A screw conveyor and method for a fertilizer production line

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of conveying technology, specifically to a screw conveyor and method for a fertilizer production line. The conveyor includes a conveying cylinder and a main shaft disposed within it. The outer surface of the main shaft is provided with helical blades. The conveyor also includes a gap adjustment mechanism, comprising bearing seats disposed at both ends of the main shaft and an electric guide rail for driving the bearing seats to move radially along the conveying cylinder, used to adjust the gap between the helical blades and the inner wall of the conveying cylinder; a transmission mechanism for driving the main shaft to rotate, comprising a collar sleeved on the outer surface of the main shaft, with an adaptive component inside the collar to maintain transmission continuity during radial movement of the main shaft; and a flexible component comprising a rigid back plate constituting the main body of the helical blades and a flexible push plate disposed on its pushing surface, forming a sealed air chamber between the rigid back plate and the flexible push plate. A main air passage is axially opened inside the main shaft, and the main air passage is connected to an air injection nozzle via a rotary interface for external air input.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of conveying technology, specifically to a screw conveyor and method for a fertilizer production line. Background Technology

[0002] In the fertilizer production industry, screw conveyors are a widely used key piece of equipment, mainly used for short-distance horizontal, inclined, or vertical conveying of powdery, granular, or small lump raw materials (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium base fertilizers, organic waste, and finished compound fertilizers). Their basic working principle involves using a motor to drive rotating screw blades, propelling the material forward along a fixed U-shaped or cylindrical trough. They feature simple structure, good sealing, ease of multi-point loading and unloading, and safe and convenient operation.

[0003] For example, patent document CN224061798U relates to the field of feed processing technology, and in particular to a feed screw conveyor. The feed screw conveyor includes a conveying pipe, with a drive motor fixedly installed at the end of the conveying pipe to drive the internal screw shaft. The conveying pipe has an inlet and an outlet. Multiple circumferentially distributed connecting rods are fixedly installed at the outlet, and a rotating mechanism is installed on the outlet. A discharge pipe, connected to the outlet and rotatable around the conveying pipe via the rotating mechanism, is also installed on the conveying pipe. A retractable and adjustable discharge sleeve is fitted onto the discharge pipe. This patent document, through the retractable and adjustable discharge sleeve, can adjust the height of the receiving hopper to extend into the hopper, effectively preventing falling feed from splashing out and maintaining a clean working environment. The rotating mechanism allows the discharge pipe to rotate around the conveying pipe to adjust its angle, meeting the discharge needs in different scenarios and improving the applicability and flexibility of the conveyor.

[0004] While the aforementioned existing technologies can adapt to different conveying line requirements by adjusting the inclination angle of the conveying pipe, their structural defects become apparent when dealing with complex materials of varying viscosities and particle sizes in fertilizer production. The fixed geometric dimensions of the screw conveyor cannot achieve dynamic matching with the variable granular materials, resulting in continuous mechanical resistance during conveying. A fixed gap exists between the screw blades and the inner wall of the conveying cylinder. When conveying fine or powdery materials, the particles easily leak through this gap. When conveying large or irregularly shaped materials, the material is forcibly squeezed against the edges of the screw blades, easily forming a wedge-shaped obstruction at the gap between the blades and the cylinder wall. Therefore, this application proposes a screw conveyor and method for fertilizer production lines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a screw conveyor and method for fertilizer production lines to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line, comprising a conveying cylinder and a main shaft disposed therein, wherein the outer surface of the main shaft is provided with helical blades, and further comprising: The gap adjustment mechanism includes bearing seats disposed at both ends of the main shaft and an electric guide rail for driving the bearing seats to move radially along the feed cylinder, for adjusting the gap between the spiral blades and the inner wall of the feed cylinder; A transmission mechanism for driving the spindle to rotate includes a collar sleeved on the outer surface of the spindle, and an adaptive component is provided inside the collar to maintain transmission continuity when the spindle moves radially. The flexible component includes a rigid back plate constituting the main body of the helical blade and a flexible pusher plate disposed on its pushing surface. A sealed air bladder cavity is formed between the rigid back plate and the flexible pusher plate. A main air passage is provided axially inside the main shaft. The main air passage is connected to an air injection nozzle through a rotary interface to supply external air source input, and is connected to the air bladder cavity through a connecting pipe opened on the side wall of the main shaft. A valve assembly for controlling its opening and closing is provided in the connecting pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a drive housing fixedly connected to one end of the feed cylinder, a drive gear rotatably connected inside the drive housing, a drive motor for driving the drive gear to rotate fixedly connected to one side of the drive housing, a driven gear meshing with the drive gear rotatably connected inside the drive housing, and the driven gear being drivenly connected to a collar.

[0008] Preferably, the adaptive component includes a counterweight water cavity formed inside the collar, and the collar has multiple interconnected water column cavities inside. The counterweight water cavity and the water column cavities are filled with liquid. A piston slide rod is slidably sealed inside the counterweight water cavity. A tooth block is fixedly connected to the end face of the piston slide rod. The driven gear has multiple annular grooves inside that engage with the tooth blocks, so that under the action of gravity, at least one of the tooth blocks located at the bottom is always pushed into the annular groove.

[0009] Preferably, the valve assembly includes a ball valve stem coaxially slidably connected within the connecting pipe. The ball valve stem has a valve portion for blocking or opening the connecting pipe. A vent groove is provided inside the ball valve stem, and a solenoid valve is fixedly connected inside the vent groove.

[0010] Preferably, a narrow ring is fixedly connected inside the connecting pipe, and multiple resonant rocker arms are rotatably connected inside the narrow ring. A tension spring is provided inside the narrow ring to push the resonant rocker arms to reset. A slide rod is slidably connected inside the narrow ring. One end of the slide rod is connected to a ball valve rod through a multi-joint crank, and the other end of the slide rod is provided with a conical rod to push the resonant rocker arms to swing.

[0011] Preferably, an exhaust valve is fixedly connected inside the main air passage of the main shaft, and multiple exhaust holes for the main air passage gas to be discharged are opened inside the material conveying cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, a partition plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spindle.

[0013] Preferably, the output end of the drive motor is provided with a torque sensor, which is used to detect torque changes during the conveying process. The motor also includes a controller connected to the torque sensor, the electric guide rail, and the air injection nozzle. When the torque sensor detects an increase in torque, the controller controls the electric guide rail to adjust the gap between the spiral blade and the inner wall of the feed cylinder, and controls the air injection nozzle to inject gas into the spiral blade to enhance the scraping force and propulsion force of the spiral blade.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the conveying cylinder is equipped with multiple hanging plates, and the conveying cylinder is provided with an inlet and an outlet.

[0015] The present invention also provides a screw conveyor method for a fertilizer production line, comprising the following steps: S1. The material is conveyed in the conveying cylinder under the driving force of the spiral blades; S2. When the torque data increases, the gap between the spiral blade and the inner wall of the conveying cylinder is changed by the gap adjustment mechanism, and the external fluid source is controlled to be conveyed to the spiral blade through the main shaft, so that the flexible push plate of the spiral blade expands.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The gap adjustment mechanism drives the bearing housing to move via an electric guide rail, thereby precisely and dynamically adjusting the gap between the spiral blades and the inner wall of the conveying cylinder. This design enables a single unit to be used for multiple purposes, achieving high adaptability: when conveying large particles or viscous materials, the gap is increased to effectively prevent jamming and excessive crushing; when conveying fine powder materials, the gap is decreased, greatly reducing material backflow and leakage. Simultaneously, this function can compensate for wear online, maintaining optimal equipment performance over the long term and reducing long-term operating costs. To ensure uninterrupted transmission during gap adjustment, the adaptive transmission mechanism plays a crucial role. Through the ingenious cooperation of the collar, counterweight water chamber, piston slide rod, and toothed block with the annular groove on the driven gear, it utilizes liquid gravity to achieve adaptive meshing of the transmission connection. Regardless of the radial position of the main shaft, power can be transmitted without interruption, perfectly resolving the contradiction between movement and transmission, and its structure is reliable, requiring no complex electrical control.

[0017] 2. Addressing the core pain point of clogging caused by highly viscous materials, the flexible blade assembly and resonant cleaning mechanism offer a dual solution. The flexible blade assembly consists of an air chamber formed by a rigid back plate and a flexible push plate. Based on torque sensor signals, gas is injected through an air injection nozzle, causing the blades to expand controllably. This actively enhances scraping and propulsion forces, directly addressing the risk of clogging. More ingeniously, the ball valve rod controlling the inflation drives a resonant swing arm via a multi-joint crank and a conical rod, releasing energy stored in a tension spring to generate high-frequency mechanical vibration. This vibration directly acts on the helical blades, continuously shaking off adhering materials during conveying, achieving excellent online self-cleaning functionality and preventing clogging at its source. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the material conveying cylinder in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drive housing in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the driven gear in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the collar structure in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the helical blade in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the spindle in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connecting pipe in this invention; Figure 10 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the spindle in this invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0019] In the diagram: 100, conveyor cylinder; 101, feed inlet; 102, discharge outlet; 103, hanging plate; 104, main shaft; 105, spiral blade; 200, drive housing; 201, drive gear; 202, drive motor; 203, driven gear; 204, annular groove; 205, collar; 206, gear block; 207, counterweight water chamber; 208, water column chamber; 209, piston slide rod; 210. Bearing housing; 211, electric guide rail; 212, separator plate; 300, rigid back plate; 301, flexible push plate; 302, connecting pipe; 303, ball valve stem; 304, vent groove; 305, solenoid valve; 306, exhaust port; 307, air injection nozzle; 308, exhaust valve; 400, resonant rocker arm; 401, tapered rod; 402, tension spring; 403, slide rod; 404, multi-joint crank; 405, narrow ring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line, including a conveying cylinder 100 and a main shaft 104 disposed inside it. The outer surface of the main shaft 104 is provided with helical blades 105. The top of the conveying cylinder 100 is constructed with multiple hanging plates 103. The conveying cylinder 100 is provided with an inlet 101 and an outlet 102. The inlet 101 allows materials to enter, while the outlet 102 allows materials to exit. The hanging plates 103 simplify the hoisting and fixing process of the equipment and improve the installation efficiency.

[0022] It also includes a gap adjustment mechanism, which includes bearing seats 210 disposed at both ends of the main shaft 104 and electric guide rails 211 that drive the bearing seats 210 to move radially along the conveying cylinder 100. It is used to adjust the gap between the spiral blade 105 and the inner wall of the conveying cylinder 100. By setting the intermittent adjustment mechanism, it can be adapted to conveying fertilizer production raw materials of different diameters, thereby improving adaptability. The electric guide rails 211 are set at both ends of the main shaft 104 to improve the stability of driving the main shaft 104 to move, while providing a certain support force.

[0023] For fertilizer raw materials with different physical properties, such as fine phosphate rock, granular urea, and viscous organic slurry, the gap can be preset or adjusted in real time to the optimal value via the controller. When conveying large particles, the gap is increased to prevent breakage; when conveying powder, the gap is decreased to prevent leakage. This significantly broadens the process applicability of a single unit. By setting the optimal gap, a balance can be found between conveying efficiency and material protection, reducing unnecessary squeezing friction, thereby reducing material breakage rate, blade wear, and equipment operating energy consumption.

[0024] Wear compensation: After long-term operation causes wear on the blades or cylinder wall, the clearance can be reduced to compensate for the wear, restore the equipment's factory performance, and extend the overhaul cycle.

[0025] A separator 212 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft 104. The separator 212 clearly divides the interior of the conveying cylinder 100 into a material conveying space and a drive transmission space. Its core function is to achieve physical isolation, ensuring that even if the main shaft 104 moves radially when adjusting the clearance, it can effectively prevent materials, especially dust, from entering the precision transmission components such as gears and bearings on the drive side, greatly improving the reliability and service life of the drive system.

[0026] It also includes a transmission mechanism for driving the spindle 104 to rotate. The transmission mechanism includes a collar 205 sleeved on the outer surface of the spindle 104. An adaptive component is provided inside the collar 205 to maintain the transmission continuity when the spindle 104 moves radially. By setting the transmission mechanism, the spindle 104 can be continuously transmitted, so that the spindle 104 can still be driven by the transmission mechanism after changing its position. By setting the adaptive component, the spindle 104 and the transmission mechanism maintain a transmission relationship.

[0027] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a drive housing 200 fixedly connected to one end of the feed cylinder 100. A drive gear 201 is rotatably connected inside the drive housing 200. A drive motor 202 for driving the drive gear 201 to rotate is fixedly connected to one side of the drive housing 200. A driven gear 203 that meshes with the drive gear 201 is rotatably connected inside the drive housing 200. The driven gear 203 is connected to the collar 205. By setting the drive motor 202, the drive gear 201 can be effectively driven to rotate. The meshing of the drive gear 201 and the driven gear 203 can increase the torque and thus increase the pushing torque of the spiral blade 105.

[0028] Furthermore, the adaptive component includes a counterweight water cavity 207 formed inside the collar 205. The collar 205 has multiple interconnected water column cavities 208. The counterweight water cavity 207 and the water column cavities 208 are filled with liquid. A piston rod 209 is slidably sealed inside the counterweight water cavity 207. A toothed block 206 is fixedly connected to the end face of the piston rod 209. The driven gear 203 has multiple annular grooves 204 that engage with the toothed block 206. By storing half its capacity of liquid in the counterweight water cavity 207, the collar... When the ring 205 rotates, the liquid is always at the bottom of the counterweight water chamber 207, so that the water column chamber 208 located at the bottom of the collar 205 is filled with liquid. This applies gravity to the piston slide rod 209 located at the bottom, causing the tooth block 206 to be displaced and inserted into the annular groove 204 in the driven gear 203. At this time, the rotation of the driven gear 203 will be transmitted to the collar 205 through the tooth block 206, so that it rotates synchronously with the driven gear 203. When the position of the collar 205 changes, multiple tooth blocks 206 will also mesh with the annular groove 204.

[0029] The system utilizes the combined forces of gravity and pressure to achieve adaptive engagement. Regardless of the position of the main shaft 104, the liquid in the counterweight water chamber 207 is always filled with one or more water column chambers 208 located at the bottom of the rotating circumference under the influence of gravity. The liquid pressure pushes the piston slide rod 209 at this location to extend, causing the toothed block 206 at its front end to tightly engage with the annular groove 204 of the driven toothed ring 203.

[0030] When the spindle 104 is driven by the electric guide rail 211 to change its radial position, the collar 205 moves accordingly. Due to gravity, liquid rapidly refills the water column cavity 208 at the new lowest point, pushing the toothed block 206 there to engage with the annular groove 204. This process is automatic and continuous, ensuring that in any working position, power can be uninterruptedly transmitted from the driven toothed ring 203 to the collar 205 and the spindle 104 through at least one toothed block 206 at the bottom.

[0031] This design is purely mechanical and adaptive, requiring no complex electronic sensing and control. It boasts a reliable structure and strong resistance to dust interference. The liquid medium also provides buffering and damping, resulting in smoother transmission.

[0032] Furthermore, a torque sensor is provided at the output end of the drive motor 202. The torque sensor is used to detect torque changes during the conveying process. It also includes a controller connected to the torque sensor and the electric guide rail 211. When the torque sensor detects an increase in torque, the controller controls the electric guide rail 211 to adjust the gap between the spiral blade 105 and the inner wall of the conveying cylinder 100.

[0033] When conveying fragile materials, the controller can pre-adjust the gap to be larger and set a lower initial speed. During operation, if the torque sensor detects an abnormal increase in torque, which may indicate large foreign objects or localized adhesion, the controller can immediately perform one or more of the following operations: The control rail 211 is adjusted instantaneously to increase the gap and release the compressive stress.

[0034] The drive motor 202 is briefly reversed to attempt to clear the blockage.

[0035] Specifically, during use, material is poured into the conveying cylinder 100 through the feed inlet 101. Driven by the spiral blades 105, the material moves within the conveying cylinder 100 and is discharged through the discharge outlet 102. The drive motor 202 is activated, driving the drive gear 201 to rotate. The drive gear 201 meshes with the driven gear 203, driving the main shaft 104 to rotate. When it is necessary to adjust the gap between the spiral blades 105 and the conveying cylinder 100, the position of the bearing seats 210 at both ends of the main shaft 104 is changed. The electric guide rail 211 drives the bearing seats 210 to move, thereby adjusting the height of the spiral blades 105. When the height of the main shaft 104 changes, it will cause the collar 205 on its surface to move along with it. The liquid in the counterweight water cavity 207 will always be affected by gravity and fill the water column cavity 208 located at the bottom of the collar 205. This causes the piston end of the piston rod 209 to move down in the water column cavity 208 under the influence of water pressure and gravity, thereby driving the tooth block 206 located below the collar 205 to insert into the annular groove 204 on the inner wall of the driven gear 203, realizing the transmission between the driven gear 203 and the collar 205. This allows the collar 205 to transmit power to the driven gear 203 regardless of its height position.

[0036] In summary, the gap adjustment mechanism drives the bearing housing 210 to move via the electric guide rail 211, thereby precisely and dynamically adjusting the gap between the spiral blade 105 and the inner wall of the conveying cylinder 100. This design enables a single unit to be used for multiple purposes, achieving high adaptability: when conveying large particles or viscous materials, the gap is increased to effectively prevent jamming and excessive crushing; when conveying fine powder materials, the gap is decreased to greatly reduce material backflow and leakage. Simultaneously, this function can also compensate for wear online, maintaining optimal equipment performance over the long term and reducing long-term operating costs. To ensure uninterrupted transmission during gap adjustment, the adaptive transmission mechanism plays a crucial role. Through the ingenious cooperation of the collar 205, the counterweight water chamber 207, the piston slide rod 209, and the toothed block 206 with the annular groove 204 on the driven gear 203, it utilizes liquid gravity to achieve adaptive meshing of the transmission connection. Regardless of the radial position of the main shaft 104, power can be transmitted without interruption, perfectly resolving the contradiction between movement and transmission, and the structure is reliable, requiring no complex electrical control.

[0037] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 11 The present invention also provides a technical solution, which differs from the technical solution of Embodiment 1 as follows: a screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line.

[0038] It also includes a flexible component, comprising a rigid back plate 300 constituting the main body of the helical blade 105 and a flexible pusher plate 301 disposed on its pushing surface. A sealed air bladder cavity is formed between the rigid back plate 300 and the flexible pusher plate 301. The air bladder cavity serves as a pressure-driven chamber, and its internal pressure controls the deformation of the flexible pusher plate 301. A main air passage is axially provided inside the main shaft 104. The main air passage is connected to an air injection nozzle 307 via a rotary interface to supply external air input, and is connected to the air bladder cavity via a connecting pipe 302 located on the side wall of the main shaft 104. A valve assembly for controlling its opening and closing is provided inside the connecting pipe 302. The gas is connected to an external gas source via an injection nozzle 307, and then the gas is delivered to the main shaft 104 through a rotary interface. It is then delivered to each section of the spiral blades 105 through a connecting pipe 302, causing them to expand and change their thickness. The cooperation between the rigid back plate 300 and the flexible push plate 301 can form a freely expandable unit. When the gas increases, the flexible push plate 301 will move away from the rigid back plate 300 and thus increase the thickness of the spiral blades 105. At the same time, the flexible push plate 301 serves as a pushing surface, which makes the unique toughness of the flexible push plate 301 reduce damage to the material during pushing.

[0039] When increased scraping force is needed to handle sticky materials, the controller instructs an external air pump to supply air through the air injection nozzle 307. The gas enters the main air passage of the spindle 104 via the rotary joint. When the pressure reaches the threshold, it pushes the ball valve rod 303 upward, opening the connecting pipe 302. The gas enters the air chamber, pushing the flexible push plate 301 outward, which is equivalent to increasing the actual working thickness and outer diameter of the spiral blade, thus enhancing the pushing and scraping capabilities.

[0040] For general materials, the blades can be kept in a "thin" state to reduce the contact area and lower the risk of friction and breakage. The material properties of the flexible pusher plate 301 also give it a certain degree of anti-adhesion effect.

[0041] Furthermore, the valve assembly includes a ball valve stem 303 coaxially slidably connected within the connecting pipe 302. The ball valve stem 303 has a valve portion for blocking or opening the connecting pipe 302. A venting groove 304 is provided inside the ball valve stem 303, and a solenoid valve 305 is fixedly connected inside the venting groove 304. By setting the valve assembly, the entry and exit of gas can be effectively controlled, so that the gas in the spiral blade 105 is maintained at a required amount. During the inflation process, when the gas in the injection path of the main shaft 104 increases, it will push the ball valve stem 303 to move upward slightly, thereby opening the channel in the connecting pipe 302. At this time, the gas will be transported to the spiral blade 105 through the connecting pipe 302. Afterward, the gas pressure in the main shaft 104 decreases and can no longer push the ball valve stem 303 to move upward. At this time, the single inflation process of the spiral blade 105 ends. When the spiral blade 105 needs more gas, it can be supplied to the main shaft 104 continuously.

[0042] Furthermore, a narrow ring 405 is fixedly connected inside the connecting pipe 302. Multiple resonant rocker arms 400 are rotatably connected inside the narrow ring 405. A tension spring 402 is provided inside the narrow ring 405 to push the resonant rocker arms 400 to reset. A slide rod 403 is slidably connected inside the narrow ring 405. One end of the slide rod 403 is connected to the ball valve rod 303 through a multi-joint crank 404. The other end of the slide rod 403 is provided with a cone rod 401 to push the resonant rocker arms 400 to swing. During a single inflation process, the ball valve rod 303 will drive the multi-joint crank 404 to tilt, thereby pulling the slide rod 403 to complete one reciprocating motion. This causes the cone rod 401 to move first and compress the resonant rocker arms 400, causing it to compress the tension spring 402 to store force. When the slide rod 403 resets, the resonant rocker arms 400 quickly reset under the force of the tension spring 402, thus generating resonance.

[0043] During each inflation process, the upward movement of the ball valve stem 303 pulls the slide rod 403 and the cone rod 401 through the multi-joint crank 404. The inclined surface of the cone rod 401 first compresses the resonant pendulum rod 400 to rotate and stretches the tension spring 402 to store energy. Subsequently, when the ball valve stem 303 reaches its apex or begins to reset, the pressure on the cone rod 401 is released, and the energy-stored tension spring 402 will drive the resonant pendulum rod 400 to swing back at high speed, generating a high-frequency, short mechanical impact / vibration.

[0044] This vibration is transmitted directly to the rigid back plate 300 and flexible push plate 301 of the entire helical blade 105 through the narrow ring 405 and the connecting pipe 302.

[0045] This high-frequency vibration effectively breaks down the adhesion of materials on the blade surface, especially on the flexible pusher plate 301. The sticky material is then detached under the combined action of the expanding blades and its own vibration, achieving online self-cleaning during the conveying process and fundamentally preventing blockages caused by the accumulation of adhesive layers. The main shaft 104 has an exhaust valve 308 fixedly connected in the main air passage, and the feed cylinder 100 has multiple exhaust holes 306 for the main air passage to discharge gas. When it is necessary to release gas to the spiral blade 105, the solenoid valve 305 can be opened to discharge gas.

[0046] The controller is connected to the air injection nozzle 307. By controlling the air injection nozzle 307 to inject gas into the spiral blade 105 according to the torque value of the torque sensor, the scraping force and propulsion force of the spiral blade 105 are enhanced.

[0047] The controller can integrate torque signals and coordinate the control of the clearance adjustment mechanism and blade expansion. For example, if a sharp increase in torque is detected, indicating a risk of severe sticking, the controller can simultaneously increase the clearance and expand the blades to address the issue.

[0048] Specifically, gas is pumped into the air injection nozzle 307, and the gas enters the interior of the main shaft 104 through the rotary interface. At this time, the exhaust valve 308 inside the main shaft 104 is closed, causing the gas inside the main shaft 104 to gradually increase, pushing the ball valve rod 303 upward and disengaging it from the flow section of the connecting pipe 302. The connecting pipe 302 then opens, allowing the gas inside the main shaft 104 to enter the spiral blade 105. Since the back of the spiral blade 105 is constructed as a rigid back plate 300, and the pushing surface of the spiral blade 105 is constructed as a flexible push plate 301, with the flexible push plate 301 connected to the rigid back plate 300 via a rubber elastic element, the gas pushes the flexible push plate 301 in one direction behind the spiral blade 105, expanding the spiral blade 105. Simultaneously, when the ball valve rod 303 disengages from the connecting pipe 302 and releases gas into the spiral blade 105, the ball valve rod 303... The up-and-down movement of the ball valve rod 303 will cause the crank 404 to tilt and push the slide rod 403 to move, which in turn causes the cone rod 401 at its end face to move. At this time, the cone rod 401 will push the resonant rocker arm 400 to compress the tension spring 402 to store force. When the ball valve rod 303 returns to its original position and moves down, it will drive the cone rod 401 to return to its original position. At this time, the force stored when the tension spring 402 is compressed will be released instantly, so that the resonant rocker arm 400 can vibrate rapidly and generate resonance within the spiral blade 105. This causes the spiral blade 105 to resonate during expansion and shake off the adhering material. Afterwards, when it is necessary to reduce the expansion degree of the spiral blade 105, the solenoid valve 305 in the ball valve rod 303 and the exhaust valve 308 in the main shaft 104 can be opened, so that the gas in the spiral blade 105 can be discharged through the vent groove 304 in the ball valve rod 303 and then through the exhaust hole 306.

[0049] In summary, the flexible blade assembly and resonant cleaning mechanism provide a dual solution to address the core pain point of easy adhesion and clogging by highly viscous materials. The flexible blade assembly consists of a rigid back plate 300 and a flexible push plate 301 forming an air chamber. Based on the torque sensor signal, gas can be injected through the air injection nozzle 307, causing the blades to expand controllably, thereby actively enhancing the scraping and propulsion forces and directly addressing the risk of material blockage. More ingeniously, when the ball valve rod 303 controlling the inflation is activated, it drives the resonant swing rod 400 through the multi-joint crank 404 and the cone rod 401, and the energy stored in the tension spring 402 is released, generating high-frequency mechanical vibration. This vibration acts directly on the spiral blade 105, continuously shaking off adhering materials during the conveying process, achieving excellent online self-cleaning function and preventing blockage at its source.

[0050] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 11 The present invention also provides a technical solution, which differs from the technical solution of Embodiment 1 as follows: a screw conveying method for a fertilizer production line, comprising the following steps: S1. In use, the material is poured into the conveying cylinder 100 through the feed port 101. Under the driving force of the spiral blade 105, the material moves in the conveying cylinder 100 and is discharged through the discharge port 102. The drive motor 202 is turned on to drive the drive gear 201 to rotate. The drive gear 201 meshes with the driven gear 203 to drive the main shaft 104 to rotate. S2. When it is necessary to adjust the gap between the spiral blade 105 and the feed cylinder 100, the position of the bearing seats 210 at both ends of the main shaft 104 is changed. The electric guide rail 211 drives the bearing seats 210 to move to adjust the height of the spiral blade 105. At the same time, when the height of the main shaft 104 changes, the collar 205 on its surface will move with it. The liquid in the counterweight water chamber 207 will always be filled with the water column chamber 208 located at the bottom of the collar 205 due to gravity. This causes the piston end of the piston rod 209 to move down in the water column chamber 208 due to water pressure and gravity. This drives the tooth block 206 located below the collar 205 to insert into the annular groove 204 on the inner wall of the driven gear 203, realizing the transmission between the driven gear 203 and the collar 205. This allows the collar 205 to transmit power to the driven gear 203 regardless of its height position. S3. The output end of the drive motor 202 is equipped with a sensor to detect torque. When the torque increases, the expansion of the spiral blade 105 can be increased to enhance the scraping force and propulsion force. Gas is pumped into the air injection nozzle 307 and enters the interior of the main shaft 104 through the rotary interface. At this time, the exhaust valve 308 in the main shaft 104 is closed, which causes the gas in the main shaft 104 to gradually increase and push the ball valve rod 303 to move upward and separate from the flow section of the connecting pipe 302. At this time, the connecting pipe 302 will open to allow the gas in the main shaft 104 to enter the spiral blade 105. Since the back of the spiral blade 105 is constructed as a rigid back plate 300, and the pushing surface of the spiral blade 105 is constructed as a flexible push plate 301, the flexible push plate 301 is connected to the rigid back plate 300 through a rubber elastic element, so that the gas will push the flexible push plate 301 to move in one direction after the spiral blade 105 and expand the spiral blade 105. S4. Simultaneously, when the ball valve stem 303 disengages from the connecting pipe 302 and releases gas into the spiral blade 105, the up-and-down movement of the ball valve stem 303 will cause the crank 404 to tilt, pushing the slide rod 403 to move. This causes the slide rod 403 to move the cone rod 401 at its end face. At this time, the cone rod 401 will push the resonant rocker arm 400 to compress the tension spring 402 to store force. When the ball valve stem 303 returns to its original position and moves downward, it will drive the cone rod 401 to return to its original position. At this time, the tension spring 402 is compressed, and the force stored is released. The gas is released instantly, allowing the resonant swing arm 400 to vibrate rapidly and generate resonance within the spiral blade 105. This causes the spiral blade 105 to resonate during expansion, shaking off any adhering material. Subsequently, when it is necessary to reduce the expansion degree of the spiral blade 105, the solenoid valve 305 in the ball valve rod 303 and the exhaust valve 308 in the main shaft 104 can be opened. This allows the gas within the spiral blade 105 to be discharged through the vent groove 304 in the ball valve rod 303 and then through the exhaust port 306.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line, comprising a conveying cylinder (100) and a main shaft (104) disposed therein, wherein the outer surface of the main shaft (104) is provided with helical blades (105), characterized in that, Also includes: The gap adjustment mechanism includes bearing seats (210) disposed at both ends of the main shaft (104) and an electric guide rail (211) that drives the bearing seats (210) to move radially along the feed cylinder (100), for adjusting the gap between the spiral blade (105) and the inner wall of the feed cylinder (100); A transmission mechanism for driving the main shaft (104) to rotate, the transmission mechanism including a collar (205) sleeved on the outer surface of the main shaft (104), the collar (205) being provided with an adaptive component that maintains transmission continuity when the main shaft (104) moves radially; The flexible component includes a rigid back plate (300) constituting the main body of the helical blade (105) and a flexible push plate (301) disposed on its pushing surface. A sealed air bladder cavity is formed between the rigid back plate (300) and the flexible push plate (301). A main air passage is provided axially inside the main shaft (104). The main air passage is connected to the air injection nozzle (307) through a rotary interface to supply external air source input, and is connected to the air bladder cavity through a connecting pipe (302) opened on the side wall of the main shaft (104). A valve assembly for controlling its opening and closing is provided inside the connecting pipe (302).

2. The screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a drive housing (200) fixedly connected to one end of the feed cylinder (100). A drive gear (201) is rotatably connected inside the drive housing (200). A drive motor (202) for driving the drive gear (201) to rotate is fixedly connected to one side of the drive housing (200). A driven gear (203) meshing with the drive gear (201) is rotatably connected inside the drive housing (200). The driven gear (203) is connected to the collar (205) in a transmission connection.

3. The screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptive component includes a counterweight water cavity (207) opened inside the collar (205). The collar (205) has multiple interconnected water column cavities (208) inside. The counterweight water cavity (207) and the water column cavities (208) are filled with liquid. A piston slide rod (209) is slidably sealed inside the counterweight water cavity (207). A tooth block (206) is fixedly connected to the end face of the piston slide rod (209). The driven gear (203) has multiple annular grooves (204) inside that engage with the tooth block (206), so that under the action of gravity, at least one of the tooth blocks (206) located below is always pushed into the annular groove (204).

4. The screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve assembly includes a ball valve stem (303) coaxially slidably connected within the connecting pipe (302). The ball valve stem (303) has a valve portion for blocking or opening the connecting pipe (302). A vent groove (304) is provided inside the ball valve stem (303), and a solenoid valve (305) is fixedly connected inside the vent groove (304).

5. The screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: A narrow ring (405) is fixedly connected inside the connecting pipe (302). Multiple resonant rocker arms (400) are rotatably connected inside the narrow ring (405). A tension spring (402) is provided inside the narrow ring (405) to push the resonant rocker arms (400) to reset. A slide rod (403) is slidably connected inside the narrow ring (405). One end of the slide rod (403) is connected to the ball valve rod (303) through a tenon crank (404). The other end of the slide rod (403) is provided with a cone rod (401) to push the resonant rocker arms (400) to swing.

6. The screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: An exhaust valve (308) is fixedly connected inside the main air passage of the main shaft (104), and multiple exhaust holes (306) are opened inside the conveying cylinder (100) for the main air passage gas to be discharged.

7. The screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: A separator (212) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft (104).

8. A screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output end of the drive motor (202) is equipped with a torque sensor, which is used to detect torque changes during the conveying process. The motor also includes a controller connected to the torque sensor, the electric guide rail (211), and the air injection nozzle (307). When the torque sensor detects an increase in torque, the controller controls the electric guide rail (211) to adjust the gap between the spiral blade (105) and the inner wall of the feed cylinder (100), and controls the air injection nozzle (307) to inject gas into the spiral blade (105) to enhance the scraping force and propulsion force of the spiral blade (105).

9. A screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the conveying cylinder (100) is equipped with multiple hanging plates (103), and the conveying cylinder (100) is provided with a feed inlet (101) and a discharge outlet (102).

10. A screw conveying method for a fertilizer production line, comprising a screw conveyor for a fertilizer production line according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Under the driving force of the spiral blades (105), the material is conveyed in the conveying cylinder (100); S2. When the torque data increases, the gap between the spiral blade (105) and the inner wall of the feed cylinder (100) is changed by the gap adjustment mechanism, and the external fluid source is controlled to be conveyed to the spiral blade (105) through the main shaft (104), so that the flexible push plate (301) of the spiral blade (105) expands.

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