A medium wave antenna matching assembly based on double helix inductors

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of antenna matching and tuning devices, in particular to a medium wave antenna matching assembly based on double helix inductors, which comprises a shell, a coil set arranged in the shell, a movable magnetic core rod, a lead screw, a variable capacitor, a mounting plate, a coarse tuning knob, a fine tuning knob, an antenna interface and a speed reducer; wherein an operation table is arranged on the shell, the coarse tuning knob and the fine tuning knob are arranged on the operation table; the coil set comprises a first double helix inductor, the magnetic core rod is arranged along the axial direction of the first double helix inductor and can axially move relative to the first double helix inductor; the lead screw is arranged in the shell and is in transmission connection with the magnetic core rod, the coarse tuning knob is in transmission connection with the lead screw so as to drive the magnetic core rod to perform coarse tuning; the variable capacitor is arranged on the mounting plate, the fine tuning knob is in transmission connection with the variable capacitor through the speed reducer so as to perform fine tuning on the variable capacitor; and the antenna interface is arranged on the shell and is electrically connected with the first double helix inductor and the variable capacitor to form an antenna matching network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna matching and tuning device technology, specifically to a medium-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor. Background Technology

[0002] Due to their longer operating wavelengths, medium-wave (MF) band antennas in practical engineering are often limited in size by site conditions, frequently employing shortened antennas, loaded antennas, or top-cap structures. These antennas typically exhibit low radiation resistance and high reactance at the input impedance, and are sensitive to the surrounding environment, causing the antenna port impedance to fluctuate under different operating conditions. To achieve high-efficiency operation of the transmitting or receiving system, matching components are usually installed at the antenna end to match the antenna port impedance with the feed line or transmitter output impedance, thereby reducing reflected power, improving the VSWR, and enhancing system efficiency and stability.

[0003] Existing medium-wave antenna matching components mostly use matching networks composed of inductors and capacitors. Common tuning methods include:

[0004] 1. Fixed inductor + fixed capacitor matching method: The structure is simple, but the tuning range is limited. When the antenna height, ground network conditions, surrounding conductor structure changes or seasonal humidity changes cause impedance drift, it is often difficult to maintain a good match. It is necessary to replace components or redesign the matching network, resulting in high maintenance costs and poor adaptability.

[0005] 2. Tap-type inductors or relay / switch switching inductors: Matching can be adjusted within a certain range, but the adjustment is discrete with large step sizes between taps, making it difficult to achieve fine tuning; at the same time, the tap / switch contacts may experience problems such as increased contact resistance, overheating or decreased stability under medium-wave high current or high voltage conditions, affecting long-term reliability.

[0006] 3. Continuously adjustable inductors or variable capacitors: While these methods can improve matching accuracy, they still have some shortcomings in engineering applications. For example, if the inductor adjustment mechanism lacks effective guiding and self-locking measures, it is prone to backtracking under vibration, temperature changes, or external forces, leading to matching point drift. Variable capacitors, if exposed to humid or dusty environments, are prone to capacitance drift, contact oxidation, or mechanical jamming, thus affecting tuning stability and repeatability.

[0007] Furthermore, mid-wave matching components are often used outdoors or at the edge of equipment rooms, and are significantly affected by rain, dust, salt spray, and temperature cycling. If the housing is not adequately sealed, the inductance and capacitance parameters are prone to drift with environmental changes; if the internal layout is not effectively functionally partitioned, strong parasitic coupling and spurious effects may occur between the inductors and capacitors, resulting in unstable tuning curves and difficulty in repeated tuning. Moreover, in field maintenance scenarios, tuning usually relies on experience, and without calibration or positioning structures, it is difficult to record and reproduce the tuning state, leading to long maintenance times and low recovery efficiency. Therefore, this application provides an antenna matching component that can balance tuning range, tuning accuracy, environmental adaptability, structural stability, and maintenance reproducibility in mid-wave antenna engineering applications to meet the requirements of rapid tuning and long-term reliable operation in different installation environments. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problem is: a medium-wave antenna matching component based on a double helix inductor, including: a housing, a coil group disposed in the housing, a movable magnetic core rod, a lead screw, a variable capacitor, a mounting plate, a coarse adjustment knob, a fine adjustment knob, an antenna interface, and a reduction gearbox.

[0010] The housing is equipped with an operating panel, and coarse adjustment knob and fine adjustment knob are mounted on the operating panel;

[0011] The coil assembly includes a first double-helix inductor, and a magnetic core rod is arranged along the axial direction of the first double-helix inductor and can move axially relative to the first double-helix inductor to change the equivalent inductance of the first double-helix inductor.

[0012] The lead screw is disposed inside the housing and is connected to the magnetic core rod in a transmission manner. The coarse adjustment knob is connected to the lead screw in a transmission manner to drive the magnetic core rod to perform coarse adjustment.

[0013] The variable capacitor is mounted on a mounting plate, and the fine-tuning knob is connected to the variable capacitor via a gearbox for fine-tuning the variable capacitor.

[0014] The antenna interface is located on the housing and is electrically connected to the first double-helix inductor and the variable capacitor to form an antenna matching network.

[0015] Preferably, the housing is provided with a mounting groove, which is used to cooperate with external mounting parts to achieve the positioning and installation of the housing; the antenna interface is a coaxial connector structure and is located on one side of the housing.

[0016] Preferably, the control panel and the housing are detachably connected, with the control panel serving to support the coarse adjustment knob and the fine adjustment knob and forming a protective cover over the inside of the housing.

[0017] Preferably, the lead screw and the magnetic core rod are connected by a threaded pair or a nut seat structure, so that when the lead screw rotates, it drives the magnetic core rod to make axial linear motion.

[0018] Preferably, a limiting plate is provided inside the housing to limit the axial movement of the magnetic core rod, so as to prevent the magnetic core rod from overtraveling.

[0019] Preferably, the limiting plate divides the interior of the housing into an inductor cavity and a capacitor cavity, with a first double-helix inductor disposed in the inductor cavity and a variable capacitor disposed in the capacitor cavity, in order to reduce mutual coupling interference and improve tuning stability.

[0020] Preferably, the mounting plate is disposed inside the housing and is used to fix the mounting positions of the variable capacitor and the support screw.

[0021] Preferably, the reduction gearbox is one of a planetary reduction mechanism, a worm gear reduction mechanism, or a gear reduction mechanism, so that the output angular displacement of the fine adjustment knob is reduced relative to the input angular displacement, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the variable capacitor.

[0022] Preferably, the coarse adjustment knob and the fine adjustment knob are respectively provided with scale structures to realize the reproduction and recording of the tuning position.

[0023] Preferably, the housing is provided with a mounting pin, which is used to cooperate with an external mounting hole to achieve quick positioning of the housing and prevent rotation.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0025] This application provides a mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor. To reduce parasitic coupling between the inductor and capacitor sides and improve tuning stability, a limiting plate is provided inside the housing. The limiting plate serves two functions: first, it limits the travel range by mechanically stopping the axial movement of the magnetic core rod to prevent excessive insertion or withdrawal; second, it acts as a compartment, dividing the internal space of the housing into an inductor cavity and a capacitor cavity. The first double-helix inductor and the magnetic core rod are mainly arranged in the inductor cavity, and the variable capacitor is mainly arranged in the capacitor cavity.

[0026] This application provides a mid-wave antenna matching assembly based on a double-helix inductor. When the lead screw rotates, the nut seat moves along the lead screw axis, thereby driving the magnetic core rod to move axially. To ensure the coaxiality and stability of the magnetic core rod's movement, a guide structure can be optionally provided to limit the radial sway of the magnetic core rod or its connecting parts, reducing the risk of friction and jamming. The coarse adjustment knob is connected to the lead screw drive. Preferably, the coarse adjustment knob can be coaxially connected to the lead screw through a coupling, or the rotation of the knob can be transmitted to the lead screw through gears, bevel gears, etc. In this way, the operator can drive the lead screw to rotate and change the insertion depth of the magnetic core rod by rotating the coarse adjustment knob, thereby achieving coarse adjustment of the inductance value. The limiting plate is used to limit the axial travel of the magnetic core rod: when the magnetic core rod moves to the preset position, the end of the magnetic core rod, the connecting parts, or the nut seat contacts the limiting plate or the inner wall of the housing to form a stop, thereby preventing overtravel from causing structural interference or tuning failure.

[0027] This application provides a mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor, which converts the large angular displacement generated by the operator manually rotating the fine-tuning knob into a smaller angular displacement of the variable capacitor shaft, thereby improving the resolution of capacitance changes and enhancing fine-tuning stability to avoid capacitance fluctuations caused by hand tremors or external disturbances. Specifically, a reduction gearbox can be located near the variable capacitor, with the fine-tuning knob input to the reduction gearbox via a drive shaft. The output of the reduction gearbox is connected to the shaft of the variable capacitor, thereby driving the variable capacitor to rotate slightly. Optionally, a damping structure can be provided at the reduction gearbox or the fine-tuning knob to further improve vibration resistance. The antenna interface is electrically connected to the first double-helix inductor and the variable capacitor to form an antenna matching network. In this embodiment, the matching network includes at least two types of adjustable elements: the first double-helix inductor and the variable capacitor. The inductance value is changed by adjusting the position of the magnetic core rod, and the capacitance is changed by adjusting the variable capacitor, thereby matching the antenna port impedance with the feed line / equipment port impedance, reducing reflections and improving efficiency.

[0028] In addition to the purposes, features, and advantages described above, this application has other purposes, features, and advantages. These will be further described in detail below with reference to figures. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention from another perspective;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting pin structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the shell of the present invention.

[0035] Drawing number explanation:

[0036] 1. Housing; 2. Mounting slot; 3. Operating panel; 4. First double-helix inductor; 5. Magnetic core rod; 6. Coil group; 7. Limiting plate; 8. Lead screw; 9. Mounting plate; 10. Coarse adjustment knob; 11. Fine adjustment knob; 12. Antenna interface; 13. Variable capacitor; 14. Mounting pin; 15. Gearbox. Detailed Implementation

[0037] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 A mid-wave antenna matching assembly based on a double-helix inductor includes a housing 1, which is preferably a metal housing (such as die-cast / machined aluminum alloy) or an engineering plastic housing with a metal shielding layer to balance strength, shielding and heat dissipation requirements; an operating platform 3 is provided on the upper part of the housing 1, which can be fixedly connected to the housing 1 by screws, clips or fitting structures, preferably detachable, to facilitate inspection and maintenance (for example, removing the operating platform 3 can expose the internal tuning components).

[0040] The control panel 3 is equipped with a coarse adjustment knob 10 and a fine adjustment knob 11, which are used for external adjustment of matching parameters. The coarse adjustment knob 10 is preferably used for "coarse adjustment of inductance" over a larger range, and the fine adjustment knob 11 is preferably used for "fine adjustment of capacitance" in smaller steps. A scale structure (scale lines, scale rings or digital scales) can be set on the outer periphery of the coarse adjustment knob 10 and the fine adjustment knob 11 or on the control panel 3 to record the tuning position and realize its reproduction.

[0041] An antenna interface 12 is provided on one side wall or end wall of the housing 1. The antenna interface 12 is a coaxial connector structure (e.g., N-type, UHF type or other coaxial interface) for connecting to an antenna or feeder. An insulating bushing or gasket is preferably provided between the antenna interface 12 and the housing 1 to ensure reliable electrical connection and guarantee withstand voltage and creepage distance.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the housing 1 is provided with a mounting groove 2, which can be a strip groove, dovetail groove or arc groove, for cooperating with external brackets or clamps to achieve rapid positioning and installation of the housing 1; the housing 1 is also provided with a mounting pin 14, which is preferably a cylindrical pin or stepped pin structure, which can be inserted into the external mounting hole to achieve rapid positioning, shear resistance and anti-rotation; the mounting pin 14 can also cooperate with the mounting groove 2 to form a combination installation method of "groove positioning + pin anti-rotation", which improves the reliability under outdoor and vehicle vibration conditions.

[0043] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, a coil group 6 is arranged inside the housing 1; the coil group 6 includes a first double-helix inductor 4, which is preferably formed by winding conductive wire to form a double-helix structure (which can be understood as two sets of helical coils arranged side by side and symmetrically on the same axis), and its axial direction forms an insertion channel (or equivalent central receiving space) for the magnetic core rod 5; the first double-helix inductor 4 can be fixed inside the housing 1 by an insulating bracket, end fixing plate or frame to prevent the coil from shifting under transportation or vibration conditions;

[0044] To reduce parasitic coupling between the inductor and capacitor sides and improve tuning stability, a limiting plate 7 is provided inside the housing 1. In this embodiment, the limiting plate 7 serves two functions: first, it limits the stroke, forming a mechanical stop on the axial movement range of the magnetic core rod 5 to prevent the magnetic core rod 5 from being over-inserted or over-extracted; second, it acts as a compartment, dividing the internal space of the housing 1 into an inductor cavity and a capacitor cavity. The first double-helix inductor 4 and the magnetic core rod 5 are mainly arranged in the inductor cavity, and the variable capacitor 13 is mainly arranged in the capacitor cavity.

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, the partial cross-section of the housing 1 reveals the fit between the limiting plate 7 and the inner wall of the housing 1; the limiting plate 7 is preferably an insulating plate or a metal plate (if it is a metal plate, it is preferably reliably grounded and at the same potential as the housing 1) to balance mechanical strength and shielding isolation effect;

[0046] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the magnetic core rod 5 is arranged along the axial direction of the first double-helix inductor 4; the magnetic core rod 5 is preferably a ferrite magnetic core rod or a magnetic core assembly with a high magnetic permeability material. Its axial movement changes the magnetic circuit in the coil, thereby changing the equivalent inductance value of the first double-helix inductor 4 and realizing continuous adjustment.

[0047] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a lead screw 8 is installed inside the housing 1. The lead screw 8 and the magnetic core rod 5 are connected by a threaded pair or a nut seat structure. Specifically, the magnetic core rod 5 can be fixedly connected to a connector, and a nut seat is provided on the connector. The lead screw 8 passes through the nut seat and is threaded into it. When the lead screw 8 rotates, the nut seat moves axially along the lead screw 8, thereby driving the magnetic core rod 5 to move axially. To ensure the coaxiality and stability of the movement of the magnetic core rod 5, a guide structure (such as a guide groove, guide hole, or guide rod) can be optionally provided to limit the radial oscillation of the magnetic core rod 5 or its connector and reduce the risk of friction and jamming. Coarse adjustment... The knob 10 is connected to the lead screw 8 via a transmission. Preferably, the coarse adjustment knob 10 can be coaxially connected to the lead screw 8 via a coupling, or the rotation of the knob can be transmitted to the lead screw 8 via gears, bevel gears, etc. In this way, the operator can rotate the coarse adjustment knob 10 to drive the lead screw 8 to rotate and change the insertion depth of the magnetic core rod 5, thereby achieving coarse adjustment of the inductance value. The limiting plate 7 is used to limit the axial travel of the magnetic core rod 5: when the magnetic core rod 5 moves to the preset position, the end of the magnetic core rod 5, the connecting piece or the nut seat contacts the limiting plate 7 or the inner wall of the housing 1 to form a stop, thereby preventing overtravel from causing structural interference or tuning failure.

[0048] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the variable capacitor 13 is mounted on the mounting plate 9; the mounting plate 9 is fixed inside the housing 1 and is used to provide a mounting reference and support for the variable capacitor 13; the mounting plate 9 is preferably a metal plate or an insulating plate, and the specific material can be selected according to the requirements of pressure resistance, heat dissipation and shielding; the fine adjustment knob 11 is connected to the variable capacitor 13 via a reduction gearbox 15; the reduction gearbox 15 is preferably a planetary reduction mechanism, a worm gear reduction mechanism or a gear reduction mechanism, and the following technical effect is achieved by reducing speed: converting the large angular displacement generated by the operator manually rotating the fine adjustment knob 11 into the variable capacitor. The smaller angular displacement of the rotating shaft 13 improves the resolution of capacitance changes and enhances fine-tuning stability, avoiding capacitance fluctuations caused by hand tremors or external disturbances. Specifically, the reduction gearbox 15 can be located close to the variable capacitor 13, and the fine-tuning knob 11 is input to the reduction gearbox 15 through the drive shaft. The output end of the reduction gearbox 15 is connected to the rotating shaft of the variable capacitor 13, thereby driving the variable capacitor 13 to rotate slightly. Optionally, a damping structure (such as friction plates, damping washers, or damping grease) can be provided at the reduction gearbox 15 or the fine-tuning knob 11 to further improve vibration resistance.

[0049] Antenna interface 12 is electrically connected to the first double-helix inductor 4 and variable capacitor 13 to form an antenna matching network. In this embodiment, the matching network includes at least two types of adjustable elements: the first double-helix inductor 4 and variable capacitor 13. The inductance value is changed by adjusting the position of the magnetic core rod 5, and the capacitance is changed by adjusting the variable capacitor 13, so that the antenna port impedance is matched with the feed line / device port impedance, thereby reducing reflection and improving efficiency.

[0050] Based on all the above embodiments, the working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0051] Coarse adjustment stage: Rotate the coarse adjustment knob 10 to drive the lead screw 8 to move the magnetic core bar 5 axially, quickly adjusting the matching point to near the target range (for example, significantly reducing the standing wave ratio to a range that can be further fine-tuned).

[0052] Fine-tuning stage: Rotate the fine-tuning knob 11, which drives the variable capacitor 13 through the reduction gearbox 15 to make fine adjustments so that the standing wave ratio reaches a better or optimal level.

[0053] Reproduction and Recording: Read the scale structure corresponding to the coarse adjustment knob 10 and fine adjustment knob 11, and record the current scale value; after reinstallation or environmental changes, it can be quickly restored to a near-tuning state based on the scale.

[0054] Preferably, the scale structure can be set in any of the following positions: set on the outer periphery of the coarse adjustment knob 10 and the corresponding reference line on the operating table 3; set on the outer periphery of the fine adjustment knob 11 and the corresponding reference line on the operating table 3; or set on the surface of the operating table 3 with a scale ring, digital scale, etc.; the scale structure preferably adopts wear-resistant printing, laser etching or insert scale method to adapt to long-term use.

[0055] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary. Under the framework of this invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0056] This invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor, characterized in that, Includes housing (1), coil assembly (6) disposed in housing (1), magnetic core rod (5), lead screw (8), variable capacitor (13), mounting plate (9), coarse adjustment knob (10), fine adjustment knob (11), antenna interface (12) and gearbox (15); The housing (1) is provided with an operating table (3), and the coarse adjustment knob (10) and the fine adjustment knob (11) are installed on the operating table (3); The coil group (6) includes a first double helix inductor (4), and the magnetic core rod (5) is arranged along the axial direction of the first double helix inductor (4) and moves axially relative to the first double helix inductor (4) to change the equivalent inductance of the first double helix inductor (4). The lead screw (8) is disposed inside the housing (1) and is connected to the magnetic core rod (5) in a transmission manner. The coarse adjustment knob (10) is connected to the lead screw (8) in a transmission manner to drive the magnetic core rod (5) to perform coarse adjustment. The variable capacitor (13) is mounted on the mounting plate (9), and the fine adjustment knob (11) is connected to the variable capacitor (13) via the gearbox (15) to fine adjust the variable capacitor (13). The antenna interface (12) is disposed on the housing (1) and electrically connected to the first double-helix inductor (4) and the variable capacitor (13) to form an antenna matching network.

2. The mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is provided with a mounting groove (2), which is used to cooperate with external mounting parts to realize the positioning and installation of the housing (1); the antenna interface (12) is a coaxial connector structure and is located on one side of the housing (1).

3. A mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control panel (3) and the housing (1) are detachably connected. The control panel (3) is used to support the coarse adjustment knob (10) and the fine adjustment knob (11) and form a protective cover for the inside of the housing (1).

4. A mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead screw (8) and the magnetic core rod (5) are connected by a threaded pair or nut seat structure, so that when the lead screw (8) rotates, it drives the magnetic core rod (5) to make axial linear motion.

5. A mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting plate (7) is provided inside the housing (1). The limiting plate (7) is used to limit the axial movement of the magnetic core rod (5) to prevent the magnetic core rod (5) from overtraveling.

6. A mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting plate (7) divides the interior of the housing (1) into an inductor cavity and a capacitor cavity. The first double-helix inductor (4) is located in the inductor cavity, and the variable capacitor (13) is located in the capacitor cavity, so as to reduce mutual coupling interference and improve tuning stability.

7. A mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting plate (9) is located inside the housing (1) and is used to fix the mounting positions of the variable capacitor (13) and the support screw (8).

8. A mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gearbox (15) is one of a planetary gear reduction mechanism, a worm gear reduction mechanism or a gear reduction mechanism, so that the output angular displacement of the fine adjustment knob (11) is reduced relative to the input angular displacement, thereby realizing the fine adjustment of the variable capacitor (13).

9. A mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse adjustment knob (10) and the fine adjustment knob (11) are respectively equipped with scale structures to realize the reproduction and recording of the tuning position.

10. A mid-wave antenna matching component based on a double-helix inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is provided with a mounting pin (14), which is used to cooperate with the external mounting hole to realize the quick positioning of the housing (1) and prevent rotation.

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