Drilling fluid while drilling collection and breaking device based on centrifugal unblocking and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a drilling fluid while-drilling collecting and crushing device based on centrifugal unblocking and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of drilling crushing and separating equipment. The drilling fluid collecting module is integrated in the drill rod, so that the problem that the collecting device cannot be conveniently positioned is solved; the centrifugal separating and crushing pipe containing a crushing cutter and a filter screen is arranged in the collecting path, so that sufficient crushing and filtering of solid particles in the drilling fluid are realized, and pipeline blockage is effectively prevented; when blockage is detected, the centrifugal separating and crushing pipe is separated from the collecting pipe and the collecting port, and the centrifugal separating and crushing pipe is controlled to rotate, so that rapid unblocking is realized by means of centrifugal force; the centrifugal separating and crushing pipe is detachably connected with the collecting pipe and the collecting port through the support frame, and is convenient for later maintenance. The application integrates in-place installation, crushing and filtering, centrifugal self-cleaning and modular maintenance, and improves the sufficiency, continuity and convenience of drilling fluid collection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of drilling fracturing and separation equipment, specifically to a drilling fluid collection and fracturing device based on centrifugal plugging and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In mining drilling, geological exploration, and oil extraction, drilling fluid (commonly known as mud) plays a crucial role in cooling the drill bit, carrying rock cuttings, and balancing formation pressure. After drilling operations are completed, a large amount of waste drilling fluid remains in the well. Direct discharge of this fluid would cause serious pollution to the surrounding soil and groundwater environment. Therefore, it is essential to effectively collect and treat waste drilling fluid after drilling is completed.

[0003] In existing technologies, drilling fluid recovery typically employs a step-by-step operation mode of "retracting the drill pipe first, then lowering it": that is, the drill pipe is first completely withdrawn from the well, and then a separate drilling fluid collection device is lowered to the bottom of the well for pumping and recovery. However, in actual mine construction, due to complex geological conditions, the drill duct often has a certain degree of curvature and is not completely vertical. This non-vertical well structure makes it very easy for the lowered collection device to run aground and become obstructed at the bends during the lowering process, making it difficult to reach the deepest part of the well. As a result, the drilling fluid remaining at the bottom of the well cannot be fully recovered, and the collection effect is greatly reduced.

[0004] Furthermore, waste drilling fluid typically contains a large amount of large solid impurities such as coal slag and rock fragments that have detached from the wellbore. Existing collection devices lack effective breaking and anti-clogging structures within their pipelines. During the pumping process, these large impurities easily clog the suction inlet or the inside of the pipeline, causing collection operations to be interrupted. Once a blockage occurs, operators need to lift the entire device to the surface for manual cleaning, which is extremely inconvenient and severely impacts construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal deblocking and its usage method. By integrating the drilling fluid collection module into the drill pipe to achieve drilling while lowering, and by setting a crushing and filtering pipe containing a crushing blade and a filter screen to achieve coal slag crushing and filtering, the invention effectively solves the problems of the prior art where the collection device in the curved well passage cannot be positioned, the pipeline is easy to be blocked, and cleaning is difficult.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a drilling fluid collection and breaking device based on centrifugal plugging, comprising: a controller and a drilling fluid collection module inserted into the center hole of the drill pipe, the drilling fluid collection module comprising a collection pipe and a collection port, a support frame disposed between the collection pipe and the collection port, a retractable centrifugal separation and breaking pipe rotatably disposed on the support frame, a filter screen installed inside the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe, a breaking blade installed on the side of the filter screen facing the input drilling fluid, and an ejection device disposed between the collection port and the wall of the center hole of the drill pipe; When the controller receives the drilling fluid collection command, it controls the centrifugal separation and break tube to extend, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation and break tube are connected to the collection tube and the collection port respectively, and controls the ejection device to eject; When the controller detects that the drilling fluid flow rate in the collection pipe is less than the threshold, it controls the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe to contract, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe are separated from the collection pipe and the collection port respectively, and controls the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe to rotate for a preset time.

[0007] Furthermore, the filter screen is movably installed inside the centrifugal separation and breaking tube; when the controller detects that the drilling fluid flow rate in the collection tube is less than the threshold, it controls the centrifugal separation and breaking tube to contract, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation and breaking tube are separated from the collection tube and the collection port respectively, controls the filter screen and the breaking blade to extend out of the centrifugal separation and breaking tube, and controls the centrifugal separation and breaking tube to rotate for a preset time.

[0008] Furthermore, a third telescopic frame is installed inside the centrifugal separation and crushing tube. The third telescopic frame is connected to the inner wall of the crushing tube and the filter screen respectively. The third telescopic frame is used to drive the filter screen to move along the centrifugal separation and crushing tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the centrifugal separation and crushing tube includes a connecting tube, a centrifugal unblocking and receiving tube, and a crushing and filtering tube that are sequentially and movably connected; the connecting tube is used to connect to the collection tube, and the crushing and filtering tube is used to connect to the collection port; a filter screen is installed inside the crushing and filtering tube. The centrifugal blockage removal and collection tube is equipped with a first telescopic frame and a second telescopic frame. The first telescopic frame is connected to the centrifugal blockage removal and collection tube and the connecting tube, and is used to drive the connecting tube to slide relative to the centrifugal blockage removal and collection tube. The second telescopic frame is connected to the connecting tube and the crushing and filtering tube, and is used to drive the connecting tube and the crushing and filtering tube to slide relative to each other. The centrifugal separation and crushing tube can be extended and retracted by the relative sliding of the connecting tube and the crushing and filtering tube with the centrifugal blockage removal and collection tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the ejection device includes a locking unit and an elastic element. The locking unit is disposed between the collection port and the center hole wall of the drill pipe. One end of the elastic element is connected to the center hole wall of the drill pipe, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the collection port. When the controller receives a drilling fluid collection command, it controls the locking unit to open, so that the collection port is separated from the drill pipe, and the elastic element pushes the collection port out of the center hole of the drill pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the locking unit includes a card interface disposed at the collection port and a card groove disposed at the center hole wall of the drill pipe. A card block that can extend and retract from the card groove is disposed in the card groove. When the end of the card block near the collection port extends out of the card groove, it can be inserted into the card interface. When the controller receives a drilling fluid collection command, it controls the card block to retract and the locking unit to open.

[0012] Furthermore, the collection port includes an end pipe connected to the support frame and a fixing unit disposed at the bottom of the end pipe; the side of the end pipe is provided with several water inlets, and the card interface is disposed on the side of the fixing unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the end tube and the fixing unit are stepped, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the stepped surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic element is a spring, and a retractable guide post coaxially disposed inside the spring and connected to the central hole wall of the drill rod.

[0015] This invention provides a method of using any of the above-mentioned drilling fluid collection and fracturing devices based on centrifugal plugging, comprising: Before drilling operations begin, the drilling fluid collection module is pre-inserted into the drill pipe and lowered to the bottom of the well along with the drill pipe. When the controller receives the drilling fluid collection command, it controls the centrifugal separator to extend, so that both ends of the centrifugal separator are connected to the collection pipe and the collection port respectively, and controls the ejection device to eject, so that the collection port is separated from the drill pipe and the drill pipe is pulled out. Connect the external suction device to the collection pipe, start the suction device, and the controller controls the rotation of the crusher blade; When the controller detects that the drilling fluid flow rate in the collection pipe is less than the threshold, it controls the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe to contract, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe are separated from the collection pipe and the collection port respectively, and controls the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe to rotate for a preset time.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a drilling fluid collection and breaking device based on centrifugal plugging. By setting a drilling fluid collection module inserted into the center hole of the drill pipe, the drilling fluid collection module can be positioned with the drill pipe. After the operation is completed, the drilling fluid collection module can be independently stationed at the operation point for drilling fluid pumping. This solves the problem that traditional rear-mounted collection devices cannot be positioned smoothly and have difficulty reaching the drilling fluid accumulation area in curved, narrow or non-linear channels, thus realizing in-situ and full collection of drilling fluid containing particles.

[0017] This invention also features a centrifugal separation and crushing pipe with a built-in filter screen and crushing blade in the drilling fluid collection module, which can effectively prevent pipeline blockage. The crushing blade can perform multi-stage and thorough crushing of hard particles and blocky impurities carried in the drilling fluid, reducing their particle size so that they can pass smoothly through the filter screen. This effectively avoids the problem of blockage or clogging caused by large solids entering the pipeline, ensuring the continuity of collection operations and the safety of equipment operation.

[0018] This invention features a retractable centrifugal separation and breaking tube, which is rotatably mounted on a support frame. When the drilling fluid flow rate in the collection tube is detected to be less than a threshold, the centrifugal separation and breaking tube is controlled to contract, causing both ends of the centrifugal separation and breaking tube to separate from the collection tube and the collection port, respectively. The centrifugal separation and breaking tube can then be rotated to centrifugally remove blockages. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging in this invention. Figure 2 This is a front view of the drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the drilling fluid collection and breaking device based on centrifugal plugging of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging in this invention. Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling fluid collection module of the drilling fluid collection and breaking device based on centrifugal plugging in this invention when it is ejected. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling fluid collection module of the drilling fluid collection and breaking device based on centrifugal plugging in this invention; Figure 8 This is a front view of the drilling fluid collection module of the drilling fluid collection and breaking device based on centrifugal plugging in this invention; Figure 9 This is an assembly diagram of the drilling fluid collection module of the drilling fluid collection and breaking device based on centrifugal plugging in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifugal separation and crushing tube rotation structure in the drilling fluid collection module of the drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging in this invention. Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the centrifugal separation and crushing pipe of the drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging in this invention; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the centrifugal separation and crushing pipe of the drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Drill pipe; 2. Drill bit; 3. Drilling fluid collection module; 4. Flow rate sensor; 11. Rod body; 12. Ejection unit; 13. Locking unit; 31. Collection pipe; 32. Centrifugal separation and crushing pipe; 33. End pipe; 34. Fixing unit; 121. Ejection seat; 122. Mounting plate; 123. Guide column; 124. Elastic element; 125. Ejection plate; 131. Third motor; 132. Threaded rod; 133. Clamping block; 311. Connecting pipe; 321. Centrifugal plugging and collection pipe; 322. First motor 323. Machine; 324. Support frame; 325. Connecting pipe; 326. Crushing and filtering pipe; 327. Ring frame; 328. Fixing bolt; 339. Water inlet; 330. Interface; 341. Clip interface; 342. Controller; 3211. Centrifugal drain and storage pipe body; 3212. First telescopic frame; 3213. Second telescopic frame; 3221. Rotating shaft; 3251. Crushing pipe; 3252. Third telescopic frame; 3253. Filter screen; 3254. Second motor; 3255. Rotating rod; 3256. Crushing blade. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment introduces a drilling fluid collection and breaking device based on centrifugal deblocking, including a controller 342 and a drilling fluid collection module 3 inserted into the center hole of the drill pipe 1. The drilling fluid collection module 3 includes a collection pipe 31 and a collection port. A support frame 323 is provided between the collection pipe 31 and the collection port. A retractable centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 323. A filter screen 3253 is installed inside the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32. A breaking blade 3256 is installed on the side of the filter screen 3253 facing the input drilling fluid. An ejection device is provided between the collection port and the wall of the center hole of the drill pipe 1. When the controller 342 receives a drilling fluid collection command, it controls the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32 to extend, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32 are connected to the collection pipe 31 and the collection port respectively, and controls the ejection device to eject it. When the controller 342 detects that the drilling fluid flow rate in the collection pipe 31 is less than the threshold, it controls the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32 to contract, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32 are separated from the collection pipe 31 and the collection port respectively, and controls the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32 to rotate for a preset time.

[0026] In the above scheme, the drilling fluid collection module 3 can be positioned with the drill pipe 1. After the operation is completed, the drilling fluid collection module 3 can be independently stationed at the operation point, realizing in-situ and sufficient collection of drilling fluid containing particles. The breaker blade 3256 can perform multi-stage and sufficient crushing of hard particles and blocky impurities carried in the drilling fluid, reducing their particle size so that they can pass smoothly through the filter screen 3253, effectively avoiding the problem of blockage or clogging caused by large solids entering the pipeline, ensuring the continuity of collection operations and the safety of equipment operation. When the drilling fluid flow rate in the collection pipe 31 is detected to be less than the threshold, the centrifugal separation breaker pipe 32 is controlled to contract, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation breaker pipe 32 are separated from the collection pipe 31 and the collection port, respectively. The centrifugal separation breaker pipe 32 can be rotated to centrifugally remove blockages.

[0027] Furthermore, the filter screen 3253 is movably installed inside the centrifugal separation and breaker tube 32. When the controller 342 detects that the drilling fluid flow rate in the collection pipe 31 is less than a threshold, it controls the centrifugal separation and breaker tube 32 to contract, separating both ends of the centrifugal separation and breaker tube 32 from the collection pipe 31 and the collection port, respectively. The controller then controls the filter screen 3253 and the breaker blade 3256 to extend out of the centrifugal separation and breaker tube 32, and controls the centrifugal separation and breaker tube 32 to rotate for a preset time. Thus, before centrifugal unblocking, extending the filter screen 3253 from the centrifugal separation and breaker tube 32 completely opens both ends of the centrifugal separation and breaker tube 32, improving unblocking efficiency.

[0028] Specifically, please refer to Figures 1 to 12 A drill bit 2 is installed at the bottom of the drill pipe 1. The centrifugal separation and crushing pipe 32 includes a connecting pipe 324, a centrifugal plugging and receiving pipe 321, and a crushing and filtering pipe 325 arranged in sequence. The connecting pipe 324 is connected to one end of the collecting pipe 31. The crushing and filtering pipe 325 is provided with a filter screen 3253 and a crushing blade 3256 driven to rotate by a second motor 3254 and installed at the bottom of the filter screen 3253. The centrifugal plugging and receiving pipe 321 is provided with a first telescopic frame 3212 and a second telescopic frame 3213. The first telescopic frame 3212 is connected to the centrifugal plugging and receiving pipe 321 and the connecting pipe 324 respectively, and is used to drive the connecting pipe 324 to slide relative to the centrifugal plugging and receiving pipe 321. The second telescopic frame 3213 is connected to the connecting pipe 324 and the crushing and filtering pipe 325 respectively, and is used to drive the connecting pipe 324 and the crushing and filtering pipe 325 to slide relative to each other. The collecting port is installed at the bottom of the centrifugal separation and crushing pipe 322. The collecting port is connected to the crushing and filtering pipe 325 and is used to input drilling fluid. The first telescopic frame 3212 and the second telescopic frame 3213 constitute the first telescopic drive assembly. The centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32 extends and retracts to form at least the following states: First state: The centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32 is connected to the collecting pipe 31 and the collecting port to transport drilling fluid; Second state: The centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32 is disconnected from the collecting pipe 31 and the collecting port, and is driven to rotate by the first motor 322 to perform centrifugal deblocking.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 The second motor 3254 is located at the center of the bottom of the filter screen 3253. A rotating rod 3255 is installed at the output end of the second motor 3254. The rotating rod 3255 is fixedly mounted with a crushing blade 3256, which is a double-layered crushing blade. The two sets of crushing blades, one large and one small, in the crushing blade 3256 can effectively shear and crush large solids such as coal slag in the drilling fluid. A connecting pipe 311 is provided at the upper part of the collection pipe 31 for connecting to an external suction device.

[0030] Further, please refer to Figure 10The centrifugal discharge and collection tube 321 includes a centrifugal discharge and collection tube body 3211. A first motor 322 is installed on the side of the support frame 323 near the centrifugal discharge and collection tube body 3211. The output end of the first motor 322 is fixedly connected to the centrifugal discharge and collection tube body 3211. The first motor 322 can drive the centrifugal separation and crushing tube 32 to rotate after the centrifugal separation and crushing tube 32 retracts.

[0031] Please refer to a specific example. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, a flow rate sensor 4 is used to monitor the liquid flow rate in the collection tube 31. The flow rate sensor 4 is installed in the collection tube 31.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 The crushing and filtering tube 325 includes a crushing tube 3251, a filter screen 3253 embedded in the crushing tube 3251, and third telescopic frames 3252, which are signal-connected to the controller 342, embedded on all four sides of the crushing tube 3251. The bottom end of the third telescopic frame 3252 is fixedly connected to the filter screen 3253. The third telescopic frame 3252 is used to drive the filter screen 3253 to move along the centrifugal separation crushing tube 32.

[0033] Specifically, the ejection device includes a locking unit 13 and an elastic element 124. The locking unit 13 is disposed between the collection port and the central hole wall of the drill pipe 1. One end of the elastic element 124 is connected to the central hole wall of the drill pipe 1, and the other end of the elastic element 124 abuts against the collection port. When the controller 342 receives the drilling fluid collection command, it controls the locking unit 13 to open, so that the collection port is separated from the drill pipe 1, and the elastic element 124 pushes the collection port to eject from the central hole of the drill pipe 1.

[0034] In one specific implementation, the locking unit 13 includes a card interface 341 disposed at the collection port and a card groove disposed at the center hole wall of the drill pipe 1. A card block 133 is disposed in the card groove and can extend and retract from the card groove. When the end of the card block 133 near the collection port extends out of the card groove, it can be inserted into the card interface 341. When the controller 342 receives the drilling fluid collection command, it controls the card block 133 to retract and the locking unit 13 to open.

[0035] In addition, please see Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10It should be added that the collection port includes an end pipe 33 connected to the support frame 323 and a fixing unit 34 located at the bottom of the end pipe 33; several suction ports 331 are provided on the side of the end pipe 33, and a snap-fit ​​interface 341 is located on the side of the fixing unit 34. A ring frame 326 is provided at the bottom of the support frame 323, and the outer periphery of the interface 332 at the top of the end pipe 33 has an end face for mating with the ring frame 326, and is provided with mounting holes adapted to the fixing bolts 327. The ring frame 326 is fixed to the top of the end pipe 33 by several fixing bolts 327. Fixing bolts 327 are provided on the outside of the collection pipe 31 and the upper part of the ring frame 326, and are fixedly connected to the collection pipe 31 and the end pipe 33 by fixing bolts 327; the connecting pipe 324 can be inserted into the collection pipe 31 when extended, and the crushing filter pipe 325 can be inserted into the interface 332 at the top of the end pipe 33 when extended. Among them, the end pipe 33 and the fixing unit 34 are stepped, and the other end of the elastic member 124 abuts against the stepped surface.

[0036] For some specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 10 There are four water inlets 331, which are located around the end pipe 33.

[0037] Furthermore, a third motor 131 is provided in the slot, and a threaded rod 132 is provided at the output end of the third motor 131. A locking block 133 is provided on the threaded rod 132 through threaded nesting. The locking block 133 is slidably connected to the slot. The outer peripheral surface of the fixing unit 34 is provided with a card interface 341 adapted to the locking block 133. When the threaded rod 132 rotates, it drives the locking block 133 to slide along the card holder groove. When the locking block 133 is embedded in the card interface 341, the fixing unit 34 is locked.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, card interfaces 341 are provided on all four sides of the fixing unit 34. The card interfaces 341 are connected to the card blocks 133 one by one. The card blocks 133 can be inserted into the card interfaces 341 to lock the fixing unit 34.

[0039] It should be added that the drill rod 1 includes a rod body 11, and a drill bit 2 is installed at the lower end of the rod body 11.

[0040] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6The elastic element 124 is a spring, and a retractable guide post 123, coaxially connected to the central hole wall of the drill rod 1, is arranged inside the spring. An ejector seat 121 is provided on the inner wall of the rod body 11, with the guide post 123 at the lower part of the ejector seat 121 and an ejector plate 125 at the bottom of the guide post 123. When the fixing unit 34 is retracted into the rod body 11, the ejector plate 125 abuts against the fixing unit 34 and compresses the elastic element 124. When the locking block 133 is retracted and disengaged from the locking interface 341, the elastic element 124 is released, and the fixing unit 34 is ejected more quickly via the ejector plate 125. An mounting plate 122 is provided at the rear of the ejector seat 121, and the ejector seat 121 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the rod body 11 via the mounting plate 122. The elastic element 124, guide post 123, ejector seat 121, ejector plate 125, and mounting plate 122 constitute the ejection unit 12.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first telescopic frame 3212, the second telescopic frame 3213, and the third telescopic frame 3252 are all hydraulic telescopic frames. The controller 342 controls the first telescopic frame 3212, the second telescopic frame 3213, and the third telescopic frame 3252 to perform telescopic actions through the corresponding matching actuators, which will not be elaborated here.

[0042] The working principle of the drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging in this embodiment is divided into four stages: drilling fluid lowering and separation, drilling fluid collection and crushing, plugging detection and centrifugal plugging removal, and post-maintenance. 1. Drilling and Separation Stage Before drilling operations begin, the drilling fluid collection module 3 is pre-installed inside the rod body 11 of the drill pipe 1. The locking unit 13's locking block 133 is inserted into the locking interface 341 of the fixing unit 34, locking the drilling fluid collection module 3 inside the rod body 11. At this time, the elastic element 124 of the ejection unit 12 is in a compressed state, accumulating ejection force. The drill pipe 1 drives the drill bit 2 downwards, and the drilling fluid collection module 3 reaches the bottom of the well along with it.

[0043] After drilling is completed, the well is filled with waste drilling fluid. The controller 342 starts the third motor 131, which drives the threaded rod 132 to rotate, causing the locking block 133 to move out of the locking interface 341 and release the lock. At this time, the elastic element 124, which is in a compressed state, releases its elastic force, pushing the ejection plate 125 downward, ejecting the drilling fluid collection module 3 from the rod body 11, so that it separates from the drill pipe 1 and remains independently at the bottom of the well.

[0044] 2. Drilling fluid collection and fracturing stage Drill pipe 1 is slowly withdrawn from the well. Once the connecting pipe 311 is exposed at the wellhead, it is connected to the external suction device. The external suction device is activated, and the drilling fluid at the bottom of the well is drawn in from the suction ports 331 on all four sides of the collection port under negative pressure, entering the drilling fluid collection module 3.

[0045] The drilling fluid flows sequentially through the collection port, the break-and-filter pipe 325, the centrifugal plugging and collection pipe 321, the connecting pipe 324, and the collection pipe 31, and is finally discharged to the surface recovery system through the connecting pipe 311.

[0046] As the drilling fluid flows through the crushing and filtering pipe 325, the controller 342 starts the second motor 3254, which drives the rotating rod 3255 and the upper crushing blades 3256 to rotate at high speed. The two sets of crushing blades, one large and one small, in the crushing blades 3256 thoroughly shear and crush large solids such as coal slag in the drilling fluid. The crushed drilling fluid continues to flow upwards, and when it passes through the filter screen 3253, liquid with the correct particle size passes through, while incompletely crushed particles are intercepted, achieving further filtration.

[0047] 3. Blockage Detection and Centrifugal Deblocking Stage During the collection process, a flow rate sensor 4 installed inside the collection pipe 31 monitors the flow rate of the liquid in the pipe in real time. When the filter screen 3253 becomes clogged due to excessive interception of coal slag, the flow rate will decrease significantly. The flow rate sensor 4 feeds back the signal to the controller 342.

[0048] After the controller 342 detects a blockage, it first instructs the external suction device to stop operating. Then, it initiates the centrifugal unblocking procedure. First, retraction and separation: Controller 342 controls the first telescopic frame 3212 and the second telescopic frame 3213 to retract synchronously, pulling the connecting pipe 324 out of the collecting pipe 31, and at the same time pulling the crushing filter pipe 325 out of the interface 332 at the upper part of the collecting port, so that the centrifugal separation crushing pipe 32 is separated from the upper and lower pipes.

[0049] Second, the filter screen 3253 unfolds: the controller 342 controls the third telescopic frame 3252 to unfold downwards, pushing the filter screen 3253 downwards so that it is completely removed from the cavity of the rupture tube 3251 and exposed to the external space.

[0050] Third, centrifugal unblocking: Controller 342 starts the first motor 322, which drives the centrifugal unblocking receiving tube 3211 to rotate at high speed via the rotating shaft 3221. Since the filter screen 3253 is connected to the centrifugal unblocking receiving tube 3211 via the third telescopic frame 3252, the filter screen 3253 also rotates at high speed. Under the action of strong centrifugal force, the coal slag clogging the outer surface of the filter screen 3253 is quickly thrown off the screen surface. At the same time, it can be combined with external reverse water flow flushing to wash away the displaced coal slag and completely remove the blockage.

[0051] Fourth, reset and restoration: After the blockage is cleared, the first motor 322 controls the centrifugal blockage collection pipe 3211 to stop rotating and return to a vertical position. The first telescopic frame 3212, the second telescopic frame 3213, and the third telescopic frame 3252 move in opposite directions, re-inserting the connecting pipe 324 into the collection pipe 31, re-inserting the crushing filter pipe 325 into the collection port, and retracting the filter screen 3253 into the crushing pipe 3251. The system is restored, the suction device is restarted, and the drainage operation continues.

[0052] 4. Post-maintenance phase After all drilling fluid collection operations are completed, the drilling fluid collection module 3 can be lifted from the bottom of the well to the surface. If the centrifugal separation and breakage pipe 32 needs to be inspected or cleaned, simply unscrew the fixing bolt 327 to separate and disassemble the centrifugal separation and breakage pipe 32 from the collection pipe 31 and the collection port, which facilitates subsequent in-depth maintenance and upkeep.

[0053] In summary, the drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging of the present invention has the following characteristics: 1) Pre-installed integrated installation adapts to complex operating environments. This invention pre-integrates the drilling fluid collection module 3 inside the delivery pipeline or working channel, positioning it together with the main equipment. After the operation is completed, the drilling fluid collection module 3 is independently positioned at the work point for drilling fluid extraction via an ejection separation mechanism. This structural design completely solves the problem that traditional rear-mounted collection devices cannot be smoothly positioned or reach the drilling fluid accumulation area in curved, narrow, or non-linear channels, achieving in-situ and full collection of drilling fluid containing particles and eliminating collection dead zones.

[0054] 2) An integrated crushing and filtering structure effectively prevents pipeline blockage. A crushing and filtering pipe 325, containing crushing blades 3256 and a filter screen 3253, is installed in the drilling fluid collection path. A second motor 3254 drives a rotating rod 3255 to rotate the crushing blades 3256 at high speed. Two sets of crushing blades, one large and one small, can perform multi-stage and thorough crushing of hard particles and lumpy impurities carried in the drilling fluid, reducing their particle size so they can pass smoothly through the filter screen 3253. This effectively avoids blockage or clogging caused by large solids entering the pipeline, ensuring the continuity of collection operations and the safety of equipment operation.

[0055] 3) An innovative centrifugal unclogging mechanism enables online self-cleaning. When the flow rate sensor 4 detects a decrease in drilling fluid flow rate and determines that the filter screen 3253 is clogged, a unique centrifugal unclogging mode can be activated. Through the coordinated contraction of the first telescopic frame 3212 and the second telescopic frame 3213, the broken filter pipe 325 is disengaged from the upstream and downstream pipelines; simultaneously, the third telescopic frame 3252 unfolds, removing the filter screen 3253 from the broken pipe 3251; subsequently, the first motor 322 drives the centrifugal unclogging receiving pipe body 3211 and the filter screen 3253 to rotate at high speed. With the help of powerful centrifugal force and reverse flushing, impurities clogging the outer surface of the filter screen 3253 are quickly dispelled. This structural design achieves online, automatic unclogging without requiring shutdown and pipeline disassembly, significantly improving operational efficiency.

[0056] 4) Modular and detachable structure facilitates later maintenance. The centrifugal separation and crushing tube 32 is fixedly connected to the collection tube 31 and collection port via fixing bolts 327. When equipment maintenance, filter cleaning, or replacement of crushing tools is required, the fixing bolts 327 can be easily removed, and the centrifugal separation and crushing tube 32 can be completely separated from the drilling fluid collection module 3. This modular design greatly facilitates later maintenance work and effectively reduces the maintenance cost throughout the equipment's life cycle.

[0057] 5) Precise control and high degree of automation: Through the controller 342, the first motor 322, the second motor 3254, the third motor 131, multiple sets of telescopic frames and flow sensor 4 work together to realize the full-process automated control from equipment positioning, drilling fluid collection, crushing and filtration, blockage detection and centrifugal blockage removal. The system responds quickly, acts precisely, and operates reliably, and can adapt to the automated operation requirements under continuous working conditions.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] This embodiment provides a method for using a drilling fluid collection and fracturing device based on centrifugal plugging, applicable to the drilling fluid collection and fracturing device based on centrifugal plugging in Embodiment 1, including the following steps: Combination Figures 3 to 12 The specific steps are as follows: S1. After drilling is completed, the well is filled with drilling fluid. The controller 342 controls the third motor 131 in the locking unit 13 to start, the card block 133 moves out of the card interface 341, and the elastic element 124 in the compressed state ejects the drilling fluid collection module 3 from the rod body 11. S2. Slowly retract the rod 11 upwards. After the connecting pipe 311 is exposed, connect the connecting pipe 311 to the external suction device. S3. Start the external suction device. The drilling fluid enters the collection port from the suction port 331, and is then sucked up along the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32 and the collection pipe 31. Finally, it is discharged through the connecting pipe 311. S4. During the process of absorbing drilling fluid, the second motor 3254 is started. The second motor 3254 drives the rotating rod 3255 and the upper breaker 3256 to rotate. The two sets of breaker blades, one large and one small, in the breaker 3256 fully crush the coal slag in the drilling fluid, and the filter screen 3253 further filters the coal slag. S5. The flow rate sensor 4 senses the flow rate of the water during transmission in real time. When the speed drops to the set threshold, the controller 342 determines that the filter screen 3253 is blocked. The external suction device stops, the centrifugal separation and crushing tube 32 starts, and the controller 342 controls the first telescopic frame 3212 and the second telescopic frame 3213 to start synchronously, retracting the connecting pipe 324 and the crushing filter tube 325 from the collection pipe 31 and the collection port. Then, the first motor 322 controls the rotating shaft 3221 and the centrifugal unblocking and collecting tube 3211 to start rotating. At the same time, the third telescopic frame 3252 unfolds, controlling the filter screen 3253 to unfold and move the filter screen 3253 out of the crushing tube 3251. The first motor 322 controls the filter screen 3253 to rotate rapidly, using centrifugal force and water flow to dispel the coal slag blocking the filter screen 3253. S6. The first motor 322 controls the centrifugal draining and collecting pipe 3211 to be in a vertical state. The first telescopic frame 3212, the second telescopic frame 3213 and the third telescopic frame 3252 start in reverse. The connecting pipe 324 and the crushing and filtering pipe 325 are then inserted into the collecting pipe 31 and the collecting port to repeat the drainage operation. S7. After the drainage operation is completed, the drilling fluid collection module 3 is maintained. The centrifugal separation and breaking pipe 32 is separated and disassembled from the drilling fluid collection module 3 by the fixing bolt 327 for easy maintenance later.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure and not to limit its protection scope. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that after reading this disclosure, they can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation of the invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the protection scope of the pending claims.

Claims

1. A drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging, characterized in that, include: The controller (342) and the drilling fluid collection module (3) inserted into the center hole of the drill pipe (1) include a collection pipe (31) and a collection port. A support frame (323) is provided between the collection pipe (31) and the collection port. A retractable centrifugal separation and crushing pipe (32) is rotatably provided on the support frame (323). A filter screen (3253) is installed inside the centrifugal separation and crushing pipe (32). A crushing blade (3256) is installed on the side of the filter screen (3253) facing the input drilling fluid. An ejection device is provided between the collection port and the center hole wall of the drill pipe (1). When the controller (342) receives the drilling fluid collection command, it controls the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe (32) to extend, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe (32) are connected to the collection pipe (31) and the collection port respectively, and controls the ejection device to eject; When the controller (342) detects that the drilling fluid flow rate in the collection pipe (31) is less than the threshold, it controls the centrifugal separation and breakage pipe (32) to contract, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation and breakage pipe (32) are separated from the collection pipe (31) and the collection port respectively, and controls the centrifugal separation and breakage pipe (32) to rotate for a preset time.

2. The drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The filter screen (3253) is movably installed inside the centrifugal separation and breaking tube (32); when the controller (342) detects that the drilling fluid flow rate in the collection tube (31) is less than the threshold, it controls the centrifugal separation and breaking tube (32) to contract, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation and breaking tube (32) are separated from the collection tube (31) and the collection port respectively, and controls the filter screen (3253) and the breaking blade (3256) to extend out of the centrifugal separation and breaking tube (32), and controls the centrifugal separation and breaking tube (32) to rotate for a preset time.

3. The drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A third telescopic frame (3252) is provided inside the centrifugal separation and crushing tube (32). The third telescopic frame (3252) is connected to the inner wall of the crushing tube (3251) and the filter screen (3253) respectively. The third telescopic frame (3252) is used to drive the filter screen (3253) to move along the centrifugal separation and crushing tube (32).

4. The drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The centrifugal separation and crushing tube (32) includes a connecting tube (324), a centrifugal unblocking and collection tube (321), and a crushing and filtering tube (325) that are sequentially and movably connected; the connecting tube (324) is used to connect to the collection tube (31), and the crushing and filtering tube (325) is used to connect to the collection port; the filter screen (3253) is set inside the crushing and filtering tube (325); The centrifugal drain and collection tube (321) is provided with a first telescopic frame (3212) and a second telescopic frame (3213); the first telescopic frame (3212) is connected to the centrifugal drain and collection tube (321) and the connecting tube (324) respectively, and is used to drive the connecting tube (324) to slide relative to the centrifugal drain and collection tube (321); the second telescopic frame (3213) is connected to the connecting tube (324) and the crushing filter tube (325) respectively, and is used to drive the connecting tube (324) and the crushing filter tube (325) to slide relative to each other; the connecting tube (324) and the crushing filter tube (325) realize the extension and retraction of the centrifugal separation crushing tube (32) by sliding relative to the centrifugal drain and collection tube (321).

5. The drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ejection device includes a locking unit (13) and an elastic element (124). The locking unit (13) is located between the collection port and the central hole wall of the drill pipe (1). One end of the elastic element (124) is connected to the central hole wall of the drill pipe (1), and the other end of the elastic element (124) abuts against the collection port. When the controller (342) receives the drilling fluid collection command, it controls the locking unit (13) to open, so that the collection port is separated from the drill pipe (1), and the elastic element (124) pushes the collection port to eject from the central hole of the drill pipe (1).

6. The drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The locking unit (13) includes a card interface (341) disposed at the collection port and a card groove disposed at the center hole wall of the drill pipe (1). A card block (133) that can extend and retract from the card groove is disposed in the card groove. When the end of the card block (133) near the collection port extends out of the card groove, it can be embedded in the card interface (341). When the controller (342) receives the drilling fluid collection command, it controls the card block (133) to retract and the locking unit (13) to open.

7. The drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The collection port includes an end pipe (33) connected to the support frame (323) and a fixing unit (34) located at the bottom of the end pipe (33); the side of the end pipe (33) is provided with several water inlets (331), and the card interface (341) is located on the side of the fixing unit (34).

8. The drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The end tube (33) and the fixing unit (34) are stepped, and the other end of the elastic element (124) abuts against the stepped surface.

9. The drilling fluid collection and crushing device based on centrifugal plugging as described in claim 5 or 7, characterized in that, The elastic element (124) is a spring, and a retractable guide post (123) is coaxially arranged inside the spring and connected to the central hole wall of the drill rod (1).

10. A method of using the drilling fluid collection and fracturing device based on centrifugal plugging as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: Before drilling operations begin, the drilling fluid collection module (3) is pre-inserted into the drill pipe (1), and the drilling fluid collection module (3) is lowered to the bottom of the well along with the drill pipe (1); When the controller (342) receives the drilling fluid collection command, it controls the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe (32) to extend, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation and breaking pipe (32) are connected to the collection pipe (31) and the collection port respectively, and controls the ejection device to eject, so that the collection port is separated from the drill pipe (1) and the drill pipe (1) is pulled out. Connect the external suction device to the collection pipe (31), start the suction device, and the controller controls the rotation of the crusher (3256); When the controller (342) detects that the drilling fluid flow rate in the collection pipe (31) is less than the threshold, it controls the centrifugal separation and breakage pipe (32) to contract, so that both ends of the centrifugal separation and breakage pipe (32) are separated from the collection pipe (31) and the collection port respectively, and controls the centrifugal separation and breakage pipe (32) to rotate for a preset time.

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