An energy-saving window spectrum characteristic curve calculation method, system and storage medium

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of window spectral characteristic calculation, specifically to a method, system, and storage medium for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window. The calculation method involves iterating through the transmittance, reflectance, and absorptance of a reference glass at wavelength λ, calculating the total annual energy consumption of air conditioning and lighting caused by windows facing the corresponding direction in the building, and obtaining the transmittance at the lowest total energy consumption at wavelength λ. 、 Reflectance and absorptivity are determined as the optimal spectral characteristic parameters of the glass at wavelength λ. After traversing the radiation band range, the optimal spectral characteristic parameters for different wavelengths are fitted into a band-based continuous curve, yielding the optimal spectral characteristic curve for the corresponding window orientation of the building in the local area. This not only provides quantitative basis for architects to scientifically select window glass, but also enables refined product development for different regions and building orientations, minimizing building energy consumption while ensuring indoor light and heat comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of window spectral characteristic calculation, and in particular to a method, system and storage medium for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window. Background Technology

[0002] Windows, as a key component of building envelope, play a crucial role in regulating light propagation and heat transfer. Their structural design must balance the building's insulation, heat insulation, and light transmission requirements, directly impacting the indoor thermal environment, natural lighting effects, and total building energy consumption. Compared to non-transparent walls and other structures, windows can account for over 40% of total building energy consumption. However, higher spectral transmittance across the entire wavelength range is not always better for windows. The spectral characteristics of windows at different wavelengths significantly affect a building's lighting, heat gain, and insulation performance.

[0003] Specifically, solar radiation entering a room through windows effectively increases indoor illuminance, thereby reducing energy consumption for artificial lighting. Simultaneously, the solar radiation heat entering the room increases indoor heat, significantly reducing the heat load under winter heating conditions. In severely cold and frigid regions where heating is the primary function, especially high-altitude areas like Tibet, buildings commonly use large windows on the south-facing side to enhance indoor heat gain in winter. In these regions, it is necessary to increase the transmittance of windows within the solar radiation wavelength range to maximize the entry of solar radiation energy into the room.

[0004] Conversely, during summer cooling operations, solar radiation significantly increases the indoor cooling load. In hot-summer, warm-winter regions where cooling is the primary function, although large-area glass curtain walls are often used for lighting and architectural aesthetics, south-facing windows generally use Low-E glass to effectively reflect near-infrared solar radiation, thereby reducing the amount of solar heat entering the building. Furthermore, for various climate zones, the reflectivity of windows in the far-infrared band should be increased, while their transmittance and absorptivity should be reduced to enhance the building's insulation performance.

[0005] The above scenarios represent relatively extreme climatic conditions. Beyond these climate zones, hot-summer, cold-winter regions experience both hot summers and cold winters, requiring buildings to provide both cooling and heating, which places even more complex demands on the spectral properties of glass. Furthermore, when windows are not installed facing south, there is currently a lack of scientifically quantitative design guidelines and selection methods to achieve a reasonable configuration of transmission and reflection performance across different wavelengths, and to balance the needs for lighting and insulation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a method, system and storage medium for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: satisfying τ λi +R λi +α λi Based on λ = 1, the glass transmittance of the reference glass at wavelength λ is... τ λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi After iterating through the entire spectrum, the wavelength λ is found to be within the radiation band. i Step size; Based on the obtained glass transmittance, reflectance, and absorptance data curves, Calculate the solar radiation heat gain during the heating and cooling seasons respectively. Q HSi and Q CSi ; Calculate the heat gain from long-wave radiation during the heating and cooling seasons respectively. Q Hεi and Q Cεi ; Calculate annual air conditioning energy consumption due to windows W ACi ; Calculate the energy savings from artificial lighting for building solar visible light illumination throughout the year. W Li ; Calculate the total annual energy consumption of air conditioning and lighting caused by windows facing the corresponding orientation of the building. W i , W i = W ACi - W Li ; S2: Iterate through all glass transmittance ratios τ λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi Then, the overall energy consumption at wavelength λ was obtained. W i minimum transmittance τ λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi The optimal spectral characteristic parameters of the glass at wavelength λ were determined. S3: λ = λ + Δλ, Repeat steps S1-S2 for wavelength intervals; S4: After traversing the radiation band range, the optimal spectral characteristic parameters of the above different wavelengths are fitted into a continuous curve based on the band, and the optimal spectral characteristic curve of the corresponding window orientation of the building is obtained.

[0009] Preferably, in S1, the wavelength range of the radiation band is 300nm~25000nm.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, during the traversal process, the full-band spectral characteristic parameters of the glass are the reference glass parameters, wherein the transmittance τ at wavelength λ is... λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi Replace it with the data from this iteration.

[0011] Preferably, in S1, The solar radiation heat gain during the heating and cooling seasons is calculated using a dynamic calculation method throughout the year. Q HSi and Q CSi ; The heat gain from long-wave radiation during the heating and cooling seasons is calculated using a dynamic calculation method throughout the year. Q Hεi and Q Cεi ; The energy savings from artificial lighting due to annual building solar visible light illumination were calculated using a dynamic annual calculation method. W Li .

[0012] Preferably,

[0013]

[0014] in,

[0015]

[0016] In the formula: Q HSi The heat gained from solar radiation during the heating season. Q CSi This refers to the heat gained from solar radiation during the cooling period. To allow heat to gradually enter the room through the windows. This refers to the heat that is absorbed by the window hourly and then transferred into the room via secondary heat transfer. The intensity of sunlight radiation on the window surface. This represents the relative spectral distribution of solar radiation. h i The indoor convective heat transfer coefficient is... h e The outdoor convective heat transfer coefficient is denoted as .

[0017] Preferably,

[0018]

[0019] in,

[0020]

[0021] In the formula: Q Hεi The heat gained by long-wave radiation from the glass during the heating season. Q Cεi This refers to the heat gained by long-wave radiation from the glass during the cooling period. To obtain heat from long-wave radiation of the glass hourly, For the long-wave emissivity of glass, The Stefan-Boltzmann constant is... Indoor air temperature, The inner surface temperature of the glass. n Longwave radiative emissivity The number of wavelengths uniformly selected in the mid- and far-infrared band during the calculation.

[0022] Preferably, the inner surface temperature of the glass and the outer surface temperature of the glass It was obtained by solving a system of simultaneous equations.

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] In the formula: d The thermal conductivity of glass, For glass thickness, .

[0026] Preferably, W ACi = + ) / COP C - ( + ) / COP H In the formula: COP C The energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration system during the cooling season. COP H The energy efficiency ratio of the heating system during the heating season; W Li = W LD - W LS In the formula: W LD This refers to the energy consumption for artificial lighting required when the building receives no natural outdoor sunlight throughout the year. W LS This refers to the energy consumption of artificial lighting required for windows facing the corresponding orientation under normal natural lighting conditions throughout the year.

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] In the formula: For interior design illuminance, The overall luminous efficacy of the selected lighting fixtures, This represents the transmitted luminous flux in the visible light band during solar irradiation. The intensity of sunlight radiation on the window surface. To improve the spectral light efficiency of light in the visual field.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window, using any of the aforementioned methods for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform any of the energy-saving window spectral characteristic curve calculation methods described above.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention, starting from the building demand side, focuses on the needs of building lighting, cooling, heating and air conditioning, and insulation. It conducts in-depth research on the coupling relationship between building energy-saving needs and window spectral characteristics, and proposes a method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of energy-saving windows.

[0033] Based on this method, not only can it provide quantitative basis for architects to scientifically select window glass, but it can also guide manufacturers to carry out refined product development for different regions and building orientations, thereby minimizing building energy consumption while ensuring the comfort of indoor light and heat environment, resulting in significant energy-saving benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the calculation method for the spectral characteristic curve of the energy-saving window described in this invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the building model established in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is the spectral characteristic curve of a single-layer white glass in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is the spectral characteristic curve of the energy-saving window calculated in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 The image shows the spectral characteristic curve of a single-layer Low-E glass in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the annual comprehensive energy consumption of air conditioning and lighting for clear glass, Low-E glass, and energy-saving glass calculated in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 The image shows the spectral characteristic curve of the near-ideal spectral glass described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the scaled-down building test bench described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the total annual energy consumption for air conditioning and lighting of Low-E glass and near-ideal spectrum glass calculated in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0044] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer," etc., used in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention to indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0045] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.

[0046] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0047] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0048] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to connection methods commonly used in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0049] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window includes the following steps: Enter the project location, building window orientation, and interior design temperature. Design Illuminance Parameters and hourly climate parameters throughout the year (including: solar radiation) I total, sky background temperature (etc.), as well as the local cooling and heating seasons, etc.

[0050] S1: satisfying τ λi +R λi +α λi Based on λ = 1, the glass transmittance of the reference glass at wavelength λ is... τ λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi After iterating through the entire spectrum, the wavelength λ is found to be within the radiation band. i The step size is optional, and the traversal range is 0~1.0. i It is 0.01.

[0051] In the optional scheme, since the radiation involved in architectural glass is usually solar radiation and long-wave radiation from the sky, the ground, and the surrounding building surfaces, the solar radiation band range is 300 nm ~ 2500 nm, and the other long-wave radiation band range is 2500 nm ~ 25000 nm according to national standards. Therefore, the wavelength range of the radiation band can be selected as 300 nm ~ 25000 nm, and the calculation starts from wavelength λ = 300 nm and ends at 25000 nm.

[0052] In the optional scheme, during the traversal, the full-band spectral characteristic parameters of the glass are the reference glass parameters, where the transmittance τ at wavelength λ is... λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi Replace it with the data from this iteration.

[0053] Based on the obtained glass transmittance, reflectance, and absorptance data curves, Calculate the solar radiation heat gain during the heating and cooling seasons respectively. Q HSi and Q CSi ; Calculate the heat gain from long-wave radiation during the heating and cooling seasons respectively. Q Hεi and Q Cεi ; Calculate annual air conditioning energy consumption due to windows W ACi ; Calculate the energy savings from artificial lighting for building solar visible light illumination throughout the year. W Li ; Calculate the total annual energy consumption of air conditioning and lighting caused by windows facing the corresponding orientation of the building. W i , W i = W ACi - W Li .

[0054] In an optional scheme, in step S1, the solar radiation heat gain during the heating and cooling seasons is calculated using a dynamic calculation method throughout the year. Q HSi and Q CSi The method for dynamic calculation throughout the year can be achieved using general-purpose energy consumption simulation software such as EnergyPlus and Dest.

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] in,

[0058]

[0059] In the formula: Q HSiThe heat gained from solar radiation during the heating season. Q CSi This refers to the heat gained from solar radiation during the cooling period. To allow heat to gradually enter the room through the windows. This refers to the heat that is absorbed by the window hourly and then transferred into the room via secondary heat transfer. The intensity of sunlight radiation on the window surface can be obtained through simulation calculations using general energy consumption simulation software such as Energy Plus and Dest, based on window orientation, project location, and local annual meteorological data parameters. The relative spectral distribution of solar radiation was determined using the internationally accepted ground-based solar spectrum standard, which was downloaded directly from the NREL website. h i The indoor convective heat transfer coefficient is... h e This represents the outdoor convective heat transfer coefficient. In the optional scheme, a dynamic calculation method is used throughout the year to calculate the long-wave radiation heat gain during both the heating and cooling seasons. Q Hεi and Q Cεi .

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] in,

[0063]

[0064] In the formula: Q Hεi The heat gained by long-wave radiation from the glass during the heating season. Q Cεi This refers to the heat gained by long-wave radiation from the glass during the cooling period. To obtain heat from long-wave radiation of the glass hourly, For the long-wave emissivity of glass, Here is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, with a value of 5.67 × 10⁻⁶. 8 W m 2 K 4 , Indoor air temperature, The inner surface temperature of the glass. n Longwave radiative emissivity The number of wavelengths uniformly selected in the mid- and far-infrared band during the calculation.

[0065] inner surface temperature of glass and the outer surface temperature of the glass It was obtained by solving a system of simultaneous equations.

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] In the formula: d The thermal conductivity of glass, For glass thickness, This refers to the outdoor sky background radiant temperature. This can be obtained through meteorological data from the project location.

[0069] Among the optional options, a dynamic calculation method is used to calculate the annual savings in artificial lighting energy consumption from building solar visible light illumination. W Li .

[0070] W ACi = + ) / COP C - ( + ) / COP H In the formula: COP C The energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration system during the cooling season. COP H The energy efficiency ratio of the heating system during the heating season; W Li = W LD - W LS In the formula: W LDThis refers to the energy consumption for artificial lighting required when the building receives no natural outdoor sunlight throughout the year. W LS This refers to the energy consumption of artificial lighting required for windows facing the corresponding orientation under normal natural lighting conditions throughout the year.

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] In the formula: For interior design illuminance, The overall luminous efficacy of the selected lighting fixtures, This represents the transmitted luminous flux in the visible light band during solar irradiation. The intensity of sunlight radiation on the window surface can be obtained through simulation calculations using general energy consumption simulation software such as Energy Plus and Dest, based on window orientation, project location, and local annual meteorological data parameters. This refers to the photopic spectral luminous efficiency (obtainable from authoritative data such as the CIE database and GB / T 20151-2006). 8760 represents the number of hours per year, and 683 represents the maximum spectral luminous efficiency, which is a constant. 380nm-780nm refers to the visible light band within the spectrum.

[0074] S2: Iterate through all glass transmittance ratios τ λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi Then, the overall energy consumption at wavelength λ was obtained. W i minimum transmittance τ λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi The optimal spectral characteristic parameters of the glass at wavelength λ were determined. S3: λ = λ + Δλ, Repeat steps S1-S2 for wavelength intervals; S4: After traversing the radiation band range, the optimal spectral characteristic parameters of the above different wavelengths are fitted into a continuous curve based on the band, and the optimal spectral characteristic curve of the corresponding window orientation of the building is obtained.

[0075] Example 2 Based on Example 1, taking a south-facing window of a building on a certain floor in a northern region as an example, the building model is as follows: Figure 2As shown, the local area requires heating in winter and cooling in summer. The indoor heating design temperature is 18℃, the indoor cooling design temperature is 26℃, and the indoor design illuminance is 300 lx. The local heating season is from November 15th to March 15th of the following year, and the cooling season is from May 15th to September 15th. Hourly meteorological data for the entire year were obtained from the national meteorological website.

[0076] The spectral characteristic curve of a certain single-layer clear glass is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, to clearly display the solar spectral bands, Figure 3 The 2500-25000nm mid-to-far infrared band is not displayed. The absorptivity of the clear glass in the 2500nm-25000nm band is 0.84, the transmittance is 0, and the reflectance is 0.16. Thermal conductivity... d =0.81, indoor convective heat transfer coefficient h i =8.0, outdoor convective heat transfer coefficient h e =23.0.

[0077] The iterative calculations begin with a wavelength of 300 nm and a Δλ of 10 nm, and proceed as follows: Figure 3 Using the standard white glass spectral characteristic curve shown as a reference, the transmittance τ of solar radiation in the 300nm~310nm wavelength band is... λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi The iterative calculation begins with the transmittance τ. λi =0, reflectance R λi =1.0, absorption ratio α λi =0 is replaced as follows Figure 3 The characteristic parameters of the 300nm~310nm band in the standard white glass spectral characteristic curve are shown.

[0078] The calculation begins hourly throughout the year. For example, if the heating season starts at 12 noon on January 1st... =540、 =105、 For example, during the cooling period, at 12 noon on August 1st. =153、Q CSi Equals 29. .

[0079] Then, the hourly calculation results are integrated and summed over the entire heating and cooling seasons to obtain Q. HSi =345000、 Q CSi 98500, Q Hεi =-14500、 Q Cεi 12850, Calculate the annual air conditioning energy consumption (W) caused by windows. ACi System cooling energy efficiency COP C The value is 4.2, representing the system's heating efficiency COP. H Taking the value 2.8, W is calculated. ACi =91523.

[0080] Then, the lighting energy consumption is calculated hourly throughout the year, with an indoor design illuminance (Eset) of 300 lx, and the overall luminous efficacy of the selected lighting fixtures is calculated. For example, the calculated lighting power at midnight on January 1st is 3 lm / W, and the transmitted luminous flux in the visible light band of solar irradiance at noon on August 1st during the cooling period is 100 lm / W. An additional 1.3 watts of artificial lighting power is required.

[0081] Then, the hourly calculation results are integrated and summed over the entire year to calculate the required artificial lighting energy consumption (W) for the building under conditions of no outdoor natural light throughout the year. LD =7200, the annual energy consumption (W) of artificial lighting required for windows of the corresponding orientation under normal natural lighting conditions. LS =2800, annual savings in artificial lighting energy consumption (W) from building solar visible light illumination. Li =4400.

[0082] Calculate the total annual energy consumption of a building due to windows, including air conditioning and lighting: W i =91523-4400=87123.

[0083] Then, the same calculation process is repeated to calculate τ. λi =0.01, reflectance R λi =0.99, absorption ratio α λi =0, until the transmittance τ of solar radiation in the 300nm~310nm band is obtained. λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi The most energy-efficient combination of the three parameters (i.e., the optimal spectral characteristic parameters).

[0084] After the calculation is completed, continue to calculate 310nm~320nm, and keep looping to calculate the entire 25000nm band.

[0085] Ultimately, the optimal transmittance τ for different wavebands will be obtained. λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi The optimal spectral characteristic curve for energy-saving windows in the 300nm~25000nm wavelength band was obtained by combining three parameters. Figure 4The optimal spectral characteristics of energy-saving windows in the 300nm~2500nm wavelength range are shown, while the absorptivity α in the 2500nm~25000nm wavelength range is also presented. λi =0, transmittance τ λi =0, reflectance R λi It is 1.0.

[0086] To compare the energy-saving performance of windows, commonly used building single-pane clear glass, single-pane Low-E glass, and the energy-saving glass used in this invention (i.e., the optimal spectral characteristic curve of the energy-saving window calculated using the above-mentioned energy-saving window spectral characteristic curve calculation method) were selected. The thermal parameters of the three types of glass are shown in Table 1.

[0087] Table 1 Comparison of thermal parameters of Low-E glass and the energy-saving glass used in this invention

[0088] The spectral characteristic curves of white glass in the 300nm~2500nm band are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the absorptivity in the 2500nm~25000nm band is 0.84, the transmittance is 0, and the reflectance is 0.16.

[0089] The spectral characteristic curves of a single-layer Low-E glass in the 300nm~2500nm band are shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the absorptivity is 0.20, the transmittance is 0, and the reflectance is 0.80 in the 2500nm~25000nm band.

[0090] The spectral characteristic curves of the energy-saving glass used in this invention in the 300nm~2500nm band are as follows: Figure 4 As shown (where the absorption ratio α) λi =1-reflectance R λi -Transmission ratio τ λi ,exist Figure 4 The absorptivity is not shown separately in the image, but the absorptivity α in the 2500nm~25000nm band is... λi =0, transmittance τ λi =0, reflectance R λi It is 1.0.

[0091] Then follow Figure 2 For the building shown, a building simulation model was established. The spectral characteristic curves of the three types of glass were used as input conditions for south-facing windows and input into a yearly dynamic energy consumption simulation software, such as Energy Plus, for annual energy consumption calculation and analysis. All parameters in the simulation software, except for the window spectral characteristic curves, including but not limited to (building dimensions, meteorological data, wall thermal parameters, cold air infiltration parameters, etc.), remained consistent. The results of the three simulations are as follows: Figure 6As shown, the energy-saving glass used in this invention has the lowest overall energy consumption for air conditioning and lighting throughout the year. Compared to buildings using Low-E glass, the energy saving rate reaches 16.7%.

[0092] In addition, to compare the energy-saving performance of windows, we selected single-layer Low-E glass commonly used in buildings and near-ideal spectral glass that is currently the closest to the spectral characteristic curve of this invention (i.e., the optimal spectral characteristic curve of energy-saving windows calculated using the above-mentioned energy-saving window spectral characteristic curve calculation method). The thermal parameters of the two types of glass are shown in Table 2.

[0093] Table 2 Comparison of thermal parameters of Low-E glass and the energy-saving glass used in this invention

[0094] The spectral characteristic curves of the near-ideal spectral glass in the 300nm~2500nm band used in this invention are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the absorption ratio α in the 2500nm~25000nm band... λi The transmittance τ is 0.15. λi =0, reflectance R λi The value is 0.85, which is very close to the optimal spectral characteristic curve of the energy-saving window calculated by this invention in the 2500nm~25000nm wavelength range.

[0095] Single-layer Low-E glass and near-ideal spectral glass were respectively mounted on two identical scaled-down architectural test benches, such as... Figure 8 As shown. The test bench was equipped with air conditioning and lighting, and the building's energy consumption was measured throughout the year according to the actual operating conditions of the building, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the energy efficiency of air conditioning and lighting in buildings using near-ideal spectrum glass is 11.9% higher than that of buildings using Low-E glass.

[0096] Example 3 A system for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window, employing any of the aforementioned methods for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window.

[0097] Example 4 A computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform any of the energy-saving window spectral characteristic curve calculation methods described above.

[0098] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: satisfying τ λi +R λi +α λi Based on λ = 1, the glass transmittance of the reference glass at wavelength λ is... τ λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi After iterating through the entire spectrum, the wavelength λ is found to be within the radiation band. i Step size; Based on the obtained glass transmittance, reflectance, and absorptance data curves, Calculate the solar radiation heat gain during the heating and cooling seasons respectively. Q HSi and Q CSi ; Calculate the heat gain from long-wave radiation during the heating and cooling seasons respectively. Q Hεi and Q Cεi ; Calculate annual air conditioning energy consumption due to windows W ACi ; Calculate the energy savings from artificial lighting for building solar visible light illumination throughout the year. W Li ; Calculate the total annual energy consumption of air conditioning and lighting caused by windows facing the corresponding orientation of the building. W i , W i = W ACi - W Li ; S2: Iterate through all glass transmittance ratios τ λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi Then, the overall energy consumption at wavelength λ was obtained. W i minimum transmittance τ λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi The optimal spectral characteristic parameters of the glass at wavelength λ were determined. S3: λ = λ + Δλ, Repeat steps S1-S2 for wavelength intervals; S4: After traversing the radiation band range, the optimal spectral characteristic parameters of the above different wavelengths are fitted into a band-based continuous curve to obtain the optimal spectral characteristic curve of the building corresponding to the window orientation.

2. The method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the wavelength range of the radiation band is 300nm~25000nm.

3. The method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S1, during the traversal process, the full-band spectral characteristic parameters of the glass are the reference glass parameters, where the transmittance τ at wavelength λ is... λi Reflectance R λi and absorption ratio α λi Replace it with the data from this iteration.

4. The method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, The solar radiation heat gain during the heating and cooling seasons is calculated using a dynamic calculation method throughout the year. Q HSi and Q CSi ; The heat gain from long-wave radiation during the heating and cooling seasons is calculated using a dynamic calculation method throughout the year. Q Hεi and Q Cεi ; The energy savings from artificial lighting due to annual building solar visible light illumination were calculated using a dynamic annual calculation method. W Li .

5. The method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, In the formula: Q HSi The heat gained from solar radiation during the heating season. Q CSi This refers to the heat gained from solar radiation during the cooling period. To allow heat to gradually enter the room through the windows. This refers to the heat that is absorbed by the window hourly and then transferred into the room via secondary heat transfer. The intensity of sunlight radiation on the window surface. This represents the relative spectral distribution of solar radiation. h i The indoor convective heat transfer coefficient is... h e The outdoor convective heat transfer coefficient is denoted as .

6. The method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, In the formula: Q Hεi The heat gained by long-wave radiation from the glass during the heating season. Q Cεi This refers to the heat gained by long-wave radiation from the glass during the cooling period. To obtain heat from long-wave radiation of the glass hourly, For the long-wave emissivity of glass, The Stefan-Boltzmann constant is... Indoor air temperature, The inner surface temperature of the glass. n Longwave radiative emissivity The number of wavelengths uniformly selected in the mid- and far-infrared band during the calculation.

7. The method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window according to claim 6, characterized in that, inner surface temperature of glass and the outer surface temperature of the glass It was obtained by solving a system of simultaneous equations. In the formula: d The thermal conductivity of glass, For glass thickness, .

8. A method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, W ACi = + ) / COP C - ( + ) / COP H In the formula: COP C The energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration system during the cooling season. COP H The energy efficiency ratio of the heating system during the heating season; W Li = W LD - W LS In the formula: W LD This refers to the energy consumption for artificial lighting required when the building receives no natural outdoor sunlight throughout the year. W LS This refers to the energy consumption of artificial lighting required for windows facing the corresponding orientation under normal natural lighting conditions throughout the year. In the formula: For interior design lighting, The overall luminous efficacy of the selected lighting fixtures, This represents the transmitted luminous flux in the visible light band during solar irradiation. The intensity of sunlight radiation on the window surface. To improve the spectral light efficiency of the visual field.

9. A system for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of an energy-saving window, characterized in that, The method for calculating the spectral characteristic curve of energy-saving windows as described in any one of claims 1-8 is adopted.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The system includes a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the energy-saving window spectral characteristic curve calculation method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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