Digital multichannel pulse analyzer and its zero-point calibration method and storage medium

Abstract

This application discloses a digital multichannel pulse analyzer, its zero-point calibration method, and a storage medium. The digital multichannel pulse analyzer includes: a voltage calibration source, a bias voltage source, a signal channel selection module, a signal conditioning module, and an analysis and control module. This application compares the theoretical reference value of the voltage calibration source with the average value of the corresponding digital signal acquired in multiple real-time acquisitions to generate a compensation voltage signal that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the calculated deviation, thus offsetting the zero-point shift. Therefore, the zero-point shift can be quickly offset by the digital multichannel pulse analyzer's own modules without manual intervention or frequent manual adjustments, achieving automatic zero-point calibration and ensuring the most accurate baseline is obtained during signal acquisition. This improves both the absolute and relative accuracy of measurements while reducing the professional skills required for zero-point calibration, effectively avoiding measurement errors or misjudgments caused by zero-point drift.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of zero-point calibration technology, and in particular to a digital multichannel pulse analyzer and its zero-point calibration method and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Digital multichannel pulse analyzers are core equipment for nuclear radiation energy spectrum measurement, radioactivity detection, and nuclear science research. They conditioned the analog pulse signal output from the detector, digitally quantized the entire waveform, extracted the effective parameters of the nuclear pulse, and performed histogram statistics to form a nuclear energy spectrum. The accuracy of energy spectrum measurement is highly dependent on the precision of pulse parameter extraction, and the stability of the nuclear signal pulse zero point is a crucial factor in accurately extracting these parameters. Due to factors such as detector manufacturing processes, operational amplifier offset in the hardware circuit, temperature drift of resistive and capacitive components, and power supply noise, the zero point of the signal output may not be zero when there is no external signal input.

[0003] Currently, signal zero-point adjustment mainly involves two aspects: hardware settings and software adjustments. Hardware settings achieve zero-point adjustment by manually adjusting the potentiometer to compensate for voltage deviation and by reverse compensation for DC voltage deviation. Software zero-point adjustment involves adjusting the digital value of the pulse signal zero point through host computer software, manually setting the digital value of the zero-point offset compensation system, and then superimposing this digital value onto the full-waveform quantized signal to achieve the software zero-point adjustment. However, both hardware and software methods are relatively cumbersome to operate, and the effectiveness of zero-point adjustment is greatly affected by human factors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a digital multichannel pulse analyzer and its zero-point calibration method and storage medium. By comparing the theoretical reference value of the voltage calibration source with the average value of the corresponding real-time acquired digital signal, a compensation voltage signal with the same magnitude and opposite direction as the calculated deviation is generated to offset the zero-point offset and achieve the purpose of automatic zero-point calibration.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a digital multichannel pulse analyzer is provided, comprising: Voltage calibration source, used to provide calibration voltage; Bias voltage source, used to provide compensation voltage; A signal channel selection module, wherein the first input terminal of the signal channel selection module is connected to an external input signal source, the second input terminal of the signal channel selection module is connected to a voltage calibration source, and the output terminal of the signal channel selection module can be switched between the first input terminal and the second input terminal; A signal conditioning module is connected to the output terminal of the signal channel selection module, and the signal conditioning module is used to adjust the gain and polarity of the output signal of the signal channel selection module. An analysis and control module is connected to the signal channel selection module, the signal conditioning module, the voltage calibration source, and the bias voltage source. In a non-acquisition state, the analysis and control module controls the output of the signal channel selection module to switch from the first input to the second input, controls the voltage calibration source to output a first calibration voltage signal based on a preset calibration voltage value, determines a target compensation voltage value based on a comparison between a first measured value of the first calibration voltage signal and the preset calibration voltage value, and controls the bias voltage source to output a compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value. In the acquisition state, the compensation voltage signal compensates for the zero-point offset deviation of the pulse signal under test by the signal conditioning module.

[0006] Optionally, the digital multichannel pulse analyzer further includes: A digital-to-analog converter is connected to the voltage calibration source and the bias voltage source, respectively. The digital-to-analog converter is used to program and adjust the preset calibration voltage value of the voltage calibration source and the compensation voltage value of the bias voltage source.

[0007] Optionally, the digital multichannel pulse analyzer further includes: A signal impedance matching circuit is connected between the first input terminal and the external input signal source, and is used to perform high impedance and low impedance matching on the pulse signal to be measured from the external input signal source.

[0008] Optionally, the digital multichannel pulse analyzer further includes: A temperature sensor, connected to the analysis and control module, is used to monitor the ambient temperature inside the digital multichannel pulse analyzer.

[0009] Optionally, in the acquisition state, the output terminal of the signal channel selection module is connected to the first input terminal, so that the analysis and control module receives the pulse signal to be measured from the external input signal source.

[0010] According to another aspect of this application, a zero-point calibration method for a digital multichannel pulse analyzer is provided, comprising: When the digital multichannel pulse analyzer is in a non-acquisition state, the analysis and control module switches the output of the control signal channel selection module from the first input to the second input, and controls the voltage calibration source to output the first calibration voltage signal with a preset calibration voltage value. The signal conditioning module adjusts the gain and polarity of the first calibration voltage signal; The analysis and control module performs full waveform quantization on the first calibration voltage signal after it has been regulated by the signal conditioning module, determines the first measured value of the first calibration voltage signal, and determines the target compensation voltage value based on the comparison between the first measured value and the preset calibration voltage value. The module then controls the bias voltage source to output the compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value, so that in the acquisition state, the zero-point offset deviation of the pulse signal under test by the signal conditioning module can be offset by the compensation voltage signal to compensate the pulse signal under test.

[0011] Optionally, determining the target compensation voltage value based on the comparison between the first measured value and the preset calibration voltage value includes: The analysis and control module calculates the average value of the first measurement value at multiple sampling times, and determines the candidate compensation voltage value by the difference between the average value and the preset calibration voltage value. The bias voltage source responds to a control command carrying the candidate compensation voltage value and outputs a candidate compensation signal. The analysis and control module processes the second calibration voltage signal to perform full waveform quantization and determines a second measured value of the second calibration voltage signal, wherein the second calibration voltage signal is formed by superimposing the first calibration voltage signal and the candidate compensation signal; If the difference between the average value of the second measurement at multiple sampling times and the preset calibration voltage value exceeds a preset range, the analysis and control module updates the candidate compensation voltage value based on the difference between the average value of the second measurement and the preset calibration voltage value. If the difference between the average value of the second measurement at multiple sampling times and the preset calibration voltage value is within a preset range, the analysis and control module will use the candidate compensation voltage value as the target compensation voltage value.

[0012] Optionally, after the analysis and control module uses the candidate compensation voltage value as the target compensation voltage value, the method further includes: The analysis and control module accumulates the calibration count; If the number of calibrations exceeds the threshold, the analysis and control module cancels the switch of the output of the control signal channel selection module from the first input to the second input, and cancels the output of the first calibration voltage signal from the control voltage calibration source with the preset calibration voltage value. The analysis and control module initializes the number of calibration cycles in response to a state change in the digital multichannel pulse analyzer.

[0013] Optionally, the method further includes: In response to obtaining the target compensation voltage value, the analysis and control module switches the output of the control signal channel selection module from the second input to the first input; or... The analysis and control module, in response to the digital multichannel pulse analyzer being in acquisition mode, switches the output of the control signal channel selection module from the second input to the first input; or... The signal channel selection module performs an initialization operation in response to the digital multichannel pulse analyzer being in the acquisition state, so as to reset the output terminal to the first input terminal.

[0014] Optionally, the digital multichannel pulse analyzer further includes a temperature sensor; the method further includes: The temperature sensor acquires the ambient temperature when the digital multichannel pulse analyzer is not in a data acquisition state; The analysis and control module establishes a correlation between the ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor and the target compensation voltage value.

[0015] Optionally, the analysis and control module controls the bias voltage source to output a compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value, including: The analysis and control module matches the current ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor with the correlation relationship to determine the target compensation voltage value associated with the current ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor. The analysis and control module configures the bias voltage source based on the target compensation voltage value associated with the current ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor, so that the bias voltage source outputs a compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value.

[0016] Optionally, the method further includes: The signal conditioning module adjusts the gain and polarity of the pulse signal to be measured from an external input signal source in response to the digital multichannel pulse analyzer being in the acquisition state. The analysis and control module processes the input signal to generate the energy spectrum of the external input signal source, wherein the input signal is formed by superimposing the compensation voltage signal and the pulse signal to be measured.

[0017] According to another aspect of this application, a readable storage medium is provided having a program or instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer described above.

[0018] Using the above technical solution, in non-acquisition mode, the analysis and control module switches the signal channel selection module to the internal voltage calibration source, which simultaneously outputs a preset, stable first calibration voltage signal. This signal, after being conditioned by the signal conditioning module, is measured by the analysis and control module. The measured first value is compared with the preset calibration voltage value of the first calibration voltage signal to calculate the zero-point offset introduced by the signal conditioning module. The analysis and control module then determines a target compensation voltage value based on this offset and drives the bias voltage source to output the corresponding compensation voltage signal. This compensation voltage signal is applied during subsequent actual acquisition to offset the zero-point offset caused by the signal conditioning module in the pulse signal under test. Therefore, the zero-point offset can be quickly offset by the digital multichannel pulse analyzer's own module without manual intervention or frequent manual adjustments, achieving automatic zero-point calibration of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer and ensuring the most accurate baseline is obtained during signal acquisition. This improves both the absolute and relative accuracy of the measurement while reducing the professional skills required for zero-point calibration and effectively avoiding measurement errors or misjudgments caused by zero-point drift.

[0019] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This paper shows a structural block diagram of a digital multichannel pulse analyzer provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A flowchart of a digital multichannel pulse analyzer provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0021] Figure label: 101 Voltage calibration source, 102 Bias voltage source, 103 Signal channel selection module, 104 Signal conditioning module, 105 Analysis and control module, 106 Analog-to-digital converter, 107 Signal impedance matching circuit, 210 Energy spectrum acquisition and analysis host computer. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0023] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0024] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term “comprising” as used in this application means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is “connected” or “attached” to another element, it can be directly connected or attached to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, “connected” or “attached” as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless interconnections. The term “and / or” as used herein includes all or any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0025] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application is thorough and complete, and that the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0026] This embodiment provides a digital multichannel pulse analyzer, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a voltage calibration source 101, a bias voltage source 102, a signal channel selection module 103, a signal conditioning module 104, and an analysis and control module 105.

[0027] Specifically, voltage calibration source 101 and bias voltage source 102 are used to provide adjustable high-precision calibration voltage and compensation voltage, respectively.

[0028] The signal channel selection module 103 has two input terminals. Its first input terminal is connected to an external input signal source to receive the pulse signal to be measured. The second input terminal of the signal channel selection module 103 is connected to the voltage calibration source 101 to receive the first calibration voltage signal for calibration. The output terminal of the signal channel selection module 103 can be switched between the first input terminal and the second input terminal.

[0029] The signal conditioning module 104 is connected to the output terminal of the signal channel selection module 103. The signal conditioning module 104 is used to adjust the gain and polarity of the output signal of the signal channel selection module 103 so that the signal's shape, amplitude, timing characteristics, and other attributes meet the conditions that the subsequent analysis and control module 105 can accurately process. The signal conditioning module 104 includes electronic components such as operational amplifiers, resistors, capacitors, programmable gain amplifiers, analog switches / multiplexers, and voltage regulators.

[0030] The analysis and control module 105 is connected to the signal channel selection module 103, the signal conditioning module 104, the voltage calibration source 101, and the bias voltage source 102. In the non-acquisition state, the analysis and control module 105 controls the output terminal of the signal channel selection module 103 to switch from the first input terminal to the second input terminal, controls the voltage calibration source 101 to output a first calibration voltage signal with a preset calibration voltage value, and determines the target compensation voltage value based on the comparison result between the first measured value of the first calibration voltage signal and the preset calibration voltage value. It also controls the bias voltage source 102 to output the compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value, so as to compensate the zero-point offset deviation of the pulse signal to be measured by the signal conditioning module 104 in the acquisition state by compensating the pulse signal to be measured with the compensation voltage signal.

[0031] The digital multichannel pulse analyzer provided in this application embodiment can switch the signal channel selection module to the internal voltage calibration source when not in acquisition mode, and simultaneously output a preset, stable first calibration voltage signal using the voltage calibration source. This signal is conditioned by the signal conditioning module and then measured by the analysis and control module. The measured first value is compared with the preset calibration voltage value of the first calibration voltage signal to calculate the zero-point offset deviation introduced by the signal conditioning module. The analysis and control module then determines a target compensation voltage value based on this deviation and drives the bias voltage source to output the corresponding compensation voltage signal. This compensation voltage signal is applied during subsequent actual acquisition to offset the zero-point offset caused by the signal conditioning module in the pulse signal under test. Therefore, the zero-point offset can be quickly offset by the digital multichannel pulse analyzer's own modules without manual intervention or frequent manual adjustments, achieving automatic zero-point calibration of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer and ensuring the most accurate baseline is obtained during signal acquisition. This improves both the absolute and relative accuracy of the measurement while reducing the professional skills required for zero-point calibration and effectively avoiding measurement errors or misjudgments caused by zero-point drift.

[0032] In one embodiment, the signal channel selection module can be configured as an electronic multiplexer. The default channel of the signal channel selection module is an output terminal connected to a first input terminal. After the digital multichannel pulse analyzer is powered on and in a non-acquisition state, the analysis control module can automatically connect the output terminal to a second input terminal to switch to the calibration signal channel. After the calibration task is completed, the signal channel selection module automatically switches the channel back to the external input signal source, or responds to the control command of the analysis control module to switch the channel back to the external input signal source.

[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the analysis and control module 105 is connected to the energy spectrum acquisition and analysis host computer 210. The analysis and control module 105 is also used to process the pulse signal to be measured after being conditioned by the signal conditioning module, generate the energy spectrum of the external input signal source, and send the energy spectrum to the energy spectrum acquisition and analysis host computer 210. This facilitates the energy spectrum acquisition and analysis host computer 210 to perform in-depth analysis and reporting on nuclear radiation.

[0034] In one embodiment, the analysis control module is coupled with an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to perform full waveform quantization on the signal input to the analysis control module in order to convert the analog signal into a digital signal.

[0035] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the digital multichannel pulse analyzer also includes a digital-to-analog converter 106.

[0036] Specifically, the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the voltage calibration source 101 and the bias voltage source 102 respectively. The digital-to-analog converter is used to program and adjust the preset calibration voltage value of the voltage calibration source 101 and the compensation voltage value of the bias voltage source 102.

[0037] It is understandable that the digital-to-analog converter 106 can be connected to the analysis and control module 105 as an independent module, or it can be coupled to the analysis and control module 105.

[0038] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the digital multichannel pulse analyzer also includes a signal impedance matching circuit 107.

[0039] Specifically, the signal impedance matching circuit 107 is connected between the first input terminal and the external input signal source to perform high impedance and low impedance matching on the pulse signal to be measured from the external input signal source.

[0040] In this embodiment, by using a signal impedance matching circuit to ensure that the impedances of the external input signal source, transmission line, and load are equal, signal reflection can be effectively prevented, while maximizing signal energy transmission efficiency and improving the signal-to-noise ratio. This improves signal waveform integrity, reduces energy loss and standing wave effects, provides a high-fidelity original signal for subsequent processing, and ensures the accuracy of measurement or control.

[0041] In one embodiment, the digital multichannel pulse analyzer further includes a temperature sensor.

[0042] Specifically, the temperature sensor is connected to the analysis and control module to monitor the ambient temperature inside the digital multichannel pulse analyzer.

[0043] In this embodiment, a temperature sensor can identify the temperature environment under which the digital multichannel pulse analyzer is calibrated and record the correlation between the target compensation voltage value and temperature, establishing a temperature compensation model or lookup table. Thus, based on the established model or table, a compensation voltage suitable for the current temperature can be directly selected, minimizing the impact of temperature drift on measurement accuracy.

[0044] This embodiment provides a zero-point calibration method for a digital multichannel pulse analyzer, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes: Step 301: In response to the digital multichannel pulse analyzer being in a non-acquisition state, the analysis and control module switches the output of the control signal channel selection module from the first input to the second input, and controls the voltage calibration source to output the first calibration voltage signal with a preset calibration voltage value. It is worth mentioning that, since the preset calibration voltage value is a digital quantity or digital code, in order for the voltage calibration source to accurately output the calibration voltage signal, the analysis and control module can send a control command carrying the preset calibration voltage value to the digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The DAC reads the preset calibration voltage value and immediately performs the action of converting it into a corresponding analog voltage signal to drive the voltage calibration source to output the corresponding calibration voltage signal.

[0045] Step 302: The signal conditioning module adjusts the gain and polarity of the first calibration voltage signal; Step 303: The analysis and control module performs full waveform quantization on the first calibration voltage signal after adjustment by the signal conditioning module, determines the first measured value of the first calibration voltage signal, and determines the target compensation voltage value based on the comparison result between the first measured value and the preset calibration voltage value, and controls the bias voltage source to output the compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the digital multichannel pulse analyzer is in a non-acquisition state, i.e., idle, the output of the signal channel selection module is actively connected to the second input. At this time, the calibration voltage source acts as the input source, and outputs a first calibration voltage signal corresponding to a preset calibration voltage value. This signal is conditioned by a signal conditioning module that is identical to the actual pulse signal to be measured. The analysis and control module then performs high-precision digital measurement on the conditioned first calibration voltage signal to obtain a first measured value. By comparing this measured value with the preset calibration voltage value, the deviation generated by the current calibration channel can be accurately calculated, and the required target compensation voltage value can be calculated in reverse. In subsequent actual acquisition mode, the analysis and control module can control the bias voltage source to output a compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value. This compensation voltage signal is injected into the signal path and enters the analysis and control module synchronously with the conditioned pulse signal to be measured for processing. This directly cancels the zero-point offset deviation generated by the signal conditioning module during signal conditioning at the circuit level, achieving precise zeroing of the signal baseline. Consequently, without manual intervention, the long-term measurement accuracy and stability of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer are significantly improved.

[0047] In practical applications, step 303, which determines the target compensation voltage value based on the comparison between the first measured value and the preset calibration voltage value, specifically includes the following steps: Step 303-1: The analysis and control module calculates the average value of the first measurement value at multiple sampling times, and determines the candidate compensation voltage value by the difference between the average value and the preset calibration voltage value. In one calibration cycle, the voltage calibration source continuously inputs a stable first calibration voltage signal. At different sampling times within the calibration cycle, the analysis and control module obtains multiple acquired digital quantities through full waveform quantization. The sampling times can be reasonably set according to the calibration accuracy of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer; this embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0048] Step 303-2: The bias voltage source responds to the control command carrying the candidate compensation voltage value and outputs the candidate compensation signal. As is understandable, similar to the calibration voltage source, the compensation voltage value calculated by the analysis and control module is a digital quantity or digital code. In order for the bias voltage source to accurately output the compensation signal, the analysis and control module can send control commands to the digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The DAC reads the candidate compensation voltage value and immediately converts it into the corresponding analog voltage signal to drive the bias voltage source to output the corresponding candidate compensation signal.

[0049] Step 303-3: The analysis and control module processes the second calibration voltage signal and performs full waveform quantization to determine the second measured value of the second calibration voltage signal; The second calibration voltage signal is formed by superimposing the first calibration voltage signal and the candidate compensation signal.

[0050] Step 303-4: If the difference between the average value of the second measurement value at multiple sampling times and the preset calibration voltage value exceeds the preset range, the analysis and control module updates the candidate compensation voltage value based on the difference between the average value of the second measurement value and the preset calibration voltage value. Step 303-5: If the difference between the average value of the second measurement value at multiple sampling times and the preset calibration voltage value is within the preset range, the analysis and control module will use the candidate compensation voltage value as the target compensation voltage value.

[0051] In this embodiment, the deviation between the average of the first measured values ​​of the first calibration voltage signal and a preset calibration voltage value is measured, and a candidate compensation value is generated based on this deviation. Using the candidate compensation value as a reference, a candidate compensation signal is output using a bias voltage source, and a second calibration voltage signal, superimposed with the candidate compensation signal and the first calibration voltage signal, is measured again. The degree of matching between the average of the second measured values ​​of the second calibration voltage signal and the calibration voltage value is evaluated. If the deviation exceeds the allowable range, the system iteratively updates and reapplies the compensation value until the measurement result meets the preset accuracy requirements; this compensation value is then confirmed as the target compensation voltage. Thus, through closed-loop iterative approximation, the digital multichannel pulse analyzer can dynamically correct voltage offsets, achieving high-precision, fully automatic, and adaptive system calibration, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer measurement results without manual intervention.

[0052] In one embodiment, after the analysis and control module uses the candidate compensation voltage value as the target compensation voltage value, the zero-point calibration method of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer further includes: the analysis and control module accumulating the calibration count; if the calibration count is greater than the count threshold, the analysis and control module cancels the switching of the output terminal of the control signal channel selection module from the first input terminal to the second input terminal, and cancels the output of the first calibration voltage signal from the control voltage calibration source with the preset calibration voltage value; the analysis and control module initializes the calibration count in response to a state change in the digital multichannel pulse analyzer.

[0053] In this embodiment, the analysis and control module continuously increments the count of each calibration iteration. When the count exceeds a preset threshold and a target compensation voltage meeting the preset accuracy requirements is obtained, the analysis and control module automatically interrupts the calibration path. This prevents the device from remaining in a signal zero-point automatic calibration state in non-acquisition mode, avoiding repetitive calibration of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer and helping to save resources. Simultaneously, the module continuously monitors the operating status of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer. When it detects a change from acquisition mode to non-acquisition mode or vice versa, it resets the calibration count counter to zero, ensuring that the calibration process always restarts from a consistent state. This effectively avoids calibration failures caused by accumulated errors and divergent iterations, improving the system's robustness, adaptability, and long-term operational reliability.

[0054] It is worth mentioning that if the number of calibrations exceeds the threshold and the difference between the average value of the second measurement and the preset calibration voltage value still exceeds the preset range, the analysis and control module modifies the preset calibration voltage value and re-controls the output of the signal channel selection module to switch from the first input to the second input. The modified preset calibration voltage value is used to control the voltage calibration source to output the first calibration voltage signal. The analysis and control module directly outputs calibration failure information to trigger the manual calibration process.

[0055] For example, a digital multichannel pulse analyzer performs automatic zero-point calibration of the signal in non-acquisition mode, and the specific implementation method is as follows: 1) After the digital multichannel pulse analyzer is turned on, it connects to the host computer software.

[0056] 2) When not in acquisition mode, the host computer automatically sends a signal zero-point calibration command to the digital multichannel pulse analyzer.

[0057] 3) After the digital multichannel pulse analyzer successfully receives the signal zero-point calibration command sent by the host computer software, the analysis control module controls the DAC module to set the voltage of the voltage calibration module to V0, and the voltage calibration module outputs a stable DC signal with voltage V0. The calibration count NUM is initialized to zero.

[0058] 4) The analysis and control module selects the voltage calibration channel as the signal input channel through the channel control switch.

[0059] 5) The voltage calibration signal enters the analysis and control module through the signal conditioning module for full waveform digital quantization.

[0060] 6) Analyze the digital input signal of the control module multiple times, obtain the average value of the multiple digital inputs DAVG_NUM1, calculate the deviation ΔDNUM1 between the average value of the digital input DAVG_NUM1 and the corresponding nominal digital input V0 of the calibration source, and calculate the offset digital input ΔDNUM1 and quantize the corresponding offset voltage VOFFSET_NUM through the ADC and give it to the adjustable bias voltage module.

[0061] 7) The analysis and control module controls the DAC module to output the corresponding compensation bias voltage signal VOFFSET_NUM, and increments the calibration count NUM by 1.

[0062] 8) After the compensation voltage is successfully set, the analysis and control module re-acquires the digital value of the signal input and calculates the average value of the multiple acquired digital values, DAVG_NUM2. If the digital offset ΔDNUM2 is within the allowable zero-point offset range, the zero-point self-calibration ends upon power-on. If the digital offset ΔDNUM2 is greater than the allowable zero-point offset, repeat step 6) until the bias voltage VOFFSET_NUM compensation is completed and the digital offset is within the allowable offset range, at which point the automatic calibration of the device ends.

[0063] 9) When the number of calibrations NUM exceeds the limit of the number of calibrations N under a certain calibration voltage, the device can reset the voltage value V0 of the adjustable voltage calibration module and repeat the above calibration steps until the signal zero point calibration is successful.

[0064] 10) After successful zero-point calibration, the analysis and control module selects the external signal impedance matching circuit channel as the signal input channel through the channel control switch.

[0065] In one embodiment, to ensure that the digital multichannel pulse analyzer can successfully receive the pulse signal under test output from the external signal source in the acquisition state, the signal channel selection module can be switched back to the default external signal channel in the following manner: In Method 1, in response to obtaining the target compensation voltage value, the analysis and control module switches the output of the control signal channel selection module from the second input to the first input.

[0066] In this embodiment, the switching operation is performed only after the calibration process is completely completed and an accurate compensation value is successfully obtained, thus avoiding the risk of collecting inaccurate data due to incomplete or failed calibration.

[0067] Method 2: In response to the digital multichannel pulse analyzer being in acquisition mode, the analysis and control module switches the output of the control signal channel selection module from the second input to the first input.

[0068] In this embodiment, the external channel is only activated when the device begins performing a data acquisition task. This avoids triggering a switchover before calibration is complete, allows the closure of the calibration channel to be integrated with external calibration commands, achieves system-level process coordination and automation, and reduces calibration inaccuracies caused by accidental external signal intrusion.

[0069] Method 3: In response to the digital multichannel pulse analyzer being in acquisition mode, the signal channel selection module performs an initialization operation to reset the output to the first input.

[0070] In this embodiment, the signal channel selection module possesses self-sensing and self-initialization capabilities. It does not require waiting for upper-layer instructions and can immediately reset to a safe default state upon detecting the acquisition status. This simplifies the specific instruction operations of the analysis and control module for each switch, reduces the signal channel selection module's dependence on the analysis and control module and communication latency, and enhances real-time performance and fault tolerance, making it particularly suitable for scenarios with high requirements for the immediacy of state switching.

[0071] In one embodiment, the digital multichannel pulse analyzer further includes a temperature sensor. After determining the target compensation voltage value based on the comparison between the first measured value and the preset calibration voltage value in step 303, the zero-point calibration method of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer further includes: the temperature sensor acquiring the ambient temperature of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer in a non-acquisition state; and the analysis and control module establishing the correlation between the ambient temperature acquired by the temperature sensor and the target compensation voltage value.

[0072] Further, in step 303, the analysis and control module controls the bias voltage source to output a compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value. Specifically, the analysis and control module matches the current ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor with the correlation relationship to determine the target compensation voltage value associated with the current ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor. The analysis and control module configures the bias voltage source based on the target compensation voltage value associated with the current ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor so that the bias voltage source outputs a compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value.

[0073] In this embodiment, by establishing a correlation between the ambient temperature during non-acquisition states and the calculated target compensation voltage value, the analysis and control module can understand the pattern of zero-point drift with temperature changes. This allows the analysis and control module to dynamically adjust the target compensation voltage value to suit the current ambient temperature during subsequent acquisition operations, based on the real-time temperature and the established correlation. This physically offsets the circuit zero-point drift caused by ambient temperature fluctuations, ensuring long-term zero-point stability of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer when operating at different temperatures. Consequently, continuous and high-precision zero-point calibration can be achieved under various environmental conditions, significantly improving the long-term stability and measurement accuracy of the instrument.

[0074] In one embodiment, after step 303, the zero-point calibration method of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer further includes: the signal conditioning module adjusting the gain and polarity of the pulse signal to be measured from the external input signal source in response to the digital multichannel pulse analyzer being in the acquisition state; and the analysis and control module processing the input signal to generate the energy spectrum of the external input signal source.

[0075] The input signal is formed by superimposing the compensation voltage signal and the pulse signal to be measured.

[0076] In this embodiment, when the digital multichannel pulse analyzer is in acquisition mode, the output of the signal channel selection module is connected to the second input. At this time, it can receive the pulse signal to be measured from an external input signal source, while the bias voltage source outputs a compensation voltage signal. The gain and polarity of the pulse signal to be measured are adjusted by the signal conditioning module and then superimposed with the compensation voltage signal before entering the analysis and control module. This compensation voltage signal is used to offset the zero-point deviation generated by the signal conditioning module. Because the signal input to the analysis and control module has undergone zero-point compensation and optimal conditioning, the analysis and control module can more accurately and reliably extract the effective parameters of the nuclear pulse and perform histogram statistics to form a high-precision nuclear energy spectrum, thereby improving the performance of the entire measurement system and the reliability of the results.

[0077] Furthermore, after the analysis and control module generates the energy spectrum of the external input signal source, it can send the energy spectrum to the host computer via the communication module for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0078] It should be noted that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0079] Based on the above, Figure 2 Accordingly, embodiments of this application also provide a readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method. Figure 2 The digital multichannel pulse analyzer shown.

[0080] Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application can be embodied in the form of a software product. The software product can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, or portable hard drive), and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (such as a personal computer, server, or network device) to execute the methods described in the various implementation scenarios of this application.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of a preferred embodiment, and the modules or processes shown in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiment can be distributed within the apparatus of the embodiment as described, or can be modified to be located in one or more apparatuses different from this embodiment. The modules of the above-described embodiment can be combined into one module, or further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0082] The serial numbers in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of any particular implementation scenario. The above disclosures are merely a few specific implementation scenarios of this application; however, this application is not limited thereto, and any variations conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A digital multichannel pulse analyzer, characterized in that, include: Voltage calibration source, used to provide calibration voltage; Bias voltage source, used to provide compensation voltage; A signal channel selection module, wherein the first input terminal of the signal channel selection module is connected to an external input signal source, the second input terminal of the signal channel selection module is connected to a voltage calibration source, and the output terminal of the signal channel selection module can be switched between the first input terminal and the second input terminal; A signal conditioning module is connected to the output terminal of the signal channel selection module, and the signal conditioning module is used to adjust the gain and polarity of the output signal of the signal channel selection module. An analysis and control module is connected to the signal channel selection module, the signal conditioning module, the voltage calibration source, and the bias voltage source. In a non-acquisition state, the analysis and control module controls the output of the signal channel selection module to switch from the first input to the second input, controls the voltage calibration source to output a first calibration voltage signal based on a preset calibration voltage value, determines a target compensation voltage value based on a comparison between a first measured value of the first calibration voltage signal and the preset calibration voltage value, and controls the bias voltage source to output a compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value. In the acquisition state, the compensation voltage signal compensates for the zero-point offset deviation of the pulse signal under test by the signal conditioning module.

2. The digital multichannel pulse analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The digital multichannel pulse analyzer also includes: A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is connected to the analysis and control module, the voltage calibration source, and the bias voltage source, respectively. The DAC is used to programmatically adjust the preset calibration voltage value of the voltage calibration source and the compensation voltage value of the bias voltage source; and / or, A signal impedance matching circuit, connected between the first input terminal and the external input signal source, is used to perform high-impedance and low-impedance matching on the pulse signal to be measured from the external input signal source; and / or, A temperature sensor, connected to the analysis and control module, is used to monitor the ambient temperature inside the digital multichannel pulse analyzer.

3. The digital multichannel pulse analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the acquisition state, the output terminal of the signal channel selection module is connected to the first input terminal, so that the analysis and control module receives the pulse signal to be measured from the external input signal source.

4. A zero-point calibration method for a digital multichannel pulse analyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method includes: When the digital multichannel pulse analyzer is in a non-acquisition state, the analysis and control module switches the output of the control signal channel selection module from the first input to the second input, and controls the voltage calibration source to output the first calibration voltage signal with a preset calibration voltage value. The signal conditioning module adjusts the gain and polarity of the first calibration voltage signal; The analysis and control module performs full waveform quantization on the first calibration voltage signal after it has been regulated by the signal conditioning module, determines the first measured value of the first calibration voltage signal, and determines the target compensation voltage value based on the comparison between the first measured value and the preset calibration voltage value. The module then controls the bias voltage source to output the compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value, so that in the acquisition state, the zero-point offset deviation of the pulse signal under test by the signal conditioning module can be offset by the compensation voltage signal to compensate the pulse signal under test.

5. The zero-point calibration method for a digital multichannel pulse analyzer according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining the target compensation voltage value based on the comparison between the first measured value and the preset calibration voltage value includes: The analysis and control module calculates the average value of the first measurement value at multiple sampling times, and determines the candidate compensation voltage value by the difference between the average value and the preset calibration voltage value. The bias voltage source responds to a control command carrying the candidate compensation voltage value and outputs a candidate compensation signal. The analysis and control module processes the second calibration voltage signal to perform full waveform quantization and determines a second measured value of the second calibration voltage signal, wherein the second calibration voltage signal is formed by superimposing the first calibration voltage signal and the candidate compensation signal; If the difference between the average value of the second measurement at multiple sampling times and the preset calibration voltage value exceeds a preset range, the analysis and control module updates the candidate compensation voltage value based on the difference between the average value of the second measurement and the preset calibration voltage value. If the difference between the average value of the second measurement at multiple sampling times and the preset calibration voltage value is within a preset range, the analysis and control module will use the candidate compensation voltage value as the target compensation voltage value.

6. The zero-point calibration method for a digital multichannel pulse analyzer according to claim 5, characterized in that, After the analysis and control module uses the candidate compensation voltage value as the target compensation voltage value, the method further includes: The analysis and control module accumulates the number of calibrations. If the number of calibrations exceeds the threshold, the analysis and control module cancels the switch of the output of the control signal channel selection module from the first input to the second input, and cancels the output of the first calibration voltage signal from the control voltage calibration source with the preset calibration voltage value. The analysis and control module initializes the number of calibration cycles in response to a state change in the digital multichannel pulse analyzer.

7. The zero-point calibration method for a digital multichannel pulse analyzer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: In response to obtaining the target compensation voltage value, the analysis and control module switches the output of the control signal channel selection module from the second input to the first input; or... The analysis and control module, in response to the digital multichannel pulse analyzer being in acquisition mode, switches the output of the control signal channel selection module from the second input to the first input; or... The signal channel selection module performs an initialization operation in response to the digital multichannel pulse analyzer being in the acquisition state, so as to reset the output terminal to the first input terminal.

8. The zero-point calibration method for a digital multichannel pulse analyzer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The digital multichannel pulse analyzer also includes a temperature sensor; the method further includes: The temperature sensor acquires the ambient temperature when the digital multichannel pulse analyzer is not in a data acquisition state; The analysis and control module establishes a correlation between the ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor and the target compensation voltage value; The analysis and control module controls the bias voltage source to output a compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value, including: The analysis and control module matches the current ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor with the correlation relationship to determine the target compensation voltage value associated with the current ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor. The analysis and control module configures the bias voltage source based on the target compensation voltage value associated with the current ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor, so that the bias voltage source outputs a compensation voltage signal corresponding to the target compensation voltage value.

9. The zero-point calibration method for a digital multichannel pulse analyzer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The signal conditioning module adjusts the gain and polarity of the pulse signal to be measured from an external input signal source in response to the digital multichannel pulse analyzer being in the acquisition state. The analysis and control module processes the input signal to generate the energy spectrum of the external input signal source, wherein the input signal is formed by superimposing the compensation voltage signal and the pulse signal to be measured.

10. A readable storage medium having a program or instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program or instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the zero-point calibration method of the digital multichannel pulse analyzer as described in any one of claims 4 to 9.

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