A laser cladding apparatus for cold roll surface repair and method of use
By introducing protective and drying mechanisms into the laser cladding equipment, the problems of slag spatter and insufficient powder drying during the surface repair of cold rolling rolls have been solved, achieving a safe and efficient repair process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUXI GUANGHONG LASER TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing laser cladding equipment lacks effective protective facilities during the repair of cold rolling roll surfaces, resulting in a high risk of worker injury and difficulty in cleaning up welding slag spatter. In addition, insufficient powder drying affects the cladding effect.
A laser cladding device including a protective mechanism and a drying mechanism was designed. The protective mechanism prevents welding slag from splashing through a protective cover and collects it for cleaning. The drying mechanism removes moisture by agitating the powder to ensure the quality of cladding.
It effectively prevents worker injuries, simplifies slag cleaning, improves the bonding strength and cladding effect of the cladding layer, reduces porosity, and enhances repair efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN122147312A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of cold rolling roll surface repair technology, and in particular to a laser cladding device and method for using cold rolling roll surface repair. Background Technology
[0002] Cold rolling roll surface repair primarily aims to restore its performance, extend its service life, and ensure the quality of rolled products. Simply put, repair avoids frequent roll replacements, saving costs, and results in smoother, flatter rolled steel sheets. Common repair methods include grinding, laser cladding, and welding, with laser cladding becoming increasingly popular due to its high efficiency and minimal heat-affected zone. Repair not only extends roll life but also significantly reduces production costs.
[0003] When performing surface repair on cold rolling rolls, existing laser cladding equipment lacks protective facilities, resulting in a significant distance between workers and the equipment. This makes it difficult to address any issues promptly. Furthermore, welding slag flies everywhere during operation, posing a high risk of injury to workers operating at close range. Moreover, the lack of slag shielding leads to large areas of slag spatter, making post-use cleaning difficult. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a laser cladding device and a method for using it for surface repair of cold rolling rolls.
[0005] The technical solution is as follows: A laser cladding device for surface repair of cold rolling rolls includes a frame, a support frame, and a motor. The support frame is located on one side of the frame, and the motor is housed within the frame. A three-jaw chuck is located at the output end of the motor. A tailstock tip is located on one side of the support frame. The three-jaw chuck and the tailstock tip cooperate to clamp and fix the cold rolling roll. A robotic arm is located on the top of the support frame, with a flame torch at its front end and a laser cladding head also mounted on the robotic arm. A protective mechanism is located on the frame to protect the cold rolling roll during repair. This protective mechanism is connected to the output end of the motor. A drying mechanism is located on the support frame to dry the laser cladding powder. This drying mechanism is connected to the protective mechanism.
[0006] Optionally, the protective mechanism includes a protective unit, which includes a support body fixedly mounted on a frame. The support body has two centrally symmetrical telescopic grooves, and the support body has two centrally symmetrical sliding grooves connected to the telescopic grooves. A protective cover is installed within the telescopic groove, and the protective cover is movably connected to the sliding groove. Blocks are provided on both sides of the protective cover, located on the side where the two protective covers are close to each other. A drive unit connected to the protective cover is provided at the output end of the motor, and the drive unit can drive the extension and retraction of the protective cover.
[0007] Optionally, the drive unit includes an arc-shaped rack fixedly mounted on one side of the protective cover, and first gears are provided on both sides of the support body. The first gears mesh with the arc-shaped rack. The output end of the motor is provided with a driving gear, and a driven gear is meshed below the driving gear. A gear shaft is provided on the driven gear and is movably connected to the frame. The gear shaft is connected to the first gear. The end of the gear shaft away from the driven gear passes through the support body and is movably connected to the support frame. A check unit is provided between the first gear and the gear shaft. The check unit can prevent the protective cover from retracting itself after being extended.
[0008] Optionally, the check valve unit includes a ratchet, a threaded strip fixedly connected to the gear shaft, a bushing movably connected inside the ratchet, a threaded groove inside the bushing, the threaded strip meshing with the threaded groove, two rows of teeth in opposite directions on the ratchet, a telescopic spring on one side of the ratchet located outside the bushing, an electromagnet fixedly connected to one side of the bushing and rotatably connected to the gear shaft, one side of the electromagnet connected to one end of the telescopic spring, two check valve grooves in opposite directions on the first gear, a support rod on the first gear, two pawls corresponding to the check valve grooves movably connected to the support rod, with a tooth-width distance between the two pawls, a check valve spring on each pawl, one end of the check valve spring connected to the check valve groove, and the electromagnet attracting the ratchet when energized; the spring force of the check valve spring is greater than the resultant force of the weight of the protective cover and the thrust of the ratchet, and less than the resultant force of the weight of the protective cover, the thrust of the ratchet, and the resistance of the stop block.
[0009] Optionally, the protective mechanism further includes a cleaning unit for cleaning welding slag that falls into the support body. The cleaning unit includes a cleaning block movably connected to the support body. A reciprocating groove is provided on the gear shaft, and the reciprocating groove is located inside the support body. A slider is provided on the reciprocating groove, and a magnetic block is provided on the top of the slider. The magnetic block is magnetically attracted to the cleaning block. A movable groove is provided inside the support body, and both the slider and the magnetic block move within the movable groove. When the gear shaft rotates, the gear shaft drives the slider to move through the reciprocating groove. The slider drives the magnetic block to move, and the magnetic block drives the cleaning block to move through magnetism. The movement of the cleaning block can push the welding slag inside the support body to both sides, which facilitates timely cleaning of the welding slag and prevents the welding slag from sticking together in contact with the support body for a long time, making cleaning difficult.
[0010] Optionally, the drying mechanism includes a drying unit for drying powder. The drying unit includes a drying box located on top of a support frame. The drying box is connected to a robotic arm. Drying chambers are provided on both sides of the drying box. A powder conveying pipe connected to a laser cladding head is provided inside the drying chamber.
[0011] Optionally, the drying mechanism further includes a power unit for agitating the powder in the drying chamber. The power unit includes a rotating shaft movably connected to the drying chamber. Both the rotating shaft and the gear shaft are provided with transmission wheels. A synchronous belt is provided on both transmission wheels. A second gear is provided on the rotating shaft. A third gear is symmetrically meshed with the second gear. A rotating shaft movably connected to the drying chamber is provided on the third gear. Several stirring plates are provided on the rotating shaft. The stirring plates are located inside the drying chamber.
[0012] Optionally, collection boxes can be detachably connected to both sides of the support body, and the collection boxes are located above the first gear.
[0013] Optionally, the support body is provided with symmetrically distributed scrapers on both sides, and the scrapers are in contact with the inner side of the protective cover.
[0014] A method for using laser cladding equipment for surface repair of cold rolling rolls, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1: Preparation: The cold rolling roll is fixed and clamped by the three-jaw chuck and the tailstock center. The powder for cladding is added into the drying box and dried by the drying mechanism. S2: Laser cladding: Workers use robotic arms to control flame guns to preheat cold rolling rolls and control laser cladding heads to repair the surface of cold rolling rolls; S3: Physical protection: The welding slag is contained within the protective cover by the protective mechanism to protect personnel and reduce the risk of injury; S4: End of work: The worker removes the cold rolling roll with the surface repaired and cleans the welding slag in the collection box.
[0015] The technical advantages of this invention compared to other inventions are as follows: 1. The present invention can protect the cold rolling roll by setting a protective mechanism, so as to prevent the failure to deal with emergencies in time when repairing the surface of the cold rolling roll. At the same time, it can also prevent welding slag from flying everywhere during the laser cladding process, preventing injury to the operators. In addition, the protective mechanism can also concentrate the welding slag, making it easy for workers to clean up after use. 2. The present invention can agitate the powder to be clad in the drying chamber through the drying mechanism, which facilitates the drying of the powder, removes residual moisture from the powder, prevents moisture and impurities in the powder from changing the thermal expansion coefficient of the material, aggravating thermal stress, reducing the porosity of the cladding layer, improving the cladding effect, and avoiding repair failure. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the extended protective cover of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the protective cover of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning unit of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the check valve unit of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the ratchet of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first gear of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the drying oven of the present invention. Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the support body of the present invention.
[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Cold rolling roll, 2. Frame, 3. Support frame, 301. Tailstock center, 4. Motor, 5. Three-jaw chuck, 6. Flame torch, 7. Laser cladding head, 8. Robotic arm, 9. Support body, 10. Protective cover, 101. Stop, 11. Telescopic groove, 12. Sliding groove, 13. Arc-shaped rack, 14. First gear, 15. Driving gear, 16. Driven gear, 17. Gear shaft, 1701. Threaded strip, 18. Ratchet, 1801 1802. Threaded groove, 19. Bushing, 20. Telescopic spring, 21. Electromagnet, 22. Pawl, 23. Support rod, 24. Check spring, 25. Check groove, 26. Reciprocating groove, 27. Slider, 28. Magnetic block, 29. Cleaning block, 30. Drying chamber, 31. Synchronous belt, 32. Rotating shaft, 33. Second gear, 34. Third gear, 35. Rotating shaft, 36. Stirring plate, 37. Powder conveying pipe, 38. Collection box, 39. Scraper. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0019] Example 1: A laser cladding device for surface repair of cold rolling rolls, such as... Figure 1-12As shown, the machine includes a frame 2, a support frame 3 fixedly connected to one side of the frame 2, a motor 4 fixedly connected inside the frame 2, a three-jaw chuck 5 fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 4, a tailstock tip 301 set on one side of the support frame 3, the three-jaw chuck 5 and the tailstock tip 301 cooperate to clamp and fix the cold rolling roll 1, a robot arm 8 set on the top of the support frame 3, a flame spray gun 6 fixedly connected to the front end of the robot arm 8, a laser cladding head 7 fixedly connected to the robot arm 8, a protective mechanism set on the frame 2, the protective mechanism is used to protect the cold rolling roll 1 during repair, the protective mechanism is connected to the output end of the motor 4, a drying mechanism set on the support frame 3, the drying mechanism is used to dry the laser cladding powder, the drying mechanism is connected to the protective mechanism; When repairing the surface of the cold rolling roll 1, the worker first hoists the cold rolling roll 1 to the top of the frame 2 using a hoisting device. One end of the cold rolling roll 1 is fixed by the three-jaw chuck 5, and the other end of the cold rolling roll 1 is then tightened by the tailstock tip 301, thus fixing the cold rolling roll 1 in place. At the same time, the powder to be clad is added to the drying mechanism for drying to prevent moisture and impurities in the powder from changing the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material, aggravating thermal stress, causing cracks or increased porosity of the cladding layer, and deviation in the thickness of the cladding layer, which could lead to repair failure. Then, the worker starts the motor 4, and the output of the motor 4 drives the three-jaw chuck 5 to rotate, which in turn drives the cold rolling roll 1 to rotate. The rotation of the cold rolling roll 1 ensures that the flame gun 6 is preheated evenly during the preheating process. Better preheating ensures a good laser cladding effect during surface repair of the cold rolling roll 1. During this process, the worker controls the robotic arm 8, which in turn controls the flame torch 6 to preheat the surface repair area of the cold rolling roll 1. Preheating reduces the temperature difference between the substrate and the cladding layer, minimizing thermal stress. When the flame torch 6 preheats the preheated area of the cold rolling roll 1 to 200-400℃, the robotic arm 8 extends outward, moving the flame torch 6 to the other end of the cold rolling roll 1 until the entire area requiring repair is preheated. After the flame torch 6 has preheated the cold rolling roll 1 for a certain distance, the worker uses the robotic arm 8 to control the laser cladding head 7 to perform surface repair on the preheated area of the cold rolling roll 1, ensuring a smooth repair of the surface and the cold rolling roll 1. The base material is integrated, achieving high repair strength and minimal deformation. Simultaneously, during the operation of motor 4, the output shaft of motor 4 drives the protective mechanism, which encloses the cold rolling roll 1 to prevent unforeseen circumstances from occurring during repair. This also prevents welding slag from flying everywhere during laser cladding, thus avoiding injury to operators. Furthermore, the protective mechanism collects the welding slag for easy cleaning after use. After the flame gun 6 preheats the repair area of the cold rolling roll 1, the worker turns off the flame gun 6, stopping the preheating process. Once the cold rolling roll 1 is repaired, the worker uses the robotic arm 8 to control the flame gun 6 and laser cladding head 7 to reset, and the protective mechanism also resets, stopping the protection.
[0020] In this invention, the protective mechanism includes a protective unit, which includes a support body 9 fixedly connected to the frame 2. The support body 9 has two centrally symmetrical telescopic grooves 11 and two centrally symmetrical sliding grooves 12. The sliding grooves 12 communicate with the telescopic grooves 11. A protective cover 10 is slidably connected within the telescopic grooves 11 and is slidably connected to the sliding grooves 12. Blocks 101 are provided on both sides of the protective cover 10, located on the side where the two protective covers 10 are close to each other. A drive unit connected to the protective cover 10 is provided on the output end of the motor 4. The drive unit can drive the protective cover 10 to extend and retract. The protective cover 10 is made of transparent material, facilitating observation of the laser cladding process during the repair of the surface of the cold rolling roll 1. When repairing the surface of the cold rolling roll 1, the motor 4 operates, and the output end of the motor 4 drives the drive unit to operate, which in turn drives the protective cover 10. The protective cover 10 moves within the telescopic groove 11 and extends from the support body 9. When the protective cover 10 extends to its position, the stop block 101 contacts the telescopic groove 11, and the protective cover 10 stops extending. After the surface of the cold rolling roll 1 is repaired, the worker controls the motor 4 to rotate. The output end of the motor 4 drives the protective cover 10 to rotate in the opposite direction through the drive unit, and the protective cover 10 retracts into the support body 9. After the protective cover 10 is reset, the motor 4 can be turned off. Because the material of the cold rolling roll 1 (such as high carbon steel) and the expansion coefficient of the cladding layer are very different, rapid cooling can easily cause micro-cracks and reduce the bonding strength. The setting of the protective cover 10 can play a certain heat preservation role, slow down the cooling rate, reduce the risk of cracking, improve the bonding strength between the cladding layer and the cold rolling roll 1, and improve the cladding efficiency. At the same time, the protective cover 10 can limit the spatter range of the welding slag, reduce the spatter area of the welding slag, reduce the difficulty of cleaning, and avoid the situation where the welding slag spatter injures people.
[0021] In this invention, the drive unit includes an arc-shaped rack 13 fixedly connected to one side of the protective cover 10. The two arc-shaped racks 13 are located on different sides of the two protective covers 10. A first gear 14 is provided on both sides of the support body 9, meshing with the arc-shaped rack 13. A drive gear 15 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 4. A driven gear 16 meshes below the drive gear 15. A gear shaft 17, movably connected to the frame 2, is fixedly connected to the driven gear 16. The gear shaft 17 is connected to the first gear 14. The end of the gear shaft 17 away from the driven gear 16 passes through the support body 9 and is movably connected to the support frame 3. A check unit is provided between the first gear 14 and the gear shaft 17. The check unit prevents the protective cover 10 from retracting automatically after extension. The two check units are symmetrically arranged. In use, when repairing the surface of the cold rolling roll 1, the motor 4 operates... When the output of motor 4 drives the drive gear 15 to rotate, the drive gear 15 meshes with the driven gear 16, and the driven gear 16 drives the gear shaft 17 to rotate. The gear shaft 17 drives the first gear 14 to rotate through the check unit. Since the first gear 14 meshes with the arc rack 13, the first gear 14 drives the arc rack 13 to rotate, and the arc rack 13 in turn drives the protective cover 10 to move, so that the protective cover 10 extends out of the telescopic groove 11. The check unit can prevent the protective cover 10 from automatically retracting back into the telescopic groove 11. After the surface of the cold rolling roll 1 is repaired, the worker controls motor 4 to rotate in the opposite direction. Motor 4 drives the first gear 14 to rotate in the opposite direction. The first gear 14 drives the protective cover 10 to retract back into the telescopic groove 11 for reset through the arc rack 13. After the protective cover 10 is reset, the worker turns off motor 4.
[0022] In this invention, the check valve unit includes a ratchet 18, a threaded bar 1701 fixedly connected to a gear shaft 17, a bushing 1802 slidably connected inside the ratchet 18, a threaded groove 1801 formed inside the bushing 1802, the threaded bar 1701 meshing with the threaded groove 1801, two rows of oppositely oriented teeth fixedly connected to the ratchet 18, a telescopic spring 19 fixedly connected to one side of the ratchet 18, the telescopic spring 19 located outside the bushing 1802, an electromagnet 20 rotatably connected to one side of the bushing 1802, one side of the electromagnet 20 fixedly connected to one end of the telescopic spring 19, and a first gear 14 having... Two check grooves 24 are provided in opposite directions. A support rod 22 is fixedly connected to the first gear 14. Two pawls 21 corresponding to the check grooves 24 are rotatably connected to the support rod 22, and the two pawls 21 are spaced apart by one tooth. A check spring 23 is fixedly connected to the pawl 21, and one end of the check spring 23 is fixedly connected to the check groove 24. When the electromagnet 20 is energized, it will attract the ratchet 18. The elastic force of the check spring 23 is greater than the resultant force of the weight of the protective cover 10 and the thrust of the ratchet 18, and less than the resultant force of the weight of the protective cover 10, the thrust of the ratchet 18, and the resistance of the stop block 101. Initially, if... Figure 9As shown, the left teeth on the left ratchet 18 contact the left pawl 21 on the left first gear 14, and the right teeth on the right ratchet 18 contact the right pawl 21 on the right first gear 14. During use, when repairing the surface of the cold rolling roll 1, the gear shaft 17 rotates, causing the threaded strip 1701 to rotate, which in turn drives the bushing 1802 to rotate counterclockwise through the threaded groove 1801. The bushing 1802 then drives the ratchet 18 to rotate counterclockwise. The straight surface of one side of the ratchet 18 engages with the straight surface of the corresponding pawl 21. Because there is a one-tooth gap between the two pawls 21, the teeth on the other side of the ratchet 18 will not contact the other pawl 21. The gear shaft 17 drives the ratchet 18 and pawl 21 to rotate counterclockwise. Since the spring force of the check spring 23 is greater than the combined force of the weight of the protective cover 10 and the thrust of the ratchet 18, the gear shaft 17 drives the first gear 14 to rotate counterclockwise. This, in turn, pushes the protective cover 10 out through the arc-shaped rack 13. It is worth noting that the thread directions of the threaded bars 1701 and threaded grooves 1801 on both sides are opposite. That is, when the gear shaft 17 drives the first gear 14 on one side to rotate counterclockwise, the first gear 14 on the other side will rotate clockwise, driving the corresponding protective cover 10 to extend, ensuring that both protective covers 10 extend simultaneously for protection and retract to their original positions. When the protective cover 10 extends to… When in position, the stop 101 contacts the top of the telescopic groove 11. Since the elastic force of the check spring 23 is less than the combined force of the weight of the protective cover 10, the thrust of the ratchet 18, and the resistance of the stop 101, when the gear shaft 17 continues to rotate, the teeth on the ratchet 18 will push the pawl 21 back into the check groove 24, and the check spring 23 will be compressed. When the teeth on the ratchet 18 separate from the pawl 21, the pawl 21 will reset under the elastic force of the check spring 23, thereby blocking the adjacent teeth. The adjacent teeth will then push the pawl 21 back into the check groove 24. This cycle ensures that the protective cover 10 cannot retract into the telescopic groove 11 on its own after being extended. When the cold... After the roll 1 is repaired, when the flame gun 6 and laser cladding head 7 are reset, the worker starts the electromagnet 20. The electromagnet 20 generates an attraction force on the ratchet 18, thereby controlling the ratchet 18 to move closer to the electromagnet 20. The telescopic spring 19 is compressed. At the same time, the teeth on the ratchet 18 that are in contact with the pawl 21 will gradually disengage from the corresponding pawl 21, and the teeth that are disengaged from the pawl 21 will gradually re-engage with the corresponding teeth. At the same time, the worker controls the motor 4 to rotate in the reverse direction, which will drive the first gear 14 to rotate in the reverse direction, thereby retracting the protective cover 10 into the telescopic groove 11. When the stop block 101 contacts the bottom of the telescopic groove 11, the protective cover 10 is reset, and the worker turns off the motor 4.
[0023] In this invention, the drying mechanism includes a drying unit for drying powder. The drying unit includes a drying box 29 fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 3. The drying box 29 is connected to the robot arm 8. Drying chambers 30 are provided on both sides of the drying box 29. A powder conveying pipe 37 connected to the laser cladding head 7 is fixedly connected inside the drying chamber 30. Before repairing the cold rolling roll 1, the worker puts the powder into the drying chamber 30 of the drying box 29 to dry the powder. When the cold rolling roll 1 needs to be repaired, the powder is transported to the laser cladding head 7 through the powder conveying pipe 37 by an external suction device, and then the surface of the cold rolling roll 1 that needs to be repaired is laser clad to achieve the surface repair of the cold rolling roll 1.
[0024] In this invention, the drying mechanism further includes a power unit for agitating the powder in the drying chamber 30. The power unit includes a rotating shaft 32 rotatably connected to the drying chamber 29. Both the rotating shaft 32 and the gear shaft 17 are fixedly connected to transmission wheels. A synchronous belt 31 is provided on both transmission wheels. A second gear 33 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 32. A third gear 34 is symmetrically meshed with the second gear 33. A rotating shaft 35 rotatably connected to the third gear 34 is fixedly connected to the third gear 34. A plurality of stirring plates 36 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 35. The stirring plates 36 are located in the drying chamber 29. Inside the drying chamber 30; when the gear shaft 17 rotates, the transmission wheel on the gear shaft 17 drives the transmission wheel on the rotating shaft 32 to rotate via the synchronous belt 31. The rotating shaft 32 rotates accordingly, and the rotating shaft 32 drives the second gear 33 to rotate. Through the meshing of the second gear 33 and the third gear 34, the second gear 33 drives the third gear 34 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 35 to rotate. The rotating shaft 35 drives the stirring plate 36 to rotate. The stirring plate 36 stirs the powder in the drying chamber 30, which facilitates the drying of the powder, removes residual moisture from the powder, reduces the porosity of the cladding layer, and improves the cladding effect.
[0025] In this invention, collection boxes 38 are detachably connected to both sides of the support body 9. The collection boxes 38 are located above the first gear 14. When the cleaning block 28 cleans the welding slag inside the support body 9, the welding slag will fall into the collection box 38. Since the collection box 38 is detachable, after the cold rolling roll 1 is repaired, the worker can remove the collection box 38, pour out the collected welding slag, and then install the collection box 38 back onto the support body 9 to prepare for the next collection. The collection box 38 can directly and automatically collect welding slag without the need for manual cleaning and collection, which reduces the workload of workers and helps to improve work efficiency.
[0026] In this invention, symmetrically distributed scrapers 39 are fixedly connected to both sides of the support body 9, and the scrapers 39 are in contact with the inner side of the protective cover 10. When the protective cover 10 is retracted after the cold rolling roll 1 is repaired, the scrapers 39 can clean the welding slag that splashes onto the protective cover 10, preventing the welding slag from obstructing the movement of the protective cover 10.
[0027] Example 2: As Figure 1-12 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, in this invention, the protective mechanism further includes a cleaning unit for cleaning welding slag that falls into the support body 9. The cleaning unit includes a cleaning block 28 that is slidably connected to the support body 9. A reciprocating groove 25 is provided on the gear shaft 17, which is located inside the support body 9. A slider 26 is threadedly connected to the reciprocating groove 25, and a magnetic block 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the slider 26. The magnetic block 27 and the cleaning block 28 are magnetically attracted. A movable groove is provided inside the support body 9, and both the slider 26 and the magnetic block 27 move within the movable groove. When the gear shaft 17 rotates, the gear shaft 17 drives the slider 26 to move through the reciprocating groove 25. The slider 26 drives the magnetic block 27 to move, and the magnetic block 27 drives the cleaning block 28 to move through magnetism. The movement of the cleaning block 28 can push the welding slag inside the support body 9 to both sides, which facilitates timely cleaning of the welding slag and prevents the welding slag from sticking together in contact with the support body 9 for a long time, making cleaning difficult.
[0028] Example 3: A method for using laser cladding equipment for surface repair of cold rolling rolls, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1: Preparation: The cold rolling roll 1 is fixed and clamped by the three-jaw chuck 5 and the tailstock tip 301. The powder for cladding is added into the drying box 29 and dried by the drying mechanism. S2: Laser cladding: Workers use robotic arms 8 to control flame guns 6 to preheat cold rolling rolls 1 and control laser cladding heads 7 to repair the surface of cold rolling rolls 1; S3: Physical protection: The welding slag is contained within the protective cover 10 by the protective mechanism to protect personnel and reduce the risk of injury; S4: End of work: The worker removes the surface-repaired cold rolling roll 1 and cleans the welding slag in the collection box 38.
[0029] Working Principle: When surface repair of the cold rolling roll 1 is required, the worker first hoists the roll 1 to the top of the frame 2 using a hoisting device. One end of the roll 1 is fixed using a three-jaw chuck 5, and the other end is then secured using a tailstock center 301, thus fixing the roll 1 in place. Simultaneously, the powder to be clad is added to the drying mechanism for drying to prevent moisture and impurities in the powder from altering the material's coefficient of thermal expansion, exacerbating thermal stress, and causing cracks or increased porosity in the cladding layer, leading to thickness deviations and repair failure. Then, the worker starts the motor 4, whose output drives the three-jaw chuck 5 to rotate, which in turn rotates the cold rolling roll 1. Rotation ensures uniform preheating of the flame torch 6 during the preheating process, resulting in better preheating and ensuring a good laser cladding effect when the cold rolling roll 1 undergoes surface repair. During this process, the worker controls the robotic arm 8, which in turn controls the flame torch 6 to preheat the surface repair area of the cold rolling roll 1. Preheating reduces the temperature difference between the substrate and the cladding layer of the cold rolling roll 1, minimizing thermal stress. When the flame torch 6 preheats the preheated area of the cold rolling roll 1 to 200-400℃, the robotic arm 8 extends outward, moving the flame torch 6 to the other end of the cold rolling roll 1 until the entire area requiring repair is preheated. After the flame torch 6 has preheated the cold rolling roll 1 for a certain distance, the worker controls the robotic arm 8 to... The laser cladding head 7 performs surface repair on the preheated area of the cold rolling roll 1, ensuring that the repair layer and the substrate of the cold rolling roll 1 are fused together, achieving high repair strength and minimal deformation. Simultaneously, during the operation of the motor 4, the output shaft of the motor 4 drives the protective mechanism, which encloses the cold rolling roll 1 to prevent unforeseen circumstances from occurring during surface repair. This also prevents welding slag from flying everywhere during laser cladding, thus preventing injury to the operator. Furthermore, the protective mechanism collects the welding slag for easy cleaning after use. After the flame torch 6 finishes preheating the repaired area of the cold rolling roll 1, the operator turns off the flame torch 6, stopping the preheating process. When the cold rolling roll 1... After the repair is completed, the worker uses the robotic arm 8 to control the flame gun 6 and the laser cladding head 7 to reset, and at the same time the protective mechanism is also reset and the protection stops. When repairing the surface of the cold rolling roll 1, the motor 4 works, and the output end of the motor 4 drives the drive unit to work. The drive unit drives the protective cover 10 to move in the telescopic groove 11 and extend from the support body 9. When the protective cover 10 extends into place, the stop block 101 contacts the telescopic groove 11, and the protective cover 10 stops extending. After the surface of the cold rolling roll 1 is repaired, the worker controls the motor 4 to rotate, and the output end of the motor 4 drives the protective cover 10 to rotate in the opposite direction through the drive unit. The protective cover 10 retracts into the support body 9. After the protective cover 10 is reset, the motor 4 is turned off.Because the expansion coefficients of the cold rolling roll 1 material (such as high carbon steel) and the cladding layer differ greatly, rapid cooling can easily cause micro-cracks, reducing the bonding strength. The protective cover 10 can provide a certain degree of heat preservation, slow down the cooling rate, reduce the risk of cracking, improve the bonding strength between the cladding layer and the cold rolling roll 1, and increase the cladding efficiency. At the same time, the protective cover 10 can limit the spatter range of welding slag, reduce the spatter area, reduce the difficulty of cleaning, and prevent welding slag from injuring people. When repairing the surface of the cold rolling roll 1, the motor 4 works, and the output end of the motor 4 drives the drive gear 15 to rotate. Since the drive gear 15 meshes with the driven gear 16, the drive gear 15 drives the driven gear 16 to rotate. The moving gear 16 drives the gear shaft 17 to rotate. The gear shaft 17 drives the first gear 14 to rotate through the check unit. Since the first gear 14 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 13, the first gear 14 drives the arc-shaped rack 13 to rotate. The arc-shaped rack 13 then drives the protective cover 10 to move, so that the protective cover 10 extends out of the telescopic groove 11. The check unit can prevent the protective cover 10 from automatically retracting back into the telescopic groove 11. After the surface of the cold rolling roll 1 is repaired, the worker controls the motor 4 to rotate in the opposite direction. The motor 4 drives the first gear 14 to rotate in the opposite direction. The first gear 14 drives the protective cover 10 to retract back into the telescopic groove 11 for reset through the arc-shaped rack 13. After the protective cover 10 is reset, the worker turns off the motor 4.
[0030] The present application has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.
Claims
1. A laser cladding device for surface repair of cold rolling rolls, characterized in that, The machine includes a frame (2), a support frame (3), and a motor (4). The support frame (3) is provided on one side of the frame (2), and the motor (4) is provided inside the frame (2). A three-jaw chuck (5) is provided at the output end of the motor (4). A tailstock tip (301) is provided on one side of the support frame (3). A robot arm (8) is provided on the top of the support frame (3). A flame spray gun (6) is provided at the front end of the robot arm (8). A laser cladding head (7) is also provided on the robot arm (8). A protective mechanism is provided on the frame (2). The protective mechanism is used to protect the cold rolling roll (1) during the repair of the cold rolling roll (1). The protective mechanism is connected to the output end of the motor (4). A drying mechanism is provided on the support frame (3). The drying mechanism is used to dry the powder clad by laser. The drying mechanism is connected to the protective mechanism.
2. The laser cladding equipment for surface repair of cold rolling rolls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective mechanism includes a protective unit, which includes a support body (9) fixedly mounted on the frame (2). The support body (9) has two centrally symmetrical telescopic grooves (11) and two centrally symmetrical sliding grooves (12) on the support body (9). The sliding grooves (12) are connected to the telescopic grooves (11). A protective cover (10) is provided in the telescopic grooves (11). The protective cover (10) is movably connected to the sliding grooves (12). A stop block (101) is provided on both sides of the protective cover (10). The stop block (101) is located on the side where the two protective covers (10) are close to each other. A drive unit connected to the protective cover (10) is provided on the output end of the motor (4). The drive unit can drive the protective cover (10) to extend and retract.
3. The laser cladding equipment for surface repair of cold rolling rolls according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive unit includes an arc-shaped rack (13) fixedly mounted on one side of the protective cover (10). The support body (9) is provided with first gears (14) on both sides. The first gears (14) mesh with the arc-shaped rack (13). The output end of the motor (4) is provided with a drive gear (15). A driven gear (16) is meshed below the drive gear (15). A gear shaft (17) is provided on the driven gear (16) and is movably connected to the frame (2). The gear shaft (17) is connected to the first gear (14). The end of the gear shaft (17) away from the driven gear (16) passes through the support body (9) and is movably connected to the support frame (3). A check unit is provided between the first gear (14) and the gear shaft (17). The check unit can prevent the protective cover (10) from retracting itself after being extended.
4. The laser cladding equipment for surface repair of cold rolling rolls according to claim 3, characterized in that, The check valve unit includes a ratchet (18), a threaded bar (1701) fixedly connected to the gear shaft (17), a bushing (1802) movably connected inside the ratchet (18), a threaded groove (1801) opened inside the bushing (1802), the threaded bar (1701) meshing with the threaded groove (1801), two rows of teeth in opposite directions are provided on the ratchet (18), a telescopic spring (19) is provided on one side of the ratchet (18), the telescopic spring (19) is located outside the bushing (1802), and a component rotatably connected to the gear shaft (17) is fixedly connected to one side of the bushing (1802). An electromagnet (20) is provided, one side of which is connected to one end of a telescopic spring (19). Two check grooves (24) with opposite directions are provided on the first gear (14). A support rod (22) is provided on the first gear (14). Two pawls (21) corresponding to the check grooves (24) are movably connected on the support rod (22), and the two pawls (21) are spaced apart by one tooth. A check spring (23) is provided on the pawls (21), and one end of the check spring (23) is connected to the check groove (24). When the electromagnet (20) is energized, it will attract the ratchet (18).
5. A laser cladding device for surface repair of cold rolling rolls according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protective mechanism also includes a cleaning unit for cleaning welding slag that falls into the support body (9). The cleaning unit includes a cleaning block (28) that is movably connected to the support body (9). A reciprocating groove (25) is provided on the gear shaft (17). The reciprocating groove (25) is located inside the support body (9). A slider (26) is provided on the reciprocating groove (25). A magnetic block (27) is provided on the top of the slider (26). The magnetic block (27) is magnetically attracted to the cleaning block (28). A moving groove is provided inside the support body (9). The slider (26) and the magnetic block (27) both move within the moving groove.
6. A laser cladding device for surface repair of cold rolling rolls according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drying mechanism includes a drying unit for drying powder. The drying unit includes a drying box (29) set on the top of the support frame (3). The drying box (29) is connected to the robot (8). Drying chambers (30) are opened on both sides of the drying box (29). A powder conveying pipe (37) connected to the laser cladding head (7) is set in the drying chamber (30).
7. A laser cladding device for surface repair of cold rolling rolls according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drying mechanism also includes a power unit for stirring the powder in the drying chamber (30). The power unit includes a rotating shaft (32) movably connected to the drying box (29). Both the rotating shaft (32) and the gear shaft (17) are provided with transmission wheels. The two transmission wheels are provided with a synchronous belt (31). The rotating shaft (32) is provided with a second gear (33). The second gear (33) is symmetrically meshed with a third gear (34). The third gear (34) is provided with a rotating shaft (35) movably connected to the drying box (29). The rotating shaft (35) is provided with a plurality of stirring plates (36). The stirring plates (36) are located in the drying chamber (30).
8. A laser cladding device for surface repair of cold rolling rolls according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support (9) has a collection box (38) detachably connected to both sides, and the collection box (38) is located above the first gear (14).
9. A laser cladding device for surface repair of cold rolling rolls according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support (9) is provided with symmetrically distributed scrapers (39) on both sides, and the scrapers (39) are in contact with the inner side of the protective cover (10).
10. A method of using a laser cladding device for surface repair of cold rolling rolls, applicable to the laser cladding device for surface repair of cold rolling rolls as described in claim 9, characterized in that: Detailed steps as follows: S1: Preparation: The cold rolling roll (1) is fixed and clamped by the three-jaw chuck (5) and the tailstock tip (301), the powder for cladding is added into the drying box (29), and the powder is dried by the drying mechanism; S2: Laser cladding: Workers use a robotic arm (8) to control a flame gun (6) to preheat the cold rolling roll (1) and control a laser cladding head (7) to repair the surface of the cold rolling roll (1); S3: Physical protection: The welding slag is controlled within the protective cover (10) by the protective mechanism to protect personnel and reduce the risk of injury; S4: End of work: The worker removes the surface-repaired cold rolling roll (1) and cleans the welding slag in the collection box (38).