Water supply switching method, device, equipment and readable storage medium
By monitoring the turbine guide vanes and load change rate in real time, predicting the downward trend of water supply pressure, and dynamically adjusting the opening and closing of valves, the problem of response lag and poor adaptability of water supply switching of turbine main shaft seal was solved, achieving zero water supply interruption and adaptive optimization of the system.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SANXIA JINSHAJIANG YUNCHUAN HYDROPOWER DEV CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
The existing turbine main shaft seal water supply switching technology has problems with slow response and poor adaptability, which can lead to water supply interruption in emergency situations and affect the safe operation of the unit.
By monitoring the turbine's guide vane opening and load change rate in real time, the trend of water supply pressure decline can be predicted, and the valves of the backup water supply pipeline can be opened in advance. Combined with the optimization model, the valve opening and closing time and rate can be dynamically adjusted to achieve seamless water supply switching and reduce pressure fluctuations.
It achieves zero interruption of water supply under emergency conditions, avoids flow shock and water hammer effect, extends the service life of spindle seals and pipeline valves, and improves the system's adaptability and reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN122148481A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of equipment safety technology, and in particular to a water supply switching method, apparatus, equipment, and readable storage medium. Background Technology
[0002] The turbine main shaft seal is a critical sealing device installed where the turbine main shaft passes through fixed components (such as the top cover). Its main function is to prevent pressurized water from leaking upwards along the rotating main shaft into the unit's interior (such as the turbine chamber or turbine floor), and also to prevent external impurities from entering. During operation, the main shaft seal generates frictional heat, requiring continuous cooling and lubrication. A stable water supply to the turbine main shaft seal is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of the unit.
[0003] Currently, for the stable water supply of turbine main shaft seals, the industry has developed a variety of automatic water supply switching technologies. The mainstream solution adopts the architecture of "controller + pressure / flow sensor + electric valve". By preset pressure or flow thresholds, it can automatically switch to the backup water source (such as fire water, domestic water and technical water supply) when the main water source fails.
[0004] However, the current turbine main shaft seal water supply is a passive switching mechanism, which has problems such as slow response and poor adaptability. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This application provides a water supply switching method, apparatus, equipment, and readable storage medium, aiming to solve the technical problems of passive switching of the current turbine main shaft seal water supply, which has the characteristics of slow response and poor adaptability.
[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a water supply switching method applied to the water supply of a turbine main shaft seal. The turbine main shaft seal is connected to a main water supply pipeline and a backup water supply pipeline via a valve assembly. The water supply switching method includes: If the rate at which the guide vane opening of the turbine decreases is greater than the first rate, and the rate at which the turbine load decreases is greater than the second rate, then the valve of the backup water supply pipeline is opened to the first degree, so that the turbine main shaft seal can switch from the main water supply to the backup water supply. If a switch to standby water supply command is detected, the valves of the standby water supply pipeline are opened to a second degree, and the valves of the main water supply pipeline are closed, so that the turbine main shaft seal switches from main water supply to standby water supply. The second degree of opening is greater than the first degree of opening. The opening time and rate of the valves of the standby water supply pipeline, and the closing time and rate of the valves of the main water supply pipeline are predicted based on an optimization model. The optimization model aims to minimize the pressure fluctuation during the water supply switching process and is obtained by learning historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal.
[0007] Optionally, the water supply switching method further includes: Historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal is obtained. The historical data includes the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switch. Using the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline and the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline as input variables, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline as the result variable, an optimization model is established using a multiple linear regression equation based on the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switchover.
[0008] Optionally, the step of controlling the valve of the backup water supply pipeline to open to a second degree and controlling the valve of the main water supply pipeline to close if a switching command for the backup water supply is detected includes: If a switch to backup water supply command is detected, and the turbidity of the backup water supply is greater than the first threshold, and the pressure of the turbine's main water supply pipeline is lower than the forced switch threshold, then the valve of the backup water supply pipeline is controlled to open to the second degree, the valve of the main water supply pipeline is controlled to close, and the backup water supply is drained after the switch is completed. If a command to switch to standby water supply is detected, and the turbidity of the standby water supply is greater than the first threshold, and the pressure of the turbine's main water supply pipeline is not lower than the forced switching threshold, then the standby water supply will undergo water quality cleaning treatment. After the pressure of the turbine's main water supply pipeline is lower than the forced switching threshold, the valve of the standby water supply pipeline will be opened to a second degree, and the valve of the main water supply pipeline will be closed.
[0009] Optionally, the water supply switching method further includes: If the turbidity of the backup water supply is greater than the second threshold, the water filter of the backup water supply is controlled to perform backwashing, where the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
[0010] Optionally, after the turbine main shaft seal switches from the main water supply to the backup water supply, the following steps are included: If the backup water supply is found to be empty or the turbidity of the backup water supply is greater than the third threshold, the turbine main shaft seal is controlled to switch from the backup water supply to the main water supply, wherein the third threshold is greater than the first threshold.
[0011] Optionally, the water supply switching method further includes: Calculate the ratio of valve opening or closing time in the main water supply pipeline and the backup water supply pipeline to the preset health time during each water supply switchover. If the valve is opened or closed at a rate greater than the health threshold, a valve jamming warning will be output.
[0012] Secondly, this application provides a water supply switching device for use with the turbine main shaft seal water supply. The turbine main shaft seal is connected to the main water supply pipeline and the backup water supply pipeline via a valve assembly. The water supply switching device includes: The first control module is used to control the valve of the backup water supply pipeline to open to the first degree if it is detected that the rate of decrease of the guide vane opening of the water turbine is greater than the first rate and the rate of decrease of the load of the water turbine is greater than the second rate, so as to switch the water turbine main shaft seal from the main water supply to the backup water supply. The second control module is used to control the valve of the backup water supply pipeline to open to a second degree and control the valve of the main water supply pipeline to close, so that the turbine main shaft seal switches from main water supply to backup water supply, if a switch to backup water supply command is detected. The second degree of opening is greater than the first degree of opening. The opening time and rate of the valve of the backup water supply pipeline and the closing time and rate of the valve of the main water supply pipeline are predicted based on an optimization model. The optimization model aims to minimize the pressure fluctuation during the water supply switching process and is obtained by learning historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal.
[0013] Optionally, the water supply switching device further includes a setup module for: Historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal is obtained. The historical data includes the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switch. Using the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline and the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline as input variables, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline as the result variable, an optimization model is established using a multiple linear regression equation based on the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switchover.
[0014] Thirdly, this application provides a water supply switching device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a water supply switching program stored in the memory and executable by the processor. When the water supply switching program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the water supply switching method described above.
[0015] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a readable storage medium storing a water supply switching program, wherein when the water supply switching program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the water supply switching method as described above.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: In this embodiment, if the rate at which the guide vane opening of the turbine decreases is greater than a first rate, and the rate at which the turbine load decreases is greater than a second rate, the valve of the backup water supply pipeline is opened to a first opening degree to prepare for the turbine main shaft seal to switch from main water supply to backup water supply. If a switch to backup water supply command is detected, the valve of the backup water supply pipeline is opened to a second opening degree, and the valve of the main water supply pipeline is closed to prepare for the turbine main shaft seal to switch from main water supply to backup water supply. The second opening degree is greater than the first opening degree. The opening time and rate of the valve of the backup water supply pipeline, and the closing time and rate of the valve of the main water supply pipeline are predicted based on an optimization model. The optimization model aims to minimize the pressure fluctuation during the water supply switching process and is obtained by learning historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal. Through the embodiments of this application, compared with the traditional method of using a fixed threshold and switching the water supply when the pressure in the water supply pipeline drops to a certain threshold, there is a response lag between "guide vane action" and "water pressure drop". By monitoring the operating condition change trend of the turbine, if the rate of decrease in the turbine's guide vane opening is greater than a first rate and the rate of decrease in the turbine's load is greater than a second rate, it is predicted that the turbine is about to enter an emergency shutdown condition. In advance, the valve of the backup water supply pipeline is opened to a first degree (the first degree is less than the second degree when fully switched, for example, 10-20% of the second degree) for pre-filling water for the turbine's main shaft seal. This allows the backup water supply pipeline and the main water supply pipeline to establish pressure balance in advance. In this way, when the pressure in the main water supply pipeline actually drops, the backup water supply can flow in seamlessly, avoiding the "water hammer effect" or flow shock, and avoiding the risk of water loss from the turbine's main shaft seal, thus achieving zero-interruption water supply. Unlike traditional valves where the switching time and speed are fixed, these fixed settings are no longer optimal due to factors such as sensor drift, valve wear, and changes in pipeline characteristics as equipment operates over time. This can lead to excessive pressure fluctuations in the water supply pipeline, causing main shaft seal failure. By adaptively learning historical data from the turbine main shaft seal water supply switching process, the optimized model can predict the next valve switching time and speed, reducing pressure fluctuations during water supply switching and better protecting the safety of the main shaft seal. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the water supply switching method of this application; Figure 2 For this application Figure 1 A detailed flowchart of step S20; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of one embodiment of the water supply switching method of this application; Figure 4 This is a functional module diagram of an embodiment of the water supply switching device of this application; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the water supply switching device involved in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0020] Firstly, embodiments of this application provide a water supply switching method.
[0021] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the water supply switching method of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, this is applied to the water supply for the main shaft seal of a water turbine. The main shaft seal is connected to the main water supply pipeline and the backup water supply pipeline via a valve assembly. The water supply switching method includes: Step S10: If the rate at which the guide vane opening of the turbine decreases is greater than the first rate and the rate at which the turbine load decreases is greater than the second rate, then the valve of the standby water supply pipeline is opened to the first degree to prepare for the turbine main shaft seal to switch from the main water supply to the standby water supply.
[0022] In this embodiment, the turbine main shaft seal is connected to the main water supply pipeline and the backup water supply pipeline via a valve assembly (such as a tee fitting). The valve controls the switching between the main and backup water supply pipelines to provide a stable water supply to the turbine main shaft seal. The guide vane opening reduction rate and load reduction rate are forward-looking indicators characterizing drastic changes in turbine operating conditions. When the turbine experiences load shedding or an emergency shutdown, the guide vanes close rapidly, causing the unit speed to rise and then fall. Simultaneously, the output pressure of the technical water supply pump fluctuates or decreases due to changes in pipeline characteristics. Traditional switching technologies typically wait for the pressure sensor to detect that the pressure is below a threshold before taking action, resulting in a delay of seconds. This step monitors the guide vane opening change rate (dα / dt) and the unit active power change rate (dP / dt) of the governor system in real time. For example, a first rate is set to 15% / s, and a second rate to 20% of rated power / s. Once both conditions are met simultaneously, the system determines that the unit is about to enter an operating condition that leads to a drop in water supply pressure. At this point, instead of waiting for the pressure to drop, the controller outputs a command in advance to open the intelligent electric valve of the backup water supply line to its first degree of opening (e.g., 15%-20% of full opening). The logic behind this operation lies in "pre-filling water balance," which means that before the main water supply pressure drops significantly, the backup water source enters the main water supply line in advance, allowing the two water sources to establish pressure balance after the valve. Its beneficial effect is that it eliminates the flow shock and water hammer effect caused by pressure difference in traditional switching methods, realizing a shift from "fault response" to "fault prediction," ensuring "zero interruption" of water supply to the spindle seal during periods of drastic changes in operating conditions, and completely eliminating the risk of seal wear caused by temporary water loss.
[0023] Step S20: If a switch to standby water supply command is detected, the valve of the standby water supply pipeline is opened to a second degree, and the valve of the main water supply pipeline is closed, so that the turbine main shaft seal switches from main water supply to standby water supply. The second degree is greater than the first degree. The opening time and rate of the valve of the standby water supply pipeline, and the closing time and rate of the valve of the main water supply pipeline are predicted based on an optimization model. The optimization model aims to minimize the pressure fluctuation during the water supply switching process and is obtained by learning historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal.
[0024] In this embodiment, the command to switch to the backup water supply can be a confirmation command triggered by the aforementioned prediction, or a fault command indicating that the main water supply pressure is indeed below a safety threshold (e.g., 0.4 MPa). Once the command is confirmed, the system executes a complete switchover. Unlike existing technologies that fix valve opening and closing speeds, the valve action parameters (time, rate) in this step are dynamically generated. The controller calls a built-in optimization model to calculate the optimal valve opening and closing curve based on the current operating conditions (e.g., current water pressure, water temperature, and historical valve response characteristics). For example, if historical data shows that the current water temperature is low, causing the valve action to be slightly slower, the model will automatically issue an action command in advance. The underlying logic utilizes feedback control theory, using pressure fluctuations during the switching process as a loss function, and minimizing this function by adjusting the control variable (valve action). The beneficial effect is that it achieves adaptive optimization of the control logic. As the unit's operating time increases, the system can overcome the effects of sensor drift and valve wear, reduce pressure fluctuations during each switchover, and effectively extend the service life of the main shaft seal and pipeline valves.
[0025] In this embodiment, traditional switching technology typically waits for the pressure sensor to detect that the pressure is below a threshold before taking action, resulting in a delay of several seconds. By monitoring the rate of change of the guide vane opening (dα / dt) and the rate of change of the unit's active power (dP / dt) in real time, the system determines that the unit is about to enter a condition that leads to a drop in water supply pressure once both conditions are met simultaneously. At this time, the controller does not wait for the pressure to drop, but instead outputs a command in advance to open the intelligent electric valve of the backup water supply pipeline to the first opening degree (e.g., 15%-20% of full opening). Before the main water supply pressure drops significantly, the backup water source enters the main water supply pipe in advance, allowing the two water sources to establish pressure balance after the valve. This eliminates the flow shock and water hammer effect caused by pressure difference in traditional switching methods, realizing a shift from "fault response" to "fault prediction," ensuring "zero interruption" of water supply to the main shaft seal during periods of drastic changes in operating conditions, and completely eliminating the risk of seal wear caused by temporary water loss. The command to switch to the backup water supply can be a confirmation command triggered by the aforementioned prediction, or a fault command indicating that the main water supply pressure is indeed below the safety threshold. Once the command is confirmed, the system executes a complete switchover. Unlike existing technologies that fix valve opening and closing speeds, valve action parameters (time, rate) are dynamically generated. The controller calls a built-in optimization model to calculate the optimal valve opening and closing curve based on current operating conditions (such as current water pressure, water temperature, and historical valve response characteristics). Utilizing feedback control theory, the pressure fluctuation during the switching process is used as a loss function. This function is minimized by adjusting the control variable (valve action), achieving adaptive optimization of the control logic. As the unit's operating time increases, the system can overcome the effects of sensor drift and valve wear, reducing pressure fluctuations during each switchover and effectively extending the service life of the main shaft seal and pipeline valves.
[0026] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the water supply switching method further includes: Historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal is obtained. The historical data includes the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switch. Using the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline and the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline as input variables, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline as the result variable, an optimization model is established using a multiple linear regression equation based on the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switchover.
[0027] In this embodiment, the optimization model is built using the self-learning engine of the edge intelligent controller. The controller records the entire process data for each water supply switching event, including the steady-state pressure before switching, the pressure fluctuation curve during switching, and the actual time taken for the valve to complete its action from receiving the command. This data is labeled as samples and input into a multiple linear regression algorithm for training. Through continuous learning, the model can master the nonlinear relationship between valve action and pressure fluctuation. Its beneficial effect is that it gives the system "memory" and "evolution" capabilities, enabling the water supply control system to maintain the optimal control strategy throughout its entire life cycle without frequent manual intervention to adjust parameters, thus reducing operation and maintenance costs and improving the system's intelligence level. A specific implementation of the optimization model is as follows: the controller internally stores a sliding time window (such as the records of the last 50 switching events). After each switching event, the system automatically extracts the key feature vector X=[t_open, v_open, t_close, v_close] (representing the opening time and rate of the standby water supply valve, and the closing time and rate of the main water supply valve, respectively) and the result variable Y=[ΔP_max] (peak pressure fluctuation). The least squares method is used to solve for the regression coefficients and update the model parameters W to minimize the prediction error. If the pressure fluctuation during a certain switch is abnormally large, that sample will be given higher weight for reinforcement learning. Its logical principle is to approximate the optimal control boundary of the system through a data-driven approach. The beneficial effect is that it solves the problem of rigid traditional PLC control logic, enabling the system to adapt to characteristic changes caused by equipment aging and ensuring long-term operational reliability.
[0028] Furthermore, in one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 2 , Figure 2 For this application Figure 1 A detailed flowchart of step S20 is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, step S20 includes: Step S201: If a switch to standby water supply command is detected, and the turbidity of the standby water supply is greater than the first threshold, and the pressure of the turbine main water supply pipeline is lower than the forced switch threshold, then the valve of the standby water supply pipeline is controlled to open to the second degree, the valve of the main water supply pipeline is controlled to close, and the standby water supply is drained after the switch is completed. Step S202: If a switch to standby water supply command is detected, and the turbidity of the standby water supply is greater than the first threshold, and the pressure of the turbine main water supply pipeline is not lower than the forced switch threshold, then the standby water supply is cleaned. After the pressure of the turbine main water supply pipeline is lower than the forced switch threshold, the valve of the standby water supply pipeline is opened to the second degree, and the valve of the main water supply pipeline is closed.
[0029] In this embodiment, steps S201 and S202 embody a water quality-water source coordinated control strategy. The first threshold is set, for example, to 50 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit, an internationally recognized unit for measuring water turbidity), and the forced switching threshold is set, for example, to 0.35 MPa (megapascals). Step S201 corresponds to a "safety first" scenario: when the main water supply pressure has jeopardized the seal safety (below the forced switching threshold), even if the backup water source has poor quality (turbidity higher than the first threshold), it must be switched immediately to prevent seal burnout. After switching, a sewage discharge procedure is immediately initiated to drain the turbid water. Step S202 corresponds to a "quality first" scenario: when the main water supply pressure is acceptable, if the backup water source has poor quality, the system first initiates backwashing of the water filter or bypass sewage discharge, and switches only after the water quality improves or the pressure truly decreases. The underlying logic is to establish a priority-based decision tree to balance the contradiction between "water supply continuity" and "water supply cleanliness." The beneficial effect is that it solves the problem of the separation between water source switching and water quality management in the existing technology, which not only avoids the wear and tear of the seal due to poor water quality, but also ensures the safety of water supply under extreme working conditions and improves the overall reliability of the system.
[0030] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the water supply switching method further includes: If the turbidity of the backup water supply is greater than the second threshold, the water filter of the backup water supply is controlled to perform backwashing, where the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
[0031] In this embodiment, during normal filtration, water flows from the outside to the inside (or from top to bottom) of the filter element. Impurities are intercepted on the filter screen surface. Over time, the accumulation of impurities can clog the filter screen, leading to blocked water flow or increased pressure loss. "Backwashing" changes the water flow direction, allowing water to flow out at high speed from the inside of the filter element to the outside (or from bottom to top). The impact force of the reverse water flow washes away the mud and impurities adhering to the filter screen surface, which are then discharged through the drain valve. The second threshold is set, for example, to 20 NTU, serving as a trigger point for preventative maintenance. Whenever the turbidity exceeds the second threshold, the system determines that the water quality is deteriorating and initiates backwashing in advance. Its logical principle is "preventative maintenance," intervening before the water filter becomes clogged or the water quality deteriorates significantly. By controlling the backup water supply filter to perform backwashing, the frequency of filter clogging is reduced, ensuring that the backup water source is always available and avoiding the risk of water supply failure during emergency switching due to filter clogging.
[0032] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after the turbine main shaft seal switches from the main water supply to the backup water supply, the process includes: If the backup water supply is found to be empty or the turbidity of the backup water supply is greater than the third threshold, the turbine main shaft seal is controlled to switch from the backup water supply to the main water supply, wherein the third threshold is greater than the first threshold.
[0033] In this embodiment, the third threshold is set to, for example, 100 NTU, as the limit for water quality deterioration. After switching to the backup water supply, the system continuously monitors the status of the backup water source. If the backup water source is found to be without water (flow sensor reading zero) or the water quality is extremely poor (exceeding the third threshold), it indicates that the backup water source is unavailable. The system will automatically attempt to switch back to the main water supply (if the main water supply has been restored) or issue the highest level alarm and initiate an emergency shutdown procedure. The underlying logic is to construct a closed-loop safety verification mechanism to prevent switching to an unavailable backup water source. The beneficial effect is that it improves the system resilience under extreme operating conditions, constructs a highly resilient water supply guarantee system, and avoids the expansion of unit accidents caused by single equipment failures or water source pollution.
[0034] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the water supply switching method further includes: Calculate the ratio of valve opening or closing time in the main water supply pipeline and the backup water supply pipeline to the preset health time during each water supply switchover. If the valve is opened or closed at a rate greater than the health threshold, a valve jamming warning will be output.
[0035] In this embodiment, the preset health duration is the standard operating time of the valve after manufacturing or immediate maintenance (e.g., 10 seconds for full opening). The health threshold is set to, for example, 1.5 times the standard time. The system records the actual time taken for each valve action. If the time taken for an action exceeds 1.5 times the standard time, it is determined that the valve may be stuck, insufficiently lubricated, or the actuator may be faulty. Through trend analysis based on equipment response characteristics, a shift from "fault alarm" to "fault early warning" is achieved. Maintenance personnel can receive an early warning before the valve actually jams, providing sufficient time for spare parts procurement and planned troubleshooting, effectively ensuring the reliability of the water supply switching actuator.
[0036] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of one embodiment of the water supply switching method of this application, as shown below. Figure 3As shown, the system corresponding to the water supply switching method includes a water source and water treatment module, a multi-dimensional sensing module, an edge intelligent controller, and a collaborative execution and interaction module. The water source and water treatment module provides dual redundant water sources and has online water quality treatment capabilities. Its components and connections include external clean water pipelines, unit technical water supply pipelines, switching tees, and main water supply pipes. The technical water supply pipelines integrate online turbidity meters, water filters with automatic sewage discharge, and bypass pipelines. All pipelines are connected to the main shaft sealing device. The multi-dimensional sensing module not only collects real-time status but also collects key data that reflects changing trends. Its components and connections include: unit operating condition trend sensing: in addition to speed and circuit breaker status, it focuses on collecting the guide vane opening change rate (dα / dt), unit load change rate (dP / dt), technical water supply pump operating current, and outlet pressure fluctuation trends. These data are used to predict severe operating conditions such as upcoming unit start-up, shutdown, or load shedding. Fine-grained water source status sensing: Pressure and flow sensors from dual water sources, along with an online turbidity meter on the technical water supply pipeline, output 4-20mA analog signals in real time; Equipment health sensing: Collecting the full-open / full-close action time of electric valves (V1, V2) and the rate of change of inlet and outlet pressure difference of the water filter as key indicators for assessing equipment health; Main pipe status closed-loop sensing: Main pipe pressure sensor for real-time feedback on switching effects. The edge intelligent controller is the brain of the system, possessing three core functions: trend prediction, collaborative control, and self-learning. Its composition and connection include: using a high-performance industrial controller (such as the Siemens S7-1500 series or a controller with an AI acceleration module), with built-in: Trend prediction unit: receiving unit operating condition trend sensing data and predicting changes in unit status in advance through built-in prediction algorithms. For example, when it detects that the guide vane opening is decreasing at an extremely rapid rate and the load is decreasing synchronously, it predicts that the unit will enter an emergency shutdown condition, thus initiating switching preparation in advance. Water quality adaptive collaborative unit: receiving turbidity meter signals in real time. When the turbidity value exceeds the preset "trigger cleaning threshold", the backwashing program of the water filter is automatically started; when the turbidity value exceeds the "switching water quality deterioration threshold", a decision is made based on the water source pressure whether to postpone the switch to technical water supply or to immediately carry out high-intensity sewage discharge after the switch. Self-learning optimization engine: This engine records key parameters of each switching process (such as pressure before switching, switching time, peak pressure fluctuation, valve action time), and dynamically corrects the switching timing advance, the "open before close" speed curves of V1 and V2, and the overlap time of the next cycle through built-in machine learning algorithms (such as regression analysis) to minimize pressure fluctuations. At the same time, by analyzing the changing trend of valve historical action time, the valve health is assessed, jamming faults are predicted, and early warnings are issued.The collaborative execution and interaction module is used to: accurately execute controller commands and interact with operation and maintenance personnel in an intuitive and intelligent manner. Its components and connections include: intelligent electric valves (V1, V2, supporting opening adjustment and speed control), water filter drain valve, human-machine interface and alarm device. The human-machine interface not only displays real-time data, but also displays trend prediction curves, equipment health assessment reports and self-learning optimization suggestions.
[0037] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a water supply switching device.
[0038] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a functional module diagram of an embodiment of the water supply switching device of this application, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, this device is used for water supply to the main shaft seal of a water turbine. The main shaft seal is connected to the main water supply pipeline and the backup water supply pipeline via a valve assembly. The water supply switching device includes: The first control module 10 is used to control the valve of the backup water supply pipeline to open to the first degree if it is detected that the rate of decrease of the guide vane opening of the water turbine is greater than the first rate and the rate of decrease of the load of the water turbine is greater than the second rate, so as to switch the water turbine main shaft seal from the main water supply to the backup water supply. The second control module 20 is used to control the valve of the backup water supply pipeline to open to a second degree and control the valve of the main water supply pipeline to close, so that the turbine main shaft seal switches from main water supply to backup water supply, if a switch to backup water supply command is detected. The second degree of opening is greater than the first degree of opening. The opening time and rate of the valve of the backup water supply pipeline and the closing time and rate of the valve of the main water supply pipeline are predicted based on an optimization model. The optimization model aims to minimize the pressure fluctuation during the water supply switching process and is obtained by learning historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal.
[0039] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the water supply switching device further includes an establishment module, used for: Historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal is obtained. The historical data includes the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switch. Using the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline and the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline as input variables, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline as the result variable, an optimization model is established using a multiple linear regression equation based on the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switchover.
[0040] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the second control module 20 is used for: If a switch to backup water supply command is detected, and the turbidity of the backup water supply is greater than the first threshold, and the pressure of the turbine's main water supply pipeline is lower than the forced switch threshold, then the valve of the backup water supply pipeline is controlled to open to the second degree, the valve of the main water supply pipeline is controlled to close, and the backup water supply is drained after the switch is completed. If a command to switch to standby water supply is detected, and the turbidity of the standby water supply is greater than the first threshold, and the pressure of the turbine's main water supply pipeline is not lower than the forced switching threshold, then the standby water supply will undergo water quality cleaning treatment. After the pressure of the turbine's main water supply pipeline is lower than the forced switching threshold, the valve of the standby water supply pipeline will be opened to a second degree, and the valve of the main water supply pipeline will be closed.
[0041] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the water supply switching device further includes a backwashing module, used for: If the turbidity of the backup water supply is greater than the second threshold, the water filter of the backup water supply is controlled to perform backwashing, where the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
[0042] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the water supply switching device further includes a main water supply control module, used for: If the backup water supply is found to be empty or the turbidity of the backup water supply is greater than the third threshold, the turbine main shaft seal is controlled to switch from the backup water supply to the main water supply, wherein the third threshold is greater than the first threshold.
[0043] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the water supply switching device further includes an early warning module, used for: Calculate the ratio of valve opening or closing time in the main water supply pipeline and the backup water supply pipeline to the preset health time during each water supply switchover. If the valve is opened or closed at a rate greater than the health threshold, a valve jamming warning will be output.
[0044] The functions of each module in the above-mentioned water supply switching device correspond to the steps in the above-mentioned water supply switching method embodiment, and their functions and implementation processes will not be described in detail here.
[0045] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a water supply switching device.
[0046] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the water supply switching device involved in the embodiments of this application. In the embodiments of this application, the water supply switching device may include a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus.
[0047] The communication bus can be of any type and is used to interconnect the processor, memory, and communication interface.
[0048] The communication interface includes input / output (I / O) interfaces, physical interfaces, and logical interfaces used for interconnecting components within the water supply switching equipment, as well as interfaces used for interconnecting the water supply switching equipment with other devices (such as other computing devices or user equipment). Physical interfaces can be Ethernet interfaces, fiber optic interfaces, ATM interfaces, etc.; user equipment can be displays, keyboards, etc.
[0049] Memory can be various types of storage media, such as random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), flash memory, optical storage, hard disk, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), etc.
[0050] The processor can be a general-purpose processor, which can call the water supply switching program stored in the memory and execute the water supply switching method provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, the general-purpose processor can be a central processing unit (CPU). The method executed when the water supply switching program is called can be referred to in the various embodiments of the water supply switching method of this application, and will not be repeated here.
[0051] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The hardware structure shown does not constitute a limitation of this application and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.
[0052] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a readable storage medium.
[0053] The present application has a readable storage medium storing a water supply switching program, wherein when the water supply switching program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the water supply switching method described above.
[0054] The method implemented when the water supply switching procedure is executed can be referred to in various embodiments of the water supply switching method of this application, and will not be repeated here.
[0055] It should be noted that the sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.
[0056] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, etc., and do not indicate a sequence, nor do they limit "first," "second," and "third" to different types.
[0057] In the description of the embodiments of this application, terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.
[0058] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more.
[0059] In some processes described in the embodiments of this application, multiple operations or steps are included in a specific order. However, it should be understood that these operations or steps may not be executed in the order they appear in the embodiments of this application, or they may be executed in parallel. The sequence number of the operation is only used to distinguish different operations, and the sequence number itself does not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps may be executed sequentially or in parallel, and these operations or steps may be combined.
[0060] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.
[0061] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A water supply switching method, characterized in that, This method is applied to the water supply for the main shaft seal of a hydraulic turbine. The main shaft seal is connected to the main water supply pipeline and the backup water supply pipeline via a valve assembly. The water supply switching method includes: If the rate at which the guide vane opening of the turbine decreases is greater than the first rate, and the rate at which the turbine load decreases is greater than the second rate, then the valve of the backup water supply pipeline is opened to the first degree, so that the turbine main shaft seal can switch from the main water supply to the backup water supply. If a switch to standby water supply command is detected, the valves of the standby water supply pipeline are opened to a second degree, and the valves of the main water supply pipeline are closed, so that the turbine main shaft seal switches from main water supply to standby water supply. The second degree of opening is greater than the first degree of opening. The opening time and rate of the valves of the standby water supply pipeline, and the closing time and rate of the valves of the main water supply pipeline are predicted based on an optimization model. The optimization model aims to minimize the pressure fluctuation during the water supply switching process and is obtained by learning historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal.
2. The water supply switching method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply switching method also includes: Historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal is obtained. The historical data includes the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switch. Using the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline and the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline as input variables, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline as the result variable, an optimization model is established using a multiple linear regression equation based on the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switchover.
3. The water supply switching method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of controlling the valve of the backup water supply line to open to a second degree and controlling the valve of the main water supply line to close when a switching command for the backup water supply line is detected includes: If a switch to backup water supply command is detected, and the turbidity of the backup water supply is greater than the first threshold, and the pressure of the turbine's main water supply pipeline is lower than the forced switch threshold, then the valve of the backup water supply pipeline is controlled to open to the second degree, the valve of the main water supply pipeline is controlled to close, and the backup water supply is drained after the switch is completed. If a command to switch to standby water supply is detected, and the turbidity of the standby water supply is greater than the first threshold, and the pressure of the turbine's main water supply pipeline is not lower than the forced switching threshold, then the standby water supply will undergo water quality cleaning treatment. After the pressure of the turbine's main water supply pipeline is lower than the forced switching threshold, the valve of the standby water supply pipeline will be opened to a second degree, and the valve of the main water supply pipeline will be closed.
4. The water supply switching method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The water supply switching method also includes: If the turbidity of the backup water supply is greater than the second threshold, the water filter of the backup water supply is controlled to perform backwashing, where the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
5. The water supply switching method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the turbine main shaft seal switches from main water supply to standby water supply, the following applies: If the backup water supply is found to be empty or the turbidity of the backup water supply is greater than the third threshold, the turbine main shaft seal is controlled to switch from the backup water supply to the main water supply, wherein the third threshold is greater than the first threshold.
6. The water supply switching method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply switching method also includes: Calculate the ratio of valve opening or closing time in the main water supply pipeline and the backup water supply pipeline to the preset health time during each water supply switchover. If the valve is opened or closed at a rate greater than the health threshold, a valve jamming warning will be output.
7. A water supply switching device, characterized in that, An application for water supply to the main shaft seal of a hydraulic turbine, wherein the main shaft seal is connected to the main water supply pipeline and the backup water supply pipeline via a valve assembly, and the water supply switching device includes: The first control module is used to control the valve of the backup water supply pipeline to open to the first degree if it is detected that the rate of decrease of the guide vane opening of the water turbine is greater than the first rate and the rate of decrease of the load of the water turbine is greater than the second rate, so as to switch the water turbine main shaft seal from the main water supply to the backup water supply. The second control module is used to control the valve of the backup water supply pipeline to open to a second degree and control the valve of the main water supply pipeline to close, so that the turbine main shaft seal switches from main water supply to backup water supply, if a switch to backup water supply command is detected. The second degree of opening is greater than the first degree of opening. The opening time and rate of the valve of the backup water supply pipeline and the closing time and rate of the valve of the main water supply pipeline are predicted based on an optimization model. The optimization model aims to minimize the pressure fluctuation during the water supply switching process and is obtained by learning historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal.
8. The water supply switching device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The water supply switching device also includes a setup module for: Historical data during the water supply switching process of the turbine main shaft seal is obtained. The historical data includes the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switch. Using the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline and the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline as input variables, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline as the result variable, an optimization model is established using a multiple linear regression equation based on the valve opening time and rate of the backup water supply pipeline, the valve closing time and rate of the main water supply pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation of the water supply pipeline during each water supply switchover.
9. A water supply switching device, characterized in that, The water supply switching device includes a processor, a memory, and a water supply switching program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein when the water supply switching program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the water supply switching method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a water supply switching program, wherein when the water supply switching program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the water supply switching method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.