High-precision and high-stability deflector head

Abstract

This application relates to a high-precision, high-stability tool unloader, comprising a tool unloader body, a tool unloader slide, and a drive mechanism. The tool unloader slide holds a cutting tool. The tool unloader body includes a main body and a tool unloader rotating body rotatably connected to the main body. The main body is mounted on a housing, and the tool unloader rotating body is connected to a spindle. A bearing is provided between the main body and the tool unloader rotating body; the outer ring of the bearing is connected to the main body, and the inner ring of the bearing is connected to the tool unloader rotating body. The bearing's support position is close to the cutting tool, shortening the distance between the support center and the cutting point, reducing the transmission lever arm of cutting load and centrifugal force, lowering the overturning moment and concentrated stress at the connection interface between the spindle and the tool unloader, alleviating wear and deformation at the connection point, and simultaneously enhancing the radial support rigidity and vibration resistance of the cutting tool end, suppressing vibration transmission to the spindle. While maintaining a compact structure, this improves the rotational accuracy, stability, and machining reliability of the tool unloader.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of unwrapping heads, and in particular to a high-precision and high-stability unwrapping head. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal cutting, the cutting head is a core functional component for machining internal holes, external grooves, and radial feed cutting, and is widely used in special-purpose machine tools, combination machine tools, and automated machining units.

[0003] For example, the utility model patent with patent publication number CN216138485U discloses a servo-driven blade unloader with a built-in drive motor based on a screw transmission mechanism. The blade unloader includes a blade unloader body and a blade holder slider slidably connected to one end of the blade unloader body. A mounting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the blade unloader body away from the blade holder slider. It also includes a power source device, one end of which is drivenly connected to the blade holder slider. The power source device is located inside the blade unloader body. By integrating the power source inside the blade unloader body, it directly drives the blade holder slider to perform radial movement, thus eliminating the need for external power input, making the overall structure more compact and expanding its application scenarios.

[0004] In actual high-speed, heavy-load cutting operations, while the built-in power source design improves the compactness of the cutter head, it also increases its size and overall weight. This causes the centrifugal force, cutting reaction force, and rotational inertia torque generated when the cutter head rotates at high speed with the spindle to concentrate at the connection interface between the spindle end face and the cutter head mounting plate. This directly reduces the stability of the cutter head's operation and easily leads to stress concentration, fretting wear, and even local plastic deformation at the connection points. The resulting vibrations and deformations are also transmitted through the spindle to the housing supporting the spindle and even the entire machine tool structure. Ultimately, this leads to a decrease in the coaxiality of the cutter head's rotation and increased vibration during operation, seriously affecting machining accuracy and workpiece surface quality, which needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issue that the large weight of a built-in powered unloader causes concentrated loads to be applied to its interface with the spindle under high-speed, heavy-load rotation, leading to reduced operational stability of the unloader itself, stress concentration and wear at the interface, and ultimately resulting in decreased rotational accuracy and deteriorated machining quality, this application provides a high-precision, high-stability unloader.

[0006] This application provides a high-precision, high-stability unifier head, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A high-precision, high-stability blade unfolding head includes a blade unfolding head body, a blade unfolding slide plate, and a drive mechanism. The blade unfolding slide plate is slidably connected to the blade unfolding head body, and a blade is provided on the blade unfolding slide plate. The drive mechanism is built into the blade unfolding head body and drives the blade unfolding slide plate to move. The blade unfolding head body includes a main body and a blade unfolding head rotating body rotatably connected to the main body. The main body is used to be mounted on a housing, and the blade unfolding head rotating body is used to be connected to a main shaft. The blade unfolding slide plate and the drive mechanism are disposed on the blade unfolding head rotating body. A bearing is provided between the main body and the blade unfolding head rotating body. The outer ring of the bearing is connected to the main body, and the inner ring of the bearing is connected to the blade unfolding head rotating body.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the support position of bearing one is closer to the tool at the front end of the cutter head, shortening the distance between the support center and the cutting point of the tool. This shortens the lever arm length of the cutting load and centrifugal force transmitted to the support bearing, reducing the overturning moment and concentrated stress on the connection interface between the spindle and the cutter head, effectively alleviating the risk of wear and deformation at the connection point. At the same time, the close-range support enhances the radial support rigidity and vibration resistance of the tool end, enabling the cutter head to have higher rotational accuracy and operational stability under high-speed and heavy-load conditions, suppressing the transmission of vibration to the spindle and housing. While maintaining the overall compact structure, it achieves improvements in machining accuracy, workpiece surface quality, and system operational reliability.

[0009] Optionally, the bearing is a tapered roller bearing.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, tapered roller bearings can simultaneously withstand bidirectional axial and radial loads, effectively resisting centrifugal force, cutting reaction force and overturning moment generated during high-speed rotation, providing stable support for the rotating body of the cutter head and enhancing its overall rigidity.

[0011] Optionally, a second bearing is provided between the main body and the rotating body of the blade-opening head. The second bearing is a tapered roller bearing. The outer ring of the second bearing is connected to the main body, and the inner ring of the second bearing is connected to the rotating body of the blade-opening head. The first bearing and the second bearing are installed face to face.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the axial preload assembly of bearing one and bearing two can eliminate the axial clearance of the two bearings in both directions, so that the rotating body of the cutter head can obtain extremely high positioning accuracy and axial rigidity in both the positive and negative axes, and reduce axial movement during high-speed rotation and reversing cutting processes.

[0013] Optionally, the blade-unfolding head rotating body includes a rotating body A and a rotating body B. The blade-unfolding slide plate is disposed on the rotating body B. The inner rings of bearing one and bearing two are connected to the rotating body B. The rotating body A is located on the side of the rotating body B away from the blade-unfolding slide plate. The bearing two is located on the side of bearing one close to the rotating body A, and the rotating body A abuts against the side of bearing two away from bearing one. The rotating body A is used to connect to the spindle. The rotating body A is provided with a positioning element, and the positioning element is threadedly connected to the rotating body B.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the required axial preload can be applied to bearing one and bearing two by tightening the positioning component during assembly, so as to eliminate bearing clearance, optimize bearing working condition, and thus ensure that the rotating body of the cutter head obtains the best axial rigidity, rotational accuracy and running stability.

[0015] Optionally, the inner ring diameter of the bearing is larger than the diameter of the spindle.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the effective support diameter of bearing one is increased, which improves the radial load-bearing capacity and anti-overturning capacity of the rotating body of the tool head under the same installation space, reduces radial deformation and vibration during high-speed rotation, enhances the rotational accuracy and running stability of the tool end, and helps to improve the surface quality of the workpiece and extend the service life of the tool and bearing.

[0017] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a lead screw, a first gear, a second gear, and a driving component. The lead screw is rotatably connected to the rotating body of the blade-unfolding head, and the lead screw is threadedly connected to the blade-unfolding slide plate. The first gear and the second gear are rotatably connected to the rotating body of the blade-unfolding head, and the first gear and the second gear mesh. The second gear is coaxially mounted on the lead screw. The driving component is mounted on the rotating body of the blade-unfolding head, and the driving component drives the first gear to rotate.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving component drives gear one to rotate. Gear one drives gear two and the lead screw to rotate through meshing with gear two. The lead screw drives the tool slide plate to move through threaded engagement with the tool slide plate. The combination of gear meshing transmission and lead screw thread transmission results in high transmission efficiency, strong load-bearing capacity, and reliable motion accuracy. It can achieve precise adjustment of the tool position and meet the requirements of high-precision cutting.

[0019] Optionally, the lead screw is a planetary roller lead screw.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solutions, the planetary roller screw, through its unique multi-roller planetary meshing structure, increases the effective contact area of ​​the threaded pair, enabling it to transmit torque and load-bearing capacity far greater than conventional roller screw drives. This enhances axial thrust and load-bearing capacity while reducing unit contact stress, minimizing wear and fatigue failure risks, extending the service life of the screw pair, and giving the drive mechanism higher axial rigidity and impact resistance. It can suppress elastic deformation and transmission backlash during heavy-duty cutting processes, ensuring high precision and stability of the tool slide feed motion, and improving the operational reliability of the tool head under high-speed, heavy-duty, and long-term continuous machining conditions.

[0021] Optionally, the blade-unfolding slide is provided with a counterweight, and the blade and the counterweight are located at opposite ends of the blade-unfolding slide.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, dynamic balance compensation can be performed on the blade slide and the blade, which can counteract the centrifugal force generated by the blade tip during high-speed rotation, suppress vibration and sway, and improve the rotation accuracy and operational stability of the blade head.

[0023] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. The bearing is positioned close to the tool, which shortens the distance between the support center and the cutting point, reduces the transmission lever arm of the cutting load and centrifugal force, lowers the overturning moment and concentrated stress at the interface between the spindle and the tool head, alleviates wear and deformation at the connection point, and enhances the radial support rigidity and vibration resistance of the tool end, suppressing the transmission of vibration to the spindle. While maintaining a compact structure, it improves the rotational accuracy, stability and machining reliability of the tool head.

[0025] 2. By axially pre-tightening the bearings one and two, the axial clearance of the two bearings in both directions can be eliminated, so that the rotating body of the cutter head can obtain extremely high positioning accuracy and axial rigidity in both the positive and negative axes, and reduce axial movement during high-speed rotation and reversing cutting processes.

[0026] 3. The effective support diameter of bearing one has been increased, which improves the radial load-bearing capacity and anti-overturning capacity of the rotating body of the tool head under the same installation space, reduces radial deformation and vibration during high-speed rotation, enhances the rotational accuracy and running stability of the tool end, and helps to improve the surface quality of the workpiece and extend the service life of the tool and bearing. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Spreading head body; 11. Main body; 12. Spreading head rotating body; 121. Rotating body A; 122. Rotating body B; 2. Spreading slide plate; 3. Drive mechanism; 31. Lead screw; 32. Gear 1; 33. Gear 2; 34. Drive component; 4. Cutting tool; 5. Counterweight; 6. Positioning component; 7. Annular groove; 8. Bearing 1; 9. Bearing 2; 10. Receiving cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-2 This application will be described in further detail.

[0031] This application discloses a high-precision, high-stability unsplitter head. (Refer to...) Figures 1-2 The high-precision and high-stability blade unfolding head includes a blade unfolding head body 1, a blade unfolding slide plate 2, and a drive mechanism 3. The blade unfolding head body 1 includes a main body 11 and a blade unfolding head rotating body 12. The main body 11 is used to install on the housing. The blade unfolding head rotating body 12 includes a rotating body A121 and a rotating body B122. Both rotating bodies A121 and B122 are rotatably connected inside the main body 11, and rotating bodies A121 and B122 rotate coaxially.

[0032] Reference Figures 1-2 The blade-spreading slide plate 2 is located at one end of the rotating body B122 and is slidably connected to the rotating body B122. The sliding direction of the blade-spreading slide plate 2 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating body B122. A blade 4 is installed on the blade-spreading slide plate 2. The blade 4 is located on the side of the blade-spreading slide plate 2 away from the rotating body B122. A counterweight 5 is fixed on the side of the blade-spreading slide plate 2 close to the blade 4. The counterweight 5 and the blade 4 are located at opposite ends of the blade-spreading slide plate 2.

[0033] Reference Figures 1-2 Rotating body A121 is located on the side of rotating body B122 away from the blade slide plate 2. Rotating body A121 is used to connect the main shaft. Several positioning parts 6 are installed on rotating body A121. The positioning parts 6 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the outer periphery of rotating body A121. The positioning parts 6 pass through rotating body A121 and are threadedly connected to rotating body B122. In this embodiment, the positioning is a screw.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-2The main body 11 and the rotating body B122 are spliced ​​to form an annular groove 7. The annular groove 7 is set around the outer periphery of the rotating body B122. Bearing 8 and bearing 9 are installed between the main body 11 and the rotating body B122. Both bearing 8 and bearing 9 are tapered roller bearings. Both bearing 8 and bearing 9 are located in the annular groove 7, and bearing 9 is located on the side of bearing 8 closer to the rotating body A121. The outer rings of bearing 8 and bearing 9 are fixedly connected to the main body 11, and the inner rings of bearing 8 and bearing 9 are fixedly connected to the rotating body B122. The inner ring diameters of bearing 8 and bearing 9 are larger than the diameter of the main shaft. The rotating body A121 abuts against the side of bearing 9 away from bearing 8.

[0035] In other embodiments, bearing 8 and bearing 9 can also be replaced by equivalent slewing bearings such as angular contact ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings that can simultaneously withstand radial and axial loads.

[0036] Reference Figures 1-2 Rotating bodies A121 and B122 are joined to form a receiving cavity 10. A drive mechanism 3 is built into the rotating body 12 of the blade-unfolding head. The drive mechanism 3 drives the blade-unfolding slide plate 2 to move. The drive mechanism 3 includes a lead screw 31, a first gear 32, a second gear 33, and a drive component 34. The lead screw 31 is located on the side of the receiving cavity 10 near the blade-unfolding slide plate 2 and is rotatably connected to the rotating body B122. The rotation axis of the lead screw 31 is parallel to the sliding direction of the blade-unfolding slide plate 2. The lead screw 31 and the blade-unfolding slide plate 2 are threadedly connected. In this embodiment, the lead screw 31 is a planetary roller lead screw 31. The planetary roller lead screw 31 is... Its unique multi-roller planetary meshing structure increases the effective contact area of ​​the threaded pair, enabling it to transmit torque and load-bearing capacity far greater than conventional roller screw 31 transmission. This enhances axial thrust and load-bearing capacity while reducing unit contact stress, minimizing wear and fatigue failure risks, and extending the service life of the screw 31 pair. It also gives the drive mechanism 3 higher axial rigidity and impact resistance, suppressing elastic deformation and transmission clearance during heavy-duty cutting processes. This ensures high precision and stability of the feed motion of the tool slide 2, improving the operational reliability of the tool head under high-speed, heavy-duty, and long-term continuous machining conditions.

[0037] Reference Figures 1-2Gear 1 32 and Gear 2 33 are both rotatably connected within the rotating body B122. Gear 2 33 is coaxially fixed to the lead screw 31. Gear 1 32 is located within the receiving cavity 10 and meshes with Gear 2 33. The driving component 34 is located within the receiving cavity 10. The output shaft of the driving component 34 is coaxially fixed with Gear 2 33. The driving component 34 drives Gear 1 32 to rotate. In actual use, a planetary reducer is installed between the driving component 34 and Gear 1 32. The input shaft of the planetary reducer is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving component 34, and the output shaft of the planetary reducer is fixedly connected to Gear 1 32 to achieve precise reduction of input speed and torque amplification, meeting the requirements of high load and high precision feed control.

[0038] Reference Figures 1-2 The drive component 34 drives the gear 32 to rotate. The gear 32 drives the gear 33 and the lead screw 31 to rotate through the meshing with the gear 33. The lead screw 31 drives the slide plate 2 to move through the threaded engagement with the slide plate 2. The gear meshing transmission and the lead screw 31 threaded transmission are combined, which has high transmission efficiency, strong load-bearing capacity and reliable motion accuracy. It can realize the precise adjustment of the position of the tool 4 and meet the requirements of high-precision cutting.

[0039] The implementation principle of a high-precision, high-stability planer head in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0040] The bearing 8 is positioned closer to the cutting tool 4 at the front end of the cutter head, shortening the distance between the support center and the cutting point of the cutting tool 4. This reduces the lever arm length for the cutting load and centrifugal force transmitted to the support bearing, lowering the overturning moment and concentrated stress at the connection interface between the spindle and the cutter head. This effectively mitigates the risk of wear and deformation at the connection point. At the same time, the close-range support enhances the radial support rigidity and vibration resistance of the cutting tool 4 end, enabling the cutter head to have higher rotational accuracy and operational stability under high-speed and heavy-load conditions. It also suppresses the transmission of vibration to the spindle and housing. While maintaining a compact overall structure, it improves machining accuracy, workpiece surface quality, and system operational reliability.

[0041] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-precision and high-stability blade-unsplitting head, comprising a blade-unsplitting head body (1), a blade-unsplitting slide plate (2), and a drive mechanism (3), wherein the blade-unsplitting slide plate (2) is slidably connected to the blade-unsplitting head body (1), and a blade (4) is provided on the blade-unsplitting slide plate (2); the drive mechanism (3) is built into the blade-unsplitting head body (1), and the drive mechanism (3) drives the blade-unsplitting slide plate (2) to move, characterized in that: The blade-spreading head body (1) includes a main body (11) and a blade-spreading head rotating body (12) rotatably connected to the main body (11). The main body (11) is used to be installed on the housing, and the blade-spreading head rotating body (12) is used to be connected to the main shaft. The blade-spreading slide plate (2) and the drive mechanism (3) are provided on the blade-spreading head rotating body (12). A bearing (8) is provided between the main body (11) and the blade-spreading head rotating body (12). The outer ring of the bearing (8) is connected to the main body (11), and the inner ring of the bearing (8) is connected to the blade-spreading head rotating body (12).

2. The high-precision, high-stability unsplitter head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing 1 (8) is a tapered roller bearing.

3. The high-precision, high-stability unsplitter head according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second bearing (9) is also provided between the main body (11) and the rotating body (12) of the blade head. The second bearing (9) is a tapered roller bearing. The outer ring of the second bearing (9) is connected to the main body (11), and the inner ring of the second bearing (9) is connected to the rotating body (12) of the blade head. The first bearing (8) and the second bearing (9) are installed face to face.

4. The high-precision, high-stability unsplitter head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blade-unfolding rotating body (12) includes a rotating body A (121) and a rotating body B (122). The blade-unfolding slide plate (2) is disposed on the rotating body B (122). The inner rings of the first bearing (8) and the second bearing (9) are connected to the rotating body B (122). The rotating body A (121) is located on the side of the rotating body B (122) away from the blade-unfolding slide plate (2). The second bearing (9) is located on the side of the first bearing (8) close to the rotating body A (121), and the rotating body A (121) abuts against the side of the second bearing (9) away from the first bearing (8). The rotating body A (121) is used to connect the main shaft. The rotating body A (121) is provided with a positioning element (6), and the positioning element (6) is threadedly connected to the rotating body B (122).

5. The high-precision, high-stability unsplitter head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring diameter of the bearing (8) is larger than the diameter of the spindle.

6. The high-precision, high-stability unsplitter head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (3) includes a lead screw (31), a first gear (32), a second gear (33), and a drive member (34). The lead screw (31) is rotatably connected to the blade-spreading head rotating body (12), and the lead screw (31) is threadedly connected to the blade-spreading slide plate (2). The first gear (32) and the second gear (33) are rotatably connected to the blade-spreading head rotating body (12). The first gear (32) and the second gear (33) mesh with each other. The second gear (33) is coaxially mounted on the lead screw (31). The drive member (34) is mounted on the blade-spreading head rotating body (12), and the drive member (34) drives the first gear (32) to rotate.

7. The high-precision, high-stability unsplitter head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lead screw (31) is a planetary roller lead screw.

8. The high-precision, high-stability unsplitter head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade-spreading slide (2) is provided with a counterweight (5), and the blade (4) and the counterweight (5) are located at opposite ends of the blade-spreading slide (2).

Images