A road repair construction apparatus and construction method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of road construction, and particularly relates to a road repair construction equipment and a construction method, which comprises a milling machine, the milling machine is provided with a milling roller assembly and a driving mechanism, the milling roller assembly comprises a base roller and a transmission mechanism; the base roller is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism, milling cutter groups and crushing units are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the base roller, the transmission mechanism is arranged on one side of the base roller in the axial direction, and the base roller and the transmission mechanism can be driven to revolve around the base roller and synchronously and reversely rotate around their own axes, the milling cutter groups are connected with ratchet wheel assemblies, and the crushing units are connected with anti-overload assemblies, the milling cutter groups can throw the milling broken particles into the crushing units for crushing; the milling and crushing are integrated, and a subsequent crushing process is omitted; the anti-overload assemblies protect from the source, and double-layer protection is formed with the overload protection of the whole machine, so that the equipment is prevented from stopping; the ratchet wheel assemblies prevent the milling cutter from reversing and wearing, prolong the service life of the components, and improve the construction efficiency and the reliability of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of road construction technology, and in particular relates to a road repair construction equipment and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of municipal road maintenance and repair, road milling and breaking is the core process for renovating old road surfaces and treating road defects. Its construction efficiency and equipment reliability directly determine the overall progress and construction quality of road repair.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent application number (2021107121986) discloses a milling device for old municipal roads. It uses a milling wheel and a crushing roller to mill and crush the old road, avoiding the need for subsequent additional crushing. The rotation of the drum causes the milling wheel and the crushing roller to rotate in opposite directions through a transmission component. After the milling wheel mills the old road, the crushed pieces are thrown onto the crushing roller for crushing. However, it lacks a suitable overload protection structure. When crushing the pieces, the crushing roller will inevitably jam. This can lead to overload damage to the transmission components or even equipment shutdown, affecting the reliability and service life of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned technical problems by providing a road repair construction equipment and method to avoid overload problems in transmission components caused by jamming during milling machine operation, thereby improving equipment reliability and extending equipment service life.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a road repair construction equipment, including a milling machine, the milling machine being equipped with a milling roller assembly and a drive mechanism for driving the milling roller assembly to operate, the milling roller assembly including: The base roller is connected to the drive mechanism and is alternately equipped with milling cutter groups and crushing units along the circumferential direction; The transmission mechanism is installed on one side of the base roller axis and is used to drive the milling cutter group and the crushing unit to revolve around the base roller axis when the base roller rotates, and at the same time drive them to rotate synchronously around their own axes. It includes a ratchet assembly that is driven by the milling cutter group and an overload protection assembly that is driven by the crushing unit. The milling cutter group and the crushing unit rotate in opposite directions, and the milling cutter group is used to mill the ground and throw the crushed particles into the crushing unit.

[0006] In the above technical solution, further: The milling cutter assembly includes a first output shaft and multiple milling cutters mounted at equal intervals along the axial direction of the first output shaft; In this configuration, the cutting edges of multiple milling cutters are staggered along the axis of the first output shaft.

[0007] In the above technical solution, further: The crushing unit includes a second output shaft, a crushing roller mounted on the second output shaft, and multiple racks disposed on the surface of the base roller and arranged corresponding to the crushing roller.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the transmission mechanism further includes: The gear ring is installed inside the milling machine and is located coaxially on the side of the base roller along the axial direction. The first driven wheel is connected to the first output shaft via a ratchet assembly and is equipped with a steering gear that meshes with a gear ring for transmission. The second driven wheel is connected to the second output shaft via an overload protection component.

[0009] In the above technical solution, further: The first driven wheel has a mounting hole along the axial direction, and one side of its axial direction extends to form an extension that connects with the first output shaft bearing. The ratchet assembly includes ratchet teeth arranged in a continuous circumferential array on the inner wall of the mounting hole, a first bracket sleeved on the first output shaft, and multiple pawls that are circumferentially and equally spaced on the first bracket and engage with the ratchet teeth in a one-way manner. A torsion spring is provided at the connection between the pawls and the first bracket.

[0010] In the above technical solution, further: The second driven wheel is sleeved on the second output shaft and connected to the bearing of the second output shaft; The overload protection assembly includes a third output shaft coaxially arranged with the second output shaft, a transmission switching structure connecting the second output shaft and the third output shaft, and a mounting clamping structure for mounting the third output shaft and providing rotational damping thereon. The rotational damping of the third output shaft is greater than the rotational resistance of the second output shaft under normal crushing conditions, and less than the rotational resistance of the second output shaft under the condition of crushing roller jamming. The transmission switching structure is used to guide the power to the second output shaft when the crushing roller is working normally, and to guide the power to the third output shaft when the crushing roller is jammed.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the transmission switching structure further includes: The first bevel gear is installed at one axial end of the second output shaft; The second bevel gear is installed on a section of the axial direction of the third output shaft; The first bearing housing is installed on the side of the second driven wheel away from the crushing roller; The third bevel gear is rotatably connected to the first bearing housing via a rotating shaft, and is symmetrically arranged along the circumference of the first bevel gear, and meshes with both the first and second bevel gears.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the mounting and clamping structure further includes: The second bearing housing is mounted on the base roller by means of a second bracket and is used for the rotational mounting of the third output shaft; Two clamping parts are provided symmetrically along the radial direction of the third output shaft; A locking element, mounted on the second bracket, is used to clamp the third output shaft with the two clamping parts and generate rotational damping.

[0013] Furthermore, the above technical solution also includes: The light-shielding rod is mounted on the second output shaft by means of a bushing, and extends radially outward in the radial plane of the second output shaft to form two ends, one end of which is provided with a through hole; A U-shaped frame is mounted on the surface of the base roller and is equipped with a first photoelectric switch and a second photoelectric switch arranged around the circumference of the second output shaft. The data processing unit is mounted on the base roller and is electrically connected to both the first and second photoelectric switches. It is used to receive, process, and send feedback signals. When the end of the light-shielding rod without a through hole passes through the first photoelectric switch, the first photoelectric switch feeds back a single first signal; when it passes through the second photoelectric switch, the second photoelectric switch feeds back a single second signal. When the end of the light-shielding rod with the through hole passes through the first photoelectric switch, the first photoelectric switch feeds back the first signal twice; when it passes through the second photoelectric switch, the second photoelectric switch feeds back the second signal twice.

[0014] This invention provides a construction method, comprising the following steps: S1: Move the milling machine to the work station of the road to be repaired and complete the initial equipment debugging; S2: The drive mechanism starts the milling roller assembly, the base roller rotates, the milling cutter group and the crushing unit revolve around the axis of the base roller and rotate synchronously, while controlling the milling machine to move at a constant speed to continuously mill and crush the road surface to be repaired. S3: The data processing unit detects the rotation state of the second output shaft and feeds back the rotation speed and direction of the second output shaft; S4: When the rotational speed deviation of the second output shaft fed back by S3 is less than or equal to the preset deviation threshold, check whether its rotation direction is the forward direction. If yes, proceed to S5; otherwise, stop and issue an alarm. S5: Pause the movement of the milling machine, decelerate the base roller through the drive mechanism until it comes to a complete stop, and then drive the base roller to rotate in the opposite direction; S6: The data processing unit detects the rotation state of the second output shaft and feeds back the rotation speed and direction of the second output shaft; S7: When the rotational speed deviation of the second output shaft fed back by S6 is still ≥ the preset deviation threshold within the preset time range, a shutdown alarm is triggered; when the rotational speed deviation of the second output shaft fed back by S6 is < the preset deviation threshold, check whether its rotation direction is reversed. If so, the base roller is decelerated through the drive mechanism until it stops completely. Then repeat S2-S7 until the milling construction of the road section to be repaired is completed. If not, a shutdown alarm is triggered. The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By using the overload protection components of the crushing unit, power diversion protection is achieved from the source when jamming or stuck. This forms a double protection system with the traditional whole machine overload protection, avoiding the shutdown of the whole machine and damage to the transmission components due to overload, and significantly improving the reliability of equipment operation and the continuity of construction.

[0015] 2. The ratchet assembly enables unidirectional drive control of the milling cutter, allowing it to disengage from the milling cutter assembly during reverse unblocking, thus preventing abnormal wear caused by reverse cutting of the milling cutter.

[0016] 3. By using a light-blocking rod in conjunction with a dual photoelectric switch detection structure, the rotational speed detection and direction identification of the second output shaft of the crushing roller can be realized simultaneously. The structure is simple and has strong anti-interference capabilities. It not only ensures the timeliness of fault handling but also avoids the escalation of faults, thereby improving the automation level of the equipment and construction safety. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the milling roller assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a partial exploded view of the ratchet assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the milling roller assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 Sectional view at point BB; Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first position of the photoelectric switch and the light-shielding rod in Embodiment 9 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second position of the photoelectric switch and the light-shielding rod in Embodiment 9 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the third position of the photoelectric switch and the light-shielding rod in Embodiment 9 of the present invention; Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the fourth position of the photoelectric switch and the light-shielding rod in Embodiment 9 of the present invention; The markings in the diagram represent: 1. Milling machine; 2. Base roller; 3. Milling cutter assembly; 30. First output shaft; 31. Milling cutter; 4. Crushing unit; 40. Second output shaft; 41. Crushing roller; 42. Rack; 5. Transmission mechanism; 50. Gear ring; 51. First driven wheel; 52. Steering gear; 53. Second driven wheel; 54. Mounting hole; 55. Extension; 6. Ratchet assembly; 60. Ratchet tooth; 61. First bracket; 62. Pawl; 7. Overload protection assembly; 70. Third output shaft; 71. First bevel gear; 72. Second bevel gear; 73. First bearing seat; 74. Third bevel gear; 75. Second bearing seat; 76. Second bracket; 77. Clamping part; 78. Locking element; 8. Light blocking rod; 9. Through hole; 10. U-shaped frame; 11. First photoelectric switch; 12. Second photoelectric switch. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] Example 1: This embodiment provides a road repair construction equipment, including a milling machine 1. The milling machine 1 is equipped with a milling roller assembly and a drive mechanism for driving the milling roller assembly. The milling roller assembly includes: The base roller 2 is connected to the drive mechanism and is alternately provided with milling cutter group 3 and crushing unit 4 along the circumferential direction; The transmission mechanism 5 is installed on one side of the base roller 2 and is used to drive the milling cutter group 3 and the crushing unit 4 to revolve around the axis of the base roller 2 when the base roller 2 rotates, and at the same time drive the two to rotate synchronously around their own axis. It includes a ratchet assembly 6 that is connected to the milling cutter group 3 and an overload protection assembly 7 that is connected to the crushing unit 4. Among them, the milling cutter group 3 and the crushing unit 4 rotate in opposite directions, and the milling cutter group 3 is used to mill the ground and throw the fragments into the crushing unit 4. Meanwhile, the milling machine 1 also includes a frame, a walking mechanism, and a hydraulic and electrical overall control system, as well as the specific structure of the drive mechanism, which are all existing mature technologies and are known to those skilled in the art from traditional milling machines 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0020] As can be seen from this embodiment, by setting an anti-overload component 7 in the transmission mechanism 5, when the crushing unit 4 is stuck or jammed to a high degree due to the broken pieces, the transmission branch corresponding to the crushing unit 4 can be prevented from being overloaded, thus avoiding equipment shutdown failure and ensuring equipment reliability and service life. Although traditional milling machines 1 are equipped with overload protection for the whole machine, the overload protection of the whole machine is delayed. Moreover, the overload protection component 7 of this application does not replace the overload protection of the whole machine, but triggers protection at the source for the jamming overload of the milling roller assembly. It only cuts off the power transmission to the rotation of the crushing roller 41, and the power is switched to the third output shaft 70 for release. It does not affect the operation of other mechanisms of the whole machine (such as walking, conveying, dust removal, etc.). After the jamming problem is solved, it can be quickly reset and resumed to work. This not only avoids damage to the internal parts of the milling roller assembly, but also ensures the continuity of construction. The ratchet assembly 6 can prevent the milling cutter 31 from reversing when the crushing unit 4 is stuck or jammed to a high degree. This is achieved by decelerating, stopping, and reversing the base roller 2 to break up the jam or jam. The milling cutter 31 will not be driven to rotate in the opposite direction, but will only revolve with the base roller 2. This avoids abnormal wear caused by the milling cutter 31 reversing and cutting, and extends its service life.

[0021] Example 2: This embodiment provides a road repair construction equipment, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features: The milling cutter assembly 3 includes a first output shaft 30 and a plurality of milling cutters 31 that are equally spaced along the axial direction of the first output shaft 30; Among them, the cutting edges of multiple milling cutters 31 are staggered along the axial direction of the first output shaft 30. Meanwhile, multiple milling cutters 31 can be connected to the first output shaft 30 by splines, and adjacent milling cutters 31 are positioned by bushings. The two ends of the first output shaft 30 are restricted from axial movement by shoulders and elastic retaining rings. This is a mature existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0022] As can be seen from this embodiment, by installing multiple milling cutters 31 at equal intervals along the first output shaft 30, the uniformity of milling in the working area is ensured. By arranging the cutting edges of the multiple milling cutters 31 at an angle along the axial direction of the first output shaft 30, it is possible to avoid multiple milling cutters 31 simultaneously throwing fragments into the crushing unit 4, reducing the pressure on the crushing unit 4, effectively reducing the possibility of jamming or even jamming, and ensuring the reliability and service life of the equipment. Meanwhile, the inclined arrangement of the milling cutter 31 not only achieves staggered material throwing, but also reduces the cutting impact of the milling cutter group 3 and the vibration of the whole machine, improving the stability of the milling operation; at the same time, the milling cutters 31 arranged at equal intervals ensure the flatness of the milled road surface, avoid the occurrence of milling blind spots, and improve the construction quality of road repair.

[0023] Example 3: This embodiment provides a road repair construction equipment, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features: The crushing unit 4 includes a second output shaft 40, a crushing roller 41 mounted on the second output shaft 40, and a plurality of racks 42 disposed on the surface of the base roller 2 and arranged corresponding to the crushing roller 41. The rack 42 and the base roller 2 can be welded together, and the crushing roller 41 does not contact the ground when the milling cutter 31 mills the ground. For example, the radial diameter of the crushing roller 41 is smaller than the radial diameter of the milling cutter 31, or the installation distance of the crushing roller 41 near the axis of the base roller 2 is smaller than the installation distance of the milling cutter 31 near the axis of the base roller 2, or both are set at the same time.

[0024] As can be seen from this embodiment, the crushing roller 41 and the rack 42 work together to crush the fragments by biting and rolling them, eliminating the need for additional crushing processes and simplifying the road repair construction process. Furthermore, the size and installation position of the crushing roller 41 can structurally prevent the crushing roller 41 from contacting the unmilled original road surface, reduce abnormal wear of the crushing roller 41, and extend its service life.

[0025] Example 4: This embodiment provides a road repair construction equipment, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features: the transmission mechanism 5 includes: The gear ring 50 is installed inside the milling machine 1 and is coaxially located on the side of the base roller 2 along its axial direction. The first driven wheel 51 is connected to the first output shaft 30 via the ratchet assembly 6, and is provided with a steering gear 52 that meshes with the gear ring 50 for transmission. The second driven wheel 53 is connected to the second output shaft 40 via the overload protection component 7; The gear ring 50 is fixedly connected to the frame of the milling machine 1. The installation of the steering gear 52 is a mature existing technology and a routine operation for technicians in the relevant technical field, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0026] As can be seen from this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 5 described above enables the crushing roller 41 and the milling cutter 31 to rotate in opposite directions, thereby ensuring the biting and crushing effect of the crushing roller 41 and the rack 42 on the fragments and preventing the fragments thrown into the crushing roller 41 by the milling cutter 31 from being pushed out by the crushing roller 41. Furthermore, by synchronously driving the milling cutter group 3 and the crushing unit 4 through the fixed gear ring 50, the synchronous linkage of their revolution and rotation is realized, eliminating the need for an additional independent drive source, simplifying the structure of the milling roller assembly, and reducing the manufacturing cost of the equipment; at the same time, the gear transmission ensures a stable speed ratio between the milling cutter 31 and the crushing roller 41, improving the consistency of milling and crushing operations.

[0027] Example 5: This embodiment provides a road repair construction equipment, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features: The first driven wheel 51 has a mounting hole 54 along the axial direction, and its axial side extends to form an extension 55 that is connected to the bearing of the first output shaft 30. The ratchet assembly 6 includes ratchet teeth 60 arranged in a continuous circumferential array on the inner wall of the mounting hole 54, a first bracket 61 sleeved on the first output shaft 30, and a plurality of pawls 62 that are circumferentially and equally spaced on the first bracket 61 and engage with the ratchet teeth 60 in a one-way manner. A torsion spring is provided at the connection between the pawls 62 and the first bracket 61. The ratchet 60 and the extension 55 are both integrated with the first driven wheel 51. Meanwhile, one end of the torsion spring abuts against the pawl 62 and the other end abuts against the first bracket 61, which is used to provide a preload force for the pawl 62 to engage with the ratchet 60. Its specific shape and installation position (not shown in the attached drawings) are all routine operations for those skilled in the art, and this application does not limit them, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0028] As can be seen from this embodiment, by integrating the ratchet 60 onto the first driven wheel 51 and connecting the first driven wheel 51 to the first output shaft 30 via a bearing, and by setting a first bracket 61 on the first output shaft 30 and a pawl 62 on the first bracket 61, when the base roller 2 rotates forward, the first driven wheel 51 drives the first output shaft 30 to rotate via the ratchet assembly 6; when the base roller 2 rotates in reverse, the first driven wheel 51 and the first output shaft 30 idle, without driving the milling cutter 31 to rotate. The structure is simple and easy to install. Furthermore, by integrating the ratchet assembly 6 into the first driven wheel 51, the axial installation space of the transmission mechanism 5 is significantly reduced, making the structure of the milling roller assembly more compact. At the same time, the design of the circumferential array of multiple pawls 62 improves the torque carrying capacity and transmission stability of unidirectional transmission, avoids the problem of easy failure of a single pawl 62, and further improves the reliability of equipment operation.

[0029] Example 6: This embodiment provides a road repair construction equipment, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features: The second driven wheel 53 is sleeved on the second output shaft 40 and connected to the bearing of the second output shaft 40; The overload protection assembly 7 includes a third output shaft 70 coaxially arranged with the second output shaft 40, a transmission switching structure connecting the second output shaft 40 and the third output shaft 70, and a mounting clamping structure for mounting the third output shaft 70 and providing rotational damping for it. The rotational damping of the third output shaft 70 is greater than the rotational resistance of the second output shaft 40 under normal crushing conditions of the crushing roller 41, and less than the rotational resistance of the second output shaft 40 under jammed conditions of the crushing roller 41. The transmission switching structure is used to guide the power to the second output shaft 40 when the crushing roller 41 is working normally, and to guide the power to switch to the third output shaft 70 when the crushing roller 41 is jammed. The transmission switching structure is a differential transmission structure, in which power flows preferentially to the transmission end with less resistance: when the crushing roller 41 is working normally, the second output shaft 40 has less rotational resistance, and power is preferentially transmitted to the second output shaft 40 to drive the crushing roller 41 to rotate; when the crushing roller 41 is stuck, the rotational resistance of the second output shaft 40 is greater than the rotational damping of the third output shaft 70, and the power is automatically switched to the third output shaft 70 to release it.

[0030] As can be seen from this embodiment, by adding a third output shaft 70 and setting the overload protection component 7 between the second output shaft 40 and the third output shaft 70, and applying rotational damping to the third output shaft 70, the rotational damping is greater than the rotational resistance of the second output shaft 40 under normal crushing conditions of the crushing roller 41, and less than the rotational resistance of the second output shaft 40 under jammed conditions of the crushing roller 41. Then, when the crushing roller 41 is rotating normally, the transmission switching structure transmits power to the second output shaft 40, so that the crushing roller 41 can work normally. When the crushing roller 41 becomes stuck or jammed due to the fragments, it generates a rotational resistance greater than the rotational damping. The transmission switching structure then transmits power to the third output shaft 70. While ensuring continuous power input, it overcomes the rotational damping and drives the third output shaft 70 to rotate. As a result, the second output shaft 40 and the crushing roller 41 stop rotating on their own axis and only revolve with the base roller 2. This avoids triggering the overload protection of the whole machine and prevents the machine from stopping due to overload, thus affecting the normal operation of other mechanisms. On the other hand, it ensures the stable operation of normal crushing operations and can respond quickly when jammed, avoiding damage to the transmission components.

[0031] Example 7: This embodiment provides a road repair construction equipment, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features, including a transmission switching structure: The first bevel gear 71 is mounted on one end of the second output shaft 40 in the axial direction. The second bevel gear 72 is installed on a section of the third output shaft 70 along its axial direction; The first bearing housing 73 is installed on the side of the second driven wheel 53 away from the crushing roller 41; The third bevel gear 74 is rotatably connected to the first bearing seat 73 via a rotating shaft, and is symmetrically arranged around the first bevel gear 71, and meshes with both the first bevel gear 71 and the second bevel gear 72. The first bevel gear 71 and the second output shaft 40, as well as the second bevel gear 72 and the third output shaft 70, can be connected by splines; while the first bearing housing 73 and the second driven wheel 53 can be fastened by bolts.

[0032] As can be seen from this embodiment, under the normal crushing condition of the crushing roller 41, the rotational resistance on the second output shaft 40 is less than the rotational damping of the third output shaft 70. Therefore, the gear ring 50 rotates under the drive of the base roller 2 and drives the second driven wheel 53 to rotate. The rotation of the second driven wheel 53 will drive the first bearing seat 73 to rotate as well. Since the third output shaft 70 has a large rotational damping, the third bevel gear 74 cannot drive the second bevel gear 72 to rotate, but it will drive the first bevel gear 71 to rotate, and then drive the second output shaft 40 to drive the crushing roller 41 to rotate. Conversely, when the crushing roller 41 is in a high degree of jamming or stuck, the rotational resistance on the second output shaft 40 increases and exceeds the rotational damping of the third output shaft 70. At this time, the third bevel gear 74 cannot drive the first bevel gear 71 to rotate, and will then drive the second bevel gear 72 to overcome the rotational damping on the third output shaft 70 to drive the third output shaft 70 to rotate. The entire transmission switching process is purely mechanically and automatically triggered, without the need to introduce additional power sources and control components, simplifying the structure, effectively avoiding overload and damage to the drive mechanism, extending its service life, and also preventing the triggering of the whole machine overload protection, which would cause the machine to stop, thus avoiding affecting the operation of other mechanisms.

[0033] Example 8: This embodiment provides a road repair construction equipment, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features, including an installation clamping structure comprising: The second bearing housing 75 is mounted on the base roller 2 by means of a second bracket 76, and is used for the rotational mounting of the third output shaft 70; Two clamping parts 77 are provided radially symmetrically along the third output shaft 70; The locking element 78 is mounted on the second bracket 76 and is used to clamp the third output shaft 70 with the two clamping parts 77 and generate rotational damping. The second bearing seat 75 and the second bracket 76 can be welded together, while the second bracket 76 and the base roller 2 can be fixed together with bolts. Meanwhile, the locking component 78 can use a screw connected to the second bracket 76 and a nut on the screw to clamp the two clamping parts 77, and tighten the nut with a torque wrench, so that the multiple third output shafts 70 in the circumferential direction have approximately the same rotational damping. The prototype was tested in advance, and it was found that the torque required to tighten the nut is 1.2-1.5 times the rotational resistance of the crushing roller 41 under normal crushing conditions. The nut locking torque under the corresponding rotational damping was determined through prototype bench testing and calibration, ensuring that the overload trigger threshold of multiple crushing units 4 is consistent. This is a routine operation for those skilled in the art, and the specific test methods and processes will not be described here.

[0034] As can be seen from this embodiment, by using the clamping part 77 to apply rotational damping to the third output shaft 70, the structure is simple, and the rotational damping only needs to be set before construction according to different milling machines 1 and different milling surfaces, which is easy to operate. By adjusting the torque wrench of the tightening nut, the rotational damping on multiple third output shafts 70 can be kept approximately the same, ensuring the convenience of adjustment and setting. In addition, the overload protection component 7 of each group of crushing units 4 corresponds one-to-one with the third output shaft 70, and each group operates independently without interfering with each other. The locking component 78 uses a screw connected to the second bracket 76 and a nut on the screw to clamp the two clamping parts 77, which further simplifies the structure and reduces the investment cost.

[0035] Example 9: This embodiment provides a road repair construction equipment, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features, and further includes: The light-shielding rod 8 is mounted on the second output shaft 40 by means of a bushing, and extends radially outward in the radial plane of the second output shaft 40 to form two ends, and one end of the rod has a through hole 9. The U-shaped frame 10 is mounted on the surface of the base roller 2 and is provided with a first photoelectric switch 11 and a second photoelectric switch 12 arranged around the circumference of the second output shaft 40. The data processing unit is installed on the base roller 2 and is electrically connected to both the first photoelectric switch 11 and the second photoelectric switch 12. It is used to receive, process, and send feedback signals. When the end of the light-shielding rod 8 without the through hole 9 passes through the first photoelectric switch 11, the first photoelectric switch 11 feeds back a single first signal; when it passes through the second photoelectric switch 12, the second photoelectric switch 12 feeds back a single second signal. When the end of the light-shielding rod 8 with the through hole 9 passes through the first photoelectric switch 11, the first photoelectric switch 11 feeds back the first signal twice. When it passes through the second photoelectric switch 12, the second photoelectric switch 12 feeds back the second signal twice.

[0036] The data processing unit can be wired to the first photoelectric switch 11 and the second photoelectric switch 12, while the data processing unit can be wirelessly connected to the main control unit of the milling machine 1. However, the specific structures are all existing mature technologies. The first photoelectric switch 11 and the second photoelectric switch 12 can be slotted photoelectric switches or through-beam photoelectric switches, which are all conventional choices for those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here. Furthermore, let α be the angle formed by the two lines connecting the detection ends of the two photoelectric switches and the axis of the second output shaft 40, which is less than or equal to 180°, and let β be the angle formed by the two lines connecting the two ends of the light-shielding rod 8 and the axis of the second output shaft 40, which is less than or equal to 180°, and α≠β; at the same time, to avoid the data processing unit from combining the second first signal triggered by the end of the light-shielding rod 8 with the single first signal triggered by the end without the through hole 9, it is necessary to ensure that the time interval between the ends of the two light-shielding rods 8 passing through the same photoelectric switch is greater than the time interval between the two trigger signals at the end with the through hole 9. Preferably, both α and β are greater than or equal to 45°, and the absolute value of the difference between α and β is greater than or equal to 45°.

[0037] As can be seen from this embodiment, by cooperating with the dual photoelectric switches and the light-shielding rod 8 with the through hole 9, the rotation speed detection and direction recognition of the second output shaft 40 are realized simultaneously, without the need to set up separate rotation speed sensors and direction sensors, thus simplifying the structure; moreover, the non-contact photoelectric detection method is wear-free and has strong anti-interference ability, and has reliable detection under the milling construction conditions of dust and vibration, and can provide real-time feedback on the operating status of the crushing roller 41, providing accurate data support for overload protection and fault early warning; Specifically, assuming the data processing unit receives a single first signal and feeds back signal a to the main control unit of milling machine 1, receives two first signals and feeds back signal b to the main control unit of milling machine 1, receives a single second signal and feeds back signal c to the main control unit of milling machine 1, receives two second signals and feeds back signal d to the main control unit of milling machine 1, and α is 90° and β is 180°, when the second output shaft 40 and the light-shielding rod 8 are in the following four initial states; like Figure 8 As shown, when rotating clockwise, the first signal fed back by the data processing unit is a, and the order of the fed-back signals is a, c, b, d. Conversely, when rotating counterclockwise, the first signal received is d, and the order of the fed-back signals is d, b, c, a. like Figure 9 As shown, when rotating clockwise, the first signal fed back by the data processing unit is b, and the order of the fed-back signals is b, d, a, c. Conversely, when rotating counterclockwise, the first signal received is c, and the order of the fed-back signals is c, a, d, b. like Figure 10As shown, when rotating clockwise, the first signal fed back by the data processing unit is c, and the order of the fed-back signals is c, b, d, a. Conversely, when rotating counterclockwise, the first signal received is a, and the order of the fed-back signals is a, d, b, c. like Figure 11 As shown, when rotating clockwise, the first signal fed back by the data processing unit is d, and the order of the fed-back signals is d, a, c, b. Conversely, when rotating counterclockwise, the first signal received is b, and the order of the fed-back signals is b, c, a, d. Therefore, the rotational speed of the second output shaft 40 can be calculated based on the time difference of the first signal from repeated feedback and the rotation of a single revolution. The speed difference can then be obtained and compared with that under normal operating conditions to determine whether it exceeds the preset deviation threshold, thereby identifying the normal, stuck, or jammed state. At the same time, the rotational direction of the second output shaft 40 can be obtained based on the first feedback signal and the sequence of feedback signals to determine whether the milling roller assembly is operating normally. If there is an abnormality, the machine can be stopped and an alarm can be issued in time to avoid damage to the equipment.

[0038] Example 10: This embodiment provides a construction method for road repair equipment, including the following steps: S1: Move the milling machine 1 to the work position of the road to be repaired and complete the initial equipment debugging; S2: The drive mechanism starts the milling roller assembly, the base roller 2 rotates, the milling cutter group 3 and the crushing unit 4 revolve around the axis of the base roller 2 and rotate synchronously, while controlling the milling machine 1 to move at a uniform speed to continuously mill and crush the road surface to be repaired. S3: The data processing unit detects the rotation state of the second output shaft 40 and feeds back the rotation speed and direction of the second output shaft 40; S4: When the rotational speed deviation of the second output shaft 40 fed back by S3 is less than or equal to the preset deviation threshold, check whether its rotation direction is the forward direction. If yes, proceed to S5; otherwise, stop and issue an alarm. S5: Pause the movement of milling machine 1, decelerate base roller 2 through the drive mechanism until it stops completely, and then drive base roller 2 to rotate in the opposite direction; S6: The data processing unit detects the rotation state of the second output shaft 40 and feeds back the rotation speed and direction of the second output shaft 40; S7: When the rotational speed deviation of the second output shaft 40 fed back by S6 is still ≥ the preset deviation threshold within the preset time range, a shutdown alarm is triggered; when the rotational speed deviation of the second output shaft 40 fed back by S6 is < the preset deviation threshold, check whether its rotation direction is reversed. If so, the base roller 2 is decelerated through the drive mechanism until it stops completely. Then repeat S2-S7 until the milling construction of the road section to be repaired is completed. If not, a shutdown alarm is triggered. Among them, the preset deviation threshold is the minimum trigger difference between the normal operating rated speed of the crushing roller 41 and the actual detection speed. It is calibrated by prototype testing before construction and is a fixed value that can be routinely set by the technical personnel in the relevant technical field according to the actual working conditions. The preset time range is the longest waiting time for clearing blockages. It can be set to 3-5 seconds and adjusted according to actual construction needs. These are all routine settings made by the technical personnel in the relevant technical field according to actual needs, and will not be elaborated in this application.

[0039] As can be seen from this embodiment, the above construction method achieves closed-loop control of the entire process of road milling and crushing operations. It can monitor the operating status of the crushing roller 41 in real time. When a jamming / stuck fault occurs, it automatically performs a reverse unblocking operation without the need for manual shutdown and disassembly, which greatly improves the efficiency of fault handling and ensures the continuity of construction. At the same time, during the reverse unblocking process, the ratchet assembly 6 prevents the milling cutter 31 from reverse wearing, and the overload protection assembly 7 prevents the transmission components from being damaged by overload, thus balancing unblocking efficiency and equipment protection. In addition, through dual verification of steering and speed, abnormal equipment status can be accurately identified, and timely shutdown and alarm can be triggered to prevent the fault from escalating, which greatly reduces the equipment's operation and maintenance costs and safety risks.

[0040] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A road repair construction equipment, comprising a milling machine (1), said milling machine (1) being equipped with a milling roller assembly and a drive mechanism for driving the milling roller assembly, characterized in that, The milling roller assembly includes: The base roller (2) is connected to the drive mechanism and is alternately provided with milling cutter group (3) and crushing unit (4) along the circumferential direction. The transmission mechanism (5) is installed on one side of the base roller (2) and is used to drive the milling cutter group (3) and the crushing unit (4) to revolve around the axis of the base roller (2) when the base roller (2) rotates, and at the same time drive the two to rotate synchronously around their own axis. It includes a ratchet assembly (6) that is connected to the milling cutter group (3) and an overload protection assembly (7) that is connected to the crushing unit (4). The milling cutter group (3) and the crushing unit (4) rotate in opposite directions, and the milling cutter group (3) is used to mill the ground and throw the fragments into the crushing unit (4).

2. The road repair construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The milling cutter group (3) includes a first output shaft (30) and a plurality of milling cutters (31) installed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the first output shaft (30). Among them, the cutting edges of multiple milling cutters (31) are staggered along the axis of the first output shaft (30).

3. The road repair construction equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing unit (4) includes a second output shaft (40), a crushing roller (41) mounted on the second output shaft (40), and a plurality of racks (42) arranged on the surface of the base roller (2) and corresponding to the crushing roller (41).

4. The road repair construction equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism (5) includes: The gear ring (50) is installed inside the milling machine (1) and is coaxially located on the side of the base roller (2) along the axial direction; The first driven wheel (51) is connected to the first output shaft (30) via a ratchet assembly (6) and is provided with a steering gear (52) that meshes with the gear ring (50) for transmission; The second driven wheel (53) is connected to the second output shaft (40) via an overload protection assembly (7).

5. The road repair construction equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first driven wheel (51) has a mounting hole (54) along the axial direction, and its axial side extends to form an extension (55) that is connected to the bearing of the first output shaft (30). The ratchet assembly (6) includes ratchet teeth (60) arranged in a continuous circumferential array on the inner wall of the mounting hole (54), a first bracket (61) sleeved on the first output shaft (30), and a plurality of pawls (62) installed at equal intervals on the first bracket (61) and engaged unidirectionally with the ratchet teeth (60). A torsion spring is provided at the connection between the pawls (62) and the first bracket (61).

6. The road repair construction equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second driven wheel (53) is sleeved on the second output shaft (40) and connected to the bearing of the second output shaft (40); The overload protection assembly (7) includes a third output shaft (70) coaxially arranged with the second output shaft (40), a transmission switching structure connecting the second output shaft (40) and the third output shaft (70), and a mounting clamping structure for mounting the third output shaft (70) and providing rotational damping thereon; The rotational damping of the third output shaft (70) is greater than the rotational resistance of the second output shaft (40) under normal crushing conditions of the crushing roller (41), and less than the rotational resistance of the second output shaft (40) under jammed conditions of the crushing roller (41). The transmission switching structure is used to guide power to the second output shaft (40) when the crushing roller (41) is working normally, and to guide power to the third output shaft (70) when the crushing roller (41) is jammed.

7. The road repair construction equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmission switching structure includes: The first bevel gear (71) is installed at one axial end of the second output shaft (40); The second bevel gear (72) is installed on a section of the axial direction of the third output shaft (70); The first bearing housing (73) is installed on the side of the second driven wheel (53) away from the crushing roller (41); The third bevel gear (74) is rotatably connected to the first bearing seat (73) via a rotating shaft, and is symmetrically arranged around the first bevel gear (71), and meshes with both the first bevel gear (71) and the second bevel gear (72).

8. The road repair construction equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting clamping structure includes: The second bearing housing (75) is mounted on the base roller (2) by means of a second bracket (76) and is used for the rotational mounting of the third output shaft (70); Two clamping parts (77) are provided radially symmetrically along the third output shaft (70); The locking element (78) is mounted on the second bracket (76) and is used to clamp the third output shaft (70) with the two clamping parts (77) and generate rotational damping.

9. The road repair construction equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The light-shielding rod (8) is mounted on the second output shaft (40) by means of a bushing, and extends radially outward in the radial plane of the second output shaft (40) to form two ends, and one end of the rod has a through hole (9). The U-shaped frame (10) is mounted on the surface of the base roller (2) and is provided with a first photoelectric switch (11) and a second photoelectric switch (12) arranged around the circumference of the second output shaft (40). The data processing unit is installed on the base roller (2), and is electrically connected to both the first photoelectric switch (11) and the second photoelectric switch (12), and is used to receive, process and send feedback signals; When the end of the light-shielding rod (8) without the through hole (9) passes through the first photoelectric switch (11), the first photoelectric switch (11) feeds back a single first signal; when it passes through the second photoelectric switch (12), the second photoelectric switch (12) feeds back a single second signal. When the end of the light-shielding rod (8) with the through hole (9) passes through the first photoelectric switch (11), the first photoelectric switch (11) feeds back the first signal twice. When it passes through the second photoelectric switch (12), the second photoelectric switch (12) feeds back the second signal twice.

10. A construction method for using the road repair construction equipment described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Move the milling machine (1) to the work station of the road to be repaired and complete the initial equipment debugging; S2: The drive mechanism starts the milling roller assembly, the base roller (2) rotates, the milling cutter group (3) and the crushing unit (4) revolve around the axis of the base roller (2) and rotate synchronously, while controlling the milling machine (1) to move at a constant speed to continuously mill and crush the road surface to be repaired. S3: The data processing unit detects the rotation state of the second output shaft (40) and feeds back the rotation speed and direction of the second output shaft (40); S4: When the rotational speed deviation of the second output shaft (40) fed back by S3 is less than or equal to the preset deviation threshold, check whether its rotation direction is the forward direction. If yes, proceed to S5; otherwise, stop the machine and issue an alarm. S5: Pause the movement of the milling machine (1), decelerate the base roller (2) through the drive mechanism until it stops completely, and then drive the base roller (2) to rotate in the opposite direction; S6: The data processing unit detects the rotation state of the second output shaft (40) and feeds back the rotation speed and direction of the second output shaft (40); S7: When the rotational speed deviation of the second output shaft (40) fed back by S6 is still ≥ the preset deviation threshold within the preset time range, a shutdown alarm is triggered; when the rotational speed deviation of the second output shaft (40) fed back by S6 is < the preset deviation threshold, check whether its rotational direction is reversed. If so, the base roller (2) is decelerated through the drive mechanism until it stops completely. Then repeat S2-S7 until the milling construction of the road section to be repaired is completed. If not, a shutdown alarm is triggered.

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