A method for reducing the fruit set of the lateral flowers of fruit trees

Abstract

The application provides a method for reducing the fruit setting rate of side flowers of fruit trees, which utilizes the time difference between the opening of central flowers and side flowers, and sprays a viscous polysaccharide solution at the side flowers after the central flowers have opened for 3-4 hours. The viscous polysaccharide solution can block the stigma of the side flowers by using its viscosity, block the growth of pollen tubes, and finally make the side flowers unable to set fruit due to the inability to pollinate and fertilize, thereby reducing the fruit setting rate of the side flowers and achieving the purpose of controlling the load. The method is simple, labor-saving, safe and efficient, has a low fruit setting rate of the side flowers, and is suitable for fruit products that need to be thinned in large and small orchards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural production technology and relates to a method for reducing the fruit set rate of lateral flowers in fruit trees. Background Technology

[0002] Flower and fruit thinning is an orchard management practice that involves artificially removing excess flowers and young fruits from apple, pear, citrus, pomelo, and other fruits to obtain high-quality fruit and sustained high yields.

[0003] At present, the common method for thinning flowers and fruits is to manually remove excess flowers or young fruits, but there are the following problems: (1) In principle, only the central flower of each inflorescence is retained to set fruit, and the remaining 3-6 peripheral flowers need to be pinched or cut off manually, which is quite labor-intensive; (2) The current fruit farmers are aging seriously, and the cost of labor has been soaring. The average cost of manual thinning of flowers and fruits is about 1,200 yuan, which leads to an increase in the cost of fruit products; (3) Thinning of flowers and fruits needs to be completed within a specific physiological period, and the earlier it is completed, the less nutrients are wasted. Therefore, the time for thinning of flowers and fruits is tight; (4) For orchards with a large area of ​​hundreds or thousands of acres, it is difficult to complete the thinning of flowers and fruits manually within a specific time period, which is not suitable for large-scale production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for reducing the fruit set rate of lateral flowers in fruit trees, so as to solve the problem of low efficiency in the existing thinning of flowers and fruits in fruit trees.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This application discloses a method for reducing the fruit set rate of peripheral flowers in fruit trees. The method includes spraying a viscous polysaccharide solution onto the peripheral flowers 3-4 hours after the central flowers have opened.

[0006] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In this application, a viscous polysaccharide solution is sprayed onto the lateral flowers 3-4 hours after the central flowers open, utilizing the time difference between their opening and closing. This viscous polysaccharide solution seals the stigma of the lateral flowers with its viscosity, preventing pollen tube germination and growth. Ultimately, the lateral flowers fail to set fruit due to lack of pollination and fertilization, thus reducing the fruit set rate and controlling the overall fruit load. This method is simple to operate, labor-saving, safe, and efficient, but with a low fruit set rate for lateral flowers, making it suitable for fruit varieties requiring flower and fruit thinning in orchards of all sizes. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 Images of fruit trees after treatment in the treatment group; Figure 2 The image shows the fruit trees after treatment 2 (control group). Detailed Implementation

[0008] This application provides a method for reducing the fruit set rate of lateral flowers in fruit trees. This method is suitable for fruits that require thinning. The method provided in this application involves spraying a viscous polysaccharide solution onto the lateral flowers 3-4 hours after 80-90% of the central flowers have opened. There is a time difference between the opening of the central and lateral flowers. After 3-4 hours, 80-90% of the central flowers have completed pollination and fertilization, ensuring the required yield. At this time, utilizing the time difference between the opening of the central and lateral flowers, the viscous polysaccharide solution is sprayed onto the style of the lateral flowers. This allows the viscous polysaccharide solution to seal the stigma of the lateral flowers, preventing pollen tube germination and growth. Ultimately, the lateral flowers cannot set fruit due to lack of pollination and fertilization, thus reducing the fruit set rate and achieving the purpose of controlling the fruit load.

[0009] In the embodiments of this application, the concentration of the viscous polysaccharide solution is 0.3-0.5% (w / w), and the viscous polysaccharide solution is a solution prepared from any one or more of xanthan gum, carrageenan, konjac gum, hyaluronic acid, and pullulan.

[0010] In the embodiments of this application, the application rate of the viscous polysaccharide solution is 50-75 kg / mu. For example, for small orchards, when using a sprayer, the spraying rate can be around 75 kg / mu to avoid not spraying all the lateral flowers; for large orchards, when using a mist sprayer, the spraying rate can be around 50 kg / mu.

[0011] In the embodiments of this application, when applying the viscous polysaccharide solution, fruit tree varieties with uniform flowering at the edges are sprayed with the viscous polysaccharide solution once; fruit tree varieties with uneven flowering at the edges or in situations where the flowering period is prolonged due to rainy or cold weather are sprayed with the viscous polysaccharide solution twice.

[0012] Furthermore, white sugar can be added to the viscous polysaccharide solution, with the amount of white sugar being 5-8 times the mass of the polysaccharide. The addition of white sugar not only prevents the polysaccharides from sticking together in the water, but also improves the fruit set rate of the central flower.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained and described below using Apple as a specific example.

[0014] Preparation of viscous polysaccharide solution: Add 3g xanthan gum to 1L of water and mix thoroughly until a uniform, slightly turbid, viscous xanthan gum solution is obtained.

[0015] Application: At a fruit tree research base, when the central flowers of Gala apple trees with M9 rootstock had been open for 3.5 hours, approximately 80% of the central flowers were open. The prepared xanthan gum solution was sprayed onto the peripheral flowers at a rate of 50-75 kg per acre to ensure that the xanthan gum solution was dispersed onto the stigmas of the peripheral flowers. If the weather was unfavorable during the flowering period, two applications of the xanthan gum solution were applied.

[0016] Fruit trees treated with artificial flower and fruit thinning were used as control group 1, and fruit trees treated in the above manner were used as treatment group. The cost was calculated and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0017] Table 1: Costs and Expenses As shown in Table 1, compared with manual thinning of flowers and fruits, labor costs are reduced by 90%, and costs are significantly lowered.

[0018] In addition, in this embodiment, fruit trees that have not undergone flower and fruit thinning are used as control group 2, and fruit trees treated in the above manner are used as treatment group. The number of fruits set in inflorescences and the number of flowers are counted, and the fruit set rate is calculated, resulting in Table 2. At the same time, the treated fruit trees are photographed, resulting in Appendix 2. Figure 1 , 2 .

[0019] Table 2: Fruit Set Rate From Table 2 and Appendix Figure 1 , 2 It is evident that the fruit set rate of lateral flowers under natural pollination is 53.44%, while the fruit set rate of lateral flowers treated by the method provided in this application embodiment is only 15.61%, indicating a significant decrease in the fruit set rate of lateral flowers. Furthermore, after treatment by the method provided in this application embodiment, the number of lateral fruits per inflorescence is reduced from 3-4 to 0-1, further reducing the fruit set rate of lateral flowers.

[0020] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for reducing the fruit set rate of lateral flowers in fruit trees, characterized in that, include: Spray a viscous polysaccharide solution on the peripheral flowers 3-4 hours after the central flower opens.

2. The method for reducing the fruit set rate of lateral flowers in fruit trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the viscous polysaccharide solution is 0.3-0.5% (w / w).

3. The method for reducing the fruit set rate of lateral flowers in fruit trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viscous polysaccharide solution is a solution prepared from any one or more of xanthan gum, carrageenan, konjac gum, hyaluronic acid, and pullulan.

4. The method for reducing the fruit set rate of lateral flowers in fruit trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, For fruit tree varieties with uniform lateral flowering, spray once with the viscous polysaccharide solution; for fruit tree varieties with uneven lateral flowering or flowering during cloudy, rainy, and cold weather, spray twice with the viscous polysaccharide solution.

5. The method for reducing the fruit set rate of lateral flowers in fruit trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application rate of the viscous polysaccharide solution is 50-75 kg / mu.

6. The method for reducing the fruit set rate of lateral flowers in fruit trees according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, White sugar is also added to the viscous polysaccharide solution.

7. The method for reducing the fruit set rate of lateral flowers in fruit trees according to claim 6, characterized in that, The amount of white sugar added is 5-8 times the mass of the polysaccharide.

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