Construction conversion structure of large-space upper-cover building and construction method thereof
By using a combination of cast-in-place pile and pipe pile foundations with steel-concrete composite columns and transfer beams in large-space superstructure buildings, the problems of uneven settlement and vertical load transfer were solved, ensuring foundation stability and reliable node connections, and improving the overall seismic performance of the building.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGDONG HEAVY IND CONSTR DESIGN INST
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Uneven settlement caused by the full-frame support structure and additional stress on key components of the transfer layer affect the stability and safety of the building, especially in buildings with large open spaces on the ground floor, where traditional connection nodes are difficult to effectively transfer vertical loads.
The foundations are made of cast-in-place piles and pipe piles, with large and small pile caps. Steel-concrete composite columns and transfer beams are installed. The connection between the steel-concrete composite columns and the steel-concrete composite columns is made by embedding steel plates. The connection strength is enhanced by reinforcing plates and vertical reinforcing plates. Stiffening ribs are installed in the transfer beams to improve seismic performance.
It significantly improves foundation stability and connection reliability, ensures effective transfer of vertical loads, enhances the overall bearing capacity and seismic performance of the transfer layer, avoids local buckling of beams, and ensures the safety and stability of the building.
Smart Images
Figure CN122147978A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction structure technology, and in particular to a construction conversion structure for a large-space roof building and its construction method. Background Technology
[0002] Projects with large open spaces and few columns at the base, such as mixed-use buildings with shopping malls on the ground floor and residential units on the upper floors, hotel-style buildings with hotel lobbies on the ground floor and guest rooms on the upper floors, and subway station superstructures, must adopt a fully frame-supported shear wall structure system because their vertical components, such as shear walls, cannot extend to the ground. This means that the load of the upper shear walls is transferred to the lower frame columns through a transfer floor at the base. In this structural system, due to the need for large spans and spaces at the base to accommodate commercial operations, vehicular traffic, and maintenance functions, traditional ground-supported shear walls are largely eliminated, replaced by frame columns to support the upper load. Because the load on the upper shear wall structure is very large and concentrated, the load borne by the frame columns is much greater than that of ordinary frame columns. If the soil properties are uneven or the foundation design fails to fully match this huge load difference, the settlement under the frame columns will be much greater than that under ordinary columns, resulting in severe uneven settlement. This is the biggest challenge faced by the foundation of a fully frame-supported transfer structure. The "rigid on top and flexible on the bottom" full-frame support structure will also cause this uneven settlement to generate huge additional stress in the transfer layer and the upper wall, resulting in additional bending and shear forces on key components such as transfer beams and transfer slabs, which may exceed the design bearing capacity and cause the transfer layer to crack or even be destroyed.
[0003] Meanwhile, the full-frame support structure causes a sudden change in the vertical stiffness of the structure at the transfer layer. In order to effectively resist horizontal loads and ensure reliable transmission of vertical forces, steel plate concrete shear walls and steel-concrete transfer beams become key lateral force resisting and force transmission components. The large open space at the bottom is generally supported by structural columns. The connection nodes between structural columns and transfer beams, and between shear walls and transfer beams, directly determine whether the overall structure can form an effective load-bearing whole and are related to the stability and safety of the superstructure.
[0004] Therefore, conducting in-depth research on the foundation structure, support layer and transfer layer structure and connection technology of the full-frame support structure, and exploring its stress mechanism, seismic performance and reasonable construction measures, has become a prerequisite for achieving safety, reliability and building function in large-space ground floor overpass projects, and has important practical engineering significance. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure with a stable foundation and conversion layer structure and reliable node connections, as well as a construction method for the structure. This invention can realize the full frame-supported conversion of steel plate concrete shear walls and simultaneously solve the stability problem outside the foundation plane and the connection problem between the bottom support structure and the conversion beam.
[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure includes, from bottom to top, a foundation, a support, and a conversion layer. The foundation includes cast-in-place piles, pipe piles, a large foundation, and small foundations. Several cast-in-place piles are embedded in the main load area of the foundation. The large foundation is located on top of the cast-in-place piles and is flush with the ground. The large foundation bears the main load of the superstructure. Several pipe piles are embedded in the secondary load area of the foundation. The small foundation is located on top of the pipe piles and is flush with the ground. The small foundation bears the secondary load of the superstructure. The foundation planes between the large foundations, between the small foundations, and between the large foundations are made of graded sand and gravel cushion layers. The supporting structure includes steel-concrete composite columns, several of which are installed on the large foundation platform, forming a large open space at the ground floor of the superstructure. The transfer floor includes steel-concrete composite transfer beams and steel-concrete composite shear walls. The two ends of the steel-concrete composite transfer beams are connected to the steel-concrete composite columns. Structural steel sections are installed inside the steel-concrete composite transfer beams, and stirrups are arranged around the structural steel sections. The steel-concrete composite shear walls of the superstructure are installed on the steel-concrete composite transfer beams, and vertical stirrups are installed within the steel-concrete composite shear walls. An embedded steel plate is provided, with end steel sections welded to both sides of the embedded steel plate. The bottom of the embedded steel plate is vertically aligned with and welded to the structural steel section inside the steel-concrete transfer beam. Several through holes are provided on the embedded steel plate at positions opposite to the stirrups of the transfer beam, allowing some of the transfer beam stirrups to pass through. Reinforcing plates are added at the positions of the through holes on both surfaces of the embedded steel plate. The through holes pass through the reinforcing plates. Some of the transfer beam stirrups pass through the through holes and are connected to each other. The remaining transfer beam stirrups are cut off and welded to the reinforcing plates.
[0007] Furthermore, vertical reinforcing plates are provided at the connection points between the reinforcing plates and the stirrups of the transfer beam, and the sides of the cut-off stirrups of the transfer beam that do not pass through the through holes are welded to the upper surface of the vertical reinforcing plates; the total thickness of the two reinforcing plates is not less than the thickness of the embedded steel plate.
[0008] Furthermore, the number of stirrups in the transfer beam passing through the through hole is not less than the number of stirrups in the transfer beam that are cut off and do not pass through the through hole, so as to ensure that the number of through stirrups is not less than 50%.
[0009] Furthermore, the structural steel is an I-beam or an H-beam, with the flanges of the structural steel facing upwards and the embedded steel plate aligned with the web of the structural steel; the groove of the structural steel is provided with several stiffening ribs, and the positions of the stiffening ribs correspond to the key starting and ending positions of the upper steel plate concrete shear wall.
[0010] Furthermore, foundation beams are also provided between the large and small foundations, and between the large and small foundations. If it is not suitable to provide foundation beams between the large and small foundations, such as in areas where tracks are laid, the area between the large and small foundations is treated by driving second pipe piles, and then the graded sand and gravel cushion layer is laid on the second pipe piles. That is, except for the foundation beams, the area around the large and small foundations is covered with a graded sand and gravel cushion layer to enhance the bearing capacity of the foundation.
[0011] Furthermore, the structural steel is arranged in the middle of the steel-concrete transfer beam, and its height is not less than 1 / 3 of the height of the steel-concrete transfer beam. Several studs are provided on the top of the structural steel.
[0012] Furthermore, the steel-concrete composite column is provided with cross-shaped steel sections, and a transverse reinforcing plate is provided at the node where the cross-shaped steel sections connect with the steel-concrete composite transfer beam. The thickness of the plate is not less than the thickness of the flange of the structural steel section inside the steel-concrete composite transfer beam.
[0013] Furthermore, the steel-concrete composite column is provided with steel columns, and the bottom of the structural steel of the steel-concrete composite transfer beam is provided with bottom reinforcement bars. One end of the bottom reinforcement bars is bolted to one side of the steel column by a steel sleeve welded to the steel column. A transverse connecting plate is welded to the steel column on the other side, and the bottom of the other end of the bottom reinforcement bars is connected to the steel column on that side by welding to the transverse connecting plate, which facilitates construction operations.
[0014] Furthermore, the steel-concrete composite column is provided with longitudinal reinforcement bars, and a vertical connecting plate is welded to the structural steel of the steel-concrete composite transfer beam at a position opposite to the longitudinal reinforcement bars. The longitudinal reinforcement bars are connected to the structural steel by welding to the vertical connecting plate.
[0015] A construction method for the structural transfer structure of the aforementioned large-space superstructure building includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct cast-in-place pile and pipe pile foundations, construct large and small pile caps, and construct foundation beams and graded sand and gravel cushion layers between large and small pile caps, and between large and small pile caps, according to the actual project conditions, to improve the lateral resistance of the structure. Step 2: The main structure of the construction support part, including the pouring of steel-concrete columns, and the steel columns and column longitudinal reinforcements at the connection between the top of the steel-concrete columns and the steel-concrete transfer beams are reserved and not poured. Step 3: Weld the two ends of the structural steel of the steel-concrete transfer beam to the steel column, weld the top of the column longitudinal reinforcement to the bottom of the structural steel, and connect the two ends of the bottom reinforcement of the steel beam of the steel-concrete transfer beam to the steel column respectively. Step 4: Make through holes in the embedded steel plate of the steel plate concrete shear wall and weld reinforcing plates at the openings. After the embedded steel plate is vertically aligned with the structural steel, weld the bottom of the embedded steel plate to the top of the structural steel, and weld end steel on both sides of the embedded steel plate. Lay out the stirrups of the steel-concrete transfer beam. At the position opposite to the embedded steel plate, some of the transfer beam stirrups pass through the through holes, and the remaining transfer beam stirrups are cut off and welded to the embedded steel plate. Step 5: After completing the reinforcement layout of the steel-concrete transfer beam and the steel plate concrete shear wall, pour the concrete for the steel-concrete transfer beam and the steel plate concrete shear wall.
[0016] This invention addresses the foundation stability problem in the fully framed structure of a large-space-above-ground building. It involves installing cast-in-place piles on the main load-bearing foundation, connecting them with large foundation caps that serve as the supporting foundation for the steel-concrete composite columns in the transfer layer. Pipe piles are installed on the remaining foundation, with smaller foundation caps on top. Foundation tie beams are installed between the foundation caps, and a graded sand and gravel cushion layer is added. This effectively improves and strengthens the mechanical properties of the soil surrounding the pile foundation, significantly enhancing the overall stability of the foundation. Regarding the transfer connection problem of the steel-concrete composite shear wall, a steel-concrete composite transfer beam is used for support. The steel plates within the steel-concrete composite shear wall are strictly aligned with the steel web of the steel-concrete composite beam, ensuring efficient and direct transmission of vertical axial force. Through perforations are made in the embedded steel plates within the steel-concrete composite shear wall, allowing some stirrups on the transfer beam to pass through the embedded steel plates. Other stirrups are cut off and welded to the embedded steel plates, achieving a reliable connection between the steel-concrete composite shear wall and the concrete transfer beam. This ensures that the shear force on the steel-concrete composite shear wall is effectively and uniformly transmitted to the concrete transfer beam. The steel-concrete composite beams are reinforced with reinforcing plates and vertical stiffening plates embedded in the steel plate shear wall. This solves the problem of the stirrups in the transfer beams not being able to pass through the steel plate shear wall, enhances the shear resistance of the stirrups, and improves the load-bearing performance of the connection structure. In addition, stiffening ribs are set at the key starting and ending points of the steel plate shear wall, which can effectively prevent local buckling of the beams during the stress process, further ensuring the overall load-bearing capacity and seismic performance of the transfer system. For the connection nodes between the steel-concrete composite columns and the transfer beams, the steel column and longitudinal reinforcement at the top of the pre-reserved steel-concrete composite column are not poured. The top of the pre-reserved steel column is effectively welded to the structural steel in the transfer beam. The longitudinal reinforcement of the steel column is effectively welded to the structural steel through vertical connecting plates set on the structural steel. The longitudinal reinforcement at the bottom of the transfer beam is connected to the steel column through bolts and reinforced welding. The steel structure between the top of the steel-concrete composite column and the transfer beam, and the steel structure between the transfer beam and the upper shear wall are connected into a whole before the concrete is poured, ensuring the structural reliability of the support layer and the transfer layer. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a basic planar schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conversion layer in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the steel plate concrete shear wall in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 5 This is a partial planar schematic diagram of the conversion layer in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of section AA in the middle.
[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of section BB.
[0024] Figure 8 This is a plan view of a steel-concrete composite column in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 9 This is a front view of the connection between the steel-concrete composite column and the steel-concrete composite transfer beam in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 10 This is a side view of the connection between the steel-concrete composite column and the steel-concrete composite transfer beam in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 11 This is a frontal view of the first step in an embodiment of the construction method of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 12 This is a side view of the first step in an embodiment of the construction method of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the third step in an embodiment of the construction method of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 14 This is a partial schematic diagram of the fourth step in the embodiment of the construction method of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 15 This is a partial schematic diagram of the fourth step in the embodiment of the construction method of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 16 This is a partial schematic diagram of the fifth step in the embodiment of the construction method of the present invention.
[0033] Attached reference numerals: 1-Cast-in pile; 2-Large pile cap; 3-Pipe pile; 4-Small pile cap; 5-Foundation beam; 6-Steel-concrete composite column; 7-Steel-concrete transfer beam; 8-Steel plate concrete shear wall; 9-Graded sand and gravel cushion layer; 61-Steel column; 62-Column longitudinal reinforcement; 63-Diagonal stirrup; 64-Second stud; 65-Transverse reinforcing plate; 66-Reinforcing sleeve; 67-Transverse connecting plate; 71-Structural steel; 72-Transfer beam stirrup; 73-Tie bar; 74-Stud; 75-Stiffening rib; 76-Bottom reinforcement of steel beam; 77-Vertical connecting plate; 81-Embedded steel plate; 82-Through hole; 83-Reinforcing plate; 84-Vertical reinforcing plate; 85-End steel. Detailed Implementation
[0034] A structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure, such as Figures 1 to 3The foundation consists of a foundation, a support, and a transfer layer, arranged from bottom to top. The foundation includes cast-in-place piles 1, pipe piles 3, a large foundation 2, and a small foundation 4. Several cast-in-place piles 1 are embedded in the main load area of the foundation. The large foundation 2 is located on top of the cast-in-place piles 1 and is flush with the ground. The large foundation 2 is used to bear the main load of the superstructure. Several pipe piles 3 are embedded in the secondary load area of the foundation. The small foundation 4 is located on top of the pipe piles 3 and is flush with the ground. The small foundation 4 is used to bear the secondary load of the superstructure. The foundation planes between the large foundation 2, between the small foundation 4, and between the large foundation 2 and the small foundation 4 are covered by a graded sand and gravel cushion layer 9.
[0035] The supporting structure supports the superstructure, forming a large space at the bottom, such as a subway vehicle maintenance space or a shopping mall. The supporting structure mainly includes steel-concrete composite columns 6, with several of these columns 6 positioned on the large foundation 2 to form the large space at the bottom of the superstructure. Taking a certain rail transit station as an example, two symmetrical sets of large foundation 2 and small foundation 4 are each set on both sides of the rail transit track. The steel-concrete composite columns 6 are positioned on the large foundation 2, forming the bottom supporting structure and providing a large space for the subway vehicles.
[0036] To enhance the non-integral nature of the foundation, regulate uneven settlement, and bear vertical loads, foundation beams 5 are installed at suitable locations between the large foundation 2, between the small foundation 4, and between the large foundation 2 and the small foundation 4. If it is not suitable to install the foundation beams 5 between the large foundation 2, such as in an area where rail tracks are laid, the area between the large foundation 2 is treated by driving second pipe piles, and then the graded sand and gravel cushion layer 9 is laid on the second pipe piles. That is, the area around the large foundation 2 and the small foundation 4, except for the foundation beams 5, is covered with the graded sand and gravel cushion layer 9. Regarding the stability of the foundation plane, the above structure effectively improves and strengthens the mechanical properties of the soil surrounding the pile foundation, significantly enhancing the overall stability of the foundation. The width and depth of the sand and gravel cushion layer are not less than 2m.
[0037] The transfer layer includes a steel-concrete transfer beam 7 and a steel-concrete shear wall 8. Both ends of the steel-concrete transfer beam 7 are connected to the steel-concrete columns 6. The steel-concrete transfer beam 7 contains structural steel sections 71, and the structural steel sections 71 are surrounded by transfer beam stirrups 72. The steel-concrete shear wall 8 of the superstructure is located on the steel-concrete transfer beam 7. Figure 4 , Figure 5An embedded steel plate 81 is vertically installed inside the steel plate concrete shear wall 8. End steel sections 85 are welded to both sides of the embedded steel plate 81. The bottom of the end steel sections 85 is simultaneously welded to the flange of the structural steel section 71. The bottom of the embedded steel plate 81 is vertically aligned and welded to the structural steel section 71 inside the steel-concrete transfer beam 7 to ensure that the vertical axial force is transmitted efficiently and directly.
[0038] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 The embedded steel plate 81 has several through holes 82 at positions opposite to the transfer beam stirrups 72, allowing some of the transfer beam stirrups 72 to pass through. Reinforcing plates 83 are added at the locations of the through holes 82 on both surfaces of the embedded steel plate 81. The through holes 82 pass through the reinforcing plates 83. Some of the transfer beam stirrups 72 pass through the through holes 82 and connect to each other. The remaining transfer beam stirrups 72 are cut off and welded to the reinforcing plates 83. All through holes 82 pass through the reinforcing plates 83, which partially reinforce the embedded steel plate 81 with the through holes 82. The total thickness of the two reinforcing plates 83 is not less than the thickness of the embedded steel plate 81.
[0039] Vertical reinforcing plates 84 are provided at the connection points between the reinforcing plate 83 and the transfer beam stirrups 72. The sides of the cut-off transfer beam stirrups 72 that do not pass through the through holes 82 are welded to the upper surface of the vertical reinforcing plates 84 to improve the strength of the transfer beam stirrups 72. The cut-off transfer beam stirrups 72 that do not pass through the through holes 82 are connected to both the reinforcing plate 83 and the vertical reinforcing plates 84 to ensure the strength of the stirrups. The thickness of the vertical reinforcing plates 84 can be 10-30mm, and the length can be 50-150mm.
[0040] The number of transfer beam stirrups 72 passing through the through hole 82 shall not be less than the number of transfer beam stirrups 72 that are cut off and do not pass through the through hole 82, so as to ensure that the number of through stirrups is not less than 50%. The through holes 82 shall be evenly distributed. As one embodiment, the spacing of the through holes 82 is 200mm, and the hole diameter is 30-50mm, preferably 40mm.
[0041] The structural steel 71 is an I-beam or H-beam, with its flanges facing upwards and the embedded steel plate 81 aligned with the web of the structural steel 71. In one embodiment, the structural steel 7171 is an H-beam with both the flange and web thicknesses not less than 20mm, such as a specification of H1200×300×20×20.
[0042] To improve the load-bearing capacity of the transfer beam, several stiffening ribs 75 are provided within the grooves of the structural steel 71, and the positions of the stiffening ribs 75 correspond to the key starting and ending positions of the upper steel plate concrete shear wall 8. This structure effectively prevents local buckling of the beam during stress, further ensuring the overall load-bearing capacity and seismic performance of the transfer system. The spacing of the stiffening ribs 75 should not exceed 2m, and the thickness of the stiffening ribs 75 should not be less than 20mm.
[0043] In the steel-concrete transfer beam 7, the structural steel 71 is arranged in the middle of the steel-concrete transfer beam 7, and its height is not less than 1 / 3 of the height of the steel-concrete transfer beam 7. Several studs 74 are provided at the top of the structural steel 71 to strengthen the connection between the structural steel 71 and the concrete. The spacing of the studs 74 is controlled at 150-200mm, the height of the studs 74 is 76-90mm, and the diameter of the studs 74 is 16-19mm. In this embodiment, the stud 74 is φ19@200 with a diameter of 120mm. Stirrups are tied to the outside of the structural steel, retaining the outermost closed stirrups inside the transfer beam. The stirrups in the middle of the transfer beam are adjusted to tie bars 73 to ensure the shear bearing capacity inside the transfer beam.
[0044] The steel-concrete composite column 6 is provided with steel columns 61. As one embodiment, in this embodiment, such as... Figure 8 The steel column 61 is a cross-shaped steel column (also known as a double-cross H-beam). A transverse reinforcing plate 65 is provided at the node where the cross-shaped steel column connects to the steel-concrete transfer beam 7. Its thickness is not less than the flange thickness of the structural steel 71 inside the steel-concrete transfer beam 7, ensuring the strength of the connection node. A second stud 64 is provided on the flange of the cross-shaped column. The second stud 64 can be φ19@200 L=75mm. Stirrups are provided outside the cross-shaped column. In addition to the outer transverse stirrups and longitudinal reinforcement 62, diagonal stirrups 63 are also provided.
[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 9 , Figure 10 The bottom of the structural steel 71 of the steel-concrete transfer beam 7 is provided with a bottom steel beam reinforcement 76. One end of the bottom steel beam reinforcement 76 is bolted to one side of the steel column 61 by a steel sleeve 66 welded to the steel column 61. A transverse connecting plate 67 is welded to the steel column 61 on the other side. The bottom of the other end of the bottom steel beam reinforcement 76 is connected to the steel column 61 on that side by welding to the upper surface of the transverse connecting plate 67, which facilitates construction operations.
[0046] The steel-concrete composite column 6 is provided with longitudinal reinforcement bars 62. Vertical connecting plates 77 are welded to the structural steel 71 of the steel-concrete composite transfer beam 7 at locations where they conflict with the longitudinal reinforcement bars 62. The longitudinal reinforcement bars 62 are connected to the structural steel 71 by welding to the vertical connecting plates 77. The sides of the longitudinal reinforcement bars 62 are welded to the vertical connecting plates 77 to avoid point connections of the longitudinal reinforcement bars 62.
[0047] A construction method for the structural transfer structure of the aforementioned large-space superstructure building includes the following steps: Step 1: As Figure 11 , Figure 12 The foundations are constructed using cast-in-place piles 1 and pipe piles 3, followed by the construction of large and small foundation caps 2 and 4. Foundation beams 5 and graded sand and gravel cushion layers 9 are then constructed between large and small foundation caps 2, between small foundation caps 4, and between large and small foundation caps 2, according to the actual project conditions, to improve the structure's lateral resistance. The deployment positions of large and small foundation caps 2 and 4 need to be determined in advance based on the actual project conditions. Based on this, the positions of cast-in-place piles 1 and pipe piles 3 are then deployed, and foundation beams 5 are installed where they can be placed between the foundation caps. In areas where it is difficult to install foundation beams 5 between large foundation caps 2, such as in the rail transit station in this embodiment where the area between large foundation caps 2 is a passageway for subway vehicles, foundation beams 5 are not suitable. In such cases, pipe piles are driven into the foundation in this area, and graded sand and gravel are laid on top of the pipe piles. Graded sand and gravel cushion layers 9 are then placed around the perimeter of the remaining foundation caps.
[0048] Step 2: Constructing the main structure of the support section, including the pouring of the steel-concrete composite column 6, and reserving the steel column 61 and longitudinal reinforcement 62 at the top of the steel-concrete composite column 6 for connection with the steel-concrete composite transfer beam 7 without pouring, for connection with the upper transfer layer. Before leaving the factory, the steel column 61 is pre-installed with transverse reinforcing plates 65 at the node where it connects with the steel-concrete composite transfer beam 7. If the steel column 61 is a cross-shaped steel column, the transverse reinforcing plates 65 are welded inside, and studs 74 are welded to the flanges of the steel column 61.
[0049] Step 3: As Figure 13 The two ends of the structural steel 71 of the steel-concrete transfer beam 7 are welded to the steel column 61, the top of the column longitudinal reinforcement 62 is welded to the bottom of the structural steel 71, and the two ends of the bottom reinforcement 76 of the steel beam of the steel-concrete transfer beam 7 are connected to the steel column 61 respectively.
[0050] Specifically, a vertical connecting plate 77 is welded to the structural steel 71, and the side of the column longitudinal reinforcement 62 is welded to the plane of the vertical connecting plate 77. A reinforcing sleeve 66 is welded to the steel column 61 of one side of the steel-concrete composite column 6, and a transverse connecting plate 67 is welded to the steel column 61 of the other side of the steel-concrete composite column 6. One end of the bottom reinforcement 76 of the steel beam is connected to the steel column 61 of one side through the reinforcing sleeve 66, and the bottom of the other end is welded to the upper surface of the transverse connecting plate 67. Studs 74 are welded to the flanges of the structural steel 71.
[0051] Step 4: As Figure 14 , Figure 15 Through holes 82 are made in the embedded steel plate 81 of the steel plate concrete shear wall 8, and reinforcing plates 83 are welded at the openings. After the embedded steel plate 81 is vertically aligned with the structural steel 71, the bottom of the embedded steel plate 81 is welded to the top of the structural steel 71, and end steel 85 is welded on both sides of the embedded steel plate 81. The transfer beam stirrups 72 of the steel-concrete transfer beam 7 are arranged. At the position opposite to the embedded steel plate 81, part of the transfer beam stirrups 72 passes through the through holes 82, and the remaining transfer beam stirrups 72 are cut off and welded to the embedded steel plate 81.
[0052] Specifically, stiffening ribs 75 are provided at the start, end, and intermediate positions of the connection between the structural steel 71 and the embedded steel plate 81. The stiffening ribs 75 are welded into the waist groove of the structural steel 71. Vertical reinforcing plates 84 are welded to the corresponding positions of the cut-off transfer beam stirrups 72 on the reinforcing plate 83 of the embedded steel plate 81. The bottom side of the cut-off transfer beam stirrups 72 is welded to the upper surface of the vertical reinforcing plate 84, and the ends of the cut-off transfer beam stirrups 72 are welded to the reinforcing plate 83. The uncut transfer beam stirrups 72 are connected normally after passing through the through holes 82 on the embedded steel plate 81.
[0053] Step 5: As Figure 16 After the reinforcement structure of the steel-concrete transfer beam 7 and the steel plate concrete shear wall 8 is completed, the concrete pouring of the steel-concrete transfer beam 7 and the steel plate concrete shear wall 8 is carried out.
[0054] The above detailed description is a specific description of feasible embodiments of the present invention. These embodiments are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the present invention should be included in the patent scope of this case.
Claims
1. A structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure building, characterized in that, The foundation consists of a base, a support, and a transfer layer, arranged from bottom to top. The base includes cast-in-place piles, pipe piles, a large foundation, and a small foundation. Several cast-in-place piles are embedded in the main load area of the foundation. The large foundation is located on top of the cast-in-place piles and is flush with the ground. The large foundation is used to bear the main load of the superstructure. Several pipe piles are embedded in the secondary load area of the foundation. The small foundation is located on top of the pipe piles and is flush with the ground. The small foundation is used to bear the secondary load of the superstructure. The foundation planes between the large foundations, between the small foundations, and between the large foundations are made of graded sand and gravel cushions. The supporting structure includes steel-concrete composite columns, several of which are installed on the large foundation platform, forming a large open space at the ground floor of the superstructure. The transfer floor includes steel-concrete composite transfer beams and steel-concrete composite shear walls. The two ends of the steel-concrete composite transfer beams are connected to the steel-concrete composite columns. Structural steel sections are installed inside the steel-concrete composite transfer beams, and stirrups are arranged around the structural steel sections. The steel-concrete composite shear walls of the superstructure are installed on the steel-concrete composite transfer beams, and vertical stirrups are installed within the steel-concrete composite shear walls. An embedded steel plate is provided, with end steel sections welded to both sides of the embedded steel plate. The bottom of the embedded steel plate is vertically aligned with and welded to the structural steel section inside the steel-concrete transfer beam. Several through holes are provided on the embedded steel plate at positions opposite to the stirrups of the transfer beam, allowing some of the transfer beam stirrups to pass through. Reinforcing plates are added at the positions of the through holes on both surfaces of the embedded steel plate. The through holes pass through the reinforcing plates. Some of the transfer beam stirrups pass through the through holes and are connected to each other. The remaining transfer beam stirrups are cut off and welded to the reinforcing plates.
2. The structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure building according to claim 1, characterized in that, Vertical reinforcing plates are provided at the connection points between the reinforcing plates and the stirrups of the transfer beam. The side of the cut-off stirrups of the transfer beam that do not pass through the through holes are welded to the upper surface of the vertical reinforcing plates. The total thickness of the two reinforcing plates is not less than the thickness of the embedded steel plate.
3. The structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of stirrups in the transfer beam passing through the through hole shall not be less than the number of stirrups in the transfer beam that are cut off and do not pass through the through hole, so as to ensure that the number of through stirrups is not less than 50%.
4. The structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural steel is an I-beam or an H-beam, with the flanges of the structural steel facing upwards and the embedded steel plate aligned with the web of the structural steel; the groove of the structural steel is provided with several stiffening ribs, and the positions of the stiffening ribs correspond to the key starting and ending positions of the upper steel plate concrete shear wall.
5. The structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure building according to claim 1, characterized in that, Foundation beams are also provided between the large and small foundations, and between the large and small foundations. If it is not suitable to set the foundation beams between the large foundations, the area between the large foundations is treated by driving second pipe piles, and then the graded sand and gravel cushion layer is laid on the second pipe piles.
6. The structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural steel is arranged in the middle of the steel-concrete transfer beam, and its height is not less than 1 / 3 of the height of the steel-concrete transfer beam. Several studs are provided on the top of the structural steel.
7. The structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel-concrete composite column is provided with cross-shaped steel sections. A transverse reinforcing plate is provided at the node where the cross-shaped steel section connects to the steel-concrete composite transfer beam. The thickness of the plate is not less than the thickness of the flange of the structural steel section inside the steel-concrete composite transfer beam.
8. The structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel-concrete composite column is provided with steel columns, and the bottom of the structural steel of the steel-concrete composite transfer beam is provided with bottom reinforcement bars. One end of the bottom reinforcement bars is bolted to the steel column on one side by a steel sleeve welded to the steel column. A transverse connecting plate is welded to the steel column on the other side, and the bottom of the other end of the bottom reinforcement bars is connected to the steel column on that side by welding to the transverse connecting plate.
9. The structural conversion structure for a large-space superstructure building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel-concrete composite column is provided with longitudinal reinforcement bars. A vertical connecting plate is welded to the structural steel of the steel-concrete composite transfer beam at a position opposite to the longitudinal reinforcement bars. The longitudinal reinforcement bars are connected to the structural steel by welding to the vertical connecting plate.
10. A construction method for a structural conversion structure of a large-space superstructure building as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct cast-in-place pile and pipe pile foundations, construct large and small pile caps, and construct foundation beams and graded sand and gravel cushion layers between large and small pile caps, and between large and small pile caps, according to the actual project conditions, to improve the lateral resistance of the structure. Step 2: The main structure of the construction support part, including the pouring of steel-concrete columns, and the steel columns and column longitudinal reinforcements at the connection between the top of the steel-concrete columns and the steel-concrete transfer beams are reserved and not poured. Step 3: Weld the two ends of the structural steel of the steel-concrete transfer beam to the steel column, weld the top of the column longitudinal reinforcement to the bottom of the structural steel, and connect the two ends of the bottom reinforcement of the steel beam of the steel-concrete transfer beam to the steel column respectively. Step 4: Make through holes in the embedded steel plate of the steel plate concrete shear wall and weld reinforcing plates at the openings. After the embedded steel plate is vertically aligned with the structural steel, weld the bottom of the embedded steel plate to the top of the structural steel, and weld end steel on both sides of the embedded steel plate. Lay out the stirrups of the steel-concrete transfer beam. At the position opposite to the embedded steel plate, some of the transfer beam stirrups pass through the through holes, and the remaining transfer beam stirrups are cut off and welded to the embedded steel plate. Step 5: After completing the reinforcement layout of the steel-concrete transfer beam and the steel plate concrete shear wall, pour the concrete for the steel-concrete transfer beam and the steel plate concrete shear wall.