Long-distance vertical slot fishway structure and operation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a long-distance vertical-seam type fishway structure and an operation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower ecological protection. The structure comprises a dam and a vertical-seam type fishway. A fish collecting box lifting conveyor is arranged in one fishway side wall of a straight line section of the vertical-seam type fishway. A fish collecting box conveying mechanism for conveying fish collecting boxes in a long partition plate of the straight line section of the vertical-seam type fishway to the fish collecting box lifting conveyor is arranged in the long partition plate and the one fishway side wall. A fish collecting box returning mechanism for returning empty fish collecting boxes falling from the fish collecting box lifting conveyor to the long partition plate is arranged in the long partition plate and the one fishway side wall. Fishes can be lifted from a downstream section of the vertical-seam type fishway to an upstream section of the vertical-seam type fishway. The fishes in a fishway pool chamber can reach a dam upstream reservoir without experiencing long-distance internal migration, and the fish passing effect and efficiency of the vertical-seam type fishway are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure and its operation method, belonging to the field of water conservancy and hydropower ecological protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] While hydropower development drives socio-economic development, the disruptive effect of dam construction on the longitudinal connectivity of rivers is becoming increasingly prominent, blocking the flow of aquatic organisms' genes and exacerbating habitat fragmentation. Fishways, as compensatory ecological restoration facilities, are widely used to rebuild migration channels and alleviate fragmentation pressures. In southwestern my country, fishways range in length from a few hundred meters to several kilometers. Ensuring suitable habitat conditions within these fishways, creating favorable passage conditions for fish, and constructing ecological corridors that assist fish in transferring between different levels of fishways are key considerations in engineering research, implementation, and operation. With the maturation of high-dam fish passage technology and related facilities, vertical slotted fishways (with a slope of 2% and a total length of approximately 5.0 km) are being used in several high dams in southwestern China with upstream and downstream head differences of nearly 100 meters. Vertical slotted fishways are the most widely used due to their simple structure and stable operation: they consist of inclined rectangular channels and staggered arrays of long and short guide plates, forming a stepped series of chambers. Water flows through vertical slots into downstream units, dissipating kinetic energy through turbulence within the chambers.

[0003] However, on-site monitoring and indoor experiments revealed that the vertical slot fishway has a significant ecological bottleneck during operation: individuals with weak swimming ability often remain in the backflow area downstream of the long partition of the pool chamber (the backflow area serves as a gathering area for different species of fish) or are forced to turn back. Some adult fish even use the slow-flow zone at the edge of the partition to complete spawning instead of continuing to swim upstream. This indicates that the hydraulic conditions inside the pool chamber have deviated from the "channel" function and turned to the "habitat" effect, thereby weakening the effectiveness of the vertical slot fishway and causing key links in the fish life cycle to be interrupted downstream of the dam. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure and its operation method.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure includes a dam and a vertical slotted fishway. The vertical slotted fishway is arranged along one side slope of the dam, and its upstream end extends to the dam reservoir area. A fish collection box lifting conveyor is installed in the side wall of one side of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway. A fish collection box conveying mechanism is jointly provided in the long partition of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway and in the side wall of one side of the fishway to convey fish collection boxes containing fish in the long partition to the fish collection box lifting conveyor directly below. A fish collection box return mechanism is jointly provided in the long partition of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway and in the side wall of one side of the fishway to return empty fish collection boxes that fall from the fish collection box lifting conveyor to the long partition.

[0006] The vertical slot fishway straight section has a lower passage and an upper passage arranged side by side in the fishway sidewall on one side, and the slope and inclination direction of the lower passage and the upper passage are consistent with the slope and inclination direction of the fishway bottom plate of the vertical slot fishway straight section. The fish collection box lifting conveyor is a chain conveyor, and the partition between the lower channel and the upper channel is located inside the conveyor belt of the chain conveyor. Multiple fish collection box magnetic attraction mechanisms are evenly spaced on the conveyor belt.

[0007] The magnetic suction mechanism of the fish collection box includes a hanging rope, a sub-controller A, a wireless transmission module A, and a storage battery. One end of the hanging rope is fixedly connected to the conveyor belt, and the other end is equipped with an electromagnetic chuck A. The sub-controller A is electrically connected to the electromagnetic chuck A, the wireless transmission module A is electrically connected to the sub-controller A, and the storage battery is electrically connected to the electromagnetic chuck A, the sub-controller A, and the wireless transmission module A.

[0008] The fishway sidewall is provided with a fish guide chute inclined directly below the upper end of the conveyor belt, and the lower end of the fish guide chute extends into the vertical slot fishway.

[0009] The fish collection box conveying mechanism includes a fish collection box lifting well, a fish collection inlet, a fish collection box tilting slide, a fish collection box lifting assembly, a fish collection box pushing assembly, a sub-controller B, and a wireless transmission module B. The fish collection box lifting well is located on the long partition of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway, and a proximity switch is installed inside the fish collection box lifting well near its bottom surface. The fish collection inlet is located on the lower part of the backwater side of the long partition and is connected to the lower end of the fish collection box lifting well. The fish collection box tilting slide is located on the long partition and the side of the fishway of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway. Inside the wall, its upper end is connected to the middle of the fish collection box lifting shaft, and its lower end is connected to the lower channel. The fish collection box pushing component is located inside the long partition at the same height as the upper end of the fish collection box inclined slide, and the fish collection box pushing component is located on the opposite side of the upper end of the fish collection box inclined slide. The fish collection box lifting component is located inside the fish collection box lifting shaft and above the fish collection box pushing component. The sub-controller B is electrically connected to the proximity switch, the fish collection box lifting component, and the fish collection box pushing component. The wireless transmission module B is electrically connected to the sub-controller B.

[0010] The fish collection box lifting assembly includes a winch and a traction rope. One end of the traction rope is connected to the winch, the middle part is wound around the winch, and the other end is equipped with an electromagnetic chuck B. The fish collection box pushing component is an electric cylinder A; The winch, electromagnetic chuck B, and electric cylinder A are electrically connected to the sub-controller B.

[0011] The fish collection box return mechanism includes a fish collection box return slide and a sealing assembly. The fish collection box return slide is located in the long partition and side wall of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway. The upper end of the fish collection box return slide is connected to the bottom plate of the lower channel, and the lower end is connected to the middle of the fish collection box lifting well. The sealing assembly is located at the upper end of the fish collection box return slide and is used to control the opening and closing of the upper end of the fish collection box return slide.

[0012] A rectangular groove is provided on the side of the fishway wall away from the long partition, near the upper end of the fish collection box return slide. The sealing assembly includes a sealing plate, a U-shaped support frame, an electric cylinder B, a sub-controller C, and a wireless transmission module C. The two side walls of the U-shaped support frame have grooves facing each other. The sealing plate is slidably connected to the rectangular grooves and the grooves. The electric cylinder B is installed on the U-shaped support frame and connected to one end of the sealing plate. The sub-controller C is electrically connected to the electric cylinder B, and the wireless transmission module C is electrically connected to the sub-controller C.

[0013] The fish collection box is a rectangular box with a fish inlet and a fish outlet on one side, and a suction cup on the top of the fish collection box.

[0014] A method for operating a long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the fish collection box into the lifting well of the fish collection box on the long partition of the straight section of the vertical slot fishway, and ensure that the fish inlet and fish outlet of the fish collection box face the fish collection outlet, and that the fish inlet is located below the fish outlet. Step 2: The fish collection time is preset by the sub-controller B. When the actual fish collection time reaches the preset fish collection time, the fish collection box lifting component lifts the fish collection box to a position equal to the upper end of the fish collection box tilting slide. Then the fish collection box pushing component pushes the fish collection box into the fish collection box tilting slide. The fish collection box slides along the fish collection box tilting slide and finally slides onto the sealing component. Step 3: The magnetic suction mechanism of the fish collection box on the lower side of the conveyor belt is aligned with the fish collection boxes in the lower channel and the suction cup on the top of the fish collection box is attracted. Then the sealing component opens the upper port of the fish collection box return slide. Next, the fish collection box lifting conveyor runs intermittently, transporting the fish collection boxes to the upper end of the conveyor belt one by one to release the fish, so as to lift the fish from the downstream section of the vertical slot fishway to the upstream section of the vertical slot fishway. Step 4: When all fish collection boxes have completed releasing fish and moved to the underside of the conveyor belt, and are aligned with the upper end of the fish collection box return slide, the fish collection box lifting conveyor stops and releases all the fish collection boxes. The fish collection boxes fall into the fish collection box return slide and slide down into the fish collection box lifting well. The proximity switch is triggered by the fish collection box, the sealing component closes the upper end of the fish collection box return slide, and the sub-controller B starts the fish collection timer. Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 to gradually elevate the fish in the downstream section of the vertical slot fishway to the upstream section of the vertical slot fishway.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Fish collection boxes are placed within the fish collection box conveying mechanism. During their upstream migration, fish become fatigued due to excessive swimming energy. Under environmental conditions that attract fish, these fatigued fish will enter the fish collection boxes to rest. After a period of time, the fish collection box conveying mechanism transports the fish collection boxes containing the fish directly below the fish collection box lifting conveyor. The lifting conveyor then operates intermittently, transporting the fish collection boxes one by one to the upper end of the conveyor belt for fish release. This process lifts the fish from the downstream section of the vertical slotted fishway to the upstream section. By coordinating the fish collection box lifting conveyors at multiple straight sections of the vertical slotted fishway, fish can be lifted from the downstream of the dam to the upstream reservoir area. Thus, fish in the fishway pool do not need to undergo a long upstream migration within the fishway to reach the upstream reservoir area, ensuring that the fish can complete their life cycle and significantly improving the fish passage effect and efficiency of the vertical slotted fishway. After all the fish collection boxes have released their fish, the empty fish collection boxes that have fallen from the fish collection box lifting conveyor are returned to the fish collection box conveying mechanism through the fish collection box return mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a general layout diagram of the dam and vertical slotted fishway of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical slot fishway straight section of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the straight section of the vertical slot fishway of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the long partition, fish collection box lifting well, fish collection box lifting assembly and fish collection box of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the winch and traction rope of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fish collection box lifting assembly of the present invention when lifting the fish collection box; Figure 7 This diagram shows the relative positions of the fish collection box lifting well and the fish collection box return mechanism of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the fish collection box conveying mechanism and the fish collection box return mechanism of the present invention. Figure 9 This is an assembly drawing of the fishway sidewall and fish collection box return mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Top view; Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the fishway sidewall, fish collection box return slide, conveyor belt, fish guide chute and fish collection box of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the conveyor belt, the magnetic attraction mechanism of the fish collection box, and the fish collection box of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the fish collection box of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1-Dam, 2-Vertical slotted fishway, 20-Fishway sidewall, 200-Lower passage, 201-Upper passage, 21-Long partition, 22-Fishway floor, 3-Fish collection box lifting conveyor, 30-Conveyor belt, 31-Fish collection box magnetic suction mechanism, 310-Hanging rope, 311-Electromagnetic chuck A, 32-Fish guide chute, 4-Fish collection box, 40-Fish inlet, 41-Fish outlet, 42-Suction cup, 5-Fish collection box conveyor Delivery mechanism, 50-fish collection box lifting well, 51-fish collection mouth, 52-fish collection box inclined slide, 53-fish collection box lifting assembly, 530-winner, 531-traction rope, 532-electromagnetic chuck B, 54-fish collection box pushing assembly, 6-fish collection box return mechanism, 60-fish collection box return slide, 61-sealing assembly, 610-sealing plate, 611-zigzag support frame, 6110-slide groove, 612-electric cylinder B. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the present invention discloses a long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure, including a dam 1 and a vertical slotted fishway 2. The vertical slotted fishway 2 is arranged along one side slope of the dam 1, and the upstream end of the vertical slotted fishway 2 extends to the reservoir area of ​​the dam 1. A fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 is provided in the fishway side wall 20 of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway 2. A fish collection box conveying mechanism 5 is provided in the long partition 21 of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway 2 and the fishway side wall 20 to convey the fish collection box 4 containing fish in the long partition 21 to the fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 directly below. A fish collection box return mechanism 6 is provided in the long partition 21 of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway 2 and the fishway side wall 20 to return the empty fish collection box 4 that falls from the fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 to the long partition 21.

[0020] Specifically, fish downstream of dam 1 enter vertical slotted fishway 2 through the inlet, and after a short rest, continue to swim upstream inside vertical slotted fishway 2. During the upstream process, the fish will stay at the long and short partitions or rest areas to recover their energy due to the unique hydrodynamic conditions inside vertical slotted fishway 2. However, for fish with weak swimming ability, after climbing a long distance, they may turn back to the downstream or not continue to swim upstream in the fishway. Thus, some fish are not adapted to the long-distance characteristics of vertical slotted fishway 2 due to their own ecological habits.

[0021] Based on this, the present invention places a fish collection box 4 inside the fish collection box conveying mechanism 5. During the upstream process, the fish become fatigued due to excessive energy consumption while swimming. Under the conditions of fish attraction, these fatigued fish will enter the fish collection box 4 to rest. After a period of fish collection, the fish collection box conveying mechanism 5 conveys the fish collection box 4 containing the fish to the area directly below the fish collection box lifting conveyor 3. Then, the fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 operates intermittently, conveying the fish collection boxes 4 one by one to the upper end of the conveyor belt 30 for fish release, so as to lift the fish from the downstream section of the vertical slot fishway 2 to the upstream section of the vertical slot fishway 2. In this way, with the cooperation of the fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 at multiple straight sections of the vertical slot fishway 2, the fish can be lifted from the downstream of the dam 1 to the upstream reservoir area of ​​the dam 1. In this way, the fish in the fishway pool do not need to go through a long distance of upstream swimming inside the fishway to reach the upstream reservoir area of ​​the dam 1, ensuring that the fish can complete their life cycle, and significantly improving the fish passage effect and efficiency of the vertical slot fishway 2.

[0022] After all the fish collection boxes 4 have released the fish, the empty fish collection boxes 4 that have fallen from the fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 are returned to the fish collection box conveying mechanism 5 through the fish collection box return mechanism 6.

[0023] The vertical slotted fishway 2 has a lower channel 200 and an upper channel 201 arranged side by side in the fishway sidewall 20 on one side of the straight section, and the slope and inclination direction of the lower channel 200 and the upper channel 201 are consistent with the slope and inclination direction of the fishway bottom plate 22 of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway 2. The fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 is a chain conveyor, and the partition between the lower channel 200 and the upper channel 201 is located inside the conveyor belt 30 of the chain conveyor. Multiple fish collection box magnetic attraction mechanisms 31 are provided at equal intervals on the conveyor belt 30.

[0024] The magnetic suction mechanism 31 of the fish collection box includes a suspension rope 310, a sub-controller A, a wireless transmission module A, and a storage battery. One end of the suspension rope 310 is fixedly connected to the conveyor belt 30, and the other end is provided with an electromagnetic chuck A311. The sub-controller A is electrically connected to the electromagnetic chuck A311, the wireless transmission module A is electrically connected to the sub-controller A, and the storage battery is electrically connected to the electromagnetic chuck A311, the sub-controller A, and the wireless transmission module A.

[0025] Specifically, the suspension rope 310 has a certain degree of elasticity, or a spring can be used to replace the suspension rope 310.

[0026] The fish passage sidewall 20 is provided with a fish guide chute 32 at an angle directly below the upper end of the conveyor belt 30, and the lower end of the fish guide chute 32 extends into the vertical slit fish passage 2.

[0027] Specifically, the fish released from the fish collection box 4 are guided into the vertical slit fishway 2 through the fish guide chute 32.

[0028] The fish collection box conveying mechanism 5 includes a fish collection box lifting well 50, a fish collection port 51, a fish collection box inclined slide 52, a fish collection box lifting assembly 53, a fish collection box pushing assembly 54, a sub-controller B, and a wireless transmission module B. The fish collection box lifting well 50 is located on the long partition 21 of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway 2, and a proximity switch is provided inside the fish collection box lifting well 50 near its bottom surface. The fish collection port 51 is located on the lower part of the backwater side of the long partition 21 and is connected to the lower end of the fish collection box lifting well 50. The fish collection box inclined slide 52 is located on the long partition 21 and the fishway of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway 2. Inside the side wall 20, its upper end is connected to the middle of the fish collection box lifting shaft 50, and its lower end is connected to the lower channel 200. The fish collection box pushing component 54 is located inside the long partition 21 at the same height as the upper end port of the fish collection box inclined slide 52, and the fish collection box pushing component 54 is located on the opposite side of the upper end port of the fish collection box inclined slide 52. The fish collection box lifting component 53 is located inside the fish collection box lifting shaft 50 and above the fish collection box pushing component 54. The sub-controller B is electrically connected to the proximity switch, the fish collection box lifting component 53, and the fish collection box pushing component 54. The wireless transmission module B is electrically connected to the sub-controller B.

[0029] The fish collection box lifting assembly 53 includes a winch 530 and a traction rope 531. One end of the traction rope 531 is connected to the winch 530, the middle part is wound around the winch 530, and the other end is provided with an electromagnetic chuck B532. The fish collection box pushing component 54 is an electric cylinder A; The winch 530, electromagnetic chuck B532, and electric cylinder A are electrically connected to the sub-controller B.

[0030] The fish collection box return mechanism 6 includes a fish collection box return slide 60 and a sealing assembly 61. The fish collection box return slide 60 is opened in the long partition 21 and the side wall 20 of the straight section of the vertical slot fishway 2. The upper end of the fish collection box return slide 60 is connected to the bottom plate of the lower channel 200, and the lower end is connected to the middle of the fish collection box lifting well 50. The sealing assembly 61 is located at the upper end port of the fish collection box return slide 60 and is used to control the opening and closing of the upper end port of the fish collection box return slide 60.

[0031] A rectangular groove is provided on the side of the fish passage wall 20 away from the long partition 21 near the upper end of the fish collection box return slide 60. The sealing assembly 61 includes a sealing plate 610, a U-shaped support frame 611, an electric cylinder B612, a sub-controller C, and a wireless transmission module C. The U-shaped support frame 611 has sliding grooves 6110 facing each other on both sides of its side walls. The sealing plate 610 is slidably connected to the rectangular grooves and sliding grooves 6110. The electric cylinder B612 is mounted on the U-shaped support frame 611 and connected to one end of the sealing plate 610. The sub-controller C is electrically connected to the electric cylinder B612, and the wireless transmission module C is electrically connected to the sub-controller C.

[0032] The fish collection box 4 is a rectangular box. One side of the fish collection box 4 is provided with a fish inlet 40 and a fish outlet 41, and the top of the fish collection box 4 is provided with a suction cup 42.

[0033] Specifically, the fish inlet 40 and fish outlet 41 of the fish collection box 4 can be opened and closed automatically. When the fish collection box 4 is located on the lower side of the conveyor belt 30, the fish inlet 40 is located on the lower side of the fish outlet 41; when the fish collection box 4 is located on the upper side of the conveyor belt 30, that is, after the fish collection box 4 is rotated 180 degrees, the fish outlet 41 is located on the lower side of the fish inlet 40.

[0034] A method for operating a long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the fish collection box 4 into the fish collection box lifting well 50 on the long partition 21 of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway 2, and ensure that the fish inlet 40 and the fish outlet 41 of the fish collection box 4 face the fish collection port 51, and that the fish inlet 40 is located below the fish outlet 41.

[0035] Step 2: The fish collection time is preset by the sub-controller B. When the actual fish collection time reaches the preset fish collection time, the fish collection box lifting component 53 lifts the fish collection box 4 to a position equal to the upper end of the fish collection box tilting slide 52. Then, the fish collection box pushing component 54 pushes the fish collection box 4 into the fish collection box tilting slide 52. The fish collection box 4 slides along the fish collection box tilting slide 52 and finally slides onto the sealing component 61.

[0036] Specifically, when the actual fish collection time reaches the preset fish collection time, the sub-controller B controls the electromagnetic chuck B532 to be energized, the winch 530 releases the traction rope 531, and the electromagnetic chuck B532 moves down until it attracts the suction cup 42 on the top of the fish collection box 4; next, the winch 530 reverses and winds up the traction rope 531, and the fish collection box 4 gradually rises to the same height as or slightly below the upper end of the fish collection box inclined slide 52. Then, the fish collection box pushing component 54 pushes the fish collection box 4 into the upper end of the fish collection box inclined slide 52. The sub-controller B controls the electromagnetic chuck B532 to be de-energized, the electromagnetic chuck B532 separates from the suction cup 42, and the fish collection box 4 slides along the fish collection box inclined slide 52, finally sliding onto the sealing plate 610.

[0037] Step 3: The magnetic suction mechanism 31 of the fish collection box on the lower side of the conveyor belt 30 is aligned with the fish collection box 4 in the lower channel 200 and the suction cup 42 on the top of the fish collection box 4 is attracted. Then the sealing assembly 61 opens the upper end port of the fish collection box return slide 60. Next, the fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 runs intermittently, transporting the fish collection box 4 to the upper end of the conveyor belt 30 one by one to release the fish, so as to lift the fish from the downstream section of the vertical slot fishway 2 to the upstream section of the vertical slot fishway 2.

[0038] Initially, the electromagnetic chucks A311 at the lower end of each suspension rope 310 are aligned with the suction cups 42 on the top of the fish collection box 4. When the sub-controller A energizes the electromagnetic chucks A311, they attract the suction cups 42 on the top of the fish collection box 4. Then, the electric cylinder B612 pulls the sealing plate 610 out of the fish collection box return slide 60 to open the upper port of the return slide 60. Figure 11 As shown, next, the fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 drives its conveyor belt 30 to rotate counterclockwise. When the first fish collection box 4 is transported to the upper end of the conveyor belt 30, the fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 stops, and the fish outlet 41 on the fish collection box opens. The water and fish in the fish collection box 4 are guided by the fish guide chute 32 and enter the upstream section of the vertical slot fishway 2. Then the fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 continues to drive its conveyor belt 30 to rotate counterclockwise. When the second fish collection box 4 is transported to the upper end of the conveyor belt 30, the above process is repeated, and so on, transporting the fish collection boxes 4 to the upper end of the conveyor belt 30 one by one for fish release.

[0039] Step 4: When all fish collection boxes 4 have completed the fish release and moved to the lower side of the conveyor belt 30, and are aligned with the upper end of the fish collection box return slide 60, the fish collection box lifting conveyor 3 stops and releases all the fish collection boxes 4. The fish collection boxes 4 fall into the fish collection box return slide 60 and slide down into the fish collection box lifting well 50. The proximity switch is triggered by the fish collection box 4, the sealing component 61 closes the upper end of the fish collection box return slide 60, and the sub-controller B starts the fish collection timer.

[0040] When all the fish collection boxes 4 move to the underside of the conveyor belt 30 and align with the upper end of the fish collection box return slide 60, the sub-controller A de-energizes the electromagnetic chuck A311. The electromagnetic chuck A311 separates from the chuck 42, and the fish collection box 4 falls into the fish collection box return slide 60, sliding down into the fish collection box lifting well 50. Then, the proximity switch is triggered by the fish collection box 4, and the sub-controller B starts the fish collection timer. Simultaneously, the electric cylinder B612 pushes the sealing plate 610 into the fish collection box return slide 60 to close the upper end of the slide 60. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown.

[0041] Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 to gradually lift the fish in the downstream section of the vertical slot fishway 2 to the upstream section of the vertical slot fishway 2.

Claims

1. A long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure, characterized in that: The system includes a dam (1) and a vertical slotted fishway (2). The vertical slotted fishway (2) is arranged along one side of the bank slope of the dam (1), and the upstream end of the vertical slotted fishway (2) extends to the reservoir area of ​​the dam (1). A fish collection box lifting conveyor (3) is provided in the fishway sidewall (20) on one side of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway (2). A fish collection box conveying mechanism (5) is provided in the long partition (21) of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway (2) and the fishway sidewall (20) on one side to convey the fish collection box (4) containing fish in the long partition (21) to the fish collection box lifting conveyor (3) directly below. A fish collection box return mechanism (6) is provided in the long partition (21) of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway (2) and the fishway sidewall (20) on one side to return the empty fish collection box (4) that falls from the fish collection box lifting conveyor (3) to the fish collection box return mechanism (6) in the long partition (21).

2. The long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical slotted fishway (2) has a lower channel (200) and an upper channel (201) arranged side by side in the fishway sidewall (20) on one side of the straight section, and the slope and inclination direction of the lower channel (200) and the upper channel (201) are consistent with the slope and inclination direction of the fishway bottom plate (22) of the straight section of the vertical slotted fishway (2). The fish collection box lifting conveyor (3) is a chain conveyor, and the partition between the lower channel (200) and the upper channel (201) is located inside the conveyor belt (30) of the chain conveyor. Multiple fish collection box magnetic suction mechanisms (31) are provided at equal intervals on the conveyor belt (30).

3. The long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic suction mechanism (31) of the fish collection box includes a suspension rope (310), a sub-controller A, a wireless transmission module A and a storage battery. One end of the suspension rope (310) is fixedly connected to the conveyor belt (30), and the other end is provided with an electromagnetic chuck A (311). The sub-controller A is electrically connected to the electromagnetic chuck A (311), the wireless transmission module A is electrically connected to the sub-controller A, and the storage battery is electrically connected to the electromagnetic chuck A (311), the sub-controller A and the wireless transmission module A.

4. The long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The fish passage sidewall (20) is provided with a fish guide chute (32) at an angle directly below the upper end of the conveyor belt (30), and the lower end of the fish guide chute (32) extends into the vertical slit fish passage (2).

5. The long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The fish collection box conveying mechanism (5) includes a fish collection box lifting well (50), a fish collection port (51), a fish collection box tilting slide (52), a fish collection box lifting assembly (53), a fish collection box pushing assembly (54), a sub-controller B, and a wireless transmission module B. The fish collection box lifting well (50) is located on the long partition (21) of the straight section of the vertical slot fishway (2), and a proximity switch is provided inside the fish collection box lifting well (50) near its bottom surface. The fish collection port (51) is located on the lower part of the backwater side of the long partition (21) and is connected to the lower end of the fish collection box lifting well (50). The fish collection box tilting slide (52) is located on the long partition (21) of the straight section of the vertical slot fishway (2). Inside the fish passage side wall (20), its upper end is connected to the middle of the fish collection box lifting well (50), and its lower end is connected to the lower passage (200). The fish collection box pushing component (54) is located inside the long partition (21) at the same height as the upper end port of the fish collection box inclined slide (52), and the fish collection box pushing component (54) is located on the opposite side of the upper end port of the fish collection box inclined slide (52). The fish collection box lifting component (53) is located inside the fish collection box lifting well (50) and above the fish collection box pushing component (54). The sub-controller B is electrically connected to the proximity switch, the fish collection box lifting component (53), and the fish collection box pushing component (54). The wireless transmission module B is electrically connected to the sub-controller B.

6. The long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The fish collection box lifting assembly (53) includes a winch (530) and a traction rope (531). One end of the traction rope (531) is connected to the winch (530), the middle part is wound around the winch (530), and the other end is provided with an electromagnetic chuck B (532). The fish collection box push assembly (54) is an electric cylinder A; The winch (530), electromagnetic chuck B (532) and electric cylinder A are electrically connected to the sub-controller B.

7. The long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The fish collection box return mechanism (6) includes a fish collection box return slide (60) and a sealing assembly (61). The fish collection box return slide (60) is located in the long partition (21) and the side wall (20) of the straight section of the vertical slot fishway (2). The upper end of the fish collection box return slide (60) is connected to the bottom plate of the lower channel (200), and the lower end is connected to the middle of the fish collection box lifting well (50). The sealing assembly (61) is located at the upper end port of the fish collection box return slide (60) and is used to control the opening and closing of the upper end port of the fish collection box return slide (60).

8. The long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A rectangular groove is provided on the side of the fish passage wall (20) away from the long partition (21) near the upper end of the fish collection box return slide (60); The sealing assembly (61) includes a sealing plate (610), a U-shaped support frame (611), an electric cylinder B (612), a sub-controller C, and a wireless transmission module C. The two side walls of the U-shaped support frame (611) are provided with sliding grooves (6110) facing each other. The sealing plate (610) is slidably connected to the rectangular groove and the sliding groove (6110). The electric cylinder B (612) is installed on the U-shaped support frame (611) and connected to one end of the sealing plate (610). The sub-controller C is electrically connected to the electric cylinder B (612). The wireless transmission module C is electrically connected to the sub-controller C.

9. The long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The fish collection box (4) is a rectangular box. One side of the fish collection box (4) is provided with a fish inlet (40) and a fish outlet (41), and the top of the fish collection box (4) is provided with a suction cup (42).

10. A method for operating a long-distance vertical slotted fishway structure as described in claim 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the fish collection box (4) into the fish collection box lifting well (50) on the long partition (21) of the straight section of the vertical slot fishway (2), and ensure that the fish inlet (40) and fish outlet (41) of the fish collection box (4) face the fish collection outlet (51), and that the fish inlet (40) is located below the fish outlet (41). Step 2: The fish collection time is preset by the sub-controller B. When the actual fish collection time reaches the preset fish collection time, the fish collection box lifting component (53) lifts the fish collection box (4) to a position equal to the upper end of the fish collection box tilt slide (52). Then the fish collection box pushing component (54) pushes the fish collection box (4) into the fish collection box tilt slide (52). The fish collection box (4) slides along the fish collection box tilt slide (52) and finally slides onto the sealing component (61). Step 3: The magnetic suction mechanism (31) of the fish collection box on the lower side of the conveyor belt (30) is aligned with the fish collection box (4) in the lower channel (200) and the suction cup (42) on the top of the fish collection box (4) is attracted. Then the sealing assembly (61) opens the upper port of the fish collection box return slide (60). Next, the fish collection box lifting conveyor (3) runs intermittently, transporting the fish collection boxes (4) one by one to the upper end of the conveyor belt (30) for fish release, so as to realize the lifting of fish from the downstream section of the vertical slot fishway (2) to the upstream section of the vertical slot fishway (2). Step 4: When all fish collection boxes (4) have completed the release of fish and moved to the lower side of the conveyor belt (30) and aligned with the upper port of the fish collection box return slide (60), the fish collection box lifting conveyor (3) stops and releases all the fish collection boxes (4). The fish collection boxes (4) fall into the fish collection box return slide (60) and slide down along the fish collection box return slide (60) into the fish collection box lifting well (50). The proximity switch is triggered by the fish collection box (4), the sealing component (61) closes the upper port of the fish collection box return slide (60), and the sub-controller B starts the fish collection time timing. Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 to gradually lift the fish in the downstream section of the vertical slit fishway (2) to the upstream section of the vertical slit fishway (2).

Images