Marine oceanographic buoy

Abstract

This invention discloses a marine survey buoy for navigation, belonging to the field of marine environmental monitoring technology. It solves the problems of existing marine buoys being prone to capsizing in harsh sea conditions and the difficulty in balancing detection accuracy and equipment protection. The buoy includes a disc-shaped platform, a stabilizing counterweight, and detection components. The disc-shaped platform houses multiple circumferentially distributed wave-measuring mechanisms and balancing mechanisms, each with a corresponding protective mechanism. The wave-measuring mechanisms are triggered by the buoy's tilt, using air pressure to extend a balancing plate from the balancing mechanism to reduce the buoy's sway, simultaneously driving the protective mechanism to deploy a water-blocking cloth to protect the detection components. This invention balances the accuracy of detection in conventional sea conditions with the ability to withstand capsizing in harsh sea conditions, meeting the requirements of accurate and continuous marine environmental data for navigation operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of marine environmental detection, specifically to a marine detection buoy for navigation. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of navigation operations and maritime navigation support, marine sounding buoys are core equipment for ensuring the safety of ship navigation and obtaining real-time marine hydrological and meteorological data. They are widely deployed along near-shore waterways, offshore routes, and key operational sea areas to continuously and automatically observe and transmit data on marine environmental elements such as wave height, ocean current direction and speed, seawater temperature and salinity, wind speed and direction, and air pressure, providing core data support for marine weather forecasting, route planning, and maritime emergency response.

[0003] Most existing marine survey buoys use a disc-shaped float structure. The stability of the float is directly related to the diameter of the disc: when the disc diameter is too large, the surface part of the buoy is significantly affected by wind resistance, and the underwater part is more affected by ocean current interference, which will lead to deviations in the data collected by the detection sensors and directly affect the accuracy of marine environmental forecasts; when the disc diameter is too small, the buoy's anti-capsulation ability is greatly reduced. In rough seas with strong winds and waves, the buoy will shake violently, which will not only cause the detection data to be distorted, but also make it more likely to capsize, causing the marine survey link to be interrupted and seriously threatening the safety of maritime navigation.

[0004] Meanwhile, in rough seas, sand, gravel, and floating debris carried by waves can directly impact the detection components at the top of the buoy, easily damaging or causing failure of core components such as sensors and data transmission antennas. Conversely, installing fixed protective nets on the buoy significantly increases wind resistance, exacerbating wind interference with the buoy's attitude, which also leads to decreased accuracy of the detection data, failing to meet the requirements of accurate and continuous data for maritime operations. Furthermore, maritime operations require regular maintenance, calibration, and data verification of the buoys by ship. When a ship approaches the buoy, its hull is highly susceptible to collision with the detection components at the top of the buoy, causing equipment damage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention addresses the problem that existing technical solutions are too simplistic and provides a solution that is significantly different from existing technologies. Specifically, the present invention mainly provides a marine exploration buoy for navigation to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A marine survey buoy for navigation includes a disc-shaped platform, a stable counterweight fixed to the middle of the bottom of the disc-shaped platform, and a detection component set at the top of the disc-shaped platform. The disc-shaped platform is equipped with several sets of wave measuring mechanisms and balancing mechanisms, and each set of wave measuring mechanisms is equipped with a corresponding protective mechanism. The wave measuring mechanism includes a squeezing groove and a squeezing piston slidably assembled inside the squeezing groove. The upper end of the squeezing groove is connected to a large air chamber and a small air chamber with different volumes. The squeezing piston can slide up and down along the axial direction of the squeezing groove under the squeezing action of seawater, and deliver compressed gas to the protection mechanism and the balancing mechanism through the large air chamber and the small air chamber respectively. The balancing mechanism includes an expansion slot and a movable block slidably assembled inside the expansion slot. A telescopic spring and a balance plate are respectively installed on both sides of the movable block. A lifting slot is provided at the lower end of the expansion slot. A lifting piston is slidably assembled inside the lifting slot. A pull line that is deflected by a guide wheel connects the lifting piston and the movable block. A limiting cavity is connected to one side of the expansion slot. A limiting block is slidably assembled at the upper end of the limiting cavity. An air intake pipe and an exhaust pipe are respectively connected to the lower end of the limiting cavity. The cross-sectional area of ​​the air intake pipe is larger than that of the exhaust pipe so that the air intake rate of the air intake pipe is greater than the exhaust rate of the exhaust pipe. The protective mechanism includes a base and fixed columns fixed to the base. A rotatably mounted follower shaft and a fixedly mounted fixed shaft are respectively provided on both sides of the fixed column. Water-blocking cloth is wound around the follower shaft. Telescopic reels are provided at the upper and lower ends of the fixed shaft, and reinforcing ropes are stored inside the telescopic reels. The water-blocking cloth inside one of the fixed columns is correspondingly connected to two reinforcing ropes inside the adjacent fixed columns. An adjustment cavity is provided between the follower shaft and the fixed shaft. An adjustment piston that can be raised and lowered by the rotation of the follower shaft is slidably mounted inside the adjustment cavity. Compressed gas supplied to the protective mechanism by the wave measuring mechanism through the large-pressure air chamber can enter the adjustment cavity. The follower shaft is connected to a limiting component, which can change the maximum length that the balance plate can extend out of the expansion slot as the follower shaft rotates.

[0007] Furthermore, the detection component includes a sensor unit adapted for marine environment detection, a data transmission unit, a system control unit, and a power supply unit.

[0008] Furthermore, several sets of wave measuring mechanisms and balancing mechanisms are evenly distributed in a circle around the axis of the circular floating platform. The distance between the wave measuring mechanism and the axis of the circular floating platform is less than the distance between the balancing mechanism and the axis of the circular floating platform. The protective mechanism is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the circular floating platform.

[0009] Furthermore, the opening of the extrusion groove faces the horizontal plane, and both the large and small pressure chambers are slidably fitted with pressure pistons adapted to their own chambers. Both pressure pistons are connected to the extrusion piston via connecting rods. A pressure spring is connected between the upper end of the extrusion piston and the inner wall of the extrusion groove. One-way exhaust valves are installed at the output ends of both the large and small pressure chambers. Both the large and small pressure chambers are connected to gas filling pipes, and one-way inlet valves are installed on the gas filling pipes.

[0010] Furthermore, the opening of the expansion slot is parallel to the horizontal plane, the opening of the lifting slot is also parallel to the horizontal plane, and when the telescopic spring is in a natural extension / retraction state, the balance plate is completely retracted into the expansion slot, and a pressure counterweight is provided at the upper end of the lifting piston.

[0011] Furthermore, the other end of the intake pipe is connected to the one-way exhaust valve of the small pressure chamber, and the exhaust pipe is equipped with a one-way valve.

[0012] Furthermore, a settling counterweight is installed on the upper end of the adjusting piston, and a winding reel coaxial with it is installed on the upper end of the follower shaft. A pull rope that is deflected by a guide wheel is connected between the winding reel and the adjusting piston.

[0013] Furthermore, the regulating chamber has air outlets with the same diameter at both its upper and lower ends. The lower end of the regulating chamber has an air storage chamber. The output and input ends of the air storage chamber are respectively connected to a one-way air valve and an air injection pipe. The other end of the air injection pipe is connected to the one-way exhaust valve of the high-pressure air chamber. Pressure pistons are slidably mounted on both sides inside the air storage chamber. Adjusting springs are installed on the opposite sides of the two pressure pistons. The diameter of the air injection pipe is the same as the valve port diameter of the one-way air valve. The cross-sectional area of ​​the valve port of the one-way air valve is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the air outlet, so that the air intake rate of the one-way air valve is greater than the exhaust rate of the air outlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting component includes a limiting block slidably mounted inside the upper end of the expansion slot. The limiting block is located on the travel path of the moving block. A rope that is deflected by a guide wheel is connected between the follower shaft and the limiting block. A limiting spring is connected between the limiting block and the inner wall of the expansion slot. The stiffness coefficient of the limiting spring is greater than that of the extension spring, so that the limiting block always maintains the limiting state of the moving block when the follower shaft is not rotating.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) This invention addresses the dual requirements of buoy anti-overturning capability and detection data accuracy in maritime operations. Through a circumferentially distributed balancing mechanism, the buoy achieves adaptive amplitude stabilization under wave impact in any direction: when the disc-shaped buoy tilts due to wind and waves, the balancing plate at the water inlet end automatically extends, significantly increasing the water resistance at the lower end of the buoy, reducing the buoy's sway amplitude and maximum tilt angle, preventing the buoy from overturning, and ensuring the continuous stability of the maritime detection link; when the buoy resets, the balancing plate automatically retracts, eliminating reset resistance, allowing the buoy to quickly return to a horizontal attitude, significantly reducing the impact of swaying on the accuracy of detection data, and meeting the requirements of maritime operations for accurate and continuous use of marine environmental data.

[0016] (2) In view of the equipment protection needs of marine buoys in severe sea conditions, the present invention has set up an adaptive switchable protection mechanism: under normal sea conditions, the water-blocking cloth is rolled up, and only the low wind resistance reinforcing rope forms basic protection, which minimizes the interference of wind force on the buoy attitude and ensures the accuracy of detection data; under high wind and wave sea conditions, the water-blocking cloth automatically unfolds and forms a circumferential protective barrier around the detection component, effectively blocking the impact of debris carried by the surge on the detection component, while weakening the impact force of the surge, avoiding damage and failure of the core detection component, and greatly reducing the maintenance and replacement cost of buoys in marine operations; at the same time, the setting of the fixed column can prevent the ship hull from directly colliding with the detection component when the ship approaches for maintenance, which is suitable for the use scenario of regular maintenance of marine buoys.

[0017] (3) Under normal sea conditions, the limiting block restricts the extension of the balance plate to avoid the balance plate increasing wind resistance and affecting the detection data; under high wind and wave sea conditions, as the water-blocking cloth is deployed, the limiting block releases the restriction on the balance plate, so that the balance plate can be extended normally to achieve stable amplitude and anti-overturning, taking into account the detection accuracy of the buoy under normal sea conditions and the survivability under severe sea conditions, and fully adapting to the use requirements of navigating buoys in all sea conditions.

[0018] The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the wave measuring mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the balancing mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the protective mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed column structure of the present invention.

[0020] 10. Floating platform; 20. Stabilizing counterweight; 30. Detection components; 40. Wave measuring mechanism; 4001. Extrusion groove; 4002. Extrusion piston; 4003. Large air chamber; 4004. Small air chamber; 4005. Compressed air piston; 4006. One-way exhaust valve; 4007. Air supply pipe; 4008. One-way air intake valve; 4009. Extrusion spring; 50. Balancing mechanism; 5001. Expansion slot; 5002. Moving block; 5003. Telescopic spring; 5004. Balance plate; 5005. Lifting slot; 5006. Lifting piston; 5007. Pull cable; 5008. Limiting cavity; 5009. Limiting block; 5010. Intake pipe; 5011. Exhaust pipe; 5012. Pressure counterweight; 60. Protective mechanism; 6001. Fixed column; 6002. Follower shaft; 6003. Fixed shaft; 6004. Water-blocking cloth; 6005. Reinforcing rope; 6006. Adjusting chamber; 6007. Adjusting piston; 6008. Settling counterweight; 6009. Winding reel; 6010. Pull rope; 6011. Air outlet; 6012. Air storage chamber; 6013. One-way air valve; 6014. Air injection pipe; 6015. Pressurizing piston; 6016. Adjusting spring; 6017. Limiting block; 6018. Rope; 6019. Limiting spring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and complete.

[0022] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly associated with those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Example

[0024] This embodiment discloses a marine exploration buoy for navigation, including a disc-shaped platform 10, a stable counterweight 20 fixed to the middle of the bottom end of the disc-shaped platform 10, and a detection component 30 disposed at the center of the top end of the disc-shaped platform 10. The detection component 30 includes a sensor unit adapted to marine environment detection, a data transmission unit, a system control unit, and a power supply unit. This is a mature existing technology for marine exploration buoys for navigation, and will not be described in detail here.

[0025] The circular floating platform 10 is internally equipped with several sets of wave measuring mechanisms 40 and balancing mechanisms 50. These mechanisms are evenly distributed in a circle around the centerline of the floating platform 10, with the distance between the wave measuring mechanism 40 and the centerline of the floating platform 10 being less than the distance between the balancing mechanism 50 and the centerline of the floating platform 10. This circumferentially distributed structural design ensures that when the floating platform 10 tilts in any horizontal direction, at least one set of wave measuring mechanisms 40 and balancing mechanisms 50 will enter the seawater with the tilted end and be activated, perfectly adapting to harsh sea conditions where wave direction and angle change randomly.

[0026] The wave measuring mechanism 40 includes a compression groove 4001 and a compression piston 4002 slidably mounted inside the compression groove 4001. The opening of the compression groove 4001 faces the horizontal plane. The upper end of the compression groove 4001 is connected to a large compression chamber 4003 and a small compression chamber 4004 with different volumes. Both the large and small compression chambers 4003 and 4004 have compression pistons 4005 that are adapted to their respective chambers slidably mounted inside them. Both compression pistons 4005 are connected to the compression piston 4002 via connecting rods. A compression spring 4009 is connected between the upper end of the compression piston 4002 and the inner wall of the compression groove 4001. One-way exhaust valves 4006 are installed at the output ends of both the large and small compression chambers 4003 and 4004. Both the large and small compression chambers 4003 and 4004 are connected to air supply pipes 4007. One-way air supply valves 4008 are installed on the air supply pipes 4007. The extrusion piston 4002 can slide up and down along the axial direction of the extrusion groove 4001 under the extrusion action of seawater, and deliver compressed gas to the protection mechanism 60 and the balancing mechanism 50 through the large pressure chamber 4003 and the small pressure chamber 4004 respectively.

[0027] In this embodiment, the triggering logic of the compression piston 4002 perfectly matches the actual working conditions of a marine buoy: when waves strike, the disc-shaped buoy 10 sways and tilts; the larger the waves, the greater the tilt angle of the disc-shaped buoy 10. Regardless of which direction the disc-shaped buoy 10 tilts, one end will inevitably enter the seawater. Figure 1 The horizontal state gradually becomes Figure 2The maximum tilt state is reached; as one end of the disc-shaped floating platform 10 is submerged in seawater, seawater continuously enters the corresponding compression groove 4001. The lower end face of the compression piston 4002 is in complete contact with the seawater. At this time, the compression piston 4002 is subjected to three upward forces. Under the combined action of seawater buoyancy, static pressure, and surge water pressure, it overcomes the preload of the compression spring 4009 and slides upward along the axial direction of the compression groove 4001, driving the two air compression pistons 4005 to move upward synchronously. This discharges the gas inside the large air compression chamber 4003 and the small air compression chamber 4004 through the one-way exhaust valve 4006 until the lower end of the disc-shaped floating platform 10 reaches the maximum tilt angle and begins to reset. If the amount of water entering the compression groove 4001 is insufficient to push the compression piston 4002 to complete the air compression action, it proves that the tilt angle of the disc-shaped floating platform 10 is small and there is no risk of tipping over. At this time, the mechanism does not move to avoid unnecessary increase in wind resistance and ensure the accuracy of the detection data.

[0028] The balancing mechanism 50 includes an expansion slot 5001 and a movable block 5002 slidably mounted inside the expansion slot 5001. The opening of the expansion slot 5001 is parallel to the horizontal plane. A telescopic spring 5003 and a balance plate 5004 are respectively installed on both sides of the movable block 5002. When the telescopic spring 5003 is in its natural extension / retraction state, the balance plate 5004 is completely retracted inside the expansion slot 5001. A lifting slot 5005 is provided at the lower end of the expansion slot 5001. The opening of the lifting slot 5005 faces the horizontal plane. A lifting piston 5006 is slidably mounted inside the lifting slot 5005. A pressure counterweight 5012 is provided at the upper end of the lifting piston 5006. A pull wire 5007, which is deflected by a guide wheel, connects the piston 5006 and the moving block 5002. A limiting cavity 5008 is connected to one side of the expansion slot 5001. A limiting block 5009 is slidably mounted on the upper end of the limiting cavity 5008. An intake pipe 5010 and an exhaust pipe 5011 are connected to the lower end of the limiting cavity 5008 respectively. The other end of the intake pipe 5010 is connected to the one-way exhaust valve 4006 of the small pressure chamber 4004. A one-way valve is provided on the exhaust pipe 5011. The cross-sectional area of ​​the intake pipe 5010 is larger than that of the exhaust pipe 5011 so that the intake rate of the intake pipe 5010 is greater than the exhaust rate of the exhaust pipe 5011.

[0029] When one end of the disc-shaped floating platform 10 is not submerged in seawater, the lifting piston 5006 moves downward under the weight of the pressure counterweight 5012, reaching the bottom of the lifting groove 5005. At this time, the pull wire 5007 exerts a pulling force on the moving block 5002, causing most of the balance plate 5004 to extend out of the expansion groove 5001, and the telescopic spring 5003 to be stretched. When that end of the disc-shaped floating platform 10 enters the seawater, seawater enters the lifting groove 5005, and the lower end face of the lifting piston 5006 contacts the seawater. Under the combined action of seawater buoyancy, static pressure, and dynamic water pressure, it overcomes the pressure counterweight 5012. The weight of the moving block 5002 slides upward along the axial direction of the lifting groove 5005, and the pull line 5007 slackens, no longer exerting tension on the moving block 5002. At the same time, the compressed gas in the small pressure chamber 4004 is continuously transported to the confinement chamber 5008 through the air inlet pipe 5010. Since the air intake rate of the air inlet pipe 5010 is greater than the air exhaust rate of the exhaust pipe 5011, the total amount of gas in the confinement chamber 5008 continues to accumulate, and the air pressure continues to rise, pushing the confinement block 5009 to slide upward and jam into the travel path of the moving block 5002, preventing the moving block 5002 from being pulled back to its original position by the telescopic spring 5003. Therefore, during the entire process of the downward movement of this end of the disc float 10, the balance plate 5004 always remains extended, greatly increasing the water resistance at the downward end of the disc float 10, thereby reducing the sway amplitude and maximum tilt angle of the disc float 10, preventing the buoy from capsizing, and ensuring the continuous stability of the navigation and detection link.

[0030] After the disc-shaped floating platform 10 reaches its maximum tilt angle, it begins to reset and move upward. At this time, the end gradually leaves the seawater, and the compression piston 4002 resets under the elastic force of the compression spring 4009. The small pressure chamber 4004 stops supplying air to the limiting chamber 5008, and the gas in the limiting chamber 5008 is continuously discharged through the exhaust pipe 5011. The air pressure drops, the limiting block 5009 falls back, and no longer limits the moving block 5002. The moving block 5002 quickly resets under the pulling force of the telescopic spring 5003, completely pulling the balance plate 5004 back into the expansion slot 5001. Therefore, during the reset and upward movement of the disc-shaped floating platform 10, the balance plate 5004 is immediately retracted, no longer generating water resistance, giving the disc-shaped floating platform 10 good reset capability, allowing it to quickly restore its horizontal attitude, and significantly reducing the impact of swaying on the accuracy of the detection data.

[0031] In rough seas, the buoy will undergo multiple tilt-reset cycles. In each cycle, the wave measuring mechanism 40 and the balancing mechanism 50 at the water inlet end will be triggered, operated and reset according to the above logic. No additional electrical control intervention is required throughout the process. The purely mechanical structure is suitable for the maintenance-free and high-reliability requirements of maritime operations in the open sea. Example

[0032] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment adds a protective mechanism 60 linked to the wave measuring mechanism 40 to meet the equipment protection requirements of marine buoys. Each wave measuring mechanism 40 is equipped with a corresponding protective mechanism 60. The protective mechanism 60 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the disc float 10. When the compression piston 4002 slides up and down with the compression of seawater, compressed gas can be delivered to the protective mechanism 60 through the large compressed air chamber 4003.

[0033] The protective mechanism 60 includes a base and fixed posts 6001 fixed on the base. The fixed posts 6001 of the multiple sets of protective mechanisms 60 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the circular floating platform 10. The detection component 30 is located at the center of the protective area formed by all the fixed posts 6001. A rotatably mounted follower shaft 6002 and a fixedly mounted fixed shaft 6003 are respectively provided on both sides of the fixed post 6001. Water-resistant cloth 6004 is wound around the follower shaft 6002. Telescopic reels are provided at the upper and lower ends of the fixed shaft 6003, and reinforcing ropes 6005 are stored inside the telescopic reels, one of which is fixed. The water-blocking cloth 6004 inside the column 6001 is connected to the two reinforcing ropes 6005 inside the adjacent fixed column 6001. An adjustment cavity 6006 is provided between the follower shaft 6002 and the fixed shaft 6003. An adjustment piston 6007 is slidably assembled inside the adjustment cavity 6006. A settling counterweight 6008 is installed on the upper end of the adjustment piston 6007. A winding disc 6009 coaxial with the follower shaft 6002 is installed on the upper end of the follower shaft 6002. A pull rope 6010 that is deflected by the guide wheel is connected between the winding disc 6009 and the adjustment piston 6007. The compressed gas delivered by the wave measuring mechanism 40 through the large pressure chamber 4003 can be introduced into the adjustment cavity 6006.

[0034] Under normal sea conditions without strong winds and waves, the adjusting piston 6007 is positioned at the bottom of the adjusting cavity 6006 under the weight of the settling counterweight 6008. At this time, the pull rope 6010 is in a taut state, which drives the follower shaft 6002 to rotate through the winding reel 6009, so that the water-blocking cloth 6004 is completely rolled up on the follower shaft 6002. Adjacent fixed columns 6001 are connected only by low wind resistance reinforcing ropes 6005. This can not only avoid the ship's hull directly colliding with the detection component 30 when the ship approaches for maintenance, but also minimize the impact of wind resistance, avoid wind interference with the buoy's attitude, and ensure the accuracy of marine environmental monitoring data.

[0035] When strong winds and waves strike, the compressed gas inside the high-pressure air chamber 4003 is injected into the regulating chamber 6006 through the air injection pipe 6014. The air pressure inside the regulating chamber 6006 increases, pushing the regulating piston 6007 to slide upward against the gravity of the settling counterweight 6008. The pull rope 6010 gradually loosens, and the follower shaft 6002 rotates in the opposite direction under the tension of the telescopic reel at the end of the reinforcing rope 6005, causing the water-blocking cloth 6004 to be released from the follower shaft 6002 and fully open between two adjacent fixed columns 6001; multiple sets of water-blocking... After the 6004 buoy is deployed simultaneously, it forms a circumferential protective barrier around the detection component 30. On the one hand, it can directly block solid particles such as sand and floating debris carried by the surge from impacting the detection component 30, avoiding scratches and damage to the core component. On the other hand, it can significantly reduce the impact force of the surge on the detection component 30, reducing the corrosion and impact damage of seawater to precision components such as sensors and antennas. Without significantly increasing wind resistance, it greatly improves the protection capability and service life of the marine buoy detection component in harsh sea conditions.

[0036] The regulating chamber 6006 has air outlets 6011 with the same diameter at both the upper and lower ends. The lower end of the regulating chamber 6006 has an air storage chamber 6012. The output and input ends of the air storage chamber 6012 are connected to a one-way air valve 6013 and an air injection pipe 6014, respectively. The other end of the air injection pipe 6014 is connected to the one-way exhaust valve 4006 of the high-pressure air chamber 4003. Pressure pistons 6015 are slidably mounted on both sides inside the air storage chamber 6012. Adjusting springs 6016 are installed on the opposite sides of the two pressure pistons 6015. The diameter of the air injection pipe 6014 is the same as the valve port diameter of the one-way air valve 6013. The cross-sectional area of ​​the valve port of the one-way air valve 6013 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the air outlet 6011, so that the air intake rate of the one-way air valve 6013 is greater than the exhaust rate of the air outlet 6011.

[0037] In this embodiment, by differentiating the valve orifice diameter, the technical effect of ensuring that the intake rate of the one-way air valve 6013 is greater than the exhaust rate of the outlet 6011 can be stably achieved. Based on this rate difference, as the disc floating platform 10 changes from a horizontal state to its maximum tilt angle, the high-pressure air chamber 4003 continuously inputs compressed gas into the regulating chamber 6006 through the air injection pipe 6014 and the one-way air valve 6013. At the same time, the gas in the regulating chamber 6006 is continuously discharged outward through the outlet 6011. Since the intake rate is greater than the exhaust rate, the total amount of gas in the regulating chamber 6006 continues to accumulate, and the air pressure continues to rise, thereby stably pushing the regulating piston 6007 upward to achieve reliable deployment of the water-blocking cloth 6004. Meanwhile, excess compressed gas enters the air storage chamber 6012, pushing the pressurizing pistons 6015 on both sides to move in opposite directions, compressing the regulating spring 6016, and completing the storage of elastic potential energy.

[0038] During the process of the disc-shaped floating platform 10 resetting from its maximum tilt angle to a horizontal state, the compression piston 4002 resets, and the high-pressure air chamber 4003 stops supplying air to the regulating chamber 6006. At this time, the regulating chamber 6006 only exhausts air through the air outlet 6011, and the air pressure shows a slow downward trend. Simultaneously, the compressed regulating spring 6016 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the pressurizing piston 6015 to move in opposite directions, continuously replenishing the compressed gas stored in the air storage chamber 6012 to the regulating chamber 6006 through the one-way air valve 6013, compensating for the exhaust loss at the air outlet 6011, and making the regulating chamber 6006... The internal air pressure is maintained above the threshold that is sufficient to support the adjusting piston 6007 in the upward position during a single tilt-reset cycle of the buoy, thus ensuring that the water-blocking cloth 6004 remains in the unfolded state throughout the entire process of large winds and waves, achieving continuous protection. Only when the wind and waves subside, the buoy no longer tilts significantly, and there is no new supply of compressed gas, will the gas in the adjusting chamber 6006 be continuously discharged through the air outlet 6011, and the air pressure will drop below the threshold. The adjusting piston 6007 will then reset under the gravity of the settling counterweight 6008, and the water-blocking cloth 6004 will be rolled up, restoring the low wind resistance state.

[0039] The follower shaft 6002 is connected to a limiting component. The limiting component can change the maximum length that the balance plate 5004 can extend out of the expansion slot 5001 as the follower shaft 6002 rotates. The limiting component includes a limiting block 6017 that is slidably mounted inside the upper end of the expansion slot 5001. The limiting block 6017 is located on the travel path of the moving block 5002. A rope 6018 that is deflected by a guide wheel is connected between the follower shaft 6002 and the limiting block 6017. A limiting spring 6019 is connected between the limiting block 6017 and the inner wall of the expansion slot 5001. The elastic coefficient of the limiting spring 6019 is greater than that of the extension spring 5003.

[0040] In normal sea conditions without strong winds and waves, the follower shaft 6002 does not rotate and retracts the rope 6018. The limiting spring 6019 is in its initial state, and the limiting block 6017 is engaged in the travel path of the moving block 5002, limiting the moving block 5002 and preventing the balance plate 5004 from extending, thus avoiding the balance plate 5004 increasing wind resistance and affecting the accuracy of the detection data. However, in sea conditions with strong winds and waves, the follower shaft 6002 rotates to release the water-blocking cloth 6004 while simultaneously retracting the rope 6018, pulling the limiting block 6017 to compress the limiting spring 6019, and disengaging it from the travel path of the moving block 5002. This releases the limitation on the moving block 5002, allowing the balance plate 5004 to extend normally, achieving amplitude stability and anti-capsulation, thus balancing the buoy's detection accuracy in normal sea conditions with its survivability in harsh sea conditions.

[0041] The present invention has been described by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvement made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without modification, shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine survey buoy for navigation, comprising a disc-shaped platform (10), a stabilizing counterweight (20) fixed to the middle of the bottom end of the disc-shaped platform (10), and a surveying component (30) disposed at the top of the disc-shaped platform (10), characterized in that: The disc-shaped floating platform (10) is equipped with several sets of wave measuring mechanisms (40) and balancing mechanisms (50), and each set of wave measuring mechanisms (40) is equipped with a corresponding protective mechanism (60). The wave measuring mechanism (40) includes a squeezing groove (4001) and a squeezing piston (4002) slidably assembled inside the squeezing groove (4001). The upper end of the squeezing groove (4001) is connected to a large air chamber (4003) and a small air chamber (4004) with different volumes. The squeezing piston (4002) can slide up and down along the axial direction of the squeezing groove (4001) under the squeezing action of seawater, and deliver compressed gas to the protection mechanism (60) and the balance mechanism (50) through the large air chamber (4003) and the small air chamber (4004) respectively. The balancing mechanism (50) includes an expansion slot (5001) and a movable block (5002) slidably mounted inside the expansion slot (5001). A telescopic spring (5003) and a balancing plate (5004) are respectively installed on both sides of the movable block (5002). A lifting slot (5005) is provided at the lower end of the expansion slot (5001). A lifting piston (5006) is slidably mounted inside the lifting slot (5005). A wire connects the lifting piston (5006) and the movable block (5002). The wheel steering cable (5007) has a limiting cavity (5008) connected to one side of the expansion slot (5001). A limiting block (5009) is slidably mounted on the upper end of the limiting cavity (5008). An intake pipe (5010) and an exhaust pipe (5011) are connected to the lower end of the limiting cavity (5008). The cross-sectional area of ​​the intake pipe (5010) is larger than that of the exhaust pipe (5011) so that the intake rate of the intake pipe (5010) is greater than that of the exhaust rate of the exhaust pipe (5011). The protective mechanism (60) includes a base and a fixed post (6001) fixed on the base. A rotatable follower shaft (6002) and a fixed shaft (6003) are respectively provided on both sides of the fixed post (6001). A water-resistant cloth (6004) is wound around the follower shaft (6002). Telescopic reels are provided at the upper and lower ends of the fixed shaft (6003). A reinforcing rope (6005) is housed inside the telescopic reel. One of the reinforcing ropes inside the fixed post (6001) is a water-resistant cloth. The water cloth (6004) is connected to two reinforcing ropes (6005) inside the adjacent fixed column (6001). An adjustment cavity (6006) is provided between the follower shaft (6002) and the fixed shaft (6003). An adjustment piston (6007) that can be raised and lowered with the rotation of the follower shaft (6002) is slidably installed inside the adjustment cavity (6006). The compressed gas delivered by the wave measuring mechanism (40) to the protective mechanism (60) through the large compressed air cavity (4003) can be introduced into the adjustment cavity (6006). The follower shaft (6002) is connected to a limiting component, which can change the maximum length that the balance plate (5004) can extend out of the expansion slot (5001) as the follower shaft (6002) rotates.

2. The marine survey buoy for navigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component (30) includes a sensor unit adapted for marine environment detection, a data transmission unit, a system control unit, and a power supply unit.

3. A marine survey buoy for navigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several sets of wave measuring mechanisms (40) and balancing mechanisms (50) are evenly distributed in a circle around the axis of the circular floating platform (10). The distance between the wave measuring mechanism (40) and the axis of the circular floating platform (10) is less than the distance between the balancing mechanism (50) and the axis of the circular floating platform (10). The protective mechanism (60) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the circular floating platform (10).

4. A marine survey buoy for navigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the extrusion groove (4001) faces the horizontal plane. The large pressure chamber (4003) and the small pressure chamber (4004) are each slidably fitted with a pressure piston (4005) that is adapted to its own chamber. The two pressure pistons (4005) are connected to the extrusion piston (4002) through a connecting rod. A compression spring (4009) is connected between the upper end of the extrusion piston (4002) and the inner wall of the extrusion groove (4001). The output ends of the large pressure chamber (4003) and the small pressure chamber (4004) are each equipped with a one-way exhaust valve (4006). The large pressure chamber (4003) and the small pressure chamber (4004) are each connected to a gas filling pipe (4007). A one-way air intake valve (4008) is installed on the gas filling pipe (4007).

5. A marine survey buoy for navigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the expansion slot (5001) is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the opening of the lifting slot (5005) is also parallel to the horizontal plane. When the telescopic spring (5003) is in a natural extension state, the balance plate (5004) is completely housed inside the expansion slot (5001). A pressure counterweight (5012) is provided at the upper end of the lifting piston (5006).

6. A marine survey buoy for navigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the intake pipe (5010) is connected to the one-way exhaust valve (4006) of the small pressure chamber (4004), and the exhaust pipe (5011) is provided with a one-way valve.

7. A marine survey buoy for navigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the adjusting piston (6007) is equipped with a settling counterweight (6008), and the upper end of the follower shaft (6002) is equipped with a winding disc (6009) coaxial with it. A pull rope (6010) that is deflected by a guide wheel is connected between the winding disc (6009) and the adjusting piston (6007).

8. A marine survey buoy for navigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating chamber (6006) has air outlets (6011) with the same diameter at its upper and lower ends. The lower end of the regulating chamber (6006) has an air storage chamber (6012). The output and input ends of the air storage chamber (6012) are connected to a one-way air valve (6013) and an air injection pipe (6014), respectively. The other end of the air injection pipe (6014) is connected to the one-way exhaust valve (4006) of the high-pressure air chamber (4003). The air storage chamber (6012)... The two pressure pistons (6015) are slidably mounted on both sides inside the device. An adjusting spring (6016) is installed on the opposite side of each of the two pressure pistons (6015). The diameter of the air injection pipe (6014) is the same as the valve port diameter of the one-way air valve (6013). The cross-sectional area of ​​the valve port of the one-way air valve (6013) is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the air outlet (6011) so that the air intake rate of the one-way air valve (6013) is greater than the exhaust rate of the air outlet (6011).

9. A marine survey buoy for navigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component includes a limiting block (6017) slidably mounted inside the upper end of the expansion groove (5001). The limiting block (6017) is located on the travel path of the moving block (5002). A rope (6018) that is deflected by a guide wheel is connected between the follower shaft (6002) and the limiting block (6017). A limiting spring (6019) is connected between the limiting block (6017) and the inner wall of the expansion groove (5001). The stiffness coefficient of the limiting spring (6019) is greater than that of the extension spring (5003) so that the limiting block (6017) always maintains the limiting state of the moving block (5002) when the follower shaft (6002) is not rotating.

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