A precision instrument part machining spare part placing device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of optical lens placement, and specifically relates to a precision instrument part machining spare part placement device, which comprises a support frame, a plurality of symmetrically distributed support wheels are arranged on the support frame, each support wheel is composed of a fixed base and a rotating wheel, the fixed base is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the rotating wheel is rotatably assembled above the fixed base, a coating frame is arranged on all the support wheels, a plurality of placement racks are arranged on the coating frame, a plurality of placement units are arranged on each placement rack, and the placement units are used for accurately positioning and bearing optical glass elements to be coated, two sliding grooves are arranged on the support frame, a clamping structure is arranged between the two sliding grooves, a driving structure is arranged on the support frame, and the high-position receiving and low-position avoiding effect is realized through cooperation of the driving structure and the clamping structure, so that the feeding efficiency is improved and the risk of human intervention is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical lens coating placement technology, and more specifically to a component placement device for precision instrument parts processing. Background Technology

[0002] Precision instruments generally refer to equipment used for high-precision measurement, observation, analysis, or the performance of specific precision tasks. They are widely used in scientific research, industry, and medicine, and typical examples include spectrometers, chromatographs, microscopes, telescopes, and optical interferometers. In these instruments, those involving the acquisition, transmission, modulation, processing, and analysis of light covering the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared bands all rely heavily on optical glass components such as lenses, prisms, windows, mirrors, and filters for their core functions.

[0003] To enhance optical performance, these glass components require coating treatment to improve light transmittance, increase image brightness, contrast, and clarity, effectively suppress stray light, and impart protective properties such as abrasion and corrosion resistance. The standard coating process includes: thorough cleaning to ensure a dust-free, oil-free, and fingerprint-free environment; mounting and clamping the clean workpiece onto a dedicated coating fixture, ensuring the surface to be coated is precisely aligned with the evaporation source; vacuum coating; and subsequent post-processing.

[0004] However, in the existing mounting process, the clamping station of the coating fixture is mostly a fixed structure. Operators need to manually and accurately embed the optical glass into the low clamping position in a narrow space. This is not only cumbersome and inefficient, but also prone to component collision, contamination or clamping deviation due to obstructed vision or hand tremors, affecting coating uniformity and product yield.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need to develop a component placement device for precision instrument parts processing. This device should possess a movable clamping function: during the loading stage, the clamping mechanism automatically rises to a high position and extends, placing the clamping station in an open position easily accessible for manual or robotic arm handling, significantly improving operational visibility and convenience. After loading is complete, the clamping mechanism automatically and smoothly descends, precisely repositioning itself to a preset position within the vacuum coating chamber, ensuring a constant distance between the surface to be coated and the evaporation source. This meets the positional repeatability requirements of the coating process, thereby improving loading efficiency, reducing the risk of human intervention, and ensuring the consistency and reliability of coating quality, aligning with the development needs of intelligent manufacturing for high-end optical components. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the problems raised in the background art, the present invention provides a component placement device for machining precision instrument parts, which will be further described below.

[0007] A component placement device for precision instrument parts processing includes a support frame with multiple symmetrically distributed support wheels. Each support wheel consists of a fixed base and a rotating wheel. The fixed base is fixed to the support frame, and the rotating wheel is rotatably mounted above the fixed base. All support wheels are provided with coating racks, and each coating rack has multiple placement racks. Each placement rack has multiple placement units for precisely positioning and supporting optical glass components to be coated. The support frame has two sliding grooves with a clamping structure between them, and a driving structure is provided on the support frame.

[0008] Preferably, the clamping structure includes two sets of support rods fixedly connected to the support frame, a guide frame is provided between the two sets of support rods, a slider is provided on the guide frame, a receiving frame is provided on the slider, and three support legs are provided on the receiving frame.

[0009] Preferably, an electric push rod is installed on the support frame, and the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the guide frame.

[0010] Preferably, a servo motor is installed on the support frame, and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the rotating wheel of one of the support wheels via a belt. The support frame is provided with a column, which is rotatably connected to the bottom of the coating frame.

[0011] Preferably, each slide is provided with a movable block, and the movable block is provided with a telescopic component. The telescopic end of the telescopic component is fixedly connected to the slider. The support frame is provided with a guide rail frame, and the guide rail frame is provided with multiple guide rails. The guide rail of the guide rail frame and the side wall of the telescopic component form a contact and compression relationship. The output shaft of the servo motor is keyed with a gear three, and the guide rail frame is provided with a gear two. The gear three meshes with the gear two for transmission.

[0012] Preferably, the innermost stepped guide rail of the guide rail frame is equipped with a hook.

[0013] Preferably, each support leg is equipped with a trigger frame, a spring is provided between the trigger frame and the support leg, a swing plate is provided on the support leg, a torsion spring is provided between the swing plate and the support leg, a support lug is provided on the support leg, a connecting rod is provided on the support lug, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the swing plate and the trigger frame.

[0014] Preferably, the swing plate is provided with a rubber pad.

[0015] Preferably, a toothed rack and guide rod are provided between the two sets of support rods, and a ventilation pipe is provided on the receiving frame. Three dust collection components are provided on the ventilation pipe, and a spring is provided between each dust collection component and the ventilation pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the vacuum cleaner is connected to the ventilation pipe, the vacuum cleaner has several suction holes, the vacuum cleaner is attached to the top surface of the support leg, the ventilation pipe is equipped with a vacuum cleaner, the vacuum cleaner is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the ventilation pipe is equipped with a gear, which meshes with a rack.

[0017] Beneficial effects: This device uses a slider, a receiving frame, and support legs to form a support base, which is used to pre-extend and stably support the optical lenses to be coated before loading. The lifting and lowering action of the support legs is achieved through the cooperation of electric push rods and guide frames, thereby realizing high-level fully automatic and high-precision loading of all placement units on the coating rack, reducing the risk of human intervention.

[0018] By rotating and positioning the coating frame, lifting and lowering the clamping structure to feed the material, rotating the guide rail frame synchronously, and moving the clamping structure inward to repeatedly feed the material, and finally limiting and automatically resetting the closed-loop process, the system achieves fully automated clamping of multi-circle, multi-station optical lenses with no omissions, high repeatability, and high precision.

[0019] Through the pressure of the trigger frame, the linkage transmission, and the swing clamping of the swing plate, the precise centering and flexible limiting effect of the components are automatically achieved during the lifting process.

[0020] The gear meshes with the rack, causing the ventilation pipe to rotate, which in turn drives the three vacuum cleaners to rotate synchronously, cleaning the top surface of the support leg. At the same time, the vacuum cleaner is activated, and the dust on the top surface of the support leg is absorbed and collected through the suction holes on the vacuum cleaner, reducing the risk of contamination of optical components during the clamping process. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 : A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 : A partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping structure of this invention;

[0024] Figure 4 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum cleaner, guide rod, gears and other components of this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting leg, rubber pad, swing plate and other components of this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the gear, belt, and hook components of this invention;

[0027] In the diagram: 1-Support frame, 11-Coating frame, 111-Support rod, 12-Support wheel, 13-Column, 14-Slide groove, 15-Moving block, 16-Placement rack, 2-Electric push rod, 21-Guide frame, 22-Slider, 23-Telescopic component, 24-Support frame, 25-Support leg, 26-Rubber pad, 27-Swing plate, 3-Ventilation pipe, 31-Dust collection component, 32-Dust collector, 33-Guide rod, 34-Gear 1, 35-Gear rack missing, 36-Spring 3, 4-Torsion spring, 41-Connecting rod, 42-Trigger frame, 43-Spring 2, 44-Hear, 5-Servo motor, 51-Guide rail frame, 52-Gear 2, 53-Gear 3, 54-Belt, 55-Hook. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Next, combine Figures 1-6 A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0029] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A component placement device for precision instrument parts processing includes a support frame 1, which serves as the structural base of the entire coating system. Installed on top of a vacuum coating generator, the support frame 1 possesses high strength and rigidity, ensuring overall stability and vibration resistance during system operation. The top of the support frame 1 is provided with multiple symmetrically distributed support wheels 12. Each support wheel 12 consists of a fixed base and a rotating wheel. The fixed base is fixed to the support frame 1 to provide structural support, while the rotating wheel is rotatably mounted above the fixed base. This structure combines static load-bearing and dynamic rotation functions. The top surfaces of all support wheels 12 together form a horizontal support surface for supporting a coating frame 11. The coating frame 11 has an annular disc structure with multiple placement racks 16 evenly arranged radially on it. Each placement rack 16 has multiple equidistantly distributed placement units for precisely positioning and supporting the optical glass components to be coated.

[0030] refer to Figure 2 The support frame 1 has two sliding grooves 14 corresponding to the position of one of the placement racks 16. A movable clamping structure is provided between the two sliding grooves 14. The clamping structure can move along the direction of the sliding grooves 14 and perform step-by-step positioning according to the spacing of each placement unit on the aligned placement rack 16. During the loading stage, the clamping mechanism rises to the high position corresponding to the target placement unit and pushes out radially, so that the clamping position is in an open, visible position that is easy for manual operation or precise picking and placing by a robotic arm. After the loading is completed, the clamping structure moves down smoothly and accurately returns to the preset process position in the vacuum coating chamber, ensuring that the surface of the optical glass to be coated and the evaporation source maintain a constant geometric distance, meeting the process requirements of coating thickness uniformity and optical performance consistency.

[0031] The support frame 1 is equipped with a driving structure, which synchronously controls the intermittent rotation of the coating frame 11 and the movement of the clamping mechanism, so that the clamping mechanism can act sequentially on each placement unit of each placement rack 16 on the coating frame 11, realizing full-circumferential, fully automatic, and high-precision loading and positioning operations, significantly improving the efficiency, repeatability, and reliability of optical component pre-coating clamping.

[0032] refer to Figure 3 The clamping structure includes two sets of support rods 111 fixedly connected to the support frame 1. A guide frame 21 that can move vertically is slidably connected between the two sets of support rods 111. The guide frame 21 is arranged at an inclination along the extension direction of the slide groove 14 and is located in the upper area of ​​the slide groove 14. A slider 22 is slidably connected to the guide frame 21. A receiving frame 24 is fixedly provided on the top of the slider 22. Three support legs 25 are provided on the upper end of the receiving frame 24, which are evenly distributed in the circumference. The three support legs 25 together form an annular support base, which is used to pre-extend and stably support the optical lens to be coated before loading.

[0033] To enable the lifting function of the clamping structure, an electric push rod 2 is installed on the support frame 1. The output end of the electric push rod 2 is fixedly connected to the guide frame 21 and is used to drive the guide frame 21 to make precise vertical displacement along the support rod 111.

[0034] In the initial state, the slider 22 is located at the outermost position of the guide frame 21, corresponding to the place unit at the outermost end of one of the place frames 16.

[0035] During the assembly stage, the control system starts the electric push rod 2, which drives the guide frame 21 to move upward. The rise of the guide frame 21 simultaneously drives the slider 22 and the support leg 25 to extend upward through the corresponding placement unit, forming a high-level receiving surface, which makes it easy for operators or robotic arms to accurately place the optical lens on the support leg 25.

[0036] After the material is loaded, the electric push rod 2 reverses its movement, driving the guide frame 21 to move down and reset smoothly. The slider 22 and the support leg 25 then descend synchronously until they are completely back into the clearance space at the bottom of the placement unit. During this process, the optical lens that was originally supported by the support leg 25 naturally falls onto the receiving surface of the placement unit itself, completing reliable positioning. Meanwhile, the support leg 25 is in a low-position clearance state, avoiding interference with the rotation of the coating frame 11 or the working path of the evaporation source in the subsequent coating process, thus completing the loading action efficiently and without damage.

[0037] The clamping structure of this device adopts a layered, ring-by-ring, and orderly operation logic to achieve fully automatic and high-precision feeding of all placement units on the coating rack 11. Specifically, the operation process is divided into two stages: first, the outermost placement units of each placement rack 16 are fed sequentially, and then the process is advanced layer by layer inward to complete the feeding of the inner ring placement units.

[0038] refer to Figure 6 To achieve this logic, the coating rack 11 needs to rotate intermittently after the clamping structure completes a single turn of operation, so that the corresponding placement units on each placement rack 16 are aligned with the clamping position in sequence. For this purpose, a servo motor 5 is installed on the support frame 1. The output shaft of the servo motor 5 is connected to the rotating wheel key of one of the support wheels 12 through a belt 54. A column 13 is fixedly connected to the middle of the support frame 1. The column 13 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the coating rack 11, forming a rotation support center.

[0039] After the servo motor 5 is started, the power is transmitted to the support wheel 12 via the belt 54, driving the coating frame 11 to rotate smoothly around the column 13, so that the outermost placement unit of each placement frame 16 is positioned directly below the support leg 25 in sequence. During this process, the electric push rod 2 controls the guide frame 21 to rise and fall according to the program, driving the support leg 25 to complete the cycle of rising to receive and falling to avoid, thereby efficiently completing the loading of all placement units in the outermost ring.

[0040] After the outermost ring is completed, the clamping structure needs to be moved inward as a whole to align with the placement units of the next inner ring. For this purpose, refer to... Figure 3 Each slide groove 14 has a sliding block 15, and a telescopic component 23 is installed on the top of the sliding block 15. The telescopic end of the telescopic component 23 is fixedly connected to the slider 22. A guide rail frame 51 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 1. The guide rail frame 51 is provided with a multi-ring stepped annular closed guide rail. The guide rail profile is precisely designed so that it can sequentially push each telescopic component 23 to produce controlled radial displacement within a complete rotation cycle.

[0041] The multi-ring stepped annular closed guide rail of the guide rail frame 51 forms a contact and compression relationship with the side wall of the telescopic component 23. When the guide rail frame 51 rotates, the stepped annular closed guide rail applies a radial thrust to the telescopic component 23. Under the guidance and constraint of the slide groove 14, the thrust is converted into linear motion along the axis of the slide groove 14, thereby driving the moving block 15 and the slider 22 to move inward one station simultaneously and accurately position them directly below the next inner ring placement unit.

[0042] refer to Figure 6 The guide rail frame 51 is driven by the same servo motor 5: the output shaft of the servo motor 5 is keyed with gear 3 53, and the outer periphery of the guide rail frame 51 is keyed with gear 2 52. Gear 3 53 and gear 2 52 mesh and drive each other to ensure that the coating frame 11 and the guide rail frame 51 rotate synchronously for one revolution. During this synchronous rotation, while the coating frame 11 completes the outermost ring loading, the guide rail frame 51 also completes one revolution and pushes the telescopic component 23 inward through the guide rail contour at its end to achieve inward translation. Subsequently, the electric push rod 2 starts again, driving the support leg 25 to rise and receive the optical lens in the new position, completing the inner ring loading cycle. This process is repeated sequentially until all radial levels are covered.

[0043] To ensure that the clamping structure stops accurately when it reaches the innermost placement unit, the innermost ring of the guide rail frame 51 is provided with a hook 55. When the moving block 15 is driven to the innermost working position along with the telescopic component 23, it mechanically interferes with the hook 55, forcibly terminating the translational movement and preventing overshoot or positioning deviation.

[0044] After all placement units have been loaded, the control system commands the servo motor 5 to reverse, which drives the guide rail frame 51 to rotate in the opposite direction through gear 3 53 and gear 2 52. During this process, the guide rail contour applies a reverse thrust to the telescopic component 23. Under the guidance of the slide groove 14, the moving block 15 and the entire clamping structure gradually retract and finally return to the initial starting position, which is the waiting state directly below the first placement unit on the outermost side of the placement frame 16, preparing for the next round of loading cycle after the coating frame 11 rotates into place.

[0045] The entire system is precisely coordinated by the program to control the action rhythm of the servo motor 5 and the electric push rod 2. It follows the closed-loop process of the coating frame 11 rotating and positioning, the clamping structure lifting and feeding, the guide rail frame 51 rotating synchronously, the clamping structure moving inward and feeding repeatedly, and finally limiting and then automatically resetting. This achieves the complete, high-repeatability, and fully automated clamping of multi-turn, multi-station optical lenses.

[0046] refer to Figure 5 To achieve automatic centering and reliable positioning of the optical components on the support legs 25, a trigger frame 42 is slidably connected to the outer wall of each support leg 25. A spring 43 is provided between the trigger frame 42 and the support leg 25 to reset the trigger frame 42 to the initial position when no external force is applied. A swing plate 27 is hinged to the top side wall of the support leg 25. A torsion spring 4 is provided between the swing plate 27 and the support leg 25 to provide swing reset torque. In addition, a lug 44 is fixed to the outer wall of the support leg 25. A connecting rod 41 is rotatably connected to the lug 44. The two ends of the connecting rod 41 are respectively hinged to the swing plate 27 and the trigger frame 42 to form a linkage transmission mechanism.

[0047] In the initial state, the support leg 25 is in a low-position avoidance position, the trigger frame 42 is not subject to external constraints and is in an extended state under the action of the second spring 43, and the swing plate 27 maintains an initial vertical posture under the action of the torsion spring 4.

[0048] When the support leg 25 rises to the high receiving position under the drive of the electric push rod 2, it passes through the interior of the placement unit. The trigger frame 42 then enters the inner cavity of the placement unit and is radially compressed by the inner wall of the placement unit, thereby sliding inward along the outer wall of the support leg 25 and compressing the second spring 43. This displacement is transmitted to the swing plate 27 through the connecting rod 41, forcing the swing plate 27 to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring 4 and swing inward. Since the three support legs 25 are evenly distributed in the circumference, their corresponding swing plates 27 move synchronously towards the center, applying a uniform radial thrust to the optical element placed on the top of the support leg 25 to achieve automatic centering and positioning. At the same time, this action also forms a circumferential limit on the element to prevent it from shifting.

[0049] To avoid damage to the optical surface from rigid contact, a rubber pad 26 is attached to the inner side of the swing plate 27, which effectively reduces the coefficient of friction and impact stress when in contact with the component, thus balancing positioning accuracy and component protection.

[0050] When the feeding is completed and the support leg 25 moves down to reset, the trigger frame 42 is released from the constraint of the inner wall of the placement unit and resets outward under the restoring force of the spring 43. This action pulls the swing plate 27 to swing in the opposite direction through the connecting rod 41, while the torsion spring 4 assists it to quickly return to the initial open state, preparing for the next feeding cycle.

[0051] The above-mentioned centering and positioning mechanism is achieved through the pressure of the trigger frame 42, the transmission of the connecting rod 41, and the swing clamping of the swing plate 27. Without the need for an additional driving source, it can automatically complete the precise centering and flexible limiting of the component during the lifting process, which significantly improves the clamping consistency and process reliability. It is suitable for the automated pre-coating treatment of high-precision optical lenses.

[0052] To ensure that the optical components remain dust-free before coating and to address the issue of dust accumulation on the support legs 25 during long-term use, this device features a specially designed dust-blowing structure to reduce the probability of dust accumulation on the optical components. Specifically, a toothed rack 35 and a guide rod 33 are fixedly connected between the two sets of support rods 111, and are arranged parallel to the guide frame 21. A ventilation pipe 3 is connected through the axis of the receiving frame 24, and three dust-collecting components 31 are rotatably connected to the top of the ventilation pipe 3. Each dust-collecting component 31 is connected to the ventilation pipe 3 by a spring 36 to ensure its elastic restoring ability.

[0053] The dust collection component 31 is internally connected to the ventilation pipe 3. Each dust collection component 31 has several suction holes to facilitate dust collection. The three dust collection components 31 correspond one-to-one with the three support legs 25 and are attached to the top surface of the support legs 25 to remove dust particles from the surface of the support legs 25. The bottom of the ventilation pipe 3 is rotatably connected to the vacuum cleaner 32, which provides negative pressure suction for the entire system to ensure that dust can be effectively collected. The vacuum cleaner 32 is slidably connected to the guide rod 33. The guide rod 33 plays a role in bearing and guiding the vacuum cleaner 32, ensuring that it remains stable when moving with the moving block 15. In addition, the outer periphery of the ventilation pipe 3 is keyed with a gear 34, which intermittently meshes with the rack 35 to realize the rotation drive of the ventilation pipe 3.

[0054] In the initial state, the dust blowing structure is in a low-lying avoidance position along with the moving block 15. When the moving block 15 is driven by the guide rail frame 51 to move inward to the predetermined work position, the gear 34 and the rack 35 begin to mesh, driving the ventilation pipe 3 to rotate, which in turn drives the three dust suction components 31 to rotate synchronously, cleaning the top surface of the support leg 25. At the same time, the vacuum cleaner 32 is activated, adsorbing and collecting the dust on the top surface of the support leg 25 through the suction holes on the dust suction components 31. During this process, the dust suction components 31 continue to rotate and clean, ensuring that the cleaning effect is uniform and thorough.

[0055] When the support leg 25 rises to its high position to receive the optical components, the receiving frame 24 moves upward accordingly. At this time, the three dust-collecting components 31 are compressed inward due to the pressure on the top surface of the support leg 25. The spring 36 deforms, causing the dust-collecting components 31 to move out of position, thus avoiding obstructing the upward movement of the support leg 25 and the subsequent placement of the optical components. After the receiving frame 24 completes the loading and moves down to its reset position, the three dust-collecting components 31 are no longer under pressure. Under the action of the spring 36, they automatically unfold and re-attach to the top surface of the support leg 25 to continue performing the dust-cleaning task, ensuring that the support leg 25 always remains clean and is ready for the next loading.

[0056] This dust-blowing structure, through the coordinated design of mechanical transmission, rotary sweeping, and negative pressure suction, effectively cleans dust from the surface of the support leg 25, significantly reducing the risk of contamination of optical components during the clamping process.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A component placement device for precision instrument parts processing, comprising a support frame (1), wherein the support frame (1) is provided with a plurality of symmetrically distributed support wheels (12), each support wheel (12) is composed of a fixed base and a rotating wheel, the fixed base is fixedly connected to the support frame (1), and the rotating wheel is rotatably mounted above the fixed base; all support wheels (12) are provided with coating racks (11), and the coating racks (11) are provided with a plurality of placement racks (16), each placement rack (16) being provided with a plurality of placement units for precisely positioning and supporting optical glass components to be coated, characterized in that: The support frame (1) is provided with two sliding grooves (14), and a clamping structure is provided between the two sliding grooves (14). The support frame (1) is provided with a driving structure.

2. The component placement device for machining precision instrument parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping structure includes two sets of support rods (111) fixedly connected to the support frame (1), a guide frame (21) is provided between the two sets of support rods (111), a slider (22) is provided on the guide frame (21), a receiving frame (24) is provided on the slider (22), and three support legs (25) are provided on the receiving frame (24).

3. The component placement device for machining precision instrument parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electric push rod (2) is installed on the support frame (1), and the output end of the electric push rod (2) is fixedly connected to the guide frame (21).

4. The component placement device for machining precision instrument parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: A servo motor (5) is installed on the support frame (1). The output shaft of the servo motor (5) is connected to the rotating wheel of one of the support wheels (12) via a belt (54). A column (13) is provided on the support frame (1). The column (13) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the coating frame (11).

5. The component placement device for machining precision instrument parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each slide (14) is provided with a moving block (15), and the moving block (15) is provided with a telescopic component (23). The telescopic end of the telescopic component (23) is fixedly connected to the slider (22). The support frame (1) is provided with a guide rail frame (51). The guide rail frame (51) is provided with multiple guide rails. The guide rail of the guide rail frame (51) and the side wall of the telescopic component (23) form a contact and extrusion relationship. The output shaft of the servo motor (5) is keyed with a gear three (53). The guide rail frame (51) is provided with a gear two (52). The gear three (53) and the gear two (52) mesh and drive each other.

6. The component placement device for machining precision instrument parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The innermost ring of the guide rail frame (51) is equipped with a hook (55).

7. The component placement device for machining precision instrument parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each support leg (25) is provided with a trigger frame (42), and a spring (43) is provided between the trigger frame (42) and the support leg (25). A swing plate (27) is provided on the support leg (25), and a torsion spring (4) is provided between the swing plate (27) and the support leg (25). A support lug (44) is provided on the support leg (25), and a connecting rod (41) is provided on the support lug (44). The two ends of the connecting rod (41) are respectively hinged to the swing plate (27) and the trigger frame (42).

8. The component placement device for machining precision instrument parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rubber pad (26) is provided on the swing plate (27).

9. The component placement device for machining precision instrument parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: A toothed rack (35) and a guide rod (33) are provided between the two sets of support rods (111). A ventilation pipe (3) is provided on the support frame (24). Three dust collection parts (31) are provided on the ventilation pipe (3). A spring (36) is provided between each dust collection part (31) and the ventilation pipe (3).

10. The component placement device for machining precision instrument parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vacuum cleaner (31) is connected to the ventilation pipe (3) and has several suction holes. The vacuum cleaner (31) is attached to the top surface of the support leg (25). The ventilation pipe (3) is equipped with a vacuum cleaner (32). The vacuum cleaner (32) is slidably connected to the guide rod (33). The ventilation pipe (3) is equipped with a gear (34). The gear (34) meshes with the rack (35).

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