Method for preparing liquid fungus fertilizer of fulvic acid type by minute level composting of aquaculture wastewater

Abstract

The application discloses a method for preparing a fulvic acid type liquid microbial fertilizer through minute-level composting of breeding wastewater, which comprises the following steps: adding biochar A, potassium ferrate and potassium sulfite into pig farm breeding wastewater, stirring for 10-20 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain liquid fertilizer B rich in fulvic acid-like substances; and compounding bacillus subtilis, DX-9 and AM microbial agents into the liquid fertilizer B to prepare a fulvic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C. The method uses biochar, potassium ferrate and potassium sulfite to realize rapid composting of the breeding wastewater within 10 minutes, and prepares a high-efficiency liquid fertilizer rich in fulvic acid; and the post-compounding of growth-promoting microbial agents (including bacillus subtilis, DX-9 and AM microbial agents) can enhance the fertilizer efficiency and improve the disease resistance of crops. The method has the advantages of high treatment efficiency and small occupied area, realizes high-value utilization of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, can effectively promote crop growth, and helps the green and healthy development of the livestock industry, and has wide application and industrialization prospects in the fields of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for preparing humic acid-type liquid microbial fertilizer by composting livestock wastewater in minutes, belonging to the fields of animal husbandry and agriculture. Background Technology

[0002] Livestock and poultry farming wastewater is a typical type of high-concentration organic pollutant wastewater generated in animal pens during the animal husbandry process. It is mainly composed of a mixture of feces, large amounts of flushing water, urine, and other organic matter. Its characteristics include complex composition, large discharge volume, and long fermentation cycle. Direct discharge without treatment will cause serious environmental pollution. According to the "Second National Pollution Source Census Bulletin," the emissions of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus from livestock and poultry farming account for 46.67%, 11.51%, 19.61%, and 37.95% of the national total, respectively. Livestock and poultry farming wastewater has become a significant source of environmental and water resource pollution.

[0003] my country generates approximately 4 billion tons of livestock and poultry wastewater annually, yet its comprehensive utilization rate is currently below 75%. Improper treatment of this large amount of wastewater not only threatens the ecological environment but also harms human health and hinders sustainable development. Current treatment methods for livestock and poultry wastewater mainly include natural fermentation, anaerobic digestion, and solid-liquid separation. However, these methods generally suffer from problems such as large land area requirements, long treatment cycles (30-180 days), low fertilizer efficiency, difficulty in eliminating harmful substances (bacteria, antibiotics, hormones, heavy metals), and a tendency to cause secondary pollution. These issues have become key constraints on the sustainable development of my country's organic fertilizer industry. On the other hand, livestock and poultry wastewater contains a large amount of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), making its preparation into liquid fertilizer a current development trend.

[0004] Fulvic acid is an important component of the humic acid system. It is a low-molecular-weight humic product formed from the decomposition and geochemical reconstruction of plant and animal remains through microbial-mediated metabolism. It is widely distributed in soil organic matter pools, peat deposits, and aquatic ecosystems, and plays an important biogeochemical role in the global carbon cycle. The main pathways for the production of fulvic acid are: (1) biological methods: including enzymatic reactions, that is, the degradation and polymerization of macromolecular organic matter into fulvic acid by the action of enzymes. The disadvantage of this method is that the processing cycle is long; (2) non-biological methods: including hydrothermal and catalytic methods, which usually require high temperature and high pressure reaction conditions. Therefore, developing a method with mild reaction conditions that can quickly prepare fulvic acid-like small-molecule organic matter from livestock and poultry breeding wastewater is of great significance for realizing the resource utilization of breeding wastewater.

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention utilizes livestock and poultry breeding wastewater from pig farms for resource recovery. Through catalysis and molecular shearing, the wastewater is rapidly humified, converting large-molecule organic matter into small-molecule fulvic acid. Furthermore, a growth-promoting bacterial agent is added to enhance fertilizer efficiency and improve crop disease resistance. This approach helps solve the problem of livestock wastewater pollution, realizes the fertilization of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, and promotes the recycling of livestock resources. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to quickly convert it into an organic liquid fertilizer rich in fulvic acid.

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a method for rapidly humifying livestock and poultry farm wastewater, converting it into an organic liquid fertilizer rich in fulvic acid within 10 minutes. This fertilizer is then combined with a microbial agent to create a liquid microbial fertilizer that enhances crop disease resistance. This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for preparing humic acid-based liquid microbial fertilizer from aquaculture wastewater through minute-level composting includes the following steps: Step 1): Add biochar A, potassium ferrate and potassium sulfite to the pig farm wastewater and stir for 10-20 minutes. After mixing evenly, liquid fertilizer B rich in fulvic acid is obtained. Step 2): Add Bacillus subtilis, DX-9, and AM bacterial agents to liquid fertilizer B to prepare humic acid liquid bacterial fertilizer C.

[0009] Preferably, in step 1), the preparation method of biochar A is as follows: pig farm wastewater is loaded into a high-pressure reactor and kept in a reaction environment of 200°C and 2 MPa for 10 hours to complete the hydrothermal carbonization reaction, and finally biochar A is obtained.

[0010] Preferably, the water content of the pig farm wastewater is 95 wt%.

[0011] Preferably, in step 1), the weight percentages of biochar A, potassium ferrate, and potassium sulfite in the pig farm wastewater are 2-5%, 2-6%, and 2-6%, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, in step 2), the dosage of Bacillus subtilis is 2-5 g / L, with a viable count of 100 billion / g; the dosage of DX-9 is 2-5 g / L, with a viable count of 100 billion / g; and the dosage of AM agent is 2-5 g / L, with a viable count of 100 billion / g.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: high processing efficiency and small footprint; high-value utilization of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, which can effectively promote crop growth; and contribution to the green and healthy development of animal husbandry, with broad application and industrialization prospects in the fields of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of water quality before and after treatment of pig farm wastewater in Example 3; Figure 2 The images show three-dimensional fluorescence images of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater from the pig farm before and after treatment in Example 3. Region I / II represents the aromatic protein region, region IV represents the soluble microbial by-product region, and region III / V represents the humus-like region. Figure 3 The growth data of water spinach potted plants in Example 3 are statistically analyzed (in order: control group, pig farm wastewater before treatment, and liquid microbial fertilizer C). Figure 4 The images shown are digital images from the garlic field experiment in Example 3 (in order: control group, pig farm wastewater before treatment, liquid microbial fertilizer C, and sugar source FA). Figure 5 The data on garlic scape growth in the field experiment of Example 3 are statistically analyzed (in order: control group, pig farm wastewater before treatment, liquid microbial fertilizer C, sugar source FA). Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Unless otherwise specified, all percentages in the examples refer to mass percentages.

[0017] Example 1 Preliminary preparation: Take a certain amount of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater (moisture content 95%) from the pig farm and put it into a high-pressure reactor (volume 50L). Maintain the hydrothermal carbonization reaction for 10 hours at 200℃ and 2Mpa to finally obtain biochar A. (1) Add biochar A (2%), potassium ferrate (2%) and potassium sulfite (2%) to the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater (moisture content 95%) of the pig farm in the weight ratio and stir for 10 minutes. After mixing evenly, liquid fertilizer B rich in fulvic acid is obtained. (2) Add Bacillus subtilis inoculant (2g / L, 100 billion / g), DX-9 inoculant (2g / L, 100 billion / g), and AM inoculant (2g / L, 100 billion / g) to liquid fertilizer B to prepare humic acid liquid bacterial fertilizer C; (3) Mix 280g of soil with 120g of sand evenly, and place the mixture in a trapezoidal plastic pot with sides of 10.0cm (top), 7.5cm (bottom), and 8.5cm (height). Plant 9 water spinach seeds evenly in the soil. Set up a blank control group and an experimental group. Apply 5mL of humic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C to the experimental group. After 21 days, the water spinach water irrigated with humic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C had a plant height that increased by 18.2% and a fresh weight that increased by 42% compared with the blank control group. (4) The fulvic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C was used in a field experiment on garlic. 1L of fulvic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C was applied to each experimental group. The effects were compared with those of a typical commercially available sugar-source fulvic acid fertilizer (fulvic acid content: 47.3%, N content: 0.6%, K content: 1.53%). The results showed that garlic scapes treated with fulvic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C exhibited 72%, 60%, and 68% higher chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll, respectively, compared to the control group. Plant height increased by 28%, and fresh weight increased by 38%. Compared to commercially available typical fulvic acid fertilizers, yield increased by 9%.

[0018] Example 2 Preliminary preparation: Take a certain amount of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater (moisture content 95%) from the pig farm and put it into a high-pressure reactor (volume 50L). Maintain the hydrothermal carbonization reaction for 10 hours at 200℃ and 2Mpa to finally obtain biochar A. (1) Add biochar A (3%), potassium ferrate (4%) and potassium sulfite (4%) to the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater (moisture content 95%) of the pig farm in the weight ratio and stir for 10 minutes. After mixing evenly, liquid fertilizer B rich in fulvic acid is obtained. (2) Add Bacillus subtilis inoculant (3g / L, 100 billion / g), DX-9 inoculant (3g / L, 100 billion / g), and AM inoculant (3g / L, 100 billion / g) to liquid fertilizer B to prepare humic acid liquid bacterial fertilizer C; (3) Mix 280g of soil with 120g of sand evenly, and place the mixture in a trapezoidal plastic pot with sides of 10.0cm (top), 7.5cm (bottom), and 8.5cm (height). Plant 9 water spinach seeds evenly in the soil. Set up a blank control group and an experimental group. Apply 5mL of humic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C to the experimental group. After 21 days, the water spinach water irrigated with humic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C had a 19% higher plant height and a 48% higher fresh weight than the water spinach in the blank control group. (4) The fulvic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C was used in a field experiment on garlic. 1L of fulvic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C was applied to each experimental group. The effects were compared with those of a typical commercially available sugar-source fulvic acid fertilizer (fulvic acid content: 47.3%, N content: 0.6%, K content: 1.53%). The results showed that garlic scapes treated with fulvic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C exhibited 79%, 65%, and 75% higher chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll, respectively, compared to the control group. Plant height increased by 32%, and fresh weight increased by 44%. Compared to typical commercially available fulvic acid fertilizers, yield increased by 12%.

[0019] Example 3 Preliminary preparation: Take a certain amount of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater (moisture content 95%) from the pig farm and put it into a high-pressure reactor (volume 50L). Maintain the hydrothermal carbonization reaction for 10 hours at 200℃ and 2Mpa to finally obtain biochar A. (1) Add biochar A (5%), potassium ferrate (6%) and potassium sulfite (6%) to the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater (moisture content 95%) of the pig farm in the weight ratio and stir for 10 minutes. After mixing evenly, liquid fertilizer B rich in fulvic acid is obtained. (2) Add Bacillus subtilis inoculant (5g / L, 100 billion / g), DX-9 inoculant (5g / L, 100 billion / g), and AM inoculant (5g / L, 100 billion / g) to liquid fertilizer B to prepare humic acid liquid bacterial fertilizer C; (3) Mix 280g of soil with 120g of sand evenly, and place the mixture in a trapezoidal plastic pot with a diameter of 10.0cm (top), 7.5cm (bottom), and 8.5cm (height). Plant 9 water spinach seeds evenly in the soil. Set up a blank control group and an experimental group. Apply 10mL of humic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C to the experimental group. After 21 days, the water spinach water-irrigated with humic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C had a 20% increase in plant height and a 49% increase in fresh weight compared to the blank control group. (4) The fulvic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C was used in a field experiment on garlic. 1L of fulvic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C was applied to each experimental group. The effects were compared with those of a typical commercially available sugar-source fulvic acid fertilizer (fulvic acid content: 47.3%, N content: 0.6%, K content: 1.53%). The results showed that garlic scapes treated with fulvic acid liquid microbial fertilizer C exhibited 85%, 64%, and 82% higher chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll, respectively, compared to the control group. Plant height increased by 34%, and fresh weight increased by 50%. Compared to typical commercially available fulvic acid fertilizers, yield increased by 14%.

Claims

1. A method for preparing humic acid-type liquid microbial fertilizer by minute-level composting of aquaculture wastewater, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1): Add biochar A, potassium ferrate and potassium sulfite to the pig farm wastewater and stir for 10-20 minutes. After mixing evenly, liquid fertilizer B rich in fulvic acid is obtained. Step 2): Add Bacillus subtilis, DX-9, and AM bacterial agents to liquid fertilizer B to prepare humic acid liquid bacterial fertilizer C.

2. The method for preparing humic acid-type liquid microbial fertilizer from aquaculture wastewater through minute-level composting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1), the preparation method of biochar A is as follows: pig farm wastewater is loaded into a high-pressure reactor and kept at 200℃ and 2MPa for 10 hours to complete the hydrothermal carbonization reaction, and finally biochar A is obtained.

3. The method for preparing humic acid-type liquid microbial fertilizer from aquaculture wastewater through minute-level composting as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The water content of the pig farm wastewater was 95 wt%.

4. The method for preparing humic acid-type liquid microbial fertilizer from aquaculture wastewater through minute-level composting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1), the weight percentages of biochar A, potassium ferrate, and potassium sulfite in the pig farm wastewater are 2-5%, 2-6%, and 2-6%, respectively.

5. The method for preparing fulvic acid-type liquid microbial fertilizer from aquaculture wastewater through minute-level composting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), the dosage of Bacillus subtilis is 2-5 g / L, and the viable count is 100 billion / g; the dosage of DX-9 is 2-5 g / L, and the viable count is 100 billion / g; the dosage of AM agent is 2-5 g / L, and the viable count is 100 billion / g.

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