive the locking shell 23 to make axial linear movement, adjust the position of the locking shell 23 so that it is sleeved on the outside of the mounting block 16, and provide a basis for secondary locking; the locking shell 23 provides mounting support for multiple locking parts 24 and locking blocks 25, and can also form radial limit on the mounting block 16, further improving the coaxiality and structural stability after the tool is installed; the multiple locking parts 24 are self-locking electric push rods, which can drive the corresponding locking blocks 25 to make radial extension and retraction movements. When the locking shell 23 is sleeved on the outside of the mounting block 16, the locking part... The locking block 25 is extended by component 24 and inserted into the corresponding locking groove 26 of the mounting block 16, completing the secondary radial locking of the mounting block 16. Through the axial mounting sub-mechanism locking and the radial locking sub-mechanism locking, a double locking and fixing structure is formed, which completely avoids the problems of tool loosening, movement, and falling off during high-speed rotation machining, greatly improving the reliability of tool installation and the safety of machining process. At the same time, it can effectively ensure the coaxiality of the tool rotation center and improve machining accuracy. The multiple locking blocks 25 correspond one-to-one with the locking grooves 26 and adopt an interference fit plug-in structure. After locking, there is no gap, which further improves the stability of locking.

[0042] Furthermore, the blade exchange unit includes a flipping exchange mechanism and two flipping locking mechanisms 30. The two flipping locking mechanisms 30 have the same structure as the locking sub-mechanism. The flipping exchange mechanism is disposed on the bracket 1, and the two flipping locking mechanisms 30 are symmetrically disposed on the flipping exchange mechanism.

[0043] In this embodiment, the tool head exchange unit provides an execution structure for the automated exchange of tools of different diameters. It can realize the rapid position exchange of tools on the upper and lower milling moving units, adapting to the machining needs of different hole diameters on the upper and lower sides of the housing. It eliminates the need for manual tool changing and improves machining efficiency. The flipping exchange mechanism can drive two flipping locking mechanisms 30 to complete a precise 180° flip, realizing the position exchange of the upper and lower tools and completing the tool head exchange. The two flipping locking mechanisms 30 have the same structure as the locking sub-mechanism, which can form a stable clamping and locking of the tool mounting block 16 during the tool head exchange process, ensuring that the tool will not fall off or shift during the flipping exchange process. At the same time, it can cooperate with the mounting sub-mechanism to complete the rapid unlocking and locking of the tool, realizing automated tool head disassembly and exchange. The entire exchange process does not require manual intervention, has a high degree of automation, fast exchange speed, and high positioning accuracy of the tool after exchange. Machining can be performed directly without repeated tool setting.

[0044] Furthermore, the flipping and exchanging mechanism includes a U-shaped plate 27, a flipping component 28, and a flipping plate 29. The U-shaped plate 27 is disposed on the inner side wall of the bracket 1, and the flipping plate 29 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped plate 27. The flipping component 28 is disposed on one side of the U-shaped plate 27, and the output end of the flipping component 28 passes through the U-shaped plate 27 and is fixedly connected to the flipping plate 29. Two flipping locking mechanisms 30 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the flipping plate 29.

[0045] In this embodiment, the U-shaped plate 27 provides stable mounting support for the flip plate 29 and the flip component 28, and is fixed to the inner side wall of the bracket 1 to ensure structural stability during the flipping and exchange process. The flip component 28 is a high-precision servo flipping motor, which can drive the flip plate 29 to rotate and flip precisely from 0 to 180°, with a flipping positioning accuracy of ±0.01°, ensuring the positional accuracy of the two tools after the exchange, and ensuring that the tools can be accurately installed in the corresponding position of the boring and milling moving unit after the exchange. The flip plate 29 provides symmetrical mounting support for the two flipping locking mechanisms 30, which can rotate synchronously with the flip component 28, driving the tools held by the two flipping locking mechanisms 30 to complete a 180° position exchange, realizing the rapid exchange of tools of different diameters. The two flipping locking mechanisms 30 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the flip plate 29, and can respectively clamp and fix the tools removed from the upper and lower boring and milling moving units, ensuring the clamping stability of the tools during the flipping process and providing a reliable clamping basis for tool head exchange.

[0046] Furthermore, the clamping unit includes a clamping component 14 and a clamping member 15. The clamping component 14 is disposed inside the bracket 1, and the output end of the clamping component 14 is provided with the clamping member 15. The processing housing 4 is clamped between multiple clamping members 15.

[0047] In this embodiment, the clamping component 14 is a self-locking hydraulic clamping cylinder, which can drive the clamping component 15 to perform linear telescopic movement, providing a stable clamping force for the machining housing 4. The clamping force can be flexibly adjusted according to the material and size of the machining housing 4, ensuring stable clamping without damaging the workpiece surface. The clamping surface of the clamping component 15 is provided with anti-slip texture and flexible protective pad, which can increase the contact friction with the machining housing 4, improve clamping stability, and avoid rigid clamping from scratching the workpiece surface. Multiple clamping units are evenly arranged along the circumference of the machining housing 4, which can form multi-directional synchronous clamping and fixing of the machining housing 4. All boring and milling processes on both sides can be completed in one clamping, without the need for secondary flipping and clamping. This fundamentally avoids the positioning reference offset problem caused by secondary clamping, effectively ensuring the coaxiality and positional accuracy of the hole system on both sides of the machining housing 4, fully meeting the high-precision machining requirements of the automotive parts industry, and improving the qualification rate of parts in mass production.

[0048] When using the boring and milling machining device of this embodiment, the operator first places the machining housing 4 to be machined in the machining station inside the support 1, and activates multiple clamping units. The clamping component 14 drives the clamping member 15 to extend synchronously, forming a multi-directional stable clamping and fixing of the machining housing 4, completing one clamping of the workpiece. After clamping, according to the machining process requirements, the upper and lower boring and milling moving units are activated. Through the three-axis coordinated drive of the longitudinal moving component 5, the transverse moving component 6, and the lifting component 7, the rotating chamber 9 is moved to the preset machining point. At the same time, the boring and milling switching component 10 is activated, driving the annular groove 11 to rotate, and driving the internal connecting block 13 to complete a 180° rotation. The boring bar 2 or milling cutter 3 required for machining is switched to the machining station. After the switch is completed, the locking sub-mechanism is activated. The locking moving component 22 drives the locking shell 23 to be sleeved on the outside of the mounting block 16, and the locking component 24 drives the locking block 25 to be inserted into the locking groove 26, completing the secondary locking of the tool. Subsequently, the rotary machining component 8 is activated, driving the rotary chamber 9 to rotate the tool at high speed. At the same time, the lifting component 7 drives the tool to feed, and the upper and lower surfaces of the machining shell 4 are simultaneously subjected to corresponding boring or milling operations. When the large-diameter or small-diameter process on one side of the machining shell 4 is completed, and it is necessary to change to a tool of the corresponding diameter, the upper and lower boring and milling moving units separate. The corresponding tool is moved to the corresponding station of the tool changing unit. After reaching the tool changing station, the locking submechanism releases the secondary locking of the tool, and the fixed electromagnet 17 and the movable electromagnet 18 of the mounting submechanism are energized in opposite directions to release the locking of the mounting block 16. The boring and milling moving unit drives the rotating chamber 9 to retreat, causing the mounting block 16 to separate from the internal connecting block 13. At the same time, the flip locking mechanism 30 is activated to form a stable clamping and locking of the mounting block 16 of the disassembled tool. After the tools of the upper and lower boring and milling moving units have been disassembled and clamped and fixed by the flip locking mechanism 30, the flipping component 28 is activated, driving the flipping plate 29 to complete a precise 180° flip, driving the upper and lower two different diameter tools to rotate. The tool position is exchanged. After the exchange, the boring and milling moving unit moves the rotating chamber 9 to the position of the exchanged tool, so that the mounting block 16 is inserted into the corresponding cavity of the internal connecting block 13. The mounting sub-mechanism is energized, driving the movable electromagnet 18 to insert into the mounting slot 21 to complete the locking. At the same time, the locking sub-mechanism is activated to complete the secondary locking, realizing the quick installation and fixation of the tool. Thus, the diameter exchange operation of the boring tool 2 is completed. Repeat the above tool changing process to complete the diameter exchange operation of the milling cutter 3. After the tool exchange is completed, the upper and lower boring and milling moving units move the tool with the exchanged diameter back to the machining point to continue boring and milling the upper and lower sides of the machining housing 4 with the corresponding hole diameter until all machining processes are completed.Throughout the entire machining process, the machining housing 4 only requires one clamping, without flipping or secondary clamping, to complete the boring and milling of different diameters on both sides. This fundamentally avoids positioning errors caused by secondary clamping and effectively ensures machining accuracy. After machining is completed, the rotary machining component 8 stops operating, the boring and milling moving unit drives the tool to reset, and the clamping unit drives the clamping member 15 to retract, releasing the clamp on the machining housing 4, allowing the machined workpiece to be removed.

[0049] Please see Figure 11 The present invention also provides a boring and milling machining method, comprising the following steps: S1: The processing housing 4 is placed and fixed between the plurality of clamping units; S2: The two boring and milling moving units respectively drive the boring cutter 2 and the milling cutter 3 to perform boring and milling on the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing 4; S3: After the large or small diameter machining of one side of the machining housing 4 is completed, the boring and milling moving unit drives the boring cutter 2 and the milling cutter 3 to move into the tool head exchange unit; S4: The upper large-diameter boring bar 2 and the lower small-diameter milling cutter 3 both enter the cutter head exchange unit for storage, and the cutter head exchange unit exchanges their positions; S5: After the exchange is completed, the two boring tools 2 are remounted on their respective boring and milling moving units; S6: Perform the exchange operation of the milling cutter 3 according to the above operation; S7: Using the cutter head with the changed diameter, perform boring and milling machining on the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing 4 with different diameters.

[0050] The machining housing 4 is fixed between multiple clamping units. Two boring and milling moving units drive the boring cutter 2 and the milling cutter 3 to perform boring and milling on the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing 4. After the large-diameter or small-diameter machining on one side of the machining housing 4 is completed, the boring and milling moving units drive the boring cutter 2 and the milling cutter 3 to move into the tool head exchange unit. The upper large-diameter boring cutter 2 and the lower small-diameter milling cutter 3 are both stored in the tool head exchange unit, and the tool head exchange unit exchanges their positions. After the exchange, the two boring cutters 2 are reinstalled on their respective boring and milling moving units. The milling cutter 3 is exchanged according to the above operation. Using the tool heads with exchanged diameters, the large and small diameter boring and milling of the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing 4 is completed.

[0051] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A boring and milling machining apparatus, comprising a support and a plurality of clamping units, wherein the plurality of clamping units are sequentially arranged inside the support, characterized in that, It also includes boring and milling components; The boring and milling assembly includes two boring and milling moving units, a tool head exchange unit, two boring tools, and two milling cutters. The two boring and milling moving units are respectively disposed on the inner top wall and inner bottom wall of the bracket. The tool head exchange unit is disposed on the inner side wall of the bracket. The two boring tools and the two milling cutters are respectively disposed on the corresponding boring and milling moving units. A machining housing is installed between the plurality of clamping units.

2. The boring and milling apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The boring and milling moving unit includes two longitudinal moving parts, a transverse moving part, a lifting part, a rotary machining part, a rotary chamber, and a boring and milling switching mechanism. The two longitudinal moving parts are sequentially arranged on the inner bottom wall of the support. The output ends of the two longitudinal moving parts are fixedly connected to the transverse moving part. The output end of the transverse moving part is fixedly connected to the lifting part. The output end of the lifting part is fixedly connected to the rotary machining part. The output end of the rotary machining part is fixedly connected to the rotary chamber. The boring and milling switching mechanism is located inside the rotary chamber.

3. The boring and milling apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The boring-milling switching mechanism includes a boring-milling switching component, an annular groove, two sliders, an internal connecting block, a boring cutter, and a milling cutter. The boring-milling switching component is disposed on one side of the rotating chamber. The annular groove is rotatably connected to the interior of the rotating chamber. The output end of the boring-milling switching component passes through the rotating chamber and is fixedly connected to the annular groove. The internal connecting block is located inside the annular groove. One end of each of the two sliders is slidably connected to the annular groove, and the other end of each of the two sliders is fixedly connected to the internal connecting block. The boring cutter and the milling cutter are symmetrically mounted at both ends of the internal connecting block.

4. The boring and milling apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The boring and milling switching mechanism also includes two mounting sub-mechanisms and a locking sub-mechanism. The boring tool and the milling cutter are respectively fixed to the internal connecting block through the corresponding mounting sub-mechanisms, and the locking sub-mechanism is located inside the rotating chamber.

5. The boring and milling apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting sub-mechanism includes a mounting block, multiple fixed electromagnets, multiple movable electromagnets, multiple telescopic rods, and multiple springs. The mounting block has multiple mounting slots, and one end of the mounting block is inserted into the interior of the internal connecting block. The multiple fixed electromagnets are sequentially arranged on the inner sidewall of the internal connecting block. The multiple movable electromagnets are respectively adapted to their corresponding mounting slots. The two ends of the multiple telescopic rods are respectively fixedly connected to the movable electromagnets and the inner sidewall of the internal connecting block. The two ends of the multiple springs are respectively movably connected to the movable electromagnets and the inner sidewall of the internal connecting block. The springs are sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rods.

6. The boring and milling apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The locking submechanism includes two locking moving parts, a locking shell, multiple locking components, and multiple locking blocks. The mounting block also has multiple locking slots. The two locking moving parts are symmetrically arranged inside the rotating chamber. The output ends of the two locking moving parts are fixedly connected to the locking shell. The locking shell is sleeved on the outside of the mounting block. The multiple locking components are sequentially arranged on the outside of the locking shell. The output ends of the multiple locking components penetrate the locking shell and are fixedly connected to the corresponding locking blocks. The locking blocks and the locking slots are mutually compatible.

7. The boring and milling apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The blade exchange unit includes a flipping exchange mechanism and two flipping locking mechanisms. The two flipping locking mechanisms have the same structure as the locking sub-mechanism. The flipping exchange mechanism is mounted on the bracket, and the two flipping locking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the flipping exchange mechanism.

8. The boring and milling apparatus as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The flipping and exchanging mechanism includes a U-shaped plate, a flipping component, and a flipping plate. The U-shaped plate is disposed on the inner side wall of the bracket, and the flipping plate is rotatably connected to the U-shaped plate. The flipping component is disposed on one side of the U-shaped plate, and the output end of the flipping component passes through the U-shaped plate and is fixedly connected to the flipping plate. Two flipping locking mechanisms are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the flipping plate.

9. The boring and milling apparatus as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The clamping unit includes a clamping component and a clamping member. The clamping component is disposed inside the bracket, and the output end of the clamping component is provided with the clamping member. The processing housing is clamped between multiple clamping members.

10. A boring and milling machining method, employing the boring and milling machining apparatus as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The processing housing is fixed between the plurality of clamping units; The two boring and milling moving units respectively drive the boring bar and the milling cutter to perform boring and milling on the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing; After the machining of the large or small diameter of one side of the housing is completed, the boring and milling moving unit drives the boring tool and the milling cutter to move into the tool head exchange unit; The upper large-diameter boring tool and the lower small-diameter milling cutter are both stored in the tool head exchange unit, which then swaps their positions. After the exchange is completed, the two boring tools are remounted on their respective boring and milling moving units; Perform the milling cutter exchange operation according to the above steps; Using the cutter head with the changed diameter, boring and milling of different diameters are performed on the upper and lower surfaces of the machining housing.

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