Anti-siltation spraying device for sludge transport sand bucket and use method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of anti-silt injection devices for slurry transport sand bucket and its use method, belong to injection device technical field.A kind of anti-silt injection devices for slurry transport sand bucket, including the annular seat being fixedly connected by first support and sand bucket body, further include: elastic expansion seat, elastic expansion seat is set with multiple and is evenly set on annular seat, the end of each elastic expansion seat away from annular seat is fixed with injection assembly, for impacting the slurry accumulated on sand bucket body;The application is driven by walking component, and injection assembly is automatically patrolled along the circumference of sand bucket, realizes the all-around, dead angle-free flushing to sand bucket inner wall, effectively prevents the slurry siltation and consolidation, and the dynamic swing impact of spray head can actively intervene mixed vortex in sand bucket, break slurry lump, eliminate mixed dead angle, significantly improve sand water mixing uniformity, fundamentally reduce the risk of pipeline blockage, substantially improve operation efficiency and continuity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spraying device technology, and in particular to an anti-sludge spraying device for a sand transport hopper and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Land reclamation is mainly accomplished by dredgers, with trailing suction hopper dredgers and cutter suction dredgers being the primary types used in the industry. However, the construction areas are often in shallow water, making it difficult for trailing suction hopper dredgers and cutter suction dredgers to enter. Furthermore, using dredgers for dredging operations is costly. To adapt to the diversity of engineering projects and meet specific needs, cutter suction dredgers are often modified. The modification of a cutter suction dredger mainly involves removing the original cutter head and its drive system, and adding a sand hopper device to the front end of the underwater pump on the bridge to collect sand and mix it with water. The sand is then pressure-transported through an above-water pipeline to a discharge point several kilometers away.

[0003] However, existing sand hoppers still have several problems in actual operation. First, when sand gets wet and combines with some dust and impurities, it easily adheres to and caking on the inner wall of the hopper, forming a silt layer that is difficult to remove on its own. This silt not only significantly reduces the effective volume of the sand hopper, affecting the efficiency of a single operation, but long-term accumulation may also change the internal structure of the sand hopper and increase the load. Second, relying solely on bottom-feeding water to mix with the sand and mud, especially when processing sticky or unevenly sized sand and mud, easily creates mixing dead zones, forming insufficiently dispersed clumps of sand and mud. These clumps can easily cause pipe blockages when discharged, leading to downtime for maintenance and seriously affecting the continuity and economy of operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to propose an anti-siltation spraying device for sand transfer buckets and its usage method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A silt-prevention spraying device for a sand transport hopper includes an annular seat fixedly connected to the hopper body via a first bracket, and further includes: The elastic telescopic seat is provided in multiple ways and is evenly arranged on the annular seat. Each elastic telescopic seat is fixed with a jetting component at the end away from the annular seat, which is used to impact the mud and sand accumulated on the sand bucket body. The walking assembly is fixedly connected to the elastic telescopic seat via a connecting frame, and is used to drive the spray assembly to move along the annular seat; The walking assembly is equipped with an adjustment component for driving the movement of the spray assembly, which can adjust the spray angle of the spray assembly onto the sand bucket body.

[0006] Preferably, the annular seat includes a walking shell, a liquid guiding shell, and a connecting column for connecting the walking shell and the liquid guiding shell. A first annular plate is rotatably connected to the walking shell, and a second annular plate is rotatably connected to the liquid guiding shell. The elastic telescopic seat is fixedly connected to the second annular plate, and the walking assembly is connected to the first annular plate. A liquid guide pipe is provided between the second annular plate and each spraying component, and the liquid guide shell is connected to the water supply equipment through a water pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the spraying assembly includes a base fixedly connected to one end of the elastic telescopic seat, a first rotating tube rotatably disposed on the top of the base, a second rotating tube rotatably connected to the end of the first rotating tube away from the base, and a spray head disposed at the end of the second rotating tube. Rotary joints are provided between the base and the first rotating tube, and between the first rotating tube and the second rotating tube. The end of the liquid guide tube away from the second annular plate is connected to the base.

[0008] Preferably, the nozzle is a switchable nozzle, including a nozzle body and a nozzle sleeve movably disposed at the front end of the nozzle body; The nozzle sleeve is provided with at least two nozzles with different orifice diameters or different flow channel structures, and the nozzle body is provided with a miniature driving component for driving the nozzle sleeve to rotate or translate to switch between different nozzles connected to the first rotating pipe flow channel.

[0009] Preferably, the sand hopper body includes a conical hopper body and a square receiving tray fixed on the top of the conical hopper body. Each inner wall of the square receiving tray is provided with a plurality of guide plates at equal intervals. The bottom two sides of the conical hopper body are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a frame that is fixedly connected to the sand hopper body by a second bracket. The frame is arranged along the edge of the square receiving tray and is composed of four side rods and an arc-shaped rod for connecting two adjacent side rods. A side plate is fixed to the outside of the base, and two limiting wheels are connected to the side plate by a pin. The frame rod is placed between the two limiting wheels, and the middle part of the limiting wheel is set as a recessed shape to cooperate with the frame rod.

[0011] Preferably, the walking assembly includes a working shell fixedly connected to an elastic telescopic seat via a connecting frame, a reciprocating lead screw rotatably disposed within the working shell, a telescopic rod slidably disposed with the keyway of the reciprocating lead screw, a drive gear disposed at the end of the telescopic rod away from the reciprocating lead screw, and a bevel gear ring fixed within the walking shell and meshing with the drive gear. The working shell is also provided with a drive motor for driving the reciprocating lead screw to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a sleeve that is threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw and slidably disposed within the working housing, and a connecting rod that is hinged between the sleeve and the first rotating tube; The adjustment assembly also includes a support plate fixed to one end of the working shell, a circular base plate fixed to the support plate, a fixed bevel gear fixed to the circular base plate, and a driven bevel gear disposed on the second rotating tube and meshing with the fixed bevel gear. The circular base plate and the central axis of the base are aligned.

[0013] Preferably, a housing is rotatably connected to the top of the circular base plate, and both the driven bevel gear and the fixed bevel gear are placed inside the housing. The second rotating tube is rotatably connected to the housing. The working shell has a movable groove for the connecting rod to move, and the sleeve is fixed with a sealing plate for sealing the movable groove.

[0014] This invention also discloses a method for using an anti-siltation spraying device for a sand transport hopper, which further includes the following steps: S1: Preparation Phase Fix the annular seat to the appropriate position on the sand hopper body through the first bracket, connect the external water supply pipe to the water inlet of the liquid guide shell, start the drive motor and water supply equipment, and check whether the device is operating normally. S2: Sediment Receiving and Mixing Stage The sand is conveyed to the top of the sand bucket body via a belt conveyor on the belt conveyor boat and falls into the square receiving plate. The guide plate initially diverts and guides the falling mud and sand, so that it enters the cone-shaped bucket below evenly. Water is pumped in at a certain angle from the feed inlet at the bottom of the conical bucket, forming a vortex flow field inside the conical bucket. The mud and sand are mixed with the water in the vortex, and finally the slurry is discharged from the outlet through the pipe. S3: Injection Operation Phase Circumferential cruising: The drive motor starts, which drives the reciprocating screw to rotate. The rotational motion is transmitted to the drive gear through the telescopic rod connected to the reciprocating screw key. The drive gear meshes with the bevel gear ring fixed in the walking shell, thereby driving the entire walking assembly to make circumferential motion along the annular walking shell. Adaptive positioning: The walking component drives the elastic telescopic seat and the spraying component to move synchronously in a circular motion through the connecting frame. During this process, the two limiting wheels on the side of the base roll close to the side bar and arc bar of the frame. Since the shape of the frame matches the outer edge of the square receiving tray, the limiting wheels are constrained by the frame and push the base through the side plate, so that the elastic telescopic seat is compressed or extended, ensuring that the spray head always maintains a relatively constant impact distance with the inner wall of the sand hopper body during the movement. S4: Automatic spray angle adjustment: Yaw adjustment: When the reciprocating screw rotates, it drives the sleeve to make reciprocating linear motion along its axis through the thread transmission. The sleeve pushes or pulls the first rotating tube through the connecting rod, causing it to swing back and forth around the connection point with the base. Pitch linkage: The swing of the first rotating tube will drive the second rotating tube at its end and the driven bevel gear to move together. Since the driven bevel gear meshes with the fixed bevel gear fixedly installed on the circular base plate, the swing of the first rotating tube will force the driven bevel gear to rotate, thereby causing the second rotating tube to deflect relative to the first rotating tube. The combination of pitch and yaw motions allows the nozzle's spray angle to change periodically and automatically in both vertical and horizontal directions. When spraying impact into the square receiving pan, it can impact and break the mud and sand accumulated in the square receiving pan; When the conical bucket is sprayed with impact, its reciprocating oscillation characteristic is used to shear and impact the mud and sand in the vortex, break up the clumps, and promote mixing. S5: Stopping Phase After the operation is completed, first stop feeding mud and sand, then keep the spraying device and water inlet running for a short time to rinse the sand bucket body clean, and finally turn off all power and water sources.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an anti-sludge spraying device for a sand transport hopper and its usage method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the walking component drives the spraying component to automatically patrol along the circumference of the sand hopper, realizing all-round, no-dead-angle washing of the inner wall of the sand hopper. This expands the effective range of a single spraying component from a fixed point to the entire circumference of the sand hopper, achieving automated patrol washing of the inner wall of the sand hopper body. This completely solves the problem of spray blind spots in traditional fixed nozzles, ensuring that the corners and side walls of the square receiving tray and the slope of the conical hopper can be effectively cleaned, preventing the accumulation of mud and sand from the source.

[0016] 2. In this invention, by ensuring that the two limiting wheels are always engaged with the frame fixed to the outside of the sand hopper, the limiting wheels are constrained by the frame and push the base through the side plate, causing the elastic telescopic seat to compress or extend. This ensures that the nozzle maintains a relatively constant impact distance with the inner wall of the sand hopper body during the movement. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures that the nozzle maintains a preset optimal distance from the inside of the sand hopper throughout the entire patrol path, thereby ensuring that the impact force of the water jet remains constant within the most effective range and overcoming the problem of poor cleaning effect or energy waste caused by distance changes.

[0017] 3. In this invention, when the reciprocating screw rotates, it drives the sleeve to reciprocate linearly. Through the connecting rod, it pushes the first rotating tube to swing back and forth. The swing of the first rotating tube drives the second rotating tube and its driven bevel gear to revolve around the fixed bevel gear. The gear meshing forces the driven bevel gear to rotate, thereby driving the second rotating tube and the nozzle to produce pitch rotation. The combined motion of pitch and yaw causes the spray axis of the nozzle to periodically scan, so that the water flow can cover a fan-shaped area, resulting in a larger dredging area. At the same time, the oscillating impact can actively intervene in the vortex at the bottom of the conical bucket, enhance fluid shearing, effectively break up mud and sand clumps, improve mixing efficiency, and solve the technical problem of limited dredging and mixing effect of single-angle spraying.

[0018] 4. In this invention, circumferential cruising is achieved through the reciprocating lead screw and gear ring pair, and the injection angle adjustment is achieved through the threaded pair and linkage mechanism on the same reciprocating lead screw. The "one source, multiple uses" design simplifies the power system and control system, realizes multiple functions with a single power source, and solves the technical problems of complex, costly and poor coordination of multi-actuator systems.

[0019] 5. In this invention, by adopting a switchable design for the nozzle head, the micro-drive component can change the position of the nozzle sleeve, which can switch between a high-pressure columnar mode for siltation points and a low-pressure fan-shaped mode for large-area dust suppression. The integrated and modular design achieves the coordinated operation of multiple functions such as sludge removal, anti-clogging, dust suppression, and mixing enhancement with minimal complexity and cost, resulting in high reliability and strong practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sand hopper body of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular seat of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying assembly and the walking assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Another structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the outer casing; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the spray assembly of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the working shell of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. First support; 2. Sand hopper body; 201. Conical hopper body; 2011. Inlet; 2012. Outlet; 202. Square receiving tray; 2021. Guide plate; 3. Annular seat; 301. Walking shell; 3011. First annular plate; 302. Liquid guiding shell; 3021. Second annular plate; 3022. Liquid guiding pipe; 303. Connecting column; 4. Elastic telescopic seat; 5. Connecting frame; 6. Base; 601. First rotating pipe; 602. Second rotating pipe; 603. Spray head; 6031. Spray head body; 60 32. Nozzle sleeve; 604. Rotary joint; 7. Second bracket; 8. Frame; 801. Side rod; 802. Arc rod; 9. Side plate; 901. Limiting wheel; 10. Working shell; 1001. Reciprocating screw; 1002. Telescopic rod; 1003. Drive gear; 1004. Bevel gear ring; 1005. Drive motor; 11. Sleeve; 111. Connecting rod; 112. Support plate; 113. Circular base plate; 114. Fixed bevel gear; 115. Driven bevel gear; 12. Shell; 13. Movable groove; 131. Sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment proposes an anti-sludge spraying device for a sand transport hopper, including an annular seat 3 fixedly connected to the hopper body 2 via a first bracket 1, and further including: The elastic telescopic seat 4 is provided in multiple ways and is evenly arranged on the annular seat 3. Each elastic telescopic seat 4 is fixed with a spray component at one end away from the annular seat 3. Multiple spray components work at the same time to enhance the cleaning effect and to impact the mud and sand accumulated on the sand bucket body 2. The walking assembly is fixedly connected to the elastic telescopic seat 4 via the connecting frame 5, and is used to drive the spray assembly to move along the annular seat 3; The walking component is equipped with an adjustment component for driving the movement of the spray component. The adjustment component can adjust the spray angle of the spray component on the sand bucket body 2. Specifically, the device is fixed at an appropriate position on the sand hopper body 2 by the first bracket 1. The spraying component is connected to the water supply system through pipelines. When the walking component is activated, it drives all the elastic telescopic seats 4 and the spraying components on them through the connecting frame 5 to move circumferentially along the designated trajectory of the annular seat 3, expanding its range of action from a fixed point to the entire annular trajectory, thus achieving large-area coverage of the inner wall of the sand hopper. During the movement of the spraying component, the adjustment component works to drive the spraying component to move, thereby dynamically adjusting the pitch angle or yaw angle of its sprayed water flow. The spraying component sprays at a variable angle while moving, and the water flow impacts the inner wall of the sand hopper from different positions and at different angles, realizing automated and all-round cleaning of the mud and sand accumulation on the inner wall of the sand hopper. Compared with fixed-angle spraying, the impact area per unit time is larger, the sludge removal is more thorough, and the efficiency is significantly improved. Multiple spraying components patrol synchronously under the drive of the walking component, and can also adjust their angles individually under the drive of the adjustment component. This collaborative operation mode allows one device to complete the complex inner wall sludge removal and mud-water mixing tasks. The system has a compact structure, a high degree of automation, and reduces the complexity of controlling multiple devices individually.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the annular seat 3 further includes a walking shell 301, a liquid guiding shell 302, and a connecting post 303 for connecting the walking shell 301 and the liquid guiding shell 302. A first annular plate 3011 is rotatably connected to the walking shell 301, and a second annular plate 3021 is rotatably connected to the liquid guiding shell 302. The elastic telescopic seat 4 is fixedly connected to the second annular plate 3021, and the walking assembly is connected to the first annular plate 3011. A liquid guide pipe 3022 is provided between the second annular plate 3021 and each spraying component, and the liquid guide shell 302 is connected to the water supply equipment through a water pipe. Specifically, external water supply is connected to the liquid guide shell 302 via a water pipe, introducing pressurized water into its internal cavity. When the walking assembly is working, it drives the first annular plate 3011 connected to it to rotate within the walking shell 301. Since the first annular plate 3011 and the second annular plate 3021 are mechanically linked through the connecting frame 5 and the elastic telescopic seat 4, the rotation of the first annular plate 3011 will drive the entire second annular plate 3021 and all the elastic telescopic seats 4 and the spray assembly fixed on it to rotate synchronously relative to the liquid guide shell 302, thereby realizing the spray assembly. The components undergo circumferential cruising motion; pressurized water enters the internal cavity of the liquid guide shell 302. Since the second annular plate 3021 and the liquid guide shell 302 are connected by a rotational seal, the water flow can enter the inner cavity of the continuously rotating second annular plate 3021, and be distributed and delivered to each moving jet assembly through multiple liquid guide pipes 3022 connected thereto, providing them with a continuous water source; the rotation of the first annular plate 3011 and the second annular plate 3021 avoids complex rotational dynamic sealing problems and the risk of hose entanglement, improving the reliability and service life of the system.

[0027] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the spraying assembly further includes a base 6 fixedly connected to one end of the elastic telescopic seat 4, a first rotating tube 601 rotatably disposed on the top of the base 6, a second rotating tube 602 rotatably connected to the end of the first rotating tube 601 away from the base 6, and a spray head 603 disposed at the end of the second rotating tube 602. Rotary joints 604 are provided between the base 6 and the first rotating tube 601 and between the first rotating tube 601 and the second rotating tube 602. The end of the liquid guide tube 3022 away from the second annular plate 3021 is connected to the base 6. Specifically, pressurized water is delivered from the liquid guide shell 302 to the base 6 of the spray assembly through the liquid guide pipe 3022. The water flow passes sequentially through the flow channels inside the base 6, the first rotating pipe 601, and the second rotating pipe 602, and finally reaches the nozzle 603. When an external force, i.e., the adjustment component, drives the first rotating pipe 601 and / or the second rotating pipe 602, they will rotate around the axis of their rotating joint 604 respectively. The rotation of the first rotating pipe 601 and the second rotating pipe 602 changes the spatial orientation of the nozzle 603 at the end of the second rotating pipe 602, thereby adjusting the spray angle. The water flow is sprayed from the nozzle 603 at a set angle, impacting the target area. This expands the effective coverage area of ​​a single spray assembly from a fixed direction to a three-dimensional fan-shaped area, which can accurately target different positions on the inner wall of the sand hopper, such as vertical walls, inclined walls, and corners, solving the problem of cleaning dead angles due to the limited spray angle of a single fixed nozzle.

[0028] like Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the nozzle 603 is further a switchable nozzle, including a nozzle body 6031 and a nozzle sleeve 6032 movably disposed at the front end of the nozzle body 6031. The nozzle sleeve 6032 is provided with at least two types of nozzles with different orifice diameters or different flow channel structures. Different orifice diameters: such as a large orifice nozzle (for high flow rate, low pressure flushing) and a small orifice nozzle (for low flow rate, high pressure spraying); different flow channel structures: such as a direct current nozzle (for long-range shooting) and a fan-shaped nozzle (for large area coverage) or a spiral nozzle (for enhanced mixing); the nozzle body 6031 is provided with a miniature driving component, such as a miniature motor, linear electromagnet or miniature cylinder, for driving the nozzle sleeve 6032 to rotate or translate to switch between different nozzles connected to the flow channel of the first rotating pipe 601. The function of this driving component is to drive the nozzle sleeve 6032 to make precise rotation (to align nozzles with different circumferential distribution) or translation (to align nozzles with different axial distribution) relative to the nozzle body 6031. Specifically, pressurized water enters the nozzle body 6031 from the second rotary pipe 602 and is ready to spray out at any time. According to the needs (such as strong impact for sludge removal or atomized coverage for dust suppression), a signal is sent to the micro-drive component. After receiving the signal, the micro-drive component acts to precisely drive the nozzle sleeve 6032 to generate displacement, move the specific nozzle pre-set in the sleeve that meets the current task requirements and align it with the flow channel outlet of the nozzle body 6031. The pressurized water flows through the selected nozzle to form a jet with a specific shape, speed and pressure. When the operation requirements change, the above process is repeated to switch to another nozzle, which greatly improves the response speed and processing efficiency of the equipment to different operation requirements (such as sludge prevention, dust suppression and enhanced mixing).

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the sand hopper body 2 further includes a conical hopper body 201 and a square receiving plate 202 fixed on the top of the conical hopper body 201. Each inner wall of the square receiving plate 202 is provided with a plurality of guide plates 2021 at equal intervals. The bottom two sides of the conical hopper body 201 are respectively provided with a feed inlet 2011 and a discharge outlet 2012. Specifically, the mud and sand falling from above first enter the square receiving tray 202. By adopting a composite structure of the square receiving tray 202 and the conical hopper 201, the receiving area at the top of the sand hopper is expanded from the limited circular opening of the traditional conical hopper to a larger square area, fundamentally reducing the risk of falling mud and sand spilling outside the hopper. The falling mud and sand impact the guide plates 2021 on the inner wall of the square receiving tray 202. These guide plates 2021 guide and buffer the falling trajectory of the mud and sand, making it more even and gentle. The central area is dispersed, which can effectively receive and guide the falling mud and sand, avoiding random impact and splashing of materials. The mud and sand, after being guided, fall into the conical bucket 201 below through the opening at the bottom of the square receiving plate 202. External water is pumped into the bottom of the conical bucket 201 through the feed inlet 2011. The water enters at a certain angle, and the water carries the mud and sand to form a vortex in the conical bucket 201, which accelerates the mixing of mud and sand with water. The evenly mixed slurry is discharged through the discharge outlet 2012 and enters the subsequent conveying pipeline.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 11 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, it further includes a frame 8 that is fixedly connected to the sand hopper body 2 by the second bracket 7. The frame 8 is arranged along the edge of the square receiving tray 202. The frame 8 is composed of four side rods 801 and an arc rod 802 for connecting two adjacent side rods 801. A side plate 9 is fixed on the outside of the base 6. Two limiting wheels 901 are connected to the side plate 9 by a pin. The rod of the frame 8 is placed between the two limiting wheels 901. The middle part of the limiting wheel 901 is set as a recessed shape to cooperate with the rod of the frame 8. Furthermore, the walking assembly includes a working shell 10 fixedly connected to the elastic telescopic seat 4 via a connecting frame 5, a reciprocating screw 1001 rotatably disposed within the working shell 10, a telescopic rod 1002 slidably disposed with the keyway of the reciprocating screw 1001, a drive gear 1003 disposed at one end of the telescopic rod 1002 away from the reciprocating screw 1001, and a bevel ring 1004 fixed within the walking shell 301 and meshing with the drive gear 1003. The working shell 10 is also provided with a drive motor 1005 for driving the reciprocating screw 1001 to rotate. Specifically, when the walking component is working, the drive motor 1005 starts, driving the reciprocating screw 1001 to rotate. The rotational motion of the reciprocating screw 1001 is transmitted to the telescopic rod 1002 through the keyway, causing the telescopic rod 1002 to rotate accordingly. Since the drive gear 1003 at the end of the telescopic rod 1002 meshes with the fixed bevel gear ring 1004, the rotating drive gear 1003, under the reaction force of the gear ring, will drive the entire working shell 10 to move along the circumference of the gear ring. The working shell 10 drives all the spraying components to move synchronously along the trajectory of the annular seat 3 through the connecting frame 5 and the elastic telescopic seat 4. Because the mud and sand in the square receiving tray 202 tend to accumulate and clog at corners or guide plates 2021 when receiving mud and sand, the limiting wheel 901 fixed on the base 6 always rolls on the rod of the frame 8 during the movement. Since the shape of the frame 8 matches the outer edge of the square receiving tray 202, the limiting wheel 901 is constrained by the frame 8 and pushes the base 6 through the side plate 9, so that the elastic telescopic seat 4 is compressed or extended. This ensures that the nozzle 603 always maintains a relatively constant impact distance with the inner wall of the sand hopper body 2 during the movement. This solves the problem that in a non-circular sand hopper, simple circular motion will cause the distance between the nozzle and the wall of the square receiving tray 202 to change, thereby affecting the impact effect on the inner wall of the square receiving tray 202, and thus improving the sludge removal effect on the inner wall of the square receiving tray 202. It should be noted that the first support 1 and the second support 7 should be symmetrically arranged around the sand bucket body 2 to support it, so as to avoid the inability to maintain the stability of the device by relying on only one side support under the spray of high pressure water gun.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 11 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the adjustment assembly further includes a sleeve 11 that is threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw 1001 and slidably disposed in the working housing 10, and a connecting rod 111 that is hinged between the sleeve 11 and the first rotating tube 601. The adjustment assembly also includes a support plate 112 fixed to one end of the working housing 10, a circular base plate 113 fixed to the support plate 112, a fixed bevel gear 114 fixed to the circular base plate 113, and a driven bevel gear 115 disposed on the second rotating tube 602 and meshing with the fixed bevel gear 114. The circular base plate 113 and the central axis of the base 6 are on the same straight line; Specifically, the drive motor 1005 starts, driving the reciprocating screw 1001 to rotate. Since the sleeve 11 is restricted from rotation, the rotation of the reciprocating screw 1001 forces the sleeve 11 to make a linear reciprocating motion along the axis of the screw. The linear motion of the sleeve 11 pushes and pulls the first rotating tube 601 through the connecting rod 111. Since the first rotating tube 601 is rotatably connected to the base 6, this pushing and pulling force will force the first rotating tube 601 to swing left and right around its hinge point. When the first rotating tube 601 swings left and right, it will drive the second rotating tube 602 at its end to move together. Driven bevel gear 115 meshes with fixed bevel gear 114 fixed on circular base plate 113. When the second rotating tube 602 moves with the first rotating tube 601, the gear meshing forces the driven bevel gear 115 to rotate. This rotation directly drives the second rotating tube 602 to deflect in the up and down direction relative to the first rotating tube 601. Finally, the movement of the nozzle 603 is a combination of pitch oscillation and yaw rotation, which makes it form a complex, periodic scanning trajectory in space, enabling the nozzle to achieve a composite movement of two degrees of freedom, up and down and left and right, without the need for an additional power source. When the impact is sprayed into the square receiving tray 202, it can impact and break the mud and sand accumulated in the square receiving tray 202; When the conical bucket 201 is sprayed with impact, its reciprocating oscillation characteristics are used to shear and impact the mud and sand in the vortex, break up the clumps, and promote mixing. A single spray component can automatically scan a fan-shaped three-dimensional space, and its jet can cover most of the inner wall of the sand hopper, fundamentally solving the problem of cleaning dead angles that exist in fixed nozzles or single moving nozzles, and realizing efficient and fully automated sludge removal; dynamic compound motion realizes three-dimensional space coverage, breaking through the limitations of fixed trajectory. The cleaning effect does not depend on the spray component moving to every discrete "point", but on the continuous and compound three-dimensional motion trajectory to achieve coverage of planar and even volumetric areas, thereby achieving the all-round, dead-angle-free rinsing.

[0032] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 11As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the top of the circular base plate 113 is rotatably connected to the housing 12, the driven bevel gear 115 and the fixed bevel gear 114 are both placed inside the housing 12, and the second rotating tube 602 is rotatably connected to the housing 12. The working housing 10 is provided with a movable groove 13 for the connecting rod 111 to move, and a sealing plate 131 for sealing the movable groove 13 is fixed on the sleeve 11; Specifically, by setting the housing 12 to completely seal the meshing pair of the fixed bevel gear 114 and the driven bevel gear 115, abrasive contaminants such as mud, sand and water vapor are effectively prevented from entering the gear transmission interface. This avoids abnormal wear, pitting or even jamming failure caused by particles stuck in the tooth surface, ensuring that the bevel gear pair can transmit motion and torque smoothly and accurately under various harsh working conditions, and improving the reliability and service life of the entire adjustment component transmission system. Furthermore, by establishing a dynamic seal between the sealing plate 131 fixed to the sleeve 11 and the movable groove 13, the problem of opening protection caused by the need for the connecting rod 111 to extend out of the housing for swinging is solved. This effectively prevents external impurities from entering the working housing 10 through the movable groove 13, protecting the precision transmission components such as the reciprocating lead screw 1001 and threaded pair inside from contamination and wear. It fundamentally avoids motion jamming, thread damage, or overload of the drive motor 1005 caused by the intrusion of foreign objects, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the walking and adjustment functions.

[0033] This invention also discloses a method for using an anti-siltation spraying device for a sand transport hopper, which further includes the following steps: S1: Preparation Phase The annular seat 3 is fixedly installed on the sand bucket body 2 at an appropriate position via the first bracket 1. The external water supply pipe is connected to the water inlet of the liquid guide shell 302. The drive motor 1005 and the water supply equipment are started. The device is checked to see if it is operating normally. S2: Sediment Receiving and Mixing Stage The sand is conveyed to the top of the sand bucket body 2 by the belt on the belt boat and falls into the square receiving plate 202. The guide plate 2021 initially diverts and guides the falling mud and sand so that it enters the conical bucket body 201 below evenly. Water is pumped in at a certain angle from the feed inlet 2011 at the bottom of the conical bucket 201, forming a vortex flow field inside the conical bucket 201. Mud and sand are mixed with water in the vortex, and finally the slurry is discharged from the discharge outlet 2012 through the pipeline. S3: Injection Operation Phase Circumferential cruising: The drive motor 1005 starts and drives the reciprocating screw 1001 to rotate. The rotational motion is transmitted to the drive gear 1003 through the telescopic rod 1002, which is keyed to the reciprocating screw 1001. The drive gear 1003 meshes with the bevel ring 1004 fixed in the walking shell 301, thereby driving the entire walking assembly to make circumferential motion along the annular walking shell 301. Adaptive positioning: The walking component drives the elastic telescopic seat 4 and the spraying component to move synchronously in a circular motion through the connecting frame 5. During this process, the two limiting wheels 901 on the side of the base 6 roll close to the side rod 801 and arc rod 802 of the frame 8. Since the shape of the frame 8 matches the outer edge of the square receiving tray 202, the limiting wheels 901 are constrained by the frame 8 and push the base 6 through the side plate 9, so that the elastic telescopic seat 4 is compressed or extended, ensuring that the spray head 603 always maintains a relatively constant impact distance with the inner wall of the sand bucket body 2 during the movement. S4: Automatic spray angle adjustment: Yaw adjustment: When the reciprocating screw 1001 rotates, it drives the sleeve 11 to reciprocate linearly along its axis through the thread transmission. The sleeve 11 pushes or pulls the first rotating tube 601 through the connecting rod 111, causing it to swing back and forth around the connection point with the base 6. Pitch linkage: The swing of the first rotating tube 601 will drive the second rotating tube 602 at its end and the driven bevel gear 115 to move together. Since the driven bevel gear 115 meshes with the fixed bevel gear 114 fixedly installed on the circular base plate 113, the swing of the first rotating tube 601 will force the driven bevel gear 115 to rotate, thereby causing the second rotating tube 602 to deflect relative to the first rotating tube 601. The combination of pitch and yaw motions enables the spray angle of the nozzle 603 to change periodically and automatically in the up-down and left-right directions. When the impact is sprayed into the square receiving tray 202, it can impact and break the mud and sand accumulated in the square receiving tray 202; When the conical bucket 201 is sprayed with impact, its reciprocating oscillation characteristics are used to shear and impact the mud and sand in the vortex, break up the clumps, and promote mixing. S5: Stopping Phase After the operation is completed, first stop feeding mud and sand, then keep the spraying device and water inlet running for a short time to rinse the sand hopper body 2 clean, and finally turn off all power and water sources.

[0034] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silt-prevention spraying device for a sand transport hopper, comprising an annular seat (3) fixedly connected to the hopper body (2) via a first bracket (1), characterized in that, Also includes: Elastic telescopic seat (4), multiple elastic telescopic seats (4) are provided and are evenly arranged on the annular seat (3) in a circular pattern. Each elastic telescopic seat (4) has a jetting component fixed at one end away from the annular seat (3) for impacting the mud and sand accumulated on the sand bucket body (2). The walking assembly is fixedly connected to the elastic telescopic seat (4) via a connecting frame (5) and is used to drive the spray assembly to move along the annular seat (3); The walking component is provided with an adjustment component for driving the movement of the spray component, and the adjustment component can adjust the spray angle of the spray component to the sand bucket body (2).

2. The anti-siltation spraying device for a sand transport hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular seat (3) includes a walking shell (301), a liquid guiding shell (302), and a connecting column (303) for connecting the walking shell (301) and the liquid guiding shell (302). A first annular plate (3011) is rotatably connected to the walking shell (301), and a second annular plate (3021) is rotatably connected to the liquid guiding shell (302). The elastic telescopic seat (4) is fixedly connected to the second annular plate (3021), and the walking assembly is connected to the first annular plate (3011). A liquid guide pipe (3022) is provided between the second annular plate (3021) and each spray assembly, and the liquid guide shell (302) is connected to the water supply equipment through a water pipe.

3. The anti-siltation spraying device for a sand transport hopper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spray assembly includes a base (6) fixedly connected to one end of the elastic telescopic seat (4), a first rotating tube (601) rotatably disposed on the top of the base (6), a second rotating tube (602) rotatably connected to the end of the first rotating tube (601) away from the base (6), and a spray head (603) disposed at the end of the second rotating tube (602). Rotary joints (604) are provided between the base (6) and the first rotating tube (601) and between the first rotating tube (601) and the second rotating tube (602). The end of the liquid guide tube (3022) away from the second annular plate (3021) is connected to the base (6).

4. The anti-siltation spraying device for a sand transport hopper according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nozzle (603) is a switchable nozzle, including a nozzle body (6031) and a nozzle sleeve (6032) movably disposed at the front end of the nozzle body (6031). The nozzle sleeve (6032) is provided with at least two nozzles with different apertures or different flow channel structures. The nozzle body (6031) is provided with a miniature driving component for driving the nozzle sleeve (6032) to rotate or translate to switch between different nozzles connected to the flow channel of the first rotating tube (601).

5. The anti-siltation spraying device for a sand transfer hopper according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sand hopper body (2) includes a conical hopper body (201) and a square receiving tray (202) fixed on the top of the conical hopper body (201). Each inner wall of the square receiving tray (202) is provided with a number of guide plates (2021) at equal intervals. The bottom two sides of the conical hopper body (201) are respectively provided with a feed inlet (2011) and a discharge outlet (2012).

6. The anti-siltation spraying device for a sand transport hopper according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a frame (8) that is fixedly connected to the sand hopper body (2) via a second bracket (7). The frame (8) is arranged along the edge of the square receiving tray (202). The frame (8) is composed of four side rods (801) and an arc rod (802) for connecting two adjacent side rods (801). A side plate (9) is fixed on the outside of the base (6). Two limiting wheels (901) are connected to the side plate (9) by a pin. The rod of the frame (8) is placed between the two limiting wheels (901). The middle part of the limiting wheel (901) is set as a concave shape to cooperate with the rod of the frame (8).

7. The anti-siltation spraying device for a sand transport hopper according to claim 6, characterized in that, The walking assembly includes a working shell (10) fixedly connected to an elastic telescopic seat (4) via a connecting frame (5), a reciprocating screw (1001) rotatably disposed in the working shell (10), a telescopic rod (1002) slidably disposed with the keyway of the reciprocating screw (1001), a drive gear (1003) disposed at one end of the telescopic rod (1002) away from the reciprocating screw (1001), and a bevel ring (1004) fixed in the walking shell (301) and meshing with the drive gear (1003). The working shell (10) is also provided with a drive motor (1005) for driving the reciprocating screw (1001) to rotate.

8. The anti-siltation spraying device for a sand transport hopper according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a sleeve (11) threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw (1001) and slidably disposed in the working housing (10), and a connecting rod (111) hinged between the sleeve (11) and the first rotating tube (601). The adjustment assembly also includes a support plate (112) fixed to one end of the working shell (10), a circular base plate (113) fixed to the support plate (112), a fixed bevel gear (114) fixed to the circular base plate (113), and a driven bevel gear (115) disposed on the second rotating tube (602) and meshing with the fixed bevel gear (114). The circular base plate (113) and the central axis of the base (6) are on the same straight line.

9. The anti-siltation spraying device for a sand transfer hopper according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top of the circular base plate (113) is rotatably connected to a housing (12), the driven bevel gear (115) and the fixed bevel gear (114) are both placed inside the housing (12), and the second rotating tube (602) is rotatably connected to the housing (12). The working shell (10) is provided with a movable groove (13) for the connecting rod (111) to move, and a sealing plate (131) for sealing the movable groove (13) is fixed on the sleeve (11).

10. A method of using the anti-siltation spraying device for a sand transport hopper according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S1: Preparation Phase The annular seat (3) is fixedly installed on the sand bucket body (2) at an appropriate position through the first bracket (1), the external water supply pipe is connected to the water inlet of the liquid guide shell (302), the drive motor (1005) and the water supply equipment are started, and the device is checked to see if it is operating normally. S2: Sediment Receiving and Mixing Stage The sand is conveyed to the top of the sand bucket body (2) by the belt on the belt boat and falls into the square receiving plate (202). The guide plate (2021) initially diverts and guides the falling mud and sand so that it enters the conical bucket (201) below evenly. Water is pumped in at a certain angle from the feed inlet (2011) at the bottom of the conical bucket (201), forming a vortex flow field inside the conical bucket (201). The mud and sand are mixed with water in the vortex, and finally the slurry is discharged from the discharge outlet (2012) through the pipeline. S3: Injection Operation Phase Circumferential cruising: The drive motor (1005) starts and drives the reciprocating screw (1001) to rotate. The rotational motion is transmitted to the drive gear (1003) through the telescopic rod (1002) which is keyed to the reciprocating screw (1001). The drive gear (1003) meshes with the bevel ring (1004) fixed in the walking shell (301), thereby driving the entire walking assembly to make circumferential motion along the annular walking shell (301); Adaptive positioning: The walking component drives the elastic telescopic seat (4) and the spraying component to move synchronously in a circular motion through the connecting frame (5). During this process, the two limiting wheels (901) on the side of the base (6) roll close to the side rod (801) and arc rod (802) of the frame (8). Since the shape of the frame (8) matches the outer edge of the square receiving tray (202), the limiting wheels (901) are constrained by the frame (8) and push the base (6) through the side plate (9), so that the elastic telescopic seat (4) is compressed or extended, ensuring that the spray head (603) always maintains a relatively constant impact distance with the inner wall of the sand bucket body (2) during the movement. S4: Automatic spray angle adjustment: Yaw adjustment: When the reciprocating screw (1001) rotates, it drives the sleeve (11) to make reciprocating linear motion along its axis through the thread transmission. The sleeve (11) pushes or pulls the first rotating tube (601) through the connecting rod (111), so that it swings back and forth around the connection point with the base (6). Pitch linkage: The swing of the first rotating tube (601) will drive the second rotating tube (602) at its end and the driven bevel gear (115) to move together. Since the driven bevel gear (115) meshes with the fixed bevel gear (114) fixedly installed on the circular base plate (113), the swing of the first rotating tube (601) will force the driven bevel gear (115) to rotate, thereby causing the second rotating tube (602) to deflect relative to the first rotating tube (601); The combination of pitch and yaw motions enables the jet angle of the nozzle (603) to change periodically and automatically in the up-down and left-right directions. When the impact is sprayed into the square receiving tray (202), it can impact and break the mud and sand accumulated in the square receiving tray (202); When the conical bucket (201) is sprayed with impact, its reciprocating oscillation characteristics are used to shear and impact the mud and sand in the vortex, break up the clumps, and promote mixing. S5: Stopping Phase After the operation is completed, first stop feeding mud and sand, then keep the spraying device and water supply running for a short time to rinse the sand bucket body (2), and finally turn off all power and water sources.

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