A self-powered in-situ gas monitoring safety boot system for downhole applications

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of gas monitoring technology and discloses a self-powered in-situ gas monitoring safety boot system for underground applications. The system includes: a composite energy harvesting module, an energy management and storage module, an integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, a data transmission and early warning module, and a system control module. Through dual-mechanism composite energy harvesting and intelligent energy management, a self-powered closed-loop system is achieved, solving the problems of power shortages and emergency power outages underground, ensuring continuous and stable monitoring. Simultaneously, relying on in-situ sampling and micro-sensors in the boot barrel, it accurately captures surrounding hazardous gases, avoiding sampling blockage and delays, and achieving real-time early warning through "monitoring while walking." Furthermore, it adopts an industrial-grade protective structure, with the boot body being impact-resistant and puncture-resistant, and the sealed chamber having IP68 waterproof and dustproof rating, making it suitable for high-humidity and high-dust environments underground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas monitoring technology, and more specifically discloses a downhole self-powered in-situ gas monitoring safety boot system. Background Technology

[0002] As mining depth and complexity continue to increase, the underground working environment is becoming increasingly severe, placing higher demands on personnel safety protection technology. Safety boots, as essential personal protective equipment for underground operations, primarily provide basic foot protection, such as protection against impacts and punctures. However, traditional safety boots lack active safety monitoring capabilities, and underground workers need to be equipped with additional gas detectors. In emergencies, there is a risk of power outages, making effective continuous monitoring impossible and hindering personal safety.

[0003] The prior art patent document with authorization announcement number CN113907481A discloses "a mining boot with self-generating positioning and early warning function", which includes: a shoe body, a TPU material sole, and main functional devices. Its key feature is that the mining boot has a positioning function and can monitor the working trajectory of underground personnel in real time and promptly handle their working status. It can also achieve charging and automatic recharge functions through walking.

[0004] The patent document with authorization announcement number CN103932443A discloses "a comprehensive protective insulating shoe". The technical solution is as follows: a ceramic pressure generating plate (1), a boost voltage stabilizing module (2), a rechargeable lithium battery (3), a harmful gas monitoring device, an alarm (6), and a step voltage monitoring device are set at the bottom of the insulating shoe body (10). The ceramic pressure generating plate (1), the boost voltage stabilizing module (2), the rechargeable lithium battery (3), the harmful gas monitoring device, and the step voltage monitoring device are connected in sequence. The alarm (6) is connected to the harmful gas monitoring device and the step voltage monitoring device respectively.

[0005] While existing technologies possess certain self-generating, monitoring, early warning, and positioning functions, enabling them to detect some hazardous factors, monitor personnel trajectories in real time, and issue alarms under specific circumstances, achieving automatic recharge to reduce reliance on charging and providing a certain level of safety for workers, they largely rely on a single generator mechanism. Power supply stability is insufficient, and batteries are still essential. In harsh environments with scarce underground charging facilities and high humidity and dust, these batteries are prone to depletion and failure, making continuous monitoring impossible. Monitoring modes are mostly handheld or belt-worn, failing to achieve in-situ monitoring from the sole of the boot. External sampling pipelines are easily clogged by dust, and the separation of equipment from personnel makes it difficult to perceive the concentration of hazardous gases in the surrounding area in real time during emergencies. Furthermore, they lack the industrial-grade protection required for underground operations, such as impact resistance, puncture resistance, anti-static properties, and explosion protection. They are easily damaged in environments with strong impacts and corrosion, requiring frequent maintenance. Existing equipment also requires regular battery replacements and sensor calibration. Additionally, the remoteness of underground tunnels and the difficulty of disassembling the equipment result in low maintenance efficiency and high costs, failing to meet the essential safety protection needs of underground operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a downhole self-powered gas in-situ monitoring safety boot system, which can solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, more specifically, a self-powered in-situ gas monitoring safety boot system for wells, comprising: a composite energy harvesting module, an energy management and storage module, an integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, a data transmission and early warning module, and a system control module; the composite energy harvesting module possesses two complementary energy harvesting mechanisms, each responding to different motion states during the walking process to generate electrical energy; the energy management and storage module processes and stores the collected electrical energy and distributes it to other modules; the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module collects gas information around the safety boot and performs preliminary processing on the collected gas information; the data transmission and early warning module receives the gas information processed by the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, transmits the gas information, and provides early warning prompts based on the gas information; the system control module receives data output from the data transmission and early warning module, and adjusts and optimizes the operating status of each module based on this data.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a physical protection module for the boot body, with the sole made of Kevlar fiber reinforced polyurethane, the boot shaft made of flame-retardant canvas + rubber composite structure, an anti-smashing steel head inside, and a sealed chamber made of 316L stainless steel, with an IP68 waterproof and dustproof rating.

[0009] Furthermore, the composite energy harvesting module includes: a boot-bottom pressure-bearing power generation module, a boot-cavity magnetic reed oscillator power generation module, and a power merging and buffering module; Pressure-bearing power generation module for boot sole: Piezoelectric ceramic stack arrays are arranged in the pressure-bearing areas of the forefoot and heel of the safety boot; Boot cavity magnetic reed oscillator power generation module: A linear reciprocating magnetic reed oscillator electromagnetic generator linked to the Achilles tendon is installed inside the heel cavity of the safety boot. Power merging and buffering module: performs initial merging of the electrical energy generated by the boot bottom pressure-bearing power generation module and the boot cavity magnetic reed oscillator power generation module, and suppresses voltage surges through a buffer circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the energy management and storage module includes: a rectification and voltage regulation module, an energy storage management module, and a power distribution module; Rectifier and voltage regulator module: It adopts an intrinsically safe low-power energy harvesting chip to rectify and regulate the harvested electrical energy; Energy storage management module: Stores the regulated electrical energy in an explosion-proof capacitor. It has a built-in "pulse capture-trickle energy replenishment" algorithm, which prioritizes the collection of instantaneous high energy of piezoelectric pulses and then replenishes the energy through the continuous oscillation of the magnetic reed oscillator, so as to achieve the time complementarity of the two generation mechanisms. Power distribution module: Based on the power consumption requirements of each module, the stored electrical energy is distributed as needed to the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, data transmission and early warning module, and system control module.

[0011] Furthermore, the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module includes: a miniature gas sensor module, a signal conditioning and conversion module, and a data processing module; Miniature gas sensor module: A CO sensor and a CH2O sensor are installed in the sealed chamber inside the boot barrel. The sensor sampling port collects gas through the breathable and waterproof membrane of the boot barrel. Signal conditioning and conversion module: amplifies and filters the gas concentration signal collected by the sensor, and converts it into a digital signal; Data processing module: Employs a low-power processor with a built-in downhole gas explosion limit threshold algorithm to process digital signals in real time.

[0012] Furthermore, the data transmission and early warning module includes: a multi-level early warning module and a data transmission module; Multi-level early warning module: Based on the processed gas concentration data, it compares it with the preset safety threshold. When the concentration exceeds the standard, it issues multi-level early warning prompts through sound, light or vibration. Data transmission module: Transmits the processed gas information and early warning status to the well monitoring platform and the system control module, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the system control module receives the warning status output by the data transmission and warning module, adjusts the power generation priority of the composite energy harvesting module, the sampling frequency of the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, and the warning threshold of the data transmission and warning module, and optimizes the system operating parameters.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention, a self-powered in-situ gas monitoring safety boot system for underground drilling, are as follows: Through dual-mechanism composite energy harvesting and intelligent energy management, a self-powered closed-loop system is achieved, solving the problems of power shortages and emergency power outages underground, ensuring continuous and stable monitoring; simultaneously, relying on in-situ sampling and micro-sensors in the boot barrel, it accurately captures surrounding hazardous gases, avoiding sampling blockage and delays, and achieving real-time early warning of "monitoring while walking"; furthermore, it adopts an industrial-grade protective structure, with the boot body being impact-resistant and puncture-resistant, and the sealed chamber being IP68 waterproof and dustproof, suitable for high-humidity and high-dust environments underground; the battery-free design and sensor self-calibration significantly reduce maintenance costs and improve equipment reliability; finally, through low-power Bluetooth transmission and intelligent system control, it achieves real-time data sharing and optimized module operation, effectively avoiding safety risks and providing comprehensive safety protection for underground workers. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system module architecture. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present application can be combined with each other.

[0018] According to one aspect of the invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a self-powered in-situ gas monitoring safety boot system for wells is provided, comprising: a composite energy harvesting module with two complementary energy harvesting mechanisms, each generating electrical energy in response to different motion states during the walking process. The module includes: Pressure-bearing power generation module for boot sole: Piezoelectric ceramic stack arrays are arranged in the pressure-bearing areas of the forefoot and heel of the safety boot; Specifically, a composite structure of "flexible buffer pad - rigid pressure plate" is adopted, in which the piezoelectric ceramic stack array is uniformly embedded in the pressure-bearing area, the flexible buffer pad covers the piezoelectric ceramic stack array, and the rigid pressure plate is attached to the bottom of the stack array and fixedly connected to the boot sole structure. Then, when the worker walks, the impact force generated by the foot stepping on the flexible cushioning pad first acts on the cushioning pad. The cushioning pad distributes the impact force evenly to each layer of piezoelectric ceramics through its own elastic deformation, avoiding local stress concentration that could cause the ceramics to break. The piezoelectric ceramics undergo polarization under pressure, generating high-voltage pulse charges. At the same time, the explosion-proof energy storage capacitor array built into the sole of the boot is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic stack array through wires, capturing the pulse charges in real time and storing them temporarily, thus solving the problems of low energy density and strong intermittency in traditional piezoelectric power generation.

[0019] Boot cavity magnetic reed oscillator power generation module: A linear reciprocating magnetic reed oscillator electromagnetic generator linked to the Achilles tendon is installed inside the heel cavity of the safety boot. Specifically, the magnetic reed vibrator electromagnetic generator includes a permanent magnet, a coil winding, a guide groove and a return spring. The permanent magnet is fixed on the vibrator body, the coil winding is wrapped around the outside of the guide groove and fixed to the inner wall of the boot cavity, and the vibrator body is connected to the Achilles tendon fitting through a connecting rod. The Achilles tendon fitting is made of flexible and breathable material and fits tightly to the worker's Achilles tendon area. Then, as the worker walks, the Achilles tendon swings, causing the fitting to move synchronously. This, in turn, pulls the connecting rod to drive the oscillator body to reciprocate in a straight line along the guide groove. The guide groove constrains the oscillator's trajectory through a limiting structure to prevent deviation. During the oscillator's movement, the permanent magnet cuts the magnetic field lines of the coil winding, thereby generating an induced current. The two ends of the reset spring are fixed to the end of the oscillator body and the bottom of the boot cavity, respectively. When the Achilles tendon swings in the opposite direction, the spring's elastic force drives the oscillator to quickly reset, ensuring the continuity and stability of the movement.

[0020] Power merging and buffering module: performs initial merging of the electrical energy generated by the boot bottom pressure-bearing power generation module and the boot cavity magnetic reed oscillator power generation module, and suppresses voltage surges through a buffer circuit; First, a dual-input combiner interface is set up, which is connected to the explosion-proof energy storage capacitor array of the boot-bottom pressure-bearing power generation module and the coil winding output terminal of the boot cavity magnetic reed oscillator power generation module respectively. The combiner interface adopts a parallel circuit design to realize the synchronous access and initial merging of the two power sources. Then, the buffer circuit adopts an RC buffer topology, which consists of a high-frequency high-voltage capacitor and a power resistor connected in series and connected in parallel to the output of the bus circuit. When the piezoelectric generator produces a momentary high-voltage pulse, the buffer capacitor quickly absorbs the peak voltage and the power resistor consumes excess energy, effectively suppressing the voltage surge and preventing the momentary high voltage from damaging the subsequent circuit components. Finally, the buffered electrical energy is output to the energy management and storage module through shielded wires. The shielded wires are made of special anti-interference material for underground use and are wrapped with a flame-retardant insulation layer to prevent the complex underground environment from causing interference or short-circuit risks to power transmission.

[0021] The energy management and storage module processes, stores, and distributes collected electrical energy to other modules. This module includes: Rectifier and voltage regulator module: It adopts an intrinsically safe low-power energy harvesting chip to rectify and regulate the harvested electrical energy; The rectification process involves receiving irregular electrical energy from the power merging and buffering module of the chip. Through the internally integrated bridge rectifier circuit, the alternating current generated by piezoelectric power generation and magnetic reed oscillator power generation is converted into unidirectional pulsating direct current, eliminating the problem of alternating current direction and ensuring the consistency of power transmission direction, thus providing a stable input foundation for subsequent energy storage. Voltage regulation, on the other hand, uses the built-in feedback regulation mechanism of the chip to detect the voltage value of the output power in real time. When the voltage deviates from the preset operating range due to the output fluctuation of the power generation module, the conduction state of the power regulation element inside the chip is adjusted to accurately stabilize the voltage at the rated value required by each functional module, so as to avoid damage to subsequent circuits and sensors caused by overvoltage and overcurrent. Finally, the rectified and regulated electrical energy is transmitted to the energy storage management module through a sealed conductive interface. The interface is sealed with waterproof and dustproof sealant to adapt to the high humidity and dust environment underground and prevent water vapor or dust from entering and causing short circuits.

[0022] Energy storage management module: Stores the regulated electrical energy in an explosion-proof capacitor. It has a built-in "pulse capture-trickle energy replenishment" algorithm, which prioritizes the collection of instantaneous high energy of piezoelectric pulses and then replenishes the energy through the continuous oscillation of the magnetic reed oscillator, so as to achieve the time complementarity of the two generation mechanisms. First, an explosion-proof capacitor is selected as the energy storage carrier. The capacitor is encapsulated in an explosion-proof manner, and the shell is made of flame-retardant insulating material. The output terminals of the rectifier and voltage regulator modules are connected by high-temperature resistant wires. The wire connectors are fixed by crimping and covered with insulating sleeves to prevent poor contact or arcing. Then, the built-in "pulse capture-trickle replenishment" algorithm is based on the principle of capacitor energy storage and calculates the energy storage status in real time using a formula, as shown below: In the formula, The electrical energy stored in a capacitor. The capacitance is the capacitance of the capacitor. The voltage across the capacitor is U. When the shoe-bottom pressure-bearing power generation module generates an instantaneous high-voltage pulse, the algorithm quickly detects the sudden rise in voltage U and immediately triggers the pulse capture mechanism. It controls the high-speed switching element to turn on and quickly stores the instantaneous high energy into the explosion-proof capacitor according to the energy storage limit calculated by the formula, thus preventing energy loss. When the worker's walking rhythm slows down or stops briefly, the piezoelectric power generation pulses decrease, and the algorithm switches to trickle-feed mode. It dynamically monitors the capacitor voltage change through the formula, and the control circuit continuously receives the electrical energy generated by the shoe cavity magnetic reed oscillator power generation module with low current, gradually replenishing the capacitor energy storage and maintaining voltage stability. Meanwhile, the algorithm has an overcharge protection function. When the energy storage W of the capacitor calculated by the formula reaches the rated maximum value, the charging circuit is automatically cut off to prevent the capacitor from being damaged by overcharging. When the energy storage of the capacitor drops to the preset threshold due to the power supply of the module, the charging process is restarted.

[0023] Power distribution module: Based on the power consumption requirements of each module, the stored electrical energy is distributed as needed to the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, data transmission and early warning module, and system control module.

[0024] An integrated in-situ gas monitoring module collects gas information around the safety boot and performs preliminary processing on the collected gas information. This module includes: Miniature gas sensor module: A CO sensor and a CH2O sensor are installed in the sealed chamber inside the boot barrel. The sensor sampling port collects gas through the breathable and waterproof membrane of the boot barrel. The CO sensor is a catalytic combustion sensor, which is only 1 / 5 the size of a traditional industrial sensor. The sensor probe is fixed to the inner wall of the sealed chamber by a high-temperature resistant insulating bracket. The sampling port is directly opposite the breathable and waterproof membrane on the boot. The membrane is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which only allows gas molecules to pass through and blocks water vapor and dust from entering. The distance between the sensor and the breathable and waterproof membrane is controlled at 2-3mm to ensure that the gas diffuses quickly to the sensing area, while avoiding dust accumulation that may block the sampling channel. The CH2O sensor is an infrared absorption sensor, which is integrated side by side with the CO sensor in a sealed chamber and shares the same sampling channel. The sensor has a built-in infrared light source and detection element. It converts the absorption intensity of CH2O gas to infrared light of a specific wavelength into a concentration signal. The encapsulation shell is fully wrapped with sealant, with only a light-transmitting window corresponding to the sampling channel reserved. The window is covered with an infrared light-transmitting dustproof film to prevent dust from contaminating the detection element. The signal output terminals of the last two sensors are connected to the signal conditioning and conversion module via shielded wires. The wires are secured with clips inside the sealed chamber to prevent them from falling off or making poor contact due to vibrations during movement.

[0025] Signal conditioning and conversion module: amplifies and filters the gas concentration signal collected by the sensor, and converts it into a digital signal; The amplification is achieved by using a low-noise operational amplifier to build a differential amplifier circuit. The weak analog signal output by the sensor is input into the amplifier circuit through a differential input method. The circuit gain is preset by a built-in precision resistor to ensure that the signal is amplified without distortion, while suppressing common-mode signals caused by downhole electromagnetic interference. The filtering method combines an RC low-pass filter circuit with a digital filtering algorithm. The RC circuit consists of precision capacitors and resistors connected in parallel to the output of the amplifier circuit to filter out high-frequency noise interference. The digital filtering algorithm is integrated into the signal processing unit to further smooth the signal after RC filtering, eliminate instantaneous pulse interference, and ensure signal stability. Finally, a low-power 16-bit analog-to-digital converter chip converts the filtered analog signal into a digital signal. The converter chip and the energy management module use a low-power communication protocol, and the chip only wakes up during the sampling period. After the conversion is completed, the chip immediately enters a sleep state to reduce the overall power consumption of the module. The digital signal is transmitted to the data processing module through the SPI interface.

[0026] Data processing module: Employs a low-power processor with a built-in downhole gas explosion limit threshold algorithm to process digital signals in real time; Specifically, an ARM Cortex-M series low-power processor is selected to receive the converted digital signal in real time. The processor has a built-in storage unit that pre-stores a database of explosion limit thresholds and safety warning thresholds for common hazardous gases (CO, CH2O, etc.) in the well. The built-in downhole gas explosion limit threshold algorithm calls the standard values ​​in the database to compare and analyze the real-time received gas concentration digital signals. Then, when the gas concentration is detected to be below the safety warning threshold, the processor control module maintains a low-power operation state and updates the data every certain period of time. When the gas concentration is detected to be close to or above the safety warning threshold, the processor immediately starts a high-speed data processing mode to quickly confirm the authenticity and stability of the concentration data. Subsequently, a warning trigger signal is generated and transmitted to the data transmission and warning module. At the same time, the current gas concentration value, detection time and location association information (matched with the positioning data transmitted by the well platform) are recorded for easy traceability and query.

[0027] The data transmission and early warning module receives gas information processed by the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, transmits the gas information, and issues early warnings based on the gas information. This module includes: Multi-level early warning module: Based on the processed gas concentration data, it compares it with the preset safety threshold. When the concentration exceeds the standard, it issues multi-level early warning prompts through sound, light or vibration. First, three warning thresholds are preset, corresponding to the "attention-alert-emergency" states respectively. The threshold standards strictly match the downhole gas safety monitoring specifications and are consistent with the downhole gas explosion limit threshold algorithm built into the data processing module. Then, an independent installation cavity is reserved next to the 316L stainless steel sealed chamber inside the boot. It houses a miniature vibration motor, a low-power buzzer, and a high-brightness LED indicator. The installation cavity adopts the same IP68 waterproof and dustproof design as the sealed chamber. It is connected to the data processing module through wires. When the gas concentration reaches the "caution" threshold, the vibration motor starts low-frequency vibration, and the LED indicator flashes green slowly. When the "warning" threshold is reached, the vibration motor switches to medium-frequency vibration, the buzzer emits an intermittent warning sound, and the LED indicator flashes yellow quickly. When the "emergency" threshold is reached, the vibration motor vibrates continuously at high frequency, the buzzer sounds continuously, and the LED indicator is solid red, reminding the operators to evacuate immediately. The power supply for all warning components is provided on demand by the power distribution module of the energy management and energy storage module. Finally, the warning status is synchronously fed back to the data processing module to ensure the consistency of information with the data transmission link.

[0028] Data transmission module: Transmits the processed gas information and early warning status to the well monitoring platform and the system control module, respectively; The system control module establishes a wired connection through a sealed conductive interface. The interface is encapsulated with waterproof and dustproof sealant, matching the protection level of the sealed chamber. The transmitted content includes real-time early warning status, power consumption data of each module, and gas concentration change trends. The communication adopts a low-power protocol, which only wakes up the connection when data is updated or status changes, and remains in sleep mode at other times to reduce power consumption. The well monitoring platform achieves wireless transmission through a BLE5.0 low-power Bluetooth module integrated in a sealed cabin. The outer shell is explosion-proof and is connected to the power distribution module through high-temperature resistant wires. The module antenna is built into the boot sleeve interlayer and adopts a flexible radiator design, which does not affect the comfort of wearing the safety boot, while enhancing the signal penetration in the complex underground environment.

[0029] The system control module receives data output from the data transmission and early warning module, and adjusts and optimizes the operating status of each module based on this data. Specifically, this involves receiving the warning status output from the data transmission and warning module, adjusting the power generation priority of the composite energy harvesting module, the sampling frequency of the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, and the warning threshold of the data transmission and warning module, thereby optimizing the system operating parameters.

[0030] First, the received early warning status, gas concentration change trend, and power consumption data of each module are classified and analyzed to determine the downhole environment risk level (e.g., normal, low risk, medium risk, high risk) and system energy consumption status (e.g., sufficient, balanced, insufficient). The core control objectives are then clarified. For example, when the risk is high, priority is given to ensuring the continuity of monitoring and early warning, and when the energy consumption is insufficient, priority is given to maintaining the low power consumption operation of the core modules. Then, for the composite energy harvesting module, the power generation priority is adjusted according to the risk level: for example, in high risk (emergency warning), the piezoelectric power generation pulse capture priority mechanism is triggered to enhance instantaneous high energy harvesting and meet the high power consumption requirements such as continuous buzzer sounding and high frequency vibration; in medium risk (alert warning), the energy distribution of piezoelectric power generation and magnetic reed oscillator power generation is balanced to ensure continuous power supply; in low risk (attention warning) and normal state, the magnetic reed oscillator trickle energy replenishment mode is prioritized to reduce energy loss. For the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, the sampling frequency is adjusted according to the risk level: in normal state, sampling is performed once every certain time interval; in low risk, the interval is shortened; in medium risk, it is further increased; in high risk, real-time continuous sampling is started to ensure accurate capture of concentration changes. For the warning threshold, dynamic optimization is performed in combination with the gas concentration change trend: when the concentration rises rapidly, the warning threshold is appropriately lowered to trigger a high-level warning in advance; when the concentration is stable or decreases, the default threshold is restored to avoid false alarms. Finally, the adjusted parameters are fed back to the corresponding modules in real time through a sealed conductive interface, and the control time, adjustment parameters, environmental status and module response data are recorded synchronously.

[0031] The boot body's physical protection module features a Kevlar fiber-reinforced polyurethane sole, a flame-retardant canvas and rubber composite structure for the boot shaft, an internal anti-smashing steel head, and a sealed chamber made of 316L stainless steel. It has an IP68 waterproof and dustproof rating, providing protection for the stable operation of the system.

[0032] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-powered in-situ gas monitoring safety boot system for downhole applications, characterized in that, include: Composite energy harvesting module, energy management and storage module, integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, data transmission and early warning module, system control module; The composite energy harvesting module has two complementary energy harvesting mechanisms, which generate electrical energy in response to different motion states during walking; the energy management and storage module processes and stores the harvested electrical energy and distributes it to other modules. The integrated in-situ gas monitoring module collects gas information around the safety boot and performs preliminary processing on the collected gas information; the data transmission and early warning module receives the gas information processed by the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, transmits the gas information, and provides early warning based on the gas information. The system control module receives data output from the data transmission and early warning module, and adjusts and optimizes the operating status of each module based on this data.

2. The downhole self-powered gas in-situ monitoring safety boot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a physical protection module for the boot body, with the sole made of Kevlar fiber reinforced polyurethane, the boot shaft made of flame-retardant canvas + rubber composite structure, an anti-smashing steel head inside, and a sealed chamber made of 316L stainless steel, with an IP68 waterproof and dustproof rating.

3. The downhole self-powered gas in-situ monitoring safety boot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite energy harvesting module includes: a boot-bottom pressure-bearing power generation module, a boot-cavity magnetic reed oscillator power generation module, and a power merging and buffering module; Pressure-bearing power generation module for boot sole: Piezoelectric ceramic stack arrays are arranged in the pressure-bearing areas of the forefoot and heel of the safety boot; Boot cavity magnetic reed oscillator power generation module: A linear reciprocating magnetic reed oscillator electromagnetic generator linked to the Achilles tendon is installed inside the heel cavity of the safety boot. Power merging and buffering module: performs initial merging of the electrical energy generated by the boot bottom pressure-bearing power generation module and the boot cavity magnetic reed oscillator power generation module, and suppresses voltage surges through a buffer circuit.

4. The downhole self-powered gas in-situ monitoring safety boot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy management and energy storage module includes: a rectification and voltage regulation module, an energy storage management module, and a power distribution module; Rectifier and voltage regulator module: It adopts an intrinsically safe low-power energy harvesting chip to rectify and regulate the harvested electrical energy; Energy storage management module: Stores the regulated electrical energy in an explosion-proof capacitor. It has a built-in "pulse capture-trickle energy replenishment" algorithm, which prioritizes the collection of instantaneous high energy of piezoelectric pulses and then replenishes the energy through the continuous oscillation of the magnetic reed oscillator, so as to achieve the time complementarity of the two generation mechanisms. Power distribution module: Based on the power consumption requirements of each module, the stored electrical energy is distributed as needed to the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, data transmission and early warning module, and system control module.

5. The downhole self-powered gas in-situ monitoring safety boot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated in-situ gas monitoring module includes: a miniature gas sensor module, a signal conditioning and conversion module, and a data processing module; Miniature gas sensor module: A CO sensor and a CH2O sensor are installed in the sealed chamber inside the boot barrel. The sensor sampling port collects gas through the breathable and waterproof membrane of the boot barrel. Signal conditioning and conversion module: amplifies and filters the gas concentration signal collected by the sensor, and converts it into a digital signal; Data processing module: Employs a low-power processor with a built-in downhole gas explosion limit threshold algorithm to process digital signals in real time.

6. The downhole self-powered gas in-situ monitoring safety boot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission and early warning module includes: a multi-level early warning module and a data transmission module; Multi-level early warning module: Based on the processed gas concentration data, it compares it with the preset safety threshold. When the concentration exceeds the standard, it issues multi-level early warning prompts through sound, light or vibration. Data transmission module: Transmits the processed gas information and early warning status to the well monitoring platform and the system control module, respectively.

7. The downhole self-powered gas in-situ monitoring safety boot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system control module receives the early warning status output by the data transmission and early warning module, adjusts the power generation priority of the composite energy harvesting module, the sampling frequency of the integrated in-situ gas monitoring module, and the early warning threshold of the data transmission and early warning module, and optimizes the system operating parameters.

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