Communication method and apparatus, communication device, and readable storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a communication method, device, communication equipment and readable storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The communication method of the application embodiment comprises the following steps: a first device performs a first operation; wherein the first operation comprises at least one of the following: respectively sending a plurality of reader-to-device (R2D) signals to a plurality of second devices, and respectively receiving a plurality of device-to-reader (D2R) signals sent by the plurality of second devices; the R2D signal is a chirp spread spectrum (CSS) modulation signal; the D2R signal is a CSS modulation signal; each two R2D signals in the plurality of R2D signals have orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality, and each two D2R signals in the plurality of D2R signals have orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a communication method, apparatus, communication device, and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, Ambient IoT systems, powered by ambient energy, typically employ Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) to achieve device-to-reader (D2R) and / or reader-to-device (R2D) access. However, these access methods, which divide access into time slots, frequency domains, or orthogonal codes, result in low system resource utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a communication method, apparatus, communication device, and readable storage medium, which can solve the problem of low resource utilization in existing multiple access processes.

[0004] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, executed by a first device, the method comprising:

[0005] The first device performs the first operation;

[0006] The first operation includes at least one of the following: sending multiple reader-to-device R2D signals to multiple second devices respectively, and receiving multiple device-to-reader D2R signals sent by multiple second devices respectively;

[0007] The R2D signal is a chirped spread spectrum (CSS) modulated signal; the D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal; each pair of R2D signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, and each pair of D2R signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0008] Secondly, a communication method is provided, executed by a second device, the method comprising:

[0009] The second device performs a second operation; wherein the second operation includes at least one of the following: receiving an R2D signal sent by the first device, and sending a D2R signal to the first device;

[0010] The R2D signal is a CSS modulated signal, and the D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal; the plurality of second devices respectively receive the plurality of R2D signals sent by the first device, and each pair of R2D signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal; the plurality of second devices respectively send the plurality of D2R signals to the first device, and each pair of D2R signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0011] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, applied to a first device, comprising:

[0012] A first transceiver module is configured to perform a first operation; wherein the first operation includes at least one of the following: sending multiple reader-to-device R2D signals to multiple second devices respectively, and receiving multiple device-to-reader D2R signals sent by multiple second devices respectively;

[0013] The R2D signal is a CSS modulated signal; the D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal; each pair of R2D signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, and each pair of D2R signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0014] Fourthly, a communication device is provided for use in a second device, comprising:

[0015] The second transceiver module is used to perform a second operation; wherein the second operation includes at least one of the following: receiving an R2D signal sent by the first device and sending a D2R signal to the first device;

[0016] The R2D signal is a CSS modulated signal, and the D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal; the plurality of second devices respectively receive the plurality of R2D signals sent by the first device, and each pair of R2D signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal; the plurality of second devices respectively send the plurality of D2R signals to the first device, and each pair of D2R signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0017] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, the device being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0018] In a sixth aspect, a first device is provided, the first device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0019] In a seventh aspect, a first device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to perform a first operation; wherein the first operation includes at least one of the following: sending a plurality of reader-to-device R2D signals to a plurality of second devices respectively, and receiving a plurality of device-to-reader D2R signals sent by the plurality of second devices respectively; wherein the R2D signals are CSS modulated signals; wherein the D2R signals are CSS modulated signals; wherein every two R2D signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, and every two D2R signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0020] In an eighth aspect, a second device is provided, the second device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0021] A ninth aspect provides a second device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to perform a second operation; wherein the second operation includes at least one of the following: receiving an R2D signal sent by a first device, and sending a D2R signal to the first device; wherein the R2D signal is a CSS modulated signal, and the D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal; a plurality of second devices respectively receive a plurality of R2D signals sent by the first device, wherein every two R2D signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal; and the plurality of second devices respectively send a plurality of D2R signals to the first device, wherein every two D2R signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0022] In a tenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0023] Eleventhly, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising at least a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, and the second device is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0024] In a twelfth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run a program or instructions to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0025] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0026] According to the scheme of this application embodiment, a first device can send multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices and / or receive multiple D2R signals sent by multiple second devices. The R2D signals are CSS modulated signals, and the D2R signals are CSS modulated signals. Each pair of R2D signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, and each pair of D2R signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal. Therefore, by utilizing CSS modulation and the orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality of each pair of R2D / D2R signals, interference between multiple user / device signals during multiple access can be reduced, thereby improving system transmission efficiency, resource utilization, and system performance. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 1C , Figure 1D and Figure 1E This is a schematic diagram of a backscatter-based communication architecture in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the AIoT communication process in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of the frequency uplink mode of CSS modulation in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram of the frequency downlink mode of CSS modulation in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reference waveform of the CSS modulated signal under different function sweep modes in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0039] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as one in which the sender explicitly informs the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc., in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as one in which the receiver determines the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or makes a judgment and determines the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc., based on the judgment result.

[0040] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0041] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following will be described first.

[0042] Ambient IoT, also known as Ambient Power-Enabled Internet of Things (AIoT), is a new type of Internet of Things (IoT) service. AIoT devices are powered by energy harvesting; they do not have batteries or have only limited energy storage capacity (e.g., using a capacitor). These devices have low overall power consumption, including low-power signal reception and low-power signal transmission. Because of their low overall power consumption, the energy for communication can come from the environment, such as wind power, kinetic energy, heat energy, and radio frequency (RF) signals. AIoT devices can also be called Ambient IoT devices, passive IoT devices, or responding devices.

[0043] Optionally, the network topology / communication architecture based on AIoT devices may include at least the following patterns:

[0044] (1) Topology 1: such as Figure 1A As shown, the system under Topology1 includes AIoT devices and a base station, with the AIoT devices communicating directly with the base station. The base station serves as both the sender of control commands / data in the R2D link and the receiver of signaling / data from the AIoT devices in the D2R link. The advantage of this architecture is its simplicity.

[0045] (2) Topology 2: such as Figure 1B As shown, in Topology 2, AIoT devices receive control signaling / data sent by intermediate nodes, while intermediate nodes also receive signaling / data sent by AIoT devices. Intermediate nodes communicate with network devices (such as base stations) via traditional Uu interfaces, exchanging data, control commands, and control information. These intermediate nodes can be User Equipment (UE), repeaters, IAB nodes, relay nodes, etc. Topology 2 addresses the insufficient uplink and downlink coverage shortcomings of Topology 1.

[0046] (3) Topology 3: Auxiliary nodes are introduced to assist AIoT devices and base stations in implementing control command / data transmission over the R2D link, or over the D2R link. For example... Figure 1C As shown, AIoT devices can send IoT data / uplink signaling to the base station and receive data / signaling sent by auxiliary nodes; or, as... Figure 1D As shown, AIoT devices can send IoT data / uplink signaling to auxiliary nodes and receive data / signaling sent by the base station. The base station and auxiliary nodes communicate via the Uu interface. The auxiliary node can be a UE, Repeater, IAB node, etc.

[0047] (4) Topology 4: such as Figure 1E As shown, the UE, acting as a reader, communicates with AIoT devices. The UE and AIoT devices can exchange control commands / data via R2D and D2R links. The advantage of this architecture is that it can operate independently of network device control, thus offering great deployment flexibility.

[0048] In one implementation, tags can be categorized based on their capabilities and sources:

[0049] -Device 1: The tag is a passive tag with no energy storage capacitor / battery. It is powered by radio frequency (RF) signals. The received RF signals are the power signals of the rectifier. It does not have carrier generation capability. It relies on RF as the radio frequency carrier for backscatter communication transmission. It has the lowest power consumption, about 1uW-10uW.

[0050] -Device 2a: The tag is a semi-passive tag with a storage capacitor / battery, powered by a non-RF signal; optionally, it has a PA / LNA or other active devices, but does not have carrier generation capability, and relies on RF as a radio frequency carrier for backscatter communication transmission. Its power consumption is slightly lower, about 100-200uW.

[0051] -Device 2b: The tag is an active tag with an energy storage capacitor / battery, powered by a non-RF signal, with carrier generation capability, and has the highest power consumption, approximately 200uW-500uW.

[0052] Optionally, for an AIoT system, there may be two links and channels: an R2D link and its corresponding PRDCH channel, which is the communication link and transmission channel from the Reader to the AIoT device; and a D2R link and its corresponding PDRCH channel, which is the communication link and transmission channel from the AIoT device to the Reader.

[0053] Optionally, some of the terms involved in AIoT are as follows:

[0054] -AIoT R2D: Reader-to-Device;

[0055] -AIoT D2R: Device-to-Reader;

[0056] -R2D transmission: The base station or intermediate node (such as UE) acts as a reader to transmit signals / data to AIoT devices;

[0057] -D2R transmission: AIoT devices transmit signals / data to a base station or intermediate node (such as a UE) that acts as a reader;

[0058] -PRDCH: Channel carrying R2D transmission;

[0059] -PDRCH: Channel carrying D2R transmission.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, a typical AIoT communication process includes the following steps:

[0061] Step A: AIoT paging, for example: The Reader sends a paging message based on the service request from the core network, which indicates the AIoT device that needs to respond.

[0062] Step B: D2R data transmission, which involves transmitting the AIoT device's identifier ID. For example, an AIoT device can transmit its ID through the AIoT random access procedure, such as via a random access message Msg1. Alternatively, the AIoT device may choose not to perform the random access procedure.

[0063] Step C1: Possible R2D data transmission; for example: the Reader transmits R2D data via Msg2, which may be a control command.

[0064] Step C2: Possible D2R data transmission; for example: AIoT devices transmit D2R data via Msg3, which may be a command response.

[0065] Optionally, performing some or all of the above steps can support indoor inventory and command business scenarios:

[0066] -For business scenarios that only perform inventory, only step A and step B need to be executed;

[0067] - For business scenarios involving executing inventory and command, this can be accomplished by executing step A, step B, step C1, and step C2;

[0068] - For business scenarios that only involve commands, it can be completed by executing step A, step B, step C1, and step C2; or it can be completed by executing step A and step C2. Step A includes the command, and step C2 includes the ID of the AIoT device and the response to the command. Step C2 is completed through random access or without the need for random access.

[0069] Step C3 (optional): Possible R2D data transmission, such as the Reader responding to D2R data transmission via Msg4, which includes ACK information, NACK information, etc.

[0070] Chirp modulation, also known as chirp spread spectrum (CSS) modulation, primarily uses a linear frequency modulated signal to carry information bits. Specifically, the frequency sweep mode of the CSS modulated signal is divided into up-chirp mode (e.g., ... Figure 3A (as shown) and frequency down-chirp mode (such as...) Figure 3B (As shown). When using uplink modulation, the frequency of the CSS modulated signal increases with time; when using downlink modulation, the frequency of the CSS modulated signal decreases with time. However, the frequency of the CSS modulated signal always changes periodically between the lowest sweep frequency / frequency point f1 and the highest sweep frequency / frequency point f2 according to a certain pattern, with a sweep bandwidth of BW = f2 - f1 and a sweep time of T. s The sweep slope is If we represent the chirp signal using baseband signals, then the up-chirp signal and the down-chirp signal can be represented as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Neither of the two chirp signals mentioned above, whether in up-chirp or down-chirp mode, can directly transmit information bits. Therefore, CSS modulation actually achieves different information transmission by changing the starting sweep frequency. Because the starting sweep frequency is changed, the linear frequency increase during the entire symbol sweep period will exceed the specified maximum sweep frequency f2 or minimum sweep frequency f1. In this case, CSS modulation stipulates that once the sweep frequency exceeds the maximum sweep frequency f2 or the minimum sweep frequency f1, the subsequent sweep frequency will be either subtracted from BW or added to BW.

[0073] Based on the parameters used in CSS modulation, several important parameters are defined, such as the spreading factor (SF), chirp, and symbol rate / chip rate, as explained below.

[0074] (1) Spreading factor SF:

[0075] The spreading factor represents the number of information bits contained in each symbol, which is equivalent to spreading one symbol to 2^35. SF Transmission occurs on individual chips, and different symbols are mapped to different CSS modulation initial frequencies. For example, with SF=2, a symbol can contain a maximum of 2 bits and can represent 2^32 / ... 2 = 4 values, such as 0 to 3, and the number of chips is 4. Taking up-chirp mode as an example, within one frequency rise cycle, the variable frequency range can be divided into 2SF Each code chip.

[0076] (2) Chirp rate, or symbol rate:

[0077] The chip rate, or transmission rate per chip, can be expressed as:

[0078] R c =BW

[0079] The transmission time for each chip is:

[0080]

[0081] Since each CSS symbol has 2 SF Therefore, the symbol transmission time is: (number of chips)

[0082]

[0083] Based on the above definition, the slope of the linear frequency increase in CSS modulation is:

[0084]

[0085] Assuming CSS modulation uses up-chirp mode, its baseband signal can be expressed as:

[0086]

[0087] Where f0 is the initial frequency. This represents the slope of the linear growth. For the reference up-chirp signal, For simplicity, the reference up-chirp signal can be denoted as:

[0088]

[0089] The CSS modulated signal can be a cyclically shifted frequency of a reference up-chirp signal, expressed as:

[0090] s(t;f n )=c(t;f n )w(t;0,t n )+c(t;f n -BW)w(t;t n ,T)

[0091] in, This is the starting sweep frequency for the CSS modulation symbols. w(t;t a ,t b ) is a rectangular window function, expressed as:

[0092]

[0093] Therefore, for a CSS modulation symbol carrying SF bits, it has 2 SF One selectable starting frequency sweep point.

[0094] In the receiving end, the receiving end utilizes the reference down-chirp signal c * (t) First, perform frequency mixing or despreading processing, such as using the following formula:

[0095]

[0096] In the mixing process, s′(t; f) is obtained. n After that, the receiving end performs Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculations and identifies the frequency peak positions in the frequency domain. The starting frequency point for frequency scanning is determined, and the input bits are finally obtained by demodulating the frequency point and the mapping relationship between the starting frequency point and the input bits.

[0097] Reading / writing devices (e.g., Reader, the first device): Handheld or fixed devices that read (and sometimes write) information from AIoT devices; they can also be understood as devices that communicate with tags. For example, a reading / writing device can be a terminal, an access network device such as a base station, or a device with read / write capabilities, such as a reader / writer; the specifics are not limited here. This reading / writing device can send carrier excitation signals and control commands, etc.

[0098] Response devices (e.g., AIoT devices, second devices): Response devices can transmit signals via backscattered RF signals or by autonomously generating carrier signals. For example, the energy of a response device can come from the environment, such as ambient RF energy, heat, wind power, or kinetic energy; therefore, a response device can also be called an AIoT device. A response device can be considered a terminal and can be called a terminal device. In one possible implementation, the response device can be an active, passive, or semi-active tag.

[0099] The transmission from a first device (e.g., a Reader) to a second device (e.g., an AIoT Device) can be simplified as an R2D transmission. This R2D transmission typically includes signals for acquiring timing (e.g., a timing acquisition signal), such as an R2D preamble. Optional R2D preambles may also include a start indicator. The R2D transmission may also include a clock acquisition section, such as an R2D midamble. Optional R2D midambles may also include a frequency synchronization signal. The R2D transmission may also include at least one physical channel (PRDCH) for carrying data and / or control information. The R2D transmission may also include a terminator, such as an R2D postamble. The R2D preamble, R2D midamble, and R2D postamble are specific sequences and may be the same or different sequences.

[0100] Optionally, the R2D transmission may employ CSS modulation or CSS hybrid modulation. The R2D transmission may use line code, such as Manchester encoding or PIE encoding. The preamble in the R2D transmission may include one or more sub-parts, with the first sub-part having a different pattern from the other parts. For example, the first sub-part might be a start indicator used to determine the start of the PRDCH, and the second sub-part might be a clock acquisition part used to determine the chip length of the PRDCH.

[0101] The transmission from a second device (such as an AIoT device) to a first device (such as a reader) can be simplified as a D2R transmission. The D2R transmission typically includes signals for acquiring timing (such as a timing acquisition signal), for example, a D2R Preamble; an optional D2R Preamble may also include a start indicator. The D2R transmission may also include a clock acquisition part, such as a D2R Midamble; an optional D2R Midamble may also include a frequency synchronization signal. The D2R transmission may also include at least one physical channel (PDRCH) for carrying data and / or control information. The D2R transmission may also include a terminator, such as a D2R Postamble. The D2R Preamble, D2R Midamble, and D2R Postamble are specific sequences and may be the same or different sequences.

[0102] Optionally, the D2R transmission can employ CSS modulation or CSS hybrid modulation. The D2R transmission can use line code, such as FM0 encoding or Miller encoding; the D2R transmission can also use forward error correction (FEC) coding. The D2R transmission can also use repetition coding or repetition transmission. Repetition transmission can be bit-level repetition or transport block-level repetition. It should be noted that the R2D and D2R transmissions do not necessarily both rely on CSS modulation or CSS hybrid modulation, but when the R2D and / or D2R transmissions use the multiple access transmission scheme of this method, CSS modulation or CSS hybrid modulation is required.

[0103] Optionally, the solution in this application can be applied to 5G NR systems and NR evolution systems, such as 6G systems and Ambient IoT systems involved in 6G evolution systems, including Device types such as Device 1, Device 2a, Device 2b, or other AIoT Device types. Furthermore, the communication architecture to which the solution in this application is applicable may include, but is not limited to, [other types]. Figures 1A to 1E The topology shown.

[0104] The communication methods, apparatus, communication devices, and readable storage media provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0105] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4This is a flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed by a first device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0106] Step 41: The first device performs a first operation; the first operation includes at least one of the following: sending multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices respectively, and receiving multiple D2R signals sent by multiple second devices respectively.

[0107] In this embodiment, the first device can be referred to as a read / write device, which can be understood as a device that communicates with the tag, such as a reader. The first device can be a terminal device or an access network device (e.g., a base station), etc., and is not specifically limited here. The second device can be referred to as a response device, such as an AIoT device. For example, the second device can be an active, passive, or semi-active tag.

[0108] The R2D signal is a CSS modulated signal. Each pair of R2D signals exhibits orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality, meaning that R2D signals transmitted to different second devices based on CSS modulation are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal. For example, orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality of different R2D signals can be achieved based on different sweep bandwidths, different spreading factors, different sweep modes, and different sweep functions.

[0109] The D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal. Each pair of D2R signals exhibits orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality, meaning that D2R signals transmitted by different second devices based on CSS modulation are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal. For example, orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality of different D2R signals can be achieved based on different sweep bandwidths, different spreading factors, different sweep modes, and different sweep functions.

[0110] In one embodiment, the first operation may only include the first device sending multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices respectively. In this case, the R2D signals are CSS modulated signals, and every two R2D signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal. In this scenario, the corresponding D2R signals are not limited; that is, the corresponding D2R signals may or may not be CSS modulated signals, and every two D2R signals may be orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, or every two D2R signals may not be orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0111] In another implementation, the first operation may simply involve the first device receiving multiple D2R signals sent by multiple second devices. In this case, the D2R signals are CSS modulated signals, and every two D2R signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal. In this scenario, the corresponding R2D signals are not limited; that is, the corresponding R2D signals may or may not be CSS modulated signals, and every two R2D signals may be orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, or every two D2R signals may not be orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0112] In another embodiment, the first operation simultaneously includes the first device sending multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices and receiving multiple D2R signals sent by multiple second devices; in this case, both the R2D signals and the D2R signals are CSS modulated signals, and every two R2D signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, and every two D2R signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0113] The solution implemented in this application reduces interference between multiple user / device signals during multiple access by leveraging CSS modulation and the orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality of every two R2D / D2R signals, thereby improving system transmission efficiency, resource utilization, and system performance. Furthermore, it can reduce scheduling latency in AIoT systems or improve system resource utilization, supporting multiple access for a large number of AIoT devices.

[0114] Optionally, the R2D signal may only include information and not R2D control signals. For example, when the message type of the R2D signal is Msg4, the R2D signal only carries acknowledgment (ACK) and negative acknowledgment (NACK) information. Furthermore, the R2D signal may at least include R2D control signals, and optionally carry other control commands or device identifiers, such as a Device identifier. For example, when the message type of the R2D signal is Msg2, the R2D signal at least carries the control command for the Device to send Msg3, which includes configuring or indicating signal parameters during D2R signal transmission.

[0115] Optionally, the R2D signal can be transmitted via the PRDCH channel. For example, the R2D signal can be transmitted via the PRDCH channel together with at least one of the Preamble, Midamble, and Postamble signals. Alternatively, the transmission of the R2D signal may require carrying a device identifier associated with the second device or a sequence associated with the second device, or the R2D signal may need to be scrambled with a scrambling code or Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) associated with the second device.

[0116] Optionally, the D2R signal can be transmitted via the PDRCH channel. For example, the D2R signal can be transmitted via the PDRCH channel together with at least one of the Preamble, Midamble, and Postamble signals. Alternatively, the transmission of the D2R signal may require carrying a device identifier associated with the second device or a sequence associated with the second device, or the D2R signal may require scrambling with a scrambling code or RNTI associated with the second device.

[0117] Optionally, the plurality of R2D signals may satisfy at least one of the following:

[0118] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals is different;

[0119] The spreading factors of different R2D signals are different;

[0120] The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals;

[0121] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different R2D signals are different;

[0122] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0123] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0124] The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different;

[0125] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different;

[0126] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0127] The symbol period or chip period of the different R2D signals are different;

[0128] The sweep mode varies depending on the R2D signal; for example, the sweep mode can be an up-chirp mode (such as...). Figure 3A (as shown) or frequency down-chirp mode (such as...) Figure 3B (as shown);

[0129] The sweep function type varies depending on the R2D signal; for example, the sweep function type includes linear functions and nonlinear sweep functions, and the nonlinear sweep function can be selected as, but is not limited to, polynomial functions, exponential functions, power functions, trigonometric functions, etc.

[0130] The frequency sweep pattern of different R2D signals is different; the frequency sweep pattern is related to the number of frequency sweeps and the frequency sweeps, such as including the index of each frequency sweep.

[0131] Understandably, different R2D signals will have at least one different signal parameter. By properly setting the parameters of different R2D signals, it is possible to make the waveforms of different R2D signals orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, thereby reducing interference between signals of multiple users / devices during multiple access, and thus improving the transmission efficiency and resource utilization of the system.

[0132] Optionally, the different D2R signals have at least one different signal parameter. The plurality of D2R signals can satisfy at least one of the following:

[0133] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals is different;

[0134] The spreading factors of the different D2R signals are different;

[0135] The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals;

[0136] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different D2R signals are different;

[0137] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of the different D2R signals are different;

[0138] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different;

[0139] The sweep minimum frequency or sweep minimum frequency point of the different D2R signals are different;

[0140] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of the different D2R signals are different;

[0141] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different;

[0142] The symbol period or chip period of the different D2R signals are different;

[0143] The sweep mode varies depending on the specific D2R signal; for example, the sweep mode can be an up-chirp mode (such as...). Figure 3A (as shown) or frequency down-chirp mode (such as...) Figure 3B (as shown);

[0144] The sweep function type varies depending on the D2R signal; for example, the sweep function type includes linear functions and nonlinear sweep functions, and the nonlinear sweep function can be selected as, but is not limited to, polynomial functions, exponential functions, power functions, trigonometric functions, etc.

[0145] The frequency sweep pattern of different D2R signals is different; the frequency sweep pattern is related to the number of frequency sweep points and the frequency sweep points, such as including the index of each frequency sweep point.

[0146] Understandably, different D2R signals will have at least one different signal parameter. By properly setting the parameters of different D2R signals, it is possible to make the waveforms of different D2R signals orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, thereby reducing interference between signals of multiple users / devices during multiple access, thus improving the transmission efficiency of the system, and consequently improving resource utilization and system performance.

[0147] Optionally, the scheme in this application can support multiple second devices to transmit D2R signals on the same time-frequency resources or consecutively close time-frequency resources, and / or support the first device to transmit R2D signals to multiple second devices on the same time-frequency resources or consecutively close time-frequency resources. Performing the first operation described above may include at least one of the following:

[0148] (1) The first device sends multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices on a first resource, wherein the first resource is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block; the time-domain related parameters include, but are not limited to, the start chip, start symbol, start time slot, start frame, chip length, symbol length, time slot length, frame length, signal length, number of repeated transmissions, etc.

[0149] (2) The first device sends multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices on the second resource, wherein the second resource is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block; the frequency domain related parameters include, for example, the bandwidth part (BWP), resource block group, physical resource block, frequency point, signal bandwidth, center frequency, center frequency point, etc.

[0150] (3) The first device receives multiple D2R signals sent by multiple second devices on the third resource, wherein the third resource is one of the following: the same time domain resource, consecutive time domain resources, or a time domain resource block; the time domain related parameters include information such as signal frame identifier, signal subframe identifier, time slot identifier, symbol identifier, signal length, and number of repetitions.

[0151] (4) The first device receives multiple D2R signals sent by multiple second devices on the fourth resource, wherein the fourth resource is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block; the frequency domain related parameters include information such as BWP, frequency point, signal bandwidth, center frequency, and center frequency point.

[0152] It should be noted that (1) and (2) above can be satisfied simultaneously. For example, the first device can send multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices on the same time domain resources and frequency domain resources respectively; or, the first device can send multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices on the same time domain resources and consecutive frequency domain resources respectively; or, the first device can send multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices on consecutive time domain resources and the same frequency domain resources respectively; or, the first device can send multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices on a time-frequency domain resource block respectively; and so on.

[0153] The above (3) and (4) can be satisfied simultaneously. For example, the first device can receive multiple D2R signals sent by multiple second devices on the same time domain resources and frequency domain resources respectively; or, the first device can receive multiple D2R signals sent by multiple second devices on the same time domain resources and consecutive frequency domain resources respectively; or, the first device can receive multiple D2R signals sent by multiple second devices on consecutive time domain resources and the same frequency domain resources respectively; or, the first device can receive multiple D2R signals sent by multiple second devices on a time-frequency domain resource block respectively; and so on.

[0154] In this embodiment, the first device transmits R2D signals using parameter indication information of the R2D signal. The aforementioned transmission of multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices may include:

[0155] The first device sends multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices based on the obtained first information; the first information is parameter information related to the R2D signals, and the first information may include at least one of the following:

[0156] 1) Time-domain related parameters for each R2D signal; for example, these time-domain related parameters may include, but are not limited to, information such as start chip, start symbol, start time slot, start frame, chip length, symbol length, time slot length, frame length, signal length, and number of repeated transmissions;

[0157] 2) Frequency domain related parameters for each R2D signal; for example, these frequency domain related parameters may include, but are not limited to, information such as BWP, resource block group, physical resource block, frequency point, signal bandwidth, center frequency, and center frequency point.

[0158] 3) CSS modulation parameters for each R2D signal;

[0159] 4) The encoding method for each R2D signal; for example, the encoding method includes FEC encoding, line encoding, etc.

[0160] 5) The coding rate of each R2D signal;

[0161] 6) The coding modulation index for each R2D signal; this coding modulation index indicates the corresponding coding modulation information, such as the CSS modulation parameters, coding scheme and / or coding rate of each R2D signal;

[0162] 7) Transmission power of each R2D signal.

[0163] Using the first piece of information mentioned above, a corresponding R2D signal can be generated and sent to each second device.

[0164] Optionally, the CSS modulation parameters of each R2D signal may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following:

[0165] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbol of each R2D signal;

[0166] Spreading factor for each R2D signal;

[0167] The number of starting sweep frequency points in the CSS symbol of each R2D signal;

[0168] The number of bits carried by the CSS symbol in each R2D signal;

[0169] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of each R2D signal;

[0170] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of each R2D signal;

[0171] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point for each R2D signal;

[0172] The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the sweep for each R2D signal;

[0173] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of each R2D signal sweep;

[0174] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point for each R2D signal;

[0175] The symbol period or chip period of each R2D signal;

[0176] Frequency sweep mode for each R2D signal;

[0177] The frequency sweep function for each R2D signal;

[0178] The mapping relationship between the starting sweep frequency point for modulation and the information bits in the CSS symbol of each R2D signal.

[0179] Optionally, the first information may satisfy at least one of the following:

[0180] (a) The first information is configured or indicated by the core network equipment; for example, the core network equipment can configure or indicate the relevant parameters of the R2D signal through Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Non-Access Stratum (NAS) signaling, Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC CE), Downlink Control Information (DCI), etc.; for example, when configuring or indicating the relevant parameters of the R2D signal through RRC signaling or NAS signaling, time-domain relevant parameters can be indicated through the time-domain relevant parameter indication field, or frequency-domain relevant parameters can be indicated through the frequency-domain relevant parameter indication field, or CSS modulation parameters can be indicated through the CSS modulation parameter indication field, etc.

[0181] (b) The first information is configured or indicated by the access network equipment; for example, the access network equipment can configure or indicate the relevant parameters of the R2D signal through RRC signaling, MACCE, DCI, etc.

[0182] (c) The first information is pre-configured by the network;

[0183] (d) The first information is agreed upon in the agreement.

[0184] It should be noted that when the first device receives multiple D2R signals sent by multiple second devices, it can receive the D2R signals according to the relevant parameters of the configured / indicated D2R signals (such as time-domain related parameters, frequency-domain related parameters, etc.), or it can receive the D2R signals according to the relevant parameters of the D2R signals pre-configured by the network or agreed by the protocol (such as time-domain related parameters, frequency-domain related parameters, etc.), without any limitation.

[0185] In this embodiment, the first device can select pre-configured or protocol-defined signal parameters of the R2D signal to send the R2D signal based on the message type, message size, etc., or select signal parameters configured or indicated by the core network / access network equipment to send the R2D signal. Sending multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices respectively can include:

[0186] The first device sends multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices based on the obtained second information; wherein the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0187] The message type of each R2D signal;

[0188] Message size of each R2D signal;

[0189] The device type of each second device.

[0190] Optionally, the first device sending multiple R2D signals to multiple second devices based on the obtained second information may include at least one of the following:

[0191] ① When the first condition is met, the first device sends the R2D signal to the second device corresponding to the R2D signal according to the candidate parameters of the R2D signal (which can also be a set of candidate parameters) pre-configured (e.g., network / system pre-configuration) or agreed by the protocol; wherein, the first condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the R2D signal is Msg2, the message size of the R2D signal is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the second device corresponding to the R2D signal is a passive device (e.g., Device 1) or a semi-passive device (e.g., Device 2a); the first threshold can be preset based on actual needs; in this way, when the message size of the R2D signal is small or the capability of the second device is limited, the candidate parameters of the pre-configured or agreed by the protocol of the R2D signal can be selected to send the R2D signal, thereby simplifying the signal transmission process;

[0192] ② When the second condition is met, the first device sends the R2D signal to the second device corresponding to the R2D signal according to the signal parameters of the R2D signal configured or indicated by the third device; wherein, the third device includes at least one of the following: application server, core network device, access network device; the second condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the R2D signal is Msg4 or MsgB, the message size of the R2D signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the second device corresponding to the R2D signal is an active device (such as Device 2b); the second threshold can be preset based on actual needs; in this way, when the message size of the R2D signal is large and the capability of the second device is strong, the signal parameters of the R2D signal configured or indicated by the core network / access network device can be selected to send the R2D signal, thereby enabling more flexible signal transmission scheduling.

[0193] It should be noted that the candidate parameters of the pre-configured or protocol-agreed R2D signal can be as shown in the first information above, and the signal parameters of the configured or indicated R2D signal can be as shown in the first information above, which will not be repeated here.

[0194] In addition to ① and ② mentioned above, the first device can also select the parameters for sending the R2D signal according to its own circumstances. For example, when the message type of the R2D signal is Msg2, the first device can send the R2D signal according to the signal parameters of the R2D signal configured or indicated by the core network / access network equipment; it can also send the R2D signal according to the candidate parameters of the pre-configured or protocol-agreed R2D signal when the message type of the R2D signal is MIB / SIB / Msg4 / MsgB; it can also send the R2D signal to the second device when the second device is Device 1 or Device 2a according to the signal parameters of the R2D signal configured or indicated by the core network / access network equipment; it can also send the R2D signal according to the candidate parameters of the pre-configured or protocol-agreed R2D signal when the second device is Device 2b.

[0195] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed by a second device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0196] Step 51: The second device performs a second operation; the second operation includes at least one of the following: receiving an R2D signal sent by the first device, and sending a D2R signal to the first device.

[0197] In this embodiment, the first device can be referred to as a read / write device, which can be understood as a device that communicates with the tag, such as a reader. The first device can be a terminal device or an access network device (such as a base station), etc., and is not specifically limited here. The second device can be referred to as a response device, such as an AIoT device. For example, the second device can be an active, passive, or semi-active tag.

[0198] The R2D signal is a CSS modulated signal. Multiple second devices receive multiple R2D signals sent by the first device. Each pair of R2D signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal; that is, R2D signals sent to different second devices based on CSS modulation are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal. For example, the orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality of different R2D signals can be achieved based on different sweep bandwidths, different spreading factors, different sweep modes, and different sweep functions.

[0199] The D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal. Multiple second devices send multiple D2R signals to the first device, and each pair of D2R signals exhibits orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality. For example, the orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality of different D2R signals can be achieved based on different sweep bandwidths, different spreading factors, different sweep modes, and different sweep functions.

[0200] The scheme implemented in this application can reduce interference between multiple user / device signals during multiple access by utilizing CSS modulation and the orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality of every two R2D / D2R signals, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the system and thus improving resource utilization and system performance.

[0201] Optionally, the plurality of R2D signals may satisfy at least one of the following:

[0202] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals is different;

[0203] The spreading factors of different R2D signals are different;

[0204] The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals;

[0205] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different R2D signals are different;

[0206] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0207] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0208] The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different;

[0209] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different;

[0210] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0211] The symbol period or chip period of the different R2D signals are different;

[0212] The sweep mode varies depending on the R2D signal; for example, the sweep mode can be an up-chirp mode (such as...). Figure 3A (as shown) or frequency down-chirp mode (such as...) Figure 3B (as shown);

[0213] The sweep function type varies depending on the R2D signal; for example, the sweep function type includes linear functions and nonlinear sweep functions, and the nonlinear sweep function can be selected as, but is not limited to, polynomial functions, exponential functions, power functions, trigonometric functions, etc.

[0214] The frequency sweep pattern of different R2D signals is different; the frequency sweep pattern is related to the number of frequency sweep points and the frequency sweep points, such as including the index of each frequency sweep point.

[0215] Understandably, different R2D signals will have at least one different signal parameter. By properly setting different R2D signal parameters, the waveforms of different R2D signals can be made orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, thereby reducing interference between signals of multiple users / devices during multiple access, and thus improving the transmission efficiency and resource utilization of the system.

[0216] Optionally, the different D2R signals have at least one different signal parameter. The plurality of D2R signals can satisfy at least one of the following:

[0217] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals is different;

[0218] The spreading factors of the different D2R signals are different;

[0219] The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals;

[0220] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different D2R signals are different;

[0221] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of the different D2R signals are different;

[0222] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different;

[0223] The sweep minimum frequency or sweep minimum frequency point of the different D2R signals are different;

[0224] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of the different D2R signals are different;

[0225] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different;

[0226] The symbol period or chip period of the different D2R signals are different;

[0227] The sweep mode varies depending on the specific D2R signal; for example, the sweep mode can be an up-chirp mode (such as...). Figure 3A (as shown) or frequency down-chirp mode (such as...) Figure 3B (as shown);

[0228] The sweep function type varies depending on the D2R signal; for example, the sweep function type includes linear functions and nonlinear sweep functions, and the nonlinear sweep function can be selected as, but is not limited to, polynomial functions, exponential functions, power functions, trigonometric functions, etc.

[0229] The frequency sweep pattern of different D2R signals is different; the frequency sweep pattern is related to the number of frequency sweep points and the frequency sweep points, such as including the index of each frequency sweep point.

[0230] Understandably, different D2R signals will have at least one different signal parameter. By properly configuring different D2R signals, their waveforms can be made orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, thereby reducing interference between multiple user / device signals during multiple access and improving system transmission efficiency and resource utilization.

[0231] Optionally, the plurality of R2D signals may satisfy at least one of the following:

[0232] The multiple R2D signals are transmitted separately on a first resource, which is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block; the time-domain related parameters include, but are not limited to, the start chip, start symbol, start time slot, start frame, chip length, symbol length, time slot length, frame length, signal length, number of repeated transmissions, etc.

[0233] The multiple R2D signals are transmitted separately on a second resource, which is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block; the frequency domain related parameters include, for example, BWP, resource block group / set, physical resource block, frequency point, signal bandwidth, center frequency, center frequency point, etc.

[0234] And / or, the plurality of D2R signals can satisfy at least one of the following:

[0235] The multiple D2R signals are transmitted separately on a third resource, which is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block; the time-domain related parameters include information such as signal frame identifier, signal subframe identifier, time slot identifier, symbol identifier, signal length, and repetition count.

[0236] The multiple D2R signals are transmitted on a fourth resource, which is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block; the frequency domain related parameters include, for example, BWP, resource block group / set, physical resource block, frequency point, signal bandwidth, center frequency, center frequency point, etc.

[0237] In this embodiment, the second device transmits a D2R signal using parameter indication information of the D2R signal. Sending the D2R signal to the first device may include:

[0238] The second device sends the D2R signal to the first device based on the obtained third information; wherein the third information may include at least one of the following:

[0239] a) The time-domain related parameters of the D2R signal; for example, the time-domain related parameters may include, but are not limited to, the start chip, start symbol, start time slot, start frame, chip length, symbol length, time slot length, frame length, signal length, number of repeated transmissions, etc.

[0240] b) Frequency domain related parameters of the D2R signal; for example, these frequency domain related parameters may include, but are not limited to, information such as BWP, frequency point, signal bandwidth, center frequency, and center frequency point;

[0241] c) The CSS modulation parameters of the D2R signal;

[0242] d) The encoding method of the D2R signal; for example, the encoding method includes FEC encoding, line encoding, etc.

[0243] e) The coding rate of the D2R signal;

[0244] f) The coding and modulation index of the D2R signal; the coding and modulation index indicates the corresponding coding and modulation information, such as the CSS modulation parameters, coding method and / or coding rate of the D2R signal;

[0245] g) The transmission power of the D2R signal.

[0246] With the help of the second information mentioned above, a corresponding D2R signal can be generated and sent to the first device.

[0247] Optionally, the CSS modulation parameters of the D2R signal may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following:

[0248] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of the D2R signal;

[0249] The spreading factor of the D2R signal;

[0250] The number of starting sweep frequency points in the CSS symbol of the D2R signal;

[0251] The number of bits carried by the CSS symbol of the D2R signal;

[0252] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the D2R signal;

[0253] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of the D2R signal;

[0254] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of the D2R signal;

[0255] The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the D2R signal sweep;

[0256] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the D2R signal sweep;

[0257] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of the D2R signal;

[0258] The symbol period or chip period of the D2R signal;

[0259] The frequency sweep mode of the D2R signal;

[0260] The sweep function of the D2R signal;

[0261] The mapping relationship between the starting sweep frequency point for modulation and the information bits in the CSS symbol of the D2R signal.

[0262] Optionally, the third information may satisfy at least one of the following:

[0263] (A) The third information is configured or indicated by the second device; for example, the first device (such as a Reader) can send signal parameter indication information of the D2R signal through paging signals, R2D control signals or control commands in the PRDCH channel (such as Select command, Query command, etc.);

[0264] (B) The third information is pre-configured by the network;

[0265] (C) The third information is agreed upon in the agreement.

[0266] It should be noted that when the second device receives the R2D signal sent by the first device, it can receive the R2D signal according to the relevant parameters of the R2D signal configured / indicated by the second device (such as time-domain related parameters, frequency-domain related parameters, etc.), or it can receive the R2D signal according to the relevant parameters of the R2D signal pre-configured by the network or agreed by the protocol (such as time-domain related parameters, frequency-domain related parameters, etc.), and there is no limitation on this.

[0267] In this embodiment, the second device can select pre-configured or protocol-defined signal parameters of the D2R signal to send the D2R signal based on the message type, message size, etc., or select candidate parameters of the configured or indicated D2R signal to send the D2R signal. Sending the D2R signal to the first device may include:

[0268] The second device sends a D2R signal to the first device based on the obtained fourth information; wherein the fourth information includes at least one of the following:

[0269] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0270] The message size of the D2R signal;

[0271] The device type of the second device.

[0272] Optionally, the second device sending a D2R signal to the first device based on the obtained fourth information may include at least one of the following:

[0273] ③ When the third condition is met, the second device sends a D2R signal to the first device according to the candidate parameters of the D2R signal (which can also be a set of candidate parameters) pre-configured (e.g., network / system pre-configuration) or agreed upon by the protocol; wherein, the third condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the D2R signal is Msg1, the message size of the D2R signal is less than or equal to a third threshold; the second device is a passive device (e.g., Device 1) or a semi-passive device (e.g., Device 2a); the third threshold can be pre-set based on actual needs; in this way, when the message size of the D2R signal is small or the capability of the second device is limited, the candidate parameters of the pre-configured or agreed upon D2R signal can be selected to send the D2R signal, thereby simplifying the signal transmission process;

[0274] ④ When the fourth condition is met, the second device sends the D2R signal to the first device according to the signal parameters of the D2R signal configured or indicated by the first device; wherein, the fourth condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the D2R signal is Msg3 or MsgA, the message size of the D2R signal is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, and the first device is an active device (such as Device 2b); the fourth threshold can be preset based on actual needs; in this way, when the message size of the D2R signal is large and the capability of the second device is strong, the signal parameters of the configured or indicated D2R signal can be selected to send the D2R signal, thereby realizing signal transmission scheduling more flexibly.

[0275] It should be noted that the candidate parameters of the pre-configured or protocol-agreed D2R signal can be as shown in the third information above, and the signal parameters of the configured or indicated D2R signal can be as shown in the third information above, which will not be repeated here.

[0276] In addition to ③ and ④ mentioned above, the first device can also select the parameters for sending the R2D signal according to its own circumstances. For example, when the message type of the D2R signal is Msg1, the second device can send the D2R signal according to the signal parameters of the D2R signal configured or indicated by the Reader; when the message type of the D2R signal is Msg3 or MsgA, it can send the D2R signal according to the candidate parameters of the D2R signal pre-configured or agreed by the protocol; when the second device is Device 1 or Device 2a, it can send the D2R signal to the second device according to the signal parameters of the D2R signal configured or indicated by the Reader; when the second device is Device 2b, it can send the D2R signal according to the candidate parameters of the D2R signal pre-configured or agreed by the protocol.

[0277] The present application will now be described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0278] Example 1

[0279] In this first embodiment, a scheme for multiple access using different second devices (e.g., Devices) based on the same time-frequency resources is presented. This includes multiple Devices sending D2R signals such as Msg1 or Msg3 to a first device (e.g., Reader) based on the same time-frequency resources or consecutive time-frequency domain resources; and the Reader sending R2D signals such as Msg2 or Msg4 to multiple Devices based on the same time-frequency domain resources or consecutively close time-frequency domain resources. Since the scheme in this application is based on CSS modulation to achieve the transmission of D2R and / or R2D signals, and CSS modulated signals with different spreading factors, sweep slopes, sweep modes, and sweep function types have orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality, multiple D2R / R2D signals can be transmitted on the same time-frequency domain resources or consecutively close time-frequency domain resources (such as the same time-frequency resource block). Several schemes with different parameter configurations are given below.

[0280] (1) Same sweep frequency mode and sweep frequency function type.

[0281] Without loss of generality, taking the CSS modulated signal with a linear sweep function and an up-chirp sweep mode as an example, let's assume that the two CSS modulated signals are labeled as CSS... m (t) and CSS n (t) can be a D2R signal sent between the m-th and n-th devices, or an R2D signal sent by the Reader to the m-th and n-th devices. If CSS m (t) Modulation signal s m The spreading factor of (t) is SF m The frequency sweep range is BW.m The symbol period is The starting sweep frequency or frequency point within the symbol is f m CSS n (t) Modulation signal s n The spreading factor of (t) is SF n The frequency sweep range is BW. n The symbol period is The starting sweep frequency or frequency point within the symbol is f n And BW m =BW n Or BW m In BW n Within (BW m ≤BW n ), or BW n In BW m Within (BW n ≤BW m ), and define ξ = SF m -SF n f d =f n -f m τ is CSS m (t) and CSS n The delay of the two CSS symbols in (t) is then determined when the CSS... m (t) and CSS n When (t) satisfies the orthogonality conditions of CSS modulation in Table 1 below, the two CSS modulation signals satisfy the orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal characteristics.

[0282] Table 1

[0283]

[0284]

[0285] It should be noted that the above ∝ represents an infinite approximation to.

[0286] Furthermore, the Reader can configure or instruct different Devices to use appropriate spreading factors, sweep bandwidths, and starting sweep frequencies based on these orthogonality conditions. This ensures that the D2R signals transmitted by different Devices based on CSS modulation are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, allowing D2R signals to be transmitted on the same time-frequency domain resources or the same resource block (e.g., consecutive and adjacent time-frequency domain resources). For example, if the Reader configures or instructs different Devices to use the same sweep bandwidth, D2R signals can be transmitted on the same time-frequency resources; if the Reader configures or instructs different Devices to use different sweep bandwidths, D2R signals can be transmitted on the same resource block (e.g., consecutive and adjacent time-frequency domain resources), meaning that the D2R signal with the smaller sweep bandwidth is contained within the D2R signal with the larger sweep bandwidth.

[0287] Similarly, core network devices or access network devices can configure or instruct readers to use appropriate spreading factors, sweep bandwidths, and starting sweep frequencies based on these orthogonality conditions. This ensures that the CSS-modulated R2D signals sent to different devices are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, allowing R2D signals to be transmitted on the same time-frequency domain resources or the same resource block (e.g., consecutive and adjacent time-frequency domain resources). For example, if a reader is configured or instructed to use the same sweep bandwidth to send R2D signals to different devices, R2D signals can be transmitted on the same time-frequency resources. If a reader is configured or instructed to use different sweep bandwidths to send R2D signals to different devices, R2D signals can be transmitted on the same resource block (e.g., consecutive and adjacent time-frequency domain resources), meaning that R2D signals with smaller sweep bandwidths are included within R2D signals with larger sweep bandwidths.

[0288] (2) Same sweep function type, different sweep modes.

[0289] Besides configuring or indicating parameters such as spreading factor, sweep bandwidth, sweep slope, and starting sweep frequency, CSS modulated signals with different sweep modes also exhibit orthogonality. Assume two CSS modulated signals are labeled CSS... m (t) and CSS n (t) can be a D2R signal sent between the m-th and n-th devices, or an R2D signal sent by the Reader to the m-th and n-th devices. If CSS m (t) The modulation signal uses an up-chirp sweep frequency mode, CSS n (t) If the modulation signal adopts a down-chirp sweep frequency mode, then CSS m (t) Modulation signal and CSS n(t) The modulation signal can maintain orthogonality under any values ​​of spreading factor, sweep bandwidth, sweep slope, and starting sweep frequency.

[0290] (3) Different sweep frequency function types.

[0291] Besides configuring or indicating parameters such as spreading factor, sweep bandwidth, sweep slope, starting sweep frequency, and sweep mode, CSS modulated signals of different sweep function types also exhibit orthogonality. Assume two CSS modulated signals are labeled CSS... m (t) and CSS n (t) can be a D2R signal sent between the m-th and n-th devices, or an R2D signal sent by the Reader to the m-th and n-th devices. If CSS m (t) The frequency sweep function used for the modulation signal is frequency sweep function type 1, CSS n (t) The sweep function type of the modulated signal is sweep function type 2. Sweep function type 1 and sweep function type 2 are different, then CSS m (t) Modulation signal and CSS n (t) The modulation signal can guarantee orthogonality with any value of spreading factor, sweep bandwidth, sweep slope, starting sweep frequency, and sweep mode.

[0292] Optionally, the sweep function type can include linear functions and nonlinear sweep functions. The nonlinear sweep function can include polynomial functions, exponential functions, power functions, trigonometric functions, etc.

[0293] Taking seven D2R or R2D signals using different sweep function types as an example, Figure 6 Seven possible sweep function types are given, where f(·) represents the frequency-time relationship when the CSS modulated signal is the reference signal:

[0294] Linear function: f(t) = t;

[0295] Quadratic function type 1: f(t) = t 2 ;

[0296] Quadratic function type 2: f(t) = -t 2 +2t;

[0297] Quadratic function type 1: f(t) = t 4 ;

[0298] Quadratic function type 2: f(t) = -t 4 +4t 3 -6t 2 +4t;

[0299] sin function type 1: f(t) = sin(t),

[0300] Type 2 of sin function: f(t) = sin(t),

[0301] Taking D2R signals as an example, the Reader can configure or indicate the corresponding sweep function type and other corresponding CSS modulation parameters for D2R signal transmission for seven devices, and the waveforms of these seven different sweep function types are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal. Furthermore, if the Reader configures or indicates the use of the same sweep bandwidth for the seven devices, D2R signals can be transmitted on the same time-frequency resource; if the Reader configures or indicates the use of different sweep bandwidths for these seven different devices, D2R signals can be transmitted on the same resource block (such as consecutive and adjacent time-frequency domain resources), meaning that the D2R signal with the smaller sweep bandwidth is contained within the D2R signal with the larger sweep bandwidth.

[0302] Similarly, core network equipment or access network equipment can configure or instruct the Reader to specify the sweep function type and other corresponding CSS modulation parameters for the transmission of the seven R2D signals, and the waveforms of these seven different sweep function types are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal. For example, if the Reader is configured or instructed to send R2D signals to the seven Devices using the same sweep bandwidth, the R2D signals can be sent on the same time-frequency resource; if the Reader is configured or instructed to send R2D signals to the seven Devices using different sweep bandwidths, the R2D signals can be sent on the same resource block (such as consecutive and adjacent time-frequency domain resources), that is, the R2D signal with the smaller sweep bandwidth is included within the R2D signal with the larger sweep bandwidth.

[0303] It is worth noting that the frequency sweep function type in this embodiment is not limited to the frequency sweep function type mentioned above, but also includes other possible frequency sweep functions, as long as orthogonality can be maintained.

[0304] Based on the above scheme, the CSS modulation index table in Table 2 below can be provided to configure / instruct the modulation parameters for Device to perform D2R signal transmission and / or Reader to perform R2D transmission.

[0305] Table 2

[0306]

[0307] In Table 2 above, the sweep frequency pattern is related to the number and frequency points of the sweep. A simple implementation is to use either an odd-numbered or even-numbered sweep frequency pattern. For example, assuming the number of sweep frequency points is 8, then sweep frequency pattern 1 is {1,3,5,7}; sweep frequency pattern 2 is {2,4,6,7}. If two devices use the same sweep function, sweep mode, spreading factor, and number of sweep frequency points, but Device 1 uses sweep frequency pattern 1 and Device 2 uses sweep frequency pattern 2, then it can be guaranteed that the D2R signals transmitted by the two devices are orthogonal. Similarly, if the Reader uses the same sweep function, sweep mode, spreading factor, and number of sweep frequency points, but sends R2D signals to Device1 and Device2 with different sweep patterns, for example, the R2D signal sent to Device1 uses sweep frequency point pattern 1 and the R2D signal sent to Device2 uses sweep frequency point pattern 2, then it can also be guaranteed that the two R2D signals are orthogonal.

[0308] Furthermore, in Table 2 above, the total number of sweep frequencies corresponds to the spreading factor. If the spreading factor is 3, it means that a total of 8 sweep frequencies are needed within the CSS sweep range. However, the CSS modulated signal only uses a portion of these frequencies as the starting sweep frequencies; for example, sweep frequency pattern 1 is {1,3,5,7}, and sweep frequency pattern 2 is {2,4,6,7}. Of course, all sweep frequencies can also be used as the starting sweep frequencies, in which case the sweep pattern would be {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}. No limitations are imposed on the scheme in this application.

[0309] The sweep functions in Table 2 above can be any of the possible sweep functions described above. The sweep modes in Table 2 above include at least two types: up-chirp sweep mode and down-chirp sweep mode.

[0310] According to the modulation index table described in Table 2 above, when different CSS modulation indices are configured or indicated for different Devices, it can be guaranteed that the D2R signals generated by multiple Devices based on the modulation index table are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal. Similarly, when different CSS modulation indices are configured or indicated for the Reader to send R2D signals to different Devices, it can also be guaranteed that the generated multiple R2D signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0311] Example 2

[0312] This second embodiment mainly describes Msg1. When the message type of the D2R signal is Msg1, the Device needs to send its own EPC code or other device identification information to the Reader. Since the message size and format of Msg1 are the same and the data volume is small, different Devices can determine the signal parameters of the D2R signal according to the transmitted message type. For example, the signal parameters for sending D2R signals by different Devices can be a network / system pre-configured or protocol-defined set of D2R candidate parameters. The advantage is that, since the Device is in the paging and access process at this time, that is, the Device has not yet established a communication connection with the Reader, the Reader cannot or finds it difficult to make the Device send D2R signals by dynamically configuring or instructing the Device to send D2R signals; at this time, the Device can perform D2R transmission through the network / system pre-configured or protocol-defined set of D2R candidate parameters, thereby realizing D2R transmission. D2R signal transmission needs to carry a device identifier associated with the device, or a sequence associated with the device, or be scrambled by a scrambling code or RNTI associated with the device, so that the reader can distinguish the Msg1 sent by different devices.

[0313] Furthermore, within the pre-configured or protocol-defined D2R candidate parameter set of the network / system, different devices can autonomously determine their own D2R signal parameters, or determine them based on the association indication of Paging information. The network / system pre-configuration can randomly or according to certain rules configure different D2R signal parameter sets for different devices, or multiple D2R candidate parameter sets agreed upon by the protocol. Devices can autonomously determine their own D2R signal parameter sets by randomly selecting one of these sets. Through these methods, the D2R signal parameters determined by different devices will differ in at least one of the following: spreading factor, sweep bandwidth, sweep slope, starting sweep frequency, sweep mode, and sweep function type. This ensures orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality between different D2R signals, enabling multiple devices to transmit Msg1 on the same or closely spaced time-frequency resources, thereby significantly improving inventory or access efficiency.

[0314] Example 3

[0315] This third embodiment mainly describes Msg3. When the message type of the D2R signal is Msg3, the Device needs to send data information to the Reader, such as sensor data, positioning data, or other communication data. Since the message size and format of Msg3 may be different, and the data volume is larger than that of Msg1, and the Device has already completed the paging and access process with the Reader, the Reader can configure or indicate the respective D2R signal parameters for different Devices through the R2D signal, that is, schedule different Devices to send Msg3 through scheduling. D2R signal transmission needs to carry the device identifier associated with the Device, or the sequence associated with the Device, or be scrambled by the scrambling code or RNTI associated with the Device, so that the Reader can distinguish the Msg3 sent by different Devices.

[0316] Furthermore, the Reader can configure or instruct different Devices on their respective D2R signal parameters using R2D control signals or control commands (such as Select and Query commands) in the PRDCH channel. These commands contain signal parameter indication information for D2R signal transmission on different Devices. The D2R signal parameters configured or instructed for different Devices must differ in at least one of the following: spreading factor, sweep bandwidth, sweep slope, starting sweep frequency, sweep mode, and sweep function type, to ensure orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality between D2R signals.

[0317] Optionally, the Reader can also carry signal parameter indication information for D2R signal transmission between different Devices in Msg2, thereby enabling multiple Devices to send Msg3 on the same time-frequency resources or consecutive and similar time-frequency resources, which greatly improves the data transmission efficiency in the AIoT system.

[0318] Optionally, if multiple devices send messages of type MsgA, D2R signals can be sent in the manner of message type Msg1 or Msg3. The specific process is as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0319] Example 4

[0320] This fourth embodiment mainly describes Msg2. When the message type of the R2D signal is Msg2, the Reader needs to send corresponding control commands to the Device, such as Select, Query, Kill commands, etc., or send information such as Random Access Response Uplink Grant (RAR UL Grant), or send signal parameter indication information for D2R signal transmission. Since the message size and message format of the Msg2 message may be different, the Reader can perform R2D transmission according to the R2D signal parameters configured or indicated by the core network device or access network device; or perform D2R transmission according to the R2D candidate parameter set pre-configured by the network / system or agreed by the protocol; or select one of the multiple R2D candidate parameter sets pre-configured by the network / system or agreed by the protocol for D2R transmission. Furthermore, the core network device or access network device can configure or indicate the R2D signal parameters through RRC signaling, NAS signaling, MAC CE, DCI, etc.

[0321] Optionally, the R2D signals sent by the Reader to different Devices need to carry a device identifier associated with the Device, or a sequence associated with the Device, or be scrambled using a scrambling code or RNTI associated with the Device, so that the Device can parse its respective Msg2 information. The parameters of the R2D signals sent to different Devices by the Reader, configured or indicated to it, must differ in at least one of the following: spreading factor, sweep bandwidth, sweep slope, starting sweep frequency, sweep mode, and sweep function type. This ensures the orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality between the D2R signals, enabling the Reader to send Msg2 to different Devices on the same or closely spaced time-frequency resources, thereby significantly reducing scheduling latency.

[0322] The same method can be extended to the R2D signal message type Msg4. This allows the Reader to send Msg4 messages to different Devices on the same or closely spaced time-frequency resources, thus significantly reducing feedback latency.

[0323] The same method can be extended to R2D signals with the message type MsgB. This allows the Reader to send MsgB messages to different Devices on the same or closely spaced time-frequency resources, significantly reducing feedback latency.

[0324] The same method can be extended to R2D signals with MIB / SIB messages. This allows the Reader to send MIB / SIB messages to different Devices on the same or closely spaced time-frequency resources, significantly reducing feedback latency.

[0325] The communication method provided in this application can be executed by a communication device. This application uses the example of a communication device executing the communication method to illustrate the communication device provided in this application.

[0326] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The device is applied to a first device, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the communication device 70 includes:

[0327] A first transceiver module 71 is configured to perform a first operation; wherein the first operation includes at least one of the following: sending a plurality of reader-to-device R2D signals to a plurality of second devices respectively, and receiving a plurality of device-to-reader D2R signals sent by a plurality of second devices respectively; wherein the R2D signals are CSS modulated signals; wherein the D2R signals are CSS modulated signals; wherein every two R2D signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, and every two D2R signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0328] Optionally, the first transceiver module 71 is specifically configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0329] Multiple R2D signals are sent to the plurality of second devices on a first resource, wherein the first resource is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block;

[0330] Multiple R2D signals are sent to the plurality of second devices on a second resource, wherein the second resource is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block;

[0331] Multiple D2R signals sent by the multiple second devices are received on a third resource, wherein the third resource is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block;

[0332] Multiple D2R signals sent by the multiple second devices are received on the fourth resource, wherein the fourth resource is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block.

[0333] Optionally, the plurality of R2D signals satisfy at least one of the following:

[0334] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals is different;

[0335] The spreading factors of different R2D signals are different;

[0336] The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals;

[0337] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different R2D signals are different;

[0338] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0339] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0340] The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different;

[0341] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different;

[0342] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0343] The symbol period or chip period of the different R2D signals are different;

[0344] The sweep frequency modes of the different R2D signals are different;

[0345] The sweep function types for the different R2D signals are different;

[0346] The frequency sweep patterns of different R2D signals are different.

[0347] Optionally, the plurality of D2R signals satisfy at least one of the following:

[0348] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals is different;

[0349] The spreading factors of the different D2R signals are different;

[0350] The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals;

[0351] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different D2R signals are different;

[0352] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of the different D2R signals are different;

[0353] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different;

[0354] The sweep minimum frequency or sweep minimum frequency point of the different D2R signals are different;

[0355] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of the different D2R signals are different;

[0356] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different;

[0357] The symbol period or chip period of the different D2R signals are different;

[0358] The sweep frequency modes of the different D2R signals are different;

[0359] The sweep function types for the different D2R signals are different;

[0360] The frequency sweep patterns of different D2R signals are different.

[0361] Optionally, the first transceiver module 71 is specifically used to: send multiple R2D signals to the multiple second devices respectively according to the obtained first information;

[0362] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0363] Time-domain correlation parameters for each of the R2D signals;

[0364] Frequency domain correlation parameters for each of the R2D signals;

[0365] CSS modulation parameters for each of the R2D signals;

[0366] The encoding method of each of the R2D signals;

[0367] The coding rate of each of the R2D signals;

[0368] The coding modulation index of each of the R2D signals;

[0369] The transmission power of each of the R2D signals.

[0370] Optionally, the first information satisfies at least one of the following:

[0371] The first information is configured or indicated by the core network equipment;

[0372] The first information is configured or indicated by the access network device;

[0373] The first information is pre-configured by the network;

[0374] The first piece of information is as agreed upon in the agreement.

[0375] Optionally, the CSS modulation parameters of each R2D signal include at least one of the following:

[0376] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of each R2D signal;

[0377] Spreading factor for each of the R2D signals;

[0378] The number of starting sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of each R2D signal;

[0379] The number of bits carried by each CSS symbol of the R2D signal;

[0380] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of each of the R2D signals;

[0381] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of each of the R2D signals;

[0382] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of each of the R2D signals;

[0383] The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the sweep for each of the R2D signals;

[0384] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep for each of the R2D signals;

[0385] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point for each of the R2D signals;

[0386] The symbol period or chip period of each of the R2D signals;

[0387] The frequency sweep mode of each of the R2D signals;

[0388] The frequency sweep function for each of the R2D signals;

[0389] The mapping relationship between the starting sweep frequency point for modulation and the information bits in the CSS symbols of each R2D signal.

[0390] Optionally, the first transceiver module 71 is specifically used to: send multiple R2D signals to the multiple second devices respectively according to the obtained second information;

[0391] The second information includes at least one of the following:

[0392] The message type of each of the R2D signals;

[0393] The message size of each of the R2D signals;

[0394] The device type of each of the second devices.

[0395] Optionally, the first transceiver module 71 is specifically configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0396] When the first condition is met, the R2D signal is sent to the second device corresponding to the R2D signal according to the candidate parameters of the R2D signal pre-configured or agreed upon in the protocol; wherein, the first condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the R2D signal is Msg2, the message size of the R2D signal is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the second device corresponding to the R2D signal is a passive device or a semi-passive device.

[0397] When the second condition is met, the R2D signal is sent to the second device corresponding to the R2D signal according to the signal parameters of the R2D signal configured or indicated by the third device; wherein the third device includes at least one of the following: application server, core network device, access network device; the second condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the R2D signal is Msg4 or MsgB, the message size of the R2D signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the second device corresponding to the R2D signal is an active device.

[0398] The communication device 70 provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 4 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments shown achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0399] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. This device is applied to a second device, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the communication device 80 includes:

[0400] The second transceiver module 81 is used to perform a second operation; wherein the second operation includes at least one of the following: receiving an R2D signal sent by a first device and sending a D2R signal to the first device; wherein the R2D signal is a CSS modulated signal and the D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal; wherein a plurality of second devices respectively receive a plurality of R2D signals sent by the first device, wherein every two R2D signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal; wherein the plurality of second devices respectively send a plurality of D2R signals to the first device, wherein every two D2R signals are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0401] Optionally, the plurality of R2D signals satisfy at least one of the following:

[0402] The plurality of R2D signals are transmitted separately on a first resource, which is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block;

[0403] The plurality of R2D signals are transmitted separately on a second resource, which is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block;

[0404] And / or, the plurality of D2R signals satisfy at least one of the following:

[0405] The multiple D2R signals are transmitted separately on a third resource, which is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block;

[0406] The plurality of D2R signals are transmitted on a fourth resource, which is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block.

[0407] Optionally, the plurality of R2D signals satisfy at least one of the following:

[0408] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals is different;

[0409] The spreading factors of different R2D signals are different;

[0410] The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals;

[0411] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different R2D signals are different;

[0412] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0413] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0414] The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different;

[0415] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different;

[0416] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different;

[0417] The symbol period or chip period of the different R2D signals are different;

[0418] The sweep frequency modes of the different R2D signals are different;

[0419] The sweep function types for the different R2D signals are different;

[0420] The frequency sweep patterns of different R2D signals are different.

[0421] Optionally, the plurality of D2R signals satisfy at least one of the following:

[0422] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals is different;

[0423] The spreading factors of the different D2R signals are different;

[0424] The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals;

[0425] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different D2R signals are different;

[0426] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of the different D2R signals are different;

[0427] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different;

[0428] The sweep minimum frequency or sweep minimum frequency point of the different D2R signals are different;

[0429] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of the different D2R signals are different;

[0430] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different;

[0431] The symbol period or chip period of the different D2R signals are different;

[0432] The sweep frequency modes of the different D2R signals are different;

[0433] The sweep function types for the different D2R signals are different;

[0434] The frequency sweep patterns of different D2R signals are different.

[0435] Optionally, the second transceiver module 81 is specifically used to: send the D2R signal to the first device based on the obtained third information;

[0436] The third information includes at least one of the following:

[0437] The time-domain correlation parameters of the D2R signal;

[0438] Frequency domain correlation parameters of the D2R signal;

[0439] The CSS modulation parameters of the D2R signal;

[0440] The encoding method of the D2R signal;

[0441] The coding rate of the D2R signal;

[0442] The coding modulation index of the D2R signal;

[0443] The transmission power of the D2R signal.

[0444] Optionally, the third information satisfies at least one of the following:

[0445] The third information is configured or indicated by the second device;

[0446] The third piece of information is pre-configured by the network;

[0447] The third piece of information is stipulated in the agreement.

[0448] Optionally, the CSS modulation parameters of the D2R signal include at least one of the following:

[0449] The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of the D2R signal;

[0450] The spreading factor of the D2R signal;

[0451] The number of starting sweep frequency points in the CSS symbol of the D2R signal;

[0452] The number of bits carried by the CSS symbol of the D2R signal;

[0453] The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the D2R signal;

[0454] The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of the D2R signal;

[0455] The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of the D2R signal;

[0456] The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the D2R signal sweep;

[0457] The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the D2R signal sweep;

[0458] The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of the D2R signal;

[0459] The symbol period or chip period of the D2R signal;

[0460] The frequency sweep mode of the D2R signal;

[0461] The sweep function of the D2R signal;

[0462] The mapping relationship between the starting sweep frequency point for modulation and the information bits in the CSS symbol of the D2R signal.

[0463] Optionally, the second transceiver module 81 is specifically used to: send the D2R signal to the first device according to the obtained fourth information;

[0464] The fourth piece of information includes at least one of the following:

[0465] The message type of the D2R signal;

[0466] The message size of the D2R signal;

[0467] The device type of the second device.

[0468] Optionally, the second transceiver module 81 is specifically configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0469] When the third condition is met, the second device sends the D2R signal to the first device according to the candidate parameters of the D2R signal pre-configured or agreed upon in the protocol; wherein, the third condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the D2R signal is Msg1, the message size of the D2R signal is less than or equal to a third threshold; and the second device is a passive device or a semi-passive device.

[0470] When the fourth condition is met, the second device sends the D2R signal to the first device according to the signal parameters of the D2R signal configured or indicated by the first device; wherein the fourth condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the D2R signal is Msg3 or MsgA, the message size of the D2R signal is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, and the first device is an active device.

[0471] The communication device 80 provided in this application embodiment can achieve Figure 5 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments shown achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0472] like Figure 9 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a communication device 90, including a processor 91 and a memory 92. The memory 92 stores a program or instructions that can run on the processor 91. For example, when the communication device 90 is a first device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 91 implement the above-mentioned... Figure 4 The various steps of the illustrated embodiment can achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 90 is a second device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 91 implement the above-described steps. Figure 5 The steps of the illustrated embodiment are the same and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0473] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described communication method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0474] The processor mentioned above is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[0475] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described communication method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0476] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0477] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-described communication method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0478] This application also provides a communication system, including: a first device and a second device, wherein the first device can be used to perform the above-described... Figure 4 The second device can be used to perform the steps of the communication method described above. Figure 5 The steps of the communication method described above.

[0479] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0480] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of computer software products plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, they can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes several instructions to cause the terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0481] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other implementations under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these implementations are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: The first device performs the first operation; The first operation includes at least one of the following: sending multiple reader-to-device R2D signals to multiple second devices respectively, and receiving multiple device-to-reader D2R signals sent by multiple second devices respectively; The R2D signal is a chirped spread spectrum (CSS) modulated signal; the D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal; each pair of R2D signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, and each pair of D2R signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first device performs a first operation, including at least one of the following: The first device sends multiple R2D signals to the plurality of second devices on a first resource, wherein the first resource is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block; The first device sends multiple R2D signals to the plurality of second devices on a second resource, wherein the second resource is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block; The first device receives multiple D2R signals sent by the multiple second devices on a third resource, wherein the third resource is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block; The first device receives multiple D2R signals sent by the multiple second devices on a fourth resource, wherein the fourth resource is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The plurality of R2D signals satisfy at least one of the following: The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals is different; The spreading factors of different R2D signals are different; The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals; The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different R2D signals are different; The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different; The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different; The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different; The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different; The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different; The symbol period or chip period of the different R2D signals are different; The sweep frequency modes of the different R2D signals are different; The sweep function types for the different R2D signals are different; The frequency sweep patterns of different R2D signals are different.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The plurality of D2R signals satisfy at least one of the following: The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals is different; The spreading factors of the different D2R signals are different; The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals; The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different D2R signals are different; The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of the different D2R signals are different; The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different; The sweep minimum frequency or sweep minimum frequency point of the different D2R signals are different; The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of the different D2R signals are different; The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different; The symbol period or chip period of the different D2R signals are different; The sweep frequency modes of the different D2R signals are different; The sweep function types for the different D2R signals are different; The frequency sweep patterns of different D2R signals are different.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The step of sending multiple reader-to-device R2D signals to multiple second devices includes: The first device sends multiple R2D signals to the multiple second devices based on the first information obtained. The first information includes at least one of the following: Time-domain correlation parameters for each of the R2D signals; Frequency domain correlation parameters for each of the R2D signals; CSS modulation parameters for each of the R2D signals; The encoding method of each of the R2D signals; The coding rate of each of the R2D signals; The coding modulation index of each of the R2D signals; The transmission power of each of the R2D signals.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first information satisfies at least one of the following: The first information is configured or indicated by the core network equipment; The first information is configured or indicated by the access network device; The first information is pre-configured by the network; The first piece of information is as agreed upon in the agreement.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The CSS modulation parameters for each of the R2D signals include at least one of the following: The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of each R2D signal; Spreading factor for each of the R2D signals; The number of starting sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of each R2D signal; The number of bits carried by each CSS symbol of the R2D signal; The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of each of the R2D signals; The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of each of the R2D signals; The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of each of the R2D signals; The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the sweep for each of the R2D signals; The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep for each of the R2D signals; The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point for each of the R2D signals; The symbol period or chip period of each of the R2D signals; The frequency sweep mode of each of the R2D signals; The frequency sweep function for each of the R2D signals; The mapping relationship between the starting sweep frequency point for modulation and the information bits in the CSS symbols of each R2D signal.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The step of sending multiple reader-to-device R2D signals to multiple second devices includes: The first device sends multiple R2D signals to the multiple second devices based on the obtained second information; The second information includes at least one of the following: The message type of each of the R2D signals; The message size of each of the R2D signals; The device type of each of the second devices.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first device sends multiple R2D signals to the plurality of second devices based on the obtained second information, including at least one of the following: When the first condition is met, the first device sends the R2D signal to the second device corresponding to the R2D signal according to the candidate parameters of the R2D signal pre-configured or agreed upon in the protocol; wherein, the first condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the R2D signal is Msg2, the message size of the R2D signal is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the second device corresponding to the R2D signal is a passive device or a semi-passive device. When the second condition is met, the first device sends the R2D signal to the second device corresponding to the R2D signal according to the signal parameters of the R2D signal configured or indicated by the third device; wherein, the third device includes at least one of the following: application server, core network device, access network device; the second condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the R2D signal is Msg4 or MsgB, the message size of the R2D signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the second device corresponding to the R2D signal is an active device.

10. A communication method, characterized in that, include: The second device performs a second operation; wherein the second operation includes at least one of the following: receiving an R2D signal sent by the first device, and sending a D2R signal to the first device; The R2D signal is a CSS modulated signal, and the D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal; the plurality of second devices respectively receive the plurality of R2D signals sent by the first device, and each pair of R2D signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal; the plurality of second devices respectively send the plurality of D2R signals to the first device, and each pair of D2R signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The plurality of R2D signals satisfy at least one of the following: The plurality of R2D signals are transmitted separately on a first resource, which is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block; The plurality of R2D signals are transmitted separately on a second resource, which is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block; And / or, The plurality of D2R signals satisfy at least one of the following: The multiple D2R signals are transmitted separately on a third resource, which is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block; The plurality of D2R signals are transmitted on a fourth resource, which is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The plurality of R2D signals satisfy at least one of the following: The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals is different; The spreading factors of different R2D signals are different; The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals; The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different R2D signals are different; The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different; The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different; The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different; The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different; The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different; The symbol period or chip period of the different R2D signals are different; The sweep frequency modes of the different R2D signals are different; The sweep function types for the different R2D signals are different; The frequency sweep patterns of different R2D signals are different.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that, The plurality of D2R signals satisfy at least one of the following: The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals is different; The spreading factors of the different D2R signals are different; The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals; The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different D2R signals are different; The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of the different D2R signals are different; The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different; The sweep minimum frequency or sweep minimum frequency point of the different D2R signals are different; The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of the different D2R signals are different; The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different; The symbol period or chip period of the different D2R signals are different; The sweep frequency modes of the different D2R signals are different; The sweep function types for the different D2R signals are different; The frequency sweep patterns of different D2R signals are different.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that, Sending the D2R signal to the first device includes: The second device sends the D2R signal to the first device based on the obtained third information; The third information includes at least one of the following: The time-domain correlation parameters of the D2R signal; Frequency domain correlation parameters of the D2R signal; The CSS modulation parameters of the D2R signal; The encoding method of the D2R signal; The coding rate of the D2R signal; The coding modulation index of the D2R signal; The transmission power of the D2R signal.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The third information satisfies at least one of the following: The third information is configured or indicated by the second device; The third piece of information is pre-configured by the network; The third piece of information is stipulated in the agreement.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The CSS modulation parameters of the D2R signal include at least one of the following: The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of the D2R signal; The spreading factor of the D2R signal; The number of starting sweep frequency points in the CSS symbol of the D2R signal; The number of bits carried by the CSS symbol of the D2R signal; The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the D2R signal; The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of the D2R signal; The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of the D2R signal; The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the D2R signal sweep; The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the D2R signal sweep; The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of the D2R signal; The symbol period or chip period of the D2R signal; The frequency sweep mode of the D2R signal; The sweep function of the D2R signal; The mapping relationship between the starting sweep frequency point for modulation and the information bits in the CSS symbol of the D2R signal.

17. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 16, characterized in that, Sending the D2R signal to the first device includes: The second device sends the D2R signal to the first device based on the obtained fourth information; The fourth piece of information includes at least one of the following: The message type of the D2R signal; The message size of the D2R signal; The device type of the second device.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The second device sends the D2R signal to the first device based on the obtained fourth information, including at least one of the following: When the third condition is met, the second device sends the D2R signal to the first device according to the candidate parameters of the D2R signal pre-configured or agreed upon in the protocol; wherein, the third condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the D2R signal is Msg1, the message size of the D2R signal is less than or equal to a third threshold; and the second device is a passive device or a semi-passive device. When the fourth condition is met, the second device sends the D2R signal to the first device according to the signal parameters of the D2R signal configured or indicated by the first device; wherein the fourth condition includes at least one of the following: the message type of the D2R signal is Msg3 or MsgA, the message size of the D2R signal is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, and the first device is an active device.

19. A communication device, characterized in that, include: A first transceiver module is configured to perform a first operation; wherein the first operation includes at least one of the following: sending multiple reader-to-device R2D signals to multiple second devices respectively, and receiving multiple device-to-reader D2R signals sent by multiple second devices respectively; The R2D signal is a CSS modulated signal; the D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal; each pair of R2D signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, and each pair of D2R signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

20. The apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that, The first transceiver module is specifically used to perform at least one of the following: Multiple R2D signals are sent to the plurality of second devices on a first resource, wherein the first resource is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block; Multiple R2D signals are sent to the plurality of second devices on a second resource, wherein the second resource is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block; Multiple D2R signals sent by the multiple second devices are received on a third resource, wherein the third resource is one of the following: the same time-domain resource, consecutive time-domain resources, or a time-domain resource block; Multiple D2R signals sent by the multiple second devices are received on the fourth resource, wherein the fourth resource is one of the following: the same frequency domain resource, consecutive frequency domain resources, or a frequency domain resource block.

21. The apparatus according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, The plurality of R2D signals satisfy at least one of the following: The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals is different; The spreading factors of different R2D signals are different; The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different R2D signals; The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different R2D signals are different; The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different; The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different; The lowest frequency or lowest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different; The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of different R2D signals are different; The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different R2D signals are different; The symbol period or chip period of the different R2D signals are different; The sweep frequency modes of the different R2D signals are different; The sweep function types for the different R2D signals are different; The frequency sweep patterns of different R2D signals are different.

22. The apparatus according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that, The plurality of D2R signals satisfy at least one of the following: The number of sweep frequency points in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals is different; The spreading factors of the different D2R signals are different; The number of initial sweep frequency points differs in the CSS symbols of different D2R signals; The bandwidth or sweep frequency range of the different D2R signals are different; The starting sweep frequency or starting sweep frequency point of the different D2R signals are different; The cutoff sweep frequency or cutoff sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different; The sweep minimum frequency or sweep minimum frequency point of the different D2R signals are different; The highest frequency or highest frequency point of the sweep frequency of the different D2R signals are different; The sweep frequency or the slope of the sweep frequency point of different D2R signals are different; The symbol period or chip period of the different D2R signals are different; The sweep frequency modes of the different D2R signals are different; The sweep function types for the different D2R signals are different; The frequency sweep patterns of different D2R signals are different.

23. The apparatus according to any one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that, The first transceiver module is specifically used to: send multiple R2D signals to the multiple second devices respectively based on the obtained second information; The second information includes at least one of the following: The message type of each of the R2D signals; The message size of each of the R2D signals; The device type of each of the second devices.

24. A communication device, characterized in that, include: The second transceiver module is used to perform a second operation; wherein the second operation includes at least one of the following: receiving an R2D signal sent by the first device and sending a D2R signal to the first device; The R2D signal is a CSS modulated signal, and the D2R signal is a CSS modulated signal; multiple second devices respectively receive multiple R2D signals sent by the first device, and each pair of R2D signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal; multiple second devices respectively send multiple D2R signals to the first device, and each pair of D2R signals is orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, characterized in that, The second transceiver module is specifically used to: send the D2R signal to the first device based on the obtained fourth information; The fourth piece of information includes at least one of the following: The message type of the D2R signal; The message size of the D2R signal; The device type of the second device.

26. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, or to implement the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 18.

27. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, or the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 18.

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