A pneumatic track ball valve with hydraulic buffering structure

Abstract

The application discloses a pneumatic track ball valve with a hydraulic buffering structure and relates to the field of ball valves. The pneumatic track ball valve with the hydraulic buffering structure is matched with a blocking groove cylinder and a liquid pressing disc. In the process of moving downward to close the ball valve, the liquid pressing disc forces the hydraulic oil to flow from the strip groove of the top cavity cover to the inside of the outer blocking cylinder. Meanwhile, in the process of moving downward, the blocking groove cylinder gradually closes the strip groove, reduces the width of the conduction path of the strip groove, reduces the export speed of the hydraulic oil, limits the downward speed of the piston disc, prevents the downward speed from being too fast, and prevents the piston mechanism from colliding with the sealing surface of the valve seat mechanism due to the too fast speed when the piston mechanism rotates and moves downward to contact the sealing surface of the valve seat mechanism, so that the sealing surface of the piston mechanism and the sealing surface of the valve seat mechanism are abraded in the process of the collision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention specifically relates to a pneumatic orbital ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure, and pertains to the field of ball valves. Background Technology

[0002] A pneumatic orbital ball valve is a ball valve that uses a pneumatic actuator as a drive device and adopts an orbital opening and closing principle. Its core feature is that it first disengages, then rotates, and then presses together to achieve frictionless opening and closing and forced sealing. It consists of a pneumatic actuator and an orbital ball valve body. The actuator pushes the valve stem to make a combination of lifting and rotating motion, which drives the ball to complete the opening and closing. It belongs to the category of high-performance forced sealing ball valves. A pneumatic ball valve with publication number CN110792799B includes a pneumatic mechanism, a valve seat, and a valve stem. A ball is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the valve stem via a connecting pin. The ball comprises a first hemisphere and a second hemisphere. A first sealing gasket is provided at the end of the first hemisphere, and a dovetail groove is formed on the side wall of the first sealing gasket. A second sealing gasket is provided at the end of the second hemisphere. In this invention, by setting up the first hemisphere, the second hemisphere, the first sealing gasket, and the second sealing gasket, the integrally formed ball is disassembled into a combined ball, creating a buffer space between the first and second hemispheres. The cooperation and compression of the first and second sealing gaskets ensure a seamless connection between the first and second hemispheres, and provides elastic deformation potential energy. This allows the ball to withstand water pressure impacts not only through its own strength but also by converting a portion of the impact force into elastic deformation of the first and second sealing gaskets, reducing ball wear and increasing its service life. In existing equipment, when a pneumatic ball valve is closed, it rotates first and then moves downward to reduce wear between the sealing surfaces. However, if the downward movement is too fast, the sealing surfaces will collide, causing wear. At the same time, when the valve core is rotated during the opening and closing process, if the rotation center is off, it will cause jamming or leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, a technical solution is proposed: a pneumatic track ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure, comprising: The valve body has a valve seat mechanism fixedly installed inside it, and a drive mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the valve body. A valve core mechanism is installed inside the valve seat mechanism, and the valve core mechanism and the drive mechanism are fixedly connected by a shaft. The driving mechanism includes a top cavity cover, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of the valve body. Grooves are evenly spaced on the bottom outer side of the top cavity cover. A piston disc is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the top cavity cover. Annular grooves are evenly spaced on the outer side of the piston disc, and sealing rings made of rubber are fixedly mounted at each of the annular grooves. A baffle cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the piston disc, its outer side fitting against the inner wall of the top cavity cover. An outer baffle cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the top cavity cover, located at one of the grooves. A pressure plate is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the baffle cylinder. Through the cooperation of the baffle cylinder and the pressure plate, the pressure plate compresses the piston disc as it moves downward to close the ball valve. Hydraulic oil flows from the groove of the top cavity cover to the inside of the outer baffle. Simultaneously, during its downward movement, the baffle gradually closes the groove, reducing the width of the guide path and decreasing the hydraulic oil's outflow speed. This limits the downward movement speed of the piston disc, preventing excessive speed from causing an impact when the valve core mechanism rotates and contacts the sealing surface of the valve seat mechanism. This impact would result in wear on the sealing surfaces of the valve core and valve seat mechanisms. An inner baffle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the top cavity cover. The outer side of the inner baffle fits against the inner wall of the hydraulic disc, and hydraulic oil fills the space between the inner baffle and the top cavity cover. The space between the outer baffle and the top cavity cover is connected by the groove.

[0004] Preferably, an air pump is fixedly installed on the top of the top cavity cover, the air pump is connected to the inside of the top cavity cover through a pipe, and a fixed shaft is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the piston disc.

[0005] Preferably, the valve seat mechanism includes a sealing seat, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the valve body. The sealing seat has guide grooves on both sides, corresponding to the guide pipes of the valve body. An annular groove cylinder is fixedly installed at each guide groove on both sides of the sealing seat. The outer side of the annular groove cylinder fits against the inner wall of the valve body. The inner diameter of the annular groove cylinder gradually decreases as it approaches the sealing seat. An annular groove is formed on the side of the annular groove cylinder away from the sealing seat. Through the cooperation of the annular groove cylinder and the filter cover disc, during the use of the ball valve, foreign matter in the fluid is filtered out using the filter holes of the filter cover disc. When the fluid passes through the inside of the ball valve, in the event of ball valve damage, the filter cover disc prevents components from being carried into the flow pipe by the fluid. This can lead to pipeline damage. A filter cover plate is fixedly installed at the annular groove of the annular cylinder. Filter holes are evenly opened on the outer side of the filter cover plate. The bottom of the inner wall of the sealing seat is a semi-circular groove, and the upper part of the semi-circular groove is a conical surface with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom. An inner retaining ring is fixedly installed at the top of the inner wall of the sealing seat. The inner retaining ring restricts the upward movement of the valve core ball when the ball valve is opened, preventing excessive upward movement during the upward movement. This would cause a misalignment between the valve core ball guide groove and the guide groove of the sealing seat after rotation, resulting in fluid impact at the misaligned gap after opening, leading to fluid leakage. A fixing cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner retaining ring, and a fixing plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the valve body. The fixing plate is located directly above the sealing seat.

[0006] Preferably, the valve core mechanism includes a valve core ball, the lower half of which is a hemispherical shape, and the upper half of which is a frustum-shaped cone with an outer diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom. The outer side of the valve core ball is adapted to the inner wall of the sealing seat, and a through-type guide groove is formed at the center of the outer side of the valve core ball. An annular groove is formed at the top of the valve core ball, and a sealing ring gasket is fixedly installed at the annular groove of the valve core ball. The sealing ring gasket is located directly below the fixed cylinder and slides between the valve core ball and the fixed cylinder through the annular groove. During rotation, the rotation center position is adjusted. To prevent the valve core ball from shifting its rotation axis during opening or closing, thus avoiding jamming of the ball valve, and to prevent misalignment between the valve core ball and the sealing seat, which could lead to fluid leakage, the fixed cylinder is slidably fitted with the annular groove of the valve core ball. A sliding groove cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the valve core ball, and a fixed cover is slidably installed on the outer side of the sliding groove cylinder. The outer side of the fixed cover is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner retaining ring, and a top pressure cover is rotatably installed on the top of the outer side of the sliding groove cylinder. A spring is fixedly installed between the top pressure cover and the fixed cover.

[0007] Preferably, grooves are formed on both sides of the inner wall of the grooving cylinder. A connecting shaft is slidably installed on the inner wall of the grooving cylinder. A protruding block is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting shaft. Protrusions are provided on both sides of the protruding block. The protruding block is slidably adapted to the groove of the grooving cylinder through the protrusions. A rotating cylinder is rotatably installed at the top end of the connecting shaft. The top of the inner wall of the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the fixed shaft. A spiral block is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting shaft, and the spiral blocks are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the connecting shaft. A notched disc is slidably installed on the outer side of the connecting shaft. A notched disc has a notch formed on its inner wall. The notch of the notched disc corresponds to the spiral block. The outer side of the notched disc is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed disc.

[0008] This invention provides a pneumatic ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure, which has the following advantages: (i) Through the cooperation of the baffle cylinder and the pressure plate, during the process of the piston disc moving down to close the ball valve, the pressure plate compresses the hydraulic oil to flow from the groove of the top cavity cover to the inside of the baffle cylinder. At the same time, during the downward movement, the baffle cylinder gradually closes the groove, reduces the width of the groove's conduction path, reduces the hydraulic oil's output speed, limits the downward movement speed of the piston disc, and prevents the downward movement speed from being too fast. This would cause the valve core mechanism to rotate and move down to contact the sealing surface of the valve seat mechanism, resulting in an impact due to excessive speed, which would cause wear on the sealing surfaces of the valve core mechanism and the valve seat mechanism during the impact.

[0009] (ii) By cooperating with the annular groove cylinder and the filter cover plate, during the use of the ball valve, the filter holes of the filter cover plate are used to filter out foreign objects in the fluid. When the fluid passes through the inside of the ball valve, if the ball valve is damaged, the filter cover plate will block the flow of parts into the flow pipeline, which would cause damage to the pipeline.

[0010] (iii) The inner retaining ring restricts the upward movement of the valve core ball when the ball valve is opened, preventing it from moving too far upward during the upward movement process. This would cause the valve core ball guide groove and the sealing seat guide groove to shift after rotation, resulting in fluid impacting the gap at the offset point after opening, leading to fluid leakage.

[0011] (iv) By sliding and adapting the annular groove of the valve core ball to the fixed cylinder, the position of the rotation center is restricted during the rotation process, so as to avoid the valve core ball rotation axis from shifting during the opening or closing process, which would cause the ball valve to jam. At the same time, it avoids the valve core ball and the sealing seat from misaligning, creating gaps and causing fluid leakage. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3This is a sectional view of the valve seat mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a sectional side view of the valve seat mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a sectional view of the valve core mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial sectional view of the valve core mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Valve body; 2. Valve seat mechanism; 3. Valve core mechanism; 4. Drive mechanism; 21. Sealing seat; 22. Annular groove cylinder; 23. Filter cover plate; 24. Fixed plate; 25. Inner retaining ring; 26. Fixed cylinder; 301. Valve core ball; 302. Connecting shaft; 303. Rotary cylinder; 304. Sliding groove cylinder; 305. Spring; 306. Top pressure cover; 307. Notched disc; 308. Fixed cover; 309. Raised strip block; 310. Sealing ring gasket; 311. Spiral block; 41. Top cavity cover; 42. Air pump; 43. Outer retaining cylinder; 44. Fixed shaft; 45. Piston plate; 46. Inner retaining cylinder; 47. Sealing ring; 48. Groove cylinder; 49. Pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0014] Example 1, Reference Figures 1 to 2 and Figures 7 to 8 The present invention provides the following technical solution: A pneumatic orbital ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure includes: Valve body 1, valve seat mechanism 2 is fixedly installed inside valve body 1, and drive mechanism 4 is fixedly installed on top of valve body 1. Valve core mechanism 3 is installed inside valve seat mechanism 2. Valve core mechanism 3 and drive mechanism 4 are fixedly connected by shaft. The drive mechanism 4 includes a top cavity cover 41, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of the valve body 1. Grooves are evenly spaced on the bottom outer side of the top cavity cover 41. A piston disc 45 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the top cavity cover 41. Annular grooves are evenly spaced on the outer side of the piston disc 45, and sealing rings 47, made of rubber, are fixedly mounted at each annular groove. A baffle cylinder 48 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the piston disc 45, with its outer side fitting against the inner wall of the top cavity cover 41. An air pump 42 is connected to the interior of the top cavity cover 41 via a pipe. When the ball valve is closed, the air pump 42 supplies air to the interior of the top cavity cover 41, increasing the air pressure at the top of the piston disc 45. This causes the piston disc 45 to slide downwards under the pressure of the air. Simultaneously, during this sliding process, the baffle cylinder 48 and the fixed shaft 44 move downwards, and the baffle cylinder 48 drives the hydraulic disc 49 to move downwards synchronously. During the downward movement, the pressure plate 49 compresses the hydraulic oil between the inner baffle 46 and the top cavity cover 41, squeezing it into the outer baffle 43. This causes the hydraulic oil to be discharged from the groove of the top cavity cover 41. The outer baffle 43 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top cavity cover 41, and the outer baffle 43 is located at the groove of the top cavity cover 41. The pressure plate 49 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the baffle cylinder 48, and the inner baffle 46 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the top cavity cover 41. The outer side of the inner baffle 46 is in contact with the inner wall of the pressure plate 49, and hydraulic oil is filled between the inner baffle 46 and the top cavity cover 41. During the downward movement, the baffle cylinder 48 gradually blocks the groove of the top cavity cover 41, reducing the width of the flow gap. At the same time, as the fixed shaft 44 moves downward, it drives the valve core mechanism 3 to move downward. The space between the outer baffle 43 and the top cavity cover 41 is connected to the space between the inner baffle 46 and the top cavity cover 41 through the groove.

[0015] An air pump 42 is fixedly installed on the top of the top cavity cover 41. The air pump 42 is connected to the inside of the top cavity cover 41 through a pipe, and a fixed shaft 44 is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the piston disc 45.

[0016] Example 2, based on Example 1, with reference to Figures 3 to 4The valve seat mechanism 2 includes a sealing seat 21, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the valve body 1. Both sides of the sealing seat 21 have guide grooves corresponding to the guide pipes of the valve body 1. An annular groove cylinder 22 is fixedly installed at each guide groove on both sides of the sealing seat 21. The outer side of the annular groove cylinder 22 fits against the inner wall of the valve body 1. The inner diameter of the annular groove cylinder 22 gradually decreases as it approaches the sealing seat 21. An annular groove is formed on the side of the inner wall of the annular groove cylinder 22 away from the sealing seat 21. A filter cover plate 23 is fixedly installed at the annular groove of the annular groove cylinder 22. Filter holes are evenly distributed on the outer side of the filter cover plate 23. Through the adaptation of the inner wall of the sealing seat 21 with the valve core mechanism 3, and in conjunction with the movement of the valve core mechanism 3, the ball valve is opened and closed. During the opening process, the fluid enters from one end of the valve body 1 and then enters the interior of the annular groove cylinder 22. Inside the annular groove cylinder 22, foreign matter in the fluid is filtered out through the filter holes of the filter cover plate 23. Then, it enters the guide groove passing through the valve core mechanism 3 and enters the annular groove cylinder 22 at the other end. It is filtered again through the filter holes of the filter cover plate 23 and introduced into the flow pipeline at the other end. The bottom of the inner wall of the sealing seat 21 is a semi-circular groove, and the top of the semi-circular groove is a conical surface with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom. An inner retaining ring 25 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the sealing seat 21, and a fixed cylinder 26 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the inner retaining ring 25. A fixed plate 24 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the valve body 1, and the fixed plate 24 is located directly above the sealing seat 21.

[0017] Example 3, based on Examples 1 and 2, with reference to Figures 5 to 6 The valve core mechanism 3 includes a valve core ball 301. The lower half of the valve core ball 301 is a hemispherical shape, and the upper half of the valve core ball 301 is a frustum with an outer diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom. The outer side of the valve core ball 301 is adapted to the inner wall of the sealing seat 21, and a through guide groove is provided at the center of the outer side of the valve core ball 301. An annular groove is provided at the top of the valve core ball 301, and a sealing ring gasket 310 is fixedly installed at the annular groove of the valve core ball 301. The sealing ring gasket 310 is located directly below the fixed cylinder 26. The fixed cylinder 26 is slidably adapted to the annular groove of the valve core ball 301. A sliding groove cylinder 304 is fixedly installed at the top of the valve core ball 301. The top end of the connecting shaft 302 is connected to the fixed shaft through a rotating cylinder 303. The bottom end of 44 is rotatably connected. During the process of moving upward to open the ball valve, the connecting shaft 302 is first moved upward, which causes the convex strip 309 to move upward. At this time, under the elastic force of the spring 305, the sliding cylinder 304 is pushed upward, causing the valve core ball 301 to move upward and release its contact with the sealing seat 21. At the same time, the fixed cylinder 26 and the inner retaining ring 25 block the valve core ball 301, limiting its upward distance. A fixed cover 308 is slidably installed on the outside of the sliding cylinder 304. The outside of the fixed cover 308 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner retaining ring 25. A top pressure cover 306 is rotatably installed on the top of the outside of the sliding cylinder 304. A spring 305 is fixedly installed between the top pressure cover 306 and the fixed cover 308.

[0018] The inner wall of the grooving cylinder 304 has grooves on both sides. A connecting shaft 302 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the grooving cylinder 304. A protruding strip 309 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting shaft 302. Protrusions are provided on both sides of the protruding strip 309. The protruding strip 309 slides and adapts to the grooves of the grooving cylinder 304 through the protrusions. A rotating cylinder 303 is rotatably installed at the top end of the connecting shaft 302. The top of the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 303 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the fixed shaft 44. A spiral block 311 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting shaft 302. When the spiral block 311 enters the groove of the notched disc 307, the notched disc 307 is fixed by the fixed disc 24, which cooperates with the... The spiral shape of the spiral block 311 causes the connecting shaft 302 to rotate. During the rotation, the convex strip of the convex strip block 309 slides and adapts to the groove of the sliding cylinder 304, causing the sliding cylinder 304 to rotate, which in turn causes the valve core ball 301 to rotate. This causes the guide groove of the valve core ball 301 to correspond with the flow path, opening the flow path of the ball valve. The spiral block 311 is symmetrically installed on the outside of the connecting shaft 302. A notched disc 307 is slidably installed on the outside of the connecting shaft 302. The inner wall of the notched disc 307 has notches, and the notches of the notched disc 307 correspond to the spiral block 311. The outer side of the notched disc 307 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed disc 24.

[0019] In use, the ball valve is connected to the pipeline through the connecting pipes on both sides of the valve body 1, so that the ball valve is in the fluid connecting pipe. When the ball valve is opened, the drive mechanism 4 drives the valve core mechanism 3 to move upward, so that the valve core mechanism 3 and the valve seat mechanism 2 rotate relative to each other. During the rotation, the conduction path of the valve core mechanism 3 corresponds to the connection path between the valve seat mechanism 2, so that the fluid can pass through the conduction path of the valve core mechanism 3 through the connecting pipe of the valve seat mechanism 2 and flow in the pipelines at both ends. When the ball valve is closed, the valve core mechanism 3 is driven to move downward, so that it rotates again. During the rotation, the conduction path of the valve core mechanism 3 and the connection path between the valve seat mechanism 2 are misaligned, so that the fluid cannot pass through the valve core mechanism 3 and the fluid is blocked from flowing in the pipelines at both ends.

[0020] In the drive mechanism 4, the air pump 42 is connected to the inside of the top cavity cover 41 through a pipe. When the ball valve is closed, the air pump 42 vents air into the inside of the top cavity cover 41, increasing the air pressure at the top of the piston disc 45. Under the push of the air pressure, the piston disc 45 slides downward. At the same time, during the sliding process, it drives the baffle cylinder 48 and the fixed shaft 44 to move downward. The baffle cylinder 48 drives the hydraulic pressure plate 49 to move downward synchronously. During the downward movement, the hydraulic pressure plate 49 compresses the hydraulic oil between the inner baffle cylinder 46 and the top cavity cover 41 and squeezes it into the inner baffle cylinder 43, so that the hydraulic oil is discharged from the groove position of the top cavity cover 41. However, during the downward movement, the baffle cylinder 48 gradually blocks the groove of the top cavity cover 41, reducing the width of the flow gap. At the same time, during the downward movement of the fixed shaft 44, it drives the valve core mechanism 3 to move downward.

[0021] In the valve seat mechanism 2, the ball valve is opened and closed by the adaptation of the inner wall of the sealing seat 21 with the valve core mechanism 3 and the movement of the valve core mechanism 3. During the opening process, the fluid enters from one end of the valve body 1 and then enters the interior of the annular groove cylinder 22. Inside the annular groove cylinder 22, foreign objects in the fluid are filtered out through the filter holes of the filter cover plate 23. Then, the fluid enters the guide groove passing through the valve core mechanism 3 and enters the annular groove cylinder 22 at the other end. It is filtered again through the filter holes of the filter cover plate 23 and introduced into the flow pipeline at the other end.

[0022] In the valve core mechanism 3, the top end of the connecting shaft 302 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the fixed shaft 44 via the rotating cylinder 303. During the upward movement to open the ball valve, the connecting shaft 302 is first moved upward, causing the convex strip 309 to move upward. At this time, under the elastic force of the spring 305, the sliding groove cylinder 304 is pushed upward, causing the valve core ball 301 to move upward and release its contact with the sealing seat 21. At the same time, the fixed cylinder 26 and the inner retaining ring 25 block the valve core ball 301, restricting its movement. As the spiral block 311 enters the groove of the grooved disc 307, the fixed disc 24 fixes the grooved disc 307, and the spiral shape of the spiral block 311 causes the connecting shaft 302 to rotate. During the rotation, the convex strip of the convex strip block 309 slides and adapts to the groove of the sliding cylinder 304, causing the sliding cylinder 304 to rotate, which in turn causes the valve core ball 301 to rotate, so that the guide groove of the valve core ball 301 corresponds to the flow path, opening the flow path of the ball valve.

Claims

1. A pneumatic ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure, characterized in that, include: The valve body (1) has a valve seat mechanism (2) fixedly installed inside it, and a drive mechanism (4) fixedly installed on the top of the valve body (1). The valve seat mechanism (2) has a valve core mechanism (3) installed inside it. The valve core mechanism (3) and the drive mechanism (4) are fixedly connected by a shaft. The driving mechanism (4) includes a top cavity cover (41), the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of the valve body (1). A groove is uniformly formed on the bottom outer side of the top cavity cover (41). A piston disc (45) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the top cavity cover (41). A ring groove is uniformly formed on the outer side of the piston disc (45), and a sealing ring (47) is fixedly mounted at each ring groove of the piston disc (45). The sealing ring (47) is made of rubber. A retaining groove cylinder (48) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the piston disc (45). The outer side of the retaining groove cylinder (48) is connected to the inner wall of the top cavity cover (41). The outer baffle (43) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top cavity cover (41), and the outer baffle (43) is located at the groove of the top cavity cover (41). The inner wall of the groove cylinder (48) is fixedly installed with a pressure plate (49). The bottom of the inner wall of the top cavity cover (41) is fixedly installed with an inner baffle (46). The outer side of the inner baffle (46) is in contact with the inner wall of the pressure plate (49), and hydraulic oil is filled between the inner baffle (46) and the top cavity cover (41). The space between the outer baffle (43) and the top cavity cover (41) is connected to the space between the inner baffle (46) and the top cavity cover (41) through the groove.

2. A pneumatic ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air pump (42) is fixedly installed on the top of the top cavity cover (41). The air pump (42) is connected to the inside of the top cavity cover (41) through a pipe, and a fixed shaft (44) is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the piston disc (45).

3. A pneumatic ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve seat mechanism (2) includes a sealing seat (21), which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the valve body (1). The sealing seat (21) has a guide groove on both sides. The guide groove of the sealing seat (21) corresponds to the guide pipe of the valve body (1). An annular groove cylinder (22) is fixedly installed at the guide groove on both sides of the sealing seat (21). The outer side of the annular groove cylinder (22) is in contact with the inner wall of the valve body (1).

4. A pneumatic ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the annular groove cylinder (22) gradually decreases as it approaches the sealing seat (21), and an annular groove is provided on the side of the inner wall of the annular groove cylinder (22) away from the sealing seat (21). A filter cover plate (23) is fixedly installed at the annular groove of the annular groove cylinder (22), and filter holes are uniformly provided on the outer side of the filter cover plate (23).

5. A pneumatic ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner wall of the sealing seat (21) is a semi-circular groove, and the top of the semi-circular groove is a conical surface with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom. An inner retaining ring (25) is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the sealing seat (21), and a fixing cylinder (26) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the inner retaining ring (25).

6. A pneumatic ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fixing plate (24) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the valve body (1), and the fixing plate (24) is located directly above the sealing seat (21).

7. A pneumatic ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The valve core mechanism (3) includes a valve core ball (301), the lower half of which is a hemisphere, and the upper half of which is a frustum with an outer diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom. The outer side of the valve core ball (301) is adapted to the inner wall of the sealing seat (21), and a through guide groove is provided at the center of the outer side of the valve core ball (301).

8. A pneumatic ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The valve core ball (301) has an annular groove at its top, and a sealing ring gasket (310) is fixedly installed at the annular groove of the valve core ball (301). The sealing ring gasket (310) is located directly below the fixed cylinder (26). The fixed cylinder (26) is slidably adapted to the annular groove of the valve core ball (301). A sliding groove cylinder (304) is fixedly installed at the top of the valve core ball (301). A fixed cover (308) is slidably installed on the outside of the sliding groove cylinder (304). The outside of the fixed cover (308) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner retaining ring (25). A top pressure cover (306) is rotatably installed on the top of the outside of the sliding groove cylinder (304). A spring (305) is fixedly installed between the top pressure cover (306) and the fixed cover (308).

9. A pneumatic ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner wall of the grooving cylinder (304) is provided with grooves on both sides. A connecting shaft (302) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the grooving cylinder (304). A protruding strip (309) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting shaft (302). Protrusions are provided on both sides of the protruding strip (309). The protruding strip (309) is slidably adapted to the groove of the grooving cylinder (304) through the protrusions. A rotating cylinder (303) is rotatably installed at the top end of the connecting shaft (302). The top of the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (303) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the fixed shaft (44).

10. A pneumatic ball valve with a hydraulic buffer structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: A spiral block (311) is fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting shaft (302), and the spiral block (311) is symmetrically installed on the outside of the connecting shaft (302). A notched disk (307) is slidably installed on the outside of the connecting shaft (302). The inner wall of the notched disk (307) is provided with a notch. The notch of the notched disk (307) corresponds to the spiral block (311). The outer side of the notched disk (307) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed disk (24).

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