Agricultural plant protection long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle management platform and use method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, specifically to a management platform and usage method for a long-endurance UAV used in agricultural plant protection. It solves the problems of existing plant protection UAVs requiring manual battery replacement during operation, which limits the UAV's endurance and plant protection efficiency, and makes automatic battery recharging inconvenient. The invention includes a UAV body and a power management platform. The UAV body and the power management platform are connected via Bluetooth. The UAV body includes a frame, with multiple UAV motors fixedly mounted on the frames' arms. An auxiliary power supply is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the frame, and a main power supply is snapped into place at the bottom of the auxiliary power supply. A control box is fixedly mounted inside the frame, and the control box contains a motor power supply control circuit. This invention, by using a combined auxiliary and main power supply, enables the UAV to operate continuously without power interruption, while facilitating automatic replacement and recharging of the main power supply, reducing the difficulty of battery replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, specifically to a management platform and usage method for a long-endurance UAV used for agricultural plant protection. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural drones, also known as unmanned aerial vehicles for agricultural and forestry plant protection, are intelligent agricultural equipment consisting of a flight platform, a navigation and flight control system, and a spraying mechanism. They are mainly used for precise spraying and sowing of pesticides, fertilizers, and seeds through ground remote control or autonomous navigation. Their core function is to significantly improve the efficiency and safety of agricultural plant protection. Compared with manual labor, the efficiency can be increased by more than 60%, and a single device can complete tens of acres of work per hour. Through high-precision positioning and rotor airflow to enhance penetration, they can effectively save pesticides and water consumption.

[0003] Existing agricultural drones require manual battery replacement during operation, which limits their range and plant protection efficiency, and makes automatic battery recharging inconvenient. Therefore, they do not meet current needs. To address this, we propose a management platform and usage method for long-endurance agricultural drones. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a management platform and usage method for a long-endurance agricultural plant protection drone, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the need to stop the drone and manually replace the battery during application, which limits the drone's endurance and plant protection efficiency, and makes it inconvenient to automatically recharge the battery.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a management platform for a long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for agricultural plant protection, comprising a UAV body and a power supply management platform. The UAV body and the power supply management platform are connected via Bluetooth. The UAV body includes a frame, on which multiple UAV motors are fixedly mounted. An auxiliary power supply is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the frame, and a main power supply is snapped onto the bottom of the auxiliary power supply. A control box is fixedly mounted inside the frame, and the control box contains a motor power supply control circuit. The power replenishment management platform consists of a power replenishment mechanism, a conversion and conveying mechanism, and a receiving and concentrating mechanism. These three mechanisms are installed sequentially from bottom to top. The conversion and conveying mechanism includes a support frame. Guide slides are fixedly installed on both sides of the support frame. A third drive motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide slide. A drive slider is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide slide. A second drive screw is installed on the inner side of the drive slider. Mounting plates are fixedly installed at the adjacent ends of the two drive sliders. A conversion seat is rotatably connected between the two mounting plates. A fourth drive motor is fixedly installed in the middle of one of the mounting plates. A level is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the conversion seat. Four electric push rods are fixedly installed on the inner side of the conversion seat. Clamping plates are fixedly installed at the output ends of the electric push rods. Two pressure sensors are fixedly installed at the end of each clamping plate furthest from the electric push rod.

[0006] Preferably, the replacement power supply mechanism includes a power supply mounting box, a retainer fixedly mounted inside the power supply mounting box, a first drive motor fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the retainer, a first drive screw connected to the output end of the first drive motor via a coupling, an actuating head mounted on the outer side of the first drive screw, a drive ring rotatably connected between the power supply mounting box and the retainer, a guide wheel rollingly connected to one side of the drive ring, a second drive motor mounted on the upper end of the guide wheel, and multiple power supply bases fixedly mounted inside the drive ring, each power supply base having a magnetic block fixedly mounted at the end near the drive ring.

[0007] Preferably, the receiving and concentrating mechanism includes a connecting plate, a receiving seat is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the connecting plate, two electrical junction boxes are fixedly installed in the middle of the receiving seat, multiple guide grooves are provided on the upper end surface of the receiving seat, a concentrating push block is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide groove, a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the concentrating push block, a transmission gear ring is rotatably connected between the multiple connecting rods, and a fifth transmission motor is installed on one side of the transmission gear ring.

[0008] Preferably, the motor power supply control circuit consists of multiple drone motors, an auxiliary power supply, a main power supply, a diode, a first switch, and a second switch. The auxiliary power supply is connected in series with the first switch, and the main power supply is connected in parallel with the second switch. A diode is provided between the auxiliary power supply and the first switch, and between the main power supply and the second switch. The diode is connected in parallel with the second switch. Multiple controllers are provided between the multiple drone motors and the first and second switches. The opening and closing states of the first and second switches are opposite. The main power supply charges the auxiliary power supply through the diode.

[0009] Preferably, the first transmission screw is rotatably connected to the cage, the bottom end of the actuating head passes through the middle of the first transmission screw and is threadedly connected to the first transmission screw, the cage is slidably connected to the actuating head, and the output end of the second transmission motor passes through the power supply mounting box and is connected to the transmission ring through the guide wheel.

[0010] Preferably, the plurality of charging sockets are arranged circumferentially relative to the transmission ring, the inner wall of the charging socket is provided with a charging interface, and a main power supply is installed on the inner side of each charging socket, the main power supply being plugged into the charging interface.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the power supply mounting box. The two guide slides, the third drive motor, the second drive screw, the drive slider, and the mounting plate are all symmetrically installed relative to the conversion seat. The inner side of the guide slide is provided with a groove, and the drive slider is located inside the groove. The output end of the third drive motor passes through the guide slide and is connected to the second drive screw through a coupling. The second drive screw is rotatably connected to the guide slide and is threadedly connected to the drive slider. The output end of the fourth drive motor passes through one of the mounting plates and is fixedly connected to the conversion seat.

[0012] Preferably, two of the clamping plates at the upper end of the conversion seat and the other two clamping plates at the lower end of the conversion seat are symmetrically arranged, and the conversion seat is slidably connected to the four clamping plates.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the bottom end of the centralized push block passes through the guide groove and is inserted into the inner side of the connecting rod, multiple guide grooves and centralized push blocks are arranged in a corresponding manner and are circumferentially arranged relative to the center of the support seat, the output end of the fifth transmission motor is connected to the transmission gear ring through gear transmission, the fifth transmission motor is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and a ring light strip is provided on the side of the upper surface of the support seat; The upper end of the power junction box is equipped with a sensing sensor, and the inside of the power junction box is equipped with a Bluetooth device. The sensing sensor, level, and pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the Bluetooth device.

[0014] A method for using a management platform for long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) used for agricultural plant protection includes the following steps: S1: Install the main power supply onto the drone, so that multiple drone motors are powered by the main power supply to drive the drone in flight. At the same time, the auxiliary power supply is continuously charged by diodes to keep it fully charged. When the main power supply is depleted, the second switch is turned off and the first switch is turned off, so that the power source of the multiple drone motors is switched to the auxiliary power supply, effectively keeping the drone always powered on. Then, operate the drone to land on the receiving seat, connect the power supply, and start the fifth drive motor. Under the support of the connecting plate, the fifth drive motor drives the transmission gear ring to rotate clockwise through gears. Then, the transmission gear ring drives multiple concentrated push blocks through multiple connecting rods to gather together under the guidance of the guide groove and fix the drone in the center, effectively centering and positioning the drone, which makes it easier to replace batteries later. S2: Specifically, the first drive motor is started, which, under the support of the cage, drives one of the charging bases, where the main power supply is fully charged, to slide through the first drive screw and the toggle head. Then, when the main power supply moves to the center of the cage, the third drive motor is started, which, under the support of the guide slide plate, drives the two mounting plates and the conversion seat to move down inside the support frame through the second drive screw and the drive slider. Two electric push rods are started, which, under the support of the conversion seat, drive the two clamping plates to slide towards each other and clamp the fully charged main power supply. S3: The pressure sensor can monitor the pressure when the clamping plate contacts the main power supply, thereby determining the clamping position of the clamping plate on the main power supply. Then, the conversion seat is moved upward, and the two clamping plates located at the upper end of the conversion seat can clamp the main power supply with insufficient power. Then, during the downward movement of the main power supply with insufficient power, the fourth drive motor is started. Under the support of the mounting plate, the fourth drive motor drives the main power supply with insufficient power and the main power supply with full power to flip synchronously through the conversion seat and the clamping plate. The main power supply with full power is located above the main power supply with insufficient power. S4: At this time, the converter seat is moved upward again, so that the converter seat can drive the fully charged main power supply to the bottom of the auxiliary power supply through the clamping plate, realizing the replacement of the main power supply. Then, the second switch is turned off and the first switch is turned off, and the multiple drone motors are powered by the main power supply again. At the same time, the auxiliary power supply is replenished by the main power supply through the unidirectional conductivity of the diode, so that the drone can run continuously without power. S5: After the battery swap is completed, the converter seat moves the main power supply with insufficient power to the center of the retainer through the clamping plate. The toggle head slides in the opposite direction repeatedly, which pushes the main power supply with insufficient power to the inside of the charging seat and fixes it with magnetic attraction blocks. This realizes automatic battery swapping and automatic battery replenishment for the drone without stopping the machine. The second drive motor is started, which, under the support of the charging installation box, drives the charging seat to rotate through the guide wheel and the drive ring. This facilitates the switching of the main power supply position in multiple charging seats and realizes the real-time standby of the fully charged main power supply.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention powers multiple drone motors through a main power supply to drive the drone in flight, while simultaneously using diodes to continuously replenish the auxiliary power supply, keeping it fully charged. When the main power supply is depleted, the power source for the multiple drone motors switches to the auxiliary power supply, effectively keeping the drone always powered on. The fifth transmission motor drives the transmission gear ring to rotate clockwise through gears, and the transmission gear ring, through multiple connecting rods, synchronously drives multiple concentrated push blocks to converge under the guidance of the guide groove and fix the drone in the center, effectively centering and positioning the drone, which reduces the difficulty of subsequent battery replacement. 2. In this invention, a third drive motor synchronously drives two mounting plates and a conversion seat to move downwards inside the support frame via a second drive screw and a drive slider. Two electric push rods drive two clamping plates to slide towards each other and clamp the fully charged main power supply. A pressure sensor can monitor the pressure when the clamping plate contacts the main power supply, thereby determining whether the main power supply is being clamped. A fourth drive motor synchronously drives the depleted and fully charged main power supplies to flip through the conversion seat and clamping plates. The conversion seat can drive the fully charged main power supply to be plugged into the bottom of the auxiliary power supply through the clamping plates, realizing the replacement operation of the main power supply. 3. This invention re-energizes multiple drone motors after the main power supply is replaced, enabling continuous operation of the drone without power interruption. By sliding the toggle head in the reverse direction, the depleted main power supply can be pushed to the inside of the charging base and magnetically secured by the magnetic block. This enables automatic battery swapping and automatic battery recharging for the drone without stopping the operation. The second drive motor can rotate the charging base through the guide wheel and drive ring, facilitating the switching of the main power supply positions within the multiple charging bases and enabling real-time standby of the fully charged main power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the motor power supply control circuit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power replenishment management platform of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the power replenishment management platform of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded structural diagram of the receiving and concentrating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partially exploded structural diagram of the conversion and conveying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the conversion and conveying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure of region A in the middle; Figure 9 A bottom view of the replacement power supply mechanism in this invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the power replenishment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is an exploded structural diagram of the replacement power supply mechanism of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Drone body; 101. Frame; 102. Drone motor; 103. Auxiliary power supply; 104. Main power supply; 105. Control box; 106. Diode; 107. First switch; 108. Second switch; 2. Replacement and charging mechanism; 201. Charging mounting box; 202. Holder; 203. First drive motor; 204. First drive screw; 205. Actuating head; 206. Guide wheel; 207. Drive ring; 208. Charging socket; 209. Magnetic block; 210. Second drive motor; 3. Conversion and conveying mechanism; 01. Support frame; 302. Guide slide plate; 303. Third drive motor; 304. Second drive screw; 305. Drive slider; 306. Mounting plate; 307. Converter seat; 308. Level; 309. Fourth drive motor; 310. Clamping plate; 311. Pressure sensor; 312. Electric push rod; 4. Centralized receiving mechanism; 401. Connecting plate; 402. Receiving seat; 403. Guide groove; 404. Fifth drive motor; 405. Drive gear ring; 406. Connecting rod; 407. Centralized push block; 408. Electrical junction box. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0019] The first drive motor 203 (model MDSKSRS080), the second drive motor 210 (model YEJ3-112M-4), the third drive motor 303 (model GV50-3.7KW-60-S), the fourth drive motor 309 (model YS7134), the electric actuator 312 (model HTKC-35), and the fifth drive motor 404 (model KOM7080) mentioned in this invention can all be obtained from the market or through private customization.

[0020] Please see Figures 3 to 5 The present invention provides an embodiment of a management platform for a long-endurance agricultural plant protection drone, comprising a drone body 1 and a power replenishment management platform. The power replenishment management platform consists of a power replacement mechanism 2, a conversion and conveying mechanism 3, and a receiving and concentrating mechanism 4. The power replacement mechanism 2, the conversion and conveying mechanism 3, and the receiving and concentrating mechanism 4 are installed sequentially from bottom to top. The receiving and concentrating mechanism 4 includes a connecting plate 401, and a receiving seat 402 is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the connecting plate 401. A ring light strip is provided on the side of the upper end face of the receiving seat 402. The ring light strip facilitates the lighting indication of the drone in dim lighting conditions, and makes it easier to reduce the difficulty of the drone landing on the receiving seat 402. Two junction boxes 408 are fixedly installed in the middle of the receiving base 402. Multiple guide grooves 403 are provided on the upper surface of the receiving base 402. A concentrated push block 407 is slidably connected to the inner side of each guide groove 403. The multiple guide grooves 403 and the concentrated push block 407 are arranged in a corresponding manner and in a circular pattern relative to the center of the receiving base 402. A connecting rod 406 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the concentrated push block 407. The bottom end of the concentrated push block 407 passes through the guide groove 403 and is inserted into the inner side of the connecting rod 406. A transmission gear ring 4 is rotatably connected between the multiple connecting rods 406. 05. A fifth transmission motor 404 is installed on one side of the transmission gear ring 405. The fifth transmission motor 404 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 401. The output end of the fifth transmission motor 404 is connected to the transmission gear ring 405 through gear transmission. The fifth transmission motor 404 drives the transmission gear ring 405 to rotate clockwise through the gear. Then, the transmission gear ring 405 drives multiple concentrated push blocks 407 to converge under the guidance of the guide groove 403 and perform centering and fixing of the UAV, effectively performing centering and positioning operations on the UAV.

[0021] Please see Figures 3 to 8 The conversion conveying mechanism 3 includes a support frame 301. The upper end of the support frame 301 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 401. Guide slide plates 302 are fixedly installed on both sides of the support frame 301. A third drive motor 303 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide slide plate 302. A drive slider 305 is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide slide plate 302. A second drive screw 304 is installed on the inner side of the drive slider 305. A groove is provided on the inner side of the guide slide plate 302. The drive slider 305 is located on the inner side of the groove. The output end of the third drive motor 303 passes through the guide slide plate 302 and is connected to the second drive screw 304 through a coupling. The second drive screw 304 is rotatably connected to the guide slide plate 302. The second drive screw 304 is threadedly connected to the drive slider 305, so that the third drive motor 303 drives the two mounting plates 306 and the conversion seat 307 to move up and down on the inner side of the support frame 301 synchronously through the second drive screw 304 and the drive slider 305. Two drive sliders 305 are each fixedly mounted with a mounting plate 306 at their adjacent ends. A conversion seat 307 is rotatably connected between the two mounting plates 306. The two guide slides 302, the third drive motor 303, the second drive screw 304, the drive sliders 305, and the mounting plates 306 are all symmetrically mounted relative to the conversion seat 307. A fourth drive motor 309 is fixedly mounted in the middle of one of the mounting plates 306. Four electric push rods 312 are fixedly mounted on the inner side of the conversion seat 307. A clamping plate 3 is fixedly mounted on the output end of each electric push rod 312. 10. The output end of the fourth drive motor 309 passes through one of the mounting plates 306 and is fixedly connected to the conversion seat 307. Two of the clamping plates 310 at the upper end of the conversion seat 307 and the other two clamping plates 310 at the lower end of the conversion seat 307 are symmetrically arranged. The conversion seat 307 is slidably connected to the four clamping plates 310. The electric push rod 312 drives the clamping plates 310 to slide towards each other and clamp the main power supply 104. The fourth drive motor 309 drives the conversion seat 307 to flip the main power supply 104 when it is depleted or fully charged. A level 308 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the conversion seat 307. The level 308 can monitor the level of 307 after it is flipped, so as to ensure the accurate clamping and replacement of the main power supply 104. Two pressure sensors 311 are fixedly installed on the end of each clamping plate 310 away from the electric push rod 312. The pressure sensors 311 can monitor the pressure when the clamping plate 310 is in contact with the main power supply 104, so as to determine the clamping of the main power supply 104 by the clamping plate 310.

[0022] Please see Figures 9 to 11 The replacement power supply mechanism 2 includes a power supply installation box 201. The bottom end of the support frame 301 is fixedly connected to the power supply installation box 201. A retainer 202 is fixedly installed inside the power supply installation box 201. A first drive motor 203 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the retainer 202. The output end of the first drive motor 203 is connected to a first drive screw 204 through a coupling. A toggle head 205 is installed on the outside of the first drive screw 204. A drive ring 207 is rotatably connected between the power supply installation box 201 and the retainer 202. A guide wheel 206 is rolled on one side of the drive ring 207. A second drive motor 210 is installed at the upper end of the guide wheel 206. Multiple power supply bases 208 are fixedly installed inside the drive ring 207. The first drive motor 203 drives the main power supply 104 to slide and adjust through the first drive screw 204 and the toggle head 205, thereby facilitating the installation and removal of the main power supply 104 relative to the power supply base 208. Each power supply base 208 has a magnetic block 209 fixedly installed at one end near the transmission ring 207. The first transmission screw 204 is rotatably connected to the retainer 202. The bottom end of the actuating head 205 passes through the middle of the first transmission screw 204 and is threadedly connected to the first transmission screw 204. The retainer 202 is slidably connected to the actuating head 205. The output end of the second transmission motor 210 passes through the power supply mounting box 201 and is connected to the transmission ring 207 via the guide wheel 206. The multiple power supply bases 208 are arranged in a circle relative to the transmission ring 207, so that the second transmission motor 210 can drive the power supply bases 208 to rotate through the guide wheel 206 and the transmission ring 207, thereby facilitating the position switching of the main power supply 104 in the multiple power supply bases 208.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The main body of the drone 1 is connected to the power supply management platform via Bluetooth. The main body of the drone 1 includes a frame 101. Multiple drone motors 102 are fixedly installed on the multiple arms of the frame 101. An auxiliary power supply 103 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame 101. A main power supply 104 is snapped onto the bottom of the auxiliary power supply 103. A control box 105 is fixedly installed inside the frame 101. The control box 105 has a built-in motor power supply control circuit, which can provide uninterrupted power supply control for the drone motors 102. The motor power supply control circuit consists of multiple drone motors 102, an auxiliary power supply 103, a main power supply 104, a diode 106, a first switch 107, and a second switch 108. The auxiliary power supply 103 is connected in series with the first switch 107, and the main power supply 104 is connected in parallel with the second switch 108. A diode 106 is provided between the auxiliary power supply 103 and the first switch 107, and between the main power supply 104 and the second switch 108. The diode 106 is connected in parallel with the second switch 108. Multiple controllers are provided between the multiple drone motors 102 and the first switch 107 and the second switch 108. The opening and closing states of the first switch 107 and the second switch 108 are opposite. The main power supply 104 charges the auxiliary power supply 103 through the diode 106.

[0024] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 11 The inner wall of the charging base 208 is equipped with a charging interface. A main power supply 104 is installed on the inner side of each charging base 208. The main power supply 104 is plugged into the charging interface. The upper end of the power box 408 is equipped with a sensor. The inner side of the power box 408 is equipped with Bluetooth. The sensor, level 308 and pressure sensor 311 are all electrically connected to Bluetooth. The sensor can perform sensing and monitoring when the drone lands.

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 11A method for using a management platform for long-endurance agricultural plant protection drones includes the following steps: S1. Install the main power supply 104 onto the drone, so that multiple drone motors 102 are powered by the main power supply 104 to drive the drone in flight. At the same time, diode 106 continuously supplies power to the auxiliary power supply 103, keeping the auxiliary power supply 103 fully charged. When the main power supply 104 is depleted, the second switch 108 is disconnected and the first switch 107 is turned off, switching the power source of the multiple drone motors 102 to the auxiliary power supply 103, effectively keeping the drone always powered on. In operation, the drone is then guided back to the receiving seat 402, the power is turned on, and the fifth transmission motor 404 is started. Under the support of the connecting plate 401, the fifth transmission motor 404 drives the transmission gear ring 405 to rotate clockwise through the gear. In turn, the transmission gear ring 405 drives multiple concentrated push blocks 407 through multiple connecting rods 406 to gather together under the guidance of the guide groove 403 and fix the drone in the center, effectively centering and positioning the drone, which makes it easier to reduce the difficulty of subsequent battery replacement. S2. Specifically, the first drive motor 203 is started, causing it to slide via the first drive screw 204 and the actuating head 205, supported by the cage 202, and driven by the first drive screw 204 and the actuating head 205, in one of the charging sockets 208, where the main power supply 104 is in a fully charged state. Then, when the main power supply 104 moves to the center of the cage 202, the third drive motor 303 is started, causing the third drive motor to... Under the support of the guide slide plate 302, the motor 303 synchronously drives the two mounting plates 306 and the conversion seat 307 to move down inside the support frame 301 through the second transmission screw 304 and the transmission slider 305, activating two electric push rods 312. Under the support of the conversion seat 307, the two electric push rods 312 drive the two clamping plates 310 to slide towards each other and clamp the fully charged main power supply 104. S3. Pressure sensor 311 can monitor the pressure when clamping plate 310 contacts main power supply 104, thereby determining the clamping of main power supply 104 by clamping plate 310. Then, conversion seat 307 is moved upward. The two clamping plates 310 located at the upper end of conversion seat 307 can clamp the main power supply 104 with power failure. Then, during the downward movement of main power supply 104 with power failure, the fourth drive motor 309 is started. Under the support of mounting plate 306, the fourth drive motor 309 drives the main power supply 104 with power failure and the main power supply 104 with full power to flip synchronously through conversion seat 307 and clamping plate 310. The main power supply 104 with full power is located above the main power supply 104 with power failure. S4. At this time, the converter 307 is moved upward again, so that the converter 307 can drive the fully charged main power supply 104 to the bottom of the auxiliary power supply 103 through the clamping plate 310, realizing the replacement operation of the main power supply 104. Then, the second switch 108 is turned off and the first switch 107 is turned off. The multiple drone motors 102 are powered again through the main power supply 104. At the same time, the auxiliary power supply 103 is replenished through the main power supply 104 under the unidirectional conductivity of the diode 106, so that the drone can run continuously without power. S8. After the battery swap is completed, the converter 307 moves the main power supply 104 with the power shortage to the center of the retainer 202 via the clamping plate 310. The toggle head 205 is repeatedly slid in the opposite direction, thereby pushing the main power supply 104 with the power shortage to the inside of the charging base 208 and fixing it with magnetic attraction block 209. This realizes automatic battery swapping and automatic battery replenishment for the UAV without stopping the machine. The second drive motor 210 is started, so that the second drive motor 210, supported by the charging installation box 201, can rotate the charging base 208 through the guide wheel 206 and the transmission ring 207. This facilitates the position switching of the main power supply 104 in multiple charging bases 208, and realizes the real-time standby of the fully charged main power supply 104.

[0026] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A management platform for a long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) used for agricultural plant protection, comprising the UAV body (1) and a power replenishment management platform, characterized in that: The main body of the drone (1) is connected to the power supply management platform via Bluetooth. The main body of the drone (1) includes a frame (101). Multiple drone motors (102) are fixedly installed on the multiple arms of the frame (101). An auxiliary power supply (103) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame (101). A main power supply (104) is snapped onto the bottom of the auxiliary power supply (103). A control box (105) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the frame (101). The control box (105) contains a motor power supply control circuit. The power replenishment management platform consists of a power replacement mechanism (2), a conversion and conveying mechanism (3), and a receiving and concentrating mechanism (4). The power replacement mechanism (2), conversion and conveying mechanism (3), and receiving and concentrating mechanism (4) are installed sequentially from bottom to top. The conversion and conveying mechanism (3) includes a support frame (301). Guide slide plates (302) are fixedly installed on both sides of the support frame (301). A third drive motor (303) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide slide plate (302). A transmission slider (305) is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide slide plate (302). A second transmission screw (304) is installed on the inner side of the transmission slider (305). Mounting plates (306) are fixedly installed at the ends of the transmission sliders (305) that are close to each other. A conversion seat (307) is rotatably connected between the two mounting plates (306). A fourth transmission motor (309) is fixedly installed in the middle of one of the mounting plates (306). A level (308) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the conversion seat (307). Four electric push rods (312) are fixedly installed on the inner side of the conversion seat (307). A clamping plate (310) is fixedly installed at the output end of each electric push rod (312). Two pressure sensors (311) are fixedly installed at the end of each clamping plate (310) away from the electric push rod (312).

2. The management platform for a long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for agricultural plant protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replacement power supply mechanism (2) includes a power supply installation box (201). A retainer (202) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the power supply installation box (201). A first drive motor (203) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the retainer (202). The output end of the first drive motor (203) is connected to a first drive screw (204) via a coupling. A toggle head (205) is installed on the outer side of the first drive screw (204). A drive ring (207) is rotatably connected between the power supply installation box (201) and the retainer (202). A guide wheel (206) is rolled on one side of the drive ring (207). A second drive motor (210) is installed at the upper end of the guide wheel (206). A plurality of power supply bases (208) are fixedly installed on the inner side of the drive ring (207). A magnetic block (209) is fixedly installed at the end of each power supply base (208) near the drive ring (207).

3. The management platform for a long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for agricultural plant protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The receiving and concentrating mechanism (4) includes a connecting plate (401), a receiving seat (402) is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the connecting plate (401), two electrical junction boxes (408) are fixedly installed in the middle of the receiving seat (402), a plurality of guide grooves (403) are provided on the upper end surface of the receiving seat (402), a concentrating push block (407) is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide groove (403), a connecting rod (406) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the concentrating push block (407), a transmission gear ring (405) is rotatably connected between the plurality of connecting rods (406), and a fifth transmission motor (404) is installed on one side of the transmission gear ring (405).

4. The management platform for a long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for agricultural plant protection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The motor power supply control circuit consists of multiple drone motors (102), an auxiliary power supply (103), a main power supply (104), a diode (106), a first switch (107), and a second switch (108). The auxiliary power supply (103) is connected in series with the first switch (107), and the main power supply (104) is connected in parallel with the second switch (108). A diode (106) is provided between the auxiliary power supply (103) and the first switch (107), and between the main power supply (104) and the second switch (108). The diode (106) is connected in parallel with the second switch (108). Multiple controllers are provided between the multiple drone motors (102) and the first switch (107) and the second switch (108). The opening and closing states of the first switch (107) and the second switch (108) are opposite. The main power supply (104) charges the auxiliary power supply (103) through the diode (106).

5. The management platform for a long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for agricultural plant protection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first transmission screw (204) is rotatably connected to the cage (202). The bottom end of the actuating head (205) passes through the middle of the first transmission screw (204) and is threadedly connected to the first transmission screw (204). The cage (202) is slidably connected to the actuating head (205). The output end of the second transmission motor (210) passes through the power supply installation box (201) and is connected to the transmission ring (207) via the guide wheel (206).

6. The management platform for a long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for agricultural plant protection according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple charging sockets (208) are arranged in a circle relative to the transmission ring (207). The inner wall of each charging socket (208) is provided with a charging interface. A main power supply (104) is installed on the inner side of each charging socket (208). The main power supply (104) is plugged into the charging interface.

7. The management platform for a long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for agricultural plant protection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom end of the support frame (301) is fixedly connected to the power supply installation box (201). The two guide slides (302), the third drive motor (303), the second drive screw (304), the drive slider (305), and the mounting plate (306) are all symmetrically installed relative to the conversion seat (307). The inner side of the guide slide (302) is provided with a sliding groove. The drive slider (305) is located inside the sliding groove. The output end of the third drive motor (303) passes through the guide slide (302) and is connected to the second drive screw (304) through a coupling. The second drive screw (304) is rotatably connected to the guide slide (302). The second drive screw (304) is connected to the drive slider (305) through a thread. The output end of the fourth drive motor (309) passes through one of the mounting plates (306) and is fixedly connected to the conversion seat (307).

8. The management platform for a long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for agricultural plant protection according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two of the clamping plates (310) at the upper end of the conversion seat (307) and the other two clamping plates (310) at the lower end of the conversion seat (307) are symmetrically arranged, and the conversion seat (307) is slidably connected to the four clamping plates (310).

9. A management platform for a long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for agricultural plant protection according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper end of the support frame (301) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (401). The bottom end of the centralized push block (407) passes through the guide groove (403) and is inserted into the inner side of the connecting rod (406). Multiple guide grooves (403) and centralized push blocks (407) are arranged in a corresponding manner and are circumferentially arranged relative to the center of the support seat (402). The output end of the fifth drive motor (404) is connected to the drive gear ring (405) through gear transmission. The fifth drive motor (404) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (401). The side of the upper surface of the support seat (402) is provided with a ring light strip. The upper end of the power junction box (408) is provided with a sensing sensor, and the inside of the power junction box (408) is provided with Bluetooth. The sensing sensor, the level (308) and the pressure sensor (311) are all electrically connected to Bluetooth.

10. A method for using a management platform for a long-endurance agricultural plant protection drone, as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Install the main power supply (104) onto the drone, so that multiple drone motors (102) are powered by the main power supply (104) to drive the drone in flight. At the same time, the auxiliary power supply (103) is continuously charged by the diode (106) to keep the auxiliary power supply (103) fully charged. When the main power supply (104) is depleted, the second switch (108) is disconnected and the first switch (107) is turned off, so that the power source of the multiple drone motors (102) is switched to the auxiliary power supply (103), effectively keeping the drone always in a state of full charge. The drone is powered on and then the drone is brought back to the receiving seat (402). The power is turned on and the fifth transmission motor (404) is started. Under the support of the connecting plate (401), the fifth transmission motor (404) drives the transmission gear ring (405) to rotate clockwise through the gear. Then, the transmission gear ring (405) drives multiple concentrated push blocks (407) through multiple connecting rods (406) to gather together under the guidance of the guide groove (403) and fix the drone in the center. This effectively centers the drone and makes it easier to reduce the difficulty of subsequent battery replacement. S2. Specifically, the first drive motor (203) is started, so that the first drive motor (203), supported by the cage (202), drives the main power supply (104) in one of the charging sockets (208) to slide through the first drive screw (204) and the toggle head (205). Then, when the main power supply (104) moves to the center of the cage (202), the third drive motor (303) is started, so that the third drive motor... (303) Under the support of the guide slide plate (302), the second transmission screw (304) and the transmission slider (305) synchronously drive the two mounting plates (306) and the conversion seat (307) to move down inside the support frame (301), and activate two electric push rods (312), so that the two electric push rods (312) drive the two clamping plates (310) to slide towards each other under the support of the conversion seat (307) and clamp the fully charged main power supply (104); S3. The pressure sensor (311) can monitor the pressure when the clamping plate (310) contacts the main power supply (104), thereby determining the clamping of the main power supply (104) by the clamping plate (310). Then, the conversion seat (307) is moved upward, and the two clamping plates (310) located at the upper end of the conversion seat (307) can clamp the main power supply (104) that is out of power. During the downward movement of the main power supply (104), the fourth drive motor (309) is started, so that the fourth drive motor (309), supported by the mounting plate (306), drives the main power supply (104) with no power and the main power supply (104) with full power to flip through the conversion seat (307) and the clamping plate (310), and the main power supply (104) with full power is located above the main power supply (104) with no power. S4. At this time, the converter (307) is moved upward again, so that the converter (307) can drive the fully charged main power supply (104) to the bottom of the auxiliary power supply (103) through the clamping plate (310), thereby realizing the replacement operation of the main power supply (104). Then, the second switch (108) is turned off and the first switch (107) is turned off. The multiple drone motors (102) are powered again through the main power supply (104). At the same time, the auxiliary power supply (103) is replenished through the main power supply (104) under the unidirectional conductivity of the diode (106), so that the drone can run continuously without power. S5. After the battery swap is completed, the converter seat (307) moves the main power supply (104) that is out of power down to the center of the retainer (202) through the clamping plate (310). The toggle head (205) is repeatedly slid in the opposite direction, thereby pushing the main power supply (104) that is out of power to the inside of the charging seat (208) and fixing it magnetically through the magnetic block (209), realizing automatic battery swapping of the UAV without stopping and automatic battery replenishment. The second drive motor (210) is started, so that the second drive motor (210) can rotate the power supply base (208) under the support of the power supply installation box (201) through the guide wheel (206) and the transmission ring (207), thereby facilitating the position switching of the main power supply (104) in multiple power supply bases (208) and realizing the real-time standby of the fully charged main power supply (104).

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