Power transformer winding insulation protection device with temperature sensing monitoring and assembling method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power transformer technology, specifically to a power transformer winding insulation protection device and assembly method integrating temperature sensing monitoring. The device includes a housing with a protection assembly located in the middle of the housing wall. The protection assembly includes a fixed tube and a piston plate. A movable plate is connected inside the fixed tube, and the movable plate and piston plate are connected by several springs. An adjusting rod is connected inside the fixed tube. The top of the housing has an exhaust structure, including two symmetrically fixed air pipes on the left and right sides of the top of the housing. Air pipe caps are hinged to the bottom of the air pipes, and a float is fixed to the center of the bottom surface of the air pipe caps to control their rotation and closure. The air pipe caps and piston plates are connected by a cable. By incorporating the protection assembly, when an electric arc is generated, the piston plate slides forward, allowing insulating oil to flow out and release pressure. The exhaust structure, while the piston plate moves to release pressure, simultaneously opens the air pipes to discharge gas, further relieving pressure and ensuring the safe operation of the transformer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power transformer technology, specifically a power transformer winding insulation protection device and assembly method that integrates temperature sensing and monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Power transformers are essential infrastructure equipment in power systems, generally divided into current transformers and voltage transformers, both essentially transformers based on electromagnetic induction. In some high-voltage power systems, voltage and current are difficult to measure directly. By installing power transformers in the circuit, high voltage and current can be converted into measurable values ​​by existing instruments for detection, while also providing relay protection. To ensure insulation and reduce air requirements, existing power transformers are typically filled internally with materials, such as epoxy resin, insulating oil, or SF6 gas. Oil-immersed transformers, in particular, are widely used because they not only meet insulation requirements but also effectively dissipate heat and cool the internal components.

[0003] For example, the invention application with publication number CN120497000A discloses a graded explosion-proof structure, an oil tank, and an oil-immersed current transformer in the field of current transformers. The graded explosion-proof structure includes a pressure relief port installed on the corresponding equipment. A base is provided on the outside of the pressure relief port. Explosion-proof plates and nozzle containment plates are installed sequentially from the inside to the outside of the base. The number of explosion-proof plates is at least two. A magnetic adsorption baffle is provided between the explosion-proof plates and the nozzle containment plate or between the explosion-proof plates. A spray gap is provided on the inner side of the nozzle containment plate.

[0004] Based on the above cases and actual results, we found the following problems: When an electric arc occurs inside an oil-immersed instrument transformer, the high temperature inside the transformer not only causes the insulating oil to expand, but also causes the insulating oil to decompose and produce gas, leading to deformation of the instrument transformer. In severe cases, it may even explode. The device in the above cases, by setting explosion-proof plates to prevent fragments from flying after the explosion, has a poor effect on reducing the probability of deformation and explosion itself. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a power transformer winding insulation protection device and assembly method that integrates temperature sensing and monitoring. By setting up a protection component, when an electric arc is generated, the piston plate slides forward to allow the insulating oil to flow out and relieve pressure. By setting up an exhaust structure, while the piston plate moves to relieve pressure, the gas pipe is opened to discharge gas, further relieving pressure and ensuring the safe use of the transformer, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing and monitoring, comprising a housing, wherein a protective component is provided in the middle of the front side wall of the housing to prevent the housing from deforming due to heat, the protective component includes a fixed tube and a piston plate slidably connected to the rear end of the fixed tube, a movable plate slidably connected to the front end of the fixed tube, the movable plate and the piston plate being connected by a plurality of springs, and an adjusting rod coaxially rotatably connected in the fixed tube to adjust the position of the movable plate and thereby change the threshold of the pressure required for the piston plate to slide.

[0007] The top of the enclosure is provided with an exhaust structure for discharging the gas generated by the decomposition of insulating oil. The exhaust structure includes two air pipes symmetrically fixed to the top of the enclosure. The bottom end of each air pipe is hinged with an air pipe cover. A float ball is fixed in the middle of the bottom surface of the air pipe cover to control the rotation and closing of the air pipe cover. The air pipe cover and the piston plate are connected by a cable drive.

[0008] In this design, considering that existing power transformers typically use internal filling materials to reduce insulation and air requirements, such as directly pouring epoxy resin inside the transformer, introducing insulating oil, or filling with SF6 gas, oil-immersed transformers are widely used because they not only meet insulation requirements but also effectively dissipate heat and cool the transformer's interior. However, when an electric arc occurs inside an oil-immersed transformer, the high internal temperature causes the insulating oil to expand and decompose, generating gas, which can lead to transformer deformation and, in severe cases, explosion. Therefore, this invention incorporates a protective component. When an electric arc occurs, the piston plate slides forward, allowing the insulating oil to flow out and release pressure. By setting up an exhaust structure, the gas pipe is opened to release gas as the piston plate moves to release pressure, further relieving pressure and ensuring the safe operation of the transformer.

[0009] In the technical solution of the present invention, the top surface of the outer box is fixed with terminals on both the left and right sides, the middle of the inner box is fixed with an iron core, and a primary winding and a secondary winding are respectively sleeved on the upper part of the iron core from the outside to the inside. The primary winding and the secondary winding are electrically connected to the terminals. The right side wall of the box is provided with an oil inlet for injecting insulating oil.

[0010] This feature includes an oil inlet to facilitate the introduction of insulating oil into the enclosure.

[0011] In the technical solution of the present invention, the rear end of the fixed tube is connected to the inside of the box, the front half of the fixed tube has a large diameter and the rear half has a small diameter, and the diameter of the piston plate is the same as the diameter of the rear half of the fixed tube.

[0012] In this setup, by setting the diameter of the first half of the fixed tube to be larger and the diameter of the second half to be smaller, when the piston plate moves forward into the first half of the fixed tube, the diameter of the piston plate is smaller than the diameter of the first half of the fixed tube, and a gap will appear between the two. The insulating oil will then flow out from the gap into the first half of the fixed tube, thereby relieving pressure and protecting the entire device.

[0013] In the technical solution of the present invention, the movable plate is disposed in the front half of the fixed tube, and a plurality of horizontal limiting rods are fixed in a ring shape in the front half of the fixed tube. The limiting rods pass through the movable plate and the two are slidably connected.

[0014] In this setting, a limit rod is used to prevent the movable plate from rotating, thus preventing the adjusting rod from causing the movable plate to rotate synchronously and making it impossible to adjust the position of the movable plate.

[0015] In the technical solution of the present invention, the front end of the adjusting rod passes through the front end face of the fixed tube and the two are rotatably connected, and the rear end of the adjusting rod passes through the movable plate and the two are threadedly connected.

[0016] In this setting, by setting an adjusting rod, when the adjusting rod is rotated, the movable plate will move back and forth through the thread to adjust the position and change the deformation of the spring.

[0017] In the technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of rod sleeves are fixed on the rear side wall of the movable plate in a ring distribution, and a plurality of sliding rods corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of rod sleeves are fixed on the front side wall of the piston plate. The front end of the sliding rod is slidably connected inside the rod sleeve, and a plurality of springs are respectively distributed between the front end of the sliding rod and the corresponding front inner wall of the rod sleeve.

[0018] In this setup, by using a sleeve and a slide bar, the piston plate is supported while its rotation is restricted, thus maintaining stability during sliding.

[0019] In the technical solution of the present invention, the bottom end of the air tube is connected to the inside of the box and the top end protrudes from the top surface of the box. A connecting rod is fixedly connected between the two floats on the left and right sides. The connecting rod is a hollow rod. One end of the cable is connected to the middle of the outer wall of the piston plate and the other end is connected to the middle section of the connecting rod. The area of ​​the piston plate is greater than the sum of the areas of the two air tube covers.

[0020] In this configuration, the area of ​​the piston plate is set to be greater than the sum of the areas of the two air pipe covers. This ensures that when the pressure in the chamber increases, the forward thrust on the piston plate is greater than the upward pressure exerted on the air pipe cover by the insulating oil and gas. This allows the piston plate to slide inward and pull the air pipe cover to rotate clockwise and open.

[0021] In the technical solution of the present invention, a hinge seat is fixed to the bottom of the outer wall of the trachea, and a hinge rod corresponding to the hinge seat is fixed to the edge of the trachea cover. The hinge rod is coaxially rotatably connected in the corresponding hinge seat. A torsion spring is sleeved in the middle of the outer wall of the hinge rod. The inner end of the torsion spring is fixed to the outer wall of the hinge rod, and the outer end is in a free state.

[0022] In the technical solution of the present invention, the hinge seat is provided with a mounting cavity for mounting the torsion spring. A hook plate is fixed on the outer inner wall of the mounting cavity. The position of the inner end of the hook plate extends outward and corresponds to the position of the straight part of the outer end of the torsion spring. The phase difference between the straight part of the torsion spring and the hook plate is 60°.

[0023] In this setup, a torsion spring and a hook plate are used to prevent the air pipe cover from overturning when insulating oil is not being introduced. This would prevent the air pipe cover from rotating clockwise instead of counterclockwise under the influence of buoyancy after the insulating oil is introduced, thus preventing the air pipe cover from sealing the air pipe. After the cable pulls the air pipe cover to rotate clockwise, the torsion spring can still drive the air pipe cover to rotate back to an angle of less than 60° with the air pipe, ensuring that the air pipe can still be sealed during subsequent use.

[0024] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an assembly method for a power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing and monitoring, which includes the following steps:

[0025] S1. Before assembly, adjust the initial pressure value of the piston plate according to the actual situation. Rotate the adjusting rod to drive the movable plate to slide along the limit rod to change the deformation of the spring, thereby changing the initial pressure value of the piston plate to adapt to the protection requirements under different conditions.

[0026] S2. After the adjustment is completed, fix the iron core in the box, then wind the secondary winding and the primary winding in sequence around the corresponding positions of the iron core, then seal the box and fill the box with insulating oil from the oil inlet.

[0027] S3. When the insulating oil level rises to contact the float, it will cause the float to rise and cause the air tube cover to rotate counterclockwise to close the air tube.

[0028] S4. When an electric arc is generated inside the box, the insulating oil is heated and decomposed to produce gas, which causes the pressure inside the box to rise rapidly. At this time, the pressure on the rear wall of the piston plate is greater than the sum of the spring forces of all the springs, which will push the piston plate forward to the front half of the fixed tube. At this time, the insulating oil will enter the front half of the fixed tube and release the pressure.

[0029] S5. As the piston plate moves forward, the cable pulls the air pipe cover to rotate clockwise and open the air pipe. Excess gas and a small amount of insulating oil will enter the air pipe, further depressurizing and thus protecting the entire device.

[0030] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] 1. In this invention, by setting a fixed tube and a piston plate, when an electric arc is generated inside the box, the insulating oil is heated and decomposed to generate gas, causing the pressure inside the box to rise rapidly. At this time, the pressure on the rear side wall of the piston plate is greater than the sum of the elastic forces of all the springs, which will push the piston plate forward to the front half of the fixed tube. At this time, the insulating oil will enter the front half of the fixed tube and release the pressure, thereby protecting the safe use of the entire device.

[0032] 2. In this invention, by setting an adjusting rod, the initial pressure value of the piston plate can be adjusted according to the actual situation before assembly. Rotating the adjusting rod causes the movable plate to slide along the limiting rod, thereby changing the deformation of the spring and thus changing the initial pressure value of the piston plate to adapt to the protection requirements under different conditions and improve the applicability.

[0033] 3. In this invention, by setting up an exhaust structure, when an electric arc is generated inside the box, the piston plate moves forward and pulls the air pipe cover clockwise to open the air pipe. Excess gas and a small amount of insulating oil will enter the air pipe, further relieving pressure and thus protecting the safety of the entire device. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the box body from another perspective in this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protective components in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed tube in this invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the adjusting rod, movable plate, and piston plate in this invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a sectional view of the rod sleeve in this invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust structure in this invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the trachea cover in this invention;

[0043] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0045] 100. Housing; 101. Terminal; 102. Iron core; 103. Primary winding; 104. Secondary winding; 105. Oil inlet;

[0046] 200. Protective component; 201. Fixing tube; 202. Piston plate; 203. Adjusting rod; 204. Movable plate; 2041. Limiting rod; 205. Rod sleeve; 206. Slide rod; 207. Spring; 210. Exhaust structure; 211. Air pipe; 2111. Hinge seat; 2112. Hook plate; 212. Air pipe cover; 2121. Hinge rod; 2122. Torsion spring; 213. Float; 214. Connecting rod; 215. Cable. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0048] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout this specification, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0049] Reference Figures 1-10 As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution:

[0050] The power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing and monitoring includes a housing 100. A protection component 200 is provided on the front wall of the housing 100 near the middle. In power transformers, insulating oil is usually filled inside to protect internal components. However, when an electric arc occurs inside, the insulating oil will decompose due to heat, usually producing a large amount of gas, which can cause the housing 100 to deform or even explode, affecting the safety of use. Therefore, by setting up the protection component 200, the deformation or explosion of the housing 100 can be prevented, thereby protecting the entire device. At the same time, a temperature sensing and monitoring device for monitoring the internal temperature is installed inside the housing 100. This is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] Specifically, the protection component 200 includes a fixed tube 201 and a piston plate 202 slidably connected to the rear end of the fixed tube 201. A movable plate 204 is slidably connected to the front end of the fixed tube 201. The movable plate 204 and the piston plate 202 are connected by a number of springs 207. An adjusting rod 203 is coaxially rotatably connected to the fixed tube 201.

[0052] By setting up piston plate 202, when an electric arc occurs inside the housing 100, the insulating oil decomposes due to heat, generating gas that rapidly increases the pressure inside the housing 100. At this time, the pressure on the rear wall of piston plate 202 is greater than the sum of the elastic forces of all springs 207, which pushes piston plate 202 forward to the front half of fixed tube 201, thus releasing pressure. By setting up adjusting rod 203, the position of movable plate 204 can be adjusted to change the threshold of pressure required for piston plate 202 to slide, adapting to different usage conditions. For example, when used in high-temperature or high-load environments, the internal temperature of the entire device is high, and the insulating oil itself will expand due to heat. If the threshold of pressure required for piston plate 202 to slide is changed too much, it will not be able to adapt to the thermal expansion of the insulating oil, creating potential safety hazards.

[0053] The top of the housing 100 is equipped with an exhaust structure 210 for discharging the gas generated by the decomposition of insulating oil. The exhaust structure 210 includes two symmetrically fixed air pipes 211 on the left and right sides of the top of the housing 100. Air pipe caps 212 are hinged to the bottom ends of the air pipes 211. A float 213 is fixed to the center of the bottom surface of the air pipe cap 212 to control its rotation and closure. The air pipe caps 212 and the piston plate 202 are connected by a cable 215. By setting up the exhaust structure 210, when the piston plate 202 moves forward, the cable 215 pulls the air pipe cap 212 to rotate clockwise, opening the air pipes 211. Excess gas and a small amount of insulating oil will enter the air pipes 211, further relieving pressure and protecting the entire device.

[0054] Please see Figures 1-3 As shown, terminals 101 are fixed to the left and right ends of the top surface of the housing 100. An iron core 102 is fixed to the center of the housing 100. A primary winding 103 and a secondary winding 104 are respectively fitted onto the upper part of the iron core 102 from the outside to the inside. The primary winding 103 and the secondary winding 104 are electrically connected to the terminals 101. An oil inlet 105 for filling with insulating oil is provided on the right side wall of the housing 100. It should be noted that this device is a voltage transformer. The primary winding 103 is connected to the high-voltage end through the corresponding terminal 101, and the secondary winding 104 is connected to the low-voltage end through the corresponding terminal 101 and connected to the instrument. This is existing technology for voltage transformers and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0055] Please see Figures 3-5As shown, the rear end of the fixed tube 201 is connected to the interior of the housing 100. The front half of the fixed tube 201 has a larger diameter than the rear half, and the piston plate 202 has the same diameter as the rear half of the fixed tube 201. When the piston plate 202 moves forward into the front half of the fixed tube 201, its diameter is smaller than that of the front half, creating a gap. Insulating oil then flows out through this gap into the front half of the fixed tube 201, thus relieving pressure and protecting the entire device. It should be noted that the front end of the fixed tube 201 is closed, and an oil outlet is provided on its side wall to facilitate the discharge of the incoming insulating oil (not shown in the figure).

[0056] Please see Figures 5-7 As shown, the movable plate 204 is disposed within the front half of the fixed tube 201. Several horizontally positioned limiting rods 2041 are fixed in a ring within the front half of the fixed tube 201. The limiting rods 2041 penetrate the movable plate 204 and are slidably connected to it. The limiting rods 2041 prevent the movable plate 204 from rotating, thus avoiding the adjusting rod 203 from causing the movable plate 204 to rotate synchronously and preventing the position of the movable plate 204 from being adjusted.

[0057] Furthermore, the front end of the adjusting rod 203 extends through the front end face of the fixed tube 201 and the two are rotatably connected, while the rear end of the adjusting rod 203 passes through the movable plate 204 and the two are threadedly connected. By setting the adjusting rod 203, when the adjusting rod 203 is rotated, the movable plate 204 will be moved back and forth through the thread to adjust its position, thereby changing the deformation of the spring 207.

[0058] In addition, a number of rod sleeves 205 arranged in a ring are fixed to the rear side wall of the movable plate 204, and a number of sliding rods 206 corresponding to the rod sleeves 205 are fixed to the front side wall of the piston plate 202. The front end of the sliding rod 206 is slidably connected to the inside of the rod sleeve 205, and a number of springs 207 are distributed between the front end of the sliding rod 206 and the corresponding front inner wall of the rod sleeve 205. By setting the rod sleeves 205 and the sliding rods 206, the piston plate 202 is supported while its rotation is restricted, maintaining the stability of the piston plate 202 when sliding. In addition, it should be noted that the rear end of the rod sleeve 205 is located at the front end of the diameter change of the fixed tube 201, so that the piston plate 202 can enter the front half of the fixed tube 201 when sliding forward without being blocked by the rod sleeve 205.

[0059] Please see Figure 4 as well as Figures 8-10As shown, the bottom end of the air pipe 211 is connected to the interior of the housing 100, and the top end protrudes from the top surface of the housing 100. A connecting rod 214 is fixedly connected between the two floats 213 on the left and right sides. The connecting rod 214 is a hollow rod, which can reduce gravity to ensure that the insulating oil drives the floats 213 to float and drive the air pipe cover 212 to rotate counterclockwise to close. One end of the cable 215 is connected to the middle of the outer wall of the piston plate 202, and the other end is connected to the middle section of the connecting rod 214. The area of ​​the piston plate 202 is larger than the sum of the areas of the two air pipe covers 212, so as to ensure that when the pressure of the housing 100 increases, the forward thrust on the piston plate 202 is greater than the upward pressure exerted on the air pipe cover 212 by the insulating oil and gas, so that the piston plate 202 can slide inward and pull the air pipe cover 212 to rotate clockwise to open.

[0060] Additionally, a hinge seat 2111 is fixed to the bottom of the outer wall of the trachea 211, and a hinge rod 2121 corresponding to the hinge seat 2111 is fixed to the edge of the trachea cover 212. The hinge rod 2121 is coaxially rotatably connected to the corresponding hinge seat 2111. A torsion spring 2122 is sleeved in the middle of the outer wall of the hinge rod 2121. The inner end of the torsion spring 2122 is fixed to the outer wall of the hinge rod 2121, while the outer end is in a free state. The hinge seat 2111 has a mounting cavity for mounting the torsion spring 2122. A hook plate 2112 is fixed to the inner wall of the outer side of the mounting cavity. The position of the inner end of the hook plate 2112 extends corresponding to the position of the straight portion of the outer end of the torsion spring 2122. The phase difference between the straight portion of the torsion spring 2122 and the hook plate 2112 is 60°.

[0061] By setting a torsion spring 2122 and a hook plate 2112, when no insulating oil is introduced, the air pipe cover 212 automatically droops under the action of gravity, and the hook plate 2112 hooks the straight part of the torsion spring 2122 so that the angle between the air pipe cover 212 and the bottom end face of the air pipe 211 is at most 60°. This prevents the air pipe cover 212 from overturning, so that the angle between the air pipe cover 212 and the bottom end face of the air pipe 211 is greater than or equal to 90°. As a result, after the insulating oil is introduced, the air pipe cover 212 rotates clockwise under the action of buoyancy instead of counterclockwise, which prevents the air pipe cover 212 from sealing the air pipe 211. When the cable 215 pulls the trachea cover 212 to rotate clockwise and open the trachea 211, the torsion spring 2122 can still drive the trachea cover 212 to rotate again until the angle between the trachea cover 212 and the bottom end face of the trachea 211 is less than 60°, so as to ensure that the trachea 211 can be closed in subsequent use.

[0062] It should be noted that all structures in this invention are made of insulating and high-temperature resistant materials, such as high-temperature resistant epoxy resin or polyether ether ketone. In addition, spring 207 and torsion spring 2122 in this invention are both composed of internal metal and external ceramic insulating coating.

[0063] The assembly method of the power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing monitoring in this invention, using the aforementioned power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing monitoring, includes the following steps:

[0064] S1. Before assembly, adjust the initial pressure value of piston plate 202 according to the actual situation. Rotate the adjusting rod 203 to drive the movable plate 204 to slide along the limiting rod 2041 to change the deformation of spring 207, thereby changing the initial pressure value of piston plate 202 to adapt to the protection requirements under different conditions.

[0065] S2. After the adjustment is completed, fix the iron core 102 inside the box 100, and then wind the secondary winding 104 and the primary winding 103 in sequence around the corresponding positions of the iron core 102. After that, close the box 100 and fill the box 100 with insulating oil through the oil inlet 105.

[0066] S3. When the level of insulating oil rises to contact the float 213, it will cause the float 213 to rise and cause the air pipe cover 212 to rotate counterclockwise to close the air pipe 211.

[0067] S4. When an electric arc is generated inside the housing 100, the insulating oil is heated and decomposed to produce gas, causing the pressure inside the housing 100 to rise rapidly. At this time, the pressure on the rear side wall of the piston plate 202 is greater than the sum of the elastic forces of all the springs 207, which will push the piston plate 202 forward to the front half of the fixed tube 201. At this time, the insulating oil will enter the front half of the fixed tube 201 and release the pressure.

[0068] S5. As the piston plate 202 moves forward, the cable 215 pulls the air pipe cover 212 to rotate clockwise and open the air pipe 211. Excess gas and a small amount of insulating oil will enter the air pipe 211, further relieving pressure and thus protecting the entire device.

[0069] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the specification and its equivalents.

Claims

1. A power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing and monitoring, comprising a housing, characterized in that: The front wall of the box is provided with a protective component to prevent the box from deforming due to heat. The protective component includes a fixed tube and a piston plate that is slidably connected to the rear end of the fixed tube. A movable plate is slidably connected to the front end of the fixed tube. The movable plate and the piston plate are connected by a number of springs. An adjusting rod is rotatably connected to the fixed tube to adjust the position of the movable plate and thus change the threshold of the pressure required for the piston plate to slide. The top of the enclosure is provided with an exhaust structure for discharging the gas generated by the decomposition of insulating oil. The exhaust structure includes two air pipes symmetrically fixed to the top of the enclosure. The bottom end of each air pipe is hinged with an air pipe cover. A float ball is fixed in the middle of the bottom surface of the air pipe cover to control the rotation and closing of the air pipe cover. The air pipe cover and the piston plate are connected by a cable drive.

2. The power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the enclosure is fixed with terminals on both the left and right sides. An iron core is fixed in the middle of the enclosure. A primary winding and a secondary winding are respectively fitted on the upper part of the iron core from the outside to the inside. The primary winding and the secondary winding are electrically connected to the terminals. An oil inlet for filling insulating oil is provided on the right side wall of the enclosure.

3. The power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing monitoring as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The rear end of the fixed tube is connected to the inside of the box. The front half of the fixed tube has a larger diameter and the rear half has a smaller diameter. The diameter of the piston plate is the same as the diameter of the rear half of the fixed tube.

4. The power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing monitoring as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The movable plate is disposed in the front half of the fixed tube, and a number of horizontal limiting rods are fixed in a ring shape in the front half of the fixed tube. The limiting rods pass through the movable plate and the two are slidably connected.

5. The power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing and monitoring as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The front end of the adjusting rod extends through the front end face of the fixed tube and the two are rotatably connected; the rear end of the adjusting rod passes through the movable plate and the two are threadedly connected.

6. The power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing monitoring as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The rear sidewall of the movable plate is fixed with a plurality of rod sleeves arranged in a ring, and the front sidewall of the piston plate is fixed with a plurality of sliding rods corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of rod sleeves. The front end of the sliding rod is slidably connected inside the rod sleeve, and the plurality of springs are respectively distributed between the front end of the sliding rod and the corresponding front inner wall of the rod sleeve.

7. The power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing monitoring as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom end of the trachea is connected to the inside of the box, and the top end protrudes from the top surface of the box. A connecting rod is fixedly connected between the two floats on the left and right sides. The connecting rod is a hollow rod. One end of the cable is connected to the middle of the outer wall of the piston plate, and the other end is connected to the middle section of the connecting rod. The area of ​​the piston plate is greater than the sum of the areas of the two trachea covers.

8. The power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing monitoring as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A hinge seat is fixed to the bottom of the outer wall of the trachea, and a hinge rod corresponding to the hinge seat is fixed to the edge of the trachea cover. The hinge rod is coaxially rotatably connected to the corresponding hinge seat. A torsion spring is sleeved in the middle of the outer wall of the hinge rod. The inner end of the torsion spring is fixed to the outer wall of the hinge rod, and the outer end is in a free state.

9. The power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing monitoring as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The hinge seat has a mounting cavity for mounting the torsion spring. A hook plate is fixed to the outer inner wall of the mounting cavity. The position of the inner end of the hook plate corresponds to the position of the straight part of the outer end of the torsion spring. The phase difference between the straight part of the torsion spring and the hook plate is 60°.

10. An assembly method for a power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing monitoring, comprising the power transformer winding insulation protection device integrating temperature sensing monitoring as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Before assembly, adjust the initial pressure value of the piston plate according to the actual situation. Rotate the adjusting rod to drive the movable plate to slide along the limit rod to change the deformation of the spring, thereby changing the initial pressure value of the piston plate to adapt to the protection requirements under different conditions. S2. After the adjustment is completed, fix the iron core in the box, then wind the secondary winding and the primary winding in sequence around the corresponding positions of the iron core, then seal the box and fill the box with insulating oil from the oil inlet. S3. When the insulating oil level rises to contact the float, it will cause the float to rise and cause the air pipe cover to rotate counterclockwise to close the air pipe. S4. When an electric arc is generated inside the box, the insulating oil is heated and decomposed to produce gas, which causes the pressure inside the box to rise rapidly. At this time, the pressure on the rear wall of the piston plate is greater than the sum of the spring forces of all the springs, which will push the piston plate forward to the front half of the fixed tube. At this time, the insulating oil will enter the front half of the fixed tube and release the pressure. S5. As the piston plate moves forward, the cable pulls the air pipe cover to rotate clockwise and open the air pipe. Excess gas and a small amount of insulating oil will enter the air pipe, further depressurizing and thus protecting the entire device.

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