Electrochemical cell assembly

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrochemical battery assembly (10) comprising: a stack of battery cells (18), wherein each battery cell extends along a first direction (22) and a second direction (24) perpendicular to the first direction and defines an outer periphery (26); a housing (42) surrounding the stack to define or enclose a fluid volume (48); a fluid inlet port (50) and a fluid outlet port (52), wherein the housing and the outer periphery of the battery cells are separated by a gap (60) forming a fluid bypass (62) for fluid to bypass the stack; an electrical insulating plate (64) located in the gap; and a sealing device (100) interacting with the electrical insulating plate to reduce or prevent fluid from flowing along the fluid bypass provided by the gap.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrochemical cell stacks, particularly fuel cell stacks and electrolytic cell stacks. More specifically, this invention relates to an electrochemical cell assembly. Background Technology

[0002] Fuel cells and electrolyzers are examples of electrochemical cells. A fuel cell is an energy conversion device that allows the conversion of electrochemical fuels (such as H2) into electrical energy. An electrolyzer can be thought of as a fuel cell operating in reverse mode, that is, using electrical energy to break down compounds into their components, such as splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen. Reversible cells are capable of operating in both modes. Such electrochemical cells typically include an electrochemical active layer that can be configured to allow the conversion of electrochemical fuels into electrical energy (fuel cell) or to allow the use of electrical energy to break down compounds into their components (electrolyzer).

[0003] This invention specifically relates to solid oxide batteries (SOCs). Such solid oxide batteries (SOCs) typically include an electrolyte layer formed of solid oxides, such as yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide (YSZ), gadolinium-doped cerium oxide, or cerium-gadolinium oxide (CGO). SOCs can operate as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) or as solid oxide electrolyzers (SOECs).

[0004] Typically, multiple such battery cells are stacked on top of each other to form a "stack" of battery cells, also known as a "repeated battery cell". This stack is usually arranged between two end plates located on opposite sides of the stack and is surrounded by a housing to form an electrochemical battery assembly. Together with the end plates, the housing encloses a fluid volume around the stack of battery cells, which is filled with air or oxidant during battery assembly operation.

[0005] A gap is typically left between the casing and the outer perimeter of the battery cell to prevent electrical short circuits. Furthermore, an electrical insulation plate, such as a mica plate, can be placed in this gap to further improve electrical insulation and reduce the free space between the casing and the battery cell, which would otherwise allow unwanted air or oxidants to bypass the stack.

[0006] In existing technology components, such as those described in WO 2022 / 175679 A2, electrical insulation plates are typically designed to engage with both the battery cell and the housing to minimize air bypass between the stack of the housing and the battery cell.

[0007] However, designing such boards presents challenges because this constraint on the battery cells can introduce undesirable stresses within the cells, depending on the tolerances and operating conditions of the battery assembly, particularly when the battery assembly undergoes thermal cycling during operation.

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to improve the performance and long-term stability of electrochemical battery components. Summary of the Invention

[0009] According to the present invention, an electrochemical battery assembly according to claim 1 is provided. The electrochemical battery assembly includes a stack of battery cells, the stack comprising a plurality of battery cells stacked together along a stacking direction. Preferably, the electrochemical battery assembly includes a first end plate, a second end plate, and a stack of battery cells disposed between the first end plate and the second end plate, preferably the stack of battery cells being held in a compressed manner between the first end plate and the second end plate. The first end plate may be a substrate of the electrochemical battery assembly. The second end plate may be a top plate of the electrochemical battery assembly. Each battery cell extends along a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, preferably in a battery plane perpendicular to the stacking direction, the first direction preferably being a longitudinal direction and the second direction preferably being a width direction. Each battery cell has an outer perimeter, preferably having an outer perimeter in the battery plane. The electrochemical battery assembly also includes a housing surrounding the stack of battery cells around the stacking direction. The housing defines or encloses a (first) fluid volume for a first fluid, preferably for air or an oxidant. The housing is configured such that a gap is formed between the housing, specifically the inner wall of the housing, and the outer periphery of the battery cell. Thus, the housing and the outer periphery of the battery cell are separated by the gap. The electrochemical battery assembly also includes a fluid inlet port for supplying a first fluid from outside the electrochemical battery assembly to a fluid volume, and a fluid outlet port for removing the first fluid from the fluid volume. The battery cell is configured such that a fluid flow path is provided between adjacent battery cells for the first fluid to flow from the fluid inlet port to the fluid outlet port. Preferably, the battery cell defines a (first) fluid channel between adjacent battery cells for the first fluid to flow from the fluid inlet port to the fluid outlet port. The gap between the housing and the outer periphery of the battery cell forms a fluid bypass for the first fluid to bypass the stack, i.e., for the first fluid to flow between the housing and the outer periphery of the battery cell. The electrochemical battery assembly also includes an electrically insulating plate located in the gap between the housing and the outer periphery of the battery cell. The electrochemical battery assembly also includes sealing devices other than the electrically insulating plate. The sealing device interacts with the electrical insulation plate to reduce or prevent fluid bypass flow provided by the gap between the housing and the outer periphery of the battery cell. Therefore, the sealing device is configured to reduce or prevent fluid flow through the gap between the housing and the outer periphery of the battery cell.

[0010] In some embodiments, the sealing device is configured to reduce or prevent fluid flow between the electrical insulation plate and the housing, preferably along a first direction. In such embodiments, the electrical insulation plate may abut against the outer periphery of the battery cell.

[0011] In some embodiments, the sealing device is configured to reduce or prevent fluid flow between the electrical insulating plate and the outer periphery of the battery cell, preferably along a first direction. In such embodiments, the electrical insulating plate may abut against the housing, particularly against the inner wall of the housing.

[0012] In some embodiments, the sealing device is configured to reduce or prevent fluid flow between the electrical insulation plate and the housing, and between the electrical insulation plate and the outer periphery of the battery cell, preferably along a first direction.

[0013] The proposed configuration allows for reduced fluid bypass flow while avoiding unwanted stress on the battery cells within the battery plane. Specifically, by combining the electrical insulation plate with a sealing device that interacts with the electrical insulation plate, fluid sealing and electrical insulation can be at least partially separated, allowing these two characteristics to be tunable independently. Preferably, the sealing device is configured to compensate for possible thermal expansion of the battery cells in a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction. The electrical insulation plate preferably provides electrical insulation and mechanical stability.

[0014] The first fluid can be a fuel or an oxidant (e.g., air or oxygen), preferably an oxidant. Preferably, the electrochemical cell assembly includes an air / oxidant inlet port and an air / oxidant outlet port in fluid communication with a fluid volume defined by the housing. For operation as a fuel cell, the first fluid is preferably air / oxidant. For operation as an electrolytic cell, the oxidant can be primarily generated by the electrolytic reaction.

[0015] Preferably, two opposing fluid bypass gaps are formed between the housing and the stack of battery cells, the gaps being located on opposite sides of the stack of battery cells. Preferably, the electrochemical battery assembly includes two opposing electrical insulating plates, each electrical insulating plate being located in one of the gaps between the opposing gaps. Preferably, the electrical insulating plates are constructed to be functionally identical. Thus, the optional features and advantages described above and below in conjunction with individual electrical insulating plates can be applied to each electrical insulating plate.

[0016] The battery cell can be flat or planar. A first fluid channel, preferably an air channel or an oxidant channel, can be defined between adjacent battery cells. A second fluid channel can provide the fluid flow path from a fluid inlet port to a fluid outlet port. The second fluid channel can be defined within the battery cell, for example, between the upper and lower plates (preferably support plates and interconnect plates) of each battery cell; the second fluid channel is preferably a fuel channel. The first fluid can be one of air / oxidant and fuel, and the second fluid can be another of air / oxidant and fuel. In some cases, the first fluid is air / oxidant, and the second fluid is fuel.

[0017] Preferably, each battery cell includes an electrochemically active layer (also referred to as a battery chemistry layer), for example, a layer carrying an electrochemically active layer. Preferably, a (first) fluid flow path between adjacent battery cells extends across the electrochemically active layer.

[0018] Each battery cell may include at least one fluid port (e.g., a fuel port) for conveying a second fluid (e.g., fuel) between the battery cell and the outside. In some embodiments, each battery cell in the battery cell is provided with at least one fluid port, and the respective fluid ports of adjacent battery cells are aligned. Preferably, at least one fluid port of a corresponding battery cell communicates with a second fluid channel in the battery cell. Each battery may have at least one (second) fluid inlet port (e.g., a fuel inlet port) and at least one (second) fluid outlet port (e.g., a fuel outlet port) for the second fluid, wherein the battery cell extends along a first direction between the at least one fluid inlet port and the at least one fluid outlet port.

[0019] The fluid flow path between adjacent battery cells may include multiple flow paths, and the fluid flow path may be straight or curved depending on the design of the battery cell. Preferably, the net flow direction is parallel to the first direction.

[0020] In some embodiments, the battery cell is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). In some embodiments, the battery cell is a solid oxide electrolytic cell (SOEC). Preferably, the battery cell is a metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell. Each battery cell may include multiple layers, including a support plate, an interconnect plate, and an electrochemically active layer. Preferably, the support plate and the interconnect plate are formed of metal, more preferably of stainless steel.

[0021] The electrochemical active layer may include a fuel electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an air / oxidant electrode layer. The electrochemical active layer may be deposited on and supported by a support plate, such as a metal support plate like a metal foil, for example, as a thin coating or film.

[0022] In some embodiments, each battery cell is generally rectangular, having two opposing long sides extending along a first direction and two opposing short sides extending along a second direction. Preferably, in such embodiments, an electrical insulating plate may be located between the housing and each of the long sides.

[0023] In some embodiments, the electrical insulation plate is located only on two sides of the battery cell—preferably on two parallel opposite sides—and more preferably on the long side of the battery cell—that is, the near and far ends of the stacked battery cells (relative to the fluid inlet port) do not have such electrical insulation plates.

[0024] In some embodiments, the outer perimeter includes two opposing straight edges and shaped ends. In such embodiments, an electrical insulating plate may be disposed between the housing and each of the straight edges. The straight edges preferably extend along a first direction.

[0025] The housing may be a stacked package defining a fluid volume portion of the stack housing the battery cells. The housing may be welded to optional first end plates and optional second end plates. The housing, first end plates, and second end plates may together form a stacked package defining a fluid volume portion of the stack housing the battery cells. The housing may be a single piece. The housing may be formed of at least two parts joined together at a seam, for example, by welding. The housing may include or be constituted by a skirt surrounding the battery cells.

[0026] The gap may be formed only on one side of the battery cell stack. Preferably, two opposing gaps are formed on opposite sides of the battery cell stack. The gap may surround the battery cell stack around the stack direction. The gap may extend along the stack direction throughout the entire height of the battery cell stack. The gap preferably extends along a first direction. The gap preferably extends in a plane perpendicular to the battery plane, i.e., in a plane perpendicular to the end plate.

[0027] The (first) fluid inlet port and the (first) fluid outlet port may be formed by corresponding through holes formed in the first end plate or the second end plate.

[0028] The electrical insulation board can be a sheet or plate made of an electrically insulating material. Preferably, the electrical insulation board is made of mica. Preferably, the electrical insulation board extends along a first direction. Preferably, the electrical insulation board extends along the stacking direction throughout the entire height of the stack of battery cells. Preferably, the electrical insulation board extends perpendicular to the first end plate, i.e., in a plane parallel to the stacking direction and perpendicular to the battery plane. Preferably, the thickness of the electrical insulation board in the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction is less than the gap width between the housing and the outer periphery of the battery cell.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the battery cell extends between the (first) fluid inlet port and the (first) fluid outlet port along a first direction perpendicular to the stacking direction. Therefore, the first direction can be the main flow direction of the first fluid from the fluid inlet port to the fluid outlet port.

[0030] In some embodiments, the sealing device includes at least one external seal located between the housing and the electrical insulating plate. Preferably, the at least one external seal abuts against the housing and the electrical insulating plate. In such embodiments, the electrical insulating plate may abut against the outer periphery of the battery cell.

[0031] In some embodiments, the sealing device includes at least one inner seal located between the electrical insulating plate and the outer periphery of the battery cell. Preferably, the at least one inner seal abuts against the electrical insulating plate and the outer periphery of the battery cell. In such embodiments, the electrical insulating plate may abut against the housing.

[0032] In some embodiments, the sealing device includes at least one outer seal and at least one inner seal, the at least one outer seal being located between the housing and the electrical insulating plate, and the at least one inner seal being located between the electrical insulating plate and the outer perimeter of the battery cell. In such embodiments, the electrical insulating plate may be sandwiched between at least one outer seal and at least one inner seal. Thus, the electrical insulating plate may not contact either the housing or the outer perimeter of the battery cell.

[0033] Preferably, the at least one outer seal and / or the at least one inner seal each extend along the stacking direction, preferably extending throughout the entire height of the stack of battery cells.

[0034] Preferably, at least one outer seal and / or at least one inner seal are deformable, preferably reversibly deformable, and more preferably elastically deformable, to compensate for positional variations of the outer periphery of the battery cell in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction (e.g., within the battery plane), particularly in a second direction. Thus, at least one outer seal and / or at least one inner seal can be configured to compensate for torsion of the battery in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction (e.g., within the battery plane), particularly in the second direction. This allows for a reduction in in-plane stresses acting on the battery cell while still providing sufficient sealing for fluid bypass.

[0035] The positional change of the outer perimeter can be thermally induced, particularly due to the thermal expansion of the battery cells in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction (e.g., within the battery plane) during the use of the battery assembly. Therefore, at least one outer seal and / or at least one inner seal can be deformable, preferably reversibly deformable, and more preferably elastically deformable, to compensate for the thermal expansion of the battery cells in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction (e.g., within the battery plane), particularly in a second direction.

[0036] In some embodiments, at least one outer seal and / or at least one inner seal may include a seal capable of moving in a second direction or may consist of a seal capable of moving in a second direction.

[0037] In some embodiments, at least one outer seal and / or the at least one inner seal may be formed of a seal made of a deformable, preferably elastically deformable, and particularly compressible material, or may include a seal made of a deformable, preferably elastically deformable, and particularly compressible material. At least one outer seal and / or the at least one inner seal may be formed of a seal made of a compliant material or may include a seal made of a compliant material.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, at least one outer seal and / or at least one inner seal is formed of vermiculite material, preferably expanded vermiculite material. Vermiculite materials have proven particularly advantageous in terms of mechanical compliance and improved reliable sealing performance at temperatures. Expanded vermiculite material may include or be composed of expanded vermiculite. Expanded vermiculite material may include a diluted filler made of talc and an elastomer added as a binder. Examples of suitable sealing materials are Thermiculite 866 and Thermiculite 870 (registered trademarks of the Flexitallic group).

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, at least one outer seal and / or at least one inner seal is formed of a fibrous material, preferably glass fiber. Such fibrous materials have proven advantageous in terms of mechanical compliance and temperature stability. More preferably, at least one outer seal and / or at least one inner seal is formed of a felt or fabric material, more preferably of a glass fiber felt material.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing device includes at least one outer strip made of vermiculite material, located between the electrical insulation plate and the housing. This configuration allows for reduced fluid bypass and reduces the contact area between the electrical insulation plate and the housing compared to prior art configurations where the electrical insulation plate abuts against the housing. Alternatively or additionally, the sealing device may include at least one inner strip made of vermiculite material, located between the electrical insulation plate and the outer periphery of the battery cell. The at least one outer strip may form an outer seal. The at least one inner strip may form an inner seal. Preferably, the at least one outer strip and the at least one inner strip each extend along a stacking direction, preferably extending across the entire height of the electrical insulation plate. Preferably, the at least one outer strip and the at least one inner strip each extend only across a portion of the electrical insulation plate along a first direction.

[0041] Preferably, multiple strips made of vermiculite material are provided on either or both sides of the electrical insulation board, the strips being spaced apart from each other along a first direction. This further improves sealing performance and stack stability while still keeping the contact area relatively small. The multiple strips may be distributed on the electrical insulation board along the first direction. The strips may be parallel to each other along the stacking direction. In embodiments where the strips are located on either side of the electrical insulation board, the multiple strips may be aligned in the first direction of the battery cell. Alternatively, the multiple strips may be misaligned in the first direction of the battery cell. Alternatively, the multiple strips may be arranged such that the coverage areas of the strips are stacked along the first direction.

[0042] In some embodiments, the sealing device includes an outer sheet made of fibrous material and / or an inner sheet made of fibrous material, the outer sheet being located between the housing and the electrical insulation plate, and the inner sheet being located between the electrical insulation plate and the outer periphery of the battery cell. This configuration has proven advantageous in reducing fluid bypass and improving the stability of the stack. Specifically, the sheets allow for a uniform load distribution between the electrical insulation plate and the housing. The outer sheet of fibrous material can form an external seal. The inner sheet of fibrous material can form an internal seal.

[0043] Preferably, the outer sheet and / or inner sheet made of fibrous material extend along the stacking direction throughout the entire height of the electrical insulation board. Preferably, the outer sheet and / or inner sheet each cover at least 60%, more preferably at least 80%, and even more preferably at least 90% of the sealing surface of the electrical insulation board, the sealing surface preferably extending parallel to the first direction. This further improves the stability of the stack.

[0044] In some embodiments, the sealing device includes a sheet of fibrous material located between an electrically insulating plate and the outer periphery of a battery cell, wherein the fibrous material extends partially into the free space formed between the peripheries of adjacent battery cells. Therefore, the sealing device can help reduce unwanted fluid bypass between the (electrochemically inactive) peripheries of adjacent battery cells. In some embodiments, at least some fibers of the fibrous material may extend into the gap formed between the peripheries of adjacent battery cells. For example, each battery cell may include a periphery and a central portion surrounded by the periphery, wherein the central portion carries an electrochemically active layer, and wherein the peripheries of adjacent battery cells are stacked and separated by a battery gap that forms an internal fluid bypass gap. Therefore, the fibrous material may extend partially into the battery gap.

[0045] In some embodiments, the sealing device includes one or more ropes or strips made of fibrous material, located between the housing and the electrical insulation plate and extending in the stacking direction, preferably extending along the entire height of the electrical insulation plate. This configuration is advantageous in terms of improving the seal and reducing the contact area between the electrical insulation plate and the housing compared to prior art configurations where the electrical insulation plate rests against the housing.

[0046] Alternatively or additionally, the sealing device may include one or more ropes or strips made of fibrous material, located between the outer perimeter of the electrical insulation plate and the battery cell. Preferably, the ropes or strips extend in the stacking direction, and more preferably extend along the entire height of the electrical insulation plate in the stacking direction.

[0047] Preferably, a plurality of ropes are provided, wherein the plurality of ropes are spaced apart from each other along a first direction. Preferably, the ropes are distributed along the first direction throughout the electrical insulating board.

[0048] In some embodiments, the sealing device may include at least one beam made of fibrous material, located between the housing and the outer periphery of the battery cell and extending in the stacking direction. In some embodiments, each battery cell is generally rectangular, wherein a beam formed of fibrous material is provided at or adjacent to two or all corners of the rectangle, located between the housing and the outer periphery of the battery cell and extending in the stacking direction. In some embodiments, the two corners are adjacent corners. In some embodiments, the two corners are adjacent corners at the ends of one of the short sides of the rectangle. The beam made of fibrous material can help reduce fluid flow through the fluid bypass provided by the gap, while providing flexibility to accommodate possible battery expansion during use of the electrochemical battery assembly.

[0049] Preferably, the fiber material is glass fiber. More preferably, the fiber material is a felt material, and most preferably, the fiber material is glass fiber felt.

[0050] In some embodiments, the sealing device is configured to bias the electrical insulating plate toward the outer periphery of the battery cell, preferably biasing the electrical insulating plate against the outer periphery of the battery cell. This may help improve the sealing contact between the electrical insulating plate and the battery cell. Furthermore, this allows for the application of restraining or positioning forces to the battery cell to resist movement of the battery cell relative to the housing. In such embodiments, preferably, the electrical insulating plate is movable relative to the stack of battery cells, preferably relative to the housing, in a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction, preferably along a second direction.

[0051] In some embodiments, the sealing device includes an inflatable or inflatable pillow-shaped member or pad. Preferably, the pillow-shaped member is located between the housing and the electrical insulation plate. Such a pillow-shaped member allows for compensation of possible battery expansion in directions perpendicular to the stacking direction (e.g., in the battery plane), particularly along a second direction. Furthermore, the pillow-shaped member—when inflated—allows the electrical insulation plate to be biased against the battery cell. Preferably, the pillow-shaped member extends along the stacking direction throughout the entire height of the electrical insulation plate. Preferably, the pillow-shaped member extends at least 50%, preferably at least 80%, and more preferably at least 90% of the extension range of the electrical insulation plate along the first direction. Preferably, the pillow-shaped member covers at least 60%, more preferably at least 80%, and more preferably at least 90% of the sealing surface of the electrical insulation plate, which extends parallel to the first direction.

[0052] In some embodiments, the sealing device is configured to wed an electrical insulating plate between the housing and the stack of battery cells.

[0053] In some embodiments, the sealing device includes a wedge-shaped structure located between the housing and the electrical insulating plate, the wedge-shaped structure being displaceable in the stacking direction to bias the electrical insulating plate toward the stack of battery cells, preferably biasing the electrical insulating plate against the stack of battery cells. This can be advantageous in terms of positioning the battery cells in the battery assembly and improving the sealing contact between the electrical insulating plate and the battery cells.

[0054] In some embodiments, the sealing device includes an expansion tab formed of a material having a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the material of the housing. The expansion tab is fixed at two laterally offset locations, preferably along a first direction or along the stacking direction, and preferably fixed to the housing, such that the expansion tab bulges towards the stack of battery cells when subjected to temperature rise. This expansion tab allows the electrical insulation plate to be biased towards the stack of battery cells without the application of external force. Preferably, the expansion tab is located between the housing and the electrical insulation plate. The expansion tab can also be used without the electrical insulation plate.

[0055] In some embodiments, the sealing device may include a fluid-sealed chamber disposed between the housing and the electrical insulating plate, the fluid-sealed chamber being connected to or capable of being connected to a fluid pressure source. The fluid-sealed chamber may be defined by the housing and the electrical insulating plate, and optionally by a first end plate and a second end plate. In such embodiments, the electrical insulating plate is preferably movable relative to the stack of battery cells, preferably relative to the housing, in a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction, preferably along a second direction. The force exerted by the electrical insulating plate on the battery cells can be adjusted by regulating the pressure inside the fluid-sealed chamber. In particular, the electrical insulating plate may be biased toward the battery cells.

[0056] According to one general aspect, the electrical insulation plate can have a reduced thickness in its end sections along its extension in the first direction. This further reduces undesirable stress on the battery cell. Specifically, at the operating temperature of the battery assembly, particularly SOFC fuel cell assemblies, the battery cell can expand within its plane. This lateral expansion is particularly pronounced in the hotter regions of the battery plane, located in the end regions of the battery along the first direction, i.e., these regions are close to the fuel outlet ports. The reduced thickness in the end sections of the plate accommodates this enhanced battery expansion in the end sections of the battery cell.

[0057] In some embodiments, the reduced thickness can be provided by machining a notch in the end section of the electrical insulation plate.

[0058] In some embodiments, the reduced thickness can be provided by the electrical insulating plate being stepped on the side facing the housing and / or on the side facing the stack of battery cells in the end section.

[0059] In some embodiments, the reduced thickness can be provided by an electrically insulating plate tapering along a first direction in the end section.

[0060] According to another general aspect, the electrochemical battery assembly may include at least one electrically insulating beam, in addition to electrically insulating plates and sealing devices, extending across a plurality of battery cells in the stack and preferably engaging with the outer perimeter of those respective plurality of battery cells. Preferably, the at least one electrically insulating beam extends generally along the stacking direction. Preferably, the at least one electrically insulating beam is located between the outer perimeter of the battery cell and the housing. The at least one electrically insulating beam may engage with either or both of the housing and one or more electrically insulating plates. In some embodiments, the electrical connection members of the current collection or transmission system of the stack, preferably busbars, extend within the electrically insulating beams or one of the electrically insulating beams. In some embodiments, each battery cell is generally rectangular, wherein such electrically insulating beams are provided at or adjacent to two or all corners of the rectangle. Preferably, the at least one electrically insulating beam is formed of mica.

[0061] Other embodiments can be derived from the following description and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0062] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 A perspective view of an exemplary electrochemical battery assembly without a sealing device is shown; Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of the electrochemical battery assembly; Figure 3 It shows Figure 1Cross-sectional view of the electrochemical battery assembly; Figure 4 It shows Figure 1 A top view of the electrochemical battery assembly, showing the flow configuration of the parallel flow of fuel and oxidant (air); Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 An electrochemical battery assembly, but with an exemplary sealing device; Figure 6 It shows Figure 5 Details; Figure 7 Shown in 3D Figure 5 Details; Figure 8A A top view showing details of a modified electrochemical cell assembly including a sealing device is provided; and Figure 8B It shows Figure 8A Cross-sectional view; Figure 9 A top view showing details of an additional variant of the electrochemical cell assembly, including a sealing device; Figure 10 A top view showing details of an additional variant of the electrochemical cell assembly, including a sealing device; Figure 11 A top view showing details of an additional variant of the electrochemical cell assembly, including a sealing device; Figure 12 A cross-sectional view showing details of an additional variant of an electrochemical cell assembly including a sealing device is shown. Figure 13 A cross-sectional view showing details of an additional variant of an electrochemical cell assembly including a sealing device is shown. Figure 14 A top view of another variant of the electrochemical cell assembly, including a sealing device, is shown; and Figures 15A to 15C Different variations of the electrical insulation board are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The repeated use of reference numerals in this specification and the accompanying drawings is intended to indicate the same or similar features or elements.

[0064] Reference Figures 1 to 4 An exemplary construction of the electrochemical battery assembly 10 is shown. Figures 1 to 4 An electrochemical cell assembly 10 without the sealing device according to the invention is shown in order to better illustrate the other components of the electrochemical cell assembly 10. An embodiment of an electrochemical cell assembly including the sealing device according to the invention is shown in... Figures 5 to 14 As shown in the image.

[0065] Electrochemical cell assembly 10 includes a first end plate 12 and a second end plate 14 (see...) Figure 3 , Figure 1 (not shown in the image), and a stack 16 (also referred to as a "battery repeating cell") of battery cells 18 disposed between the first end plate 12 and the second end plate 14. In the assembled state, the stack 16 is preferably held in a compressed state between the first end plate 12 and the second end plate 14.

[0066] The stack 16 includes a plurality of battery cells 18, which are stacked on top of each other along the stacking direction 20. As described above, the battery cells 18 can be fuel cell cells, electrolytic cells, or reversible cells, including an electrochemical active layer (not shown). In this example, the battery cell 18 is a metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).

[0067] Each battery cell 18 extends along a first direction 22 and a second direction 24 perpendicular to the first direction 22 in a corresponding battery cell plane perpendicular to the stacking direction 20. Each battery cell 18 defines an outer perimeter 26 in the battery cell plane.

[0068] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As can be seen, each battery cell 18 has a periphery 28 and a central portion 30 surrounded by the periphery 28. The central portion 30 carries an electrochemical active layer 32, preferably carrying the electrochemical active layer 32 above the porous region (details below).

[0069] In the example shown, the battery cell 18 is generally rectangular, although it has shaped corners 34. Specifically, the outer perimeter 26 of each battery cell 18 has two opposing long sides 36-1, 36-2 extending along a first direction 22 and extending along a second direction 24 (see...). Figure 2 The two opposite short sides 38-1 and 38-2 and the two opposite long sides 36-1 and 36-2 are preferably straight sides.

[0070] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As can be seen in this example, an optional electrically insulating beam 38 is provided in each of the formed corners 34. In embodiments not shown, beams 38 may be provided only at two of the formed corners 34. In other embodiments not shown, beams 38 may not be provided.

[0071] In this example, the electrically insulating beam 38 is in the form of a circular or tubular beam, such as the pipe or conduit shown—with a central opening 40. In a preferred example, the electrically insulating beam will be made of mica, although other electrically insulating materials including many ceramics may also be used; a non-fragile electrically insulating material is preferred. In some embodiments, the electrical connection members of the power transmission system (not shown) of the battery stack, particularly busbars, extend within the central opening 40 of the electrically insulating beam 38.

[0072] The electrochemical battery assembly 10 also includes a housing 42 that surrounds the stack 16 of the battery cells 18 in a stacking direction 20. In this example, the housing 42 is a skirt-like portion formed into two halves 44-1 and 44-2, which are joined together at a junction line 46, preferably by welding. In a preferred example, the housing 42 is formed of metal, preferably steel. The housing 42 may be welded to end plates 12 and 14. Together, the housing 42 and the end plates 12 and 14 enclose a first fluid volume 48 around the stack 16 of the battery cells 18, preferably for air or an oxidant.

[0073] To supply a first fluid, preferably air or an oxidant, to the first fluid volume 48, the electrochemical cell assembly 10 further includes a (first) fluid inlet port 50 (which may also be referred to as an air inlet port 50) and a corresponding (first) fluid outlet port 52 (which may also be referred to as an air outlet port 52), see Figure 4 In this example, the first fluid inlet port 50 and the first fluid outlet port 52 are each provided by corresponding through holes 54 and 56 formed in the first end plate 12. Figure 4 As shown, the battery cell 18 preferably extends along the first direction 22 between the first fluid inlet port 50 and the first fluid outlet port 52.

[0074] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As can be seen, gaps 60 are formed between the inner wall 58 of the housing 42 and the long sides 36-1 and 36-2 of the outer perimeter 26 of the battery cell 18. As described in detail below, each gap 60 forms a fluid bypass 62, allowing the first fluid to flow from the first fluid inlet port 50 around the stack of the battery cells to the first fluid outlet port 52 (see...). Figure 4 ).

[0075] An electrical insulating plate 64 is provided in each gap 60. That is, the electrochemical battery assembly 10 includes two opposing electrical insulating plates 64, and each of the two opposing electrical insulating plates 64 is located in one of the gaps 60 between the housing 42 and the long sides 36-1, 36-2 of the outer perimeter 26 of the battery cell 18.

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, plates 64 extend along the long sides 36-1, 36-2 of the battery cell 18 in the first direction 22 and the stacking direction 20. Therefore, each plate 64 extends in a plane perpendicular to the battery plane and perpendicular to the end plates 12, 14. Preferably, the plates 64 extend along the stacking direction 20 throughout the entire height of the stack 16 of the battery cells 18. In other examples, multiple plates may be present in each gap 60. In a preferred example, the plates 64 will be made of mica, although other electrically insulating materials including many ceramics may also be used; preferably, a non-fragile electrically insulating material is used.

[0077] In the following text, reference will be made to Figure 3 An exemplary construction of battery cell 18 is described.

[0078] As described above, in this example, the battery cell 18 is a metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell. Each battery cell 18 exemplarily includes an interconnect plate 66 (also referred to as an interconnect plate or separator) and a support plate 68 (also referred to as a substrate), which are stacked on top of each other along a stacking direction 20. The support plate 68 carries an electrochemically active layer 32 over a porous region (not shown). The support plate 68 and the interconnect plate 66 are formed of metal, preferably stainless steel.

[0079] As described above, battery cells 18 define fluid flow paths 70 between adjacent battery cells 18 for a first fluid, preferably air or an oxidant, to flow from a first fluid inlet port 50 to a first fluid outlet port 52 (see...). Figure 4 Specifically, the battery cell 18 is configured to define a first fluid channel 72, preferably an air channel or an oxidant channel, between adjacent battery cells 18. In this example, the interconnect plate 66 includes a shaped outward protrusion 74 formed in its central portion 30, which engages at its end with the outer surface of the electrochemically active layer 32 of the adjacent battery cell 18, thereby defining the first fluid channel 72.

[0080] Interconnector plate 66 and support plate 68 are attached to each other, for example by welding, and enclose a battery volume (also called a second fluid volume, particularly a fuel volume) for a second fluid, preferably fuel, between interconnector plate 66 and support plate 68. The battery volume is in fluid communication with electrochemical active layer 32 via a porous region formed in support plate 68. To supply the second fluid, particularly fuel, to the battery volume between support plate 68 and interconnector plate 66 (and thus to electrochemical active layer 32), or to remove the second fluid from the battery volume, each battery cell 18 has at least one through-hole 76 formed therein; in a specific example, each battery cell 18 has four through-holes 76 formed therein, the through-holes 76 being in fluid communication with the active layer 32 of the battery cell 18 via the battery volume. Thus, the through-holes 76 form a second fluid port 78 for the respective battery cell 18. In a specific example, each battery cell 18 includes two second fluid (e.g., fuel) inlet ports 80 and two second fluid (e.g., fuel) outlet ports 82.

[0081] from Figure 4 As can be seen, in this example, the second fluid flow path 84 within the battery volume extends from the second fluid inlet port 80 to the second fluid outlet port 82.

[0082] refer to Figure 3 As can be seen, the stack 16 of battery cells 18 also includes a gasket 86 between the battery cells 18. Exemplarily, the gasket 86 is an annular sealing ring with a central opening 88. The gasket 86 surrounds the second fluid port 78 (through hole 76) of the battery cells 18.

[0083] The central opening 88 of the gasket 86 aligns with the alignment of the through-hole 76 (second fluid port 78) of the battery cell 18 to form a fluid manifold 90, which extends along the stacking direction 20 through the stack body 16 of the battery cell 18. In this example, the stack body 16 of the battery cell 18 includes two fluid manifolds 90 serving as inlet manifolds (for a second fluid, such as fuel) and two opposing fluid manifolds 90 serving as outlet (discharge) manifolds (for a second fluid, such as fuel).

[0084] In order to deliver fuel between the exterior of the electrochemical cell assembly 10 and the fluid manifold 90, the first end plate 12 includes a corresponding through-hole 92 disposed at a location corresponding to the designated fluid manifold (see [link]). Figure 3 The through-hole 92 serves as the fuel inlet port 94 for the battery assembly.

[0085] The electrochemical battery assembly 10 preferably further includes a current collection system or a current transmission system (not shown). For example, the electrochemical battery assembly 10 may include one or more current collectors known in the art. In addition, the current collection system or current transmission system may include one or more electrical connection components, such as busbars, for electrically connecting the current collectors or current transmission systems.

[0086] In the example shown, an optional insulating plate 96 is provided between each end plate 12, 14 and the stack 16 of the battery cell 18 (see [link]). Figure 3 Insulating board 96 can be formed from mica.

[0087] exist Figure 4 The diagram schematically illustrates the fuel flow (shown by dashed lines) and air (or oxidant) flow (shown by dashed lines) in a fuel cell operating mode. As described above, the air inlet port 50 (through hole 54 in the first end plate 12) allows air or oxidant to flow into a first fluid volume 48 defined by the housing 42 at one end of the battery cell 18, circulating upwards into the volume 48 and through the stack 16 between adjacent battery cells 18, then downwards and out through the air outlet port 52. As described above, air or oxidant flows along a (main) flow path 70 disposed between adjacent battery cells 18. Furthermore, in prior art assemblies, air typically also flows along the aforementioned bypass 62 through the gap 60. In practice, the flow path 70 will include multiple flow paths through the stacked battery cells 18, and these multiple flow paths can be straight or curved, depending on the design of the battery cells—particularly on the design of the protrusions 74 formed in the interconnect plates 66 of the battery cells 18. As described above, within each battery cell 18, fuel flows from two fuel inlet ports 80 to a fuel outlet port 82, wherein the net fuel flow direction extends along a first direction 22. In practice, multiple flow paths will exist through the battery volume, and these multiple flow paths can be straight or curved, depending on the design of the battery cell 18.

[0088] According to the invention, the electrochemical battery assembly 10 also includes a sealing device 100 configured to reduce or prevent airflow through the gap 60, i.e., to prevent or reduce unwanted air bypass 62 around the stack 16. In the example, each of the two electrical insulating plates 64 is associated with a corresponding sealing device 100. The sealing devices 100 can be configured to be identical. Therefore, in the following description, only one sealing device 100 is used as an example to illustrate different variations of the sealing device 100.

[0089] exist Figure 5In one example, each sealing device 100 includes an outer seal 102 located between the inner wall 58 of the housing 42 and the electrical insulation plate 64, and an inner seal 104 located between the electrical insulation plate 64 and the outer periphery 26 of the battery cell 18. In other embodiments, the sealing device 100 may include only the outer seal 102 or only the inner seal 104.

[0090] In a preferred embodiment, the seals 102 and 104 are formed of an elastically deformable material to compensate for thermally induced battery expansion in the battery plane, particularly along the second direction 24.

[0091] The following sections will describe in detail the various advantageous variations of the sealing device 100.

[0092] exist Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the sealing device 100 includes an outer strip 106 made of vermiculite material, which engages with the housing 42 and the electrical insulation plate 64. The sealing device 100 also includes an inner strip 108 made of vermiculite material, which engages with the electrical insulation plate 64 and the outer periphery 26 of the battery cell 18. Figure 7 As shown, strips 106 and 108 preferably extend along the stacking direction 20 throughout the entire height of the electrical insulation plate 64, but only partially extend along the extension range of the electrical insulation plate 64 along the first direction 22. In the example shown, strips 106 and 108 disposed on corresponding sides of the electrical insulation plate 64 are separated from each other along the first direction 22.

[0093] In a preferred example, stripes 106 and 108 are formed by Thermiculite 866 or Thermiculite 870, both of which are registered trademarks of the Fulais Group.

[0094] Figure 8A and Figure 8B Another example is shown, in which the sealing device 100 includes an (inner) sheet 110 made of fibrous material, which is located between the electrically insulating plate 64 and the outer periphery 26 of the battery cell 18. (See reference...) Figure 8A It can be seen that the sheet 110, made of fibrous material, abuts against the outer perimeter 26 of the battery cell 18 and the electrical insulating plate 64, wherein the electrical insulating plate 64 abuts against the inner wall 58 of the housing 42. Therefore, the sheet 110 and the plate 64 completely cover the gap width of the gap 60 along the second direction 24.

[0095] In a preferred example, the fibrous material partially extends into the free space 98 formed between the peripheries 28 of adjacent battery cells (see [reference]). Figure 8BSpecifically, the battery cell 18 may include flange portions 99 at least along its long sides 36-1, 36-2, wherein the flange portions 99 of adjacent battery cells 18 are stacked on top of each other and spaced apart from each other along the stacking direction 20, such that a free space 98 is formed between the flange portions of adjacent battery cells. This free space 98 may form an additional (undesirable) air bypass region. Figure 8B In the example, the fiber material can reduce such unwanted airflow through the free space 98, which further improves the performance of the stack.

[0096] In other embodiments not shown, the sealing device 100 may be—alternatively Figure 8A The inner sheet 110 shown or other than Figure 8A In addition to the inner sheet 110 shown, there is an outer sheet of fibrous material located between the housing 42 and the electrical insulation plate 64.

[0097] In a preferred example, the fiber material is glass fiber.

[0098] Figure 9 Another example is shown in which the sealing device 100 includes a plurality of (three in this example) ropes 112 made of fibrous material, the ropes 112 abutting against the inner wall 58 of the housing 42 and the electrical insulation plate 64. The ropes 112 preferably extend along the stacking direction 20 throughout the entire height of the electrical insulation plate 64. In further embodiments, there may be more or fewer ropes 112. In a preferred example, the ropes are formed of glass fiber material.

[0099] Figure 10 Another example is shown, in which the sealing device 100 includes an inflatable pillow-shaped member 114 located between the inner wall 58 of the housing 42 and the electrical insulation plate 64. Figure 10 As indicated by the middle arrow, by inflating the pillow-shaped member 114, it biases the electrical insulation plate 64 against the outer periphery 26 of the battery cell 18. On the other hand, the pillow-shaped member 114, particularly during deflation, is deformable to compensate for thermally induced battery expansion along the second direction 24. Preferably, the pillow-shaped member 114 extends parallel to the electrical insulation plate 64 in area, covering at least 50% of the sealing surface 116 of the electrical insulation plate 64, which extends perpendicular to the second direction 24.

[0100] Figure 11Another example is shown in which the sealing device 100 includes an expansion tab 118 formed of a material having a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the material of the housing 42. In one example, the expansion tab 118 comprises a bimetallic material. The expansion tab is located between the housing 42 and the electrical insulation plate 64. The expansion tab 118 is secured to the housing 42 at two axially offset locations 120, for example, by welding. Due to this constraint, the expansion tab 118 bulges toward the stack 16 of the battery cells 18 when subjected to temperature rise, thereby biasing the electrical insulation plate 64 against the outer periphery 26 of the battery cells 18. The expansion tab 118 preferably extends along the stacking direction 20 throughout the entire height of the electrical insulation plate 64.

[0101] In embodiments not shown, in addition to the expansion plate 118, one or more inner seals 104 (e.g., the strip 108 made of vermiculite material described above) may be provided between the electrical insulation plate 64 and the outer periphery 26 of the battery cell 18. In other examples, the electrical insulation plate 64 may be omitted.

[0102] Figure 12 Another example is shown in partial cross-section, in which the sealing device 100 includes a fluid sealing chamber 122 defined by a housing 42, an electrically insulating plate 64, and two end plates 12, 14. The fluid sealing chamber 122 is connected to a fluid pressure source (not shown). Figure 12 As indicated by the middle arrow, by applying pressure to chamber 122, the electrical insulating plate 64 is biased against the outer periphery 26 of the battery cell 18. In an embodiment not shown, in addition to the fluid-sealed chamber 122, one or more inner seals 104 (e.g., the strips 108 made of vermiculite material described above) may be provided between the electrical insulating plate 64 and the outer periphery 26 of the battery cell 18.

[0103] Figure 13 Another example is shown in partial cross-section, in which the sealing device 100 includes two opposing wedge-shaped structures 124 located between the housing 42 and the electrical insulation plate 64. The two wedge-shaped structures 124 are configured to bias the electrical insulation plate 64 against the outer periphery 26 of the battery cell 18 when the two wedge-shaped structures 124 are displaced toward each other in the stacking direction 20.

[0104] exist Figures 9 to 13 In the example, the electrical insulating plate 64 is preferably movable relative to the housing 42 and the end plates 12, 14 in the second direction 24.

[0105] Figure 14Another example is shown, in which the sealing device 100 includes two beams 126 made of fibrous material, each beam located in one of two adjacent molded corners 34 of the battery cell 18. In such an example, the electrochemical battery assembly 10 does not include, or at least does not include, the aforementioned optional electrically insulating beams 38. Figure 1 All four beams 38 shown. Beam 126 made of fibrous material can be provided as a supplement to one of the above concepts, namely, as a supplement to the outer and / or inner seals 102, 104, the outer and / or inner strips 106, 108 made of vermiculite material, the outer and / or inner sheet 110 made of fibrous material, the rope 112 made of fibrous material, the inflatable pillow 114, the expansion plate 118, the fluid sealing chamber 122, and the wedge structure 124.

[0106] Figures 15A to 15C Different variations of the electrical insulating plate 64 are shown, which has a reduced thickness in the end section 128 of its extension along the first direction 22.

[0107] exist Figure 15A In the example, plate 64 has a machined cutout 130 in the end section 128 on the side of plate 64 facing housing 42. In other words, plate 64 is stepped on its side facing housing 42. Preferably, the cutout 130 extends along the stacking direction 20 throughout the entire height of plate 64.

[0108] Figure 15B Examples and Figure 15A The example is the same, except that the machining cut 130 is formed on the side of the plate 64 facing the stack 16 of the battery cell 18. In other words, the plate 64 is stepped on the side of its stack 16 facing the battery cell 18.

[0109] exist Figure 15C In the example, plate 64 tapers along the first direction 22 in the end section 128.

Claims

1. An electrochemical battery assembly (10), preferably a fuel cell assembly, the electrochemical battery assembly (10) comprising: - A stack (16) of battery cells (18), the stack (16) comprising a plurality of battery cells (18) stacked on top of each other along a stacking direction (20), wherein, Each battery cell (18) extends along a first direction (22) and a second direction (24) perpendicular to the first direction (22) and perpendicular to the stacking direction (20). Each battery cell (18) defines an outer perimeter (26). - Housing (42), which surrounds the stack (16) of the battery cell (18) to define or enclose the fluid volume (48). - Fluid inlet port (50), the fluid inlet port (50) is used to supply a first fluid from the outside of the electrochemical cell assembly (10) to the fluid volume (48). - Fluid outlet port (52), the fluid outlet port (52) is used to remove the first fluid from the fluid volume (48), A fluid flow path (70) is provided between adjacent battery cells (18) so that the first fluid flows from the fluid inlet port (50) to the fluid outlet port (52). The housing (42) and the outer periphery (26) of the battery cell (18) are separated by a gap (60), which forms a fluid bypass (62) to allow fluid to bypass the stack (16) of the battery cell (18). - Electrical insulation plate (64), the electrical insulation plate (64) being located in the gap (60) between the housing (42) and the outer periphery (26) of the battery cell (18); - A sealing device (100) interacts with the electrical insulation plate (64) to reduce or prevent fluid from flowing along the fluid bypass (62) provided by the gap (60) between the housing (42) and the outer periphery (26) of the battery cell (18).

2. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to claim 1, wherein, The battery cell (18) extends along the first direction (22) between the fluid inlet port (50) and the fluid outlet port (52).

3. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The sealing device (100) is configured to reduce or prevent fluid flow between the electrical insulation plate (64) and the housing (42), and / or reduce or prevent fluid flow between the electrical insulation plate (64) and the outer periphery (26) of the battery cell (18).

4. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The sealing device (100) includes: - At least one external seal (102) located between the housing (42) and the electrical insulation plate (64), and / or - At least one inner seal (104) is located between the electrical insulation plate (6564) and the outer periphery (26) of the battery cell (18).

5. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The at least one outer seal (102) and / or the at least one inner seal (104) are deformable, preferably reversibly deformable, to compensate for positional changes of the outer periphery (26) of the battery cell (18) in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction (20), preferably thermally induced positional changes.

6. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein, The at least one outer seal (102) and / or the at least one inner seal (104) are formed of vermiculite material.

7. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein, The at least one outer seal (102) and / or the at least one inner seal (104) are formed of a fibrous material, preferably a glass fiber material, more preferably a felt material, and even more preferably a glass fiber felt material.

8. The electrochemical cell assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The sealing device (100) includes: At least one outer strip (106) made of vermiculite material, said at least one outer strip (106) being located between the electrical insulating plate (64) and the housing (42); and / or At least one inner strip (108) made of vermiculite material, said at least one inner strip (108) being located between the electrical insulating plate (64) and the outer periphery (26) of the battery cell (18), The at least one outer strip (106) and / or the at least one inner strip (108) each extend along the stacking direction (20), preferably extending over the entire height of the electrical insulation board (64).

9. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein, Multiple strips (106, 108) made of vermiculite material are provided on one or both sides of the electrical insulation plate (64), and the strips (106, 108) are separated from each other along the first direction (22).

10. The electrochemical cell assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The sealing device (100) includes: An outer sheet made of fibrous material, the outer sheet being located between the housing (42) and the electrical insulation plate (64); and / or, An inner sheet (110) made of fibrous material is located between the electrical insulation plate (64) and the outer perimeter (26) of the battery cell (18).

11. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The outer sheet made of fibrous material and / or the inner sheet made of fibrous material (110) cover at least 60%, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 90% of the sealing surface (116) of the electrical insulation board (64), the sealing surface (116) extending parallel to the first direction (22).

12. The electrochemical cell assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The sealing device (100) includes a sheet (110) made of fibrous material located between the electrical insulating plate (64) and the outer perimeter (26) of the battery cell (18), wherein the fibrous material extends in part into the free space (98) formed between the perimeters (28) of adjacent battery cells (18).

13. The electrochemical cell assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The sealing device (100) includes one or more ropes (112) or strips made of fibrous material, the ropes (112) or strips extending along the stacking direction (20), wherein one or more of the ropes (112) or one or more of the strips are located between the housing (42) and the electrical insulation plate (64), and / or wherein one or more of the ropes (112) or one or more of the strips are located between the electrical insulation plate (64) and the outer perimeter (26) of the battery cell (18).

14. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein, A plurality of ropes (112) are provided, wherein the plurality of ropes (112) are separated from each other along the first direction (22).

15. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, Each battery cell (18) is generally rectangular, wherein a beam (126) made of fibrous material is provided at or adjacent to two corners (34) or all corners (34) of the rectangle, the beam (126) being located between the housing (42) and the outer perimeter (26) of the battery cell (18) and extending along the stacking direction (20).

16. The electrochemical cell assembly (10) according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein, The fiber material is glass fiber, preferably a felt material, and more preferably a glass fiber felt material.

17. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The sealing device (100) is configured to bias the electrical insulating plate (64) toward the stack (16) of the battery cell (18), preferably to bias the electrical insulating plate (64) against the stack (16) of the battery cell (18).

18. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The sealing device (100) includes an inflatable or inflatable pillow-shaped member (114) located between the housing (42) and the electrical insulating plate (64).

19. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The pillow-shaped member (114) extends at least 50%, preferably at least 80%, and more preferably at least 90% of the extension range of the electrical insulating plate (64) along the first direction (22).

20. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The sealing device (100) includes a wedge structure (124) located between the housing (42) and the electrical insulating plate (64), the wedge structure (124) being displaceable along the stacking direction (20) to bias the electrical insulating plate (64) toward the stack (16) of the battery cell (18), preferably biasing the electrical insulating plate (64) against the stack (16) of the battery cell (18).

21. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The sealing device (100) includes an expansion plate (118) formed of a material having a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than that of the housing (42), wherein the expansion plate (118) is fixed at two laterally offset positions (120), preferably fixed to the housing (42), such that the expansion plate (118) bulges toward the stack (16) of the battery cell (18) when subjected to a temperature rise.

22. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The expansion plate (118) is located between the housing (42) and the electrical insulation plate (64).

23. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, A fluid sealing chamber (122) is provided between the housing (42) and the electrical insulation plate (64), and the fluid sealing chamber (122) is connected to a fluid pressure source.

24. The electrochemical cell assembly (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the fluid-sealed chamber (122) is defined by the housing (42) and the electrically insulating plate (64), wherein, The electrical insulation plate (64) is capable of being displaced relative to the housing (42) in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction (20).

25. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, Each battery cell (18) has at least one fluid inlet port (80) for a second fluid and at least one fluid outlet port (82) for a second fluid, wherein the battery cell (18) extends along the first direction (22) between the at least one fluid inlet port (80) and the at least one fluid outlet port (82).

26. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The electrical insulating plate (64) has a reduced thickness in its end section (128) extending along the first direction (22).

27. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to claim 26, wherein, The electrical insulation plate (64) is stepped on the side facing the housing (42) and / or on the side facing the stack (16) of the battery cell (18).

28. The electrochemical cell assembly (10) according to claim 26, wherein, The electrical insulating plate (64) tapers in the end section (128) along the first direction (22).

29. The electrochemical battery assembly (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The battery unit (18) is a solid oxide battery unit, preferably a solid oxide fuel cell unit (SOFC) or a solid oxide electrolytic battery unit (SOEC).

Images