A single column carbon capture device

Abstract

The application provides a single-tower carbon capture device, and relates to the technical field of waste gas recovery.The single-tower carbon capture device comprises a single-tower reactor, a flue gas return pipeline and a heat exchanger.The single-tower reactor is sequentially arranged from bottom to top and is separated from each other, and comprises a water washing section, an absorption section and a regeneration section.The water washing section is used for sucking flue gas and washing the flue gas.The absorption section is connected with the water washing section through the flue gas return pipeline, the washed flue gas enters the absorption section through the flue gas return pipeline, the absorption section is provided with an absorption solution, the absorption solution absorbs carbon dioxide in the flue gas and forms a carbon-rich solution, the regeneration section is connected with the absorption section through the heat exchanger, the carbon-rich solution enters the regeneration section after being preheated through the heat exchanger, and the regeneration section heats the carbon-rich solution and obtains gaseous carbon dioxide.The single-tower carbon capture device can effectively reduce the equipment cost and the production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste gas recovery technology, and in particular to a single-tower carbon capture device. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is one of the most effective means of achieving large-scale carbon emission reduction. Solvent-based CO2 capture technology has advantages such as good separation efficiency and mature, reliable technology; however, it is currently mainly used for small-scale CO2 capture. When solvent-based CO2 capture technology is applied on a large scale, the cost is high, which hinders its widespread adoption in industrial production.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN1232500C discloses "A method for heat recovery in a regeneration tower applied to the regeneration of chemical absorbent". The rich liquid from the lower outlet of the absorbent tower is split into two parallel streams. One stream of rich liquid enters a solution heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the hot lean liquid at the lower outlet of the regeneration tower to recover the sensible heat in the lean liquid. The other stream of rich liquid enters a regeneration gas heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the hot regeneration gas at the top outlet of the regeneration tower to recover the latent heat of the regeneration gas. The rich liquid leaving the solution heat exchanger and the rich liquid leaving the regeneration gas heat exchanger are either separately or combined before entering the regeneration tower for regeneration.

[0004] Chinese patent publication number "CN103463955B" discloses "a process for separating and recovering carbon dioxide from industrial exhaust gas". This process is based on traditional carbon dioxide capture technology, integrates diversion desorption and heat pump distillation processes, effectively utilizes the latent heat of vapor at the top of the stripping column, greatly reduces operating energy consumption, and can also obtain high-purity carbon dioxide products.

[0005] Although the above two technical solutions can reduce energy consumption during CO2 capture, they still face the following major drawbacks:

[0006] First, large-scale capture requires large-scale absorption and regeneration towers, and both require supporting auxiliary facilities during construction. Due to the limitations of the surrounding area of ​​the captured gas source, traditional absorption and regeneration tower design methods face significant challenges.

[0007] Secondly, since the absorption tower and regeneration tower need to be designed separately and there is a certain distance between them, the heat exchange loss between them is relatively large, and the cost of the supporting pipelines and auxiliary facilities is high.

[0008] In view of this, based on years of experience in production and design in this and related fields, the inventor has designed a single-tower carbon capture device through repeated experiments in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single-tower carbon capture device that can effectively reduce equipment and production costs.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a single-tower carbon capture device, wherein the carbon capture device includes at least a single-tower reactor, a flue gas recirculation pipe, and a heat exchanger, and the single-tower reactor has components arranged sequentially from bottom to top and separated from each other:

[0011] The water washing section is used to draw in flue gas and wash it.

[0012] The absorption section is connected to the washing section through the flue gas return pipe. The washed flue gas enters the absorption section through the flue gas return pipe. The absorption section is equipped with an absorption solution, which absorbs carbon dioxide in the flue gas and forms a carbon-rich solution.

[0013] The regeneration section is connected to the absorption section via the heat exchanger. The carbon-rich solution is preheated by the heat exchanger and then enters the regeneration section. The regeneration section heats the carbon-rich solution and obtains gaseous carbon dioxide.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following features and advantages:

[0015] This invention proposes a single-tower carbon capture device that integrates the washing section, absorption section, and regeneration section into a single-tower reactor. The structure is compact, reducing the volume of the carbon capture device and lowering equipment investment.

[0016] This invention proposes a single-tower carbon capture device that integrates the washing section, absorption section, and regeneration section into a single-tower reactor, reducing the liquid flow distance, decreasing heat loss during liquid flow, and improving the efficiency of heat recovery.

[0017] This invention proposes a single-tower carbon capture device. By utilizing the temperature and pressure differences between the top and bottom of the single-tower reactor, a temperature and pressure difference is formed, which enables the absorption solution to have self-circulation power, reduces the operating power of the liquid pump, and lowers operating energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. Those skilled in the art, guided by the teachings of this invention, can select various possible shapes and proportions to implement the invention according to specific circumstances.

[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the single-tower carbon capture device proposed in this invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0021] 100. Carbon capture device; 10. Single-tower reactor;

[0022] 11. Washing section; 12. Absorption section;

[0023] 121. Exhaust gas outlet; 13. Regeneration section;

[0024] 131. Product gas outlet; 14. Heating components;

[0025] 20. Flue gas return duct; 30. Heat exchanger;

[0026] 40. Absorption solution reflux pipeline; 50. Infusion pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings and the description of specific embodiments. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Under the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can conceive of any possible modifications based on the invention, and these should all be considered to fall within the scope of the invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a single-tower carbon capture device 100, which includes at least a single-tower reactor 10, a flue gas return pipe 20, and a heat exchanger 30. The single-tower reactor 10 has a water washing section 11, an absorption section 12, and a regeneration section 13 arranged sequentially from bottom to top and separated from each other. The water washing section 11 is used to draw in flue gas and wash it. The absorption section 12 is connected to the water washing section 11 through the flue gas return pipe 20. The washed flue gas enters the absorption section 12 through the flue gas return pipe 20. The absorption section 12 contains an absorption solution, which absorbs carbon dioxide in the flue gas and forms a carbon-rich solution. The regeneration section 13 is connected to the absorption section 12 through the heat exchanger 30. The carbon-rich solution is preheated by the heat exchanger 30 and then enters the regeneration section 13. The regeneration section 13 heats the carbon-rich solution and obtains gaseous CO2 (carbon dioxide).

[0029] The present invention proposes a single-tower carbon capture device 100, which integrates the washing section 11, the absorption section 12 and the regeneration section 13 into a single-tower reactor 10. The structure is compact, reducing the volume of the carbon capture device 100 and lowering equipment investment.

[0030] The present invention proposes a single-tower carbon capture device 100, which integrates the washing section 11, the absorption section 12 and the regeneration section 13 into a single-tower reactor 10, thereby reducing the liquid flow distance, reducing the heat loss of the liquid flow, and improving the efficiency of heat recovery.

[0031] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the two ends of the flue gas return pipe 20 are respectively connected to the top of the washing section 11 and the bottom of the absorption section 12. The flue gas return pipe 20 is bent, and the highest point of the flue gas return pipe 20 is higher than the height of the liquid inlet of the absorption section 12. The bent flue gas return pipe 20 can not only regulate the flow rate of the flue gas, but also help the condensation of water vapor in the flue gas, ensuring that the flow rate of the flue gas entering the absorption section 12 is stable and relatively dry, which is conducive to the absorption of CO2 in the flue gas by the absorption solution.

[0032] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the carbon capture device 100 further includes an absorbent solution return pipe 40, the two ends of which are connected to the regeneration section 13 and the absorption section 12, respectively. The absorbent solution return pipe 40 passes through the heat exchanger 30 and preheats the carbon-rich solution within the heat exchanger 30. Using the above structure, the heat carried in the recovered absorbent solution is used to preheat the carbon-rich solution, further improving the efficiency of heat recovery.

[0033] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the absorbent solution return pipe 40 is connected to the bottom of the regeneration section 13. After the CO2 in the carbon-rich solution escapes, the remaining absorbent solution is returned through the absorbent solution return pipe 40 under the action of gravity, without the need for external force, which further reduces the energy consumption of the single-tower carbon capture device 100.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, heat exchanger 30 is connected to the top of regeneration section 13. The carbon-rich solution, preheated by heat exchanger 30, enters from the top and flows downwards. With this structure, the carbon-rich solution at the bottom of regeneration section 13 is heated, and the resulting mixture of steam and CO2 flows upwards, making countercurrent contact with the carbon-rich solution flowing down from the top of regeneration section 13. This achieves mass and heat transfer, improving CO2 regeneration efficiency.

[0035] In an optional embodiment of the invention, the single-tower reactor 10 further includes a heating element 14 for heating the regeneration section 13. Heating the carbon-rich solution in the regeneration section 13 accelerates the escape and regeneration of CO2.

[0036] In an optional example of this implementation, the heating element 14 is a reboiler.

[0037] In an optional embodiment of the invention, an infusion conduit 50 is further connected between the top of the regeneration section 13 and the bottom of the absorption section 12. CO2 escaping from the carbon-rich solution in the absorption section 12 can directly enter the regeneration section 13 through the infusion conduit 50.

[0038] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a tail gas outlet 121 is provided at the top of the absorption section 12. In the absorption section 12, CO2 in the flue gas is absorbed by the absorption solution, and the remaining waste gas exits through the tail gas outlet.

[0039] In an optional embodiment of the invention, a product gas outlet 131 is provided at the top of the regeneration section 13. Gas CO2 is discharged from the product gas outlet 131 to obtain product gas CO2.

[0040] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the absorption solution is a monoethanolamine solution, which can absorb CO2 and convert it into carbonate compounds. When heated or depressurized, CO2 can also be released from the solution, thereby achieving CO2 capture and recovery.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 The specific implementation process of the carbon capture device 100 proposed in this invention will now be described in detail with reference to an embodiment.

[0042] In this embodiment, the flow rate is 280 Nm 3 Flue gas with a CO2 concentration of 13% is introduced into the carbon capture device 100. The flue gas is first washed in the water washing section 11. The washed flue gas then enters the bottom of the absorption section 12 and comes into countercurrent contact with a cold 30% monoethanolamine solution (absorption solution) entering from the top of the absorption section 12 at a flow rate of 1500 L / h. CO2 is absorbed from the gas phase into the absorption solution. The exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere from the top of the absorption section 12. The carbon-rich solution at 65°C exiting the bottom of the absorption section 12 enters the heat exchanger 30, where it exchanges heat with the reflux absorption solution at 101°C exiting the bottom of the regeneration section 13. After heating to 90°C, the carbon-rich solution enters the regeneration section 13. In the regeneration section 13, the carbon-rich solution is heated by saturated steam at a flow rate of 95 kg / h and a pressure of 0.3 MPa, resulting in a regeneration flow rate of 26 Nm³ / h. 3 / h of gaseous CO2, the gaseous CO2 comes out from the top of regeneration section 13, and the product gas CO2 is obtained.

[0043] The detailed explanations of the above embodiments are intended only to explain the present invention so as to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention. However, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention for any reason. In particular, the various features described in different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other to form other embodiments. Unless there is an explicit description to the contrary, these features should be understood to be applicable to any embodiment, and not limited to the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A single-tower carbon capture device, characterized in that, The carbon capture device includes at least a single-tower reactor, a flue gas recirculation pipe, and a heat exchanger, wherein the single-tower reactor has components arranged sequentially from bottom to top and separated from each other. The water washing section is used to draw in flue gas and wash it. The absorption section is connected to the washing section through the flue gas return pipe. The washed flue gas enters the absorption section through the flue gas return pipe. The absorption section is equipped with an absorption solution, which absorbs carbon dioxide in the flue gas and forms a carbon-rich solution. The regeneration section is connected to the absorption section via the heat exchanger. The carbon-rich solution is preheated by the heat exchanger and then enters the regeneration section. The regeneration section heats the carbon-rich solution and obtains gaseous carbon dioxide.

2. The single-tower carbon capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the flue gas return pipe are connected to the top of the washing section and the bottom of the absorption section, respectively. The flue gas return pipe is bent, and the top of the flue gas return pipe is higher than the liquid inlet of the absorption section.

3. The single-tower carbon capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon capture device also includes an absorption solution return pipe, with the regeneration section and the absorption section connected at both ends of the absorption solution return pipe, and the absorption solution return pipe passes through the heat exchanger and preheats the carbon-rich solution in the heat exchanger.

4. The single-tower carbon capture device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The absorbent solution reflux pipe is connected to the bottom of the regeneration section.

5. The single-tower carbon capture device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The heat exchanger is connected to the top of the regeneration section.

6. The single-tower carbon capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The single-tower reactor also has a heating element for heating the regeneration section.

7. The single-tower carbon capture device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The heating element is a reboiler.

8. The single-tower carbon capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An infusion pipe is also connected between the top of the regeneration section and the bottom of the absorption section for heat recovery at the top of the regeneration section.

9. The single-tower carbon capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the absorption section has an exhaust gas outlet.

10. The single-tower carbon capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the regeneration section has a product gas outlet.

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