A cargo locking device, working method and chassis for railway transportation

Abstract

This invention discloses a cargo locking device, working method, and frame for railway transportation, belonging to the technical field of railway freight cars. It includes a support assembly, a locking mechanism, and a baffle assembly. The locking mechanism has a ratchet box mounted on the support assembly, and a ratchet plate assembly inside the ratchet box. A lifting assembly is located at the lower part of the ratchet plate assembly. The baffle assembly is located above the ratchet plate assembly, and the ratchet plate assembly rises under the drive of the lifting assembly to form a one-way lock with the baffle assembly. This invention solves the problems of manual binding required for loading and unloading roll-on / roll-off cargo in existing technologies, the inability to self-lock, and the difficulty in changing direction. It achieves automatic locking after cargo rolls in and rapid reverse switching before unloading, thereby improving loading and unloading efficiency and reducing labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway freight car technology, specifically to a freight locking device, working method, and frame for railway transportation. Background Technology

[0002] When transporting logs, coiled steel, and other volatile goods by rail, flatcars with a post-insertion structure are typically used. These flatcars have insertion holes in the car body; during use, uprights are inserted into these holes, and steel wire ropes are used to secure the logs and prevent them from rolling. However, for transporting trucks, existing flatcars usually rely on individual wheel stops, which must be manually placed and secured to the flatcar floor with straps. Both of these methods of transporting volatile goods have certain problems: First, the column-insertion structure can only prevent the cargo from rolling as a whole after loading. During loading and unloading, logs need to be hoisted one by one or manually pushed and pulled, with columns inserted to limit the movement. This is not only cumbersome but also cannot automatically lock the cargo in place after it has rolled into position during loading. Second, the wheel stops are independent components, requiring manual placement, binding, and removal each time loading and unloading. Assembling a single train can take several hours, resulting in low efficiency. In addition, neither of the above two methods allows for a simple switch of locking direction, requiring repeated operations during loading and unloading, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a cargo locking device, working method, and chassis for railway transportation, which solves the problems of manual binding required for loading and unloading roll-on / roll-off cargo, inability to self-lock, and difficulty in changing direction in the prior art. It realizes automatic locking after the cargo rolls in and rapid reverse switching before unloading, thereby improving loading and unloading efficiency and reducing labor intensity.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect of the invention, a cargo locking device for railway transport is provided, comprising a support assembly, a locking mechanism, and a baffle assembly; The locking mechanism is provided with a ratchet box, which is mounted on the support assembly. The ratchet box contains a ratchet plate assembly, and a lifting assembly is provided at the lower part of the ratchet plate assembly. The baffle assembly is located on the upper part of the ratchet plate assembly. The ratchet plate assembly rises under the drive of the lifting assembly and forms a one-way lock with the baffle assembly.

[0005] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ratchet plate assembly is provided with a first ratchet plate and a second ratchet plate that are symmetrical and have ratchet teeth facing opposite directions, and the first ratchet plate and the second ratchet plate are slidably disposed inside the ratchet box; The lower part of the ratchet assembly is provided with a lifting component, which is configured such that when the first ratchet is raised by the lifting component, the second ratchet is lowered, and when the second ratchet is raised by the lifting component, the first ratchet is lowered.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, the upper part of the first ratchet plate is provided with a semi-circular groove, the arc-shaped edge of the semi-circular groove is provided with a first ratchet tooth, the bottom of the first ratchet plate is provided with a strip-shaped groove along the vertical direction, and a strip-shaped toothed plate is provided on one side of the strip-shaped groove. The upper part of the second ratchet plate is provided with a semi-circular groove, and the arc edge of the semi-circular groove is provided with a second ratchet tooth. The bottom of the second ratchet plate is provided with a strip groove along the vertical direction, and a second strip tooth plate is provided on one side of the strip groove. The first ratchet tooth and the second ratchet tooth face opposite directions, and the first strip tooth plate and the second strip tooth plate are arranged in a mirror image symmetrically.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the lifting assembly is provided with a handwheel, one end of which is equipped with a rotating shaft, and one end of which is equipped with a gear, the two sides of which respectively mesh with a first strip toothed plate and a second strip toothed plate.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, a limiting member is also included. The ratchet box is provided with a plurality of first limiting holes through it along the thickness direction, and the ratchet plate assembly is provided with a plurality of second limiting holes through it along the thickness direction. When the lifting assembly drives the ratchet plate assembly to rise and form a one-way lock with the baffle assembly, the first limiting holes and the second limiting holes are arranged to coincide along the thickness direction of the ratchet box, and the limiting member is arranged in the first limiting holes and the second limiting holes along the thickness direction of the ratchet box.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the limiting member is configured as a U-shaped rod, and the two parallel rod ends of the limiting member are respectively provided with protrusions. The inner walls of the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are provided with limiting grooves, and the protrusions are configured to cooperate with the limiting grooves. The limiting component is provided with a locking clip at the installation position of the ratchet box. The locking clip is configured as a strip-shaped plate structure. The locking clip is provided with an anti-disengagement hole. The anti-disengagement hole is set off from the geometric center of the locking clip. The inner wall of the anti-disengagement hole is provided with a keyway. The keyway is configured to cooperate with the protrusion structure.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the support assembly includes a mounting frame, side plates on both sides of the mounting frame, and a ratchet box between the two side plates; a connecting plate is also provided on one side of the mounting frame, a support block is provided on the connecting plate, a mounting plate is provided between the two support blocks, and a lifting assembly is mounted on the mounting plate.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the baffle assembly is provided with a baffle shaft, the baffle shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame, and sleeves are installed on the baffle shaft at a predetermined distance along the axial direction. Two mounting grooves are provided on the sleeves radially symmetrically, and baffles are slidably installed in the two mounting grooves respectively. The sleeve has a strip-shaped hole on its side, and a locking element is provided at the strip-shaped hole. The locking element passes through the strip-shaped hole and is connected to the baffle.

[0012] In a second aspect of the invention, a method for operating a cargo locking device for railway transportation is provided, comprising: Rotate the handwheel of the lifting assembly to drive the gear to rotate. The gear simultaneously drives the first ratchet plate and the second ratchet plate to rise and fall in opposite directions, so that the first ratchet plate rises to form a one-way locking position with the baffle assembly, and the second ratchet plate falls to the unlocked position. After the first limiting hole on the ratchet box coincides with the second limiting hole on the ratchet plate assembly, the locking clip is placed on the end of the limiting member, the limiting member is inserted into the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole along the thickness direction, and the keyway on the inner wall of the locking clip's anti-disengagement hole is misaligned and locked with the protrusion structure at the end of the limiting member. When switching the locking direction, manually align the locking clip so that the keyway on the inner wall of the anti-disengagement hole is aligned with the protruding structure. Pull out the limiting piece, turn the handwheel in the opposite direction so that the second ratchet plate rises to form a one-way locking position with the baffle assembly, and the first ratchet plate falls to the unlocking position. Insert the limiting piece again and rely on the weight of the locking clip to lock it in place.

[0013] In a third aspect of the invention, a frame is provided, including the aforementioned cargo locking device for railway transport, wherein the support assembly is mounted on the bottom of the frame, the frame is provided with a plurality of longitudinal beams, the plurality of longitudinal beams are spaced apart by a predetermined distance, the baffle assemblies are respectively disposed between the intervals of the plurality of longitudinal beams, the baffle assemblies are extended at intervals in a vertical state, and the baffle assemblies are retracted at intervals in a horizontal state.

[0014] One or more technical solutions of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: When goods roll onto the flatcar, the tires or goods push the baffle forward to rotate. The baffle slides along the ratchet ramp of the raised first or second ratchet plate to make way. After the goods pass, the baffle automatically resets, and the vertical surface of the baffle locks with the vertical surface of the ratchet, preventing the goods from rolling back. No manual binding is required, which completely solves the problem that the existing column-insertion structure cannot lock automatically.

[0015] Furthermore, the operator only needs to pull out the limiting piece and turn the handwheel, and the ratchet will simultaneously drive the first and second ratchet plates to rise and fall in opposite directions, so that the locking direction is reversed; the limiting piece is then inserted again and locked by the locking clip to complete the switching. The entire process does not require the removal of any binding parts, which solves the drawbacks of the existing technology, such as the difficulty in switching directions and the repetitive loading and unloading operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the ratchet box provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2A schematic diagram of the ratchet box provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first ratchet plate provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting member provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the locking card provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking card position provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle shaft provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal beam provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle frame provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle frame provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the locking device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Ratchet box; 2. Ratchet plate assembly; 2.1. First ratchet plate; 2.2. Second ratchet plate; 3. Rotary shaft hanging plate; 4. Support assembly; 4.1. Mounting bracket; 4.2. Side plate; 4.3. Connecting plate; 4.4. Support block; 4.5. Mounting plate; 5. Lifting assembly; 5.1. Handwheel; 5.2. Rotary shaft; 5.3. Ratchet; 5.4. Locking clip; 6. Baffle assembly; 6.1. Baffle; 6.2. Sleeve; 6.3. Locking element; 6.4. Baffle shaft; 7. Frame; 7.1. Longitudinal beam; 7.2. Center beam; 7.3. Pillar beam; 7.4. Platform; 8. Limiting element. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a cargo locking device, a working method, and a car frame for railway transportation are proposed. The locking device is suitable for railway flatcars carrying roll-on / roll-off cargo or automobiles. It can achieve self-locking of roll-on / roll-off cargo after loading and reduce the operational difficulty during unloading, thereby improving the efficiency of loading and unloading.

[0020] The existing technical problems addressed in this embodiment are as described above: When transporting roll-on / roll-off goods such as logs, existing column-insertion type railway flatcars require individual hoisting or manual pushing and pulling of logs with column insertion for limiting during loading and unloading, making it impossible to achieve automatic locking after the goods have rolled into place; while when transporting automobiles, relying on independent wheel stops requires manual placement, binding, and removal each time loading and unloading, and a single train formation takes several hours, resulting in low efficiency. In addition, neither of the above two methods allows for a simple switch of locking direction, requiring repeated operations during loading and unloading, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0021] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a cargo locking device for railway transportation, a working method, and a vehicle frame 7. Figures 1 to 13 A schematic diagram of the relevant structure of this embodiment is shown. The locking device of this embodiment includes a support assembly 4, a locking mechanism, and a baffle assembly 6. The locking mechanism includes a ratchet box 1, which is mounted on the support assembly 4. The ratchet box 1 contains a ratchet plate assembly 2, and a lifting assembly 5 is located at the lower part of the ratchet plate assembly 2. The baffle assembly 6 is located above the ratchet plate assembly 2, and the ratchet plate assembly 2 rises under the drive of the lifting assembly 5 to form a one-way lock with the baffle assembly 6. The baffle assembly 6 includes a baffle 6.1, a sleeve 6.2, a locking element 6.3, a baffle shaft 6.4, and a baffle plate.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a ratchet box. The ratchet box 1 has no top cap, and both the upper and lower parts of the front and rear panels have arc-shaped notches, with insertion holes for raised structures on both sides. A rotating shaft lifting plate 3 is welded to the front side of the panels. The inner width of the ratchet box 1 is almost equal to the width of the ratchet plate assembly 2, ensuring that the ratchet plate assembly 2 can only rise and fall along the ratchet box wall without tilting. This design ensures the stability of the ratchet plate assembly 2 during lifting and lowering, avoiding jamming or locking failure due to tilting.

[0023] like Figure 2As shown, the ratchet assembly 2 has two mirror-symmetrical ratchet plates 2.1 and 2.2 with oppositely oriented ratchet teeth. The upper part of the first ratchet plate 2.1 has a semi-circular groove with a first ratchet tooth on its arc-shaped edge. The bottom of the first ratchet plate 2.1 has a vertically oriented strip groove with a strip-shaped toothed plate on one side. The upper part of the second ratchet plate 2.2 has a semi-circular groove with a second ratchet tooth on its arc-shaped edge. The bottom of the second ratchet plate 2.2 has a vertically oriented strip groove with a second strip-shaped toothed plate on one side. The first and second ratchet teeth face opposite directions, and the first and second strip-shaped toothed plates are mirror-symmetrically arranged. Specifically, the ratchet teeth of the first ratchet plate 2.1 face the vehicle's forward direction, and the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet plate 2.2 face the vehicle's reverse direction. The two ratchet plates are mirror-symmetrically arranged within the ratchet box 1, allowing for automatic position locking during loading and unloading by selecting and raising the corresponding ratchet plate to achieve one-way locking in different directions.

[0024] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 The diagram shows the support assembly 4, which includes a mounting bracket 4.1. Side plates 4.2 are located on both sides of the mounting bracket 4.1, and a ratchet box 1 is positioned between the two side plates 4.2. A connecting plate 4.3 is also located on one side of the mounting bracket 4.1. Support blocks 4.4 are mounted on the connecting plate 4.3, and a mounting plate 4.5 is positioned between the two support blocks 4.4. A lifting assembly 5 is mounted on the mounting plate 4.5. The entire support assembly 4 is securely mounted on the frame 7 by welding, providing a stable support foundation for the entire locking device.

[0025] See Figure 4 The lifting assembly 5 is equipped with a handwheel 5.1, with a rotating shaft 5.2 mounted on one end of the handwheel 5.1 and a ratchet 5.3 mounted on the other end of the rotating shaft 5.2. The two sides of the ratchet 5.3 mesh with the toothed plates of the first ratchet plate 2.1 and the second toothed plates of the second ratchet plate 2.2, respectively. The handwheel 5.1 is located at the mounting plate 4.5, facilitating operation from the side of the vehicle. The ratchet 5.3 is positioned between the two ratchet plates. When the handwheel 5.1 is turned, the rotating shaft 5.2 drives the ratchet 5.3 to rotate, simultaneously driving the first ratchet plate 2.1 and the second ratchet plate 2.2 to move in opposite directions. Specifically, the protruding part of the ratchet 5.3 lifts one of the opposing ratchet plates while lowering the other. This design, using a single gear to simultaneously drive the two ratchet plates in opposite directions, ensures that the movement of the two ratchet plates is synchronous and opposite, allowing for a single operation to switch the locking direction.

[0026] See Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 . Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component 8. Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the card locking mechanism. Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the locking position. The limiting member 8 is a U-shaped rod, with protrusions at each of its two parallel rod ends. The ratchet box 1 has multiple first limiting holes extending along its thickness, and the ratchet plate assembly 2 has multiple second limiting holes extending along its thickness. When the lifting assembly 5 drives the ratchet plate assembly 2 to rise and form a one-way lock with the baffle assembly 6, the first and second limiting holes coincide along the thickness of the ratchet box 1, and the limiting member 8 is positioned within the first and second limiting holes along the thickness of the ratchet box 1. The inner walls of the first and second limiting holes have limiting grooves, and the protrusions cooperate with the limiting grooves.

[0027] A locking clip 5.4 is provided at the mounting position of the limiting component 8 and the ratchet box 1. The locking clip 5.4 is a strip-shaped plate structure with an anti-disengagement hole offset from its geometric center. The inner wall of the anti-disengagement hole has a keyway that mates with the protruding structure. The function of the locking clip 5.4 is to prevent the limiting component 8 from being directly pulled out or accidentally ejected during non-maintenance periods. Because the anti-disengagement hole is offset from the geometric center of the locking clip 5.4, the center of gravity of the locking clip 5.4 does not coincide with the axis of the anti-disengagement hole. Under the action of gravity, the locking clip 5.4 naturally droops, and the keyway on the inner wall of its anti-disengagement hole is misaligned with the protruding structure at the end of the limiting component 8. At this time, the limiting component 8 cannot be pulled out. When it is necessary to completely remove the limiting component 8, the operator needs to manually straighten the locking clip 5.4 so that the keyway on the inner wall of the anti-disengagement hole is aligned with the protruding structure, and then the limiting component 8 can be pulled out. This anti-detachment design, which utilizes the offset of the center of gravity, requires no additional springs or locking components. It has a simple structure and high reliability, effectively preventing the limit component 8 from accidentally detaching due to vibrations during vehicle operation.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of baffle shaft 6.4. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle assembly 6. The baffle assembly 6 includes a baffle shaft 6.4, which is rotatably mounted on the frame 7. The baffle shaft 6.4 has a multi-segment anti-rotation protrusion structure and axle stops at both ends. The axle stops need to be welded to the baffle shaft 6.4 after it is installed on the underframe. Sleeves 6.2 are installed on the baffle shaft 6.4 at predetermined axial intervals. Two mounting grooves are symmetrically arranged radially on the sleeves 6.2, and baffles 6.1 are slidably installed in each groove. A strip-shaped hole is provided on the side of the sleeve 6.2, and a locking element 6.3 is provided at the strip-shaped hole, passing through the hole and connecting to the baffle.

[0029] The end angle of baffle 6.1 is set to match the ratchet teeth on the ratchet plate. This angular fit ensures that baffle 6.1 can reliably engage with the ratchet teeth groove, achieving one-way locking. A strip-shaped hole is provided on the side of baffle 6.1, allowing the locking assembly to move within the hole, thereby moving baffle 6.1 within the mounting groove and adjusting its extension position. The engagement state of baffle 6.1 with the ratchet teeth determines whether the baffle can rotate, thus restricting the direction of cargo rolling.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal beam. Figure 11 Schematic diagram of frame 7 Figure 1 , Figure 12 Schematic diagram of frame 7 Figure 2 The frame 7 includes longitudinal beams 7.1, a center beam 7.2, a bolster beam 7.3, and a leaf spring 7.4. Multiple longitudinal beams 7.1 are provided on the frame 7, spaced at predetermined intervals. Baffle assemblies 6 are respectively disposed between the intervals of the longitudinal beams 7.1. The longitudinal beams 7.1 and the center beam 7.2 of the frame 7 are provided with mounting holes for baffle shafts 6.4. The leaf spring 7.4 is not provided within the rotation length range of the baffle of the locking device; that is, the leaf spring 7.4 is partially absent in the rotation path of the baffle, ensuring that the baffle and the baffle 6.1 can rotate freely around the baffle shaft 6.4 without interference from the leaf spring 7.4.

[0031] The baffle assembly 6 extends at intervals in the vertical position, where it is in its working position and can prevent goods from rolling. In the horizontal position, the baffle assembly 6 retracts at intervals, where it is in its stored position and does not occupy the passage space for goods. This design with partial gaps in the platform allows the baffle to be completely recessed below the platform plane, avoiding interference with the normal rolling of goods, while ensuring that the baffle automatically returns to its vertical working position after the goods have passed.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the locking device, showing the positional relationship and fit of each component in the assembled state.

[0033] The locking device provided in this embodiment changes the rotatable direction of the upper baffle by rotating the handwheel, so that the goods can only pass on one side and prevent the goods from rolling off.

[0034] Specifically, when one of the first ratchet plate 2.1 and the second ratchet plate 2.2 is lifted by the ratchet 5.3, the ratchet teeth of that plate are in a higher position, engaging with the baffle 6.1. Since the baffle 6.1 is coaxially mounted and rotates synchronously with the baffle, when the cargo pushes the baffle from the permitted entry direction, the baffle 6.1 slides along the inclined surface of the ratchet teeth, allowing the baffle to rotate and the cargo to pass through. When the cargo attempts to retreat from the opposite direction, the end of the baffle 6.1 engages with the vertical surface of the ratchet teeth, preventing the baffle from rotating in the opposite direction, thus locking the cargo behind the baffle. Conversely, when the other ratchet plate is lifted, the locking direction is reversed.

[0035] During loading operations, taking a transport vehicle as an example, the locking direction is first set according to the vehicle's entry direction. The operator pulls out the limiting piece 8, completely disengaging it from the ratchet box 1. Then, the operator rotates the handwheel 5.1, which drives the rotating shaft 5.2, thereby rotating the ratchet 5.3. Assuming the vehicle needs to enter from the front, the operator rotates the handwheel 5.1 clockwise, causing the ratchet 5.3 to lift the ratchet plate facing the rear of the vehicle while lowering the ratchet plate facing the front. At this time, the ratchet plate facing the rear of the vehicle is in the raised position, and its ratchet teeth engage with the baffle 6.1. After completing the direction selection, the operator pushes the limiting piece 8 back into the ratchet box 1 to reset it. The limiting piece 8 passes through the insertion hole of the connecting plate 4.3 and the insertion hole of the ratchet plate, locking the position of the ratchet plate. At this time, the locking clip 5.4 automatically droops under the action of gravity, and the keyway on the inner wall of its anti-disengagement hole is misaligned with the protruding structure at the end of the limiting member 8 to prevent the limiting member 8 from accidentally disengaging.

[0036] As the car approaches from the front, the tires first contact the barriers. Since the barriers are currently in a vertical position, the tires push the barriers forward around the barrier shaft 6.4. Barrier 6.1 rotates synchronously with the barrier shaft 6.4, and its end slides along the inclined surface of the ratchet teeth of the raised ratchet plate, allowing the barrier to rotate forward. After the tires have passed, the barriers automatically return to a vertical position under gravity. If the car then attempts to reverse, the tires will push the barriers to rotate backward, and the end of barrier 6.1 will engage with the vertical surface of the ratchet teeth of the ratchet plate, preventing the barriers from rotating backward and thus locking the car tires in front of the barriers. After each row of tires passes through multiple barriers in sequence, all barriers are locked, and the car is reliably locked to the flatcar without any additional wheel stops or straps.

[0037] When unloading is required, the operator manually aligns the locking clip 5.4 so that the keyway on the inner wall of the anti-disengagement hole of the locking clip 5.4 aligns with the protruding structure at the end of the limiting member 8, and pulls the limiting member 8 outward. Then, the handwheel 5.1 is turned in the opposite direction, i.e., counterclockwise. The ratchet 5.3 lifts the ratchet plate facing forward of the vehicle and lowers the ratchet plate facing rearward. At this time, the locking direction is reversed, and the baffle can rotate backward but not forward. After the operator pushes the limiting member 8 back to its original position, the car can reverse out from the front. When the tires push the baffle backward, the baffle rotates backward to make way, and the car reverses smoothly. After the car reverses, the baffle automatically resets, but since the locking direction is now reversed, the baffle will not obstruct the car from reversing.

[0038] The operating principle is exactly the same for transporting cylindrical goods such as logs. As the logs roll along the platform, they are automatically locked in place after the baffles are pushed open one by one, eliminating the need for individual binding. When unloading, the locking direction is switched, and the logs can roll out unidirectionally along the ramp, achieving semi-automated loading and unloading.

[0039] It should be noted that the locking device in this invention can also be located in the middle of the vehicle or other suitable positions to adapt to the specific needs of vehicle operation. For example, for vehicles that require bidirectional loading and unloading, independent locking devices can be installed at both ends of the vehicle; for extra-long cargo, multiple sets of locking devices can be installed along the length of the vehicle to lock the cargo in sections.

[0040] In this embodiment, the locking device allows for automatic resetting and locking of the cargo's backward movement after the baffles are pushed open sequentially during the loading of the flatcar, eliminating the need for any manual binding. This effect is achieved through the unidirectional meshing characteristics of the ratchet plate and baffle 6.1, the gravity-based resetting characteristics of the baffles, and the selective lifting of the ratchet plate by the ratchet wheel 5.3.

[0041] The operator only needs to perform two simple actions—pulling the limiter 8 and turning the handwheel 5.1—to reverse the locking direction, and the entire process takes no more than one minute. This effect is achieved through the gear and rack engagement between the ratchet 5.3 and the two ratchet plates, as well as the selective locking of the ratchet plate position by the limiter 8.

[0042] Lock 5.4 utilizes a center-of-gravity offset design to maintain the anti-dislodgement state of the limiting component 8 in the non-operational state, requiring no manual intervention. This effect is achieved by the eccentric hole design of lock 5.4 and its natural drooping characteristic under the action of gravity.

[0043] The baffle assembly 6 is positioned between the longitudinal beams 7.1, with a partial gap in the platform 7.4 within the baffle's rotation range. This allows the baffle to be completely recessed below the plane of the platform 7.4 when not in use, without obstructing cargo passage or affecting the normal use of the flatcar. This effect is achieved through the combined structural design of the spacing between the longitudinal beams 7.1 of the frame 7 and the partial gap in the platform 7.4.

[0044] Throughout the loading and unloading process, operators only need to operate the handwheel 5.1 and the limit piece 8 once before loading and once before unloading. There is no need to bind each vehicle or each piece of cargo, which greatly reduces labor intensity and improves loading and unloading efficiency.

[0045] In summary, the roll-on / roll-off cargo locking device for railway freight cars provided by the embodiments of the present invention solves the problems of manual binding, inability to self-lock, and difficulty in direction switching in the prior art when loading and unloading roll-on / roll-off cargo through the ingenious cooperation of components such as the first ratchet plate 2.1, the second ratchet plate 2.2, the ratchet 5.3, the baffle 6.1, and the baffle. It realizes self-locking during loading and rapid direction switching during unloading, significantly improving loading and unloading efficiency and reducing labor intensity.

[0046] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cargo locking device for railway transportation, characterized in that, Includes the support assembly, locking mechanism, and baffle assembly; The locking mechanism is provided with a ratchet box, which is mounted on the support assembly. The ratchet box contains a ratchet plate assembly, and a lifting assembly is provided at the lower part of the ratchet plate assembly. The baffle assembly is located on the upper part of the ratchet plate assembly. The ratchet plate assembly rises under the drive of the lifting assembly and forms a one-way lock with the baffle assembly.

2. The cargo locking device for railway transportation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ratchet plate assembly has a first ratchet plate and a second ratchet plate that are symmetrical and have ratchet teeth facing opposite directions. The first ratchet plate and the second ratchet plate are slidably disposed inside the ratchet box. The lower part of the ratchet assembly is provided with a lifting component, which is configured such that when the first ratchet is raised by the lifting component, the second ratchet is lowered, and when the second ratchet is raised by the lifting component, the first ratchet is lowered.

3. A cargo locking device for railway transportation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The upper part of the first ratchet plate is provided with a semi-circular groove, and the arc edge of the semi-circular groove is provided with a first ratchet tooth. The bottom of the first ratchet plate is provided with a strip-shaped groove along the vertical direction, and a strip-shaped tooth plate is provided on one side of the strip-shaped groove. The upper part of the second ratchet plate is provided with a semi-circular groove, and the arc edge of the semi-circular groove is provided with a second ratchet tooth. The bottom of the second ratchet plate is provided with a strip groove along the vertical direction, and a second strip tooth plate is provided on one side of the strip groove. The first ratchet tooth and the second ratchet tooth face opposite directions, and the first strip tooth plate and the second strip tooth plate are arranged in a mirror image symmetrically.

4. A cargo locking device for railway transportation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The lifting assembly is equipped with a handwheel, one end of which is fitted with a rotating shaft, and the other end of which is fitted with a gear. The two sides of the gear mesh with a first toothed plate and a second toothed plate, respectively.

5. A cargo locking device for railway transportation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting component. The ratchet box is provided with a plurality of first limiting holes along the thickness direction, and the ratchet plate assembly is provided with a plurality of second limiting holes along the thickness direction. When the lifting assembly drives the ratchet plate assembly to rise and form a one-way lock with the baffle assembly, the first limiting holes and the second limiting holes are arranged to coincide along the thickness direction of the ratchet box, and the limiting component is arranged in the first limiting holes and the second limiting holes along the thickness direction of the ratchet box.

6. A cargo locking device for railway transportation as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting member is configured as a U-shaped rod, and the two parallel rod ends of the limiting member are respectively provided with protruding structures. The inner walls of the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are provided with limiting grooves, and the protruding structures are configured to cooperate with the limiting grooves. The limiting component is provided with a locking clip at the installation position of the ratchet box. The locking clip is configured as a strip-shaped plate structure. The locking clip is provided with an anti-disengagement hole. The anti-disengagement hole is set off from the geometric center of the locking clip. The inner wall of the anti-disengagement hole is provided with a keyway. The keyway is configured to cooperate with the protrusion structure.

7. A cargo locking device for railway transportation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly includes a mounting frame with side plates on both sides and a ratchet box between the two side plates; a connecting plate is also provided on one side of the mounting frame, with a support block on the connecting plate, and a mounting plate between the two support blocks, on which a lifting assembly is mounted.

8. A cargo locking device for railway transportation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle assembly is provided with a baffle shaft, which is rotatably mounted on the vehicle frame. Sleeves are installed on the baffle shaft at a set distance along the axial direction. Two mounting grooves are symmetrically provided on the sleeves along the radial direction, and baffles are slidably installed in the two mounting grooves respectively. The sleeve has a strip-shaped hole on its side, and a locking element is provided at the strip-shaped hole. The locking element passes through the strip-shaped hole and is connected to the baffle.

9. The operating method of a cargo locking device for railway transportation as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: Rotate the handwheel of the lifting assembly to drive the gear to rotate. The gear simultaneously drives the first ratchet plate and the second ratchet plate to rise and fall in opposite directions, so that the first ratchet plate rises to form a one-way locking position with the baffle assembly, and the second ratchet plate falls to the unlocked position. After the first limiting hole on the ratchet box coincides with the second limiting hole on the ratchet plate assembly, the locking clip is placed on the end of the limiting member, the limiting member is inserted into the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole along the thickness direction, and the keyway on the inner wall of the locking clip's anti-disengagement hole is misaligned and locked with the protrusion structure at the end of the limiting member. When switching the locking direction, manually align the locking clip so that the keyway on the inner wall of the anti-disengagement hole is aligned with the protruding structure. Pull out the limiting piece, turn the handwheel in the opposite direction so that the second ratchet plate rises to form a one-way locking position with the baffle assembly, and the first ratchet plate falls to the unlocking position. Insert the limiting piece again and rely on the weight of the locking clip to lock it in place.

10. A vehicle frame, characterized in that, The invention includes a cargo locking device for railway transportation as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the support assembly is installed at the bottom of the frame, the frame is provided with a plurality of longitudinal beams, the plurality of longitudinal beams are arranged at intervals, the baffle assemblies are respectively arranged between the intervals of the plurality of longitudinal beams, the baffle assemblies are arranged at intervals in a vertical state, and the baffle assemblies are arranged at intervals in a horizontal state.

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