A saline-alkali soil improvement agent, a preparation method and application thereof
By preparing a saline-alkali land conditioner containing raw materials such as straw and livestock manure compost, the problems of high cost and long time consumption in saline-alkali land improvement have been solved, achieving low-cost and high-efficiency soil remediation, and improving the soil structure and biodiversity of saline-alkali land.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HEILONGJIANG ACAD OF AGRI SCI
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for improving saline-alkali land are costly, time-consuming, or pose a risk of heavy metal pollution, making it difficult to achieve low-cost and efficient soil remediation.
Using straw and livestock manure compost, lignite powder, desulfurized gypsum, citric acid gypsum, superphosphate, γ-polyglutamic acid, and compound bacterial agent solution as raw materials, a saline-alkali land conditioner is prepared by extrusion granulation and low-temperature drying, and combined with microbial regulation to improve saline-alkali soil.
It effectively increases soil organic matter content, improves soil structure, reduces soil pH and salinity, reduces environmental pollution risks, and lowers improvement costs.
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Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a saline-alkali soil improvement agent, a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] Land salinization is the result of the joint action of natural factors and human factors. The distribution area of soda saline-alkali soil is usually drought and less rainfall, and the evaporation is far more than the precipitation. The salt rises with the capillary action of underground water and accumulates on the ground surface. The poor drainage of the low-lying and closed topography makes the salt unable to migrate.
[0003] In the traditional planting process, the way of flooding irrigation is often used for irrigation, which not only raises the underground water level, but also makes the salt residue on the ground surface. The salt destroys the soil structure, reduces the soil porosity, and hinders the growth of root system. High-salt environment also causes osmotic stress, leading to difficulty in water absorption of plants, and even causing crop yield reduction or absolute loss. The vegetation in the saline-alkali region is often sparse, which leads to a significant decrease in biodiversity, and aggravates the risk of desertification.
[0004] The commonly used improvement methods include physical improvement method, chemical improvement method and biological improvement method. Among them, the physical improvement method is mainly through leaching or replacement of guest soil, which can improve the soil in a short time, but the cost is relatively high (> 120,000 yuan / ha); the chemical improvement method uses chemical improvement agent for improvement, and the commonly used chemical improvement agent includes phosphogypsum, sulfur, etc. However, the chemical improvement agent has the risk of heavy metal pollution; the biological improvement method is environmentally friendly, and the cost is also within the controllable range, but the improvement period usually needs more than 5 years, which is not only time-consuming and long, but also the survival rate of vegetation in soda saline-alkali soil is less than 35%.
[0005] Therefore, it is particularly urgent to develop a new type of saline-alkali soil improvement agent to realize low-cost and high-efficiency repair of saline-alkali soil. SUMMARY
[0006] The present application aims to provide a saline-alkali soil improvement agent, a preparation method and application thereof, which can effectively reduce the use of gypsum and improve the soil organic matter content and soil structure.
[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the present application provides the following technical solutions: The present application provides a saline-alkali soil improvement agent, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of straw livestock and poultry manure compost, 30-40 parts of lignite powder, 2-4 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 2-4 parts of citric acid gypsum, 3-4 parts of superphosphate, 3-4 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid and 1-2 parts of compound microbial agent solution.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the method for preparing straw and livestock manure compost includes the following steps: (1) Crush the straw and mix it with livestock and poultry manure to obtain a mixture; (2) Mix the mixture with urea, adjust the moisture content to obtain the fermentation material; (3) Mix the fermentation material and fermentation agent, pile them into a fermentation stack, and obtain the straw and livestock manure compost after fermentation.
[0009] Preferably, in step (1), the length of the crushed straw is <5cm, the mass ratio of the straw to the livestock and poultry manure is 1:1~1.5; in step (2), the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture after adding urea is 25~35:1, and the moisture content of the fermented material is 60~70%.
[0010] Preferably, the amount of fermentation agent used in step (3) is 0.4~0.6% of the total mass of the fermentation material, and the concentration of bacteria in the fermentation agent is 2~3×10⁻⁶. 10 The cfu / g of the bacteria includes photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Bacillus subtilis, and the ratio of the number of photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Bacillus subtilis is 1:1~1.5:2~3. The height of the fermentation stack is 1.5~2.0m, the bottom width is 2~3m, and the top width is 1.5~2.0m. The fermentation method is as follows: when the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65℃ and begins to drop, the pile is turned over for the first time; when the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65℃ again and begins to drop, the pile is turned over for the second time, and water is added to adjust the moisture content of the straw pile to 55%~60%; thereafter, the pile is turned over once every month, and a composting cycle can be turned over 5~6 times; when the temperature of the straw composting drops below 30℃ and the temperature difference does not exceed ±2℃ for two consecutive days, the turning is stopped.
[0011] Preferably, the compound microbial agent solution includes Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, and Bacillus megaterium; The concentration of bacteria in the compound microbial agent solution is 1.5~1.8×10⁻⁶. 10 cfu / ml; The ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, and Bacillus megaterium in the compound bacterial agent solution is 3.5~4.5:6~7:2~3.
[0012] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the saline-alkali land conditioner, comprising the following steps: (1) Crush and sieve the straw and livestock manure compost to obtain straw and livestock manure compost raw materials with a fineness of ≤2mm; (2) Mix straw and livestock manure compost raw materials, lignite powder, desulfurized gypsum, citric acid gypsum, superphosphate and γ-polyglutamic acid evenly, and extrude and granulate using a ring extrusion granulator. The particle length is 3mm~10mm and the qualified rate is ≥80%. After granulation, dry the particles and the moisture content reaches ≤15% to obtain saline-alkali land conditioner granules. (3) The compound microbial agent solution is sprayed onto the saline-alkali soil improver particles. After the microbial agent is completely adsorbed, it is dried at a low temperature of ≤80℃. After drying, the moisture content of the particles reaches ≤15%, and the saline-alkali soil improver is obtained.
[0013] The present invention also provides the application of the aforementioned saline-alkali land conditioner in the improvement of soda saline-alkali land.
[0014] The present invention also provides a method for improving soda saline-alkali land using the aforementioned saline-alkali land conditioner, wherein the saline-alkali land conditioner is applied at a rate of 400-500 kg / mu for slightly saline-alkali land, at a rate of 700-800 kg / mu for moderately saline-alkali land, and at a rate of 1500-1600 kg / mu for severely saline-alkali land.
[0015] Preferably, the standard for slightly saline-alkali land is a pH value < 8.5 and a salt content < 3‰, the standard for moderately saline-alkali land is a pH value of 8.5~9.5 and a salt content of 3~6‰, and the standard for severely saline-alkali land is a pH value > 9.5 and a salt content > 6‰.
[0016] This invention provides a saline-alkali land conditioner, its preparation method, and its application. The saline-alkali land conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of straw and livestock manure compost, 30-40 parts of lignite powder, 2-4 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 2-4 parts of citric acid gypsum, 3-4 parts of superphosphate, 3-4 parts of γ-polyglutamic acid, and 1-2 parts of a compound microbial agent solution. This invention's saline-alkali land conditioner contains various raw materials. By introducing manure-based organic fertilizers such as straw and livestock manure compost and mineral-based organic fertilizers such as lignite powder, it can effectively increase the organic carbon content of saline-alkali land and improve the soil aggregate structure. The rational combination of desulfurized gypsum, citric acid gypsum, and superphosphate enhances the calcium-increasing and sodium-removing effects of saline-alkali land. The introduction of γ-polyglutamic acid, with its strong water retention and ion chelating ability, effectively fixes salt. The introduction of the compound microbial agent not only regulates the composition of the microbial community in saline-alkali land but also produces acid to regulate soil pH and activate fixed phosphorus in the soil. Detailed Implementation
[0017] This invention provides a saline-alkali land conditioner, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of straw and livestock manure compost, 30-40 parts of lignite powder, 2-4 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 2-4 parts of citric acid gypsum, 3-4 parts of superphosphate, 3-4 parts of γ-polyglutamic acid, and 1-2 parts of compound microbial agent solution.
[0018] In this invention, the saline-alkali land conditioner preferably comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts straw and livestock manure compost, 35 parts lignite powder, 3 parts desulfurized gypsum, 3 parts citric acid gypsum, 3.5 parts superphosphate, 3.5 parts γ-polyglutamic acid, and 1.5 parts compound microbial agent solution.
[0019] In this invention, the method for preparing straw and livestock manure compost includes the following steps: (1) Crush the straw and mix it with livestock and poultry manure to obtain a mixture; (2) Mix the mixture with urea, adjust the moisture content to obtain the fermentation material; (3) Mix the fermentation material and fermentation agent, pile them into a fermentation stack, and obtain the straw and livestock manure compost after fermentation.
[0020] In this invention, the length of the straw after crushing in step (1) is preferably <5cm, more preferably <3cm, and the mass ratio of straw to livestock and poultry manure is preferably 1:1~1.5, more preferably 1:1.2~1.3; the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture after adding urea in step (2) is preferably 25~35:1, more preferably 30:1, and the moisture content of the fermented material is preferably 60~70%, more preferably 65~70%.
[0021] In this invention, the amount of fermentation agent used in step (3) is preferably 0.4-0.6% of the total mass of the fermentation material, more preferably 0.5%, and the concentration of bacteria in the fermentation agent is preferably 2-3 × 10⁻⁶. 10 cfu / g, further preferably 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ 10 The cfu / g of the bacteria preferably includes photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Bacillus subtilis. The ratio of the number of photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Bacillus subtilis is preferably 1:1~1.5:2~3, more preferably 1:1.2~1.3:2.5. The height of the fermentation stack is preferably 1.5~2.0 m, more preferably 1.7~1.8 m. The bottom width is preferably 2~3 m, more preferably 2.5 m. The top width is preferably 1.5~2.0 m, more preferably 1.7~1.8 m. The fermentation method is as follows: when the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65℃ and begins to drop, the pile is turned over for the first time; when the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65℃ again and begins to drop, the pile is turned over for the second time, and water is added to adjust the moisture content of the straw pile to 55%~60%; thereafter, the pile is turned over once every month, and a composting cycle can be turned over 5~6 times; when the temperature of the straw composting drops below 30℃ and the temperature difference does not exceed ±2℃ for two consecutive days, the turning is stopped.
[0022] In this invention, the compound microbial agent solution preferably includes Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, and Bacillus megaterium; The concentration of bacteria in the compound bacterial agent solution is preferably 1.5~1.8×10⁻⁶. 10 cfu / ml, more preferably 1.6~1.7×10 10 cfu / ml; The preferred ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, and Bacillus megaterium in the compound bacterial agent solution is 3.5~4.5:6~7:2~3, and more preferably 4:6.5:2.5.
[0023] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the saline-alkali land conditioner, comprising the following steps: (1) Crush and sieve the straw and livestock manure compost to obtain straw and livestock manure compost raw materials with a fineness of ≤2mm; (2) Mix straw and livestock manure compost raw materials, lignite powder, desulfurized gypsum, citric acid gypsum, superphosphate and γ-polyglutamic acid evenly, and extrude and granulate using a ring extrusion granulator. The particle length is 3mm~10mm and the qualified rate is ≥80%. After granulation, dry the particles and the moisture content reaches ≤15% to obtain saline-alkali land conditioner granules. (3) The compound microbial agent solution is sprayed onto the saline-alkali soil improver particles. After the microbial agent is completely adsorbed, it is dried at a low temperature of ≤80℃. After drying, the moisture content of the particles reaches ≤15%, and the saline-alkali soil improver is obtained.
[0024] The present invention also provides the application of the aforementioned saline-alkali land conditioner in the improvement of soda saline-alkali land.
[0025] The present invention also provides a method for improving soda saline-alkali land using the aforementioned saline-alkali land conditioner, wherein the saline-alkali land conditioner is applied at a rate of 400-500 kg / mu for slightly saline-alkali land, at a rate of 700-800 kg / mu for moderately saline-alkali land, and at a rate of 1400-1600 kg / mu for severely saline-alkali land.
[0026] In this invention, the standard for mildly saline-alkali land is a pH value < 8.5 and a salt content < 3‰; the standard for moderately saline-alkali land is a pH value of 8.5 to 9.5 and a salt content of 3 to 6‰; and the standard for severely saline-alkali land is a pH value > 9.5 and a salt content > 6‰.
[0027] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0028] Example 1
[0029] A method for preparing a saline-alkali land conditioner includes the following steps: (1) After crushing the straw to <5cm, mix it with livestock and poultry manure at a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixture; (2) Add urea to the mixture until the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 35:1, and adjust the moisture content to 60% to obtain the fermentation material; (3) Mix the fermentation material with 0.6% of the fermentation agent by weight of the fermentation material, pile it into a fermentation pile with a height of 1.5m, a bottom width of 2m and a top width of 1.5m, and then carry out fermentation; (4) When the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65°C and begins to drop during fermentation, the first turning of the pile is carried out; when the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65°C again and begins to drop, the second turning of the pile is carried out, and water is added to adjust the moisture content of the straw pile to 60%; thereafter, the pile is turned once every month, and a composting cycle can be turned 5 times; when the temperature of the straw composting drops below 30°C and the temperature difference does not exceed ±2°C for two consecutive days, the turning of the pile is stopped, and the straw and livestock manure compost is obtained. (5) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass ratio of 50 parts straw and livestock manure compost, 40 parts lignite powder, 4 parts desulfurized gypsum, 2 parts citric acid gypsum, 3 parts superphosphate, 3 parts γ-polyglutamic acid, and 1 part compound bacterial agent solution, and set aside for later use. (6) Crush and sieve the straw and livestock manure compost to obtain straw and livestock manure compost raw materials with a fineness of ≤2mm; (7) Mix straw and livestock manure compost raw materials, lignite powder, desulfurized gypsum, citric acid gypsum, superphosphate and γ-polyglutamic acid evenly, and extrude and granulate them using a ring extrusion granulator. The particle length is 3mm~10mm and the qualified rate is ≥80%. After granulation, dry the particles and the moisture content reaches ≤15% to obtain saline-alkali land conditioner granules. (8) Spray the compound microbial agent solution onto the saline-alkali soil improver particles. After the microbial agent is completely adsorbed, dry it at a low temperature of ≤80℃. After drying, the moisture content of the particles reaches ≤15%, and the saline-alkali soil improver is obtained.
[0030] Note 1: The concentration of bacteria in the fermentation agent is 3 × 10⁻⁶.10 The cfu / g of the bacteria includes photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis, and the ratio of the number of photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis is 1:1.5:2. Note 2: The compound microbial agent solution includes Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast and Bacillus megaterium; The concentration of bacteria in the compound bacterial agent solution is 1.8 × 10⁻⁶. 10 cfu / ml; The ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, and Bacillus megaterium in the compound bacterial agent solution is 3.5:6:3.
[0031] Example 2
[0032] A method for preparing a saline-alkali land conditioner includes the following steps: (1) After crushing the straw to <5cm, mix it with livestock and poultry manure at a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to obtain a mixture; (2) Add urea to the mixture until the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25:1, and adjust the moisture content to 70% to obtain the fermentation material; (3) Mix the fermentation material with 0.4% of the total mass of the fermentation material and fermentation agent, pile it into a fermentation pile with a height of 2.0m, a bottom width of 3m and a top width of 2.0m, and then carry out fermentation; (4) When the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65°C and begins to drop during fermentation, the first turning of the pile is carried out; when the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65°C again and begins to drop, the second turning of the pile is carried out, and water is added to adjust the moisture content of the straw pile to 55%; thereafter, the pile is turned once every month, and a composting cycle can be turned 6 times; when the temperature of the straw composting drops below 30°C and the temperature difference does not exceed ±2°C for two consecutive days, the turning of the pile is stopped, and the straw and livestock manure compost is obtained. (5) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass ratio of 60 parts straw and livestock manure compost, 30 parts lignite powder, 2 parts desulfurized gypsum, 4 parts citric acid gypsum, 4 parts superphosphate, 4 parts γ-polyglutamic acid, and 2 parts compound bacterial agent solution, and set aside for later use. (6) Crush and sieve the straw and livestock manure compost to obtain straw and livestock manure compost raw materials with a fineness of ≤2mm; (7) Mix straw and livestock manure compost raw materials, lignite powder, desulfurized gypsum, citric acid gypsum, superphosphate and γ-polyglutamic acid evenly, and extrude and granulate them using a ring extrusion granulator. The particle length is 3mm~10mm and the qualified rate is ≥80%. After granulation, dry the particles and the moisture content reaches ≤15% to obtain saline-alkali land conditioner granules. (8) Spray the compound microbial agent solution onto the saline-alkali soil improver particles. After the microbial agent is completely adsorbed, dry it at a low temperature of ≤80℃. After drying, the moisture content of the particles reaches ≤15%, and the saline-alkali soil improver is obtained.
[0033] Note 1: The concentration of bacteria in the fermentation agent is 2×10⁻⁶. 10 The cfu / g of the bacteria includes photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis, and the ratio of the number of photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis is 1:1:3; Note 2: The compound microbial agent solution includes Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast and Bacillus megaterium; The concentration of bacteria in the compound bacterial agent solution is 1.5 × 10⁻⁶. 10 cfu / ml; The ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, and Bacillus megaterium in the compound bacterial agent solution is 4.5:7:2.
[0034] Example 3
[0035] A method for preparing a saline-alkali land conditioner includes the following steps: (1) After crushing the straw to <5cm, mix it with livestock and poultry manure at a mass ratio of 1:1.2 to obtain a mixture; (2) Add urea to the mixture until the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 30:1, and adjust the moisture content to 65% to obtain the fermentation material; (3) Mix the fermentation material with 0.5% of the total mass of the fermentation material and fermentation agent, pile it into a fermentation pile with a height of 1.8m, a bottom width of 2.5m and a top width of 1.8m, and then carry out fermentation; (4) When the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65°C and begins to drop during fermentation, the first turning of the pile is carried out; when the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65°C again and begins to drop, the second turning of the pile is carried out, and water is added to adjust the moisture content of the straw pile to 58%; thereafter, the pile is turned once every month, and a composting cycle can be turned 6 times; when the temperature of the straw composting drops below 30°C and the temperature difference does not exceed ±2°C for two consecutive days, the turning of the pile is stopped, and the straw and livestock manure compost is obtained. (5) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass ratio of 55 parts straw and livestock manure compost, 35 parts lignite powder, 3 parts desulfurized gypsum, 3 parts citric acid gypsum, 3.5 parts superphosphate, 3.5 parts γ-polyglutamic acid, and 1.5 parts compound bacterial agent solution, and set aside for later use; (6) Crush and sieve the straw and livestock manure compost to obtain straw and livestock manure compost raw materials with a fineness of ≤2mm; (7) Mix straw and livestock manure compost raw materials, lignite powder, desulfurized gypsum, citric acid gypsum, superphosphate and γ-polyglutamic acid evenly, and extrude and granulate them using a ring extrusion granulator. The particle length is 3mm~10mm and the qualified rate is ≥80%. After granulation, dry the particles and the moisture content reaches ≤15% to obtain saline-alkali land conditioner granules. (8) Spray the compound microbial agent solution onto the saline-alkali soil improver particles. After the microbial agent is completely adsorbed, dry it at a low temperature of ≤80℃. After drying, the moisture content of the particles reaches ≤15%, and the saline-alkali soil improver is obtained.
[0036] Note 1: The concentration of bacteria in the fermentation agent is 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 10 The cfu / g of the bacteria includes photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Bacillus subtilis, and the ratio of the number of photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Bacillus subtilis is 1:1.2:2.5. Note 2: The compound microbial agent solution includes Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast and Bacillus megaterium; The concentration of bacteria in the compound bacterial agent solution is 1.6 × 10⁻⁶. 10 cfu / ml; The ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, and Bacillus megaterium in the compound bacterial agent solution is 4.0:6.5:2.5.
[0037] Comparative Example 1
[0038] γ-polyglutamic acid was not added during the preparation of the saline-alkali land conditioner; the remaining raw materials and steps were the same as in Example 2.
[0039] Comparative Example 2
[0040] The compound bacterial agent solution is not sprayed during the preparation of the saline-alkali land conditioner; the remaining raw materials and steps are the same as in Example 2.
[0041] Test case
[0042] The experiment was conducted in Lindian County, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, from 2021 to 2024.
[0043] (1) Mild saline-alkali land test: The test plot area was 15 mu, the average soil pH value was 8.35, the average soil salt content was 2.75‰, and the saline-alkali land conditioner prepared in Example 2, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were applied at a standard of 500 kg / mu, and the soil pH value and total salt content were measured.
[0044] (2) Moderate saline-alkali land test: The test plot area was 12 mu, the average soil pH value was 9.23, the average soil salt content was 4.62‰, and the saline-alkali land conditioner prepared in Example 2, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were applied according to the standard of 800 kg / mu, and the soil pH value and total salt content were measured.
[0045] (3) Severe saline-alkali land test: The test plot area was 10 mu, the average soil pH value was 9.65, the average soil salt content was 6.58‰, and the saline-alkali land conditioner prepared in Example 2, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were applied at a standard of 1600 kg / mu, and the soil pH value and total salt content were measured.
[0046] The soil conditioner was applied on October 20th each year, and soil samples were collected on October 20th of the following year to test the soil pH and salinity. The results are shown in the table below.
[0047] Table 1. Changes in the geochemical properties of slightly saline-alkali soil.
[0048] Table 2. Changes in the geochemical properties of moderately saline-alkali areas.
[0049] Table 3. Changes in the geochemical properties of severely saline-alkali areas.
[0050] Conclusion: The saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention can significantly reduce soil pH and salinity, whether applied to mild, moderate or severe saline-alkali soils. It has a significant effect and can also effectively reduce the use of gypsum in traditional conditioners, thus reducing environmental risks.
[0051] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a saline-alkali land conditioner, its preparation method and application. The saline-alkali land conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of straw and livestock manure compost, 30-40 parts of lignite powder, 2-4 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 2-4 parts of citric acid gypsum, 3-4 parts of superphosphate, 3-4 parts of γ-polyglutamic acid, and 1-2 parts of compound microbial agent solution. The saline-alkali land conditioner of this invention contains a variety of different raw materials. By introducing manure-based organic fertilizers such as straw and livestock manure compost and lignite powder mineral-based organic fertilizers, it can effectively increase the organic carbon content of saline-alkali land and improve the soil aggregate structure. By rationally combining desulfurized gypsum, citric acid gypsum, and superphosphate, it can improve the calcium-increasing and sodium-removing effects of saline-alkali land. The introduction of γ-polyglutamic acid, with its strong water retention and ion chelating ability, can effectively fix salt. The introduction of microbial compound inoculants can not only regulate the composition of the microbial community in saline-alkali land, but also produce acid to regulate the soil pH and activate the fixed phosphorus in the soil.
[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, characterized in that, The saline-alkali land conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of straw and livestock manure compost, 30-40 parts of lignite powder, 2-4 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 2-4 parts of citric acid gypsum, 3-4 parts of superphosphate, 3-4 parts of γ-polyglutamic acid, and 1-2 parts of compound microbial agent solution.
2. The saline-alkali land conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of straw and livestock manure compost includes the following steps: (1) Crush the straw and mix it with livestock and poultry manure to obtain a mixture; (2) Mix the mixture with urea and adjust the moisture content to obtain the fermentation material; (3) Mix the fermentation material and fermentation agent, pile them into a fermentation stack, and obtain the straw and livestock manure compost after fermentation.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the straw after crushing in step (1) is <5cm, and the mass ratio of the straw to the livestock and poultry manure is 1:1~1.5; the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture after adding urea in step (2) is 25~35:1, and the moisture content of the fermented material is 60~70%.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amount of fermentation agent used in step (3) is 0.4~0.6% of the total mass of the fermentation material, and the concentration of bacteria in the fermentation agent is 2~3×10⁻⁶. 10 The cfu / g of the bacteria includes photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Bacillus subtilis, and the ratio of the number of photosynthetic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Bacillus subtilis is 1:1~1.5:2~3. The height of the fermentation stack is 1.5~2.0 m, the bottom width is 2~3 m, and the top width is 1.5~2.0 m. The fermentation method is as follows: when the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65℃ and begins to drop, the pile is turned over for the first time; when the temperature of the straw pile rises above 65℃ again and begins to drop, the pile is turned over for the second time, and water is added to adjust the moisture content of the straw pile to 55%~60%; thereafter, the pile is turned over once every month, and a composting cycle can be turned over 5~6 times; when the temperature of the straw composting drops below 30℃ and the temperature difference does not exceed ±2℃ for two consecutive days, the turning is stopped.
5. The saline-alkali land conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound microbial agent solution includes Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, and Bacillus megaterium; The concentration of bacteria in the compound microbial agent solution is 1.5~1.8×10⁻⁶. 10 cfu / ml; The ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, and Bacillus megaterium in the compound bacterial agent solution is 3.5~4.5:6~7:2~3.
6. A method for preparing the saline-alkali land conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Crush and sieve the straw and livestock manure compost to obtain straw and livestock manure compost raw materials with a fineness of ≤2mm; (2) Mix straw and livestock manure compost raw materials, lignite powder, desulfurized gypsum, citric acid gypsum, superphosphate and γ-polyglutamic acid evenly, and extrude and granulate using a ring extrusion granulator. The particle length is 3mm~10mm and the qualified rate is ≥80%. After granulation, dry the particles and the moisture content reaches ≤15% to obtain saline-alkali land conditioner granules. (3) The compound microbial agent solution is sprayed onto the saline-alkali soil improver particles. After the microbial agent is completely adsorbed, it is dried at a low temperature of ≤80℃. After drying, the moisture content of the particles reaches ≤15%, and the saline-alkali soil improver is obtained.
7. The application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the improvement of soda saline-alkali soil.
8. A method for improving soda saline-alkali land using the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, For slightly saline-alkali land, apply the saline-alkali land conditioner at a rate of 400-500 kg / mu; for moderately saline-alkali land, apply the saline-alkali land conditioner at a rate of 700-800 kg / mu; and for severely saline-alkali land, apply the saline-alkali land conditioner at a rate of 1500-1600 kg / mu.
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The standard for mildly saline-alkali land is a pH value < 8.5 and a salt content < 3‰; the standard for moderately saline-alkali land is a pH value of 8.5 to 9.5 and a salt content of 3 to 6‰; and the standard for severely saline-alkali land is a pH value > 9.5 and a salt content > 6‰.