A kind of unmanned plane parking garage and monitoring method for landslide field monitoring

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of landslide monitoring, in particular to a kind of unmanned plane parking depot for landslide field monitoring and monitoring method;The unmanned plane parking depot for landslide field monitoring provided by the present application can solve the problem that the rotating wing of existing unmanned plane is easy to collide with the side wall of parking depot when flying into the parking depot, and then damage the unmanned plane;First, the first cover plate and the second cover plate are driven to rotate synchronously by the second driving part to open the top opening of the library body, then the lifting plate is driven to rise vertically by the first driving part, and finally the bearing plate is stretched upward from the top opening of the library body, so that the bearing plate for bearing unmanned plane is completely stretched outside the library body, which is more convenient for unmanned plane to perform landing and parking operation, avoids the collision between the rotating wing of unmanned plane and the side wall of library body when landing inside the library body, and further guarantees the use safety of unmanned plane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of landslide monitoring technology, specifically to a drone docking station and monitoring method for landslide field monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Landslides, usually triggered by earthquakes or heavy rainfall, can cause property damage and casualties. Currently, the common method for monitoring landslide-prone areas is through field investigators and the deployment of wireless sensor networks. However, since landslide-prone areas are often scattered in harsh environments, it is difficult for staff to access these areas, which reduces the efficiency of landslide monitoring.

[0003] With the rapid development of drone technology in terms of low cost and high performance, drones have begun to be used in landslide monitoring tasks. Compared with manual monitoring, drones can more efficiently monitor landslide risks in the area under test. Due to the limitations of endurance and range, drones often need to make round trips to recharge during landslide monitoring tasks. Therefore, drone hangars are needed to store and protect drones. Drone hangars can also charge drones. However, when existing drones fly into hangars, their rotating wings are prone to colliding with the side walls of the hangars, which can damage the drones. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a drone parking facility and monitoring method for landslide field monitoring, aiming to solve the problem that when a drone flies into the parking facility, its rotating wings are prone to colliding with the side wall of the parking facility, thus damaging the drone.

[0005] The technical solution proposed in this invention is as follows: A drone docking bay for landslide field monitoring includes a bay body, a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a lifting plate, a support plate, a guide component, a first drive component, and a second drive component. The bay body includes a first side plate and a second side plate, both vertically arranged opposite each other. The top of the bay body is open. The guide component is disposed within the bay body, and the lifting plate is connected to the guide component, which restricts the lifting plate to move only in the vertical direction. The support plate is horizontally disposed above the lifting plate. The first drive component drives the lifting plate to move vertically up and down, allowing the support plate to extend upwards beyond the top opening of the bay body. The support plate is used for... The system supports a drone; the bottom of the drone is provided with multiple support plates, and the lower surfaces of each support plate are on the same plane; multiple contact plates are embedded in each support plate; the number of contact plates and support plates are the same and correspond one-to-one; an electromagnet is provided on the lower surface of each contact plate, and the electromagnet can be activated to make the contact plate magnetic, so as to attract and fix the corresponding support plate; the first cover plate is hinged to the outer wall of the first side plate, and the second cover plate is hinged to the outer wall of the second side plate; the second driving component is used to drive the first cover plate and the second cover plate to rotate synchronously, so that the first cover plate and the second cover plate can close or open the top opening of the storage body.

[0006] Preferably, there are four support plates and four contact plates; both the support plates and the contact plates are metal plates; and the upper surface of the contact plates is flush with the upper surface of the bearing plate.

[0007] Preferably, the guiding component includes guide posts and guide sleeves; there are four guide posts and four guide sleeves, which correspond one-to-one; the four guide posts are vertically arranged at the four corners of the tank body, and the guide sleeves are slidably fitted onto the corresponding guide posts; the four corners of the lifting plate are fixedly connected to the four guide sleeves.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes a controller; the first driving component includes a first motor and a lead screw; the lead screw is rotatably disposed within the magazine body and is vertically disposed; the lead screw is located between two adjacent guide columns; one side of the lifting plate is provided with an outwardly extending protrusion; the protrusion has a threaded hole; the lead screw is fitted through the threaded hole; the first motor is used to drive the lead screw to rotate; the controller is used to control the start and stop of the first motor and the direction of rotation, as well as the start and stop of the electromagnet.

[0009] Preferably, the second driving component includes a first rotating shaft, a first worm gear, a first worm, and a second motor; the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first side plate and is horizontally arranged; one end of the first cover plate is vertically fixed to a first rotating arm; the first rotating arm is fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft; the first worm gear is coaxially connected to the first rotating shaft; the first worm meshes with the first worm gear; the container body also includes a third side plate and a fourth side plate that are vertically arranged relative to each other, with the third side plate located between the first side plate and the second side plate; the second motor is disposed on the outer wall of the third side plate and is used to drive the first worm to rotate, thereby driving the first cover plate to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, the second driving component further includes a second rotating shaft, a second worm gear, a second worm, and a third rotating shaft; the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second side plate and is horizontally positioned; a second rotating arm is vertically fixed to one end of the second cover plate; the second rotating arm is fixedly sleeved on the second rotating shaft; the second worm gear is coaxially connected to the second rotating shaft; the second worm meshes with the second worm gear; the third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the third side plate; the first worm and the second worm are coaxially connected to both ends of the third rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft is parallel to the second rotating shaft and perpendicular to the third rotating shaft; the threaded directions of the first worm and the second worm are opposite; the second motor is used to drive the third rotating shaft to rotate.

[0011] This invention also proposes a UAV monitoring method for landslide field monitoring, applied to a UAV depot for landslide field monitoring; the UAV is equipped with a GPS module, lidar, camera, and wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is connected to a remote control terminal; the method includes: The remote control terminal sends multiple monitoring location points corresponding to the area to be tested to the drone through the wireless communication module. The area to be tested is divided into multiple sub-areas, and each sub-area corresponds to one monitoring location point. The drone takes off from the drone depot based on the GPS module and flies sequentially to each monitoring location. After hovering at each monitoring location, it collects observation data, which includes point cloud data collected by lidar and image data collected by camera. The drone transmits the observation data corresponding to each monitoring location point to the remote control terminal through the wireless communication module. The remote control terminal determines the landslide risk level of each sub-region based on the observation data corresponding to each monitoring location point.

[0012] Preferably, the remote control terminal determines the landslide risk level of each sub-region based on the observation data corresponding to each monitoring location point, including: The remote control terminal will use an edge detection algorithm to identify surface cracks in the image data of a sub-region based on the image data in the observation data, and obtain the crack width and crack length of the surface crack. The remote control terminal uses an image segmentation algorithm to segment the vegetation area from the image data of the sub-region, and calculates the ratio of the vegetation area to the area of ​​the sub-region to obtain the vegetation coverage rate. The remote control terminal generates a three-dimensional terrain model corresponding to a sub-region based on point cloud data in the observation data and a triangular mesh construction algorithm. The three-dimensional terrain model corresponding to the sub-region includes multiple triangular meshes. The remote control terminal calculates the slope value of each triangular grid in the three-dimensional terrain model corresponding to the sub-region, and takes the average of the slope values ​​of each triangular grid as the overall slope value of the sub-region. The remote control terminal determines the landslide risk level of each sub-region based on the crack width, crack length, vegetation coverage, and overall slope value.

[0013] Preferably, the remote control terminal determines the landslide risk level of each sub-region based on the crack width, crack length, vegetation coverage, and overall slope value, including: When the first condition is met, the remote control terminal determines that the landslide risk level of the sub-area is low risk. The first condition is: the overall slope value is ≤30°, the width of the crack diagram is ≤1mm, the length of the crack diagram is ≤1m, and the vegetation coverage is ≥80%. When the second condition is met, the remote control terminal determines that the landslide risk level of the sub-area is high risk. The second condition for high risk is: overall slope value > 45°, crack width shown in the diagram ≥ 5mm, crack width shown in the diagram ≥ 5m, and vegetation coverage ≤ 40%. When neither the first nor the second condition is met, the remote control terminal determines that the landslide risk level corresponding to the sub-area is medium risk.

[0014] The above technical solution can achieve the following beneficial effects: The UAV landing bay proposed in this invention for landslide field monitoring solves the problem that existing UAVs are prone to collisions with the side walls of the landing bay when they fly in, thus damaging the UAVs. In specific use, the first and second cover plates are driven to rotate synchronously by the second drive component to open the top opening of the bay. Then, the lifting plate is driven to rise vertically by the first drive component, so that the support plate extends upwards from the top opening of the bay. In this way, the support plate for carrying the UAV extends completely outside the bay, making it easier for the UAV to perform landing and landing operations, avoiding collisions between the rotating wings and the side walls of the bay when the UAV lands inside, and further ensuring the safety of UAV use. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an embodiment of a drone docking bay for landslide field monitoring proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of a drone docking bay for landslide field monitoring proposed in this invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 110. Warehouse body; 120. First side plate; 130. Second side plate; 140. Third side plate; 150. Fourth side plate; 160. First cover plate; 170. Second cover plate; 180. First rotating arm; 190. Second rotating arm; 210. First rotating shaft; 220. Second rotating shaft; 230. First worm gear; 240. Second worm gear; 250. First worm; 260. Second worm; 270. Third rotating shaft; 280. Second motor; 290. Protective cover; 310. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV); 320. Contact plate; 330. Bearing plate; 340. Support plate; 350. Electromagnet; 360. Lifting plate; 370. Guide column; 380. Guide sleeve; 390. Protrusion; 410. Lead screw.

[0018] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0020] This invention proposes a drone parking facility and monitoring method for landslide field monitoring.

[0021] As attached Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of a drone parking facility for landslide field monitoring proposed in this invention, the drone parking facility for landslide field monitoring includes a parking body 110, a first cover plate 160, a second cover plate 170, a lifting plate 360, a support plate 330, a guide component, a first drive component, and a second drive component. The parking body 110 includes a first side plate 120 and a second side plate 130 that are opposite each other and vertically arranged. The top of the parking body 110 is open. The guide component is disposed inside the parking body 110, and the lifting plate 360 ​​is connected to the guide component. The guide component is used to restrict the lifting plate 360 ​​to move only in the vertical direction. The support plate 330 is horizontally disposed above the lifting plate 360. The first drive component is used to drive the lifting plate 360 ​​to move vertically, so that the support plate 330 can extend upward from the parking body 110. The top opening is provided; a support plate 330 is used to support the drone 310; multiple support plates 340 are provided at the bottom of the drone 310, and the lower surfaces of each support plate 340 are on the same plane; multiple contact plates 320 are embedded in the support plate 330; the number of contact plates 320 and support plates 340 are the same and correspond one-to-one; an electromagnet 350 is provided on the lower surface of the contact plate 320, and the electromagnet 350 can be activated to make the contact plate 320 magnetic, so as to attract and fix the corresponding support plate 340; a first cover plate 160 is hinged to the outer wall of the first side plate 120, and a second cover plate 170 is hinged to the outer wall of the second side plate 130; a second driving component is used to drive the first cover plate 160 and the second cover plate 170 to rotate synchronously, so that the first cover plate 160 and the second cover plate 170 can close or open the top opening of the storage body 110.

[0022] The UAV landing bay proposed in this invention for landslide field monitoring solves the problem that when the UAV 310 flies into the landing bay, its rotating wings easily collide with the side wall of the landing bay, thus damaging the UAV 310. In specific use, the first cover plate 160 and the second cover plate 170 are driven to rotate synchronously by the second drive component to open the top opening of the landing bay 110 (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 2As shown in the diagram, the lifting plate 360 ​​is then driven vertically upward by the first driving component, so that the support plate 330 extends upward through the top opening of the storage body 110. In this way, the support plate 330 for carrying the drone 310 extends completely outside the storage body 110, making it easier for the drone 310 to perform landing and parking operations. This avoids collisions between the rotating wings of the drone 310 and the side wall of the storage body 110 when the drone 310 lands inside the storage body 110, further ensuring the safety of the drone 310. After the parking operation is completed, the electromagnet 350 is activated, so that each support plate 340 becomes magnetic, thereby attracting and fixing the contact plate 320 that is in contact with it, so as to fix the position of the drone 310 and prevent the drone 310 from shaking inside the storage body 110.

[0023] In addition, there are four support plates 340 and four contact plates 320; both support plates 340 and contact plates 320 are metal plates; the upper surface of the contact plate 320 is flush with the upper surface of the bearing plate 330. The guiding components include guide posts 370 and guide sleeves 380; there are four guide posts 370 and four guide sleeves 380, and they correspond one-to-one; the four guide posts 370 are vertically arranged at the four corners inside the storage body 110, and the guide sleeves 380 are slidably sleeved on the corresponding guide posts 370; the four corners of the lifting plate 360 ​​are fixedly connected to the four guide sleeves 380.

[0024] Meanwhile, the UAV docking station for landslide field monitoring also includes a controller (e.g., a microcontroller); the first drive component includes a first motor and a lead screw 410; the lead screw 410 is rotatably mounted inside the dock body 110 and is vertically mounted; the lead screw 410 is located between two adjacent guide posts 370; a protruding block 390 extending outward is provided on one side of the lifting plate 360; the protruding block 390 has a threaded hole; the lead screw 410 is fitted through the threaded hole; the first motor is used to drive the lead screw 410 to rotate; the controller is used to control the start and stop of the first motor and the direction of rotation, as well as the start and stop of the electromagnet 350.

[0025] The above technical solution improves the structure and function of the first driving component, namely, the first motor drives the lead screw 410 to rotate, thereby driving the protrusion 390 to rise and fall vertically, so as to drive the lifting plate 360 ​​and the bearing plate 330 to rise and fall vertically.

[0026] In addition, the second driving component includes a first rotating shaft 210, a first worm gear 230, a first worm 250, and a second motor 280; the first rotating shaft 210 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first side plate 120, and the first rotating shaft 210 is horizontally arranged; one end of the first cover plate 160 is vertically fixedly connected to a first rotating arm 180; the first rotating arm 180 is fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft 210; the first worm gear 230 is coaxially connected to the first rotating shaft 210; the first worm 250 meshes with the first worm gear 230; the cabinet body 110 also includes a third side plate 140 and a fourth side plate 150 that are vertically arranged relative to each other, the third side plate 140 being located between the first side plate 120 and the second side plate 130; the second motor 280 is disposed on the outer wall of the third side plate 140 and is used to drive the first worm 250 to rotate, thereby driving the first cover plate 160 to rotate.

[0027] Meanwhile, the second drive component also includes a protective cover 290, a second rotating shaft 220, a second worm gear 240, a second worm 260, and a third rotating shaft 270; the second rotating shaft 220 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second side plate 130, and the second rotating shaft 220 is horizontally arranged; one end of the second cover plate 170 is vertically fixedly connected to a second rotating arm 190; the second rotating arm 190 is fixedly sleeved on the second rotating shaft 220; the second worm gear 240 is coaxially connected to the second rotating shaft 220; the second worm 260 meshes with the second worm gear 240; the third rotating shaft 270 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the third side plate 140. The first worm gear 250 and the second worm gear 260 are coaxially connected to both ends of the third rotating shaft 270; the first rotating shaft 210 is parallel to the second rotating shaft 220 and perpendicular to the third rotating shaft 270; the threads of the first worm gear 250 and the second worm gear 260 are screwed in opposite directions; the second motor 280 drives the third rotating shaft 270 to rotate; a protective cover 290 is disposed on the outside of the storage body 110 to cover the second motor 280, the third rotating shaft 270, the first worm gear 250, the second worm gear 260, the first worm wheel 230 and the second worm wheel 240. The inner walls of the first cover plate 160 and the second cover plate 170 are provided with rubber sealing strips for abutting against the top of the storage body 110.

[0028] The above technical solution improves the structure and function of the second drive component. The second motor 280 drives the third rotating shaft 270 to rotate, thereby synchronously driving the first worm 250 and the second worm 260 to rotate. Since the threads of the first worm 250 and the second worm 260 are turned in opposite directions, they can drive the first worm wheel 230 and the second worm wheel 240 to rotate synchronously and in opposite directions, thereby driving the first cover plate 160 and the second cover plate 170 to open and close synchronously.

[0029] This invention also proposes a drone monitoring method for landslide field monitoring. In the first embodiment of this drone monitoring method for landslide field monitoring, the method is applied to a drone depot for landslide field monitoring; the drone is equipped with a GPS module, lidar, camera, and wireless communication module (e.g., a 5G module); the wireless communication module is connected to a remote control terminal (e.g., a smartphone terminal); this embodiment includes the following steps: Step S110: The remote control terminal sends multiple monitoring location points corresponding to the area to be tested to the drone through the wireless communication module. The area to be tested is divided into multiple sub-areas, and each sub-area corresponds to one monitoring location point.

[0030] Specifically, since the area of ​​each data collection area of ​​the camera and lidar is limited, it is necessary to divide the area to be tested into multiple different sub-regions. In this embodiment, the area to be tested is divided into multiple sub-regions according to a matrix grid. The monitoring position point is 100 meters above the center point of each sub-region. Each time, the drone hovers at the monitoring position point to collect data from the sub-region.

[0031] Step S120: The UAV takes off from the UAV depot based on the GPS module and flies sequentially to each monitoring location. After hovering at each monitoring location, it collects observation data, which includes point cloud data collected by lidar and image data collected by camera.

[0032] Step S130: The UAV sends the observation data corresponding to each monitoring location point to the remote control terminal through the wireless communication module.

[0033] Step S140: The remote control terminal determines the landslide risk level of each sub-region based on the observation data corresponding to each monitoring location point.

[0034] In the second embodiment of the UAV monitoring method for landslide field monitoring proposed in this invention, based on the first embodiment, step S140 includes the following steps: Step S210: The remote control terminal will use an edge detection algorithm (such as the Canny algorithm) to identify surface cracks in the image data of the sub-region based on the image data in the observation data, and obtain the crack width and crack length of the surface crack.

[0035] Specifically, the Canny algorithm is a classic image processing technique used to detect edges in an image, thereby identifying surface cracks in the image. The width and length of the crack image can represent the landslide risk level of the area. The larger the crack image width and length, the greater the corresponding landslide risk.

[0036] Step S220: The remote control terminal uses an image segmentation algorithm (such as the U-Net algorithm) to segment the vegetation area from the image data of the sub-region, and calculates the ratio of the vegetation area to the area of ​​the sub-region to obtain the vegetation coverage rate.

[0037] Specifically, the U-Net algorithm is a deep learning algorithm used for image segmentation; changes in vegetation cover can reflect the stability of soil and rock masses, and a decrease in vegetation cover may lead to the loss of protection of soil and rock masses, increasing the risk of landslides.

[0038] Step S230: The remote control terminal generates a three-dimensional terrain model corresponding to a sub-region based on the point cloud data in the observation data and using a triangular mesh construction algorithm. The three-dimensional terrain model corresponding to the sub-region includes multiple triangular meshes.

[0039] Specifically, triangulation network construction algorithms are mainly used to connect discrete point sets into non-overlapping, edge-free irregular triangular meshes, and are widely used in fields such as Geographic Information System (GIS), 3D reconstruction, and computer graphics.

[0040] Step S240: The remote control terminal calculates the slope value of each triangular grid in the three-dimensional terrain model corresponding to the sub-region, and takes the average value of the slope values ​​of each triangular grid as the overall slope value of the sub-region.

[0041] Specifically, the formula for calculating the slope value is: Slope value = , In the formula, The vertical height difference of the triangular mesh. This represents the horizontal distance of the triangular grid. The larger the overall slope value, the greater the landslide risk in the corresponding sub-region.

[0042] Step S250: The remote control terminal determines the landslide risk level corresponding to each sub-region based on the crack width, crack length, vegetation coverage, and overall slope value.

[0043] In the third embodiment of the UAV monitoring method for landslide field monitoring proposed in this invention, based on the second embodiment, step S250 includes the following steps: Step S310: When the first condition is met, the remote control terminal determines that the landslide risk level corresponding to the sub-area is low risk, wherein the first condition is: the overall slope value is ≤30°, the width of the crack diagram is ≤1mm, the length of the crack diagram is ≤1m, and the vegetation coverage rate is ≥80%.

[0044] Step S320: When the second condition is met, the remote control terminal determines that the landslide risk level corresponding to the sub-area is high risk, wherein the second condition is high risk: the overall slope value is >45°, the width of the crack diagram is ≥5mm, the width of the crack diagram is ≥5m, and the vegetation coverage is ≤40%.

[0045] Step S330: When neither the first condition nor the second condition is met, the remote control terminal determines that the landslide risk level corresponding to the sub-area is medium risk.

[0046] Specifically, this solution uses lidar and cameras to collect and fuse data (point cloud data and image data), which makes up for the monitoring deficiencies of single sensors, comprehensively captures landslide precursors, solves the problems of blind spots and insufficient accuracy of single sensor monitoring, and significantly improves the accuracy of monitoring. In addition, by using drones equipped with lidar and cameras, compared with manual data collection, it is more adaptable and can be widely used in various landslide-prone areas that are difficult for humans to access, such as mountainous areas, mining areas, highway slopes, and hydropower project slopes, reducing monitoring costs and improving monitoring efficiency.

[0047] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drone docking bay for landslide field monitoring, characterized in that, The system includes a storage body, a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a lifting plate, a support plate, a guide component, a first drive component, and a second drive component. The storage body includes a first side plate and a second side plate, both vertically arranged opposite each other. The storage body has a top opening. The guide component is disposed within the storage body, and the lifting plate is connected to the guide component, which restricts the lifting plate to move only in the vertical direction. The support plate is horizontally disposed above the lifting plate. The first drive component drives the lifting plate to move vertically up and down, allowing the support plate to extend upwards beyond the top opening of the storage body. The support plate carries the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The bottom of the human-machine interface is provided with multiple support plates, and the lower surfaces of each support plate are on the same plane; the support plate is embedded with multiple contact plates; the number of contact plates and the number of support plates are the same and correspond one-to-one; the lower surface of each contact plate is provided with an electromagnet, which can be activated to make the contact plate magnetic, so as to attract and fix the corresponding support plate; the first cover plate is hinged to the outer wall of the first side plate, and the second cover plate is hinged to the outer wall of the second side plate; the second driving component is used to drive the first cover plate and the second cover plate to rotate synchronously, so that the first cover plate and the second cover plate can close or open the top opening of the storage body.

2. The UAV parking facility for landslide field monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the support plate and the contact plate are both 4; the support plate and the contact plate are both metal plates; the upper surface of the contact plate is flush with the upper surface of the bearing plate.

3. The UAV parking facility for landslide field monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding component includes guide posts and guide sleeves; there are four guide posts and four guide sleeves, and they correspond one-to-one; the four guide posts are vertically arranged at the four corners of the tank body, and the guide sleeves are slidably fitted onto the corresponding guide posts; the four corners of the lifting plate are fixedly connected to the four guide sleeves.

4. A drone parking facility for landslide field monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a controller; the first driving component includes a first motor and a lead screw; the lead screw is rotatably disposed within the magazine body and is vertically disposed; the lead screw is located between two adjacent guide columns; one side of the lifting plate is provided with an outwardly extending protrusion; the protrusion has a threaded hole; the lead screw is fitted through the threaded hole; the first motor is used to drive the lead screw to rotate; the controller is used to control the start and stop of the first motor and the direction of rotation, as well as the start and stop of the electromagnet.

5. A drone docking bay for landslide field monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second driving component includes a first rotating shaft, a first worm gear, a first worm, and a second motor; the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first side plate and is horizontally arranged; one end of the first cover plate is vertically fixed to a first rotating arm; the first rotating arm is fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft; the first worm gear is coaxially connected to the first rotating shaft; the first worm meshes with the first worm gear; the container body also includes a third side plate and a fourth side plate that are vertically arranged relative to each other, with the third side plate located between the first side plate and the second side plate; the second motor is disposed on the outer wall of the third side plate and is used to drive the first worm to rotate, thereby driving the first cover plate to rotate.

6. A drone docking bay for landslide field monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second driving component further includes a second rotating shaft, a second worm gear, a second worm, and a third rotating shaft; the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second side plate and is horizontally positioned; a second rotating arm is vertically fixed to one end of the second cover plate; the second rotating arm is fixedly sleeved on the second rotating shaft; the second worm gear is coaxially connected to the second rotating shaft; the second worm meshes with the second worm gear; the third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the third side plate; the first worm and the second worm are coaxially connected to both ends of the third rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft is parallel to the second rotating shaft and perpendicular to the third rotating shaft; the threads of the first worm and the second worm have opposite directions of rotation; the second motor is used to drive the third rotating shaft to rotate.

7. A UAV monitoring method for landslide field monitoring, characterized in that, The drone docking station is used for landslide field monitoring as described in any one of claims 1-6; the drone is equipped with a GPS module, a lidar, a camera, and a wireless communication module; The wireless communication module is communicatively connected to a remote control terminal; the method includes: The remote control terminal sends multiple monitoring location points corresponding to the area to be tested to the drone through the wireless communication module. The area to be tested is divided into multiple sub-areas, and each sub-area corresponds to one monitoring location point. The drone takes off from the drone depot based on the GPS module and flies sequentially to each monitoring location. After hovering at each monitoring location, it collects observation data, which includes point cloud data collected by lidar and image data collected by camera. The drone transmits the observation data corresponding to each monitoring location point to the remote control terminal through the wireless communication module. The remote control terminal determines the landslide risk level of each sub-region based on the observation data corresponding to each monitoring location point.

8. A UAV monitoring method for landslide field monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that, The remote control terminal determines the landslide risk level of each sub-region based on the observation data corresponding to each monitoring location point, including: The remote control terminal will use an edge detection algorithm to identify surface cracks in the image data of a sub-region based on the image data in the observation data, and obtain the crack width and crack length of the surface crack. The remote control terminal uses an image segmentation algorithm to segment the vegetation area from the image data of the sub-region, and calculates the ratio of the vegetation area to the area of ​​the sub-region to obtain the vegetation coverage rate. The remote control terminal generates a three-dimensional terrain model corresponding to a sub-region based on point cloud data in the observation data and a triangular mesh construction algorithm. The three-dimensional terrain model corresponding to the sub-region includes multiple triangular meshes. The remote control terminal calculates the slope value of each triangular grid in the three-dimensional terrain model corresponding to the sub-region, and takes the average of the slope values ​​of each triangular grid as the overall slope value of the sub-region. The remote control terminal determines the landslide risk level of each sub-region based on the crack width, crack length, vegetation coverage, and overall slope value.

9. A UAV monitoring method for landslide field monitoring according to claim 8, characterized in that, The remote control terminal determines the landslide risk level of each sub-region based on the crack width, crack length, vegetation coverage, and overall slope value, including: When the first condition is met, the remote control terminal determines that the landslide risk level of the sub-area is low risk. The first condition is: the overall slope value is ≤30°, the width of the crack diagram is ≤1mm, the length of the crack diagram is ≤1m, and the vegetation coverage is ≥80%. When the second condition is met, the remote control terminal determines that the landslide risk level of the sub-area is high risk. The second condition for high risk is: overall slope value > 45°, crack width shown in the diagram ≥ 5mm, crack width shown in the diagram ≥ 5m, and vegetation coverage ≤ 40%. When neither the first nor the second condition is met, the remote control terminal determines that the landslide risk level corresponding to the sub-area is medium risk.

Images