Well drilling process anomaly early warning method and device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

This application provides a method, device, electronic device, storage medium, and program product for early warning of drilling process anomalies, relating to the field of oil drilling technology. The method includes: determining the operating state of the drilling tool based on its operating parameters; determining a target monitoring device for retrieving monitoring data corresponding to the operating state according to preset monitoring rules; wherein the monitoring rules at least include: preset operating state, preset monitoring device, and a mapping relationship between the preset operating state and the preset monitoring device; acquiring the target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device within a preset time period; and initiating an anomaly warning upon receiving a request report indicating an anomaly in the drilling process corresponding to the drilling tool based on the target monitoring results. This method achieves timely early warning of anomalies in the drilling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of oil drilling, and more particularly to a method, device, electronic equipment, storage medium, and program product for early warning of abnormalities in the drilling process. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous deepening of oil and gas exploration and development, the number of deep and ultra-deep wells is increasing year by year. Drilling projects are facing engineering challenges such as high temperature and high pressure, high sulfur content, high production, long open-hole sections with multiple pressure systems, narrow safety density windows, and abnormally high pressure. Blowouts occur frequently during drilling. If they are not detected in time or if emergency response techniques are inappropriate, serious accidents can easily occur, causing significant property and personnel losses.

[0003] In related fields, early warning technologies rely on conventional monitoring devices, resulting in low accuracy and untimely detection of anomalies, which urgently needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method, device, electronic device, storage medium, and program product for early warning of drilling process anomalies, in order to solve the problems of low accuracy and untimely anomaly detection caused by the early warning technology being based on conventional monitoring devices, thereby achieving the effect of timely early warning of anomalies in the drilling process.

[0005] Firstly, in order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] When the operating status of the drilling tool is determined based on its operating parameters, a target monitoring device for retrieving monitoring data corresponding to the operating status is determined according to preset monitoring rules. The monitoring rules include at least: preset operating status, preset monitoring device, and a mapping relationship between the preset operating status and the preset monitoring device. The target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device are obtained within a preset time period. When the target monitoring results indicate that there is an anomaly in the drilling process corresponding to the drilling tool, an anomaly warning is initiated.

[0007] Based on the above technical means, the operating status of the drilling tools during the drilling process can be determined, and then data detected by different monitoring devices can be obtained based on the status of the drilling tools. Based on the changes in the data, it can be determined whether an anomaly has occurred. This solves the problem in related fields where early warning technology is based on conventional monitoring devices, resulting in low accuracy and untimely detection of anomalies.

[0008] Furthermore, the target monitoring device for the monitoring data to be retrieved corresponding to the operating state is determined according to preset monitoring rules, including: when the operating state is drilling, the non-full pipe flow monitoring device, the digital circulation tank, and the downhole monitoring instrument are identified as target monitoring devices, wherein the non-full pipe flow monitoring device is installed on the drilling fluid guide channel, one end of the drilling fluid guide channel is connected to the drill string, and the other end is connected to the digital circulation tank, which is used to store drilling fluid; when the operating state is tripping in / out of the drill string, the non-full pipe flow monitoring device and the automatic grouting device are identified as target monitoring devices, wherein one end of the automatic grouting device is connected to the drill string, and the other end is connected to the digital circulation tank; when the operating state is pump stoppage, the non-full pipe flow monitoring device and the digital circulation tank are identified as target monitoring devices.

[0009] Furthermore, obtaining the target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device within a preset time period includes: when the operating state is drilling, obtaining the first change corresponding to the drilling fluid guide channel detected by the full pipe flow monitoring device; obtaining the second change corresponding to the total volume of the circulating tank monitored by the digital circulation tank device; obtaining the third change of the bottom hole temperature and the fourth change of the bottom hole pressure monitored by the downhole detector; and determining the target monitoring results based on the changing trends of the first, second, third, and fourth changes.

[0010] Furthermore, determining the target monitoring result based on the changing trends of the first, second, third, and fourth changes includes: if the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is greater than the inlet flow rate, then if the changing trend of the remaining changes meets any of the following conditions, the target monitoring result is determined as a first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow: the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is greater than the inlet flow rate; the second change indicates that the total volume of the circulation tank increases; the third change indicates that the bottom hole temperature increases; and the fourth change indicates that the bottom hole pressure decreases.

[0011] Furthermore, determining the target monitoring result based on the changing trends of the first, second, third, and fourth changes includes: if the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is less than the inlet flow rate, then if the changing trend of the remaining changes meets any of the following conditions, the target monitoring result is determined as a second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the second abnormal result is well leakage: the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is less than the inlet flow rate; the second change indicates that the total volume of the circulation tank is reduced; and the fourth change indicates a decrease in bottom hole pressure.

[0012] Furthermore, obtaining the target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device within a preset time period includes: when the operating state is the tripping state, determining whether there is drilling fluid within a preset range at the wellhead using a camera on the automatic grouting device; if there is drilling fluid within the preset range, monitoring the wellhead using the camera according to a preset time cycle; if drilling fluid returns from the wellhead, the target monitoring result is determined to be a first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow; if the drilling fluid level at the wellhead drops, the target monitoring result is determined to be a second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the second abnormal result is well leakage.

[0013] Furthermore, in the absence of drilling fluid within a preset range, the target drilling monitoring device also includes an annular fluid level monitoring device; when the operating state is tripping operation, the annular fluid level monitoring device determines the first fluid level height in the well before tripping and the second fluid level height in the well after tripping; the difference between the first fluid level height and the second fluid level height determines the first volume of the drill string exiting the well; based on the first volume, the automatic grouting device is controlled to inject drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume; the annular fluid level is determined by the annular monitoring device after injecting drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume; if the first fluid level height is less than the third fluid level height, the target monitoring result is determined as a first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow; if the first fluid level height is greater than the third fluid level height, the target monitoring result is determined as a second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is lost circulation.

[0014] Furthermore, when the operating state is in the drilling state, the annular fluid level monitoring device determines the third fluid level height in the well before the drill string is lowered and the fourth fluid level height in the well after the drill string is lowered; the difference between the third fluid level height and the fourth fluid level height determines the second volume of the drill string entering the well; based on the second volume, the automatic grouting device is controlled to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume; the annular monitoring device determines the fourth fluid level height after the automatic grouting device extracts drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume; if the first fluid level height is greater than the fourth fluid level height, the target monitoring result is determined as the first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow; if the first fluid level height is less than the fourth fluid level height, the target monitoring result is determined as the second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is lost circulation.

[0015] Furthermore, before determining whether there is drilling fluid within a preset range at the wellhead using a camera on the automatic grouting device, the method further includes: when the operating state is in the drilling state, determining a first volume of the drill string entering the well; based on the first volume, controlling the automatic grouting device to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume; when the operating state is in the tripping state, determining a second volume of the drill string exiting the well; based on the second volume, controlling the automatic grouting device to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume.

[0016] An early warning device for drilling process anomalies includes: a determination module, configured to determine, based on the drilling tool's operating parameters, the target monitoring device corresponding to the operating state and the monitoring data to be retrieved according to a preset monitoring rule, wherein the monitoring rule includes at least: a preset operating state, a preset monitoring device, and a mapping relationship between the preset operating state and the preset monitoring device; an acquisition module, configured to acquire the target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device within a preset time period; and an early warning module, configured to initiate an anomaly warning upon receiving a request report indicating an anomaly in the drilling process corresponding to the drilling tool, as indicated by the target monitoring results.

[0017] An electronic device includes: a memory and a processor; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the early warning method for drilling process anomalies as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0018] A computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions, which, when executed, implement a method for early warning of drilling process anomalies as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0019] A computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed, implements a method for early warning of drilling process anomalies as described in the first aspect of the invention.

[0020] The drilling process anomaly early warning method, device, electronic equipment, storage medium, and program product provided in this application determine the current operating status of the drilling tool by analyzing its operating parameters. Prior to this, a series of monitoring rules are predefined, including different preset operating states and corresponding preset monitoring devices. A mapping relationship is established, meaning each preset operating state corresponds to one or more monitoring devices for collecting data related to that state. Based on the current operating state and the mapping relationship in the monitoring rules, the monitoring device from which data needs to be retrieved is automatically selected as the target monitoring device. Monitoring data within a preset time period is obtained from the selected target monitoring device. The target monitoring results are analyzed; if the data shows an anomaly in the drilling process corresponding to the drilling tool, an anomaly report is generated. This initiates an anomaly early warning mechanism, achieving timely early warning of anomalies in the drilling process. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0022] Figure 1 A flowchart of the early warning method for drilling process anomalies provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection of the early warning device for drilling process anomalies provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the real-time monitoring device for non-full pipe outlet flow provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the digital circulation tank device provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the automatic grouting device provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the downhole monitoring instrument provided in this application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the annular liquid level monitoring device provided in this application;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the early warning control logic for drilling process anomalies provided in this application;

[0030] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the early warning device for drilling process anomalies provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 10A schematic diagram of the structure of the early warning electronic device for drilling process anomalies provided in this application.

[0032] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0034] First, let me explain the terms used in this application:

[0035] Non-full pipe outlet flow real-time monitoring device: refers to a device that monitors drilling fluid quality and flow rate in real time;

[0036] Digital circulation tank system: This refers to a system that monitors key parameters of drilling fluid in real time, such as volume, density, and temperature. Through sensors and data acquisition systems, this data can be transmitted to the control center in real time, helping operators to understand the status of the drilling fluid and make corresponding adjustments.

[0037] Automatic grouting device: Enables automatic and continuous grouting during drilling operations and monitors well kick and leakage in real time, thereby ensuring the safety and continuity of drilling operations;

[0038] Annular fluid level monitoring devices: These devices accurately measure the fluid level in the annulus of the wellbore. They typically include components such as a rotary blowout preventer, grouting ball valve, tee fitting, fluid level monitoring ball valve, and ultrasonic continuous flux monitor. Through the coordinated operation of these components, changes in the annular fluid level can be automatically and continuously monitored, ensuring fluid level stability during drilling.

[0039] Overflow: This refers to the phenomenon where formation pressure forces formation fluids (such as oil, gas, or water) into the well when the formation pressure exceeds the drilling fluid column pressure. This causes drilling fluid to overflow from the wellbore, and if not detected and addressed in time, it may eventually develop into a blowout.

[0040] Well leakage: Well leakage refers to a complex downhole situation where various working fluids (including drilling fluid, cement slurry, completion fluid, and other fluids) directly enter the formation under pressure differential during downhole operations such as drilling, cementing, testing, or workover. Well leakage originates from a situation where the formation pressure is lower than the drilling fluid pressure, causing the drilling fluid to flow into the formation. Well leakage can lead to serious well control problems, such as blowouts and well collapses.

[0041] In one embodiment, the anomaly early warning technology for the entire process of drilling, pump shutdown, and tripping is based on conventional monitoring devices such as baffle flow meters and circulating tank liquid level monitors. However, the accuracy is low, and if anomalies are not detected in time, the degree of downhole anomalies will be unclear, increasing the technical difficulty of subsequent handling. Optionally, the aforementioned anomalies can be overflows or well leakage. Because drilling projects often face high temperature and pressure, high sulfur content, high production, long open-hole sections with multiple pressure systems, and narrow safety density windows, untimely detection of overflows or improper emergency response techniques can easily lead to serious blowout accidents, causing significant property and personnel losses.

[0042] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an early warning method for drilling process anomalies. By determining the operating state of the drilling tool based on its operating parameters, and then determining the target monitoring device corresponding to that operating state for which monitoring data needs to be retrieved according to preset monitoring rules, the method includes at least: preset operating states, preset monitoring devices, and a mapping relationship between the preset operating states and the preset monitoring devices. The method then acquires the target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device within a preset time period. Upon receiving a request report indicating an anomaly in the drilling process corresponding to the drilling tool based on the target monitoring results, an anomaly early warning is initiated. This method solves the problem in related fields where early warning technologies based on conventional monitoring devices suffer from low accuracy and untimely anomaly detection.

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail through specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for early warning of drilling process anomalies according to an embodiment of the present invention. This method can be executed by software and / or hardware devices. For example, the hardware device can be an early warning device for drilling process anomalies, which can be an electronic device or a processing chip within an electronic device. Figure 1 As shown, the method of this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0045] S101: When the operating status of the drill string is determined based on the operating parameters of the drill string, the target monitoring device for the monitoring data to be retrieved corresponding to the operating status is determined according to the preset monitoring rules, wherein the monitoring rules include at least: preset operating status, preset monitoring device, and the mapping relationship between the preset operating status and the preset monitoring device.

[0046] In other words, it is necessary to collect operating parameters, such as rotational speed, torque, pressure, and temperature, from various sensors installed on the drill string. These parameters provide crucial information about the current operating status of the drill string. By analyzing the collected operating parameters, the current operating status of the drill string can be determined. Based on preset monitoring rules, the current operating status is matched against these rules. These rules are predefined and specify which monitoring activities should be triggered for different operating states. Once the operating states requiring attention are identified, the corresponding target monitoring devices can be located according to the mapping relationships in the monitoring rules.

[0047] For example, when the operating state is drilling, the non-full pipe flow monitoring device, the digital circulation tank, and the downhole monitoring instrument are identified as target monitoring devices. The non-full pipe flow monitoring device is installed on the drilling fluid guide channel, one end of which is connected to the drill string, and the other end is connected to the digital circulation tank, which stores drilling fluid. When the operating state is tripping in / out, the non-full pipe flow monitoring device and the automatic grouting device are identified as target monitoring devices. The automatic grouting device is connected to the drill string at one end and to the digital circulation tank at the other end. When the operating state is pump stoppage, the non-full pipe flow monitoring device and the digital circulation tank are identified as target monitoring devices.

[0048] Optionally, the connection method of the above-mentioned device is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes 1. a non-full pipe flow real-time monitoring device, 2. annular fluid level monitoring device, 3. a tripping automatic grouting device, 4. a digital circulation tank device, 5. a downhole multi-parameter drilling monitoring instrument, and 6. a circulation tank.

[0049] The schematic diagram of the real-time monitoring device for non-full pipe outlet flow is shown below. Figure 3As shown, the device consists of 7 (monitoring device housing), 8 (filter cylinder), 9 (automatic scraper), 10 (ultrasonic flow meter), 11 (scraper controller), 12 (cooling mechanism), 13 (cleaning mechanism), 14 (non-full pipe flow data acquisition and controller), and 15 (control computer). The 10 ultrasonic flow meter monitors the liquid level in the guide channel in real time; the 8 filter cylinder enhances the identification effect; the 9 automatic scraper and 11 scraper controller periodically clean the sludge adhering to the filter; the 12 cooling mechanism lowers the temperature inside the monitoring device; the 13 cleaning mechanism periodically removes the sludge adhering to the 7 monitoring device housing; and the 14 non-full pipe flow data acquisition and controller controls the real-time acquisition of non-full pipe flow data. When used in conjunction with the 15 industrial control computer, it enables real-time switching between local and remote operation.

[0050] The schematic diagram of the digital circulation tank device is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the digital circulation tank device consists of a circulation tank (6), an industrial control computer (15), a circulation tank liquid level indicator (16), a float (17), a pull rope sensor (18), a float sensor float scale (19), a float sensor (20), a monitoring display screen (21), and a digital circulation tank data acquisition and controller (22). The float (17) moves up and down with the liquid level in the circulation tank (16), causing the float scale of the float sensor (19) to move up and down. The pull rope sensor (18) is fixed to the float scale, and the pull rope sensor body is fixed to the base of the float sensor (20). The pull rope sensor (18) converts the displacement signal into an electrical signal and outputs it to the monitoring display screen (21). The digital circulation tank data acquisition and controller (22) controls the real-time data acquisition of the digital circulation tank device. When used in conjunction with the industrial control computer (15), it can achieve real-time switching between local and remote operation.

[0051] The schematic diagram of the automatic grouting device is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the system includes: 23 grouting pump, 24 dual-way regulating valve, 25 outlet flow meter, 26 drain valve, 27 wellhead, 28 camera, 29 automatic grouting data acquisition and controller for drilling and tripping, and 15 industrial control computer. Specifically: the dual-way regulating valve is installed on the inlet pipe connecting the grouting tank and the wellhead; the camera is installed at the outlet of the return pipe connecting the wellhead and the grouting tank; the level gauge is installed inside the grouting pipe; the grouting pump is installed between the dual-way regulating valve and the grouting tank; the drain valve is installed after the dual-way regulating valve; and the outlet flow meter is installed on the inlet pipe between the dual-way regulating valve and the wellhead. The grouting pump, dual-way regulating valve, outlet flow meter, and camera are connected to the data acquisition and controller via data cables.

[0052] The structural diagram of the downhole monitoring instrument is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, it includes: 36 Measurement While Drilling Sub, 37 Temperature Sensor, 38 Pressure Sensor, 39 Subsurface Data Acquisition and Controller, 40 Pulse Transmitter, 41 Pulse Receiver, and 42 Surface Data Analysis and Controller.

[0053] The downhole multi-parameter monitoring instrument consists of an underground section and a surface section. The underground section includes a measurement-while-drilling sub, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, data acquisition and controller, and pulse transmitter. The surface section includes a pulse receiver and data analysis and controller.

[0054] The temperature sensor, pressure sensor, data acquisition and controller, and pulse transmitter are integrated within the measurement section, and are connected via data cables. The pulse transmitter and pulse receiver communicate using mud pulses, and the pulse receiver and data analysis and controller are connected via data cables.

[0055] The data acquisition and early warning software system includes an integrated logging system, a data acquisition and monitoring system built into the drilling rig itself, and a full-process overflow monitoring system for the drilling rig.

[0056] The communication connection between the industrial control computer and the non-full pipe real-time flow monitoring device, digital circulation tank device, automatic grouting and overflow monitoring device for tripping in and out of the well, annular fluid level monitoring device, and downhole multi-parameter drilling monitoring instrument can be any one of the TCP / IP, OPC, or MODBUS communication protocols, and the data format conforms to the well site data transmission specification format.

[0057] The industrial control computer is compatible with the data acquisition and early warning software system in terms of communication methods, including TCP / IP, OPC, or MODBUS communication protocols.

[0058] For example, when the operating state is drilling, the first change in the drilling fluid guide channel detected by the full pipe flow monitoring device is obtained; the second change in the total volume of the circulating tank detected by the digital circulating tank device is obtained; the third change in the bottom hole temperature and the fourth change in the bottom hole pressure detected by the downhole detector are obtained; and the target monitoring result is determined based on the changing trends of the first, second, third, and fourth changes.

[0059] For example, determining the target monitoring result based on the changing trends of the first, second, third, and fourth changes includes: if the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is greater than the inlet flow rate, then if the changing trend of the remaining changes meets any of the following conditions, the target monitoring result is determined to be a first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow: the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is greater than the inlet flow rate; the second change indicates that the total volume of the circulation tank increases; the third change indicates that the bottom hole temperature increases; and the fourth change indicates that the bottom hole pressure decreases.

[0060] For example, determining the target monitoring result based on the changing trends of the first, second, third, and fourth changes includes: if the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is less than the inlet flow rate, and the changing trend of the remaining changes meets any of the following conditions, the target monitoring result is determined to be a second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the second abnormal result is well leakage: the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is less than the inlet flow rate; the second change indicates that the total volume of the circulation tank is reduced; and the fourth change indicates that the bottom hole pressure is reduced.

[0061] In other words, the non-full-pipe flow monitoring device is used to monitor the flow rate changes of drilling fluid in the guide channel in real time. This change reflects the flow of drilling fluid in the wellbore and is of great significance for judging downhole conditions, optimizing drilling parameters, and preventing well control accidents. When the flow rate changes significantly, it may indicate that the drill bit has encountered different formations or other abnormalities.

[0062] The second change in the total volume of the circulating tank, monitored by the digital circulating tank system, is related to the storage and circulation of drilling fluid. The digital circulating tank stores and circulates drilling fluid, and its built-in sensors monitor the total volume change of the drilling fluid in real time. This change reflects the consumption and replenishment of drilling fluid during drilling, playing a crucial role in maintaining well pressure balance and ensuring stable drilling fluid performance. A significant change in the total volume of the circulating tank may indicate accelerated drilling fluid consumption or insufficient replenishment, requiring timely adjustment of drilling parameters or replenishment of drilling fluid. The third change is the bottom-hole temperature monitored by the downhole monitoring instrument. The downhole monitoring instrument can monitor the temperature changes at the bottom of the well in real time. Changes in bottom-hole temperature directly reflect the temperature characteristics of the formation and the friction between the drill bit and the formation. A significant increase in bottom-hole temperature may indicate that the drill bit has encountered a high-temperature formation or is overheating, requiring cooling measures to protect the drill bit and downhole equipment.

[0063] The fourth change in bottom hole pressure monitored by downhole monitoring instruments: Downhole pressure is one of the most important parameters in the drilling process, directly related to wellbore stability and drilling safety. Downhole monitoring instruments can monitor changes in bottom hole pressure in real time, providing crucial information for assessing downhole conditions and preventing accidents such as blowouts. Abnormal fluctuations in bottom hole pressure may indicate formation pressure instability or other potential risks, requiring immediate adjustments and control measures.

[0064] The target monitoring results are determined based on the changing trends of the first, second, third, and fourth changes. By comprehensively analyzing the changing trends of the above four key parameters, conclusions can be drawn regarding the current state and future trends of the drilling operation. If all parameters remain stable and within the expected range, the drilling operation can be considered to be in a normal state. If a parameter changes abnormally or multiple parameters fluctuate abnormally simultaneously, immediate measures need to be taken for adjustment and control to ensure the safe and efficient conduct of the drilling operation.

[0065] In an optional embodiment, the real-time monitoring device for non-full pipe flow during drilling accurately measures the height change h of the fluctuating liquid level in the guide channel using an ultrasonic flow meter. This change is converted into flow rate change using Equation 1, and combined with the inlet flow rate from the logging data, the inlet flow rate difference is calculated. By combining the changes in the total volume of the circulating tank monitored by the circulating tank device with the changes in downhole pressure, temperature, and other parameters monitored by the downhole multi-parameter measurement-while-drilling device, a comprehensive assessment of leakage risk is made, enabling real-time early warning.

[0066] The real-time flow rate that is not at full capacity can be calculated using the following formula:

[0067]

[0068] Where Q is the outlet flow rate of the non-full pipe guide channel, h1 is the height difference of the guide channel, l is the length of the outlet guide channel, f is the friction coefficient of the non-full pipe guide channel, d is the inner diameter of the guide channel, and h is the height of the drilling fluid in the outlet guide channel.

[0069] The total tank volume change is determined by a digital circulation tank device. A pull-up sensor is installed on the float of a float sensor. The pull-up rope sensor converts the liquid level height measured by the float sensor into an analog signal H1, which is displayed in real time on a monitoring screen for observation by on-site personnel. On-site personnel can manually monitor the system via a local human-machine interface. The measured data is uploaded to an industrial control computer via the digital circulation tank data acquisition and controller. The data can be transmitted in real time to a remote decision-making center, providing real-time data to the rear base. The rear base can then provide technical support for on-site operations based on this real-time data. The total tank volume can be calculated using Equation 2:

[0070] Q x =L x ×L y ×H1 Equation 2

[0071] Where L x L is the bottom length of the circulating tank. y H1 is the bottom width of the circulation tank, and H2 is the liquid level height in the circulation tank measured by the pull-rope sensor.

[0072] If the non-full pipe real-time monitoring device measures an outlet flow rate Q greater than the inlet flow rate Q... 入 The digital circulation tank device measures the total volume Q of the circulation tank. x Increase, bottom hole temperature T d Ascending, bottom hole pressure P d If the flow rate decreases, it is determined that an overflow has occurred.

[0073] If the non-full pipe real-time monitoring device measures an outlet flow rate Q less than the inlet flow rate Q... 入 The digital circulation tank device measures the total volume Q of the circulation tank. x Reduce, bottom hole pressure P d If the value decreases, it is determined that a loss has occurred.

[0074] For example, when the operating state is the tripping state, the camera on the automatic grouting device determines whether there is drilling fluid within a preset range at the wellhead; if there is drilling fluid within the preset range, the camera monitors the wellhead according to a preset time cycle; if drilling fluid returns from the wellhead, the target monitoring result is determined to be the first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow; if the drilling fluid level at the wellhead drops, the target monitoring result is determined to be the second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the second abnormal result is well leakage.

[0075] The camera on the automatic grouting device is used to monitor the drilling fluid situation within a preset range at the wellhead in real time. This camera can capture key information such as whether drilling fluid is returning or the fluid level is dropping at the wellhead, providing a direct basis for judging the downhole condition. When drilling fluid is present within the preset range, the camera monitors the wellhead at a preset time interval: if the camera detects the presence of drilling fluid within the preset range, it will continuously monitor the wellhead at the preset time interval. This ensures timely detection of any abnormalities, such as changes in the amount of drilling fluid returning or fluctuations in the fluid level.

[0076] If drilling fluid is found flowing back from the wellhead, the target monitoring result is identified as the first abnormal result, where the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow: if drilling fluid is found flowing back from the wellhead during monitoring, it can be preliminarily determined that an overflow has occurred. Overflow refers to the phenomenon where formation fluid enters the well and flows back from the wellhead when the formation pressure is greater than the well pressure. This is a potentially dangerous situation that requires immediate action. If the drilling fluid level at the wellhead drops, the target monitoring result is identified as the second abnormal result, where the abnormality type of the second abnormal result is lost circulation: if a downward trend in the drilling fluid level at the wellhead is observed during monitoring, it can be preliminarily determined that lost circulation has occurred. Loss circulation refers to the phenomenon where drilling fluid leaks from cracks or pores in the wellbore into the formation. This is also a potentially dangerous situation that requires emergency handling.

[0077] In one optional embodiment, the injection volume is calculated using an automatic grouting device for tripping in and out of the drill string, the return volume is calculated using a real-time monitoring device for non-full pipe flow, and the volume of the drill string pulled out (or lowered in) is automatically calculated in conjunction with logging data, thus achieving automatic grouting during tripping in and out of the drill string and leakage detection and early warning. The process is as follows:

[0078] S1: Obtain the real-time well-out / well-in volume of the drill string. Q2: By identifying the type of the tripping / running drill string, obtain the inner diameter r2 and outer diameter R2 of the drill string, and calculate the real-time well-out / well-in volume Q2 of the tripping / running drill string using the formula Q2=V*π(R2-r2), where π is pi.

[0079] S2: Adjust the real-time discharge rate of the drilling fluid injected into the well based on the real-time discharge volume of the drill string: Adjust the real-time discharge rate of the drilling fluid injected into the well to match the real-time discharge volume of the drill string. This is achieved by adjusting the opening of the dual-way regulating valve to output the required drilling fluid discharge rate. This is based on the real-time discharge volume Q2 of the drill string and the pump's output discharge rate Q. 泵 Using the formula P = Q² / Q 泵 *The opening degree of the dual-way regulating valve is determined 100% to ensure that the flow rate of the drilling fluid injected into the well is equal to the volume of the drill string exiting the well. Then, the actual discharge rate Q of the drilling fluid in the injection pipeline is calculated. 灌 Monitoring was conducted, and Q was detected. 灌 When the value is not equal to Q2, the drilling fluid flow rate difference is calculated as e = Q2 - Q. 灌 Using the formula P = Q² / Q 泵 *100%*(1+e / Q)=(2Q-Q) 灌 ) / Q 泵 *100% to further adjust the opening of the dual-way regulating valve, improve the adjustment accuracy, and make the flow rate of drilling fluid injected into the well equal to the real-time outflow volume of the drill string.

[0080] S3: At predetermined intervals, the wellhead fluid level can be observed via camera to check for changes. If the wellhead fluid level remains unchanged, the height change h of the fluctuating fluid surface in the guide channel is accurately measured using an ultrasonic flow meter via a non-full pipe flow real-time monitoring device. This change is converted into a flow rate change using Equation 1. The system then observes whether drilling fluid is being returned to the wellhead. If no drilling fluid is being returned, well leakage is determined to have occurred; if drilling fluid is being returned, no overflow is determined to have occurred. If the wellhead fluid level decreases, well leakage is determined to have occurred; if the wellhead fluid level increases, overflow is determined to have occurred.

[0081] For example, when there is no drilling fluid within a preset range, the target drilling monitoring device further includes an annular fluid level monitoring device; when the operating state is the tripping state, the annular fluid level monitoring device determines a first fluid level height in the well before tripping and a second fluid level height in the well after tripping; the difference between the first fluid level height and the second fluid level height determines a first volume of the drill string exiting the well; based on the first volume, the automatic grouting device is controlled to inject drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume; the annular fluid level is determined by the annular monitoring device after injecting drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume; when the first fluid level height is less than the third fluid level height, the target monitoring result is determined as a first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow; when the first fluid level height is greater than the third fluid level height, the target monitoring result is determined as a second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is lost circulation.

[0082] The schematic diagram of the annular liquid level monitoring device is shown below. Figure 7 As shown, it includes: 30 electromagnetic acoustic wave transmitter, 31 acoustic wave sensor, 32 temperature sensor, 33 three-way solenoid valve, 34 solenoid valve control unit, 35 annular liquid level data acquisition and controller, and 15 industrial control computer.

[0083] The steps for using an annular liquid level monitoring device to detect the depth of the annular liquid level are as follows:

[0084] S1, after receiving the detection command, uses the host computer to modulate the frequency and loudness of the detection sound wave (when leakage begins, the liquid surface is close to the wellhead, so a high-frequency, low-loudness detection sound wave is used to obtain the best echo; as the liquid surface drops, the loudness of the detection sound wave can be gradually increased and the frequency decreased to obtain the best echo; high frequency and low loudness correspond to shallow liquid surface conditions, and low frequency and high loudness correspond to deep liquid surface conditions), and sets the sound emission time of the detection sound wave to T0.

[0085] S2, determine whether the frequency and loudness of the detected sound wave are within the range (frequency range of 20-1500Hz, loudness range of 70-130dB; this scheme reduces the frequency and increases the loudness when there is no obvious echo. If the range is exceeded and there is no echo, it means that the liquid depth is too deep and is not within the measurement range). If not, output over-range; if yes, proceed to S3.

[0086] S3 controls the electromagnetic sound wave transmitter to emit detection sound waves. Specifically, after the host computer modulates the detection sound waves, it sends out a corresponding audio signal. After a series of processing steps, the audio signal is input to the electromagnetic sound wave transmitter, which then emits the corresponding detection sound waves.

[0087] S4, the sound wave is transmitted downward along the drill pipe in the annulus, and returns when it encounters the coupling and the liquid surface, forming an echo signal.

[0088] S5 collects, filters, and performs short-time energy calculations on the echo signal to obtain the processed effective echo, including the coupling echo, which may contain liquid surface echo.

[0089] S6. Determine whether there is a liquid surface echo in the echo signal based on the valid echo. If there is, calculate the liquid surface echo time. If not, reduce the transmission frequency of the detection sound wave and increase the transmission loudness, then return to S2.

[0090] S7, obtain the sound velocity of the coupling echo, and combine the sound velocity of the coupling echo with the liquid surface echo time to obtain the liquid surface position L.

[0091] In other words, the annular fluid level monitoring device is used to measure the height of the fluid level in the well. Before tripping out of the well, the device records the fluid level, i.e., the first fluid level. This height reflects the initial state of the fluid in the well and is important for subsequent assessment of the downhole conditions. After tripping out of the well, the annular fluid level monitoring device measures and records the fluid level again, i.e., the second fluid level. This height, compared with the first fluid level before tripping out, reflects the changes in the fluid in the well during the tripping process. The first volume of the drill string exiting the well is determined by the difference between the first and second fluid level heights: based on the difference in fluid level before and after tripping out, the volume of fluid carried out by the drill string when exiting the well, i.e., the first volume, can be calculated. This volume is one of the important bases for judging the downhole conditions. To maintain pressure balance in the well and ensure the smooth progress of drilling operations, drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume needs to be injected into the well through an automatic grouting device. This replenishes the fluid lost during tripping out of the well and keeps the fluid level in the well stable. The annular monitoring device determines the third fluid level of the annular fluid after injecting drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume: After injecting drilling fluid, the annular monitoring device measures and records the fluid level in the well again, i.e., the third fluid level. This height reflects the actual state of the fluid in the well after the drilling fluid is injected. If the first fluid level is less than the third fluid level, the target monitoring result is determined as the first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow: If, after injecting drilling fluid, the fluid level in the well (i.e., the third fluid level) is higher than the first fluid level before tripping, then it can be preliminarily determined that an overflow has occurred.

[0092] If the first fluid level is greater than the third fluid level, the target monitoring result is determined to be the second abnormal result. The abnormality type of the second abnormal result is well leakage: if the fluid level in the well (i.e., the third fluid level) is lower than the first fluid level before drilling is started after drilling fluid is injected, then it can be preliminarily determined that well leakage has occurred.

[0093] For example, when the operating state is in the drilling state, the annular fluid level monitoring device determines the third fluid level height in the well before the drill string is run in and the fourth fluid level height in the well after the drill string is run in; the difference between the third fluid level height and the fourth fluid level height determines the second volume of the drill string entering the well; based on the second volume, the automatic grouting device is controlled to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume; the annular monitoring device determines the fourth fluid level height after the automatic grouting device extracts drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume; if the first fluid level height is greater than the fourth fluid level height, the target monitoring result is determined as the first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow; if the first fluid level height is less than the fourth fluid level height, the target monitoring result is determined as the second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is lost circulation.

[0094] Annular fluid level monitoring devices are used to measure the height of the fluid level in the well. Before drilling, the device records the fluid level, known as the third fluid level. This height reflects the initial state of the fluid in the well and is crucial for subsequent assessment of downhole conditions. After drilling, the annular fluid level monitoring device measures and records the fluid level again, known as the fourth fluid level. This height, compared to the third fluid level before drilling, reflects the changes in the fluid within the well during the drilling process.

[0095] The second volume of the drill string entering the well is determined by the difference between the third and fourth fluid level heights: based on the difference in fluid level heights before and after drilling, the volume of fluid carried out by the drill string during entry into the well, i.e., the second volume, can be calculated. This volume is one of the important bases for judging the downhole conditions.

[0096] To maintain pressure balance within the well and ensure smooth drilling operations, an automatic grouting device is used to extract an equal volume of drilling fluid from the well. This adjusts the fluid volume increase caused by drilling and maintains a stable fluid level within the well.

[0097] After the drilling fluid is extracted, the annulus monitoring device will measure and record the fluid level in the well again, which is called the fourth fluid level. This height reflects the actual state of the fluid in the well after the drilling fluid is extracted.

[0098] If, after the drilling fluid is extracted, the fluid level in the well (i.e., the fourth fluid level) is lower than the first fluid level before tripping, then it can be preliminarily determined that a blowout has occurred. A blowout occurs when formation fluid enters the well and causes the fluid level to rise because the formation pressure is greater than the well pressure. This is a potentially dangerous situation that requires immediate action.

[0099] If, after the drilling fluid is extracted, the fluid level in the well (i.e., the fourth fluid level) is higher than the first fluid level before tripping, then it can be preliminarily determined that a lost circulation (VOC) has occurred. VOC refers to the phenomenon of drilling fluid leaking into the formation through cracks or pores in the wellbore. This is also a potentially dangerous situation requiring immediate attention.

[0100] In an optional embodiment, when the fluid level is not at the wellhead during automatic grouting during tripping and tripping, firstly, the annular fluid level monitoring device is used to detect the position of the annular fluid level before the tripping and tripping operation, denoted as L. a The real-time outflow / inflow volume V of the drill string is obtained, and the inner diameter r2 and outer diameter R2 of the drill string are obtained by identifying the type of the tripping / running drill string. The real-time outflow / inflow volume Q2 of the tripping / running drill string is calculated by the formula Q2=V*π(R2-r2), where π is pi.

[0101] Next, based on the real-time drill string discharge volume, the real-time discharge rate of the drilling fluid injected into the well is adjusted: The real-time discharge rate of the drilling fluid injected into the well is adjusted to match the real-time discharge volume of the drill string. This is achieved by adjusting the opening of the dual-way regulating valve to output the required drilling fluid discharge rate. This is based on the real-time discharge volume Q2 of the drill string and the pump's output discharge rate Q. 泵 Using the formula P = Q / Q 泵 *The opening degree of the dual-way regulating valve is determined 100% to ensure that the flow rate of the drilling fluid injected into the well is equal to the volume of the drill string exiting the well. Then, the actual discharge rate Q of the drilling fluid in the injection pipeline is calculated. 灌 Monitoring was conducted, and Q was detected. 灌 When the value is not equal to Q2, the drilling fluid flow rate difference is calculated as e = Q2 - Q. 灌 Using the formula P = Q² / Q 泵 *100%*(1+e / Q)=(2Q-Q) 灌 ) / Q 泵 *100% to further adjust the opening of the dual-way regulating valve, improve the adjustment accuracy, and make the flow rate of drilling fluid injected into the well equal to the real-time outflow volume of the drill string.

[0102] Then, the annular liquid level height L after automatic grouting was detected using an annular liquid level monitoring device. b .

[0103] If L a =L b If so, it is determined that no leakage has occurred;

[0104] If L a <L b If so, an overflow is determined to have occurred, and an overflow warning is issued;

[0105] If La >L b If so, it is determined that a loss has occurred, and a loss warning is issued;

[0106] For example, when the operating state is the drilling state, a first volume of the drill string entering the well is determined; based on the first volume, the automatic grouting device is controlled to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume; when the operating state is the tripping state, a second volume of the drill string exiting the well is determined; based on the second volume, the automatic grouting device is controlled to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume.

[0107] In other words, to maintain pressure balance within the well and ensure smooth drilling operations, an automatic grouting device needs to extract an equal volume of drilling fluid from the well. This adjusts the fluid volume increased due to the drill string entering the well, maintaining a stable fluid level. During tripping out of the well, when the drill string is retrieved, the displaced fluid flows back into the well. This returned fluid volume is the second volume extracted by the drill string. By monitoring and calculating this volume, the impact of drill string extraction on the well fluid can be understood. Controlling the automatic grouting device to extract an equal volume of drilling fluid (the second volume): To maintain pressure balance within the well and ensure smooth drilling operations, an automatic grouting device needs to extract an equal volume of drilling fluid from the well again. This adjusts the fluid volume decreased due to the drill string extraction, maintaining a stable fluid level.

[0108] Optionally, when the pump stops: the height change of the fluctuating liquid level in the guide channel is accurately measured by a real-time non-full pipe flow monitoring device, and the change is converted into a flow rate change using Equation 1. Combined with the inlet flow rate, the inlet flow rate difference is calculated to achieve leakage detection during the drilling process. Leakage detection and early warning are also achieved by combining the total volume change of the circulation tank monitored by the digital circulation tank device.

[0109] When the pump stops, if the real-time monitoring device for full-pipe flow detects a rise in the liquid level in the guide channel, the digital circulation tank device measures the total volume Q of the circulation tank. x An increase indicates an overflow has occurred, triggering an overflow warning.

[0110] S102: Obtain the target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device within a preset time period;

[0111] S103: When the target monitoring results indicate that there is an abnormality in the drilling process corresponding to the drill string, an abnormality warning is initiated.

[0112] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the early warning control logic for drilling process anomalies according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 8As shown, the hardware for monitoring overflow throughout the drilling process includes: a real-time monitoring device for non-full pipe outlet flow, a digital circulation tank device, an automatic grouting device for tripping in and out of the well, an annular fluid level monitoring device, a downhole multi-parameter monitoring instrument while drilling, and an industrial control computer.

[0113] The following are embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, which can be used to execute embodiments of the method of the present invention. For details not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, please refer to the embodiments of the method of the present invention.

[0114] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an early warning device for drilling process anomalies according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 9 As shown, the early warning device for drilling process anomalies according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a determination module 901, an acquisition module 902, and an early warning module 903. Wherein:

[0115] The determination module 901 is used to determine the target monitoring device for the monitoring data to be retrieved corresponding to the operating state of the drilling tool according to the preset monitoring rules when the operating state of the drilling tool is determined based on the operating parameters of the drilling tool. The monitoring rules include at least: preset operating state, preset monitoring device, and the mapping relationship between the preset operating state and the preset monitoring device.

[0116] The acquisition module 902 is used to acquire the target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device within a preset time period;

[0117] The early warning module 903 is used to initiate an abnormality warning when the target monitoring results indicate that there is an abnormality in the drilling process corresponding to the drill string in the request report.

[0118] Furthermore, the acquisition module 902 is also used to, when the operating state is drilling state, identify the non-full pipe flow monitoring device, the digital circulation tank, and the downhole monitoring instrument as target monitoring devices, wherein the non-full pipe flow monitoring device is installed on the drilling fluid guide channel, one end of the drilling fluid guide channel is connected to the drill string, and the other end is connected to the digital circulation tank, which is used to store drilling fluid; when the operating state is tripping in / out of the drill string, identify the non-full pipe flow monitoring device and the automatic grouting device as target monitoring devices, wherein one end of the automatic grouting device is connected to the drill string, and the other end is connected to the digital circulation tank; when the operating state is pump stoppage state, identify the non-full pipe flow monitoring device and the digital circulation tank as target monitoring devices.

[0119] Furthermore, the acquisition module 902 is also used to, when the operating state is drilling state, acquire the first change corresponding to the drilling fluid guide channel detected by the full pipe flow monitoring device; acquire the second change corresponding to the total volume of the circulating tank monitored by the digital circulating tank device; acquire the third change of the bottom hole temperature and the fourth change of the bottom hole pressure monitored by the downhole detector; and determine the target monitoring result based on the changing trends of the first change, the second change, the third change and the fourth change.

[0120] Furthermore, the acquisition module 902 is also used to determine the target monitoring result as a first abnormal result if the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is greater than the inlet flow rate, and the trend of the remaining change meets any of the following conditions, wherein the abnormal type of the first abnormal result is overflow: the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is greater than the inlet flow rate; the second change indicates that the total volume of the circulation tank increases; the third change indicates that the bottom hole temperature increases; and the fourth change indicates that the bottom hole pressure decreases.

[0121] Furthermore, the acquisition module 902 is also used to determine the target monitoring result as a second abnormal result if the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is less than the inlet flow rate, and the trend of the remaining change meets any of the following conditions, wherein the abnormal type of the second abnormal result is well leakage: the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is less than the inlet flow rate; the second change indicates that the total volume of the circulation tank is reduced; and the fourth change indicates that the bottom hole pressure is reduced.

[0122] Furthermore, the acquisition module 902 is also used to, when the operating state is the tripping state, determine whether there is drilling fluid within a preset range at the wellhead using a camera on the automatic grouting device; if there is drilling fluid within the preset range, monitor the wellhead using the camera according to a preset time period; if drilling fluid is returned from the wellhead, determine the target monitoring result as a first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow; if the drilling fluid level at the wellhead drops, determine the target monitoring result as a second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the second abnormal result is well leakage.

[0123] Furthermore, the acquisition module 902 is also used to, in the case that there is no drilling fluid within a preset range, the target drilling monitoring device further includes an annular fluid level monitoring device; when the operating state is the tripping state, the annular fluid level monitoring device determines the first fluid level height in the well before the drill string is tripped and the second fluid level height in the well after tripping; the difference between the first fluid level height and the second fluid level height determines the first volume of the drill string exiting the well; based on the first volume, the automatic grouting device is controlled to inject drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume; the annular fluid level is determined by the annular monitoring device to be the third fluid level after the drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume is injected; when the first fluid level height is less than the third fluid level height, the target monitoring result is determined to be the first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow; when the first fluid level height is greater than the third fluid level height, the target monitoring result is determined to be the second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is lost circulation.

[0124] Furthermore, the acquisition module 902 is also configured to, when the operating state is the drilling state, determine the third fluid level height in the well before the drill string is lowered and the fourth fluid level height in the well after the drill string is lowered using the annular fluid level monitoring device; determine the second volume of the drill string entering the well using the difference between the third fluid level height and the fourth fluid level height; control the automatic grouting device to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume based on the second volume; determine the fourth fluid level height after the automatic grouting device extracts drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume using the annular monitoring device; determine the target monitoring result as the first abnormal result when the first fluid level height is greater than the fourth fluid level height, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow; determine the target monitoring result as the second abnormal result when the first fluid level height is less than the fourth fluid level height, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is well leakage.

[0125] Furthermore, the acquisition module 902 is also used to, when the operating state is the drilling state, determine the first volume of the drill string entering the well; based on the first volume, control the automatic grouting device to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume; when the operating state is the tripping state, determine the second volume of the drill string exiting the well; based on the second volume, control the automatic grouting device to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume.

[0126] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an early warning electronic device for drilling process anomalies provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device 1000 includes at least one processor 100 and a memory 1002.

[0127] The memory 1002 is used to store programs. Specifically, the program may include program code, which includes computer-executable instructions.

[0128] The memory 1002 may include high-speed random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0129] The processor 1001 executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1002 to implement the drilling process anomaly early warning method described in the foregoing method embodiments. The processor 1001 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention. Specifically, when implementing the drilling process anomaly early warning method described in the foregoing method embodiments, the electronic device may be, for example, a server or other electronic device with processing capabilities; when implementing the drilling process anomaly early warning method described in the foregoing method embodiments, the electronic device may be, for example, an electronic control unit on the drilling equipment or other electronic device with processing capabilities.

[0130] Optionally, the electronic device 1000 may also include a communication interface 1003. In specific implementations, if the communication interface 1003, memory 1002, and processor 1001 are implemented independently, they can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc., but this does not imply that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0131] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the communication interface 1003, memory 1002 and processor 1001 are integrated on a single chip, then the communication interface 1003, memory 1002 and processor 1001 can communicate through an internal interface.

[0132] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0133] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device.

[0134] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to a single bus or a single type of bus.

[0135] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0136] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method.

[0137] The aforementioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0138] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in the device.

[0139] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0140] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0141] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0142] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0143] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0144] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for early warning of drilling process anomalies, characterized in that, include: When the operating status of the drill string is determined based on its operating parameters, the target monitoring device for the monitoring data to be retrieved corresponding to the operating status is determined according to the preset monitoring rules. The monitoring rules include at least: preset operating status, preset monitoring device, and the mapping relationship between the preset operating status and the preset monitoring device. Obtain the target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device within a preset time period; An anomaly warning is initiated when the target monitoring results indicate an anomaly in the drilling process corresponding to the drill string in the payment request report.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target monitoring device for determining the monitoring data to be retrieved corresponding to the operating state according to preset monitoring rules includes: When the operating state is drilling, the non-full pipe flow monitoring device, the digital circulation tank, and the downhole monitoring instrument are identified as the target monitoring devices. The non-full pipe flow monitoring device is installed on the drilling fluid guide channel. One end of the drilling fluid guide channel is connected to the drill string, and the other end is connected to the digital circulation tank. The digital circulation tank is used to store drilling fluid. When the operating state is the tripping state, the non-full pipe flow monitoring device and the automatic grouting device are identified as the target monitoring devices, wherein one end of the automatic grouting device is connected to the drill string and the other end is connected to the digital circulation tank. When the pump is stopped, the non-full pipe flow monitoring device and the digital circulation tank are identified as the target monitoring devices.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Obtaining the target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device within a preset time period includes: When the operating state is drilling, the first change in the drilling fluid guide channel detected by the full pipe flow monitoring device is obtained; Obtain the second change in the total volume of the circulating tank as monitored by the digital circulating tank device; The third change in bottom hole temperature and the fourth change in bottom hole pressure were obtained from the downhole monitoring instrument. The target monitoring result is determined based on the changing trends of the first, second, third, and fourth changes.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The target monitoring result is determined based on the changing trends of the first, second, third, and fourth changes, including: If the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is greater than the inlet flow rate, then the target monitoring result is determined to be the first abnormal result if the trend of the remaining change meets any of the following conditions, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow: The first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is greater than the inlet flow rate; The second change indicates that the total volume of the circulating tank has increased; The third change indicates an increase in bottom hole temperature; The fourth change indicates a decrease in bottom hole pressure.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The target monitoring result is determined based on the changing trends of the first, second, third, and fourth changes, including: If the first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is less than the inlet flow rate, then the target monitoring result is determined to be the second abnormal result if the trend of the remaining change meets any of the following conditions, wherein the abnormality type of the second abnormal result is well leakage: The first change indicates that the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid guide channel is less than the inlet flow rate; The second change indicates that the total volume of the circulating tank has decreased; The fourth change indicates a decrease in bottom hole pressure.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Obtaining the target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device within a preset time period includes: When the operating state is the tripping state, the camera on the automatic grouting device determines whether there is drilling fluid within a preset range at the wellhead; When drilling fluid is present within a preset range, the wellhead is monitored by the camera according to a preset time cycle. If drilling fluid is returned from the wellhead, the target monitoring result is determined to be the first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow. If the drilling fluid level at the wellhead drops, the target monitoring result is identified as the second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the second abnormal result is well leakage.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, include: In the absence of drilling fluid within a preset range, the target drilling monitoring device also includes an annular fluid level monitoring device; When the operating state is the tripping state, the annular fluid level monitoring device determines the first fluid level in the well before the drill string is tripped and the second fluid level in the well after the drill string is tripped. The first volume of the drill string exiting the well is determined by the difference between the first liquid level height and the second liquid level height. Based on the first volume, the automatic grouting device is controlled to inject drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume; The third fluid level of the annulus fluid after injecting drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume is determined by an annulus monitoring device. If the first liquid level is less than the third liquid level, the target monitoring result is determined to be the first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow. If the first liquid level is greater than the third liquid level, the target monitoring result is determined to be the second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is well leakage.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, include: When the operating state is in the drilling state, the third fluid level height in the well before the drill string is lowered and the fourth fluid level height in the well after the drill string is lowered are determined by the annular fluid level monitoring device. The second volume of the drill string entering the well is determined by the difference between the third liquid level height and the fourth liquid level height; Based on the second volume, the automatic grouting device is controlled to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume; The height of the fourth fluid level after the automatic grouting device extracts drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume is determined by the annular monitoring device. If the first liquid level is greater than the fourth liquid level, the target monitoring result is determined to be the first abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is overflow, and the first liquid level is the liquid level in the well before the drill string is pulled out; If the first liquid level is less than the fourth liquid level, the target monitoring result is determined to be the second abnormal result, wherein the abnormality type of the first abnormal result is well leakage.

9. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before determining whether drilling fluid is present within a preset range at the wellhead using a camera on the automatic grouting device, the method further includes: When the operating state is the drilling state, determine the first volume of the drill string entering the well; Based on the first volume, the automatic grouting device is controlled to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the first volume; When the operating state is the tripping state, determine the second volume of the drill string exiting the well; Based on the second volume, the automatic grouting device is controlled to extract drilling fluid of the same volume as the second volume.

10. An early warning device for drilling process anomalies, characterized in that, include: The determination module is used to determine the target monitoring device for the monitoring data to be retrieved corresponding to the operating state of the drilling tool based on the operating parameters of the drilling tool, according to the preset monitoring rules. The monitoring rules include at least: preset operating state, preset monitoring device, and the mapping relationship between the preset operating state and the preset monitoring device. The acquisition module is used to acquire the target monitoring results of the target drilling monitoring device within a preset time period; The early warning module is used to initiate an abnormality warning when the target monitoring results indicate that there is an abnormality in the drilling process corresponding to the drill string in the payment request report.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

13. A computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1-7.

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