Composite vibration isolation device based on air spring and magnetorheological fluid damper and control method

Abstract

The application discloses a composite vibration isolation device based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper, which comprises a base, a load platform, a controller, an air spring composite component and a magnetorheological fluid damper arranged between the base and the load platform; the air spring composite component comprises an air spring and a mechanical spring; the air spring comprises an air bag and upper and lower sealing covers clamped on both sides of the air bag; the lower sealing cover is fixed on the base; the other end of the upper sealing cover is connected with the mechanical spring; the other end of the mechanical spring is fixed on the bottom of the load platform; the magnetorheological fluid damper is used for providing a damping value to assist the air spring composite component in vibration isolation; and the controller is used for controlling the damping value of the magnetorheological fluid damper and the air pressure value in the air bag. The application further provides a control method. The device provided by the application can efficiently, intelligently and widely isolate the vibration of a load device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental vibration and noise control, and particularly relates to a composite vibration isolation device and control method based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid advancement of technology, the world has entered the era of intelligent manufacturing, and emerging concepts such as Industry 4.0 and intelligent manufacturing are flourishing. The requirements for equipment operational stability across various fields have risen to unprecedented levels. In many key industries such as high-end manufacturing, aerospace, biomedicine, and electronic chip research and development, the vibration isolation requirements for precision equipment are becoming increasingly stringent.

[0003] Complex mechanical motions within equipment and various vibration sources from the external environment constantly threaten the precise operation of precision instruments. The high-speed rotation of the spindle in a large machining center, the high-frequency vibrations of an aircraft engine, the intense impacts of heavy machinery on construction sites, and the ground micro-vibrations caused by the constant flow of traffic around urban transportation hubs can all easily disrupt the normal operation of precision equipment. However, traditional vibration isolation methods have significant limitations. Traditional vibration isolators that only provide single stiffness or damping are insufficient to adapt to the complex and ever-changing operating conditions of machinery. Currently, adjustable damping vibration reduction systems are increasingly being used in vehicle suspensions, but the application of adjustable damping composite vibration isolators in mechanical equipment is yet to be seen.

[0004] Patent document CN121611722A discloses an adjustable damping bladder vibration isolation system based on electrorheological fluid, comprising: a vibration isolation bladder filled with electrorheological fluid, wherein the electrorheological fluid includes solid particles; a pneumatic pump; a conduit; at least some of the solid particles in the electrorheological fluid move to the conduit under the action of gravity; the pneumatic pump is configured to pump gas into the conduit based on a target gas flow rate to deliver a target number of solid particles in the conduit to the interior of the vibration isolation bladder, thereby changing the concentration of solid particles in the electrorheological fluid, wherein the electrorheological fluid is configured to isolate the elastic waves of the vibration source based on the concentration of solid particles using the electrorheological effect.

[0005] Patent document CN223019288U discloses a vibration isolation device, comprising: an airbag, a spring assembly, a constraint cover, an elastic assembly, and a connecting assembly; the elastic assembly is adapted to be connected to a precision instrument and deforms when the precision instrument shakes; the airbag has a first opening and an inner cavity; the spring assembly is disposed in the inner cavity of the airbag; the connecting assembly is connected to the first opening and is located between the elastic assembly and the spring assembly, and the connecting assembly has a damping hole adapted to introduce or release air into or out of the inner cavity when the airbag deforms; the constraint cover is sleeved on the outside of the airbag, and the inner wall of the constraint cover fits against the outer wall of the airbag. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite vibration isolation device and control method based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper. This device can solve the problems of traditional vibration isolation devices being unable to adapt to wide-frequency vibrations and the performance limitations of single adjustable elements (such as pure air springs or pure magnetorheological dampers), and achieve efficient, intelligent, and wide-frequency isolation of the vibration of the load equipment.

[0007] To achieve one objective of the present invention, the following technical solution is provided: a composite vibration isolation device based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper, comprising a base, a load platform and a controller, as well as an air spring composite assembly and a magnetorheological fluid damper disposed between the base and the load platform; The air spring composite assembly includes an air spring and a mechanical spring. The air spring includes an air bladder and an upper sealing cover and a lower sealing cover clamped on both sides of the air bladder. The lower sealing cover is fixed on the base, and the other end of the upper sealing cover is connected to the mechanical spring. The other end of the mechanical spring is fixed to the bottom of the load platform. The center point of the airbag falls on the axis of the mechanical spring; The magnetorheological fluid damper is used to provide a damping value to assist the air spring composite assembly in vibration isolation. The controller is used to control the damping value of the magnetorheological fluid damper and the air pressure value inside the airbag.

[0008] Specifically, there are multiple air spring composite components, and an array of multiple air spring composite components is arranged between the base and the load platform.

[0009] Specifically, the magnetorheological fluid damper is arranged on one side of the air spring composite assembly or coaxially with the air spring composite assembly.

[0010] Specifically, when the magnetorheological fluid damper is arranged on one side of the air spring composite assembly, the magnetorheological fluid damper includes a damping tube disposed on the base, a piston located inside the damping tube, and a piston rod connected to the piston at one end. The other end of the piston rod extends out of the damping tube and is fixed to the bottom of the load platform.

[0011] Specifically, when the magnetorheological fluid damper and the air spring composite assembly are arranged coaxially, the magnetorheological fluid damper includes a damping tube located in the inner ring of the mechanical spring and one end fixed to the upper sealing cover, and a piston rod arranged coaxially with the damping tube and passing through the damping tube. One end of the piston rod is connected to the bottom of the load platform, and the other end passes into the air bladder and is fixed to the lower sealing cover. The piston rod is located inside the damping tube and has a piston.

[0012] Specifically, the damping tube is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the piston is provided with an excitation coil arranged around the piston rod.

[0013] Specifically, when the magnetorheological fluid damper and the air spring composite assembly are arranged coaxially, a compensation air chamber is provided at the bottom of the damping tube.

[0014] To achieve the second objective of this invention, the following technical solution is provided: a control method, implemented using the aforementioned composite vibration isolation device based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper, comprising the following steps: Obtain vibration information of the current load platform and execute control strategies based on the vibration information; The control strategy includes a first control strategy for low-frequency or large-amplitude vibration during equipment start-up and shutdown, and a second control strategy for high-frequency or small-amplitude vibration during normal equipment operation. The first control strategy includes increasing the air pressure inside the airbag, reducing the air intake, and increasing the damping value of the magnetorheological fluid damper. The second control strategy includes reducing the air pressure inside the airbag, increasing the air intake, and reducing the damping value of the magnetorheological fluid damper.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Mechanical springs provide basic static stiffness, air springs enable stiffness and damping adjustment, and magnetorheological dampers provide fast and precise damping. The three complement each other and cover the full-frequency vibration isolation needs from low frequency to high frequency and from large amplitude to micro vibration. By using control algorithms, the working conditions can be automatically identified based on real-time vibration signals, and the optimal stiffness-damping combination parameters can be found, significantly improving the vibration isolation effect. The control system can be connected to the Internet of Things to enable remote monitoring of working status, performance evaluation and predictive maintenance, thereby improving the intelligent management level of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an isometric schematic diagram of the series-configured composite vibration isolation device provided in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the series-configured composite vibration isolation device provided in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is an isometric schematic diagram of the parallel configuration composite vibration isolation device provided in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the parallel configuration composite vibration isolation device provided in this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration isolation control system and control method provided in this embodiment; In the diagram, 1. Load platform; 2. Mechanical spring; 3. Air spring; 4. Intelligent processing center; 5. Control system assembly; 6. Limiting device; 7. Magnetorheological fluid damper; 8. Base; 9. Accelerometer; 10. Airbag; 11. Upper sealing cover; 12. Lower sealing cover; 13. Main air chamber; 14. Auxiliary air chamber; 15. Throttling orifice; 16. Magnetorheological fluid; 17. Damping tube; 18. Piston rod; 19. Piston; 20. Excitation coil; 21. Damping channel; 22. Magnetorheological fluid damper limiting device; 23. Compensation air chamber; 24. Diaphragm separator. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the magnetorheological fluid damper 7 and the air spring composite assembly are arranged coaxially. In this embodiment, it is called a series-configured composite vibration isolation device. The device includes a base 8 and a load platform 1, as well as an air spring composite assembly and a magnetorheological fluid damper 7 installed on the mounting base 8 to support the load platform 1. In addition, a limiting device 6 is provided to prevent large horizontal displacement of the device.

[0019] The air spring composite assembly includes an air spring 3 fixed on the base 8 and a mechanical spring 2 connecting the air spring to the bottom of the load platform 1.

[0020] The air spring includes an air bladder 9, an upper sealing cover 10, and a lower sealing cover 11. A main air chamber 12 is formed inside the air bladder.

[0021] An auxiliary air chamber 13 is machined inside the lower sealing cover 11. The auxiliary chamber 13 is connected to the main air chamber 12 through a throttle orifice 14 at its top. A solenoid valve is installed at the throttle orifice 14 to control its effective flow. An air spring is connected to an external control system assembly 5, which inflates or deflates the main air chamber 12 through an air passage to regulate the air pressure. The control system assembly 5 controls the opening of the throttle orifice 14 by adjusting the current of the solenoid valve coil.

[0022] The magnetorheological fluid damper 7 includes a damping tube 16 filled with magnetorheological fluid 15, a piston rod 17, and a piston assembly located inside a piston 18. The piston assembly contains an excitation coil 19 and is designed with a damping channel 20 for the magnetorheological fluid 15 to flow through.

[0023] A wire is embedded inside the piston rod to supply power to the excitation coil. The other end of the wire is also connected to an external control system assembly 5, which controls the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid by controlling the magnitude of the supplied current.

[0024] The limiting device 6 is in the form of two devices, which are symmetrically installed in the middle of the base 8.

[0025] The lower end of the cylinder body 16 of the magnetorheological fluid damper is fixedly connected to the upper sealing cover 10 of the air spring 3. The fixed connection is preferably made using a one-piece molding process to prevent leakage of liquid and air.

[0026] The lower end of the piston rod 17 of the magnetorheological fluid damper 7 is fixedly connected to the lower sealing cover 11 of the air spring, and the upper end of the piston rod 17 passes through the limiting device 21 of the magnetorheological fluid damper and leaves a certain distance between it and the load platform 1, so as to prevent the upper end of the piston rod 17 from contacting the bottom of the load platform 1 during the operation of the vibration isolator.

[0027] The mechanical spring 2 is sleeved on the outside of the damping tube 16, with its upper end abutting against the bottom of the load platform 1 and its lower end abutting against the sealing cover 10 of the air spring.

[0028] This embodiment also provides a configuration where the magnetorheological fluid damper is arranged on one side of the air spring composite assembly, which is referred to in this embodiment as a parallel configuration composite vibration isolation device, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the device includes a base 8 and a load platform 1, as well as an air spring composite assembly and a magnetorheological fluid damper 7 mounted on the mounting base 8 for supporting the load platform 1.

[0029] Compared to the series configuration, the magnetorheological damper 7 replaces the limiting device 6 in the series configuration and is installed in the same position as the limiting device 6.

[0030] The lower end of the damping tube 16 of the magnetorheological fluid damper is fixed to the base 8, and a compensation gas chamber 22 is reserved at the bottom of the cylinder to compensate for the volume change of the magnetorheological fluid 15. The compensation gas chamber 22 is separated from the magnetorheological fluid 15 by a diaphragm separator 23. The upper end of the piston rod 17 passes through the limiting device 21 of the magnetorheological fluid damper and is fixed to the lower end of the load platform 1.

[0031] This embodiment also provides a control method, such as Figure 5As shown, the composite vibration isolation device provided in the above embodiment is implemented by setting up a sensor group including an acceleration sensor 9 installed at the bottom of the load platform and on the base, and a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the main air chamber 12 of the air spring.

[0032] Its workflow is as follows: The intelligent processing center 4 collects signals from the accelerometer 9 in real time, and calculates the main frequency, amplitude, and vibration transmission rate from the load platform to the foundation through filtering and spectrum analysis.

[0033] The intelligent processing center 4 uses machine learning algorithms to generate online the corresponding optimal target air pressure P of the air spring, the target opening A of the throttle orifice, and the target current I through the excitation coil 19. The specific workflow is as follows: When low-frequency, large-amplitude vibrations are detected (such as equipment startup / shutdown), the strategy is to appropriately increase the air pressure P (to increase stiffness and load-bearing capacity), while adjusting the opening A of the throttle orifice 14 to a smaller value (to increase air spring damping), and setting the current I through the excitation coil 19 to a medium-high value (to provide strong damping).

[0034] When high-frequency, low-amplitude vibrations (such as noise during normal equipment operation) are detected, the strategy is to reduce the air pressure P (reduce stiffness and increase vibration isolation rate), increase the opening A of the throttle orifice 14 (reduce the damping of the air spring and avoid the transmission of high-frequency vibrations through the structure), and set the current I of the excitation coil 19 to a lower value that is precisely matched to the frequency.

[0035] Based on the decision results, the intelligent processing center 4 issues instructions to the control system assembly, specifically: Send a command to the inflation / deflation module to adjust to the target air pressure P.

[0036] A signal is sent to the solenoid valve regulating mechanism to drive the throttle orifice to rotate to the target opening A.

[0037] A signal is sent to the current driver of the excitation coil 19 to output the target current I.

[0038] After execution, the intelligent processing center 4 continuously monitors the vibration response. If the effect is not as expected (e.g., the transmissibility does not decrease), the control algorithm will fine-tune the control parameters to achieve closed-loop optimization.

[0039] The intelligent processing center 4 also integrates a network module, which can upload the device's operating status (vibration data, control parameters, alarm information) to the cloud server in real time and display it on the visual interface of the remote monitoring center. Maintenance personnel can remotely view vibration isolation effect reports.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front," and "rear" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative steps, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0041] Of course, the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A composite vibration isolation device based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper, characterized in that, It includes a base, a load platform, and a controller, as well as an air spring composite assembly and a magnetorheological fluid damper disposed between the base and the load platform; The air spring composite assembly includes an air spring and a mechanical spring. The air spring includes an air bladder and an upper sealing cover and a lower sealing cover clamped on both sides of the air bladder. The lower sealing cover is fixed on the base, and the other end of the upper sealing cover is connected to the mechanical spring. The other end of the mechanical spring is fixed to the bottom of the load platform. The center point of the airbag falls on the axis of the mechanical spring; The magnetorheological fluid damper is used to provide a damping value to assist the air spring composite assembly in vibration isolation. The controller is used to control the damping value of the magnetorheological fluid damper and the air pressure value inside the airbag.

2. The composite vibration isolation device based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple air spring composite components, and the array of multiple air spring composite components is arranged between the base and the load platform.

3. The composite vibration isolation device based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetorheological damper is arranged on one side of the air spring composite assembly or coaxially with the air spring composite assembly.

4. The composite vibration isolation device based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the magnetorheological fluid damper is arranged on one side of the air spring composite assembly, the magnetorheological fluid damper includes a damping tube disposed on the base, a piston located inside the damping tube, and a piston rod connected to the piston at one end. The other end of the piston rod extends out of the damping tube and is fixed to the bottom of the load platform.

5. The composite vibration isolation device based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the magnetorheological fluid damper and the air spring composite assembly are arranged coaxially, the magnetorheological fluid damper includes a damping tube located in the inner ring of the mechanical spring and one end fixed to the upper sealing cover, and a piston rod arranged coaxially with the damping tube and passing through the damping tube. One end of the piston rod is connected to the bottom of the load platform, and the other end passes into the air bladder and is fixed to the lower sealing cover. The piston rod is located inside the damping tube and has a piston.

6. The composite vibration isolation device based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The damping tube is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the piston is equipped with an excitation coil arranged around the piston rod.

7. The composite vibration isolation device based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the magnetorheological fluid damper and the air spring composite assembly are arranged coaxially, a compensation air chamber is provided at the bottom of the damping tube.

8. A control method, characterized in that, This is achieved through a composite vibration isolation device based on an air spring and a magnetorheological fluid damper as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: Obtain vibration information of the current load platform and execute control strategies based on the vibration information; The control strategy includes a first control strategy for low-frequency or large-amplitude vibration during equipment start-up and shutdown, and a second control strategy for high-frequency or small-amplitude vibration during normal equipment operation. The first control strategy includes increasing the air pressure inside the airbag, reducing the air intake, and increasing the damping value of the magnetorheological fluid damper. The second control strategy includes reducing the air pressure inside the airbag, increasing the air intake, and reducing the damping value of the magnetorheological fluid damper.

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