An integrated micro-channel heat pipe heat dissipation system for an electric fork truck

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts, relating to the field of battery cooling equipment. It solves the technical problem of low space utilization in existing technologies, which struggle to organically integrate the excellent thermal conductivity of microchannel heat pipes with the spatial layout of electric forklift battery compartments and multiple battery modules. The invention includes: a protective housing for housing battery modules; multiple heat dissipation partitions within the protective housing, each partition containing a heat dissipation microchannel, with its upper end penetrating the protective housing, and battery modules positioned between adjacent heat dissipation partitions; a condensing plate and an evaporating plate, respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the heat dissipation partitions; and an air-cooling component positioned above the condensing plate. This invention offers advantages such as high heat dissipation efficiency and effective integration of the battery compartment with the cooling structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of battery heat dissipation equipment, specifically relating to an integrated microchannel heat pipe heat dissipation system for electric forklifts. Background Technology

[0002] Electric forklifts, with their advantages of being pollution-free and low-noise, are widely used in warehousing, logistics, and manufacturing industries. Their core power source is typically a lithium battery pack. Under typical operating conditions such as frequent start-stop and heavy-duty handling, the battery continuously generates a large amount of heat. If the heat generated by the battery itself cannot be quickly dissipated, the radiant heat generated by other components of the forklift will also exacerbate the heat accumulation in the battery compartment. This heat accumulation causes the battery pack temperature to rise sharply, easily triggering the high-temperature protection mechanism of the lithium battery, thus forcing the vehicle to reduce power or stop working, severely impacting operational efficiency. High-temperature environments also drastically reduce the lifespan of lithium batteries. To solve the heat dissipation problem of high heat flux density in electronic devices, microchannel heat pipe technology, due to its extremely high thermal conductivity and excellent temperature uniformity, has become an effective thermal management solution. Through the phase change cycle of the internal working fluid, it can quickly conduct heat from the heat source to distant locations.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies consider applying heat pipes to battery heat dissipation. For example, the invention patent "Heat Pipe, Heat Dissipation Plate and Battery" (publication number CN121035456A) attaches heat pipes to the surface of battery modules. However, in the specific application scenario of electric forklifts, this conventional arrangement has significant limitations: firstly, simple attachment is difficult to integrate efficiently and compactly with the housing structure that requires overall sealing and protection; secondly, for multiple battery modules distributed inside the housing, how to construct a systematic heat dissipation architecture to achieve balanced heat dissipation of all battery cells while cooling the tabs that generate high heat flow in localized areas remains a key technical bottleneck that urgently needs to be overcome in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention discloses an integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts, which aims to solve the technical problem of low space utilization caused by the difficulty in organically combining the excellent thermal conductivity of microchannel heat pipes with the spatial layout of electric forklift battery compartments and multi-battery modules.

[0005] To solve the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts includes:

[0007] A protective enclosure, the inside of which is used to house the battery module;

[0008] The protective housing contains a plurality of heat dissipation partitions, each containing a heat dissipation microchannel. The upper end of each heat dissipation partition extends through the protective housing, and the battery module is disposed between two adjacent heat dissipation partitions.

[0009] A condenser plate and an evaporator plate are respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the heat dissipation partition;

[0010] An air-cooled assembly is disposed above the condenser plate.

[0011] In this invention, the battery module is enclosed in a protective enclosure, which provides the necessary dustproof, waterproof, and mechanical shock-resistant structure. Heat dissipation baffles divide the enclosure into multiple battery storage areas, essentially creating multiple parallel, independent chambers. The battery module is vertically positioned between two heat dissipation baffles, ensuring close contact between its two sides and the baffles. This layout maximizes the effective contact area between the battery and the cooling system, promoting efficient heat dissipation. Therefore, in this invention, the heat transfer path is sequentially: battery module, heat dissipation baffle, condenser plate, and evaporator plate, finally being carried away by an air-cooling component, forming a closed phase-change heat dissipation network.

[0012] Furthermore, in this invention, the heat dissipation partition, evaporation plate, and condensation plate are directly used as part of the internal load-bearing, partitioning, and protective structure of the battery module. The heat dissipation partition itself is a physical partition between battery modules, the evaporation plate forms the bottom plate of the protective box or is closely attached to the bottom plate, and the condensation plate can serve as the top cover of the protective box. This integrated design maximizes the volume utilization of the entire battery module and meets the strict requirements of electric forklifts for compact battery compartment space and strong heat dissipation.

[0013] Preferably, the device also includes heat dissipation fins, and the condenser plate is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins, with the air-cooling assembly disposed on the heat dissipation fins.

[0014] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that the purpose of the heat dissipation fins is to increase the heat dissipation surface area of ​​the condenser plate. The heat is absorbed from the heat dissipation fins by the operation of the air-cooling components, and air flow is formed in the heat dissipation fins, thereby accelerating the heat loss at the condenser plate and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0015] Preferably, the battery module also includes a tab evaporator, which is located at the lower end of the condenser plate and communicates with the condenser plate, and is placed on the tab of the battery module.

[0016] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that the tabs are the metal conductive electrodes of the positive and negative terminals of the battery. All the current generated by the entire battery during charging and discharging must flow through the tabs, which have a relatively small cross-sectional area. This causes heat to concentrate at the tabs. Therefore, the heat generated at the tabs is conducted out by contacting the tab evaporator tubes. The heat conduction principle is the same as the heat dissipation principle of the heat dissipation microchannels inside the heat dissipation separator for the battery module. The heat is guided to the condenser plate through the tab evaporator tubes, and finally cooled down by the combined action of the heat dissipation fins and the air-cooling components.

[0017] Preferably, the heat dissipation microchannels are arranged in an S-shape inside the heat dissipation partition, and the cross-section of the heat dissipation microchannels is either rectangular or triangular.

[0018] With this technical solution, it should be noted that setting the heat dissipation microchannels in an S-shape creates a meandering pattern within the heat dissipation channels. This effectively increases the flow path length and residence time of the liquid working fluid within the heat dissipation partition, thereby significantly increasing the heat transfer efficiency between the working fluid and the partition wall. This not only improves the heat transfer capacity and efficiency of a single heat dissipation partition, but the longer path also facilitates the stable development of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, enhancing the phase change heat transfer process and thus extracting and conducting more heat generated by the battery module.

[0019] Furthermore, by setting the cross-section of the heat dissipation microchannel to be rectangular or triangular, these two shapes can form a very small radius of curvature at the sharp corners. Under the action of surface tension, the liquid will preferentially wet and fill these sharp corners, forming a continuous liquid return path. This makes the vapor tend to flow in the central region of the heat dissipation microchannel, while the liquid flows back along the wall, especially in the sharp corner region. This natural gas-liquid separation trend reduces the mutual interference between gas and fluid flow, lowers the flow pressure drop, and makes the working fluid circulation smoother and more efficient. In addition, the rectangular channel increases the vaporization core density, and its boiling heat transfer coefficient is larger than that of the circular microchannel. Due to the limitations of the microscale, the triangular microchannel will not exhibit typical bubbly flow, but will directly transition from the rapid bubble growth region to the annular flow.

[0020] Preferably, the condenser plate has a condensation channel inside, which is connected to the heat dissipation microchannel, and the evaporator plate has an evaporation channel inside, which is connected to the heat dissipation microchannel.

[0021] With this technical solution, it should be noted that the heat dissipation microchannels in the heat dissipation baffle, the evaporation channels in the evaporation plate, and the condensation channels in the condensation plate are interconnected, forming a complete and closed phase change heat transfer loop. The microchannels at the evaporation plate are responsible for dissipating heat from the bottom of the battery module. The microchannels in the heat dissipation baffle are the main channels for heat conduction and gas-liquid transport, and are also responsible for heat dissipation from the side walls of the battery module. The microchannels in the condensation plate are responsible for condensing vapor and releasing heat. This integrated design of all channels ensures smooth working fluid circulation, the shortest thermal resistance chain, and rapid system thermal response.

[0022] Preferably, the heat dissipation fins are made of metal, and an air duct is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fins, and the air-cooling component generates airflow within the air duct.

[0023] When adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that in addition to copper, heat dissipation fins can also be made of metals with high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum alloys. Based on their excellent thermal conductivity, these materials can quickly distribute the heat from the condenser core to the entire fin array. Furthermore, the fins are arranged at equal intervals, forming a regular airflow channel, optimizing aerodynamic characteristics and reducing airflow resistance. When the air-cooled component is operating, the generated directional and concentrated airflow efficiently washes over the surface of all heat dissipation fins, rapidly carrying away the heat accumulated in the condensation section, maintaining the low temperature of the condenser, and creating conditions for the continuous condensation of the working fluid.

[0024] Preferably, the heat dissipation working medium in the heat dissipation microchannel is one or both of R134a and ethanol.

[0025] When adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that both R134a and ethanol are high-performance phase change working fluids. These two working fluids possess high latent heat of vaporization, meaning they can carry a large amount of heat during the phase change process, resulting in high heat transfer efficiency. Furthermore, their chemical properties are relatively stable, ensuring the efficient, reliable, and safe operation of the entire microchannel heat pipe system under preset operating conditions.

[0026] Preferably, a heat-conducting layer is provided between the battery module and the heat dissipation plate, and between the battery module and the evaporation plate, to guide heat transfer.

[0027] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that, in addition to setting a thermally conductive layer, insulating silicone grease can also be applied for heat transfer, or phase change thermally conductive materials can be used to fill the gaps between the heat dissipation plate and the battery module, as well as the gaps between the evaporation plate and the battery module. This can significantly improve the heat transfer efficiency from the battery to the heat dissipation system, and also improve the uniformity of the surface temperature of the battery module, avoiding local heat accumulation.

[0028] Preferably, the air-cooled component includes:

[0029] A fan, wherein the fan is mounted on the heat dissipation fins;

[0030] A temperature sensor is disposed on the battery module;

[0031] A control module is electrically connected to the fan and the temperature sensor.

[0032] With this technical solution, it's important to note that K-type thermocouples are attached to the battery body surface and the electrode tabs to monitor battery heat. The control module continuously receives temperature signals from the battery module. When the temperature at any monitoring point exceeds a preset safety threshold, the control module issues a command to start the fan or increase its speed for forced cooling. When the battery temperature drops and stabilizes within a lower, safe range, the control module stops the fan or switches it to a low-speed mode. This avoids energy waste caused by continuous fan operation, reduces system noise, and extends the fan's lifespan, making the cooling system more economical and intelligent.

[0033] Preferably, the protective enclosure is formed by side panels, a bottom plate, and a top cover, with the upper end of the heat dissipation partition penetrating the top cover and the evaporation plate disposed on the bottom plate.

[0034] With this technical solution, it should be noted that the heat dissipation baffle, as the core framework, passes directly through the pre-drilled hole in the top cover of the enclosure and achieves a reliable seal. This serves as both a structural fixing point and a crucial channel for the transfer of internal heat to the external condensation end. The evaporation plate is located at the bottom, contacting the lower ends of all the heat dissipation baffles and the bottom of the battery module, forming a complete bottom heat absorption surface. This design allows the main components of the protective enclosure—the top cover, side panels, and bottom plate—to be tightly integrated with the main structure of the heat dissipation system—the condensation plate, heat dissipation baffle, and evaporation plate—achieving a unified integration of protective and heat dissipation functions in terms of physical space and structural load-bearing capacity.

[0035] Working principle of the invention:

[0036] The temperature of the battery module is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor. When the temperature at any measuring point exceeds the preset safety threshold, the control module issues a command to start the fan or increase the fan speed for forced cooling. When the battery temperature drops and stabilizes within a lower safety range, the control module controls the fan to stop running or switch to a low-speed mode. During this process, the heat emitted from the side wall of the battery module is transferred to the heat dissipation plate, and the heat at the bottom is transferred to the evaporation plate. This causes the heat dissipation medium in the heat dissipation plate and the evaporation plate to evaporate and absorb heat. The heat then enters the condensation channel in the condensation plate through the heat dissipation microchannels. The heat is dispersed by the heat dissipation fins, increasing the heat dissipation area. The fan quickly removes the heat through airflow, keeping the condensation plate at a low temperature. The gas in the condensation channel releases heat, liquefies, and falls back into the heat dissipation microchannels and the evaporation channel, completing the cooling cycle of the battery module.

[0037] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] 1. The present invention provides an integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts, which integrates heat dissipation baffles, evaporation plates, and condensation plates as part of the internal load-bearing, partitioning, and protective structure of the battery module. The heat dissipation baffles themselves are physical partitions between battery modules, the evaporation plates form the bottom plate of the protective box or are closely attached to the bottom plate, and the condensation plates can serve as the top cover of the protective box. This integrated design maximizes the volume utilization of the entire battery module and meets the strict requirements of electric forklifts for compact battery compartment space and strong heat dissipation.

[0039] 2. The present invention provides an integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts. By setting heat dissipation fins between the condenser plate and the air-cooling assembly, the heat dissipation surface area of ​​the condenser plate is increased. The heat is absorbed from the heat dissipation fins by the operation of the air-cooling assembly, and air flow is formed in the heat dissipation fins, thereby accelerating the heat loss at the condenser plate and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0040] 3. The present invention provides an integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts, which conducts heat generated at the electrode tabs by setting an evaporator tube and contacting the electrode tabs. The heat is guided to the condenser plate through the evaporator tube and finally cooled by the combined action of the heat dissipation fins and the air-cooling components.

[0041] 4. The present invention provides an integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts, wherein the heat dissipation microchannel is set in an S-shape, thereby forming a tortuous shape within the heat dissipation channel, which can effectively increase the flow path length and residence time of the liquid working fluid inside the heat dissipation baffle, thereby significantly increasing the heat exchange efficiency between the working fluid and the heat dissipation baffle wall.

[0042] 5. The present invention provides an integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts, wherein the cross-section of the heat dissipation microchannel is set as rectangular or triangular. These two shapes can form a very small radius of curvature at the sharp corners. Under the action of surface tension, the liquid will preferentially wet and fill these sharp corners, forming a continuous liquid return path. This makes the vapor tend to flow in the central area of ​​the heat dissipation microchannel, while the liquid flows back along the wall, especially the sharp corner area. This natural gas-liquid separation trend reduces the mutual interference between gas and fluid flow, reduces the flow pressure drop, and makes the working fluid circulation smoother and more efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The present invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective enclosure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery module structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation partition of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation partition of the present invention.

[0049] Figure label:

[0050] 1-Protective housing, 2-Heat dissipation baffle, 3-Condensation plate, 4-Heat dissipation fins, 5-Air-cooled assembly, 6-Evaporator tube with tab, 7-Evaporation plate, 8-Battery module, 9-Taper, 10-Heat dissipation microchannel. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and marked in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship conventionally placed when the invention is used. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] The following is combined with Figures 1-3 The present invention will be described in detail below.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] An integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, it includes:

[0056] A protective housing 1, wherein the protective housing 1 is used to house the battery module 8;

[0057] Heat dissipation partition 2, a plurality of heat dissipation partitions 2 are provided inside the protective box 1, heat dissipation microchannels 10 are provided inside the heat dissipation partition 2, and the upper end of the heat dissipation partition 2 penetrates through the protective box 1, and the battery module 8 is provided between two adjacent heat dissipation partitions 2.

[0058] A condenser plate 3 and an evaporator plate 7 are respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the heat dissipation partition 2;

[0059] Air-cooled component 5, which is disposed above the condenser plate 3.

[0060] In this embodiment, the battery module 8 is enclosed in a protective housing 1, which provides the necessary dustproof, waterproof, and mechanical shockproof structure for the battery module 8. The heat dissipation partition 2 divides the inside of the protective housing 1 into multiple battery storage areas, that is, it divides the inside of the housing into multiple parallel and independent chambers. The battery module 8 is vertically placed between two heat dissipation partitions 2, so that the two sides of the battery module 8 are in close contact with the heat dissipation partitions 2 on both sides. This layout maximizes the effective contact area between the battery and the heat dissipation system, which is conducive to efficient heat dissipation. Thus, in this invention, the heat transfer path is as follows: battery module 8, heat dissipation partition 2, condenser plate 3 and evaporator plate 7, and finally the heat is carried out by the air cooling component 5, forming a closed phase change heat dissipation network.

[0061] Furthermore, the heat dissipation partition 2, evaporation plate 7, and condensation plate 3 are directly used as part of the internal load-bearing, partitioning, and protective structure of the battery module 8. The heat dissipation partition 2 itself is a physical partition between the battery modules 8. The evaporation plate 7 forms the bottom plate of the protective box 1 or is close to the bottom plate. The condensation plate 3 can serve as the top cover of the protective box 1. This integrated design maximizes the volume utilization of the entire battery module 8 and meets the strict requirements of electric forklifts for compact battery compartment space and strong heat dissipation.

[0062] The condenser plate 3 has a condensation channel inside, which is connected to the heat dissipation microchannel 10. The evaporator plate 7 has an evaporation channel inside, which is also connected to the heat dissipation microchannel 10. The heat dissipation microchannel 10 in the heat dissipation partition 2, the evaporation channel in the evaporator plate 7, and the condensation channel in the condenser plate 3 are interconnected, forming a complete and closed phase change heat transfer circuit. The microchannel at the evaporator plate 7 is responsible for dissipating heat from the bottom of the battery module 8. The microchannel in the heat dissipation partition 2 is the main channel for heat conduction and gas-liquid transport, and is also responsible for heat dissipation from the sidewalls of the battery module 8. The microchannel in the condenser plate 3 is responsible for condensing vapor and releasing heat. This integrated design of all channels ensures smooth working fluid circulation, the shortest thermal resistance chain, and rapid system thermal response.

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, the heat dissipation microchannels 10 are arranged in an S-shape inside the heat dissipation partition 2, and the cross-section of the heat dissipation microchannels 10 is either rectangular or triangular.

[0064] The heat dissipation working medium in the heat dissipation microchannel 10 is either R134a or ethanol. Both R134a and ethanol are high-performance phase change working media. These two working media have high latent heat of vaporization, which means that they can carry a large amount of heat during the phase change process, resulting in high heat transfer efficiency. In addition, their chemical properties are relatively stable, which can ensure that the entire microchannel heat pipe system operates efficiently, reliably, and safely under preset operating conditions.

[0065] A thermally conductive layer is provided between the battery module 8 and the heat dissipation partition 2, and between the battery module 8 and the evaporation plate 7, to guide heat transfer. In this embodiment, in addition to providing a thermally conductive layer, insulating silicone grease can also be applied for heat transfer, or phase change thermally conductive materials can be used to fill the gaps between the heat dissipation partition 2 and the battery module 8, as well as the gaps between the evaporation plate 7 and the battery module 8. This significantly improves the heat conduction efficiency from the battery to the heat dissipation system and also improves the uniformity of the surface temperature of the battery module 8, preventing local heat accumulation.

[0066] The protective enclosure 1 is composed of side panels, a bottom plate, and a top cover. The upper end of the heat dissipation baffle 2 penetrates through the top cover, and the evaporation plate 7 is located on the bottom plate. The heat dissipation baffle 2 serves as the core framework, with its upper end directly passing through a pre-drilled hole in the top cover for reliable sealing. This acts as both a structural fixing point and a crucial channel for heat transfer from the interior to the external condensation end. The evaporation plate 7 is located at the bottom, contacting the lower ends of all the heat dissipation baffles 2 and the bottom of the battery module 8, forming a complete bottom heat absorption surface. This design allows the main components of the protective enclosure 1—the top cover, side panels, and bottom plate—to be tightly integrated with the main structure of the heat dissipation system—the condensation plate 3, the heat dissipation baffle 2, and the evaporation plate 7—achieving a unified integration of protective and heat dissipation functions in terms of physical space and structural load-bearing capacity.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: Figure 4 As shown, the cross-section of the heat dissipation microchannel 10 is triangular, and the cross-sections of two adjacent heat dissipation microchannels 10 form a parallelogram. The heat dissipation working fluids in two adjacent heat dissipation microchannels 10 are R134a and ethanol, respectively.

[0069] In this embodiment, multiple condensation channels and evaporation channels are respectively provided in the condenser plate 3 and the evaporator plate 7. Each heat dissipation microchannel 10 is connected to a condensation channel and an evaporation channel to form a closed loop channel, realizing the mutual isolation of the heat dissipation working fluid in two adjacent heat dissipation microchannels 10. The parallelogram array of two heat dissipation microchannels 10 can realize the close arrangement of triangular heat dissipation microchannels 10, realizing the maximum number of microchannels in a certain volume of heat dissipation partition, thereby providing a larger total heat transfer area and improving heat dissipation capacity. In addition, R134a and ethanol have significantly different boiling points. R134a can efficiently change phase at a lower temperature, which is suitable for battery heat dissipation under medium load, while ethanol still maintains heat dissipation capacity at a higher temperature, which is suitable for heat dissipation when the battery temperature is high under heavy load. That is, in this embodiment, the heat dissipation microchannels 10 of different working fluids can adaptively respond to local heat load differences. If a certain area generates a lot of heat, the two adjacent channels can jointly enhance heat dissipation. If the heat generation is uneven, the difference in phase change temperature of different working fluids can also help smooth the overall temperature and further improve the temperature consistency of the battery.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it also includes heat dissipation fins 4, and the condenser plate 3 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins 4, and the air-cooling component 5 is disposed on the heat dissipation fins 4.

[0072] In this embodiment, the purpose of the heat dissipation fins 4 is to increase the heat dissipation surface area of ​​the condenser plate 3. The heat inside the heat dissipation fins 4 is absorbed by the working air cooling component 5, and air flow is formed inside the heat dissipation fins 4, thereby accelerating the heat loss at the condenser plate 3 and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0073] The heat dissipation fins 4 are made of metal, and an air duct is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fins 4. The air-cooling component 5 generates airflow within the air duct. The heat dissipation fins 4 can be made of copper, or other metals with high thermal conductivity such as aluminum alloys. Based on their excellent thermal conductivity, they can quickly distribute the heat from the core of the condenser plate 3 to the entire fin array. Furthermore, the heat dissipation fins 4 are arranged at equal intervals, thus forming a regular air duct, optimizing aerodynamic characteristics, and reducing airflow resistance. When the air-cooling component 5 is working, the generated directional and concentrated airflow can efficiently wash over the surface of all the heat dissipation fins 4, thereby quickly carrying away the heat accumulated in the condensation section, maintaining the low temperature of the condenser plate 3, and creating conditions for the continuous condensation of the working fluid.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that it also includes: Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the electrode evaporator 6 is located at the lower end of the condenser plate 3 and is connected to the condenser plate 3. The electrode evaporator 6 is placed on the electrode tab 9 of the battery module 8.

[0076] In this embodiment, the tab 9 is the metal conductive electrode of the positive and negative terminals of the battery. All the current generated by the battery during charging and discharging must flow through the tab 9, which has a relatively small cross-sectional area. This causes heat to concentrate at the tab 9. Therefore, the heat generated at the tab 9 is conducted out by contacting the tab 9 through the tab evaporation tube 6. Its heat conduction principle is the same as the heat dissipation principle of the heat dissipation microchannel 10 inside the heat dissipation partition 2 for the battery module 8. The heat is guided to the condenser plate 3 through the tab evaporation tube 6, and finally cooled down by the combined action of the heat dissipation fins 4 and the air-cooling component 5.

[0077] Example 5

[0078] The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that, as Figure 1 As shown, the air-cooled assembly 5 includes:

[0079] A fan is mounted on the heat dissipation fins 4;

[0080] A temperature sensor is provided on the battery module 8;

[0081] A control module is electrically connected to the fan and the temperature sensor.

[0082] In this embodiment, a type K thermocouple is attached to the surface of the battery body and the tab 9 to monitor battery heat. The control module continuously receives temperature signals from the battery module 8. When the temperature at any monitoring point exceeds a preset safety threshold, the control module issues a command to start the fan or increase its speed for forced cooling. When the battery temperature drops and stabilizes within a lower safety range, the control module controls the fan to stop running or switch to a low-speed mode. This avoids energy waste caused by continuous fan operation, reduces system noise, and extends the fan's lifespan, making the cooling system more economical and intelligent.

[0083] Working principle of the invention:

[0084] The temperature of the battery module 8 is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor. When the temperature at any measuring point exceeds the preset safety threshold, the control module issues a command to start the fan or increase the fan speed for forced heat dissipation. When the battery temperature drops and stabilizes in a lower safety range, the control module controls the fan to stop running or switch to a low-speed mode. During this process, the heat emitted from the side wall of the battery module 8 is transferred to the heat dissipation partition 2, and the heat at the bottom is transferred to the evaporation plate 7. This causes the heat dissipation medium in the heat dissipation partition 2 and the evaporation plate 7 to evaporate and absorb heat. The heat then enters the condensation channel in the condensation plate 3 along the heat dissipation microchannel 10. The heat is dispersed by the heat dissipation fins 4 and the heat dissipation area is increased. The fan quickly removes the heat through airflow, keeping the condensation plate 3 at a low temperature. The gas in the condensation channel releases heat and liquefies, then falls back into the heat dissipation microchannel 10 and the evaporation channel to complete the cycle. This completes the heat dissipation cycle of the battery module 8.

[0085] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts, characterized in that, include: A protective housing (1) is provided for placing a battery module (8). Heat dissipation partition (2), a plurality of heat dissipation partitions (2) are provided inside the protective box (1), heat dissipation microchannels (10) are provided inside the heat dissipation partitions (2), and the upper end of the heat dissipation partitions (2) penetrates the protective box (1), and the battery module (8) is provided between two adjacent heat dissipation partitions (2). A condenser plate (3) and an evaporator plate (7) are respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the heat dissipation partition (2), and the upper and lower ends of the heat dissipation microchannel (10) are respectively connected to the condenser plate (3) and the evaporator plate (7); Air-cooled assembly (5), which is located above the condenser plate (3).

2. The integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condenser plate (3) is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins (4), and the air-cooling component (5) is provided on the heat dissipation fins (4).

3. The integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The electrode evaporator (6) is located at the lower end of the condenser plate (3) and is connected to the condenser plate (3). The electrode evaporator (6) is placed on the electrode (9) of the battery module (8).

4. The integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation microchannels (10) are arranged in an S-shape inside the heat dissipation partition (2), and the cross-section of the heat dissipation microchannels (10) is either rectangular or triangular.

5. The integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation working medium in the heat dissipation microchannel (10) is one or both of R134a or ethanol.

6. The integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensing plate (3) has a condensing channel inside, which is connected to the heat dissipation microchannel (10). The evaporating plate (7) has an evaporation channel inside, which is connected to the heat dissipation microchannel (10).

7. The integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat dissipation fins (4) are made of metal, and an air duct is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fins (4). The air-cooling component (5) generates airflow in the air duct.

8. The integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heat-conducting layer is provided between the battery module (8) and the heat dissipation partition (2), and between the battery module (8) and the evaporation plate (7) to guide heat transfer.

9. The integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air-cooled component (5) includes: A fan is mounted on the heat dissipation fins (4); A temperature sensor is disposed on the battery module (8); The control module is electrically connected to both the fan and the temperature sensor.

10. An integrated microchannel heat pipe cooling system for electric forklifts according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The protective enclosure (1) is formed by side plates, bottom plates and top covers. The upper end of the heat dissipation partition (2) penetrates the top cover and the evaporation plate (7) is located on the bottom plate.

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