An electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement

Abstract

The application discloses a horizontal moving electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device, and belongs to the technical field of space and deep space exploration. The upper part of an electromagnetic sleeve is a sleeve piece with large flexibility. An electromagnet is arranged on the sleeve piece. The electromagnetic attraction force is changed by changing the current of the electromagnet, so that the deformation of the sleeve piece is affected to change the normal pressure of the sleeve piece on a vertical rod. The friction between the sleeve piece of the electromagnetic sleeve and the vertical rod is changed, and part of the gravity is offset to control the equivalent gravity. The lower part of the electromagnetic sleeve is a supporting piece. The edge of the supporting piece is a bolt hole. The bolt hole is connected with a test prototype. The current of the electromagnet at the upper end of the electromagnetic sleeve is controlled and adjusted in real time, so that the control and adjustment of the equivalent gravity are realized. The moving speed of a horizontal moving platform is controlled, so that the vertical drop shock and the horizontal speed coupling working condition are simulated. The accuracy and applicability of the equivalent gravity acceleration simulation test are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerospace deep space exploration technology, specifically an electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device that can move horizontally. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of deep space exploration technology, many aerospace equipment have stringent requirements for landing buffer performance, and these devices are typically large and heavy. To reduce testing difficulty and cost, scaled-down tests are usually necessary, with the simulation of gravitational acceleration being the core of these simulations. Simultaneously, some aerospace equipment will be used to explore extraterrestrial objects, and the gravitational acceleration of the target celestial bodies often differs significantly from that of Earth. Therefore, equivalent simulation of gravitational acceleration is crucial for equipment development. Whether for scaled-down tests or extraterrestrial object exploration, accurate simulation tests on the ground are essential to fully verify technical indicators such as buffer performance, structural and mechanism reliability, and adaptability to landing environments. Therefore, achieving scaled-down gravitational acceleration and simulation of equivalent gravitational acceleration in a ground environment has become an important research and design direction. Simulation of low gravitational acceleration typically involves adding a force in the opposite direction of gravity to the simulated test equipment to offset some of the gravity, thus achieving equivalent gravity simulation.

[0003] Traditional methods for simulating equivalent gravity include pulley balancing, ramp simulation, and traditional mechanical friction. The pulley balancing method is inaccurate for simulating the coupling of vertical fall and horizontal velocity, and the connecting ropes are prone to slackening upon landing, causing errors. The ramp simulation method requires a large ramp angle when simulating smaller equivalent gravity, making it difficult to lay out the impact surface and resulting in poor simulation of landing adaptability. The traditional mechanical friction method uses springs and mechanical pressure to change the friction force, leading to changes in the friction coefficient after testing. Furthermore, its inability to adjust pressure quickly and in real-time limits its application in equivalent gravity simulation tests. To address the shortcomings of these traditional methods, there is an urgent need for an equivalent gravity simulation test method and apparatus that can simulate the coupling of vertical fall and horizontal velocity, can be widely laid out impact surfaces, accurately control the equivalent gravity, and provide real-time adjustment and rapid response. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a test device that can move horizontally, accurately control the equivalent gravity, and make real-time adjustments and rapid responses, thereby achieving accurate simulation of the equivalent gravity in the coupled working condition of horizontal velocity during vertical drop.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] An electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement includes: a test bench with two horizontal bottom slide rails at its bottom; the bottom slide rails engage with a moving groove below a horizontally moving carriage, and the horizontally moving carriage is connected to a vertical rod via threads; an electromagnetic sleeve is fitted onto the vertical rod, the main body of the electromagnetic sleeve being a vertical sleeve; a highly flexible sleeve plate is located above the electromagnetic sleeve, and an electromagnet is installed on the sleeve plate. By changing the current flowing through the electromagnet, the electromagnetic attraction force is changed, thereby affecting the deformation of the sleeve plate and changing its normal pressure on the vertical rod, thus changing the frictional force between the sleeve plate and the vertical rod, offsetting part of the gravity to control the equivalent gravity; a support plate is located below the electromagnetic sleeve, and the edge of the support plate has bolt holes, which are fastened to the test prototype.

[0007] This invention controls and adjusts the equivalent gravity by controlling and adjusting the energizing current of the electromagnet at the upper end of the electromagnetic sleeve in real time. By controlling the movement speed of the horizontal moving platform, it simulates the coupled conditions of vertical drop and horizontal velocity. This improves the accuracy and applicability of the equivalent gravity acceleration simulation test.

[0008] Furthermore, the test bench also includes four vertical test bench support rods. Two top transverse guide rails are installed horizontally at the upper end of the test bench support rods, and two top brake blocks are installed longitudinally at the upper end of the test bench support rods. Similarly, two bottom brake blocks are installed longitudinally at the lower end of the test bench support rods.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical rod can be replaced if the coefficient of friction changes too much after multiple tests.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper surface of the horizontally moving vehicle can be laid according to different ground environments with earthquakes.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the electromagnetic sleeve is larger than that of the vertical rod to prevent additional friction during movement.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical rod is fastened to the horizontal rod by fastening screws. After the electromagnetic sleeve, which has been fastened to the test prototype, is placed on the vertical rod, the fastening screws are tightened to secure the horizontal rod to the vertical rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the crossbar engages with the upper guide rail of the support rod and moves synchronously with the horizontal moving vehicle after the test begins, so as to reduce the impact of the vertical rod's vibration on the friction force.

[0014] Furthermore, four support plates are connected below the support rod, and the edges of the support plates have bolt holes, which are fastened to the test prototype by bolts and nuts.

[0015] Furthermore, before the equivalent simulation test begins, the corresponding parameters of the test device need to be preset, and the target equivalent gravitational acceleration needs to be determined based on the model mass and the purpose of the test; based on the target equivalent gravity, the gravity component to be offset is calculated, and the frictional force between the electromagnetic sleeve and the vertical rod is initially calculated.

[0016] The friction coefficient between the electromagnetic sleeve plate and the vertical rod is initially set to calculate the predetermined contact pressure; and the electromagnetic force is then tested and adjusted to further accurately determine the actual friction coefficient between the electromagnetic sleeve plate and the vertical rod during the test, and the magnitude of the electromagnet current is calculated.

[0017] By repeatedly pre-releasing and continuously adjusting the current through the controller, and by using feedback from the measuring equipment, the magnitude of the current that can form the target contact pressure is determined, and the current is finely adjusted in real time to ultimately generate the target electromagnetic force, so that the equivalent acceleration reaches stability.

[0018] Furthermore, after confirmation, the electromagnetic sleeve is raised to the predetermined height and locked to establish system balance. The fastening screws are tightened to secure the horizontal and vertical bars, preventing excessive vibration of the vertical bar during horizontal movement. Once preparation is complete, the horizontal bar and the horizontal moving vehicle are started synchronously at the predetermined horizontal speed. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic sleeve is released to conduct a drop test according to the preset equivalent gravitational acceleration. The mechanical characteristics and motion patterns of the test prototype are monitored and data collected in real time using measuring equipment. Then, the test is repeated according to the test requirements, or it is confirmed whether different simulation parameters need to be switched. If necessary, the previous test steps are repeated; otherwise, the test process is terminated, the electromagnetic system and the power source of the horizontal moving vehicle are turned off, the test model is removed, and the data is processed. This achieves accurate equivalent gravitational acceleration simulation of the test prototype under the coupled conditions of vertical drop and horizontal speed, thereby improving the accuracy and applicability of equivalent gravitational acceleration simulation tests.

[0019] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0020] By precisely controlling the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet on the electromagnetic sleeve, the contact pressure of the sleeve plate on the vertical rod can be accurately adjusted. Combined with closed-loop feedback control, the equivalent gravitational acceleration can be accurately controlled. At the same time, the electromagnetic force adjustment response time is fast. Compared with traditional mechanical traction, magnetic levitation and other technologies, it greatly improves the dynamic adjustment capability and can meet the requirements of high-precision testing.

[0021] In addition, traditional methods for simulating equivalent gravity, such as the pulley balancing method, are not accurate enough for simulating the coupled condition of vertical fall with horizontal velocity, and the connecting rope is prone to slack at the moment of landing, which can cause certain errors. With the cooperation of the horizontal moving vehicle 15, the coupled condition of vertical fall and horizontal movement can be accurately simulated.

[0022] This experimental setup effectively avoids the inability to dynamically adjust equivalent gravitational acceleration and the interference of horizontal movement on the gravity balance system in traditional methods by controlling the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic sleeve and the horizontal speed of the horizontal moving platform. The experimental process is stable and controllable, and the obtained drop performance parameters are closer to the actual working conditions of the test prototype, effectively improving the accuracy and applicability of equivalent gravitational acceleration simulation. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 Structural diagram of an electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement;

[0024] Figure 2 Unloaded structural diagram of an electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement;

[0025] Figure 3 A structural diagram of the electromagnetic sleeve in an electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection between the prototype and the electromagnetic sleeve;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection between the electromagnetic sleeve and the vertical rod;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the fastening connection between the horizontal bar and the vertical bar;

[0029] Among them, 1-bottom brake block, 2-test bench support rod, 3-top brake block, 4-top transverse guide rail, 5-bottom slide rail, 6-electromagnet, 7-support rod, 8-crossbar, 9-fastening screw, 10-sleeve plate, 11-test prototype, 12-support plate, 13-bolt hole, 14-vertical rod, 15-horizontal moving vehicle, 16-bolt, 17-nut. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the following examples provide a more detailed description of the invention. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0031] like Figures 1-6As shown, the test device consists of a bottom brake block 1 from left to right. The bottom brake block 1 is located in the middle of the lower longitudinal direction of the test bench support rod 2. The top brake block 3 is installed in the middle of the upper longitudinal direction of the test bench support rod 2. The top transverse guide rail 4 is installed in the transverse direction of the upper end of the test bench support rod 2. The top transverse guide rail 4 meshes with the crossbar 8.

[0032] Specifically: such as Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of an electromagnetic sleeve. The top of the sleeve is a sleeve plate 10, on which an electromagnet 6 is mounted. The lower end of the sleeve plate is connected to a sleeve support rod 7. Below the support rod 7 are four support plates 12, with bolt holes 13 along the edges of the support plates 12. Figure 4 As shown, the electromagnetic sleeve is securely connected to the test prototype 11 by bolts 16 and nuts 17. Figure 5 The electromagnetic sleeve shown can be fitted onto the vertical rod 14. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the crossbar 8 is fastened to the vertical bar 14 of the horizontal moving carriage 15 by fastening screws 9. Before tightening the fastening screws 9 to fasten the crossbar 8 to the vertical bar 14, the electromagnetic sleeve is connected to the test prototype 11 and then fitted onto the vertical bar. The vertical bar 14 is threaded onto the horizontal moving carriage 15 for easy replacement after wear. The moving groove of the horizontal moving carriage 15 engages with the bottom slide rail 5.

[0033] Before the equivalent simulation test begins, the corresponding parameters need to be preset, and the target equivalent gravitational acceleration needs to be determined based on the model quality and the purpose of the test. For example, the lunar landing is equivalent to 1 / 6 of the Earth's gravitational acceleration, and the Mars landing is equivalent to about 2 / 5 of the Earth's gravitational acceleration.

[0034] Based on the target equivalent gravity, the component of gravity that needs to be offset is calculated, and the frictional force between the electromagnetic sleeve and the vertical rod 14 is initially calculated. The coefficient of friction between the electromagnetic sleeve plate 10 and the vertical rod 14 is initially set, thereby calculating the predetermined contact pressure. Based on this, the electromagnetic force is experimentally adjusted to further accurately determine the actual coefficient of friction between the electromagnetic sleeve plate 10 and the vertical rod 14 during the test, and the magnitude of the electromagnet's energizing current is calculated.

[0035] By repeatedly pre-releasing and continuously adjusting the current through the controller, and by using feedback from the measuring equipment, the magnitude of the current that can form the target contact pressure is determined, and the current is finely adjusted in real time to ultimately generate the target electromagnetic force, so that the equivalent acceleration reaches stability.

[0036] After confirmation, the electromagnetic sleeve and test prototype 11 are raised to the predetermined height and locked to establish system balance. The horizontal bar 8 and vertical bar 14 are then securely connected using fastening screws 9 to prevent excessive vibration and instability of the vertical bar 14 during horizontal movement. Once preparation is complete, the horizontal bar 8 and the horizontal moving vehicle 15 are started synchronously at the predetermined horizontal speed. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic sleeve is released synchronously to conduct a drop test according to the preset equivalent gravitational acceleration. The mechanical characteristics and motion laws of the test prototype 11 are monitored and data is collected in real time using measuring equipment. Then, the test is repeated according to the test requirements, or it is confirmed whether different simulation parameters need to be switched for the test. If necessary, the previous test steps are repeated; otherwise, the test process is ended, the electromagnetic system and the power source of the moving platform are turned off, the test model is removed, and the data is processed. This achieves an accurate equivalent gravitational acceleration simulation test of the test prototype 11 under the coupled conditions of vertical drop and horizontal speed, thereby improving the accuracy and applicability of the equivalent gravitational acceleration simulation test.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontally movable electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device, characterized in that, The device includes: a test bench, the bottom of which is provided with two horizontal bottom slide rails (5); the bottom slide rails (5) engage with the moving groove below the horizontal moving carriage (15), and the horizontal moving carriage (15) is connected to the vertical rod (14) by a thread; An electromagnetic sleeve is fitted on the vertical rod (14), and the main body of the electromagnetic sleeve is a vertical sleeve; Above the electromagnetic sleeve is a flexible sleeve plate (10), on which an electromagnet (6) is installed. By changing the current of the electromagnet (6), the electromagnetic attraction force is changed, thereby affecting the deformation of the sleeve plate (10) to change its normal pressure on the vertical rod (14). This changes the friction between the sleeve plate (10) and the vertical rod (14) of the electromagnetic sleeve, offsetting part of the gravity to control the equivalent gravity. Below the electromagnetic sleeve is a support plate (12), and the edge of the support plate (12) is a bolt hole (13), which is fastened to the test prototype (11).

2. The electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test bench also includes four vertical test bench support rods (2). Two top horizontal guide rails (4) are installed horizontally on the upper end of the test bench support rods (2). Two top brake blocks (3) are installed vertically on the upper end of the test bench support rods (2). Two bottom brake blocks (1) are also installed vertically on the lower end of the test bench support rods (2).

3. The electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical rod (14) can be replaced after multiple tests if the coefficient of friction changes too much.

4. The electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the horizontal moving vehicle (15) can be laid according to different ground environments.

5. The electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the electromagnetic sleeve is larger than that of the vertical rod (14) to prevent additional friction during movement.

6. The electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical rod (14) is fastened to the horizontal rod (8) by fastening screws (9). After the electromagnetic sleeve, which has been fastened to the test sample (11), is put on the vertical rod (14), the fastening screws (9) are pressed to make the horizontal rod (8) and the vertical rod (14) fastened.

7. The electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement according to claim 6, characterized in that, The crossbar (8) engages with the upper guide rail of the support rod (7) and moves synchronously with the horizontal moving vehicle (15) after the test begins, so as to reduce the impact of the vibration of the vertical rod (14) on the friction force.

8. The electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support rod (7) is connected to four support plates (12) below. The edges of the support plates (12) are bolt holes (13), which are fastened to the test prototype (11) by bolts (16) and nuts (17).

9. The electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the equivalent simulation test begins, the corresponding parameters of the test device need to be preset, and the target equivalent gravitational acceleration needs to be determined based on the model mass and the purpose of the test. Based on the target equivalent gravity, calculate the gravity component that needs to be offset, and preliminarily calculate the frictional force between the electromagnetic sleeve and the vertical rod (14); The friction coefficient between the electromagnetic sleeve plate (10) and the vertical rod (14) is initially set, and the predetermined contact pressure is calculated. Then, the electromagnetic force is tested and adjusted to further accurately determine the actual friction coefficient between the electromagnetic sleeve plate and the vertical rod during the test, and the magnitude of the electromagnet current is calculated. By repeatedly pre-releasing and continuously adjusting the current through the controller, and by using feedback from the measuring equipment, the magnitude of the current that can form the target contact pressure is determined, and the current is finely adjusted in real time to ultimately generate the target electromagnetic force, so that the equivalent acceleration reaches stability.

10. The electromagnetic friction equivalent simulation test device capable of horizontal movement according to claim 9, characterized in that, After confirmation, raise the electromagnetic sleeve to the predetermined height and lock it to establish system balance. Tighten the fastening screw (9) to make the horizontal bar (8) and the vertical bar (14) securely connected to prevent excessive vibration of the vertical bar during horizontal movement. After preparation, the crossbar (8) and the horizontal moving vehicle (15) are started synchronously at the predetermined horizontal speed. At the same time, the electromagnetic sleeve is released synchronously to conduct a drop test according to the preset equivalent gravitational acceleration. The mechanical characteristics and motion law of the test prototype (11) are monitored and data is collected in real time through the measuring equipment. Then, the test is repeated according to the test requirements or it is confirmed whether different simulation parameters need to be switched for the test. If necessary, the previous test steps are repeated. If not, the test process is ended, the electromagnetic system and the power source of the horizontal moving vehicle (15) are turned off, the test model is removed and the data is sorted. In this way, the accurate equivalent gravitational acceleration simulation test of the test prototype (11) under the coupled conditions of vertical drop and horizontal speed is realized, thereby improving the accuracy and applicability of the equivalent gravitational acceleration simulation test.

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